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H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 46 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
Khi ngun cung cp :
Khi ny cho ra 2 ngun n p 5V cung cp cho vi iu khin, cc thit b
ngoi vi (LCD, cm bin) v 4V GSM Module Sim900 t 1 ngun 12VDC
Khi giao tip:
C chc nng nhn tin nhn SMS nhn lnh iu khin thit b v gi tin
nhn cnh bo, report. Khi ny gm 1 thit b in thoi di ng v Module
SIM900
o Thit b in thoi di ng: dnh cho ngi s dng (iu khin)
gi tin nhn iu khin v nhn tin nhn cnh bo v report.
o GSM Module SIM900: Module ny c gn Sim card s dng
dch v gi v nhn tin nhn SMS t nh cung cp dch v vin
thng.
Khi ngi s dng mun iu khin m 1 thit b th gi 1 tin nhn vi ni
dung theo c php: Dev<tn thit b>on, tng t nh vy, c php tt 1 thit b
l: Dev<tn thit b>of. Hoc iu khin nhiu thit b cng lc th mi lnh
iu khin 1 thit b c t xung hng. V d:
Dev1 on
Dev2 on
Dev3 of
Sau khi lnh iu khin c gi i, ngi s dng s nhn 1 tin nhn report
vi ni dung: Device <tn thit b> turned on.
bit c tnh trng cc thit b, ngi s dng c th son tin nhn vi
ni dung: STATUS v tin nhn report nhn v c dng : Device <tn thit b> is on.
V d: Device 1 2 3 is on.
Trong trng hp pht hin khi, gas r r hoc ngi l t nhp, ngi s
dng s nhn c tin nhn cnh bo: SMOKE/GAS detected! V Stranger
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 47 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
detected! Cc tin nhn ny s c gi lin tc mi 2 pht 1 ln cho n khi ngi
s dng c c v nhn 1 tin nhn xc nhn vi mt khu nh trc, trong
trng hp ny l 270486.
Khi vi x l:
Khi ny thc hin x l cc tin nhn iu khin m ngi s dng gi n
bt/tt thit thng qua cc Relay, nhn cc tn hiu cm bin, ng thi son ni
dung cc tin nhn cnh bo, report gi qua Module SIM900.
Khi ny do VK PIC16F877A m nhn .
Khi cng sut:
Khi ny gm 5 Transistor BJT 2SC1815 lm nhim v khuch i tn hiu
iu khin t VK PIC16F877A ng ngt 5 Relay.
Khi cm bin:
Khi ny gm 2 cm bin, 1 cm bin pht hin kh gas/khi MQ6 v 1 cm
bin pht hin chuyn ng bng hng ngoi RE 200B. Cm bin gas MQ6 s a
ra 1 in p dao ng t 2,6V (khi bnh thng) n 4,9V (khi pht hin kh gas).
Cm bin RE200B khi pht hin 1 s chuyn ng trong phm vi hot ng s xut
ra 1 xung vi rng xung Ton v Toff iu chnh c.
Khi hin th:
Khi ny gm 1 LCD 16x2 LM1602 hin th trng thi thit b v h thng
Keypad:
Khi ny gm 1 bn phm qut ma trn 4x4 dng bt tt thit b bng tay.
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 48 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
II. S NGUYN L PHN CNG V TNH TON
Qu trnh thit k phn cng s dng phn mm Proteus 7.8 Sp2.
1. Ngun cung cp:
1.1. Ngun cung cp cho GSM Module:
Ngun cung cp cho SIM900 l t 3.2V n 4.8V. Khi Module SIM900 thc
hin truyn d liu c th gy st p ngun, trnh hin tng ny, ngun cung
cp i hi phi cung cp dng 2A cho Module. Trong mch s dng IC n p
Switching LM2596S-ADJ c kh nng cung cp 1 dng 3A, vi di in p u vo
rng t 1.2V n 37V v in p u ra iu chnh c.
in p u ra c tnh theo cng thc:
Vout = Vref (1 +
)
Vi Vref = 1.23V.
R3 thng c chn xp x 1K.
R2 c tnh vi cng thc: R2 = R1 (
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 49 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
Trong mch, vi R1 c chn l 1K, in p Vout chn 4V, ta tnh c
R2:
R2 = 1K (
= 2.25K
Vi kt qu tnh c nh trn, ta chn R2 l 2.2K
Nt nhn B1 dng ng m ngun, khi nhn B1, IC LM2596 s ngt in
ng ra. Nt nhn ny dng Reset Module SIM900 khi xy ra li, mc d
Module SIM900 c chn Reset ring nhng theo khuyn co t hng dn ca nh
sn xut khng nn dng thng xuyn v c th gy ra h hng cho Module nn
nt nhn B1 trong trng hp ny s Reset bng cch ngt ri cp ngun tr li
Module SIM900 reset.
Cc t in 470uF l loi Aluminum v t in 100nF l loi t gm.
Diode bo v IC LM2596 in p ngc sinh ra do cun cm L1, y dng
lai diode Schottky 3A/40V.
Cun cm Ferrite Bead ngn nhiu cao tn s dng lai 3 vng 430
@10MHz.
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 50 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
1.2. Ngun cung cp cho VK PI C16F877A, LCD v cc cm bin:
V dng in tiu th ca VK PIC16F877A, LCD v cc cm bin thp nn
trong mch ch dng IC n p LM7805 vi dng in n p cc i l 1.5A
Cc t in lc ngun l loi t gm v t aluminum tng t nh mch
ngun cung cp cho Module SIM900.
Ferrite Bead FB2 dng chn nhiu cao tn.
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 51 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
2. Module SIM900:
2.1. Khi giao tip SI M card:
Module SIM900 h tr giao tip c 2 lai Sim card 1.8V v 3V, ngun cung
cp cho Sim card c ly t ngun n p bn trong Module SIM900. Chn
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 52 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
SIM_DATA c gn 1 in tr ko ln 15K bn trong module nn ta khng
cn phi thm in tr ko ln bn ngai. Module SIM900 h tr chc nng gn
nng Sim card, ngha l c th gn Sim card m khng cn ngt ngun hay khi
ng li Module, chn SIM_PRESENCE s dng chc nng ny. Trong mch,
ta khng dng n chn SIM_PRESENCE nn chn ny trng.
2.2. Khi hin th trng thi hat ng v khi RF ca Module
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 53 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
Khi hin th trng thi ca Module SIM900 gm 2 n LED D2 v D3 ly
tn hiu t 2 chn STATUS v NETLIGHT sau khi c khuch i bi 2
Transistor NPN 2SC1815.
n STATUS D3 sng khi Module hat ng v tt khi Module ch
SLEEP.
n NETLIGH D2 c 4 trng thi th hin tnh trng mng:
Trng thi D2 Trng thi Module SIM900
Tt Module khng hat ng (LEEP)
Sng 64ms, tt 800ms Module cha kt ni mng GSM (ang
d mng )
Sng 64ms, tt 3000ms Module kt ni vi mng GSM, sn
sng gi v nhn tin nhn, cuc gi
Sng 64ms, tt 300ms ang kt ni GPRS
Module SIM900 a ra 1 ng kt ni vi RF antena, y, ta ni vi 1
socket gn vo 1 dy dn n antena ngai. Socket ny c t gn Module
SIM900.
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 54 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
2.3. Khi giao tip vi VK:
Khi cp ngun, Module SIM900 trng thi ch, chuyn trng thi ca
Module SIM900 t ch ch sang ch hat ng, chn PWRKEY c ni vi
mas v gi trong 1s ri ngt. y, Transistor Q3 thc hin vic ni chn
PWRKEY vi mas, tn hiu iu khin c a ra t chn D0 ca VK
PIC16F877A.
Module chuyn t trng thi hat ng sang trng thi ch, ta cng ni
chn PWRKEY vi mas, gi trong 1s ri ngt, hoc c th dng lnh AT:
AT+CPOWD=1.
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 55 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
Giao tip RS232:
V VK PIC16F877A s dng in p 5V, mc logic ca PIC16F877A l
5V, cn Module SIM900 s dng in p 3.7 ~ 4.5V, mc logic l 3.3V nn thc
hin vic giao tip RS232 gia 2 thit b phi thc hin chuyn i in p mc
logic cho ph hp vi mi thit b.
- Tn hiu pht t VK c a qua 1 cu phn p ri n chn Receive ca
SIM900.
T s trn, ta c:
5R16 = 3.3 (R16 + R17)
1.7R16 = 3.3R17
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 56 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
R17 ~ 0.51R16
Ta chn R16 = 10K, suy ra R17 = 5.1K
- Tn hiu pht t Module SIM900 c khuch i in p bi 2 Transistor
NPN 2SC1815 ri n chn Receive ca PIC16F877A
Nguyn l hat ng ca mch khuch i in p nh sau:
Khi chn TXD ca Module SIM900 mc thp (0), Q1 khng dn, Q2
c phn cc bi R1 nn dn, chn RXD ca VK nhn mc 0.
Khi chn TXD ca SIM900 mc cao (1), Q1 dn, Q2 ngt, chn RXD
ca VK nhn mc 1.
3. Cc cm bin:
3.1. Cm bin chuyn ng PI R
* Gii thiu cm bin PIR RE200B:
Cm bin chuyn ng dng hng ngai PIR (Pyroelectric Passive Infrared
Sensor) RE200B l 1 cm bin hng ngoi th ng c thit k nhn bc x
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 57 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
c di sng trong di xung quanh bc sng 10 micromet. nhy quang ph
ca cm bin c ti u ha nhn bc x c th ca con ngi.
* S mch in:
Tn hiu t sensor RE200B c IC BISS0001 khuch i qua 2 b Op-Amp
bn trong IC, tn hiu ng ra chn 2 ca IC l tn hiu logic (0 v 1) c a n
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 58 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
VK x l, rng xung Ton v Tof ca tn hiu ny c th c iu chnh
bi 2 bin tr R30 (Tof) v R31(Ton) v c tnh bi cng thc:
Ton = 24576 x R31 x C27
Tof = 24 x R30 x C26
IC BISS0001 l IC chuyn dng dng cho cm bin PIR, s khi bn
trong ca IC nh sau:
IC BISS0001 c 2 ch hat ng l: Retriggerable v Non-Retriggerable
c iu khin bi chn 1 (A), c th hin qua biu xung sau:
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 59 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 60 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
Trong mch, 2 ch Retriggerable v Non-Retriggerable c chn bng
cch ni Jump TER2.
3.2. Cm bin GAS/SMOKE:
Cm bin GAS/SMOKE dng trong mch l cm bin MQ6 ca hng
HANWEI SENSORS, vt liu cm nhn kh gas l SnO2 vi c im dn yu
trong khng kh bnh thng v dn mnh khi trong khng kh xut hin kh Gas,
dn ny tng theo nng kh Gas c trong khng kh. Cm bin MQ6 c
nhy cao vi cc kh Butan, Propan, LPG v cc kh t t nhin, nhy ca MQ6
thp hn i vi khi v Alcohol.
p ng vi cc lai kh ca cm bin, o nhit 20C, m 65%, nng
oxi 21%, RL (trong mch l R18) = 20K th hin trong bng sau:
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 61 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
Vi Ro: in tr cm bin khi nng PLG trong khng kh l 1000ppm.
Rs: in tr cm bin cc nng ca cc lai Gas khc nhau.
S mch in:
in p a ra t Sensor MQ6 c a vo Op-Amp MCP601 vi li
thay i c bng cch iu chnh R21, ng ra ca Op-Amp c a vo ng vo
Analog ca VK PIC16F877A.
Gi tr in p o c ng ra cm bin trong iu kin khng kh bnh
thng l khang 2.6V v khi c kh Gas l 4.8V, khi c khi thuc l khang gn
3V.
Gi tr in p o c ng ra Op-Amp sau khi chnh li trong iu kin
khng kh bnh thng l khang 3V, khi c khi l khang 3.4V v khi c gas l
4.9V.
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 62 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
4. Khi vi iu khin PIC16F877A:
Keypad c ni vi Port B ca VK.
Cc chn Data ca LCD 1602 ni vi RD4~RD7, cc chn E, RW, RE ni
vi Port E ca VK. n Background ca LCD c iu khin bi chn RC0.
Tn hiu t Gas sensor a vo chn RA0, tn hiu t PIR sensor a vo
chn RA1.
Chn RA5 iu khin LED D12, hin th trng thi hat ng ca VK.
Cc chn RL1(RD2), RL2(RD1), RL3(RC5), RL4(RC2), RL5(RC1) a n
khi cng sut ng ngt relay tt/m thit b.
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 63 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
Chn RD0 iu khin tt m GSM Module, RD3 iu khin transistor Q10
ng ngt ci BUZZ
VK s dng thch anh 20MHz.
5. Khi cng sut:
Khi ny gm 5 Transistor ly tn hiu iu khin t cc chn RL1 ~ RL5
ca VK ng ngt cc relay 12V tt/m thit b qua cc tip im ni vi cc
terminal TER4 ~ TER8.
6. S mch in tan mch:
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 64 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 65 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
III. Lp trnh phn mm cho VK
1. Lu gii thut cho tan chng trnh
BEGIN
Khai bo th vin
PIC16F877A
Khai bo cu hnh s
dng PIC16F877A
Khai bo tn s thch
anh
Khai bo khi giao tip
ni tip RS232
Khai bo cc driver cho
LCD, Keypad
Khai bo cc bin tan
cc
Ngt USART
Ngt Timer0
Chng trnh chnh
X l cc lnh iu
khin
END
Chng trnh con kim tra bn
phm v ng ngt relay
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 66 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
2. Lu gii thut chng trnh con ngt USART:
BEGIN
Khai bo cc bin
i, data, str[]
Lu d liu nhn
c vo bin data
Nu data =
\n hoc \r
Reset bin i
Lu d liu vo b
m str[i], tng gi
tr bin i thm 1
So snh v kim
tra d liu lu
trong b m
Gn cc bin
tng ng x l
Xa b m, reset
bin i
END
N
Y
Y
N
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 67 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
3. Lu gii thut chng trnh con ngt Timer0:
BEGIN
Khai bo bin
Khi to ngt
Tng bin
count ln 1
Count =1000
Vgas sensor > 4V
c gi tr analog
t Gas sensor
PIR sensor =1
Gn bin smk
x l
Gn bin PIR
x l
Xa c ngt
END
Kim tra ng vo
PIR sensor
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 68 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
4. Lu gii thut chng trnh con kim tra bn phm v ng ngt
Relay:
BEGIN
Kim tra v so snh cc
phm c bm
Gn cc bin tbxm (x:
1~5) tng ng vi cc
bin c bm
Kim tra v x
l cc bin
tbxm (x: 1~5)
)
ng Relay
Ngt Relay
END
= 0
# 0
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 69 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
5. Lu gii thut chng trnh chnh (main):
BEGIN
Thit lp trng thi cc
ng vo/ra
Ci t khi ADC
Kch hat ngt USART
Kch hat SIM900
Gi lnh xa cc tin
nhn v tr 1 ~ 9 ti
SIM900
Delay 30s (i SIM900
kt ni mng GSM)
Gi tin nhn thng bo
sn sng n ngi s
dng
Kch hat b m
Timer0
Kim tra bin
smk
Gi tin nhn
cnh bo
Qut bn phm v gi chng
trnh con kim tra phm bm
N
Y
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 70 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
Kim tra bin
PIR
Kim tra cc bin lnh bt tt
thit b v bin lnh ngt cnh
bo khi
Gi tin nhn
cnh bo
Gi chng trnh con
ng ngt Relay
Xa bin PIR
Kim tra tin
nhn n
Gi lnh c tin
nhn
Kim tra s
in thai
Gi tin nhn
report
Xa tin nhn
lnh c
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 71 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
Phn 3
KT LUN
I. Kt lun
Qua thi gian nghin cu, thi cng n c bn c hon thnh. Nh s
hng dn nhit tnh, tn tm ca thy Phm Quang Tr, cng vi ni lc c gng
ca bn thn sinh vin thc hin ti, n ny c hon thnh ng thi
gian nh nh v t c yu cu t ra theo yu cu l thit k v thi cng
h thng iu khin thit b t xa qua tin nhn SMS. Trong qu trnh thc hin
ti thu c nhng kt qu nht nh nh sau:
Mch in c thit k, thi cng hon chnh gi gn trong 1 module v
c th nghim nhiu ln, cho kt qu hot ng n nh trong thc t.
Xy dng c m hnh ng dng iu khin cc thit b v h thng bo
ng.
Trong n ny, em trnh by kh y v chc nng, cu trc ca tng
khi trn board mch in tch hp. Nh vy, gip ngi c c th nm bt, hiu
c chc nng ca tng khi mt cch d dng. Bn cnh , ni dung ca ti
c trnh by kh chi tit r rng bng cch s dng nhng t ng thng dng, cc
hnh nh i km gip ngi c d hiu v c th thc hin mt cch tng t, t
hiu qu trong mt thi gian ngn.
H thng iu khin thit b trong nh t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS c thc
hin nh trong ti l mt h thng vi cc chc nng t c nh sau:
H thng c th iu khin c thit b in t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS:
+ Sau khi gi tin nhn lnh th vi ni dung tin nhn , b x l s thc thi qu
trnh x l, sau l iu khin thit b mt cch t ng.
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 72 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
+ Tin nhn c gi i t ngi iu khin iu khin thit b in v ngi
iu khin cng nhn c tin nhn tr ngc li vi ni dng tin nhn l iu
khin c cc thit b hay cha v h thng cnh bo.
+ H thng c kh nng c bo v tt, ch vi s in thoi c ci t sn
ca ngi s dng mi c th iu khin c h thng.
H thng c chc nng cnh bo s c: cnh bo bng tin nhn SMS ti ngi
dng khi pht hin c kh Gas trong khng kh v c ngi l xm nhp trong vng
pht hin ca cm bin chuyn ng.
thc hin c cc chc nng nu trn, em tm hiu, nghin cu cc vn
c lin quan ti ti nh : h PIC16F877A, Module SIM900, cc ngn ng lp
trnh tng ng nh CCS, b lnh AT Command dnh cho GSM Module, v cc
vn khc lin quan ti ti.
Cui cng, theo nhn nh ch quan ca em th n c hon thnh ng
thi gian cho php v trnh by kh y cc mng kin thc lin quan, cc
vn lin qua ti ti.
II. Hng pht trin ti
Do thi gian thc hin ti c hn v lng kin thc c nhn l nht nh nn
ti thc hin xong ch p ng c mt phn nh ca mt h thng hon chnh.
V vy, ti ny thm phong ph hn, mang nhiu tnh thc t hn na, c kh
nng ng dng cao hn th ti cn a thm vo nhng yu cu nh sau:
Ngoi vic iu khin gim st bng tin nhn SMS, ta cng c th iu khin
Camera chp hnh ri sau gi tin nhn a phng tin n in thoi thng
qua chc nng kt ni GPRS ca Module SIM900.
S dng thm nhiu loi cm bin khc, chng hn nh cm bin nhit o
nhit , cm bin m khng kh o m khng kh, ng dng vo
H thng cnh bo v iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Quang Tr Page 73 SVTH: Trn Nguyn Hong
ti. Nh th ngi dng c th hnh dung ra c ton b khng gian trong ngi
nh.
M rng iu khin c nhiu hn na cc thit b trong nh.
ti khng nhng ch p dng cho vi cc ta nh m nn c m rng p
dng i vi iu khin cc thit b s dng ni cng cng.
M rng thm chc nng thay i hoc thm s in thoi iu khin v nhn
tin nhn cnh bo thng qua bn phm v mn hnh LCD ph hp hn vi thc
t s dng trong cc gia nh.
Hy vng vi nhng hng pht trin nu trn cng vi nhng tng khc ca
cc bn, ca ngi c- nhng ngi i sau - s pht trin hn na ti ny, khc
phc nhng hn ch, tn ti ca ti, lm cho ti tr nn phong ph hn, mang
tnh ng dng cao hn vo trong thc t cuc sng, phc v cho nhng li ch ca
con ngi trong tng lai.