Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.

vn Chuyn SWAT
Phn chia lu vc trong SWAT
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Trnh by: Nguyn Duy Lim
Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.vn
Ni dung
L thuyt
Mt s thut ng v lu vc
Cu trc lu vc trong SWAT
Phng php phn chia lu vc trong SWAT
Thc hnh
Phn chia lu vc bng cng c Hydrology (ArcGIS)
Phn chia lu vc bng cng c ArcSWAT (ArcGIS)
Nhn xt, so snh
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Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.vn
Mt s thut ng
Lu vc
Lu vc l mt vng t (c gii hn bi ng phn thy)
n nhn nc ri v hi t dng chy v mt im chung no
thuc mt thc th cha nc c th nh sng, sui, m
ly, h.
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Lu vc
(tiu lu vc)
Ranh gii lu vc
(ng phn thy)
im
u ra
Trong mi lu vc c th bao
gm nhiu lu vc nh hn
(gi l tiu lu vc).
Lu vc c xc nh da
trn ng ranh gii ca n.
Ranh gii lu vc l mt
ng khp kn v theo ng
phn thy mt tnh t im u
ra ca lu vc.
Dng chy
(sng, sui)
Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.vn
Mt s thut ng
im u ra ca lu vc
L im thot nc ch yu ca lu vc tnh t im tr ln.
Chng hn nh:
im x nc chnh ca mt p thy in,
im thu nc ca mt nh my cp nc sch hoc c s sn xut
cng nghip c s dng nc trc tip t ngun nc.
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Mt s thut ng
M hnh s ho cao
M hnh s ho cao (DEM) l s th hin di dng s s thay
i lin tc ca cao trong khng gian.
DEM l mt trong nhng d liu u vo ca cc qu trnh x l
s liu lin quan n xc nh ranh gii lu vc.
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Cu trc lu vc trong SWAT
Trong SWAT, lu vc c chia thnh cc tiu lu vc,
trong mi tiu lu vc c chia thnh cc n v thy
vn (HRUs).
Lu vc (Basin)
Tiu lu vc (Subbasin)
n v thy vn (Hydrological Response Unit)
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Cu trc lu vc trong SWAT
Lu vc, Tiu lu vc, Dng chy
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Cu trc lu vc trong SWAT
n v thy vn
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Lu vc
Tiu lu vc
n v thy vn
Th nhng
S dng t
dc
DEM
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Cu trc lu vc trong SWAT
n v thy vn
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Cu trc lu vc trong SWAT
n v thy vn
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Cu trc lu vc trong SWAT
S phn chia ny gip ngi s dng c th p dng kt
qu nghin cu ca mt vng ny vo mt vng khc khi
chng c s tng ng nht nh.
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Phng php phn chia lu vc, tiu lu vc
Xy dng DEM
M hnh DEM c th c
xy dng t bn a hnh.
Kch thc li (grid cell)
ph thuc vo quy m lu
vc v t l bn a hnh,
tuy nhin, thng dao ng
trong khong t 10 100m.
Trong trng hp nu m
hnh s ha cao c sn
th trc khi s dng cn
kim tra tnh ph hp ca cc
thng tin c bn, bao gm
kch thc li v h quy
chiu.
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Phng php phn chia lu vc, tiu lu vc
Hiu chnh DEM
M hnh DEM nu cha hiu chnh c th c mt s li v nhng
im li hoc lm khng mong mun.
V vy, cn hiu chnh d liu ny, c th bng vic s dng hm
Fill trong cng c Hydrology ca ArcGIS.
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Phng php phn chia lu vc, tiu lu vc
Xc nh hng dng chy
Hng dng chy cho mt im
bt k trong lu vc c xc
nh trn c s so snh
chnh cao ca im vi 8
im xung quanh.
Hng dng chy c xc
nh l hng ti im c
chnh cao chia cho khong
cch ln nht. Qu trnh tnh
ton c lp li xc nh
hng dng chy cho ton b
cc im trong lu vc.
Bn hng dng chy c th
c xc nh t ng trong
cc phn mm GIS t m hnh
DEM c hiu chnh.
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Phng php phn chia lu vc, tiu lu vc
Tnh ton s tch ly dng chy
S tch ly dng chy cho mt
no trong khu vc trn nn m
hnh DEM c xc nh bng
cch tnh tng s li tp trung
nc v theo hng dng
chy.
S tch ly dng chy c th c
xc nh t ng trong cc phn
mm GIS t bn hng dng
chy.
Bn tch ly dng chy cng
chnh l bn sng sui ca lu
vc trong iu kin t nhin.
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1
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Phng php phn chia lu vc, tiu lu vc
M phng mng li dng chy
Mng li dng chy ca lu vc trn nn m hnh DEM c
xc nh bng cch thit lp ngng gi tr cho dng chy tch
ly. Khi , nhng li no c s dng chy tch ly ln hn
gi tr ngng trn th s c m phng.
Hnh nh di y minh ha mng li dng chy ca lu vc
khi thit lp gi tr ngng ln hn 3 li.
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Phng php phn chia lu vc, tiu lu vc
Phn nh ranh gii lu vc
Hin th ta im u ra ca lu vc ln bn tch ly dng
chy, sau s dng chc nng chuyn dng trong cc phn
mm GIS v t ng ranh gii lu vc. Din tch, hnh dng v
cc c trng c bn khc ca lu vc s c xc nh d dng
t bn ranh gii ca lu vc.
Bn ranh gii ca lu vc cn hin th r to im u ra,
c cu trc d liu vector di dng vng (Polygon), c Trng
ch din tch theo n v ha c lm trn n mt ch s sau
du phy.
Bn ranh gii lu vc sau khi c to ra t cc qu trnh trn
phi c kim tra nh gi trong thc t v ch c thc hin
mt ln trong iu kin khng c nhng bin ng ln v a hnh
trong khu vc.
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Phng php phn chia n v thy vn
C ba ty chn xc nh s phn b HRU
Dominant HRU mt HRU cho ton b lu vc,
Dominant Landuse, Soil, Slope" mt HRU cho mi tiu lu vc,
Multiple HRUs nhiu HRU cho mi tiu lu vc.
Ty chn (1), (2): xc nh gi tr ph bin nht (chim
din tch ln nht) cho s dng t, t v dc.
Ty chn (3): xc nh ngng gi tr cho s dng t,
t v dc.
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Th nhng
S dng t
dc
Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.vn
Phng php phn chia n v thy vn
V d 1: Cho tiu lu vc c cc c im nh bng sau:
Nu chn ty chn Dominant Landuse, Soil, Slope",
HRU ca tiu lu vc s c gn loi hnh s dng t,
th nhng, dc no?
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S dng t Th nhng dc
35% t trng bp
30% ng c
21% rng
9% t trng cy n qu
5% t th c
50% t ph sa
30% t feralit
20% t mn
55% dc 0 0.6%
40% dc 0.6 1.5%
5% dc 1.5 99.99%
Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.vn
Phng php phn chia n v thy vn
p n v d 1
HRUs: t trng bp/t ph sa/0 0.6%
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Phng php phn chia n v thy vn
V d 2: Cho tiu lu vc (din tch l 100ha) c cc c
im nh bng sau:
Bit rng nu dng ty chn Multiple HRUs vi gi tr
ngng l 0% i vi s dng t, th nhng, dc,
tiu lu vc trn s c 4 HRUs vi din tch nh sau:
t la/t ph sa/ dc 0-5%: 45ha (45%)
ng c/t feralit/ dc 5-99.99%: 30ha (20%)
rng/t ph sa/ dc 0-5%: 5ha (5%)
rng/t mn/ dc 0-5%: 20ha (20%)
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S dng t Th nhng dc
45ha (45%) t la
30ha (30%) ng c
25ha (25%) rng
50ha (50%) t ph sa
30ha (30%) t feralit
20ha (20%) t mn
70ha (55%) dc 0-5%
30ha (40%) dc 5-9.99%
Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.vn
Phng php phn chia n v thy vn
Vi ty chn Multiple HRUs vi gi tr ngng l 27%
i vi s dng t, th nhng, dc cho tiu lu
vc trn,
Cho bit c bao nhiu HRUs c to ra v din tch ca tng
HRUs (theo ha, t l %)?
Tnh ton li din tch cc loi hnh s dng t, th nhng,
dc trn tiu lu vc (theo ha, t l %)?
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Phng php phn chia n v thy vn
p n v d 2: Xc nh s lng HRUs c to ra v
din tch ca tng HRUs
Do rng v t mn chim t l di ngng 27% nn nhng
HRUs cha t nht mt trong hai loi ny s b loi b. Khi , s
lng HRUs ch cn l 2.
t la/t ph sa/ dc 0-5%: 45ha (45%)
ng c/t feralit/ dc 5-99.99%: 30ha (20%)
rng/t ph sa/ dc 0-5%: 5ha (5%)
rng/t mn/ dc 0-5%: 20ha (20%)
Din tch ca tng HRUs c tnh ton li nh sau:
t la/t ph sa/ dc 0-5%: 45ha (45%) 45+(45/75)*25= 60ha
(60%)
ng c/t feralit/ dc 5-99.99%: 30ha (20%) 30+(30/75)*25= 40ha
(40%)
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Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.vn
Phng php phn chia n v thy vn
p n v d 2: Tnh ton din tch cc loi hnh s dng
t, th nhng, dc ca tiu lu vc
Da trn din tch HRUs c gi li, din tch cc loi hnh s
dng t, th nhng, dc ca tiu lu vc c thng k li
nh bng sau:
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S dng t Th nhng dc
60ha (60%) t la
40ha (40%) ng c
60ha (60%) t ph sa
40ha (40%) t feralit
60ha (60%) dc 0-5%
40ha (40%) dc 5-9.99%
Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.vn
Thc hnh
Phn chia lu vc bng cng c Hydrology (ArcGIS)
Phn chia lu vc bng cng c ArcSWAT (ArcGIS)
Nhn xt, so snh
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Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.vn
Phn chia lu vc bng cng c Hydrology (ArcGIS)
Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcGIS bao gm cc bc sau:
DEM
Fill DEM
Flow Direction
Flow Accumulation
Stream Line
Stream Link/ Snap Pour Point
Watershed
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Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcGIS
To DEM t bn a hnh
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TIN
DEM
Bn a hnh
(ng ng mc)
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Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcGIS
Hiu chnh DEM
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DEM Fill DEM
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Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcGIS
Flow Direction
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Flow Direction Fill DEM
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Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcGIS
Flow Accumulation
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Flow Accumulation Flow Direction
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Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcGIS
Stream Line
Con("flowacc" >= 100,1)
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Stream Line
Flow Accumulation
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Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcGIS
Stream Link/ Snap Pour Point
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Stream Link
Stream Line
Flow Direction
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Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcGIS
Watershed
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Watershed
Flow Direction
Stream Link
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Kt qu
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Kt qu
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Kt qu
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Phn chia lu vc trong ArcSWAT
Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcSWAT bao gm cc bc
sau:
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DEM Setup
Stream
Definition
Outlet and Inlet
Definition
Watershed
Outlet(s)
Selection and
Definition
Calculation of
Subbasin
Parameters
Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.vn
Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcSWAT
DEM Setup
Load the DEM:
Ti DEM t a hoc t bn trong
ArcMap
DEM projection setup
Khai bo n v cao thnh mt
Define Mask (optional)
nh ngha khu vc cn m phng
Burn in a stream network (optional)
S dng mng li dng chy c sn
m phng lu vc
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Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.vn
Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcSWAT
Stream Definition
DEM-based
S dng DEM m phng lu vc
Flow direction and accumulation
Tnh ton hng dng chy v dng
chy tch ly
Area
Thit lp ngng din tch tiu lu
vc (ha)
Stream network
To mng li dng chy, ca x
Pre-defined streams and watersheds
S dng mng li dng chy, tiu
lu vc c sn
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Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcSWAT
Outlet and Inlet Definition
Subbasin outlet
Add by Table (optional): Thm
ca x s dng bng
Add/Delete/Redefine (optional):
Thm/xa/di chuyn ca x th
cng
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Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcSWAT
Watershed Outlet(s) Selection
and Definition
Whole watershed outlet(s)
La chn 1 hay nhiu ca x lu vc
Cancel selection
Hy b vic la chn ca x
Delineate watershed
Tin hnh phn nh lu vc
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Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcSWAT
Calculation of Subbasin Parameters
Reduced Report Output (Optional)
B qua thng k a hnh cp tiu lu
vc
Skip Stream Geometry Check
(Optional)
B qua vic kim tra hnh hc ca dng
chy
Skip Longest Flow Path Calculation
(Optional)
B qua tnh ton ng dng chy di
nht
Calculate Subbasin Parameters
Tnh ton cc thng s ca tiu lu vc
Adding or Delete Reservoir (Optional)
Thm/xa h cha
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Tin trnh thc hin trong ArcSWAT
Hon tt tin trnh phn nh lu vc
Click nt Exit hon tt ton b qu trnh phn nh lu vc
Kt qu
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Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.vn
Nhn xt, so snh
Phn chia lu vc bng cng c Hydrology (ArcGIS)
D liu u vo
Thut ton s dng
Tin trnh thao tc
Kt qu u ra
Phn chia lu vc bng cng c ArcSWAT (ArcGIS)
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Copyright 2013 | nguyenduyliem@hcmuaf.edu.vn
Cu hi n tp
Tm hiu cc ni dung trong bn a hnh
Tm hiu l thuyt v m hnh TIN, DEM
Tm hiu mi lin h gia t l bn v phn gii
raster
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