BI 1: PHP TH PHN BIT

PHP TH TAM GIC

1.1.Gii thiu v php th phn bit
1.1.1 Mc ch ca nhm php th phn bit
Nhm php th phn bit l nhng phng php ph bin nht c s
dng trong khoa hc cm quan. Cc php th ny c s dng khi mun xc
nh xem c hay khng s khc bit gia hai sn phm. Ty thuc vo php th,
ngi th c th nhn c hai hay nhiu mu th. Kim nh thng k ngha
c s dng phn tch d liu v kt lun cc sn phm c xem l khc
nhau hay tng t nhau.
Nhm php th phn bit thng c s dng khi hai sn phm c s
khc bit rt nh, kh nhn thy v mt hay nhiu tnh cht cm quan. Nu s
khc nhau gia cc sn phm l rt ln v r rng th lc cc php th phn
bit khng cn tc dng. Cc php th ny l phng php nhanh, c th thc
hin vi hi ng chuyn gia hay hi ng cha qua hun luyn. Tuy nhin, mt
hi ng khng nn gm c hai dng ngi th. Nhm php th phn bit c th
p dng trong nhng trng hp sau:
Sng lc v hun luyn ngi th
Xc nh ngng cm gic
nh gi li h hng
m bo cht lng / qun l cht lng (QA/QC)
nh gi hiu qu khi thay i thnh phn hoc quy trnh sn xut (v
d
nh gim chi ph hoc thay i nh cung cp)
nh gi s b.
Cc php th phn bit ch c th ch ra c s khc nhau c ngha gia hai
hay nhiu sn phm m khng ch ra c mc khc nhau cng nh sn
phm no c a thch hn.
Nhm php th phn bit gm nhiu php th nh: php th tam gic, php th
2-3, php th A not A, php th 2-AFC, 3-AFC,
1.2. Gii thiu v php th tam gic:
1.2.1.Mc ch v phm vi p dng ca php th:
Mc ch ca php th tam gic l xc nh xem c s khc nhau tng th
v tnh cht cm quan gia 2 mu sn phm hay khng.
Php th tam gic thng p dng trong nhng trng hp khng c mu
sn phm no quen thuc vi thnh vin hi ng hn.
i vi php th tam gic, ngi th cn c hun luyn hiu r
cng vic c m t trong phiu nh gi cm quan, nhng h khng cn c
hun luyn nh gi cc c tnh cm quan c th.
Php th tam gic l mt phng php hiu qu trong vic xc nh c
hay khng s khc nhau ca cc sn phm khi thay i thnh phn s dng, quy
trnh sn xut, bao gi hay tn tr sn phm. Ngoi ra php th ny cn p dng
sng lc v hun luyn ngi th.
1.2.2.Nguyn tc thc hin:
Ngi th nhn c ng thi 3 mu th c m ha v sp xp
theo trt t ngu nhin, trong c 2 mu ging nhau v 1 mu khc 2 mu kia.
Ngi th c yu cu th theo trt t xc nh v ch ra mu no khc 2 mu
cn li (hoc 2 mu no ging nhau).
Nhng dng thng thng ca phiu nh gi cm quan l yu cu ngi
th cho bit mu no khc 2 mu cn li. H cng c th c yu cu m t s
khc bit ny (nu cn).
Nc thanh v c s dng gia cc mu th. Cc mu th c gn m
s gm 3 ch s
1.2.3.Thit k th nghim:
Php th tam gic c 6 trt t trnh by mu:
AAB BAB
ABA BBA
BAA ABB
1.2.4.Phng php x l kt qu:
i vi php th tam gic, sau khi thu thp kt qu t phiu tr li ca
ngi th, ngi thc hin th nghim cn thng k s cu tr li ng. Tra
bng S cu tr li ng ti thiu cho php th tam gic ( Ph lc 4, trang 135
sch K thut phn tch cm quan thc phm H Duyn T).
S cu tr li ng thu nhn c ca ngi th phi s liu tra trong
bng tng ng vi s ngi th th mi c th kt lun hai sn phm khc nhau
c ngha ti mc la chn.
1.3. Thc hnh:
1.3.1.Mc ch th nghim (tnh hung t ra):
Mt cng ty sn xut sa chua mun nng thi hn s dng (date) ca sn
phm ln. thc hin iu b phn QC ca cng ty c giao nhim v ly
mu v tin hnh t chc nh gi cm quan nh gi xem c hay khng s
bin i cht lng sn phm theo thi gian bo qun.
Mu th nghim l mu sa chua c sn xut cng mt dy chuyn
nhng khc nhau ngy sn xut, c th 01 mu sa chua va sn xut vi 01
mu cn date 03 ngy.
1.3.2.Nguyn liu, dng c
1.3.2.1.Nguyn liu:
2 mu sa chua TH True Milk:
- Mu A: Sa chua TH True Milk c ngy sn xut: 28/03/2014 ; hn s
dng: 13/05/2014.
- Mu B: Sa chua TH True Milk c ngy sn xut: 05/05/2014 ; hn s
dng: 20/06/2014.
Nc lc thanh v.
1.3.2.2.Dng c
- Khay ng mu
- Ly nha cha mu
- T lnh bo qun mu
- Mung nha
- Giy sticker dn m s mu
1.3.3.Phng php chun b:
1.3.3.1 La chn ngi th
Sau khi nh gi v la chn s b chn mt hi ng th gm 28
ngi th.
Nguyn tc la chn:
Ngi th khng cn qua hun luyn
V nng lc suy lun v s dng ngn ng:
- Kh nng hiu c nhng cu hi
- Kh nng tr li
V kh nng cm quan:
- Kh nng cm nhn v phn bit mi v.
1.3.3.2. Chun b mu
- Hnh dng v kch thc mu: mu dng paste, khong 20ml/mu/ln th
- Nhit gii thiu mu: Bo qun ngn mt t lnh t 4
o
C 8
o
C.
- Dng c cha mu: s dng cc nha trong dng mt ln, lm nhn bng
cch dn Sticker. Mi cc c trang b 01 mung nha thun tin trong vic
th mu.
1.3.3.3 Thanh v
Mc ch ca thanh v nhm loi b cc phn cn li ca mu th t
trc: dng nc lc sau mi ln th.
1.3.4. Phng php thc hin
- Lm phiu chun b th nghim: thit lp trt t trnh by mu, m ha
mu bng 3 con s c 3 ch s (s dng bng m ha ngu nhin, )( Ph lc).
- Lm phiu nh gi cm quan: tn thnh vin, ngy th, hng dn, cu
hi,(Ph lc)
- Chun b mu th: gn m s mu ln dng c cha, sp xp dng c
cha mu ln khay theo ng v tr nh trong phiu chun b th nghim, cho
mu vo dng c cha mu (ch lng mu, nhit mu th), t phiu nh
gi cm quan v nc thanh v ln khay.
- Hng dn v a mu cho ngi th theo ng trt t th mu t tri
qua phi, khng c php nm li mu.
- Thu kt qu v x l kt qu
- Vit bo co
1.4. Thu thp, x l s liu v kt lun:
1.4.1.Thu thp v x l s liu:
- Hi ng th gm 28 ngi ( n=28)
- S ngi c cu tr li ng: 07
- Mc ngha c chn: 5%.
Vi kt qu thu c sau khi tin hnh th nghim, tra bng S lng cu
tr li chnh xc ca php th tam gic, Ph lc s 4 trang 135 sch K thut
phn tch cm quan thc phm H Duyn T.
Vi 28 ngi th th s lng cu tr li chnh xc cn thit ti thiu l 15
cu c th kt lun 2 mu sa chua ny khc nhau c ngha mc ngha
Mc ngha c chn: 5%.
Kt lun: th nghim ch c 7/ 28 ngi th tr li ng. Do vy kt lun 2 mu
sa chua ny khc nhau khng c ngha ti mc ngha 5%. Hay ni cch khc
l ti mc ngha ny cht lng sn phm khng b nh hng theo thi gian
bo qun.

TI LIU THAM KHO
[1]. H Duyn T, K thut phn tch cm quan thc phm, NXB Khoa hc v
k thut
[2]. Nguyn Hong Dng, nh gi cm quan: Nguyn tc v thc hnh,
Trng i hc Bch khoa Thnh ph H Ch Minh, nm 2005.
[3] Th.s Nguyn Thi Qunh Trang, Th.S H Th M hng, C Nhn Nguyn
Th Hng, Bi ging nh gi cm quan thc phm, trng H Cng Nghip
Thc Phm TP HCM, 2012.
[4] Th.s Nguyn Thi Qunh Trang, Th.S H Th M hng, C Nhn Nguyn
Th Hng, Bi ging thc hnh nh gi cm quan thc phm, trng H Cng
Nghip Thc Phm TP HCM, 2012.



Ph lc
PHIU CHUN B TH NGHIM
Php th tam gic
1. Sn phm th: Sa chua TH True Milk
K hiu: Mu A : Sa chua TH True Milk c hn s dng: 13/05/2014.
Mu B : Sa chua TH True Milk c hn s dng: 20/06/2014.
2. Trt t trnh by mu:
Php th tam gic c 6 trt t trnh by mu:
AAB BAB
ABA BBA
BAA ABB
Trt t trnh by cho php th gm 28 ngi th nh sau:

Ngi
th
Trnh t mu M s mu
Cu tr li
nhn c
Nhn xt
1 BAB 162, 371, 536 536 Sai
2 ABB 124, 465, 271 465 sai
3 AAB 472, 319, 425 425 ng
4 BBA 652, 476, 538 476 Sai
5 ABA 173, 269, 405 269 ng
6 BAA 718, 646, 275 718 ng
7 BBA 253, 721, 684 721 Sai
8 BAA 185, 236,710 185 ng
9 BAB 425, 317, 684 317 ng
10 AAB 362, 401,725 401 Sai
11 ABB 432, 614,728 432 ng
12 ABA 967,145, 212 145 ng
13 BAB 107,290, 392 290 ng
14 ABB 821,407,135 407 Sai
15 AAB 365, 427,315 315 ng
16 BBA 263,315, 562 263 Sai
17 ABA 212, 239, 650 212 Sai
18 BAA 415, 231, 726 231 Sai
19 BBA 523, 417, 624 523 Sai
20 BAA 268, 361, 413 268 ng
21 BAB 285, 649, 207 649 ng
22 AAB 832, 614, 725 725 ng
23 ABB 931, 466, 579 931 ng
24 ABA 423, 619, 117 619 ng
25 BAB 235, 347, 268 235 Sai
26 ABB 421, 365, 108 421 ng
27 AAB 194, 253, 619 619 ng
28 BBA 451, 327, 622 451 Sai

3. Cch trnh by mu cho ngi th


4. Phiu nh gi cm quan (hng dn v tr li th nghim)

PHIU NH GI CM QUAN
Php th tam gic
Ngi th :Ngy th: 10/05/2014
Bn nhn c 3 mu sa chua c gn m s gm 3 ch s,
trong hai mu ging nhau v mt mu khc. Hy th mu
theo th t cho sn, t tri qua phi v la chn mu no khc
hai mu cn li bng cch khoanh trn vo m ca mu .
Ch : hy thanh v bng nc sau mi mu. Bn khng c
php nm li mu.
Mu khc vi hai mu cn li:
162 371 536
Cm n bn tham gia!