STT Tn Cng Thc

1 Sn Lng Q
2 Gi P
3 Doanh Thu TR = P * Q
4 Tng Chi Ph TC = FC + VC
5 Ch Ph C nh FC = TC - VC = AFC*Q
6 Chi Ph Bin i VC = TC - FC = AVC*Q
7 CP Cinh Bnh Qun AFC = FC / Q
8 CP Bin i Bnh Qun AVC = VC / Q
9 CP Bnh Qun AC = TC / Q = AFC + AVC
10 CP Bin MC = TC / Q = [ TC ]' = [ FC ]' + [ VC ] = 0 + [ VC ]'
11 Doanh Thu Bin MR = TR / Q = [ TR ]'
12
13
14 Phn tch cn bng
15 ng cu Qd = aP + b { a < 0} (P)
16 ng Doanh Thu Bin MR MR = P
17 ng MC = AC ng MC ct AC ti Acmin
18 Ti a ha li nhun max = TR -TC = P*Q - AC*Q = ( P - AC ) Q
19 Doanh nghiep ti a ha thua l ( im Ha Vn )
20 Gi s gi gim t P1 xung P2 ( P2 = Acmin) Doanh Nghip cn bng MR = MC
21 = TR - TC = P2*Q - AC*Q m P2 = AC => = 0 ( DN Ha Vn )
22 Nu Mc Gi AVC < P < AC Doanh Nghip cn bng MR = MC
TH TRNG CNH TRANH HON TON
BNG CNG THC MN KINH T VI M
23 Xt P < AC DN l , P > AVC =>DN b vo CPBD bnh qun
24 Doanh nghip d 1 phn b vo CPCD,nu ko SX DN l hon ton
25 > nghip tip tc SX ti a ha thua l.
26 im ng Ca
27 Nu P = AVCmin
28 Xt P < AC DN l
29 P = AVC ch b vo CPBD bnh qun,l ton b CP > DN ngng SX
30
32 ng Cu P = a*Q + b ( a < 0 )
33 ng Doanh Thu Bin MR = TR / Q = [ TR ]' = ( P*Q )' = [(a.Q + b).Q]'
34 = [a.Q + b.Q]' = 2.a.Q + b
35 MR = 2.a.Q + b
36 Ti a ha li nhun max = TR -TC = P*Q - AC*Q = ( Pmax - AC ) Qmax
37 Chnh ph quy nh gi trn P(t) = P = MC
38 Chnh ph nh thu khng theo sn lng
39 max = TR -TC' = P*Q - AC' *Q = ( Pmax - AC' ) Qmax
40 Chnh ph nh thu khng sn lng
41 DN cn bng MR = MC' > Q gim xung Qt , Gi Pt
42 = TR -TC' = Pt*Qt - AC' *Qt = ( Pt - AC' ). Qt
43
44
45
TH TRNG C QUYN HON TON
Q : Sn lng
P : Gi
1. TR : Doanh thu TR = Q * P
2. TC : Tng chi ph TC = FC + VC
3. FC : CP c nh FC = TC VC = AFC * Q
4. VC : CP bin i VC = TC FC = AVC *Q
5. AFC : CP c nh bnh qun AFC = FC/Q
6. AVC : CP bin i bnh qun AVC = VC/Q
7. AC : CP bnh qun AC = TC/Q = AFC + AVC
8. MC : CP bin MC = TC/Q = (TC)= (FC+VC)=(FC)+(VC)=0+(VC)
9. MR : DThu bin MR = TR/Q = (TR)
TH TRNG CNH TRANH HON TON
1. Phn tch cn bng :
a/ ng cu (P)
b/ ng doanh thu bin MR : MR = P
c/ ng MC = AC. ng MC ct ng AC ti ACmin
Sn lng : Q1
Gi : P1
max = (TR-TC)= P1*Q1 AC*Q1 = (P1-AC)*Q1
*/ DN ti thiu ha thua l :
- Gi s gi gim t P1 xung P2 (P2=ACmin) DN cn bng MR=MC
- Sn lng : Q2
- Gi : P2
= Tr-TC= P2*Q2 AC*Q2 (m P2 = AC)
= 0 : DN ha vn
*/ IM HA VN
Nu l mc gi P3 (AVC <P3<AC)
DN cn bng MR3 = MC Q3
Xt P3 : P3 < AC DN thua l
P3 > AVC + DN b vo CPB bnh qun
+ DN d 1 phn b vo CPCnh
+ Nu khng sx l hon ton nh ph
Vy P3 l mc gi l nhng DN cn sx ti thiu ha thua l
*/ IM NG CA
Nu gi gim xung l P4 = AVCmin
Xt P4< AC : DN l
P4 = AVC: + Ch b CPB bnh qun
+ L ton b CP DN ngng sx
TH TRNG C QUYN HON TON
1. ng cu : P = a.Q + b (a m)
2. ng doanh thu bin :
Doanh thu thu thm khi bn thm 1 SP : MR = TR/Q = (TR) = (P.Q)
= [(a.Q+b).Q] = (aQ2 +b.Q)
MR = 2a.Q + b
Sn lng : Qmax
Ga : Pmax
max = (TR-TC)= Pmax . Qmax AC .Qmax = (Pmax AC) . Qmax
3. Chnh Ph qui nh gi trn (Pt) : Pt = P = MC
4. Chnh Ph nh thu khng theo sn lng :
max = TR-TC = Pmax . Qmax AC .Qmax = (Pmax AC) . Qmax
5. Chnh Ph nh thu theo sn lng :
DN cn bng MR = MC Q3
Sn lng : Qt
Ga : Pt.
= TR-TC = Pt . Qt AC .Qt (1)
Gi s DN cung ng ti Qt khng thu
Sn lng : Qt
Ga : Pt.
= TR-TC = Pt . Qt AC .Qt (2)
1. pt hm cu: Qd = a- bP(b>=0)
2. pt hm cung: Qs= c+dP (d>=0)
3. tt cn bng: Pe=Pd=Ps, Qe=Qd=Qs
4. Cs: thng d tiu dng
Ps: thng d sn xut
NSB: li ch rng x hi = Cs+ Ps
5. S co gin ca cu theo gi: Ed= %dentaQ/%dentaP
- co gin khong: Ed= dentaQ*P/dentaP*Q
dentaQ=Q2-Q1, Q= (Q1+Q2)/2
dentaP= P2-P1, P= (P1+P2)/2
- co gin im: Ed = Q'd*(P/Q)
6. S co gin ca cu theo thu nhp:
- khong: E = dentaQ*I/dentaP*Q
- dim: E = Q'd*(I/Q)
7> S co gin ca cu theo gi cho
- khong : E = %dentaQx/ %dentaQy= dentaQx*Py/dentaPy*Qx
-im : E = Q' * (Py/Qx)
8. s co gin ca cung theo gi
- khong: Es= %dentaQs/%dentaP= dentaQs*Ptb/dentaP*Qtb
- im: = Q's*(P/Qs)
9) U: li ch tiu dng
TU: tng li ch
MU: li ch cn bin
denta TU: s thay i v tng li ch
dentaQ: ............................lng hng ha tiu dng
TU= U1 +U2+........................+Un
MU= dentaTU/dentaQ= (TU2-TU1)/(Q2-Q1)
TH c 2 hng ha dch v th: TU= f(x,y)=>MU= TU'
MUx= TU'x, MUy= TU'y
10. T l thay th cn bin trong tiu dng: MRSx/y= -dentay/dentax= MUx/MUy
11. pt ng ngn sch: M=xPx+yPy. dc ca ng ngn sch:= -Px/Py
12. iu kin tiu dng ti u: MUx/MUy= Px/Py
13. ngn hn:
nng sut bnh qun (AP): APL=Q/L, APK=Q/K
nng sut cn bin (MP): MPL=dentaQ/dentaL= Q'L, MPK= dentaQ/dentaK=Q'K
14. di hn:
chi ph bnh qun di hn: LAC=LTC/Q
chi ph cn bin di hn: LMC= dentaLTC/dentaQ
t l thay th KTCB: MRTS(L/K)= -dentaK/dentaL= MPL/MPK
ng ng ph: C=Kr+Lw
nguyn tc ti thiu ha chi ph trong di hn
MPL/MPK= w/r
15. TR: tng doanh thu
MR: doanh thu cn bin
MC: chi ph cn bin
pi: li nhun
MR= TR'= dentaTR/dentaQ
TR=P*Q, TRmax <=> MR=0 ( ti a ha doanh thu)
pi= TR-TC= (P-AC)*Q, pi max<=> MR= MC
16. Cu trc th trng
AR: DTTB c AR=TR/Q=P
Th trng cnh tranh hon ho: nguyn tc ti a ha li nhun l MR=MC=P
c quyn: MR=MC
Sc mnh c quyn: L= (P-MC)P( 0=<L=<1)
nh gi: P= MC/(1+1/Ed)
c th gip mi ngi d hc , ti xin h thng li ton b cc cng thc tnh, v cc k hiu trong mn Kinh t vi m. C thiu st g mi mi ngi gp .
P : gi ca sn phm-> PE : Gi cn bng th trng
I : thu nhp
Q : lng
D : cu v hng ho -> QD : Lng cu
QD = -aP+ b (a> 0) hay PD = -cQ +d (c>0)
S : cung v hng ho -> Qs : Lng cung
Qs = cP + d(c>0) hay Ps = aQ+b (a>0)
P/ Q : h s gc
Cn bng th trng QD = Qs, PD = Ps
CS : thng d ca ngi tiu dng
PS : thng d ca ngi sn xut
PC : gi trn
PS : gi sn
tD : l mc thu ngi tiu dung gnh chu trn mt sn phm ->tD = PD1 Po ( PD1 : gi ngi mua tr sau thu , Po : gi th trng c)
TD : tng thu ngi tiu dung gnh chu -> TD = tD . Q1
tS : l mc thu ngi sn xut gnh chu ->tS = Po - PS1
TS : tng thu ngi sn xut gnh chu -> TS = tS. Q1
t: thu chnh ph nhn c trn mt sn phm -> t = tD + tS
T: tng thu chnh ph nhn c -> T = t . Q1
TR: tng doanh thu ca DN -> TR= P.Q
AR : doanh thu bnh qun ca doanh nghip -> AR= TR/Q=P
MR : doanh thu tng thm ca DN( doanh thu bin)-> MR= TR/ Q= (TR)Q = P
TC : tng ph ca doanh nghip-> TC=VC+ FC
FC : nh ph (chi ph c nh)
VC ; bin ph (chi ph thay i ng bin vi sn lng)
AFC : chi ph c nh bnh qun -> AFC = FC/Q
AVC : chi ph bin i bnh qun -> AVC=VC/Q
AC : chi ph bnh qun -> AC = TC/Q =AVC =AFC
MC : chi ph bin -> MC= TC/Q= (TC)Q = VC/Q = (VC)Q
max : li nhun ti a -> max = MR= MC
: h s sc mnh cnh tranh ca DN ( 0 < < 1)-> =P-MC/P
c th gip mi ngi d hc , ti xin h thng li ton b cc cng thc tnh, v cc k hiu trong mn Kinh t vi m. C thiu st g mi mi ngi gp .
tD : l mc thu ngi tiu dung gnh chu trn mt sn phm ->tD = PD1 Po ( PD1 : gi ngi mua tr sau thu , Po : gi th trng c)