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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

N MN HC K THUT THC PHM

N 4: TNH TON THIT K MY SY


HM (TUY- NEN) DNG SY KHOAI M
LT NNG SUT 1000KG KHOAI M KH/H

GVHD: O THANH KH
SVTH: LP 02DHLTP3
1/ TRN BNG NGN

2205115297

2/ NGUYN TH NGN

2205115288

TP. H Ch Minh, thng 10 nm 2013

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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

MC LC

Table of Contents
M U ............................................................................................................................. 4
CHNG I : TNG QUAN ............................................................................................ 5
1.1 Tng quan v phng php sy .............................................................................. 5
1.1.1 Bn cht ca sy ................................................................................................. 5
1.1.2 Phn loi ............................................................................................................. 5
1.1.3 Yu t nh hng n qu trnh sy ................................................................ 5
1.2 Cng ngh sy khoai m .......................................................................................... 6
1.2.1 Gii thiu v khoai m ....................................................................................... 6
1.2.2 S v Thuyt minh qui trnh sy: ............................................................... 8
1.2.2.1 S qui trnh: ............................................................................................... 8
1.2.2.2 Qui trnh sy c thuyt minh nh sau: .................................................... 9
1.2.3 Phng php v ch sy ............................................................................... 9
CHNG II: TNH TON CN BNG NHIT M CA H THNG SY ..... 10
2.1 Cc thng s ban u ............................................................................................ 10
2.1.1 Vt liu sy ....................................................................................................... 10
2.1.2

Tc nhn sy: khngkh.............................................................................. 10

2.2. Tnh ton ................................................................................................................ 12


2.2.1 Tnh cn bng vt cht: ................................................................................... 12
2.2.2 Tnh cn bng nng lng .............................................................................. 12
2.2.3 Tnh thit b chnh: .......................................................................................... 13
2.2.3.2 Khi lng khay: .......................................................................................... 14
2.2.3 Hm sy: ........................................................................................................... 14
CHNG 4: TNH V CHN THIT B PH ......................................................... 15
4.1 Tnh Caloripher ...................................................................................................... 15
4.2 Tnh v chn qut ............................................................................................... 19
4.2.1. Tnh p sut ton phn: ................................................................................. 19
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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

4.2.2 Tnh lu lng th tch tc nhn sy ............................................................. 22


4.3 Tnh v chn ng c ko ti ................................................................................ 23
4.4 Chn Xicln: ........................................................................................................ 23
KT LUN ...................................................................................................................... 25
TI LIU THAM KHO............................................................................................... 26

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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

M U

Sy l mt qu trnh cng ngh c s dng rt nhiu trong sn xut thc phm. Sn


phm sau qu trnh sy c m thch hp, thun tin cho vic bo qun, vn chuyn,
ch bin, ng thi nng cao cht lng sn phm. V d in hnh l khoai m, do ng
dng rng ri ca n m khi lng c s dng l rt ln, nht l trong cc ngnh nng
nghip v cng nghip thc phmnn vic ch bin v bo qun rt quan trng.
trng thi sn phm c bo qun lu hn, d ng gi v vn chuyn i xa phc
v cho cc ngnh sn xut khc.
V cch bo qun ph bin nht hin nay c s dng l sy bng cc h thng sy
khc nhau. V trong n ny nhm em chn trnh by thit k hm sy khoai m.
u n
Tnh ton thit k my sy sy khoai m vi nng sut 1 tn/gi.
My sy: loi hm sy(Tuy-Nen)

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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

CHNG I : TNG QUAN


1.1 Tng quan v phng php sy
1.1.1 Bn cht ca sy
Sy l qu trnh lm bc hi nc ra khi vt liu bng nhit. Mc ch ca qu trnh
sy l lm gim khi lng ca vt liu, tng bn v bo qun c tt.
Trong qu trnh sy nc c cho bay hi nhit bt k do s khuch tn bi s
chnh lch m b mt v bn trong vt liu v bi s chnh lch p sut hi ring
phn ca nc ti b mt vt liu v mi trng chung quanh. Sy l qu trnh khng n
nh, m ca vt liu thay i theo khng gian v thi gian.
1.1.2 Phn loi
Phn loi cc phng php sy theo phng thc cung cp nhit:
Phng php sy i lu.
Phng php sy bc x.
Phng php sy tip xc.
Phng php sy bng in trng dng cao tn.
Phng php sy thng hoa.
1.1.3 Yu t nh hng n qu trnh sy
nh hng ca nhit khng kh: Trong cc iu kin khc nhau khng i nh
m khng kh, tc gi, vic nng cao nhit s lm tng nhanh tc sy. Nhng
nhit lm kh cao s lm nh hng ln n cht lng sn phm, d lm cho nguyn
liu b chn v gy nn s to mng cng lp b ngoi cn tr ti s chuyn ng ca
nc t lp bn trong ra b mt ngoi. Nhng vi nhit lm kh qu thp, di gii
hn cho php th qu trnh lm kh s chm li dn n s thi ra, hy hoi nguyn liu.
Khi sy nhng nhit khc nhau th nguyn liu c nhng bin i khc nhau. Nu
nhit cao hn na th nguyn liu c th b chy lm mt gi tr dinh dng v mt gi
tr cm quan ca sn phm.
nh hng ca tc chuyn ng khng kh: Tc chuyn ng ca khng kh c
nh hng ln n qu trnh sy, tc gi qu ln hoc qu nh u khng c li cho
qu trnh sy. V tc chuyn ng ca khng kh qu ln kh gi nhit lng trn
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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

nguyn liu cn bng qu trnh sy, cn tc qu nh s lm cho qu trnh sy chm


li. Hng gi cng nh hng rt ln n qu trnh lm kh, khi hng gi song song
vi b mt nguyn liu th tc lm kh rt nhanh.
nh hng ca m tng i ca khng kh. m tng i ca khng kh cng
l nhn t nh hng quyt nh n qu trnh lm kh, m ca khng kh cng ln th
qu trnh lm kh s chm li.
nh hng ca kch thc nguyn liu: Kch thc nguyn liu cng nh hng n
qu trnh sy. Nguyn liu cng b, cng mng th tc sy cng nhanh, nhng nu
nguyn liu c kch thc qu b v qu mng s lm cho nguyn liu b cong, d gy
v.
nh hng ca bn thn nguyn liu: Ty vo bn thn nguyn liu m ngi ta chn
ch lm kh cho ph hp, cn phi xt n thnh phn ha hc ca nguyn liu nh:
nc, lipit, protein, cht khong, Vitamin, kt cu t chc chc hay lng lo...
1.2 Cng ngh sy khoai m
1.2.1 Gii thiu v khoai m
Ngun gc: Khoai m c tn khoa hc l Manihot Esculenta (Grantz), l loi cy
lng thc pht trin cc vng c kh hu nhit i. Khoai m bt ngun t lu vc
sng Amazon pha Nam chu M. T th k 16, cy khoai m c trng chu ,
chu Phi v M Latinh. Vit Nam khoai m c trng t Bc vo Nam, nht l vng
trung du v vng ni. Nng sut bnh qun v khoai m nc ta vo khong 8-10 tn
c/ha.
Thnh phn cc cht: khoai m giu tinh bt, nhiu gluxit kh tiu, ngho cht bo,
mui khong, vitamin v nht l ngho m.
Bng 1: Thnh phn cc cht
Thnh phn

Nc

70.25

Tinh bt

21.45

Protein

1.12

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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M
Cellulose

1.10

ng

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

- Trong cc thnh phn dinh dng th tinh bt l c ngha hn c, v hm lng tinh


bt nhiu hay t ty thuc rt nhiu vo gi (thi gian thu hoch)
- Cu to: hnh gy, hai u vut nh li. Ty theo ging, iu kin canh tc, mu m
ca t m chiu di c dao ng khong 300-400mm, ng knh c 40-60mm. C gm
4 phn:
-V g (v la): l phn bao ngoi, mng, chim 0.5-3% khi lng ton c, thnh phn
ch yu l xenluloza, khng c tinh bt, gi cho c khi b tc ng t bn ngoi.
- V ci: chim 8-15% khi lng ton c, thnh phn ch yu l tinh bt, xenluloza,
hemixenluloza.
- Tht khoai m: l thnh phn ch yu, chim 77-94% khi lng ton c, thnh phn
ch yu l tinh bt, xenluloza, protein v mt s cht khc.
- Li: chim 0.3-0.4% khi lng ton c, trung tm, dc sut t cung n ui c,
thnh phn ch yu l xenluloza.
- Li ch:
Khoai m l loi cy trng c nhiu cng dng trong ch bin cng nghip, thc n gia
sc v ch bin lng thc, thc phm. nc ta , c khoai m dng ch bin tinh
bt, khoai m lt kh, bt khoai m hoc dng n ti, to ra nhiu sn phm cng
nghip: bt ngt, m n lin, xiro, glucose, ph gia dc phm v thc phm, k ngh
cht dnh, ru cn, mch nha.
Sn phm c khoai m c s dng mt phn nh di dng c ti, cn li c a
vo ch bin, gm 2 dng chnh: dng s ch thnh khoai m lt kh, khoai m dng vin
hoc tinh ch thnh bt.

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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

1.2.2 S v Thuyt minh qui trnh sy:


1.2.2.1 S qui trnh:

Hnh 1: S quy trnh cng ngh


-Thit b: thc hin qu trnh sy, ngi ta s dng h thng gm nhiu thit b chnh
v thit b ph. Trong n ny ta s dng cc loi thit b nh sau:
Thit b chnh

Thit b ph

Hm sy

Qut y

Xe gong

Caloripher
Qut ht
Ti ko

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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

1.2.2.2 Qui trnh sy c thuyt minh nh sau:


Nguyn liu: Khoai m c xp ln cc khay, cc khay ln lt c xp vo xe
gong. Cc xe gong c chuyn vo trong hm sy (v c b phn ti ko nn vic vn
chuyn xe gong vo hm s thun tin v d dng hn), ng ca hm, tc nhn sy
c a vo hm v qu trnh sy bt u. Sau mi 15 pht, m ca vo v ca ra ca
hm sy. Dng ti ko xe gong ra khi hm ng thi y mt xe gong mi vo hm.
Tip tc tin hnh nh vy sau 10 gi ta sy xong 1 m vi nng sut 1 tn khoai m/gi.
Tc nhn sy: Khng kh bn ngoi c a vo caloriphe nh qut y. Ti
caloriphe khng kh c t nng ln n nhit cn thit (caloriphe dng cht ti nhit
l hi nc). Sau khng kh c dn vo hm sy. Nhit khng kh ti u hm
sy sao cho ph hp vi vt liu em sy (phi nh hn nhit cao nht m vt liu c
th chu c). Trong hm sy, khng kh nng i xuyn qua cc l li ca khay ng
vt liu v tip xc u vi vt liu sy. m ca vt liu s bc hi nh nhit ca dng kh
nng trn. Qut ht c t cui hm sy ht tc nhn sy ra khi hm v a vo
cylone lng bi sau thy ra ngoi.
-Yu cu:
Vt liu phi m bo cht lng cao.
Sn phm thu c:
Mu sc: trng u, khng c m nu en trn b mt.
m: khng qu 15%, phi gin.
Phi sch tp cht, khng ln vi ct, t, bi bn
Tiu tn nng lng t v chi ph vn hnh thp.
1.2.3 Phng php v ch sy
- La chn phng php sy: Trong mi phng php sy s c nhiu phng thc khc
nhau. n sy ny phng php sy c s dng l cp nhit theo cch i lu (tc
l vic cp nhit cho vt m thc hin bng cch trao i nhit i lu (t nhin hay
cng bc), mi cht sy lm nhim v cp nhit.
- Chn ch sy: lin tc

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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

CHNG II: TNH TON CN BNG NHIT M CA H THNG SY


2.1 Cc thng s ban u
2.1.1 Vt liu sy
Nhit khoai m vo hm: 27 o C
Nhit khoai m ra khi hm: 43 o C
m ban u: w1=40%
m sau khi sy: w2=14%
Nhit sy: 1000C
m cn bng: wcb=8%
m ti hn: w

w1
40
wcb
8 30%
1.8
1.8

ng knh lt khoai m: d= 50mm = 0.05m


B dy lt khoai m: 10mm = 0.01m
2.1.2 Tc nhn sy: khngkh
- Trng thi A: Trc khi vo Caloripher
Khng kh ti Tp. HCM c to = 27 o C c m tng i 82%
- Trng thi B: Trc khi vo hm: chn nhit sy t =1000C.
-

Trng thi C: Sau khi ra khi hm

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GVHD: o Thanh Kh

THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

H2=36,5

t2=100B
0

0.8
1

t3=43
t1=27

H0=17,5

d0=18,4

d2=42

Hnh 2: th H-x ca khng kh m


-

Tra gin Ramdzin ( th H-x ca khng kh m) ta c:

Bng 2: Thng s trng thi


Cc thng s

Cc trng thi
A

m tng i (%)

82

68

Nhit (0C)

27

100

43

p sut ring phn Ph (mmHg)

21

21

47,5

p sut bo ha Pb(mmHg)

22,5

50

50

Enthanpy H(KJ/Kgkkk)

17,5

36,5

36,5

Hm lng hi m d (g/kgkkk)

18,4

18,4

43

Khi chn nhit sy l 1000C th tra gin ta c nhit bu t khong 37,50C


nh hn nhit b mt ca vt liu s khng lm chy vt liu trong qu trnh sy.
Thi gian sy: 10h/m.
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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

2.2. Tnh ton


2.2.1 Tnh cn bng vt cht:
Khi lng vt liu sy vo thit b:
100 w2
100 14
1000
1433 (kg / h)
100 w1
100 40

[3]

Lng m bc hi: W= G1 G2 = 1433 - 1000 = 433 (kg/h)

[3]

G1 G2

Nng sut nguyn liu cho 1 m:

G0 G1 * 1433 *10 14330 ( kg / me )

[3]

Lng khng kh cn thit lm bc hi 1kg m vt liu:

1
1

40 ,65 (kgkkk/ kgam)


d 2 d 0 0,043 0,0184

[3]

Lng khng kh kh tn tht:

L W l 433 40,65 17601,45(kgkkk/ h)

[3]

2.2.2 Tnh cn bng nng lng


Da vo th H-d ta tra c cc thng s:
d1 = 18,4 (g/kgkkk)
d2 = 43 (g/kgkkk)
H0 = 17,5 (kcal/kgkkk)
H2 = 36,5(kcal/kgkkk)
Nhit lng cn thit lm bc hi 1kg m trong qu trnh sy l thuyt:

H2 Ho
4,18 1000
d2 d0

36,5 17,5
4,18 1000 3228,46(kJ / kgam)
43 18,4

[4]

Nhit lng cn thit lm bc hi 1kg m trong 1 gi:


Q = q x W = 3228,46 x 433 = 1397921,14 (kJ/h) = 388,3(kJ/s) = 388,3 (KW)

[4]

Nhit lng tn tht ra mi trng trong 1s:


QMT = 10% x Q = 10% x 388,3 = 38,83 (KW)

[4]
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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

Nhit lng ca caloriphe:


QC = Q + QMT = 388,3 + 38,83 = 427,13 (KW) = 427130(W)

[4]

2.2.3 Tnh thit b chnh:


2.2.3.1 Xe gong:
- Chn kch thc xe gong:
Chiu cao ton b ca xe: hx = 1,6m
Chiu cao lm vic ca xe: h1 = 1,4
Chiu di xe: lx = 2m
Chiu rng xe: bx = 1,5m
- Tnh s khay trong mi xe gong:
Khong cch gia 2 tng khay: h2 = 0,05m
S tng khay trong 1 xe: n

h1
1,4

28 (tng khay)
h2 0,05

Hnh 3: xe sy
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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

S khay trong 1 tng: m = 1 khay


S khay trong 1 xe gong: s = m * n = 1* 28 = 28 (khay)
- Lng khoai m trn mi xe gong, mi khay cha 15kg khoai m:
gv = 28 * 15 = 420 (kg khoai m/xe)
-S xe gong cn cho 1 m sy:
-Tnh khi lng xe gong:
+Khi lng khung xe:
Cn 4 thanh ng 1,4m; 4 thanh ngang 2m; 4 thanh dc 1,5m. Cc thanh lm bng
inox 304, c kch thc 30 30 1,5mm
Khi lng thc t 1m inox 304 nng 0,7kg
Khung xe gong nng: 0,7*(4*1,4+4*2+4*1,5) = 13,72kg
Khi lng bnh xe gong: 12,08kg. Khi lng bnh xe gong ng knh 70 nng
2kg km 2 bi, mi nng 0,5kg, 1 ming cao su chu va p 0,02kg/ming. Vy mi
bnh nng 3,02kg, mi xe c 4 bnh nn nng 12,08kg.
2.2.3.2 Khi lng khay:
Khung khay lm bng inox 304 kch thc 15*15*2mm c 2 thanh di 1,95m v 2 thanh
ngang 1,43m
Khi lng thc t 1m inox 304 nng 0,7kg
Tng khi lng khung khay l: 0,7* ( 2 * 1,43 + 2 * 1,93) = 4,7kg
Mi khay c tm li y, kch thc l 20 20 mm, lm bng inox, kch thc tm li
1,43*1,93m; khi lng 1,2kg/tm.
Khi lng 1 khay: Gk = 4,7 +1,2 = 5,904 (kg)
Tng khi lng khay trn 1 xe = 28 * 5,904 = 165,3(kg)
Khi lng 1 xe gong cha ch khoai m: 13,72 + 12,08 + 165,312 = 191,1(kg)
Khi lng 1 xe gong c ch khoai m: 191,1 + 420 = 611,1(kg)
2.2.3 Hm sy:
-Chiu di hm sy: Lh = nx * lx + L1 + L2

[1]

Vi L1 l khong cch 2 xe, L2 l khong cch 2 u hm, thng ly L1+ L2=0,5lx


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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

Vy Lh = 35 * 2 + 0,5 * 2 = 71(m)
-Chiu rng hm sy: Bh bx 2b1 1,5 2 0, 05 1, 6 (m)

[1]

b1: khong trng bn hng xe ti vch tng.


-Chiu cao hm sy: Hh = hh + Hx = 1,6 + 0,1 = 1,7 (m)

[1]

Hx : l khong trng t xe ti trn


Hm sy c xy bng gch c chiu dy 1 = 0,3m; 2 lp h va mi lp dy
2 3 0,025 m ph 2 bn lp gch.

-Chiu rng ph b ca hm:


B B h 2 ( 1 2 2 ) 1,6 2 (0,3 2 0,025 ) 2,3(m)

[1]

Chiu di ph b ca hm: L = 1,9 + 2 x (0,3 + 2 x 0.025) = 2,6m


Trn hm sy c lp btng dy 4 0,35 m
- Chiu cao ph b ca hm: H H h 3 = 1,9 + 0,35 = 2,25 (m)

[1]

CHNG 4: TNH V CHN THIT B PH


4.1 Tnh Caloripher
Caloriher l thit b dng t nng khng kh trc khi a khng kh vo hm sy.
Trong k thut sy thng dng 2 loi caloripher: caloripher kh-hi v caloripher kh
khi. y ta sy khoai m bng hm sy vi nhit tc nhn sy khng qu 120 o C nn
ta chn loi caloripher kh-hi.
Caloripher kh-hi l thit b trao i nhit c vch ngn. Trong ng l hi bo ha ngng
t, ngoi ng l khng kh chuyn ng. Do h s trao i nhit khi ngng t ca hi nc
n rt ln so vi h s trao i nhit i lu gia mt ngoi ca ng vi khng kh k . V

vy, pha khng kh thng c lm cnh tng cng truyn nhit. Hi nc trong
ng c p sut 1 at; nhit bo ha ca hi nc l th= 110 o C .
chnh lch trung bnh :

trang 15

THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

t log

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

t max t min
t
ln max
t min

[4]

t max t h t v 110 27 830 C


t min t l t r 110 100 100 C
Vi t0, t1 l nhit khng kh vo v ra khi caloripher.

t log

t max t min 83 10

34,4950 C
t max
83
ln
ln
10
t min
t
Th =1100C
Tr = 100 0C
Tv = 27 0C
F

Hnh 4: th biu din nhit


+Caloripher c ng lm bng inox 304 c:
H s dn nhit inox 304 25W / mK
ng knh trong d1 = 48mm = 0,048m
ng knh ngoi d2 = 50mm = 0,05m
Chiu di ng l = 1,5m
Bc ng ngang s1 = 0,1m
Bc ng dc s2 = 0,1m
+Do c th tnh h s truyn nhit qua ng ng vi b mt khng lm cnh F1 theo
cng thc tnh h s truyn nhit qua vch phng:

trang 16

THIT B SY HM KHOAI M
K

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

[4]

1 304 2 c
1

Vi:
- inox 25W / mK
- 0,5 (d 2 d1 ) 0,001 m
-c 1
- 1 : h s ta nhit ca hi nc vo ng, W/m2
- 2 : h s ta nhit ta nhit t thnh ngoi ng ra khng kh, W/m2.
-Tnh 1 :
1

Nu1 hoinuoc

[2]

d1

Tiu chun Reynold:


Re

. d 1

[2]

1 : vn tc lu lng dng nng: = 5m/s


1 0,272 10 6 m 2 / s nht dng nng ti 1100C

Vy Re 1

1 d1
5 0,048

882353 10000
1
0,272 10 6

Do ch chy trong ng l chy ri nn


Nu1 0,021 Re 0,8 PrF

0, 43

PrF

PrV

1,60
Nu1 0,021 8823530,8 1,60 0, 43
1397,4
1,68
[[[[

PrF =1,6 ti 1100C v Prv =1,68 ti 1050C tra bng 7

[1]

Nu1 hoinuoc 1397,4 68,5 10 2


1

19942,1(W / mK )
d1
0,048

hi nc = 68,5(W/mK): h s truyn nhit ca nc ti 1100C

Chun s Reynold
trang 17

THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

2 d 2
25 0,05

64817 ,4
2
19 ,285 10 6

Re 2

2 25 (m / s)
2 = 19,285 x 10-6 m2/s ti 63,50C

Nu2 = 0,018 * Re20,8

[ 2]

Nu2 = 0,018 * 64817,40,8 = 127,24


Tnh 2

Nu 2 KK 127,24 2,851102

72,55(W / mK )
d2
0,05

kk = 2,851 x 10-2 (W/mK): h s truyn nhit ca khng kh ti nhit trung bnh:


-

63,50C
Tnh h s K

1
1

304 2 c

1
72 ,1(W / m 2 K )
1
0,001
1

19942 ,1
25
72 ,55 1

+Din tch b mt trong ca cc ng:


F

Q
427130

171,7(m 2 )
K t log 72,1 34,495

[2]

+Tng s ng trong caloripher:


n

F
171,7

744 ( ' ng )
d tb l 3.14 0,049 1,5

+ dtb: ng knh trung bnh ca 1 ng: dtb = 0,049 m


+S hng ng: Z

n 744

27(hng) , vi m = 28: s ng trong mi hng.


m 28

+Kch thc calorpher


-

chiu di caloriphe: lcaloriphe = 28 * 0.1 + 0.1= 2,9(m)

chiu rng caloriphe: bcaloriphe = 27 * 0,1 + 0,1 = 2,8(m)

trang 18

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

4.2 Tnh v chn qut


Qut l thit b vn chuyn tc nhn sy trong h thng sy. chn loi qut c s hiu
hiu bao nhiu cn phi xc nh c:
Tr lc m qut phi khc phc
Nng sut ca qut Q.
A, B, C l trng thi ca khng kh khi vo caloripher, khi vo hm sy v khi ra khi hm
sy.

A , B , C l khi lng ring ca khng kh ng vi cc trng thi trn.


A , B , C l nht ng hc ca khng kh ng vi cc trng thi trn.

Q A , Q B , Q C l nng sut ca qut ca qut ng vi cc trng thi trn ca khng kh.

Nng sut qut tnh theo cng thc sau: Q

[thy Trn Vn Ph]

L= 17601,45(kgkkk/h): lng khng kh kh cn


Bng 4: Bng tm tt
thi t(oC)

Trng

3
(kgm )

(m /s)

Q (m3/h)

khng kh
A

27

1,177

15,72.10-6

14954,5

100

0,946

23,13.10-6

18606,18

43

1,0125

17,257.10-6

17384,15

4.2.1. Tnh p sut ton phn:

P PC PO PS PX P

- Trong tr lc qua caloriphe l PC , tr lc qua thit b sy l PS , tr lc qua thit b


lc bi l PX , tr lc ng ng PO , p sut ng l P
+ p sut ng l P :
P


2 g

1,293 25
1,57 (mmHg ) 209 ,3Pa
2 9,81

[3]

0 = 1,293kg/m3 khi lng ring ca khng kh ti iu kin tiu chun.


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GVHD: o Thanh Kh

THIT B SY HM KHOAI M
g = 9,81(m/s2): gia tc trng trng.
+ Tr lc qua caloriphe l PC :
PC

2 Z
2

: H s tr khng

=1,049kg/m3 : Khi lng ring ca khng kh tra nhit 63,50C


Z: S hng ng trong caloriphe
0,72 Re

0 , 245

0,72 61942,5

s1 d 2 2

0,9

0 , 245

s d2
1
d2

0,1 0,05 2

0,9

0,9

d
TB
d2

0,1 0,05

0,05

0,9

0,9

s d2
1
s2 d 2

0,049

0,05

0,9

0 ,1

0,1 0,05

0,1 0,05

0 ,1

0,09

PC

2 Z
2

25 2 1,049 31
0,09
914 ,5Pa
2

+Tr lc qua thit b sy l PS :


Lh 2
Pa
PS ms
d td 2

[5]

ms :H s ma st

dt: ng knh tng ng ca hm sy


0,015m : nhm ca hm sy

1.025kg / m3 : Khi lng ring ca khng kh tra 71,50C


Chn tc dng kh trong hm S 3m / s
d t

ms

2 Bh H h 2 1,6 1,9

1,74 m
Bh H h
1,6 1,9


0,1
d t

0 , 25

0,015
0,1

1,74

0 , 25

0,03

trang 20

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

PS ms

Lh 2
71 32 1,025
0,03
5,65Pa
d td 2
1,74 2

+ Tr lc ng ng PO :

P0 1 2 3 4 5

[3]

2g

1 : H s tr khng t m vo caloriphe
2

f
R2

1 1 1
l
F
caloriphe bcaloriphe

1 3,14 0,5

3.2 3,2

0,9

2 :H s tr khng t thu ra caloriphe


f
0,08
F

Da vo bng ph lc 8 ta c 2 = 0,24

[3]

3 : H s tr khng t m vo hm sy

f
3 1
Fh

R2
1

Bh H h

0,001

4 0,04 H s tr khng t thu ra khi hm sy


5 0,8 : H s tr khng ng cong vo qut ht
P0 1 2 3 4 5

0 2

2g
1,293 25
0,9 0,24 0,001 0,04 0,8
2,57Pa
2 9,81

+ Tr lc qua thit b lc bi l PX :
PX

q2 k
2

[1]

Chn q 2,2m / s
k 1,128 kg / m 3 khi lng ring ca khng kh ti 400C

60 tra bng III.4 QTTB tp 1

[1]
trang 21

THIT B SY HM KHOAI M
PX

q2 k
2

60

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

2,2 1,128
74 ,45 ( Pa )
2

Vy tng tr lc:
P PC PO PS PX P 914 ,5 2,57 5,65 74 ,45 209 ,3 1206 ,47 ( Pa )

Cng sut qut tnh theo m lc:


N k

L 0 P
17601 ,45 1,293 1206 ,47
1,1
158 ,4 HP
2
3600 75 1,177 0,6
3600 75 q

[3]

k= 1,1 : h s d phng.
q 0,6 hiu sut qut.

1,177 kg / m 3 khi lng ring khng kh ti 270C

4.2.2 Tnh lu lng th tch tc nhn sy


- Cng sut nhit v lng hi cn thit:
- Th tch TNS sau khi ra khi hm sy: vi thng s t2 = 430C v 2 = 80% tra ph lc 5
sch thit k v tnh ton h thng sy ca Trn Vn Ph ta c th tch vc = 0,999m3/
kgkkk. Do lu lng th tch tc nhn sy sau hm sy :
Vc = L* vc = 17601,45 * 0,999 = 17583,4 (m3/h)
-

[3]

Th tch TNS trc khi vo hm sy: vi thng s t2 = 100 0C 2 = 3% tra ph lc 5


sch thit k v tnh ton h thng sy ca Trn Vn Ph ta c th tch vB = 0.8042m3/
kgkkk. Do lu lng th tch tc nhn sy trc khi vo hm sy :
VB = L * vB = 17601,45 * 0,8042 =14155 (m3/h)
-

[3]

Lu lng th tch trung bnh i trong hm sy


V= 0,5 (VB + VC ) = 0,5(17583,4 + 14155) = 15869 (m3/h)

[3]

Nng sut qut cn p ng: V= 15869 (m3/ h) [tttkhts]


Theo th II-67 trang 496 ta chn qut li tm II7-40 N08 c:
-

Hiu sut V 0,6

104rad / s

Tc vng ca bnh gung: 43 m/s

Theo bng II-54 chn qut hng trc 4 cnh loi M N07

[1]

[1]

trang 22

THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

4.3 Tnh v chn ng c ko ti


Trng lng ca 1 xe gong c ch khoai m: 611,1 *10 =6111 (N)
Trng lng ca 16 xe gong : Po=6111 * 35 = 213885 (N)
Ta xem tng cc lc cn bng 5% trng lng xe: Pc=0,05 * 213885 =10694,25 (N)
Tng lc ko ca ng c: P = Po + Pc = 213885 + 10694,25 = 324579,25 (N)
Cng sut ca ng c: N d

Pv
324579 ,25 12

811,4( KW ) 1088 HP
60000 d
60000 0,85

[2]

vi v = 12 vng/pht: vn tc xe gong

Hnh 5: ng c ko ti
4.4 Chn Xicln:
- Lu lng th tch trung bnh i trong hm sy V = 16540,88 (m3/ h)
- Chn xiclon: = 0,6 x V = 16540,88 x 0,6 = 9924,5 (m3/h)
- Chn Xicln c kch thc:
+ ng knh: D = 1 m
+ Chiu rng tit din dn vo xicln: a = 0,25m
+ Chiu di tit din knh dn vo xicln: b = 0,5m
+ ng knh phn b nht ca phu: d = 0,2m
+ Chiu di phn ng trung tm cm vo Xicln: h1 = 0,33m
+ Chiu cao ca phn hnh tr ca Xicln: h2 = 0,458m
trang 23

THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

+ Chiu cao phu: h3 = 0,8m


+ ng knh ng trung tm: D1 = 0,5m
+ D-a: 0,75m

[4]

Hnh 6: Xicln

trang 24

THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

KT LUN
Cc tnh ton trn y khng trnh khi cc sai s do nhiu nguyn nhn. Do n
ch c tnh tham kho trc khi tin hnh xy dng thc t.
Khi xy dng trong thc t s c nhiu nguyn nhn tc ng khc m ta khng th
lng trc c. Nhng cng ty trng hp m ta s linh ng sp xp sao cho ph
hp vi qu trnh sy.
H thng ny c nhc im l ch p dng tt cho iu kin min Nam Vit Nam
do iu kin kh hu, nu em p dng cho cc vng c kh hu qu khc bit s khng
th s dng c.

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THIT B SY HM KHOAI M

GVHD: o Thanh Kh

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] PGS-TSKH Trn Xoa, TS Nguyn Trng Khung, S tay qu trnh thit b cng
ngh ha cht tp 1, NXB Khoa Hc v K Thut H Ni.
[2] PGS-TSKH Trn Xoa, TS Nguyn Trng Khung, S tay qu trnh thit b cng
ngh ha cht tp 2, NXB Khoa Hc v K Thut H Ni.
[3] Trn Vn Ph,Tnh ton v thit k h thng sy, NXB Gio Dc
[4] TS.o Thanh Kh, Bi ging k thut thc phm 2 NXB i hc Cng
Nghip TP. HCM.
[5] Phan Vn Thm, s tay thit k thit b ha cht v ch bin thc phm a
dng, B Gio Dc v o To Vin o To M Rng.
[6] Nguyn Th Phng L Song Giang c lu cht, lu hnh ni b i Hc
Bch Khoa TPHCM.

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