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B GIO DC V O TO

TRNG I HC S PHM TP H CH MINH






ng Th t





THC TRNG V BIN PHP
QUN L VIC I MI PHNG PHP DY HC
TRNG THCS QUN 1 - TP H CH MINH


Chuyn ngnh: Qun l Gio dc
M s : 60 14 05


LUN VN THC S GIO DC



NGI HNG DN KHOA HC
TS. NGUYN TH BCH HNH







Thnh ph H Ch Minh - 2010
TH
VIN

LI CM N
- - oOo- -

Ti xin cm n qu thy c trng i hc S phm TP HCM nhit tnh ging dy v
gip ti c c kin thc v qun l gio dc.
Xin trn trng cm n c Nguyn Th Bch Hnh dnh nhiu thi gian hng dn, tn
tnh ch bo, gp ti c th hon tt cun lun vn ny v ng thi cm n thy c l
ng gim kho.
Chn thnh cm n Ban gim hiu cng gio vin mt s trng Qun 1-TPHCM
gip , cung cp cho ti nhng thng tin cn thit hon thnh tt lun vn cao hc.



Thng 7/2010.
M U

1- L do chn ti
ng trc tnh hnh t nc c nn kinh t pht trin nhanh vi s i hi cp
thit ca nn cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc, cn ngun nhn lc c trnh chuyn
mn cao, c kh nng vn dng cc kin thc cng nh cc k nng lao ng ngh nghip mt
cch hiu qu v sng to, c k nng thc hnh cao. S pht trin nhanh ca khoa hc v cng
ngh, nht l cng ngh thng tin ngy cng i hi ngi lao ng phi cp nht kin thc
chnh v vy ngi lao ng phi c kh nng t hc hc tp sut i.
ngi lao ng c th hc v t hc sut i th h phi c hnh thnh phng
php hc ngay t khi cn ngi trn gh nh trng. Hnh thnh phng php hc cho ngi hc
lin quan n nhiu bnh din ca hot ng dy hc nh ni dung chng trnh, bn thn
ngi hc nh kin thc, ng c v hng th hc, nht l phng php hc. ngi dy cng
cn c trnh chuyn mn cao, nghip v s phm, c o c tt, mi trng hc tp v
nht l phng php dy hc (PPDH). Song phng php dy hc l bnh din d thay i v
n nm trong kh nng ca thy v tr. Do , i mi phng php l mu cht hnh thnh
phng php hc tp, nhm p ng nhng yu cu ngy cng cao ca x hi i vi ngi lao
ng trong tng lai.
nh hng i mi phng php dy hc c xc nh trong ngh quyt Trung
ng 4 kha VII (1-1993). Ngh quyt Trung ng 2 kha VIII (12-1996), c th ch ha
trong Lut gio dc (2005). iu 28.2, ghi Phng php gio dc ph thng phi pht huy
tnh tch cc, t gic, ch ng, sng to ca hc sinh, ph hp vi c im ca tng lp hc,
mn hc, bi dng phng php t hc, kh nng lm vic theo nhm, rn luyn k nng vn
dng kin thc vo thc tin, tc ng n tnh cm, em li nim vui hng th hc tp cho hc
sinh.
Thc t nhiu nm qua gio dc Vit Nam i mi phng php dy hc trn din
rng, tuy nhin phong tro v hnh thc cn mang tnh bc pht, cha h thng, cha i vo
chiu su, thiu tnh n nh nn hiu qu cha cao. Nguyn nhn ca thc trng ny c th l
do ni dung chng trnh cha tinh gin, c s vt cht cha ng b, i sng gio vin cn
nhiu kh khn, tm l ca gio vin ngi i mi phng php, do trnh v hiu bit v
phng php dy hc mi gio vin cn hn ch, v do cng tc qun l vic i mi phng
php cn cha mang tnh khoa hc, thiu tnh h thng, cha ph hp nn cha thc s ng
vin, khuyn khch GV i mi PPDH mt cch thng xuyn v hiu qu.
Nghin cu v i mi PPDH c rt nhiu cng trnh nghin cu c v l lun v thc
tin. Song nghin cu v qun l vic i mi PPDH THCS ch c nhng ti nghin cu
mc hp nh nhng kin nh l, cng c mt s sch tham kho v i mi PPDH v mt
s bi bo ni ln thc trng i mi phng php dy hc hin nay nhng cha a ra gii
php c th, v th cng cha sc ging ln hi chung i mi phng php v qun l
vic i mi PPDH t hiu qu, nhm nng cao cht lng dy hc hin nay. n lc cn
tm hiu thc trng v tm ra bin php thch hp cho vic thc hin i mi phng php dy
hc v qun l vic thc hin i mi phng php dy hc THCS nhm nng p ng
ngun nhn lc cao cho x hi, cng l l do ti chn ti.
T nhng l do trnh by trn ti chn ti Thc trng v bin php qun l vic
i mi phng php dy hc trng THCS Qun 1, thnh ph H Ch Minh nghin cu.
2- Mc ch nghin cu
Trn c s kho st thc trng i mi phng php dy hc v cc bin php qun l
vic thc hin i mi dy hc trng trung hc c s Qun 1,TP H Ch Minh, xut mt
s bin php qun l vic thc hin i mi phng php dy hc trng THCS gp phn
nng cao cht lng i mi PPDH ni ring v nng cao cht lng dy hc trng THCS.
3- Khch th v i tng nghin cu
3.1. Khch th nghin cu: Qun l hot ng dy hc trng THCS.
3.2. i tng nghin cu: Thc trng v bin php qun l vic i mi phng php
dy hc trng THCS.
4- Gi thuyt nghin cu
4.1. Vic i mi phng php dy hc bc trung hc c s Qun 1 ti thnh ph H
Ch Minh thc hin nhng cha thng xuyn, cha mang tnh h thng, nn km hiu qu.
4.2. Nguyn nhn ca thc trng trn c th t nhiu pha, trong , phi ni n cc
bin php qun l vic i mi phng php dy hc trong nh trng cha h thng, cha
thng xuyn v cha ph hp vi thc tin dy hc trng trung hc c s Q.1.
4.3. Cn thit xut cc bin php qun l i mi phng php dy hc mang tnh
h thng, thit thc, ton din gp phn nng cao cht lng dy hc trng THCS ti TP
H Ch Minh.
5- Nhim v nghin cu
5.1. Nghin cu c s l lun ca ti.
5.2. Kho st thc trng i mi phng php dy hc v qun l vic thc hin i
mi phng php dy hc THCS ti Qun 1, TP H Ch Minh.
5.3. xut mt s bin php qun l vic thc hin i mi phng php dy hc
THCS.
6- Gii hn phm vi nghin cu
ti ch nghin cu vic thc hin i mi phng php dy v qun l vic i mi
phng php dy mt s trng THCS Qun 1, TP H Ch Minh.
7- Phng php nghin cu
7.1 Phng php lun
- Quan im h thng- cu trc
Dy hc l mt h thng gm nhiu thnh t c quan h rng buc ln nhau. Phng
php dy hc l mt trong cc thnh t thuc cu trc hot ng dy hc nn khi nghin cu
vic i mi PPDH phi t n trong mi quan h chi phi, nh hng ca cc yu t khc nh
ngi dy, ngi hc, ni dung v mi trng.
- Quan im thc tin
i mi PPDH v qun l vic i mi PPDH phi da trn c im ca thi i bng
n thng tin, yu cu ca t nc trong thi i cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc v
thc tin gio dc ca VN c nhng thnh cng v tn ti, t trong iu kin dy hc ph
thng v THCS ti Qun 1- TP.HCM ni ring.
- Quan im lch s
Nghin cu v i mi PPDH trong nh trng v qun l vic i mi PPDH trong
trng THCS cn t n trong mi quan h vi s thay i ca t nc, s thay i ca gio
dc nc nh v vic i mi PPDH trong nh trng VN trong giai on hin nay.


7.2. Phng php nghin cu
- Phng php nghin cu l lun
Phn tch, so snh, tru tng ha, h thng ha, tng hp ha, khi qut ha cc ti liu
lin quan n ti.
- Phng php nghin cu thc tin
Phng php iu tra bng phiu thm d
Phiu thm d gm cu hi ng v cu hi m vi thang o 4 khong, thm d trn hai
i tng l cn b qun l cp trng v gio vin THCS v ni dung thc trng i mi
phng php dy hc, cc bin php qun l vic thc hin i mi phng php dy hc v
nguyn nhn ca cc vn trn.
Phng php quan st
Chng ti tin hnh d gi quan st vic i mi PPDH trong bi dy trn lp GV.
Phng php phng vn
tm hiu su v qun l vic i mi PPDH, chng ti phng vn cn b qun l v
gio vin ti mt s trng kho st.
Phng php xin kin chuyn gia
Trao i, ly kin chuyn gia l cn b qun l trng THCS, chuyn gia v PPDH
tm hiu v vic i mi PPDH v qun l vic i mi PPDH trong nh trng sao cho hiu
qu.
7.3. Phng php ton thng k
S dng phn mm SPSS for window x l s liu nhm nh lng kt qu nghin
cu.



Chng 1: C S L LUN CA TI

1.1 Lch s nghin cu vn
Nghin cu v cc PPDH pht huy tnh tch cc, c lp ca hc sinh c nhiu nh
gio dc hc trn th gii v trong nc nghin cu.
Ngay t trc cng nguyn, Socrate (469-390 Tr.CN) - Hylp, ng tng nu khu
hiu Anh hy t bit ly anh, ng nu phng php, trong ngi dy ch gi vai tr hng
dn, gip , cn ngi hc t mnh tm ra tri thc. ng gi phng php ny l Php .
Khng t (551-479 tr.CN) quan tm n vic kch thch t duy cho hc sinh. ng ni
Khng tc gin v mun bit th khng gi m cho, khng bc v khng r c th khng by
v cho. Vt c bn gc, bo cho bit mt gc, m khng suy ra ba gc khc th khng dy na
n th k XVI tr i, c rt nhiu nh nghin cu gio dc a ra nhng t tng
tin b nh Monteque (1533-1592) Ngi Php c mnh danh l ng t s phm ca Chu
u. ng ch trng ging dy bng hot ng, bng quan st trc tip, bng s tip xc cc s
vt trong i sng hng ngy. Mun ging dy tt Phi cho hc sinh chy trc m nhn xt
ch khng bt buc tr em nhm mt theo nhng nhn nh ch quan ca ngi thy.
Comensky (1592-1670) Slovaquia. ng i hi ngi thy phi dy th no cho hc
sinh thch th hc tp v c nhng c gng bn thn nm ly tri thc. ng ni : Ti thng
bi dng cho hc sinh ca ti tinh thn c lp trong quan st, trong m thoi v trong vic
ng dng tri thc vo thc tin.
John Dewey (1859-1952) - Ngi M, ng ch trng phi da vo kinh nghim thc t
ca tr em. Vic ging dy phi kch thch c hng th, phi tr em c lp tm ti, thy
gio va l ngi thit k va l ngi c vn.
Vit Nam c nhiu nh gio dc nghin cu phng php dy hc pht huy tnh
tch cc, c lp ca hc sinh trong cc gio trnh gio dc hc hoc trn tp ch nghin cu
gio dc nh ng V Hot, Nguyn Ngc Bo, Nguyn Ngc Quang, Thi Duy Tuyn, ng
Thnh Hng,
B gio dc v o to a ra nhiu vn bn v vic i mi PPDH, t chc nhiu t
tp hun v i mi PPDH cho GV trong c nc c tin hnh H Ni v TP.HCM. Ring
bc THCS a i mi phng php dy hc cng vi chng trnh mi v thay sch gio
khoa t nm 2002-2003 c trin khai lp 6 v nhng nm sau cng c rt nhiu sch
hng dn ging dy theo phng php mi nh Mt s vn v i mi phng php dy
hc trng trung hc c s Mn a l, Lch s, Gio dc cng dn ca tc gi Phm Th Sen
- Phm Thu Phng - Nguyn Hu Ch-Lu Thu Thy - Nguyn Th Thanh Mai, NXB H Ni,
2004 v tng t nhng mn cn li; Mt s vn v i mi phng php dy hc mn
Ton THCS ca Tn Thn - Phan Th Luyn - ng Th Thu Thy, NXB Gio dc (2008) v
tng t cc mn cn li; Nhng vn chung v i mi gio dc THCS mn Ng vn ca
Nguyn Hu Chu, Nguyn Trng Hon, V Nho, xut bn nm 2007 ca B Gio dc - o
To v cc mn khc tng t.
Nhng cng trnh nghin cu trn i su v cc nhm phng php dy hc tch cc
trng THCS v th hin nhiu phng php pht trin t duy, ch ng v sng to ca hc
sinh trong hc tp thng qua t chc cc hot ng hc tp cho hc sinh.
Trong ti liu v Bi dng thng xuyn cho gio vin THCS chu k III (2004-2007)
ca cc mn, cng a ra mt s phng php dy hc tch cc, c bit cp n dy hc
theo cp, nhm v h tr, nh hng cho gio vin dy hc theo phng php mi. V gn y
nht c nhiu bi vit nu thc trng v i mi phng php dy hc trong nh trng ph
thng, y cng l vn nh qun l gio dc cng phi suy ngh cho cht lng dy v hc
hin nay.
Nhn chung c kh nhiu ti liu v i mi phng php dy hc trng THCS,
nhng ti liu v qun l vic i mi phng php dy hc trng THCS cha c ti no
nghin cu, ch c mt vi bi bo, tp ch c nu ln thc trng v dy hc hin nay nghing
v phng php truyn thng, gio vin vn lng tng khi cha nhn thc ng v phng
php mi hin nay v nh qun l cha thc y gio vin dy hc theo hng i mi phng
php mt cch hiu qu. Chnh v vy ti mnh dn chn ti ny thc hin trng
THCS qun 1-TP H Ch Minh.
1.2. i mi phng php dy hc
Phng php dy hc l mt thnh phn, b phn thuc yu t ngi dy. y l mt
yu t ng nht v d thay i. Nu thay i theo chiu hng tch cc gp phn to nn cht
lng ng k cho h dy hc. qun l tt vic i mi PPDH, cn lm r mt vi khi nim
lin quan nh PPDH, i mi PPDH.
1.2.1. Phng php dy hc
Phng php dy hc l t hp cch thc hot ng ca thy v tr trong qu trnh dy
hc, c tin hnh di vai tr ch o ca ngi thy, nhm thc hin tt cc nhim v dy
hc [26, tr.187]
Phng php dy hc l cch thc hot ng ca gio vin trong vic ch o, t chc
cc hot ng hc tp nhm gip hc sinh ch ng t cc mc tiu dy hc [11, tr.5]
D nh ngha nh th no th ni n PPDH bao gi cng ni n cch thc hot ng
phi hp gia GV v HS, trong PP dy qui nh v chi phi PP hc, cn PP hc nh hng
n PP dy.
1.2.2. Cc phng php dy hc c bn trong nh trng ph thng
Da vo mc ch dy hc c bn v phng tin dy hc chia phng php dy hc
thnh 4 nhm, l:
- Nhm PP dng li gm PP thuyt trnh, m thoi v s dng sch gio khoa v ti liu
tham kho.
- Nhm PP trc quan gm PP quan st, PP biu din th nghim.
- Nhm PP thc tin gm PP n, luyn tp v PP lm vic trong phng th nghim.
- Nhm PP kim tra, nh gi tri thc, k nng, k xo HS, gm kim tra vn p, kim
tra vit v kim tra thc hnh.
Khi nghin cu v phn tch u, nhc im ca cc PPDH nu trn, chng ti c mt s
nhn xt nh sau:
- Cc PPDH nu trn khi p dng trong thc tin dy hc khng qu phc tp v khng
i hi qu nhiu thi gian v cng sc ca c thy v tr.
- Kt qu m cc PPDH ny mang li cho ngi hc nng v tri thc hn l pht trin
phng php hc tp nhn thc ngi hc.
- Phi tha nhn cc PPDH truyn thng pht huy c vai tr ch o ca thy v vai
tr ch ng ca tr, nhng ch mc trung bnh. M theo Nguyn Ngc Quang nhn xt
Kiu dy hc na vi.
V th, nhng PPDH truyn thng nu trn vn c p dng trong dy hc nh trng
VN v c trn th gii. Tuy nhin, trong iu kin bng n thng tin nh hin nay, iu kin
dy hc thay i nh s h tr ca cc th h my tnh, th cc PPDH truyn thng cn c
ci tin theo hng php huy tnh tch cc, c lp ca HS, ng thi p dng cc PPDH hin
i c nh vy mi p ng c yu cu ca dy hc hin i.
1.2.3. i mi phng php dy hc
Do c im ca hot ng dy hc trong giai on hin nay l thng tin bng n,
phng tin thng tin i chng c ci t n tng h gia nh ngi dn, sc khe v
bn tr tu ca hc sinh c ci thin ng k, thng tin mang tnh ton cu, dy hc c h
tr ca my tnh,nn tri thc m hc sinh tip thu nh trng tr nn km phong ph v a
dng hn rt nhiu thng tin m HS tip thu t gia nh v x hi. Do , nh trng cn dy
hc sinh phng php la chn v x l thng tin hn l cung cp thng tin c sn cho HS. Cn
phi i mi PPDH, nhng theo hng no?
Xu hng i mi PPDH trong giai on hin nay l:
- Tch cc ha hot ng dy hc.
- C bit ha hot ng dy hc.
- Cng ngh ha hot ng dy hc.
Tch cc ha hot ng dy hc l pht huy cao tnh tch cc, c lp ca HS trong
hc tp di s hng dn, t chc ca GV.
C bit ha hot ng dy hc l t chc hot ng dy hc theo kiu chng trnh ha
to mi iu kin cho HS pht trin mc cao nht theo kh nng ca mnh. Vic dy hc
c th c t chc theo hnh thc dy hc khng gip mt vi h thng ti liu in v ti liu
in t.
Cng ngh ha hot ng dy hc c hiu theo ngha hp l s dng cc thit b k
thut vo dy hc m y l cng ngh thng tin.
Trong khun kh ti ny, chng ti s i su vo hng i mi th nht l tch cc
ha hot ng dy hc v ng dng cng ngh thng tin trong dy hc.
1.2.3.1. Tch cc ha hot ng dy hc trong cc PPDH truyn thng
Nh trnh by trn, i mi PPDH khng c ngha l ph nhn cc PPDH truyn
thng m k tha c sng to, pht huy nhng u im v hn ch nhng nhc im ca
PPDH truyn thng cng l mt cch i mi PPDH nhm pht huy tnh tch cc, c lp ca
HS trong hc tp.
Vi PP thuyt trnh
GV nn chuyn sang thuyt trnh nu vn . Thuyt trnh nu vn l mt dng ca
thuyt trnh, n vn gi nguyn bn cht ca thuyt trnh l GV s dng ngn ng trnh by ti
liu t u n cui m khng dng li pht vn HS. Ct li ca thuyt trnh nu vn l GV
nu vn v t mnh gii quyt vn .
Thuyt trnh nu vn ngoi nhng u im ca thuyt trnh n cn c tc dng kch
thch s tp trung ch ca HS, hng th hc tp v HS cn hc c cch t v gii quyt
vn ca GV y l mt k nng rt quan trng cn hnh thnh, rn luyn HS.
Vi PP m thoi
GV s dng m thoi gi m thay v m thoi thng bo ti hin. m thoi gi m
mang y cc c im ca m thoi, im khc bit ch cc cu hi GV a ra mang
tnh gi m i hi HS phi la chn tri thc, t chc li tri thc hoc tm ra tri thc mi so vi
bn thn. Cu hi gi m c nhiu hn mt cu tr li i hi HS phi la chn cu tr li hp
l nht v ni r v sao li tr li nh vy. y chnh l kh nng tm cc phng n khc nhau
gii quyt mt vn v la chn phng n gii quyt ti u.
Vi PP trc quan
Trc quan khng ch c tc dng minh ha cho bi dy m GV s dng trc quan nh l
mt tnh hung dy hc ny sinh vn . Nh vy bn thn phng tin trc quan cha ng
tnh hung c vn v hp dn, thi thc HS gii quyt.
Vi PP n tp
Cu hi n mang tnh khi qut cao, tng hp i hi HS khng ch nh thng tin m cn
thit lp quan h ni ti, quan h logic gia cc khi nim.
Bi luyn lp khng hon ton theo mu m mt na theo mu v mt na l bi tp sng
to, i hi HS phi dch chuyn tri thc hc vo cc tnh hung mi nhm pht huy tnh
sng to ca HS.
Vi PP kim tra, nh gi tri thc, k nng k xo HS
Cu hi kim tra khng n thun l kim tra mc ti hin tri thc m kim tra mc
hiu v vn dng tri thc, k nng.
kim tra gia, cui mn hc khng ch b hp tri thc trong mt bi, chng m bao
hm tri thc nhiu bi, nhiu chng i hi HS phi la chn, sp xp tri thc p ng yu
cu ca bi kim tra v din t tri thc theo ngn ng ca bn thn.
Vic p dng cc PPDH truyn thng trnh by trn c tc dng hnh thnh khi nim,
phng php hc tp, phng php t duy HS HS c kh nng chuyn sang tnh hung
hc tp mang tnh c lp cao hn, l tnh hung dy hc gi m v p dng cc PPDH
tng ng.
1.2.3.2. p dng cc PPDH hin i
Cng cn ni thm mt cht v thut ng PPDH hin i, PPDH hin i theo chng
ti hiu l nhng PPDH ph hp vi trnh pht trin ca nh trng trong thi i hin nay
v p ng yu cu ca dy hc trong giai on hin nay ng thi pht huy cao tnh t
gic, tch cc c lp v sng to ca HS trong hc tp.
Cc PPDH hin i thuc kiu dy hc gii quyt vn , trong c nhiu PPDH c
th.
Dy hc gii quyt vn
Dy hc gii quyt vn l mt kiu dy hc, mt h dy hc ch khng hiu n nh l
mt phng php dy hc c th. Trc ht cn lm sng t mt vi thut ng lin quan:
Vn l nhng cu hi hay nhim v t ra m vic gii quyt chng cha c qui lut
sn cng nh nhng tri thc, k nng sn c cha gii quyt m cn kh khn cn tr cn
vt qua.
Mt vn c c trng bi ba thnh phn
Trng thi xut pht khng mong mun
Trng thi ch: Trng thi mong mun
S cn tr
Tnh hung c vn xut hin khi mt c nhn ng trc mt mc ch mun t
ti, nhn bit mt nhim v cn gii quyt nhng cha bit bng cch no, cha phng tin
(tri thc, k nng,) gii quyt.
Dy hc gii quyt vn da trn c s l thuyt nhn thc. Gii quyt vn c vai
tr c bit quan trng trong vic pht trin t duy v nhn thc ca con ngi. T duy ch bt
u khi xut hin tnh hung c vn (Rubinstein).
Dy hc gii quyt vn l mt quan im dy hc nhm pht trin nng lc t duy
sng to, nng lc gii quyt vn ngi hc. Hc sinh c t trong mt tnh hung c
vn , thng qua vic gii quyt vn gip ngi hc lnh hi tri thc k nng v c phng
php nhn thc.
Dy hc gii quyt vn l mt kiu dy hc nn trong n bao gm nhiu PPDH b
phn. Da vo tnh tch cc ca t duy HS, ta c th chia dy hc gii quyt vn theo cc
mc sau:
- Thuyt trnh mang tnh nu vn (chng ti trnh by trn)
- Gii quyt tng phn (dy hc theo nhm nh)
- Gii quyt trn vn vn (PP nghin cu, dy hc theo d n)
Phng php dy hc theo nhm
*Khi nim dy hc theo nhm nh
A.T. Francisco (1993): Hc tp nhm l mt phng php hc tp m theo phng
php hc vin trong nhm trao i, gip , v hp tc vi nhau trong hc tp.
Thc hin dy hc theo nhm nh, GV lu :
T chc nhm hc tp. Vic phn chia nhm thng da trn s lng hc vin, ch
bi hc v c im ca hc vin. Qui m nhm c th l 4, 5, 9 HS. Nhm hc tp c th
gi nguyn trong sut mn hc nhng cng c th thay i ty tnh hung lp hc. Trong thc
tin dy hc nh trng VN, do lp cht, s lng HS ng, bn gh khng tin di chuyn,
GV nn chia nhm hc tp theo bn (hai bn quay mt li vi nhau), theo dy.
GV nu cu hi, bi tp tht r rng HS nhn thc c nhim v hc tp ca nhm.
C th c lp cng lm mt bi tp, c th mi nhm, mi dy bn thc hin cc nhim v
ring bit.
- GV quan st v can thip s phm khi cn thit (nh c vn, trng ti, iu ng)
nhm hc tp t c kt qu v kch thch tng thnh vin ca nhm tham gia tch cc.
- GV nhn xt, b sung v cht li cc chnh, ni dung quan trng t cc kin tho
lun ca cc nhm HS lnh hi c ni dung bi hc.
PP Dy hc theo d n
Dy hc theo d n (DHDA) c ngun gc t chu u (th k 16, v Php).
u th k 20, cc nh s phm M xy dng c s l lun cho DHDA (Richard,
J.Dewey,.v.v.), v coi l PPDH quan trng thc hin quan im dy hc nh hng vo
ngi hc, nhm khc phc nhc im ca dy hc truyn thng coi GV l trung tm. Ban
u phng php DHDA c s dng trong dy hc thc hnh cc mn hc k thut, v sau
c dng trong hu ht cc mn hc khc, c cc mn khoa hc x hi. Hin nay phng
php DHDA c s dng ph bin trong cc trng ph thng v i hc trn th gii, c
bit nhng nc pht trin.
Dy hc d n c hiu nh mt phng php hay hnh thc dy hc, trong ngi
hc t lc thc hin mt nhim v hc tp phc hp, c s kt hp gia l thuyt v thc tin,
thc hnh.
Hay c th hiu: DHDA l phng php trong c nhn hay nhm ngi hc thit lp
mt d n c ni dung gn kt vi ni dung hc tp. Da vo tri thc, kinh nghim v k nng
vn c, trn c s phn tch thc tin thuc phm vi hc tp, cng vi ti liu, phng tin,
ngi hc xut tng, thit k d n, son tho v hon chnh d n.
* Mt s c im ca DHDA
-nh hng vo ngi hc: Trong DHDA, ngi hc tham gia tch cc v t lc vo
cc giai on ca qu trnh dy hc, t vic xc nh mc ch, lp k hoch n vic thc hin
d n, kim tra, iu chnh, nh gi qu trnh v kt qu thc hin. GV ch yu ng vai tr t
vn, hng dn, gip . Th hin:
- DHDA phi ch n hng th ngi hc, ngi hc c tham gia chn ti, ni
dung hc tp ph hp vi hng th c nhn.
- Ngi hc lm vic theo nhm gii quyt nhng vn c thc mang tnh thch ,
da trn bi hc v thng c tnh lin mn. V vy, c im ny cn c gi l hc tp
mang tnh x hi.
-nh hng hot ng thc tin: Trong qu trnh thc hin d n, c s kt hp gia
nghin cu l thuyt v vn dng l thuyt vo hot ng thc tin, thc hnh. Ch d n gn
lin vi hon cnh c th, vi nhng tnh hung ca thc tin x hi, ngh nghip, i sng
-nh hng sn phm: Cc d n hc tp to ra nhng sn phm vt cht ca hot
ng thc tin, thc hnh. Nhng sn phm ny c th s dng, cng b, gii thiu rng ri.
* Cu trc ca DHDA
Giai on 1 : Chn ti v xc nh mc ch ca d n
GV v c th HS xc nh ti v mc ch ca d n: l mt tnh hung thc tin
cha ng mt nhim v cn gii quyt gn vi ni dung ca bi hc, mn hc hay mt s
mn hc trong chng trnh hc.
Giai on 2: Xy dng k hoch thc hin
Xc nh nhng cng vic cn lm, thi gian d kin, cc ngun ti nguyn phc v thc
hin d n, c kinh ph (nu c), phn cng cng vic trong nhm. giai on ny, GV cn suy
ngh v cc vai tr m HS m nhn, cc nhim v m HS phi hon thnh theo vai tr v cc
sn phm m HS t n khi hon thnh d n.
Giai on 3: Thc hin d n
Nhm v tng thnh vin ca nhm thc hin k hoch ra cho nhm v c nhn.
Cc hot ng tr tu v hot ng thc hnh, thc tin xen k v tc ng qua li vi nhau.
Kin thc l thuyt, phng n gii quyt vn c th nghim qua thc tin. Sn phm
c to ra.
Giai on 4: Thu thp kt qu v cng b sn phm
Kt qu thc hin d n c th c th hin di nhiu dng khc nhau nh vn bn
word, bi trnh by a phng tin (PPT), mt Pub, trang web, mt tiu phm hay mt hin
vt, Sn phm ca d n c th c trnh by trong lp hc hoc gii thiu trong trng hay
ngoi x hi.
Giai on 5: nh gi d n
GV v ngi hc nh gi qu trnh thc hin v kt qu. T rt ra nhng kinh
nghim cho vic thc hin cc d n tip theo. iu quan trng giai on ny l GV xy dng
chun v thang nh gi cho tng loi sn phm c qui nh cho d n. V d, chun
nh gi cho vn bn word, bi PPT, Pub, hay web, khch quan vic nh gi, thng nht
trong vic HS tham gia nh gi.
Phng php DHDA c nhiu u im nh hnh thnh v rn luyn k nng t hc,
nghin cu khoa hc HS, v nhiu k nng sng khc nh k nng giao tip, k nng lm vic
nhm, k nng t lnh o bn thn,Tuy nhin DHDA c nhng hn ch nh rt tn thi gian
v t chc khng tt s khng m bo c rng HS lnh hi c kin thc ca bi hc, mn
hc.
1.3. Mt s khi nim qun l lin quan n ti
1.3.1. Qun l gio dc
Khi nim qun l (QL) gio dc c hiu theo nhiu ngha rng, hp khc nhau nh
qun l gio dc cp v m (qun l c h thng gio dc quc dn), v qun l gio dc
cp vi m (qun l mt trng hc). Chng ti chn khi nim qun l gio dc ni chung v
c hiu l s tc ng c thc ca ch th qun l ti khch th qun l nhm a hot
ng ca h thng gio dc t ti kt qu mong mun bng cch hiu qu nht [18, tr 38]
* Chc nng qun l gio dc
Mun cng tc qun l t hiu qu th hiu trng cn phi thc hin ng chc nng
qun l l bit lp k hoch, t chc, iu khin, kim tra iu chnh. Cc chc nng ny
c thc hin trn c s cc thng tin QL v nhm thc hin c hiu qu mc tiu QL.
- Chc nng k hoch ho : Xc nh mc tiu, xy dng chin lc ca gio dc, trong
qu trnh lp k hoch phi xc nh cc bin php, cc cch thc t c cc mc ch
vic qun l gio dc. HT phi bit d bo nhng vn c lin quan v phn tch tnh hnh
thc t ca trng v trnh GV, iu kin c s vt chtsau thu thp v x l thng tin
y chnh xc, c s bn bc ly kin cc b phn c lin quan v t lp k hoch nhm
thc hin tt mc tiu ra nng cao cht lng dy v hc trong nh trng.
- Chc nng t chc : T chc l qu trnh hnh thnh nn cu trc cc quan h gia cc
thnh vin, gia cc b phn trong mt t chc nhm lm cho h thc hin thnh cng k
hoch v qun l gio dc, c s phn cng phn nhim r rng v c s phi hp cc t chc
trong nh trng. To mi iu kin thun li v c s vt cht, phng tin, tm l pht
huy ht nng lc, nhng mt mnh ca mi gio vin hon thnh mc tiu ra.
Thc hin chc nng t chc l thc hin mt qu trnh gm 4 bc :
Lp danh mc cng vic cn lm t mc tiu
Phn cng lao ng
Phn chia b phn
Thit lp c ch quan h v thc hin
- Chc nng iu khin : c th hin qua cc qu trnh a ra cc quyt nh tc ng
n cc i tng QL h pht huy ht cc tim nng v pht huy ht cc mi quan h hu c
vi xung quanh vo vic thc hin cc chc nng ca mnh t chc t c mc tiu mt
cch hiu qu nht.
- Chc nng kim tra : Th hin qua cc qu trnh kim tra nhm xc nh mc ph hp
vi cc quyt nh QL ban hnh i vi hot ng ca cc i tng QL. Qu trnh kim tra
gm 3 bc :
Xy dng cc tiu chun gio dc.
o c vic thc hin.
iu chnh cc sai lch.
Thng qua kim tra mt c nhn, mt nhm hoc mt t chc theo di, gim st cc
thnh qu hot ng v tin hnh nhng hot ng sa cha, un nn nu cn thit
1.3.2. Qun l trng hc
QL trng hc : Theo GS.VS Phm Minh Hc, QL nh trng l thc hin ng li GD
ca ng trong phm vi trch nhim ca mnh, tc l a nh trng vn hnh theo nguyn l
GD, tin ti mc tiu GD, mc tiu o to i vi ngnh QL, vi th h tr v vi tng sinh
vin. l a i tng ca qu trnh QL gio dc t trng thi ny sang trng thi khc.
QL trng hc cn c hiu l QL ca Hiu trng mt trng n ton b nhng con
ngi, nhng hot ng, nhng t chc v nhng phng tin vt cht k thut, ti chnh ca
nh trng t c mc tiu gio dc.
QL trng hc chnh l qun l cc hot ng ca gio dc, nhm t mc tiu ca gio
dc ra, trong phi ly vic qun l hot ng dy hc l khu c bn.
QL trng hc hiu qu theo tc gi Alma Harris, Nigel Bennett, Margaret Preedy. H
nhn mnh nhiu vo s p dng l lun hin i ca qun l nh trng nh:
-Vn ha nh trng
- Qun l s thay i trong trng hc
-Tm nhn, s mnh v chin lc pht trin trong nh trng
-Qun l cht lng gio dc
-Pht trin cc gi tr trng hc
-Kim sot s cng thng trong t chc nh trng v kim sot cc mu thun ca qu
trnh o to
- Xy dng ng lc nhm trong nh trng
-Tuyn truyn v t chc thng tin trong QL nh trng (EMIS)
Ni dung qun l trng hc : Trong cc mt QL nu trn chng ta nhn thy QL cht lng
nh trng chnh l t mc tiu gio dc bao gm :
- QL cng tc ch nhim v gio dc o c HS, lao ng k thut-hng nghip, gio
dc th cht, gio dc hot ng ngoi gi ln lp, c bit l qun l hot ng dy hc .
- Ngoi ra phi qun l cc hot ng on th, QL c s vt cht v QL ti chnh trong
nh trng nhm h tr v to iu kin gin tip nng cao cht lng dy hc
Phng php QL trng hc cng da trn phng php QL ni chung, l phng php
hnh chnh php lut (mang tnh cng bc n phng ca ch th QL n i tng QL)
v phng php tm l gio dc (tc ng ln nhn thc, tnh cm, ch) ca i tng QL
nhm nng cao hiu bit hnh thnh quan im ng n, xy dng thc t gic, t ch, tinh
thn trch nhim khi thc hin nhim v ca i tng QL, phng php kch thch (tc ng
n li ch vt cht, tinh thn ca i tng QL) c tc dng kch thch hoc iu chnh hnh vi
ca i tng QL.
1.3.3. Qun l hot ng dy hc l qun l qu trnh din ra nhng hot ng ca
ngi thy nhm em li hiu qu cao cho cht lng dy hc.
Mun vy ngi HT phi nm r cc mc tiu ca THCS, t nhng mc tiu trn HT
qun l hot ng dy hc bao gm:
- QL ni dung chng trnh dy hc,
- QL hot ng dy, trong c QL hot ng chun b ln lp, QL hot ng ln lp
ca GV, QL vic kim tra, nh gi kt qu hc tp ca HS....QL hot ng hc ca HS. Trong
hot ng dy hc, PPDH l yu t quan trng nh hng trc tip cht lng dy hc. i
mi PPDH s gp phn khng nh vo vic nng cao cht lng dy hc v cht lng gio
dc ca nh trng. V th, QL hot ng dy hc khng th b qua vic QL vic i mi
PPDH.
1.4. Qun l vic i mi PPDH
1.4.1. Khi nim : QL vic i mi PPDH c hiu l nhng tc ng ca HT n ton
b con ngi, t chc v cc iu kin vt cht ca nh trng nhm lm cho vic i mi
PPDH t c mc tiu ra.
Nh vy, ch th qun l vic i mi PPDH l HT. i tng chu s qun l l T CM,
cng on, on thanh nin, ton th GV, Ban qun l c s vt cht, thit b dy hc phc v
vic i mi PPDH.
QL vic i mi PPDH phi thc hin theo 4 chc nng ca qun l l k hoch ha, t
chc, ch o thc hin v kim tra, iu chnh.
1.4.2. Ni dung qun l i mi PPDH
1.4.2.1. K hach ha vic i mi PPDH
K hoch i mi PPDH c coi nh mt nhim v ca nm hc trong k hoch hot
ng ca nh trng. C th :
- Xc nh mc ch i mi PPDH l pht huy cao tnh tch cc hc tp ca HS
nhm nng cao cht lng dy hc.
- Xc nh xu hng i mi PPDH v cc PPDH c th cn p dng.
- Xc nh cc ngun nhn lc, vt lc cho vic i mi PPDH ph hp vi iu kin
ca nh trng.
- Thit lp l trnh thc hin i mi PPDH cho tng giai on trong mt nm, cc nm
hc tip theo.
HT chuyn giao k hoch i mi PPDH n GV trong ton trng bng nhiu con
ng, hnh thc nh a vo trong ni dung hp giao ban vi lc lng cn b ct cn ca
nh trng, qua cc cuc hp vi T CM trong cc bui hp Hi ng GV.
1.4.2.2. T chc vic thc hin i mi PPDH
- Lp danh mc cng vic cn lm t mc tiu i mi PPDH. V d nh:
+ Tho lun thng nht mc tiu i mi PPDH trong ton trng.
+ La chn hng i mi chnh ca PPDH ti nh trng.
+ Bi dng PPDH tch cc cho GV ton trng.
+ Chun b c s vt cht, thit b dy hc phc v cho vic i mi PPDH.
- Phn cng nhim v cho tng c nhn, b phn trong trng tham gia i mi PPDH. C
th:
+ Ph hiu trng (PHT) cng vi T trng CM bn bc thng nht xy dng k hoch i
mi PPDH chung ca nh trng.
+ T trng CM (TTCM) trin khai k hoch i mi PPDH ca nh trng trong T mnh
sao cho ph hp vi tnh cht mn hc v tnh hnh ca T b mn.
+ GV chu trch nhim chnh trong vic i mi PPDH t khi lp k hoch bi dy n vic
trin khai PPDH trn lp v kim tra, nh gi kt qu hc tp ca HS.
+ Phng qun l thit b, th vin to iu kin v vt cht phc v tt cho vic i mi
PPDH ca GV.
+ Cng on trng, on thanh nin c trch nhim phi hp vi Ban gim hiu, TTCM
ng vin, n c v kim tra, iu chnh vic i mi PPDH GV.
1.4.2.3. Ch o thc hin i mi PPDH
- HT ra quyt nh ch o tng b phn, c nhn thc hin k hoch i mi PPDH nh:
+ T trng CM xy dng k hoch i mi PPDH ca T mnh lm c s cho tng GV
i mi PPDH, trong ch trng n hng i mi, l trnh i mi PPDH ca T, nhng
kin ngh vi nh trng vic i mi PPDH thnh cng T CM. Sau , TTCM trin khai
k hoch i mi n tng GV trong T CM, tho lun i n thng nht hng i mi, k
hoch i mi PPDH b mn.
+ PHTCM ln thi kha biu, phn phi phng hc p ng yu cu i mi PPDH ca
GV v T CM.
+ Ban c s vt cht, thit b dy hc ln k hoch b sung, sa cha, khai thc cc c s
vt cht, thit b dy hc phc v cho vic i mi PPDH, trnh lng ph, km hiu qu khi s
dng.
+ Cng on, on thanh nin hng ng k hoch i mi PPDH ca nh trng ln k
hoch cho hot ng phong tro i mi PPDH trong cc cng on vin, trong cc on vin.
- T chc cc lp tp hun, bi dng PPDH tch cc nhm trang b cho GV nhng
PPDH GV c nhiu c hi la chn ph hp. Ch ni dung, hnh thc bi dng, thi
gian thu ht nhiu GV v CBQL tham d.
- Trong ch o thc hin i mi PPDH, HT ch trng ch o t CM thc hin i mi
PPDH nh :
+ a vic i mi PPDH thnh mt ni dung chnh ca cc bui sinh hot chuyn mn
nhm gii quyt, tho g nhng vn ny sinh nh cha thng nht c mc tiu, hng i
mi PPDH, ng k tit thao ging, d gi GV hc hi PPDH ln nhau.
+ T CM qun l i mi PPDH ca GV ngay t k hoch bi dy. Kim tra mc ph
hp gia PPDH v mc tiu bi dy, PPDH c la chn v thit k nhm pht huy tnh tch
cc nhn thc ca HS.
+ T CM qun l vic i mi PPDH trn lp ca GV thng qua hnh thc d gi nh
k, t xut v cc gi thao ging. Ch khi dy gio vin s dng cc PPDH c la chn
v thit k trong tnh hung lp hc c th nh th no? C kt hp kho lo, linh hot cc
PPDH hay khng? cc PPDH pht huy tnh tch cc, c lp, sng to nhn thc ca HS n
mc no?
Trong bi dy trn lp gio vin kch thch hng th hc tp, khi dy tnh t m ham
hiu bit, i hi v to iu kin HS pht huy tnh tch cc hc tp trong hc tp t u n
cui bi dy hay khng? Chng hn nh cc cu hi c xut ra sao, cc bi luyn tp c
xy dng nh th no? Mc h thng ha v khi qut ha kin thc khi cng c bi hc
c thc hin nh th no?
1.4.2.4. Kim tra nh gi, iu chnh QL vic i mi PPDH
Kim tra l mt trong nhng chc nng ca cng tc qun l, nh c kim tra mi bit
c mc thc hin, kt qu v hiu qu thc hin ca GV v i mi PPDH trong ging
dy.
HT ch o PHT phi hp vi t trng CM xy dng nhng tiu chun kim tra k
hoch bi dy v trin khai bi dy trn lp theo hng i mi PPDH khi kim tra, nh
gi cng bng v khch quan.
Khi xy dng chun nh gi v vic trin khai k hach bi dy v trin khai bi dy
trn lp theo hng ly hat ng ca HS lm trung tm. Ngoi ra khi nh gi PPDH mi phi
ch PPDH c trng b mn, ph hp vi i tng HS, ch trng bi dng cho HS
phng php t hc, kh nng hp tc, rn luyn k nng vn dng kin thc vo thc tin, tc
ng n tnh cm, em li nim vui, hng th v trch nhim hc tp cho HS, trn c s
HT d gi mi gp chnh xc v i mi PPDH.
Kim tra k hoch ca TTCM v cc b phn nh phng chc nng (Phng thc hnh,
th nghim, th vin, phng vi tnh, phng mutimedia); on thanh nin, Cng on, b
phn ph trch CSVC xy dng k hoch theo hng i mi PPDH v p ng cho GV thc
hin i mi PPDH t hiu qu cao.
HT ch o TTCM kim tra trong k hoch bi dy ca GV theo nh k hoc t xut
vic GV thc hin i mi PPDH v c s chun b dng dy hc, thc y GV dng cc
phng tin DH hin i.
HT kim tra vic trin khai k hoch bi dy theo chun nh gi t u nm theo hng
i mi PPDH. Tuy nhin mun cng tc kim tra t hiu qu HT phi phi hp PHT, TTCM
d gi theo k hoch v d gi t xut. T gp v rt kinh nghim iu chnh vic
trin khai thc hin i mi PPDH cho ph hp vi giai on hin nay.
HT, PHT, TTCM phi thay phin nhau d gi tt c GV, nh gi trn c s cc phiu
d gi xy dng theo chun u nm, nhm pht hin nhng trng hp GV vn cha i
mi PPDH to iu kin gip , un nn kp thi.
BGH kim tra GV s dng dng trc quan, thc hnh th nghim, nhng phng tin
DH gip GV ng dng cng ngh thng tin nh Gio n in t phi hp cc PPDH hin i
khc, trnh s nhm chn, kch thch s hng th hc tp ca hc sinh hoc gip cc em t
khm ph kin thc mi bng PP dy hc theo d n, mt khi t khm ph cc em s hiu su
v nm vng kin thc, c nh vy cc em mi vn dng kin thc hc vo thc tin. HT
ch trng cng tc t kim tra cc b phn v gip cc b phn t iu chnh, b sung nhng
thiu st.
Ngoi tit d gi HT c th nh tham gia hp t, kim tra h s s sch chuyn mn,
nht l Gio n ca GV, t pht hin nhng GV dy i mi PP cha hiu qu th iu
chnh cho ph hp hoc t chc cc bui chuyn hoc mi cc chuyn gia trong lnh vc v
i mi PPDH tp hun, c nh vy i mi PPDH mi em li cht lng trong dy v
hc.
i mi cch ra kim tra, theo hng ti hin kin thc, hiu v vn dng tri thc
vo thc tin, dn dn chuyn sang hng kim tra vn p, i khi mnh dn p dng bi vit
tiu lun thay cho bi vit truyn thng t trc n nay, ng thi ngi qun l ch trng xy
dng ngn hng trnh tnh trng hc lch, hc t. Kim tra phi tht nghim tc, t
mi nh gi kt qu hc tp ca HS v cht lng ging dy ca mi GV.
Mi hc k HT t chc nh gi cc chuyn , cc bo co khoa hc, nhng bi vit v
i mi PPDH, s nh gi cng bng, khch quan t rt ra nhng bi hc kinh nghim v
c khen thng ng vin nhng GV c ng gp cao trong vic thc hin i mi PPDH.
Hiu trng c nhng bin php kch thch tm l GV, khi dy lng tn tm, yu ngh,
trch nhim, nhn thc ng n v tm quan trng ca vic i mi PPDH, ng vin v mt
tinh thn ln vt cht, nhm li cun cc b phn hot ng tch cc. Khen thng nhng c
nhn c thnh tch trong vic i mi PPDH v khin trch c nhn no khng thc hin hoc
thc hin khng nghim tc vic i mi PPDH.
Tiu kt chng 1
PPDH l mt thnh t thuc cu trc hot ng dy hc. i mi PPDH gp phn trc
tip, thit thc nng cao cht lng dy hc. Tuy nhin, vic i mi PPDH cn i ng hng,
rng khp v lin tc trong hot ng dy hc ca nh trng. Do , cng tc qun l vic i
mi PPDH l rt cn thit vic i mi PPDH tr thnh n by nng cao cht lng v hiu
qu dy hc.
GV l ngi chu trch nhim chnh, trc tip thc hin vic i mi PPDH, nhng qun
l vic i mi PPDH c bt u t HT n cc T CM, b phn trong trng. Mt s ch
o st sao t HT, s phi hp ng b gia cc b phn theo ng chc nng s c tc dng
ng vin, khch l rt ln n GV thc hin tt vic i mi PPDH.
vic i mi PPDH thnh cng cn k hoch ha vic i mi PPDH, t chc ch o
vic thc hin i mi PPDH, iu khin v kim tra, nh gi v iu chnh nhng sai lch
trong vic qun l i mi PPDH.












Chng 2: THC TRNG QUN L VIC I MI PPDH TRNG
THCS QUN 1-TP HCM

2.1. Khi qut v mu kho st
2.1.1. Khi qut v dy hc trng THCS ti Q.1 TP H Ch Minh
Qun 1 l qun trung tm ca TP H Ch Minh, c iu kin pht trin v mi mt nh
kinh t, vn ho x hi, l mt trong cc qun c s u t v c s vt cht v u t cho gio
dc cng c ch trng, nht l v phng tin dy hc hin i, nh vy m Phng Gio Dc
qun 1 ch o trin khai sm nht v thit k bi ging trn my tnh. Ngoi ra qun 1, c
mt s trng c s quan tm ch ca ca ph huynh qun khc v c s vt cht, cht
lng dy hc, v vy h rt mun gi con vo trng qun 1 nh trng Nguyn Du, Trn
Vn n. Bn cnh nhng mt mnh, qun 1 c nhng mt cn quan tm, mc d l qun trung
tm, cng c mt s trng ng trn a bn nh khu vc Cu Mui nh trng ng Khi,
Minh c hay trng c Tr ng khu M Lng nhng ni ny dn c xy ra nhiu t
nn nh cha m bun bn ma ty hoc dn nhp c, cha m HS lao ng chn tay, t quan tm
n vic hc hnh ca con em ca mnh, cng nh hng n cht lng dy v hc cho ton
qun, v a s ph huynh thiu s quan tm n vic hc con em h, mt khc cng c thnh
phn ph huynh kh gi nhng bn rn cng vic kim sng nn cng khng quan tm vic hc
tp ca con mnh, HS trn hc chi in t, nn tnh trng chung hin nay vn c nhiu HS
li hc, n lp thiu tp trung, iu cng nh hng n vic thc hin i mi PPDH
ca GV. Hin nay v thc hin i mi PPDH ang c x hi quan tm v rt nhiu bo i
cp n, mc d B Gio dc o to c ch trng n i mi PPDH, nhng thc t vn
cha nng cao cht lng gio dc, i mi PPDH qun 1, ch p dng i vi mt s thy c
tr v tch cc, cn hu nh ch p dng trong cc tit thao ging chuyn cp trng, cp
qun. V p dng phng php mi i hi ngi thy u t nhiu hn khi son gio n, thit
k bi ging theo hng ly hot ng hc sinh lm trung tm, trong phi c hot ng ca
thy v hot ng ca tr, lm sao nhng hot ng ca tr ng vai tr chnh, tch cc, ch
ng sng to trong quan h tng tc a chiu gia HS GV, HS HS, HS phng tin hc
tp, Hn th na cn c s qun l cht ch ca BGH v i mi PPDH th vic i mi
PPDH mi su, rng gp phn nng cao cht lng dy hc.
2.1.2. Mu kho st v cng c o lng
Qun 1 c 10 trng THCS, trong c 8 trng cng, 1 trng t ch ti chnh, 1
trng dn lp. Chng ti chn 6 trng gm 5 trng cng v 1 trng t ch ti chnh
kho st. mi trng, chng ti thm d kin ca CBQL (bao gm Ban gim hiu, T
trng, T ph cc t chuyn mn), GV v hc sinh (xem bng 2.1).
Bng 2.1. Mu kho st
CBQL
Trng
HT, PHT TT,TPCM
GV HS
Trn Vn n 2 9 61 148
Minh c 3 9 51 134
c Tr 3 8 42 122
ng Khi 2 8 44 123
Vn Lang 2 6 37 164
Hunh Khng Ninh
(TCTC)
2 6 20 104
Tng cng 14 46 255 795
Mu kho st GV v HS c ly mt cch ngu nhin. Ring mu kho st CBQL
chng ti ly tt c v s lng t.
kho st thc trng i mi PPDH trng THCS, chng ti s dng phiu thm d
( xem ph lc 2.1 v 2.2) vi cc cu hi ng v m v hai lnh vc l i mi PPDH v qun
l vic i mi PPDH. Mi cu hi c o theo 4 mc:
Mc 4: ng vi rt cn thit/ thc hin thng xuyn/ t kt qu tt/ Rt quan trng.
Mc 3: ng vi cn thit/ thc hin thnh thong/ t kt qu kh/ Quan trng
Mc 2: ng vi t cn thit/thc hin khng thng xuyn/ kt qu trung bnh/ t quan
trng
Mc 1: ng vi khng cn thit/ khng thc hin/ kt qu yu/ Khng quan trng.
Phiu hi c thm d trn ba i tng l GV, CBQL v HS. Ni dung phiu hi ca
GV v CBQL l ging nhau. Tuy ch c phiu hi HS c khc bi c nhng vn lin quan
n vic i mi PPDH v QL vic i mi PPDH hc sinh khng bit nn chng ti khng
hi. V th, mu kho st ca HS ln nhng cc s liu ch mang tnh tham kho, h tr cn
thng tin thu c t CBQL, GV mi l chnh cho vn chng ti kho st.
2.2. Thc trng i mi phng php dy hc THCS, Q1 -TP HCM
Tm l hc khng nh nhn thc l c s, nn tng cho hot ng ca con ngi din
ra. GV ch tch cc thc hin i mi PPDH khi h nhn thy cn thit phi i mi v CBQL
ch qun l hiu qu vic i mi PPDH khi nhn thy cn thit phi i mi PPDH trong hot
ng dy hc ca nh trng. Vy kt qu kho st mc nhn thc ca GV, CBQL v cc
vn lin quan n i mi PPDH nh th no?
2.2.1. Thc trng nhn thc v i mi PPDH
Kt qu kho st v s cn thit ca vic i mi PPDH c th hin bng di y.
T kt qu kho st, chng ti nhn xt nh sau:
Bng 2.2. Nhn thc v s cn thit ca vic i mi PPDH
Mc Rt cn thit Cn thit t cn thit Khng
GV CBQL GV CBQL GV CBQL GV CBQL
T l (%)
36.7 48.3 52.0 43.3 10.2 6.7 0.0 1.7

- a s GV v CBQL u cho rng i mi PPDH l rt cn thit (36.7% v 48.3%) v
cn thit (52.0% v 43.3%).
- Ch c b phn rt nh l cho rng i mi PPDH l t cn thit v khng cn thit (t l
% dao ng t 1.7 n 10.2), trong c 1.7% CBQL cho rng i mi PPDH l khng cn
thit.

Biu 2.1: Nhn thc v s cn thit ca vic i mi PPDH
Nhn vi biu 2.1 ta thy kt qu nhn thc ca CBQL, GV v i mi PPDH l iu
ng mng bi l chc chn CBQL, GV s tch cc hng ng, tham gia i mi PPDH v QL
tt vic i mi PPDH trong nh trng mnh.
Nhn thc cn thit phi i mi PPDH nhng i mi nhm mc ch g cn quan trng
hn bi trn thc t c nhiu GV cho rng i mi PPDH GV bt vt v v ni t, bt
phi ln lp nhiu dnh thi gian lm vic khc hay dy thm hoc i mi PPDH ch l
phong tro, hnh thc, lm cho c v th m vic i mi PPDH cha mang li cc kt qu ch
thc.
2.2.2. Thc trng nhn thc v mc ch i mi PPDH
Bng 2.3. Nhn thc v mc ch i mi PPDH ca GV
Quan trng
(%)
Bnh
thng
(%)
t (%) Khng (%) S
T
T
Mc


Cc mc ch
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
1
Nng cao cht lng
dy hc
87.1 95.0 12.1 5.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0
2
Kch thch hng th
hc tp, pht huy
tnh tch cc hc tp
ca HS
84.8 88.3 15.2 10.0 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0
3
Thc hin ch
trng ca ngnh
GD
20.3 58.3 55.9 38.3 14.1 1.7 8.6 0.0
4
p ng yu cu ca
dy hc trong thi
i hin nay
62.5 76.7 31.3 20.0 5.5 0.0 0.8 3.3
5
Ly thnh tch cho
nh trng
19.9 18.3 50.0 56.7 16.4 11.7 13.3 11.7
Nhn vo bng 2.3. chng ti thy GV v CBQL i mi PPDH v cc mc ch sau:
-Th nht, i mi PPDH Nng cao cht lng dy hc GV (87.1%) v CBQL (95%) c
kin ng tnh.
-Th hai, i mi PPDH Kch thch hng th hc tp, pht huy tnh tch cc hc tp ca
HS c GV (84.8%) v CBQL (88.3%) ng tnh.
-Th ba, i mi PPDH p ng yu cu ca dy hc trong thi i hin nay c
(62.5%) GV v (76.7%) xc nhn.
-Cn Thc hin ch trng ca ngnh GD c GV (20.3%) v CBQL (58.3%) ng tnh.
Cui cng Ly thnh tch cho nh trng c GV (50 %) v CBQL (56.7%) nhn nh bnh
thng.
R rng l GV thc hin i mi PPDH c xut pht t nhng mc ch bn trong v
bn ngoi, t s t nguyn n c s can thip ca vai tr qun l nh trng. Cn CBQL thc
hin i mi PPDH c xut pht t nhng mc ch em li li ch cho bn thn ngi hc
v khng ch trng thnh tch ca bn thn nh qun l.


Biu 2.2: Nhn thc v mc ch i mi PPDH
Nhn vo biu 2.2 chng ta nhn thy c GV v CBQL u c nhn thc tch cc v
i mi PPDH trong giai on hin nay. Tuy nhin CBQL u nh gi cao cc mt tch cc
vic thc hin i mi cao hn GV qua cc t l c thng k bng trn. i vi CBQL
cht lng dy hc c a ln hng u (95%).

2.2.3. Thc trng nhn thc v xu th i mi PPDH
Bng 2.4. Nhn thc v xu th i mi PPDH
Thng
xuyn (%)
Thnh
thong (%)
t khi (%) Khng bao
gi (%) S
T
T
Mc


Xu hng
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
1
Tch cc ha hot
ng dy hc
57.8 65.0 35.2 28.3 6.6 5.4 0.4 0.0
2
C bit ha hot ng
dy hc
6.3 11.7 42.6 41.7 39.1 30.0 5.9 10.0
3
Cng ngh ha hot
ng dy hc
10.9 28.3 64.1 58.3 20.7 10.0 2.3 1.7
Kt qu thm d bng 2.4 cho thy a s GV v CBQL xc nhn i mi PPDH
trng THCS thng xuyn theo hng tch cc ha hot ng hc hc sinh (t l % dao ng
t 57.8% n 65.0%).
Cn i mi PPDH theo hng c bit ha v cng ngh ha hot ng dy hc c
khong 1/2 GV, CBQL xc nhn thc hin mc thnh thong v t khi lm (t l % dao ng
t 41.7 n 64.1).
i mi PPDH theo hng tch cc ha hot ng hc ca HS l mt xu hng i mi
PPDH nm trong tm tay ca GV v CBQL v n khng lin quan nhiu n cc phng tin k
thut, cc iu kin dy hc khc nh xu hng c bit ha, cng ngh ha hot ng dy hc,
nn khi trin khai, thc hin khng qu kh i vi ch th hot ng dy hc v CBQL v ph
hp vi thc tin dy hc nh trng Vit Nam hin nay.

Biu 2.3: Nhn thc v xu th i mi PPDH
Qua biu 2.3 ta thy CBQL nhn nh xu th dy hc mi cao hn GV, bi l CBQL
lun mong mun PPDH mi c thc hin kh quan hn, tuy nhin kt qu dy hc theo
PPDH hin i cha cao, nht l PPDH theo hng c bit ha t l qu thp c GV (6.3%) v
CBQL (11.7%), y cng l mt trong nhng xu th dy hc mi m GV cn hng ti nhm
nng cao cht lng dy hc hin nay.
2.2.4. nh gi kh khn, thun li trong vic i mi PPDH
Nhn vo bng 2.5 di y, chng ti c nhn nh nh sau:
V Ni dung bi dy qu nng ghi nhn t GV (70.7%) v CBQL (81.7%), y cng l
nguyn nhn khch quan c nh hng n vic thc hin i mi PPDH, v kin thc nhiu,
gio vin kh t chc cc hot ng gip HS t duy, m phi dy PP truyn thng mi ti ht
lng kin thc cn t.
Mt kh khn na l Thi gian dnh cho HS t hc t iu ny cng c xc nhn
CBQL (46.7%) v GV (55.5%). iu ny chng t GV cha ch trng PP t hc ca HS.
iu kin dy hc, thit b dy hc thiu v lc hu nh gi ch mc trung bnh
c GV (54.7%) v CBQL (43.3%) ng tnh, t s liu ny ta thy vic s dng dng c trc
quan, tng tnh thc hnh HS vn dng kin thc hc vo thc tin cn hn ch.
GV cn t hiu bit v dy hc hin i nh gi mc trung bnh GV (50.4%) v
CBQL (46.7%) qua ta thy ch GV tip cn PPDH mi mc cha cao nn dn n
cn HS th ng v cha lm quen vi PPDH tch cc nhn nh ny cng c nh gi
mc nhiu qua GV (38.3%) v CBQL (48.3%).



Bng 2.5. Nhng kh khn khi i mi PPDH
Nhiu (%) TBnh (%) t (%) Khng (%) S
T
T
Mc

Kh khn
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
1
Ni dung bi dy qu
nng
70.7 81.7 21.9 13.3 3.1 3.3 1.6 1.7
2
iu kin dy hc, thit
b dy hc thiu v lc
hu
27.3 33.3 54.7 43.3 11.3 18.3 5.1 5.0
3
GV cn hiu bit t v
PPDH hin i
21.1 28.3 50.4 46.7 16.0 11.7 9.4 8.3
4
Thi gian dnh cho HS t
hc t
55.5 46.7 32.8 36.7 9.8 13.3 1.2 1.7
5
HS th ng v cha
quen PP hc tp tch cc
38.3 48.3 41.0 36.7 12.9 10.0 5.5 5.0
6
Tiu chun nh gi gi
dy ca GV cn nhiu bt
cp, vn theo PPDH dy
hc truyn thng
38.3 30.0 42.6 46.7 10.2 13.3 5.9 10.0
7
Nh trng cha khuyn
khch, cha to iu kin
cho vic i mi PPDH v
s HS thi rt.
26.2 21.7 33.6 23.3 14.5 15.0 23.4 38.3
8
Nh trng khng kim
tra, nh gi vic i mi
PPDH ca GV
24.2 16.7 30.1 26.7 14.1 13.3 28.9 41.7
9.
Nh trng cha pht
ng phong tro i mi
PPDH su rng trong ton
trng.
28.5 20.0 22.7 20.0 13.7 16.7 31.3 41.7
10
Trng cha c cc bin
php ch ti cho vic i
mi PPDH ca GV
25.4 26.7 34.0 26.7 14.5 15.0 23.4 30.0
Ni dung (1)
70.7 81.7 21.9 13.3 3.1 3.3 1.6 1.7
iu kin dy hc (2)
27.3 33.3 54.7 43.3 11.3 18.3 5.1 5.0
Hc sinh (t 3,4)
46.9 47.5 36.9 36.7 11.3 11.6 3.3 3.3
Gio vin (5)
21.1 28.3 50.4 46.7 16.0 11.7 9.4 8.3
Qun l (t 6-10)
28.5 23.0 32.6 28.6 13.4 14.6 22.5 32.3


Nhng nguyn nhn trn l cng do Nh trng cha c khuyn khch, cha to iu
kin cho vic i mi PPDH v s HS thi rt v Nh trng khng thng xuyn kim tra
nh gi vic i mi PPDH ca GV, iu ny c th hin mc thng xuyn khng
cao (t l % dao ng t 16.7 n 26.2).
Mt khc do Nh trng cha pht ng phong tro i mi PPDH su rng trong nh
trng c nh gi qua GV (28.5%) v CBQL (20%) vi t l ny ta thy BGH nh trng
khng ch trng a phong tro i mi PPDH n GV, ng thi trng cha c bin php
v nhn nh Trng cha c cc bin php ch ti cho vic i mi PPDH ca GV c xc
nhn GV (25.4%) v CBQL (26.7%).
CBQL nh gi kt qu ca hot ng dy hc ti trng kh quan hn so vi nh gi
ca GV v vn ny. Nhng t s liu HS cho ta thy thy c gip cc em rn k nng t hc
v k nng hc tp hp tc cng tng i t (Xem bng ph lc 2.3) v qua cng th hin
thy c cha ch trng pht huy tnh t hc, m l yu t then cht hc sinh t khm ph
t lnh hi kin thc, m thy c khng th cung cp ht cho HS t cc tit hc.
Cn PPDH gip cc em khai thc thng tin t nhiu ngun khc nhau th t l khng cao,
a s GV bm st sch gio khoa, GV cha hng dn cc em khai thc thng tin t nhiu
ngun khc nhau nh t sch tham kho b mn, t internet hoc qua tp chChnh v cc em
ch hc t nhng kin thc GV cung cp, thng tin hn hp, nn bn thn cc em khng tch
cc hng th trong qu trnh hc, v vy cc em lnh hi kin thc bi hc chnh xc nhng
cha phong ph, vic vn dng kin thc vo thc tin cha tt. T , c th thy rng vic
thc hin i mi PPDH cha thu c kt qu cao. T nhng phn tch trn, chng ti rt
ra mt s nhn xt sau:
- Nhng kh khn cn tr n vic i mi PPDH phi k n ni dung v iu kin dy
hc.
- Tip theo phi k n yu t GV v HS.


- Cui cng l cc yu t thuc v CBQL






Biu 2.4: nh gi thun li, kh khn trong vic i mi PPDH
Nhn vo biu 2.4 ta thy mc nh gi nhng kh khn trong vic i mi PPDH
t pha GV v CBQL gn bng nhau, s chnh lch khng ng k, v u cng nhn ni dung
bi dy qu nng, tip theo l thi gian dnh cho HS t hc t nn dn n HS th ng cha
quen PP hc tp tch cc. Chnh v vy m GV cng gp kh khn trong vic thc hin i mi
PPDH hin nay.
2.2.5. Thc trng s dng cc PPDH trong dy hc trng THCS, Q.1
Nhn vo kt qu bng 2.6 di y, chng ta d dng nhn thy:
- Cc PPDH truyn thng c GV v CBQL xc nhn s dng mc nhiu c bit
phi k n PP m thoi (t l % dao ng t 64.1 n 65)
- Cc PPDH hin i ch c s dng thp hn, trong , ch c mt s GV v CBQL
xc nhn c s dng PP dy hc theo nhm nh v DH gii quyt vn mc nhiu (t l %
dao ng t 32% n 50%), cn PP dy hc theo tnh hung v dy hc theo d n ch c mt
s t GV v CBQL xc nhn c s dng mc nhiu (t l % dao ng t 3.9% n 23%).
Bng 2.6: Mc s dng cc PPDH
Nhiu (%)
Trung bnh
(%)
Rt it (%) Khng (%)
S
T
T
Mc


Cc phng php
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
1 Phng php thuyt trnh 28.5 26.7 48.4 45.0 17.2 20.0 2.3 1.7
2 Phng php m thoi 64.1 65.0 30.1 33.3 4.7 0.0 0.0 0.0
3
PP nghin cu SGK v ti
liu tham kho
43.4 43.3 45.7 50 9.8 5.0 0.4 0.0
4 Phng php trc quan 50.8 56.7 36.7 33.3 11.7 10.0 0.0 0.0
5 Phng php luyn tp 61.3 50.0 34.0 46.7 3.5 1.7 0.0 0.0
6
Phng php kim tra vn
p
38.7 35 48.8 51.7 10.9 13.3 0.4 0.0
7 Phng php kim tra vit 42.2 46.7 48.4 46.7 7.0 6.7 0.8 0.0
8
Phng php kim tra thc
hnh
35.2 21.7 44.5 56.7 17.6 15 0.8 5.0
9 PP thuyt trnh nu vn 30.1 31.7 43.8 35.0 22.3 31.7 2.0 0.0
10 PP tho lun nhm nh 35.9 50.0 32.8 33.3 28.9 15.0 0.4 0.0
11 PP dy hc gii quyt vn 32.8 45.0 33.2 30.0 31.6 25.0 0.4 0.0
12
Phng php dy hc bng
tnh hung
20.3 23.3 33.6 46.7 36.3 28.3 7.8 1.7
13 PP dy hc theo d n 3.9 11.7 17.2 10.0 36.3 55.0 40.2 23.3
PPDH truyn thng
(t 1 - 8)
43.8 41.9 42.3 44.3 11.6 11.5 0.7 0.7

PPDH mi (t 9 -13) 23.2 32.5 29.2 30 33.3 30.8 12.2 6.3
T kt qu xc nhn trn ta thy a s GV s dng PPDH truyn thng nhiu hn, cn
PPDH mi nh PPDH theo d n c s dng mc thp. Thm d v vn ny chng ti
c hi thm kin ca HS (xem ph lc 2.3). Kt qu kho st cho thy HS xc nhn mc
s dng cc PPDH hin i mc thp, ngay c PPDH theo nhm nh. Nhng PPDH th hin
tnh tch cc, c lp v t ch cao trong hc tp, to nhiu c hi HS rn luyn k nng t
hc, k nng lm vic cng nhau v nhiu kh nng khc nh PPDH gii quyt vn , PPDH
bng tnh hung v PPDH theo d n th ch c GV s dng t. Qua chng ta nhn thy
GV cha s dng PPDH mi mt cch thng xuyn.
R rng l nhn thc l mt chuyn, thc hin theo hng nhn thc th khc. So vi kt
qu nhn thc v xu hng tnh cc ha hot ng hc tp ca HS th cc PPDH hin i s
phi c s dng mc thng xuyn mi ng.

Biu 2.5: Mc s dng cc PPDH
Qua bng biu 2.5 chng ta thy khi nh gi ca CBQL v PPDH cao hn GV v
c bit t s liu ca HS (xem ph lc 2.3) ta thy PPDH truyn thng chim hu ht trong
cc tit dy, cn PPDH hin i ch thi thong GV mi s dng.
Kt qu kho st mc s dng cc PPDH trong thc tin dy hc chng t vic i
mi PPDH cha thc s thng xuyn, cha mang tnh ph bin. Cn c nhng bin php h
tr vic i mi PPDH thc s mang li kt qu nht nh.
Vi mc s dng cc PPDH c trnh by trn, CBQL, GV s nh gi hiu
qu i mi PPDH n hot ng hc tp ca HS ra sao?
2.2.6. nh gi kt qu ca vic i mi PPDH
Bng 2.7: Kt qu i mi PPDH n hot ng hc tp ca HS
Tt (%) Kh (%) T.Bnh (%) t (%) S
T
T
Mc

Hiu qu
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
1
HS hng th vi mn hc, bi
hc
36.7 43.3 48.8 45 13.7 11.7 0.4 0.0
2
HS tch cc, c lp trong hc
tp
16.4 28.3 54.3 56.7 26.2 15 1.6 0.0
3
Bi dy tr nn sinh ng, hp
dn
33.2 50 35.9 36.7 27 10 2.3 3.3
4
Rn luyn k nng t hc ca
HS
14.8 31.7 44.9 35 27.3 30 12.1 3.3
5
Rn luyn k nng hc tp hp
tc HS
16.8 38.3 43.8 28.3 26.6 25 11.7 6.7
6
Rn k nng khai thc thng tin
t nhiu ngun khc nhau phc
v cho bi hc HS
19.9 33.3 34 40 34.8 20 10.2 6.7
7
HS lnh hi kin thc bi hc
chnh xc, phong ph
25 30 46.5 48.3 24.2 15 4.3 5.0
8
Cht lng bi hc c nng
cao
27.3 45 47.3 36.7 4.7 13.3 0.0 5.0
Kch thch hng th HT
(t 1-3)
28.8 40.5 46.3 46.1 22.3 12.2 1.4 1.1
Rn k nng(t 4-6) 17.2 34.4 40.9 34.4 29.6 25 11.3 5.6
Cht lng HT(t 7-8) 26.2 37.5 46.9 42.5 14.5 14.2 2.2 5.0
Nhn vo bng 2.7 chng ti nhn thy kt qu m cc bi dy em li cho HS nh sau:
- HS hng th vi mn hc, bi hc v Bi hc sinh ng, hp dn c GV v
CBQL xc nhn mc kh v tt (t l % dao ng t 33.2% n 50%). V hai tc dng ny
nn CBQL, GV cng xc nhn Cht lng bi hc c nng ln mc tt (27.3% v 45%)
v mc kh (36.7% v 47.3%).
- Cc kt qu khc c GV v CBQL nh gi mc khc nh HS tch cc, c lp
trong hc tp; Rn luyn k nng t hc ca HS; Rn luyn k nng hc tp hp tc HS
v Rn k nng khai thc thng tin t nhiu ngun khc nhau phc v cho bi hc HS c
khong 50% CBQL, GV xc nhn mc kh.
V th, kt qu HS lnh hi kin thc bi hc chnh xc, phong ph ch c khong
30% CBQL, GV xc nhn.
tin cho vic quan st kt qu t vic i mi PPDH n hot ng hc ca HS,
chng ti nhm gp cc kt qu theo ba nhm v c xp hng nh sau:
- Bi dy kch thch hng th hc tp HS c xc nhn mc cao nht trong ba nhm
kt qu. Tuy nhin khi tr chuyn vi HS chng ti c bit cc em hng th vi bi hc bi
v hiu v ghi chp c bi hc.
- Cht lng bi hc c nng ln, xp th hai. Cht lng bi hc c nh gi ch
HS tr li c cc cu hi ca bi hc, HS tch cc tham gia cc hot ng ca GV t chc
trn lp v HS lm bi kim tra t kt qu. iu chng ta bn n l cc hot ng GV t chc
trn lp vn xoay quanh kiu dy hc truyn thng v cc dng bi kim tra vn ch xoay
quanh nhng kin thc trong sch gio khoa v bi ghi trn lp. Tnh sng to, tnh c lp v
t ch ca HS cha c coi l mt mc tiu v mt tiu ch nh gi kt qu bi hc, mn
hc.
- Rn luyn cc k nng hc tp cho HS c xp mc cui cng. iu ny cng ph
hp vi cc phn tch trn. Hin nay chng ta lo lng l hot ng dy hc trong nh trng
cha gp phn hnh thnh HS nhng kh nng c lp, t ch, hp tc ca ngi lao ng
trong tng lai.

Biu 2.6: Kt qu i mi PPDH n hot ng hc ca HS
Nhn vo biu 2.6 chng ta d dng nhn thy:
- Cc yu t gip HS t gic hc tp v rn k nng t mc ch nng cao cht lng
hc tp u nh gi mc di 50%, thp hn l nhn nh ca GV, c bit HS cn nhn
nh thp hn c GV v CBQL (xem ph lc 2.3)
- CBQL nh gi kt qu ca hot ng dy hc ti trng kh quan hn so vi nh gi
ca GV v vn ny
Qua ta thy vic thc hin i mi PPDH cha c quan tm ng mc t GV v
CBQL v kt qu i mi PPDH vn cha em li cc kt qu mong i.
2.3. Nguyn nhn ca thc trng i mi PPDH
T kt qu kho st thc trng v i mi PPDH v thc trng qun l v i mi
PPDH, kt hp vi tr chuyn vi GV v CBQL (xem ph lc 2.4) chng ti rt ra mt s
nguyn nhn ca thc trng i mi PPDH nh sau:
Nguyn nhn ch quan
- a s GV cn cha hiu thu o PPDH mi v c mt s GV ngi kh trong vic u t
son ging, tm kim cc thng tin i mi PPDH. Khi i mi PPDH lin quan n nhiu
yu t nh chun b phng tin dy hc, thit k cc PPDH cho ph hp vi tnh hung lp
hc. V th, nhiu GV ngi i mi, c dy vi cc PPDH truyn thng va an ton, va khng
tn nhiu thi gian v cng sc. Mt gio vin chia s i mi PPDH chc chn s lm cho
HS thch th hc tp v nng cao cht lng bi dy nhng vt v v tn nhiu thi gian
- Nhiu trng cha c khen thng nhng c nhn c thnh tch trong vic i mi
PPDH v khin trch c nhn khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng nghim tc vic i mi
PPDH. S co bng trong nh gi dn n tnh trng GV thiu nhit huyt trong vic i mi
PPDH. Khi th nghim cc PPDH mi c nhiu nguy c tht bi d cho chun b k. Trong
khi , lp hc truyn thng nghing v tnh k lut, s tn nghim trong lp hn l tnh dn
ch, thoi mi ca HS trong hc tp. V th, cc phng hc khng c thit k cch m, lp
ny n o do qu khch khi tho lun hay tranh lun lp tc s b nhc nh hoc khin trch v
nh hng n cc lp khc. T , d b theo di v tm kim cc li khc kt ti GV ch v
i mi PPDH. Cn nhng GV khc khng i mi PPDH th c cho l GV gng mu,
t chc tit hc tt c khi khng quan tm, khen thng. iu ny cng khin cho cc GV
trong trng c xu hng khng mun i mi PPDH. Mt GV ni : i mi lm g v c i
cng vy, khng i cng vy c c g u, c khi cn gy thm phin phc cho chnh mnh
- Khu kim tra nh gi hc sinh cng nh hng n cht lng dy hc, nht l dy
hc theo PP mi, v thng cc kim tra, thi nng v l thuyt, m c GV v CBQL u
mun hc sinh c im cao, nht l thi ca Phng GD- T v S GD- T, nn GV dy
theo cc PPDH truyn thng mi p ng yu cu ca thi. Kim tra nh hng khng nh
n ng hng dy hc bi n l khu cui v l cng l khu u cho mt qui trnh dy hc.
Thay i PPDH i hi phi thay i kim tra, nh gi kt qu hc tp ca HS. Cc PPDH
mi c th hnh thnh ngi hc nhiu gi tr, nhiu k nng t hc nhng nu khng c cc
bin php h tr rt c th lm cho HS lnh hi kin thc bi hc, mn hc thiu tnh h thng,
tnh y v c tnh chnh xc na. iu ny khng ph hp vi kim tra trn lp vi mc
ti hin cao v s khng ph hp vi khun mu t duy ca ph huynh hc sinh. Mt GV
ni: i g th i vn phi m bo hc sinh lp mnh hc thi t im cao ch khng th
phin phc lm.
- Mt s HS hin nay li ng no khi n lp, nh khng son bi, khng xem trc
bi nh, nn n lp GV kh i mi PPDH.
Nguyn nhn khch quan
- Do ni dung chng trnh qu nng, nn GV kh p dng PPDH mi. Trao i vi GV
c bit: Chng trnh qu nng, chy b hi tai mi kp cn thi gian u m p dng tho
lun nhm hay nghin cu ti liu trn lp.
- dng dy hc cn thiu v lc hu nn nn GV t s dng hoc s dng thiu hiu
qu, dn n tnh trng dy chay hoc trang thit b qu s si khi s dng cha m bo tnh
khoa hc v cha to s hng th cho HS.
- Mi trng cc em hot ng cn hn hp, ni tham quan cha c tnh gio dc hay
cha t chc cc hot ng cc em va hc va chi nn HS ch hc nng l thuyt, thiu
tnh thc tin. Phng hc dnh cho t hc ca HS cn thiu, bn gh khng tin di chuyn
gy kh khn cho GV v HS khi thc hin cc PPDH tch cc.
- Chun nh gi gi ln lp chm thay i khng ph hp vi dy hc hin i khin
GV b b hp trong khun mu truyn thng, dn thnh thi quen ngi thay i. Mt s GV
chia s c hc PPDH hin i nhng v trng c p dng c u v dy theo cc PPDH
c hc b nh gi gi dy khng tt, v nh gi cha phn nh thc cht vic i mi
PPDH hin nay.
- Lng GV cn thp, tn ti v pht trin GV phi tm mi cch tng thu nhp
khng cn nhiu thi gian v cng sc u t cho vic thc hin i mi PPDH. Mt c cho
bit Lng thp qu, GV phi dy thm sng, thi gian u m u t cho vic i mi
PPDH mc d bit i mi l rt tt, nhng trc ht phi i mi tin lng . Lng tng
my chc ngn, vt gi tng nh vy l u li vo y.
- Tp hun v i mi PPDH cn hn ch v thi gian, ni dung, hnh thc t chc cha
cht ch. Thc trng nhng t tp hun i mi PPDH thng dnh cho GV gii, c nhiu
kinh nghim nhng li b hn ch v cng ngh thng tin v ngoi ng nn tip thu b hn ch.
Cn b lnh o vin c nhiu vic khng i tp hun nn khng c s thay i ng b v
PPDH t lnh o nh trng n GV. Nn vic chn v c ngi tham gia tp hun i mi
PPDH cng cn c quan tm ng mc.
- T chc trin khai cc PPDH c tp hun trong thc tin dy hc nh trng
cha c quan tm v ch o st nn tp hun v ri b . Cc GV i tp hun v ni vui
Cm n d n cho tin, cho GV, cn b GD ba min gp nhau.
- Do p lc thi c t cp trn nn GV s khng khi HS lm bi dn n im khng
cao nn phi c cho cho HS chp. Mt khc thi nng tnh l thuyt, t im lin h thc tin
nn buc GV dy hc theo PP truyn thng th kt qu bi lm ca HS mi t im cao.
2.4.Thc trng qun l vic i mi PPDH THCS Qun1, TPHCM
Nh thm d v phn tch trn, nguyn nhn ca thc trng i mi PPDH cha
c nh mong i trong vic qun l i mi PPDH cha c quan tm v thc hin tt.
Vy thc trng QL vic i mi PPDH trng THCS ti Q.1 TP.HCM nh th no?

2.4.1. Thc trng t chc, iu khin vic i mi PPDH
Bng 2.8: Thc trng t chc, iu khin vic i mi PPDH
T.xuyn
(%)
t khi (%) Rt t (%) Khng
(%)
S
T
T
Mc

Ni dung

GV CB
QL

GV CB
QL

GV CB
QL

GV CB
QL

1 Trng a i mi PPDH thnh
hat ng trng tm trong k hoch
nm hc
66.4 83.3 32.0 16.7 1.3 0.0 0.4 0.0
2 BGH trin khai k hoch M PPDH
ti trng, ph ngay t u nm hc
59.8 81.7 34.8 11.7 5.5 6.7 0.0 0.0
3 Trin khai k hoch i mi PPDH,
c tng kt, nh gi
50.8 81.7 33.6 11.7 14.1 6.7 1.2 0.0
4 Ph bin, t chc tho lun v mc
ch ca vic i mi PPDH trong
Hi ng GV, sinh hot T b mn
43.8 53.3 31.3 33.3 22.3 10.0 2.7 1.7
5 M lp bi dng cho GV v
PPDH hin i, ng dng CNTT
trong DH
25.4 43.3 35.5 45.0 32.0 8.3 7.0 3.3
6. T chc Hi ngh, Hi tho khoa
hc v i PPDH trong nh trng
7.0 20.0 33.2 41.7 34.8 18.3 25.0 20.0
7 T chc cc gi dy p dng cc
PPDH hin i, rt kinh nghim v
nhn rng trong ton th GV
35.9 55.0 41.0 28.3 18.0 16.7 3.5 0.0

T l % TB chung 41.3 59.7 34.4 26.9 18.2 9.5 5.6 3.5
T kt qu bng 2.8 chng ti c nhn nh nh sau:
- Trng a vic i mi PPDH thnh hot ng trng tm trong k hoch nm hc
c a s GV v CBQL xc nhn mc thng xuyn GV (66.4%) v CBQL (83.3%). Nh
vy, vic i mi PPDH c k hoch ha v l mt hot ng trng tm ca nh trng
ch khng phi l hot ng t pht ca c nhn hay nhm GV no .
- BGH trin khai k hoch i mi PPDH ti trng, ph cc n v trong nh trng
ngay t u nm hc cng c a s GV v CBQL xc nhn thc hin thng xuyn GV
(59.8%) v CBQL (81,7%). Qua ta thy BGH c ch trng xy dng v trin khai k hoch
vic thc hin i mi PPDH kh tt.
- Trin khai k hoch i mi PPDH, c tng kt nh gi, cng c (50.8%) GV v
(81.7%) CBQL xc nhn thc hin thng xuyn. R rng l CBQL xc nhn vic k hoch
ha v trin khai k hoch i mi PPDH cao hn so vi mc xc nhn ca GV. iu ny
c th gii thch CBQL ln k hoch nhng vic trin khai k hoch trong thc tin hot
ng ca nh trng v n GV nh th no v c c GV quan tm ng mc hay khng li
l vn khc. C th k hoch lm cho c i ph vi lnh o cp trn? Hay k hoch
khng kh thi nn khng c GV tham gia hoc do nh trng cha chun b cc iu kin
thc hin k hoch?,
thc hin k hoch i mi PPDH cn to nn tim lc t GV l bi dng cho
GV nhng kin thc, k nng v PPDH hin i v to nn khng kh i mi PPDH trong nh
trng. Chng ti tm hiu v cc vn ny nh sau:
- M cc lp bi dng cho GV v PPDH hin i, ng dng cng ngh thng tin trong
dy hc ta thy t l thng xuyn ca GV (25.4 %), cn nh gi ca CBQL (43.3%). T
nhn nh trn chng ta nhn thy ch c mt s trng c m lp bi dng, vn cn c
trng cha u t v cng tc bi dng cng ngh thng tin (CNTT). Nu GV khng c
bi dng v PPDH hin i, ng dng CNTT trong dy hc th h c mun i mi PPDH
cng kh khn bi li m mm, th - sai dn n tht bi v chn nn. T l GV khng c
bi dng thng xuyn v PPDH hin i chim ti (74.6%), mt con s khng nh.
Chng ti hi mt s GV khng tham gia bi dng v PPDH hin i th c bit
do trng khng m lp bi dng, c lp bi dng do S GD-T hay B GD-T t chc th
khng c c tham d. C GV ni trng c t chc nhng bn nhiu vic nn khng tham
gia.
- T chc Hi ngh, Hi tho khoa hc v i PPDH trong nh trng nh gi ca
GV (7%) CBQL (20%). Qua ta thy BGH cha quan tm n vn ny, y l mt hn
ch a s cc trng THCS, dn n vic thc hin i mi PPDH cha c phong tro, cha
to nn mt mi trng i mi PPDH trong nh trng, cha to nn nhiu mi tin cng vo
vic i mi PPDH.
n y phn no c th gii p c bn khon trn do nh trng cha trin khai
cc iu kin thc hin k hoch i mi PPDH. Nu k hoch c thit lp nhng khng
quan tm n cc ngun lc thc hin k hoch th k hoch ch tn ti trn vn bn ch khng
tr thnh hin thc trong thc tin.
- T chc cc gi dy p dng cc PPDH hin i, rt kinh nghim v nhn rng thnh
cng trong ton th GV ch c (35.9%) GV xc nhn thc hin mc thng xuyn cn
CBQL c (55%) xc nhn v vn ny. Vic i mi PPDH c th hin r nht, tp
trung nht v hiu qu nht l tng bi dy trn lp. Nhng kt qu kho st cho thy trong
cc trng THCS c kho st t trng t chc, v nu c t chc th cng khng thng
xuyn. Nu khng t chc p dng vic i mi PPDH trong tng bi dy v t chc d gi,
rt kinh nghim t nhn rng ra trong ton trng th vic i mi PPDH vn ch l hnh
thc, h khu hiu.

Biu 2.7: T chc, ch o vic i mi PPDH
Nhn vo biu 2.7 ta thy, khi nhn nh v cc bin php thc hin i mi PPDH,
kin nh gi ca CBQL lun cao hn so vi kin ca GV. iu ny chng t CBQL cha
c cc bin php qun l hiu qu nhm ng vin, khuyn khch ng o GV tham gia i
mi PPDH trong hot ng dy hc ca nh trng.
2.4.2. Thc trng kim tra, nh gi QL vic i mi PPDH
Kim tra, nh gi nhm tm ra nhng sai lch iu tit cng tc qun l vic i mi
PPDH trong trng THCS ti Q.1 TP.HCM. y chnh l khu cui cng ca qui trnh QL ny
v cng chun b m u cho mt qui trnh QL mi cho vic i mi PPDH.
Kt qu kho st v vn ny c th hin bng 2.9 di y, chng ti c nhn xt
nh sau:
Cc bin php QL kim tra, nh gi vic i mi PPDH c GV v CBQL cho l thc
hin mc thng xuyn trong s cc bin php l:
- Bin php BGH kim tra, n c vic trin khai k hoch i mi PPDH t b
mn v tng GV c (57.4%) GV v (78.3%) CBQL xc nhn thc hin mc thng
xuyn. Cn gn GV trong mu kho st xc nhn cng vic trn ch c thc hin mc t.
Bng 2.9 Thc trng kim tra, nh gi vic i mi PPDH
Thng
xuyn (%)
t khi (%) Rt t
(%)
Khng
(%)
S
T
T
Mc

Bin php
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
GV
CB
QL
1 BGH kim tra, n c vic trin
khai k hoch i mi PPDH t b
mn v tng GV
57.4 78.3 29.7 13.3 12.5 6.7 0.4 0.0
2 Xy dng chun nh gi hiu qu
i mi PPDH trong tng bi dy
17.6

35.0

33.2 41.7 34.0 10.0 14.5 13.3
3 BGH kim tra vic i mi PPDH
trong Gio n ca GV
37.9 63.3 27.7 21.7 31.3 13.3 2.3 1.7
4 BGH kim tra i mi PPDH trn
lp ca GV qua d gi
60.5 66.7 25.8 11.7 12.5 16.7 0.4 1.7
5 a vic i mi PPDH thnh mt
tiu chun nh gi gi dy
45.3 60.0 28.5 21.7 20.7 13.3 4.3 5.0
6 i mi PPDH l mt tiu chun xt
danh hiu thi ua ca GV
35.5 46.7 30.5 25.0 22.3 20.0 10.9 6.7
7 Khen thng v trch pht r rng
i vi vic i mi PPDH GV
trong ton trng
19.5 25.0 34.0 41.7 26.6 20.0 18.8 13.3

T l % TB chung 39.1 53.7 30.1 25.3 23.1 14.5 7.4 6.2
- BGH kim tra vic i mi PPDH trn lp ca GV qua d gi c c GV v CBQL
cho rng thng xuyn chim t l tng i cao (dao ng 60.5% - 66.7%). Tuy nhin vi t l
ny vn cn nhiu trng hp GV cha c d gi v nh gi gi dy theo hng i mi
PPDH.
- Bin php a vic i mi PPDH thnh mt tiu chun nh gi gi dy cng c
(45.3%) GV v (60%) CBQL xc nhn thc hin mc thng xuyn. Nhn vo t l ny
chng ta d dng nhn thy vic i mi PPDH cha tr thnh mt yu cu bt buc, mt mc
tiu cn thc hin cho tt c GV v CBQL trong nh trng.
Cc bin php qun l vic kim tra, nh gi vic i mi PPDH c cho l thc hin
mc t v km hiu qu, l:
- Bin php BGH kim tra vic i mi PPDH trong Gio n ca GV c (37.9%)
GV v (63.3%) CBQL xc nhn thc hin mc thng xuyn. Rt c th CBQL quan tm
n vn ny khi duyt k hoch bi dy ca GV nhng cha c nhng nhc nh i vi GV
cha th hin vic i mi PPDH trong k hoch bi dy, nn GV khng nhn c thng tin
phn hi t pha CBQL. V iu ny cng th hin s iu chnh qun l vic i mi PPDH
i vi GV t CBQL v cha c s nghim khc dt khot.
- Bin php i mi PPDH l mt tiu chun xt danh hiu thi ua ca GV ch c
(35.5%) GV v (46.7%) CBQL cho rng thc hin thng xuyn. Qua ta thy CBQL cha
ch trng vn ny, v chng ta khng th co bng gia GV chuyn tm vo vic i mi
PPDH vi GV vn dy PPDH truyn thng, nu a vo xt thi ua th y cng l mt trong
nhng ng lc GV i mi PPDH, GV no cng cn c ghi nhn, nh gi ng nng
lc cng sc ca mnh b ra.
- Xy dng chun nh gi hiu qu i mi PPDH trong tng bi dy ch c (17.6
%) GV v (35%) CBQL trong mu kho st xc nhn thc hin mc thng xuyn. V iu
ng ngc nhin l ch c rt t GV ng tnh vi CBQL v vn ny. C th do cc chun
nh gi gi dy cha c xy dng theo hng i mi PPDH hoc c iu chnh nhng
cha ph hp v khng lm ni bt tnh cht i mi PPDH trong chun nh gi gi dy. Qua
ta thy HT cha ch o PHT cng TTCM trin khai vic xy dng chun nh gi cho ph
hp vi tng bi dy, khi d gi nh gi tit dy ca GV mi chnh xc.
Cui cng l bin php Khen thng v trch pht r rng i vi vic i mi PPDH
GV trong ton trng ta thy mc thng xuyn rt thp GV v CBQL u l 25%. T
kt qu thm d ny chng ta thy tnh trng co bng trong vic nh gi i mi PPDH vn
cn l tnh trng ph bin trong nh gi dy hc v gio dc ca nh trng Vit Nam. iu
ny dn n tnh trng khng khuyn khch nhng ngi tch cc tham gia i mi PPDH v
cng cha c cc bin php rn e i vi nhng ai cha thc hin vic i mi PPDH trong
nh trng.

Biu 2.8: Kim tra, nh gi QL vic i mi PPDH
- Nhn vo biu 2.8 chng ta d dng nhn thy bin php xy dng chun nh gi
gi dy theo hng i mi PPDH v bin php khen thng v trch pht trong vic i mi
PPDH c nh gi l thc hin km thng xuyn v km hiu qu.
- CBQL khi nhn nh v nh gi v cc bin php QL vic kim tra, nh gi i mi
PPDH trn lun lun cao hn GV, iu ny cho thy CBQL lun mong mun t kt qu kh
quan, tuy nhin s nhn nh ny ph thuc nhiu GV v h l i tng ca s qun l l
ngi trc tip thc hin vic i mi PPDH.
* So snh s khc bit gia GV v CBQL
Chng ti mun bit kin nh gi ca CBQL c g khc bit so vi kin nh gi
ca GV v cc vn c lin quan n i mi PPDH v qun l v i mi PPDH? Tr li
cu hi ny chng ti dng kim nghim pearson (xem bng 2.10).
Bng 2.10: So snh kin ca GV v CBQL v i mi PPDH
v QL vic i mi PPDH

GV CBQL
Pearson Correlation 1 .612
**

Sig. (2-tailed)

.000
GV
N 56 56
Pearson Correlation .612
**
1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
CBQL
N 56 56
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
S bin a vo kim nghim l 56 (cho GV) v 56 (cho CBQL), vi mc ngha
=0.01. Kt qu kim nghim cho thy :
- C s khc bit ln gia kin nh gi ca GV so vi kin nh gi ca CBQL v
vn trn P = 0.000 < (xc nhn c s khc bit ngha). iu ny c ngha l kin nh
gi ca CBQL thng mc cao hn, lc quan hn so vi kin nh gi ca GV v vn
ny t phng din nhn thc n phng din thc hin.
- C s tng quan gia GV v CBQL v vn ny (
X
GV
= 3.01,
X
CBQL
= 3.16, h s
tng quan =0.62, xc nhn c h s tng quan rt cao. iu ny c ngha l vn no GV
nh gi thp th CBQL cng nh gi thp, cn nhng vn no GV nh gi cao th CBQL
cng nh gi cao.
*So snh ring tng bnh din
i vi vic i mi PPDH
so snh s khc bit gia 2 nhm kho st GV v CBQL v i mi PPDH (xem
bng 2.11).

Bng 2.11: So snh s khc bit gia GV v CBQL v i mi PPDH

CBQL GV
Pearson Correlation 1 .594
**

CBQL
Sig. (2-tailed)

.000
N 41 41
Pearson Correlation .594
**
1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000

GV
N 41 41
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Chng ti dng kim nghim pearson S bin a vo kim nghim l 41 (cho GV) v
41(cho CBQL), vi mc ngha =0.01. Kt qu kim nghim cho thy :
-C s khc bit ln gia kin GV so vi kin ca CBQL v vn trn P= 0.000 <
( xc nhn c s khc bit ngha). iu ny c ngha l kin nh gi ca CBQL thng
mc cao hn v lc quan hn so vi kin ca GV v vn ny t phng din nhn thc
n phng din thc hin.
- C s tng quan gia GV v CBQL v vn ny, nhng khng ln (h s tng
quan =0.594). iu ny c ngha l vn no GV nh gi thp th khng c ngha l CBQL
cng nh gi thp, cn nhng vn no GV nh gi cao th CBQL cng khng hon ton
nh gi cao v vn i mi PPDH.
i vi vic QL i mi PPDH
so snh s khc bit gia 2 nhm kho st GV v CBQL v QL vic i mi PPDH,
chng ti dng kim nghim pearson, s bin a vo kim nghim l 14 (cho GV) v 14 (cho
CBQL), vi mc ngha =0.01. (xem bng 2.12).



Bng 2.12: So snh khc bit gia GV v CBQL v QL i mi PPDH

GV CBQL
Pearson Correlation 1 .763
**

Sig. (2-tailed)

.002
GIO VIN
N 14 14
Pearson Correlation .763
**
1
Sig. (2-tailed) .002
CBQL
N 14 15
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Kt qu kim nghim cho thy :
- C s khc bit ln gia kin GV so vi kin ca CBQL v vn trn P= 0.002 <
(xc nhn c s khc bit ngha). iu ny c ngha l kin nh gi ca CBQL thng
mc cao hn ca GV v vn Ql vic i mi PPDH.
- C s tng quan cao gia kin nh gi ca GV v CBQL v vn ny (h s
tng quan =0.763), xc nhn c tng quan cao. iu ny c ngha l vn no GV nh gi
thp th CBQL cng nh gi thp, cn nhng vn no GV nh gi cao th CBQL cng
nh gi cao.
2.5. Nguyn nhn ca thc trng qun l vic i mi PPDH
T kt qu kho st thc trng v i mi PPDH v thc trng qun l v i mi
PPDH, ngoi ra qua bui tr chuyn, phng vn GV v CBQL (xem ph lc 2.4) chng ti thy
c nhng nguyn nhn sau
Nguyn nhn ch quan
- Cc bui hp ca t chuyn mn cha c s ch o su st ca BGH, cha ch o
trng tm v i mi PPDH, thng cuc hp mang tnh t pht, ch o theo s ch quan ca
t trng CM.
Mc d trng c a vic i mi PPDH thnh hot ng trng tm trong k hoch, tuy
nhin vic ph bin k hoch i mi PPDH cha thng xuyn v n c vic trin khai k
hoch i mi PPDH t b mn v tng GV cha c tch cc, nht l khu pht ng
phong tro i mi PPDH cha c ch trng, li thiu s tng kt, nh gi v vic i mi
PPDH.
- HT cha ph bin, t chc tho lun thng xuyn v i mi PPDH trong sinh hot t,
cng nh trong Hi ng GV, chnh v vy gio vin cha xc nh c mc ch, hnh thnh
ng c ca vic thc hin i mi PPDH.
- Nhiu trng cha m lp bi dng cho GV v PPDH hin i, ng dng cng ngh
thng tin, HT thng cc thy c t tm hiu, nn ch c mt s thy c tr nng ng th
mi thit k bi ging trn my vi tnh. Hin nay mt s trng cha m lp dy GV v PPDH
theo d n, nn nhiu trng cha s dng PPDH ny, chnh v vy GV hn ch s dng PPDH
hin i nn HS khng hng th trong cc tit hc.
Qun l hot ng chun b bi dy v trin khai bi dy trn lp theo hng i mi
PPDH cha c thc hin tt nh HT cha bi dng nhng kin thc v k nng thit k bi
dy tch cc, cha xy dng chun nh gi bi dy tch cc m vic d gi v nh gi gi
dy vn theo mu truyn thng t trc. Mc d phng Gio Dc-o To Qun 1 c t chc
cc tit thao ging GV trong qun cng d trao i rt kinh nghim, tuy nhin ch l mt
vi tit mang tnh tham kho, HT cng t khi t chc su rng cc chuyn cp trng v
cha ph bin su rng n ton trng.
- Trnh qun l ca mt s CBQL cn hn ch, cha theo kp vi thc tin v nhu cu
pht trin ca x hi, chm i mi t duy v phng thc qun l.
Nguyn nhn khch quan
- Thiu s kim tra thng xuyn ca cp trn v vic thc hin i mi PPDH, thng
t nng kim tra h s s sch.
- i ng ct cn thanh tra vin cha trnh v nng lc thanh tra nh gi ng
mc v to ng lc cho GV.
- Vic qun l c s vt cht, thit b dy hc phc v vic i mi PPDH cha hiu qu.
Tiu kt chng 2
Thc trng v i mi PPDH mt s trng THCS Qun 1 TPHCM thc hin cha
thng xuyn, thiu hiu qu, a s GV dy hc theo PP truyn thng, HS thiu s tch cc,
hng th trong hc tp, cc k nng t hc cha c rn luyn ng mc.
CBQL nhn thc v i mi PPDH kh tt, tuy nhin qua kho st chng ti nhn thy
vic trin khai PPDH mi n GV cha ng b, thiu su st v hiu qu i mi PPDH n
hot ng hc tp ca HS thp.
Nguyn nhn y BGH cha c nhng bin php thit thc, cng tc bi dng cha
thng xuyn v cha to iu kin GV tip cn vi PPDH hin i, thiu s kim tra nh gi,
khch l ng vin nn GV cha c ng c cng nh trng tham gia tch cc vic thc
hin i mi PPDH.
T thc trng trn chng ta u nhn thy vai tr nh qun l rt quan trng, chnh h
mi l ngi cn phi c k hoch, t chc trin khai, ch o v kim tra n c v vic thc
hin i mi PPDH v quan trng l phi a ra nhng bin php ph hp nhm thc y hot
ng dy hc theo ng hng ca mc tiu ra.



Chng 3: MT S BIN PHP QUN L VIC THC
HIN I MI PHNG PHP TRNG THCS
3.1. Nguyn tc xut cc bin php
Da trn c s l lun v qun l vic i mi PPDH trnh by chng 1 v thc
trng i mi PPDH v qun l vic i mi PPDH mt s trng THCS ti Qun 1,
TP.HCM kho st chng 2, chng ti xut mt s bin php qun l vic i mi
PPDH trng THCS nhm lm cho vic i mi PPDH mang tnh su rng v c kt qu
trong thc tin dy hc trng THCS, gp phn nng cao cht lng gio dc bc hc ny.
Cc bin php qun l vic i mi PPDH trng THCS c xut cn tun theo mt s
nguyn tc nht nh, cc bin php c tnh kh thi v tinh hiu qu khi trin khai trong thc
tin qun l vic i mi PPDH ti cc trng THCS.
3.1.1. m bo tnh h thng cu trc
Phng php dy hc l mt thnh t thuc cu trc hot ng dy hc. PPDH mang tnh
mc ch, tnh i tng, tnh ch th v tnh phng tin, iu kin dy hc. Do , nghin
cu qun l vic i mi PPDH c t trong mi quan h tng tc vi qun l ni dung
chng trnh, qun l i ng gio vin, qun l c s vt cht phc v cho vic i mi PPDH.
Cc bin php c xut phi i t nhn thc n hnh ng, chng hn c bin php
nng cao nhn thc ca CBQL, GV v tm quan trng ca vic i mi PPDH, qun l vic i
mi PPDH n bin php t chc trin khai vic i mi PPDH,
Cc bin php xut cho hot ng qun l vic i mi PPDH cp rng n hp, t
chung n ring. Ni mt cch khc, c bin php lin quan n qun l cp trng nh qun l
vic k hoch ha i mi PPDH, qun l c s vt cht, v c bin php lin quan trc tip n
gio vin nh vic thit k v trin khai cc PPDH tch cc trn lp...
3.1.2. m bo tnh thc tin
Cc bin php c xut phi c kh nng thc thi trong thc tin qun l trng
THCS. Ni mt cch c th, cc bin php xut va phi tun theo cc chc nng qun l
nh chc nng k hoch ha, chc nng t chc, iu khin, chc nng kim tra v iu chnh
nhng phi linh hot cho ph hp vi s phc tp ca s i mi PPDH.
Cc bin php c xut va ph hp vi trnh v kh nng v PPDH ca CBQL,
GV cn nhiu hn ch mng cc PPDH hin i; ph hp vi iu kin dy hc trng
THCS ti Qun 1, TP.HCM mt qun c cho l c s pht trin vt tri so vi cc qun
khc ti TP.HCM. V th, cc bin php ra va phi m bo tnh hin i, tnh thc tin,
tnh pht trin, tnh cn i hi ha ca ni dung qun l, coi trng ng mc tnh t ch, nng
ng sng to ca i ng gio vin ni chung v GV THCS ti Qun 1 TP.HCM ni ring.
3.1.3. m bo tnh hiu qu
Cc bin php xut khi trin khai trong cng tc qun l vic i mi PPDH phi to
ra kt qu cao trn nhiu phng din nh pht trin c v b rng v chiu su ca vic i
mi PPDH, qun l tt hiu qu hot ng ging dy ca gio vin, pht huy tnh tch cc hc
tp ca HS, nng cao cht lng hot ng dy hc m vn to khng gy p lc cho i ng
gio vin v cc CBQL trng THCS, khng lm mt qu nhiu thi gian v cng sc ca thy
v tr.
Cc bin php phi khi dy cn b qun l cc cp trong nh trng, gio vin v hc
sinh s nhit tnh, tinh thn trch nhim cao trong dy v hc, qua nhim v dy hc c
thc hin tt, gp phn nng cao cht lng gio dc trong h thng trng THCS.
3.2. Mt s bin php
3.2.1. Nng cao nhn thc v vic i mi PPDH
a. Mc ch ca bin php
Nhn thc l c s, l nn tng hnh thnh nim tin v thc y hot ng din ra.
Nhn thc ng dn n hnh ng ng. Vic i mi PPDH ch c th thnh cng khi
CBQL, GV nhn thc ng v tm quan trng ca vic i mi PPDH, i mi nh th no v
vic qun l vic i mi ra sao, t CBQL mi ch o vic i mi ng hng v GV
mi thc hin vic i mi PPDH c hiu qu.
b. Ni dung ca bin php
- Nng cao nhn thc v ngha ca vic i mi PPDH i vi cht lng dy hc, cht
lng gio dc chung ca nh trng.
- Nng cao nhn thc v xu hng i mi PPDH, cc PPDH tch cc ang c p
dng trn th gii v VN.
- Nng cao nhn thc v cch thc thc hin vic i mi PPDH vic i mi PPDH
khng cn l hnh thc, Bnh thnh tch trong nh trng.
c. Cch thc hin
-Bi dng nhn thc v vic i mi PPDH trong trng THCS, HT cn tin hnh cc
hot ng sau:
- HT pht ng phong tro tm hiu, cc cuc thi tm hiu v vic i mi PPDH trong
nh trng VN ni chung v trng THCS ni ring.
- Hiu trng t chc cho GV, CBQL trao i, tho lun v mc ch ca vic i mi
PPDH v c lng trong ni dung cc bui sinh hot hi ng GV nh k.
- Hiu trng t chc cc bui sinh hot chuyn i mi PPDH. Cc chuyn
mang tnh t ph v hnh thc ln ni dung i mi PPDH nhm pht huy tnh tch cc, t
gic, sng to ngi hc, nht l hnh thnh PP t hc HS.
- Hiu trng t chc cc kha bi dng trong h v xu th i mi PPDH v cc
PPDH tch cc. C th mi chuyn gia v t chc ti trng gip GV nm chc PPDH mi
vn dng hiu qu vo bi dy.
- C GV, CBQL tham gia cc lp bi dng i mi PPDH do B Gio dc v o to
t chc hay do cc trng i hc t chc hoc c CBQL, GV i tham quan hc hi PPDH
hin i nc ngoi v kinh nghim i mi PPDH nc h sau v trao i, tho lun v
ng dng ti trng mnh.
- To iu kin v khuyn khch GV tip cn sch bo, cc tp ch v i mi PPDH. T
gip GV cp nht kin thc v tham kho nhng bi vit v i mi PPDH, nhm tip cn
cc PPDH hin i mt cch nhanh chng v nhn thc vic i mi mt cch hiu qu.
3.2.2. K hoch ha vic i mi PPDH
a. Mc ch ca bin php
- Ln k hoch i mi PPDH gip HT v T b mn ch ng trong vic i mi
PPDH.
- Ch ng trong vic phi hp cc ngun lc phc v cho vic i mi PPDH nhm
nng cao cht lng, hiu qu ca vic i mi PPDH.
b. Ni dung bin php
- Xc nh mc ch, ni dung i mi PPDH, sp xp thi gian cho tng ni dung ph
hp vi chng trnh gio dc v iu kin dy hc ca nh trng.
- Xc nh v tr, vai tr ca tng lc lng tham gia i mi PPDH.
- Xc nh cc iu kin phc v vic i mi PPDH.
- Ln lch trnh i mi PPDH v thng bo n tng b phn trong trng phi hp
thc hin.
c. Cch thc hin
- HT xy dng k hoch i mi PPDH (xc nh M, hng i mi PPDH, nhn s
theo di, kim tra)
- Thng nht v mc ch i mi PPDH. Cn lm cho CBQL, GV trong ton trng
thm nhun quan im i mi PPDH nhm mc ch pht huy cao tnh t gic, tch cc v
c lp ca HS trong hc tp, qua nng cao cht lng dy hc ni ring v cht lng gio
dc ni chung ca nh trng. Quan im ny cn thng nht t Ban gim hiu n cc Trng
b mn, trng phng ban, ton th GV v cn b trong nh trng. Ch trng ny cn c
ph bin trong cc bui sinh hot GV ton trng, trong sinh hot t b mn.
- Thng nht v ni dung i mi PPDH. Vi mc ch ni trn, vic i mi PPDH cn
tnh n c trng ca tng xu th i mi PPDH, c im ca tng PPDH, c s kt hp
PPDH truyn thng vi PPDH hin i vn dng sao cho ph hp vi c im ca mn dy
v iu kin dy hc ca trng THCS.
- Xc nh r rng c nhn v t chc tham gia i mi PPDH, l Ban gim hiu, T
chuyn mn, on thanh nin, Cng on trng v cc GV; cc phng ban nh vn phng
trng, Ban c s vt cht v thit b dy hc thu ht, phn cng nhim v c th trong vic
i mi PPDH.
- Xy dng k hoch i mi PPDH c s ng gp kin ca T chuyn mn, ca GV.
Trong k hoch phi nu thc trng tnh hnh hin nay v i mi PPDH, nh gi nhng mt
mnh, mt yu, tnh hnh nhn s, c s vt cht, t ln k hoch vi nhng bin php c
th.
- Ph bin k hoch i mi PPDH n t trng CM, da trn k hoch trng. HT
nh hng cho t trng xy dng k hoch i mi PPDH ph hp vi tnh hnh c im
ca tng T CM.
3.2.3. T chc vic i mi PPDH
a. Mc ch ca bin php
T chc vic i mi PPDH nhm phn cng hp l, ch o kp thi pht huy mi tim
nng v sc mnh ca c nhn, b phn tham gia i mi PPDH.
b. Ni dung ca bin php
- Xc nh r chc nng ca tng b phn trong trng phn cng nhim v.
- Phn cng nhim v c th cho tng c nhn v b phn thc hin vic i mi PPDH.
- S dng ti a, hiu qu cc ngun lc trong trng thc hin vic i mi PPDH c
hiu qu.
c. Cch thc hin
- a vic i mi PPDH thnh mt trong nhng ni dung sinh hot ca T CM.
- HT cng vi T CM xy dng chun nh gi, xp loi k hoch bi dy theo hng
i mi PPDH. Chun nh gi th hin tnh khoa hc, tnh kh thi v hiu qu khi nh gi.
- HT cng T CM xy dng chun nh gi, xp loi gi dy theo hng i mi PPDH.
- GV chun b bi dy v trin khai bi dy trn lp theo hng ly hot ng hc ca
HS lm trung tm p dng cc PPDH tng ng.
-Trng t chc d gi dy theo hng i mi PPDH, rt kinh nghim v nhn rng
trong ton th GV.
- HT ch o cc b phn trong trng nh Cng on, on thanh nin v phng thit
b dy hc, th vin h tr v to iu kin thun li cho GV trong vic s dng cc ngun vt
lc phc v cho vic i mi PPDH.
3.2.4. iu khin thc hin vic i mi PPDH
a. Mc ch ca bin php
iu khin thc hin vic i mi PPDH trong trng nhm a ch trng, k hoch
i mi PPDH vo thc tin dy hc ca nh trng vic i mi PPDH tr nn su rng,
h thng v c kt qu.
b. Ni dung ca bin php
- HT ch o cc t CM thc hin k hoch i mi PPDH
- Bi dng GV thc hin i mi PPDH
-Tng cng CSVC, trang thit b to iu kin cho GV i mi PPDH
- Pht ng phong tro thi ua v thc hin i mi PPDH
c. Cch thc hin
- Bi dng TTCM v chuyn mn v nghip v qun l v i mi PPDH. Xy dng
i ng GV ct cn theo tng b mn, nng lc, uy tn v i mi PPDH gip , hng
dn GV.
-T CM tho lun thc hin k hoch i mi PPDH nh i mi PPDH trong k hoch
dy hc, trin khai trn lp.
-T trng gp k hoch bi dy theo hng i mi PPDH trc khi trnh HT. HT ch
o P.Hiu trng CM duyt k hoch bi dy theo hng i mi PPDH v ph hp vi yu
cu mc tiu ca bi dy.
- HT ch o TTCM ph bin k hoch i mi PPDH n tng GV trong t b mn
ngay t u nm hc v ch o PHT theo di, n c vic thc hin i mi PPDH t b
mn. Qun l t chuyn mn v s dng thit b dy hc hin i ph hp vi tng mc tiu
bi dy.
-HT, PHTCM v TTCM d gi tt c GV v gp rt kinh nghim theo chun nh gi.
-HT ch o PHTCM ph bin TTBM, nhm trng CM duyt kim tra ngay t u
hc k thnh lp ngn hng v theo hng i mi cch nh gi theo hng tng tnh
vn dng, sng to ca ngi hc.
-Bi dng GV k nng ng dng cng ngh thng tin v bi dng dy hc theo PPDH
theo d n, p ng i mi PPDH hin nay.
-Mi chuyn vin v PPDH mi tp hun su rng cho GV. To iu GV nghin cu
hc tp sch bo, rn luyn tay ngh.
-HT cn t chc thao ging, hi ging, ta m, hi tho khoa hc v i mi PPDH,
cc GV trao i kinh nghim, sau nhn rng trong ton th GV nh trng.
-Hng nm pht ng phong tro GV vit sng kin kinh nghim qua thc t ging dy
v i mi PPDH, nhng sng kin kinh nghim c tnh kh thi, hiu qu trong ging dy th
nhn rng trong GV v ng thi khen thng ng vin khuyn khch.
-Tng s phng THTN ng chun phc v PPDH mi. Xy dng phng t hc cho
HS v th vin cn tng u sch v phim nh c lin quan n PPDH mi.
-B sung v thay th nhng DDH cn thiu v lc hu khng cn ph hp vi thc
tin, khuyn khch GV t lm DDH cn thiu bng hnh thc khen thng.
-To iu kin v trang thit b, DDH hin i, yu cu GV tip cn, s dng thnh
tho t hiu qu cao. Trang b bng Activesboard gio vin thit k vi nhiu hnh nh sng
ng t gy hng th cho ngi hc.
- Gim s s HS th hot ng HS t hiu qu, nht l hot ng nhm nh v d dng
tin hnh PPDH c th.
- Sa cha, xy dng mi, bn gh tin di chuyn thun tin cho hot ng nhm.
3.2.5. Kim tra, iu chnh cng tc qun l vic i mi PPDH
a. Mc ch ca bin php
HT kim tra thng xuyn, pht hin ra nhng sai lch trong cng tc qun l vic i
mi PPDH t iu chnh kp thi nhm lm cho vic i mi PPDH thc s c kt qu.
b. Ni dung ca bin php
- Kim tra tnh khoa hc, tnh hp l, tnh kh thi ca k hoch i mi PPDH.
-K hoch i mi PPDH c thc hin khi n c xy dng da trn cc c s l
lun v thc tin DH ng thi k hoch i mi phi tnh n iu kin CSVC, trnh GV,
xu th i mi PPDH.
- Kim tra hot ng ca cc b phn v c nhn trong vic i mi PPDH. y l s
phi hp gia CBQL v GV, BGH v TTCM, phi hp gia cc phng chc nng (Phng th
vin, phng THC HNH TH NGHIM, phng vi tnh, phng thit b DH, phng mutimedia)
v b phn khc nh vn phng nhm phc v cho i mi PPDH.
- Kim tra s phi hp gia cc b phn, lc lng trong trng khi thc hin i mi
PPDH.
- Kim tra CSVC phc v cho ging dy.
c. Cch thc hin
- HT kim tra k hoch i mi PPDH ca T b mn, gp cch thc hin ph hp vi
iu kin ca nh trng. Kim tra s trin khai v thc hin theo k hoch, m bo tin
thc hin k hoch mt cch khoa hc, hp l nhm em li hiu qu cho vic thc hin i
mi PPDH.
-HT d nhng bui sinh hot T CM bn v i mi PPDH. C nh vy HT mi nm
bt tnh hnh hot ng cc T CM c i su v i mi PPDH, t ch o v iu chnh cho
ph hp, nhm gip cc t t hiu qu cao nht cho GV trong vic i mi PPDH.
-HT kim tra Gio n c i mi PPDH ph hp tng i tng HS. Khi kim tra phi
ch trng vic GV s dng cc PPDH mi theo xu hng t chc cc hot ng gip HS t
duy, tch cc lnh hi tri thc, c bit ch trng PP dy hc c th v PPDH theo d n HS
pht trin theo hng nng ng, sng to v hng n kh nng t hc.
-D gi nh k v t xut rt kinh nghim v i mi PPDH (theo chun nh gi
xy dng t u nm hc). HT d gi phi hp vi TTCM hoc nhm trng b mn gip
GV b sung v iu chnh vic s dng cc PPDH mi ph hp vi mc tiu ca bi dy v
c trng b mn. iu quan trng l tm ra nguyn nhn chm i mi PPDH hoc i mi
khng ng hng dn n kt qu hc tp ca HS v cht lng bi ging cha c ci thin.
-HT kim tra v i mi cch ra , nh gi HS ph hp vi PPDH mi. Kim tra theo
hng i mi PPDH, khng n thun ch l bi vit trn lp m cn m rng hnh thc
kim tra t lun kt hp vi trc nghim v cc PP kim tra a dng nh kim tra vn p, kim
tra vit di dng ti hin tri thc, hiu v vn dng tri thc vo thc tin, i khi mnh dn p
dng bi vit tiu lun thay cho bi vit truyn thng t trc n nay.
-Hng thng kim tra cc phng chc nng, cc thit b DDH v cc phng tin DH
hin i p ng cho GV s dng theo PPDH mi. Vic kim tra s gip cho vic b sung
cc DDH, thay th nhng thit khng cn s dng v xem cc phng chc nng c cc
trang thit b cn thit p ng phng tin DH cho GV i mi PPDH.
- Khen thng i vi GV thc hin i mi PPDH t hiu qu cao v trch pht nhng
GV vn cn dy theo PPDH truyn thng v a vo tiu chun xt thi ua cui hc k v cui
nm hc.
-Ly kin HS GV iu chnh PPDH cho thch hp v hng dn HS la chn PP
hc tp. y l mt trong nhng trn tr ca nh QL, v khng kho s nh hng uy tn ca
GV. Tuy nhin chng ta mnh dn ly kin HS mt cch kho lo t nh s thy c mong
mun ca HS c hc PP mi, v bt k HS no cng mun cc tit hc sinh ng, hp dn v
tip thu bi hc mt cch hiu qu.
3.3. Kho cu tnh cn thit, tnh kh thi ca cc bin php
tm hiu tnh cn thit v tnh kh thi ca cc bin php qun l vic i mi PPDH
trng THCS c xut, chng ti s dng phiu thm d (xem ph lc 3.1). Mi cu hi
c o theo 4 mc rt cn thit/ rt kh thi ; cn thit/ kh thi ; t cn thit/ t kh thi v khng
cn thit/khng kh thi. Mi mc c qui ra im s tng ng v c qui c nh sau:
- Mc 4: Maen t 3.5 n 4 - ng vi rt cn thit, rt kh thi
- Mc 3: maen t 2.5 n 3.4- ng vi cn thit, kh thi
- Mc 2: maen t 1.5 n 2.4 - ng vi t cn thit, t kh thi
- Mc 1 mean t 1 n 1.4 - ng vi khng cn thit, khng kh thi
Phiu hi c thm d trn hai i tng l GV, CBQL (gm Hiu trng, Ph hiu
trng, T trng, T ph chuyn mn). Mu thm d gm 125 GV v 31 CBQL thuc cc
trng trong mu kho st thc trng. Ni dung phiu hi ca GV v CBQL l ging nhau. Kt
qu thm d c th hin phn di.



3.3.1. Tnh cn thit v kh thi ca cc bin php
3.3.1.1 Bin php nng cao nhn thc v i mi PPDH (BP1)

Bng 3.1 : Mc cn thit, kh thi ca bin php 1
Cn thit
( X)
Kh thi
( X)
S
TT
Mc

Ni dung
GV
CB
QL
X
chung

GV
CB
QL
X
chung

1
HT pht ng phong tro thi tm hiu,
v vic i mi PPDH
3.61 3.80 3.65 3.57 3.80 3.62
2
Hiu trng t chc cho GV, CBQL
trao i, tho lun v mc ch ca
vic i mi PPDH
3.52 3.83 3.58 3.52 3.83 3.58
3
Hiu trng t chc cc bui sinh hot
chuyn i mi PPDH .
3.67 3.80 3.69 3.56 3.80 3.61
4
Hiu trng t chc cc kha bi
dng trong h v xu th i mi
PPDH v cc PPDH tch cc.
3.52 3.61 3.53 3.50 3.61 3.60
5
C GV, CBQL tham gia cc lp bi
dng i mi PPDH do B Gio dc
v o to t chc
3.64 3.64 3.64 3.46 3.58 3.48
6
To iu kin cho GV tip cn sch
bo, cc tp ch v i mi PPDH
3.61 3.77 3.64 3.61 3.77 3.64
X
chung
3.59 3.74 3.62 3.54 3.73 3.60
Kt qu thm d bng 3.1 cho thy bin php 1 c cho rng rt cn thit v rt kh thi
(
X
chung
=3.62 v 3.60).
* Xt v mc cn thit ca bin php c xut, chng ti nhn thy cc ni dung
ca bin php c nh gi cn thit, kh thi mc cao l:
- Hiu trng t chc cc bui sinh hot chuyn i mi PPDH c cho l cn
thit mc cao nht (
X
dao ng t 3.67 n 3.80).
- HT pht ng phong tro thi tm hiu v vic i mi PPDH c (
X
dao ng t 3.61
n 3.80), xp th hai.
- V To iu kin cho GV tip cn sch bo, cc tp ch v i mi PPDH v C GV,
CBQL tham gia cc lp bi dng i mi PPDH do B Gio dc v o to t chc
c (
X
dao ng t 3.61 n 3.77), xp th ba.
- Cc ni dung c cho l cn thit thp hn mt cht nh HT t chc cho GV tho lun
v mc ch ca ... PPDH v HT t chc cc lp bi dng ... PPDH trong dp h cng c
(
X
dao ng t 3.52 n 3.83).
* Xt mi quan h gia tnh cn thit v tnh kh thi ca bin php chng ti nhn thy
cc ni dung c cho l cn thit cao th cng chnh cc ni dung ny c nh gi c tnh
kh thi cao. Cn cc ni dung c nh gi c tnh cn thit thp hn trong bng kho st th
cng c xc nhn c tnh kh thi thp hn.

Biu 3.1: Tnh cn thit v kh thi ca bin php 1
Nhn vo biu 3.1 ta thy nh gi v tnh cn thit cao hn tnh kh thi v nh gi
v bin php nng cao nhn thc v i mi PPDH ca CBQL lun cao hn GV, v nhn thc
bao gi cng xut pht t nh QL t ph bin n GV mt cch hiu qu nht.
3.3.1.2 Bin php k hoch ha vic i mi PPDH (BP2)
Bng 3.2 Mc cn thit, kh thi ca bin php 2
Cn thit
( X )
Kh thi
( X)
S
T
T
Mc


Ni dung
GV
CB
QL
X
chung

GV
CB
QL
X
chung

1
HT xy dng k hoch i mi
PPDH (xc nh M, hng i mi
PPDH, nhn s theo di, kim tra)
3.56 3.83 3.61 3.53 3.83 3.60
2
Thng nht v mc ch i mi
PPDH. CBQL, GV trong ton trng
thm nhun quan im i mi
PPDH
3.68 3.90 3.72 3.67 3.90 3.71
3
Thng nht v ni dung i mi
PPDH, theo xu th kt hp PPDH
truyn thng vi PPDH hin i.
3.54 3.77 3.58 3.52 3.74 3.51
4
Xc nh r rng c nhn v t chc
tham gia i mi PPDH.
3.54 3.74 3.58 3.46 3.70 3.58
5
Xy dng k hoch i mi PPDH
c s ng gp kin ca TTCM,
GV
3.60 3.77 3.64 3.54 3.70 3.57
6
Ph bin k hoch i mi PPDH
n TTCM, nh hng TTCM xy
3.64 3.74 3.66 3.57 3.67 3.59
dng k hoch i mi PPDH.
X
chung

3.59

3.79

3.63

3.55

3.76

3.60
Kt qu thm d bng 3.2 cho thy bin php 2 c GV v CBQL cho rng rt cn
thit v rt kh thi (
X
chung
=3.63 v 3.60).
* V tnh cn thit, mc nh gi ca GV v CBQL nh sau: Thng nht v mc
ch i mi PPDH. CBQL, GV trong ton trng thm nhun quan im i mi
PPDH c cho l cn thit nht ( X=3.68 v 3.90).
- K n Ph bin k hoch i mi PPDH n TTCM, nh hng TTCM xy dng k
hoch i mi PPDH ( X= 3.66, 3.59), xp th hai.
- Tip Xy dng k hoch i mi PPDH c s ng gp kin ca TTCM, GV
( X=3.60 v 3.77), xp th ba.
- Sau cng l cc ni dung nh HT xy dng k hoch i mi PPDH ; Thng nht v
ni dung i mi PPDH, theo xu th kt hp PPDH truyn thng vi PPDH hin i v Xc
nh r rng c nhn v t chc tham gia i mi PPDH c xc nh cn thit mc thp
nht trong bng thm d dao ng t ( X=3.54 v 3.83)
* Xt v tnh kh thi ca bin php: Chng ti cng nhn thy cc ni dung c CBQL
v GV nh gi tnh cn thit cao, th tnh kh thi cao cng cao v ngc li, cc ni dung c
CBQL v GV nh gi tnh cn thit thp hn th tnh kh thi cng thp hn so vi cc ni
dung khc.

Biu 3.2: Tnh cn thit v kh thi ca bin php 2
Nhn vo biu 3.2 ta thy CBQL nhn nh tnh cn thit v tnh kh thi cao hn GV,
v bin php k hoch ha l ca nh QL phi hoch nh c tnh kh thi v hiu qu, tt c nm
trong tm tay ca nh qun l, nu k hoch c tnh cn thit v kh thi cao, th s c a s
GV ng tnh.
3.1.1.3 Bin php t chc vic i mi PPDH (BP3)
Bng 3.3 Mc cn thit, kh thi ca bin php 3
Cn thit
( X)
Kh thi
( X)
S
T
T
Mc
Ni dung
GV
CB
QL
X
chung

GV
CB
QL
X
chung

1
a vic i mi PPDH thnh
mt trong nhng ni dung
sinh hot ca T CM.
3.52 3.67 3.55 3.49 3.40 3.53
2
HT cng T CM xy dng
chun nh gi, xp loi gi
dy theo hng i mi
PPDH
3.55 3.77 3.59 3.48 3.74 3.53
3
GV chun b bi dy v trin
khai bi dy trn lp theo
hng ly hot ng hc ca
HS lm trung tm p dng
cc PPDH tng ng.
3.70 3.80 3.72 3.37 3.74 3.60
4
Trng t chc d gi dy
theo hng i mi PPDH, rt
kinh nghim v nhn rng
trong ton th GV
3.50 3.61 3.52 3.44 3.44 3.44
5
HT phn cng cc b phn to
iu kin thun li cho GV s
dng cc ngun lc, vt lc
phc v cho vic i mi
PPDH.
3.69 3.74 3.70 3.50 3.67 3.53
X
chung

3.59

3.72

3.60

3.45

3.59

3.50

Kt qu thm d bng 3.3 cho thy bin php t chc thc hin vic i mi PPDH
c GV v CBQL cho rng rt cn thit v rt kh thi (
X
chung
=3.60 v 3.50).



* Xt v mc cn thit ca bin php, GV v CBQL nh gi nh sau:
- GV chun b bi dy v trin khai bi dy trn lp HS lm trung tm p dng cc
PPDH tng ng c nh gi mc rt cn thit ( X=3.70 v 3.80), xp th nht.
- Tip theo l ni dung HT phn cng cc b phn to iu kin thun li cho GV s dng
cc ngun lc, vt lc phc v cho vic i mi PPDH Cng c cho l rt cn thit mc
cao ( X=3.69 v 3.74), xp th hai.
- K HT cng T CM xy dng chun nh gi, xp loi gi dy theo hng i mi
PPDH c nh gi l rt cn thit ( X=3.55 v 3.77), xp th ba.
- Cn cc bin php c tnh cn thit thp hn mt cht nh a vic i mi PPDH thnh
mt trong nhng ni dung sinh hot ca T CM v Trng t chc d gi dy theo hng
i mi PPDH, rt kinh nghim v nhn rng trong ton th GV cng c nh gi mc rt
cn thit dao ng ( X=3.50 v 3.67)
*Xt v tnh kh thi ca bin php chng ti thy c GV v CBQL u nhn nh mc
kh thi v rt kh thi ( X dao ng t 3.44 n 3.60), ring ni dung Trng t chc d gi
dy theo hng i mi PPDH, rt kinh nghim v nhn rng trong ton th GV c cho
rng kh thi ( X=3.44). iu ny chng t rng vic thc hin bin php trn kh hn s mong
i ca GV v CBQL.
Nhn vo biu 3.3 di y, chng ta thy GV v CBQL u cho rng bin php t
chc vic i mi PPDH vi tnh cn thit cao hn tnh kh thi v nh gi CBQL lun cao
hn GV y l mong mun ca CBQL v thc hin i mi PPDH trong giai an hin nay.



Biu 3.3: Tnh cn thit v kh thi ca bin php 3
3.3.1.4. Bin php iu khin vic thc hin i mi PPDH (BP4)
Bng 3.4 Mc cn thit, kh thi ca bin php 4
Cn thit
( X)
Kh thi
( X)
S
T
T
Mc
Ni dung
GV
CB
QL
X
chung

GV
CB
QL
X
chung

1
T CM tho lun thc hin k
hoch i mi PPDH nh i
mi PPDH trong k hoch dy
hc, trin khai trn lp.
3.88 3.87 3.88 3.57 3.83 3.62
2
T trng gp k hoch bi
dy theo hng i mi PPDH
trc khi trnh HT. HT duyt k
hoch bi dy theo hng i
mi PPDH
3.50 3.70 3.54 3.47 3.67 3.51
3
Thnh lp ngn hng , i mi
cch nh gi theo hng tng
tnh vn dng, sng to ca
ngi hc
3.56 3.67 3.59 3.49 3.64 3.56
4
Bi dng GV k nng ng
dng CNTT v bi dng PPDH
theo d n, p ng i mi
PPDH hin nay.
3.63 3.62 3.63 3.57 3.58 3.57
5
Xy dng i ng GV ct cn
theo tng b mn, nng lc
v i mi PPDH.
3.57 3.71 3.60 3.49 3.70 3.54
6
Mi chuyn vin v PPDH mi
tp hun su rng cho GV.
3.75 3.71 3.74 3.53 3.54 3.53
7
HT cn t chc thao ging, hi
tho khoa hc v i mi PPDH,
cc GV trao i kinh nghim,
sau nhn rng trong ton th
GV.
3.62 3.61 3.62 3.61 3.58 3.60
8
Hng nm pht ng phong tro
GV vit sng kin kinh nghim
qua thc t ging dy v i mi
PPDH, nhn rng trong GV.
3.53 3.48 3.51 3.51 3.41 3.50
9
Tng phng THTN phc v
PPDH mi. Xy dng phng t
hc cho HS v th vin cn tng
u sch v phim nh c lin
quan n i mi PPDH
3.67 3.74 3.68 3.60 3.44 3.60
10
B sung v thay th nhng
DDH cn thiu v lc hu
khng cn ph hp vi thc tin,
khuyn khch GV t lm DDH
3.58 3.77 3.62 3.56 3.41 3.57
11
To iu kin v trang thit b
DH hin i, yu cu GV tip
cn, s dng thnh tho t hiu
qu cao.
3.64 3.66 3.64 3.62 3.28 3.47
12
Gim s s HS hot ng v
i mi PPDH t hiu qu
3.49 3.61 3.51 3.44 3.35 3.42
13
Sa cha, xy dng mi, bn
gh tin di chuyn thun tin
cho hot ng nhm
3.60 3.67 3.61 3.48 3.08 3.46
Hot ng t CM (t 1-3)
3.64 3.74 3.67 3.51 3.71 3.56
Nng cao CM i ng GV (t 4-8)
3.62 3.62 3.62 3.54 3.56 3.55
C s vt cht (t 9-13)
3.60 3.69 3.61 3.54 3.31 3.50
X
chung

3.62 3.68 3.63 3.53 3.52 3.53
Kt qu thm d bng 3.4 cho thy bin php 4 c nh gi mc rt cn thit v rt kh
thi (
X
chung
=3.63 v 3.53).
Thc hin vic i mi PPDH lin quan n hot ng ca T chuyn mn, trnh
chuyn mn, nghip v ca GV v c s vt cht phc v vic i mi PPDH. Do , ch o
vic thc hin i mi PPDH cn ch o thc hin ca ba bnh din c nu trn. Chng
ti nhm gp cc ni dung ca bin php thnh 3 nhm nh sau :
Ni dung t 1-4 : Nhm iu khin hot ng t CM
Ni dung t 4-8 : Nhm iu khin nng cao CM i ng
Ni dung t 9-13 : Nhm iu khin c s vt cht
* Xt v mc cn thit bin php c xut, GV v CBQL nhn nh nh sau:
Nhm iu khin hot ng t CM c nh gi mc cn thit ( X=3.64 v 3.74)
trong :
- T CM tho lun thc hin k hoch i mi PPDH nh i mi PPDH trong k hoch
dy hc, trin khai trn lp tnh cn thit cao nht ( X =3.88 v 3.87)
- Thnh lp ngn hng , i mi cch nh gi theo hng tng tnh vn dng, sng to
ca ngi hc tnh cn thit xp th hai ( X=3.56 v 3.67)
- T trng gp k hoch bi dy HT duyt k hoch bi dy theo hng i mi
PPDH tnh cn thit thp nht ( X=3.50 v 3.70)
Nhm iu khin nng cao trnh CM i ng GV cng c nh gi mc rt
cn thit ( X=3.62 v 3.62) trong :
- v Mi chuyn vin v PPDH mi tp hun su rng cho GV c cho l rt cn thit
( X=3.75 v 3.71), xp th nht.
- Bi dng GV k nng ng dng CNTT v bi dng PPDH theo d n, p ng i
mi PPDH hin nay c cho l rt cn thit ( X=3.63 v 3.62), xp th hai.
- Tip theo HT cn t chc thao ging, hi tho khoa hc . nhn rng trong ton th GV
cho l rt cn thit ( X=3.62 v 3.61), xp th ba.
- Xy dng i ng GV ct cn theo tng b mn, nng lc v i mi PPDH c
cho l rt cn thit ( X =3.57 v 3.71), xp th t
- Cui cng Hng nm pht ng GV vit sng kin kinh nghim i mi PPDH,
nhn rng trong GV c nh gi mc cn thit ( X=3.53 v 3.48), thp nht trong
cc ni dung ca bin php, c bit CBQL ch cho ni dung ny mc cn thit
( X=3.48).
Nhm iu khin c s vt cht phc v cho vic i mi PPDH c GV v CBQL
nh gi mc rt cn thit ( X=3.60 v 3.69) trong :
- Tng phng THTN ng chun Xy dng phng t hc tng u sch v phim
nh i mi PPDH c cho l cn thit nht ( X=3.67 v 3.74)
- To iu kin v trang thit b DH hin i, yu cu GV tip cn, s dng thnh tho
t hiu qu cao c cho l cn thit xp th hai ( X=3.64 v 3.66)
- B sung v thay th nhng DDH cn thiu v lc hu khng cn ph hp vi thc
tin, khuyn khch GV t lm DDH c cho l cn thit mc th ba ( X=3.58 v 3.77)
- Sa cha, xy dng mi, bn gh tin di chuyn thun tin cho hot ng nhm
c cho l cn thit mc th t ( X=3.60 v 3.67)
Cui cng Gim s s HS hot ng v i mi PPDH t hiu qu tnh cn thit
thp nht ( X=3.49 v 3.61), c bit GV cho rng ni dung ny ch mc cn thit. Nh vy s
s HS trong lp khng nh hng nhiu lm n vic i mi PPDH v cht lng i mi
PPDH.
* Xt tnh kh thi ca cc bin php: Chng ti tnh kh thi thy lun thp hn tnh cn
thit v CBQL nhn nhn tnh kh thi lun cao hn GV v s ch o thc hin nm trong
ch ca nh QL, GV lun l ngi thc hin.
Nhn biu 3.4 di y ta thy bin php ch o vic i mi PPDH, GV v CBQL
cho rng ch o T chuyn mn l cn thit nht, tip l ch o vic nng cao trnh ca
i ng GV v cui cng l ch o xy dng, sa cha, mua sm c c vt cht, thit b dy
hc to iu kin cho vic i mi PPDH c kt qu. iu ny cng khng c g l bi yu t
con ngi lun gi v tr chnh trong vic nng cao cht lng i mi PPDH v cht lng
hot ng dy hc.













Biu 3.4: Tnh cn thit v kh thi ca bin php 4

Cng ging cc bin php trn, vi bin php 4, tnh cn thit c xc nhn cao hn l tnh
kh thi v CBQL xc nhn cao hn GV v bin php ny.
3.3.1.5. Bin php kim tra, iu chnh QL vic i mi PPDH (BP5)
Bng 3.5 Mc cn thit, kh thi ca bin php 5
Cn thit
( X)
Kh thi
( X)
ST
T
Mc
Cc bin php
GV
CB
QL
X
chung

GV
CB
QL
X
chung

1
HT kim tra k hoch i mi
PPDH ca T b mn, gp
cch thc hin ph hp vi iu
kin ca nh trng.
3.59 3.87 3.64 3.50 3.74 3.62
2
HT d nhng bui sinh hot T
CM bn v i mi PPDH.
3.60 3.87 3.65 3.57 3.80 3.62
3
HT-TTCM kim traGio
nc M PPDH v ph hp
tng i tng HS
3.56 3.90 3.62 3.54 3.83 3.60
4
D gi nh k v t xut
rt kinh nghim v i mi
PPDH
3.52 3.71 3.56 3.51 3.67 3.56
5
HT kim tra v i mi cch ra
, nh gi HS ph hp vi
PPDH mi.
3.63 3.67 3.64 3.59 3.61 3.59
6
Hng thng kim tra cc phng
chc nng, DDH v phng
tin DH hin i p ng
PPDH mi.
3.60 3.70 3.62 3.59 3.61 3.59
7
Khen thng i vi GV thc
hin tt vic i mi PPDH v
3.62 3.70 3.64 3.61 3.61 3.61
a vo xt thi ua cui HK,
cui nm hc
8
Ly kin HS GV iu
chnh PPDH cho thch hp v
hng dn HS la chn PP hc
tp.
3.69 3.64 3.68 3.67 3.58 3.65
X
chung

3.60 3.75

3.63

3.57

3.68 3.60

Kt qu thm d bng 3.5 di y chng ta thy bin php 5 c cho rng rt cn
thit v rt kh thi (
X
chung
=3.63 v 3.60).
*Xt v mc cn thit ca bin php c xut, chng ti nhn thy :
- Ly kin HS GV iu chnh PPDH cho thch hp v hng dn HS la chn PP
hc tp ( X=3.69 v 3.64), xp th nht.
-HT d nhng bui sinh hot T CM bn v i mi PPDH ( X=3.60 v 3.87), xp th
hai.
-HT kim tra k hoch T b mn, gp ph hp vi iu kin ca nh trng;
HT kim tra v i mi cch ra , nh gi HS ph hp vi PPDH mi v Khen thng
i vi GV thc hin tt vic i mi PPDH v a vo xt thi ua cui HK, cui nm hc
dao ng ( X=3.59 v 3.87), xp th ba.
Cui cng HT-TTCM kim tra Gio nc i mi PPDH v ph hp tng i tng
HS v Hng thng kim tra cc phng chc nng, DDH v phng tin DH hin i p
ng PPDH mi tnh cn thit xp thp hn ( X=3.56 v 3.90). Ring ni dung ny, iu lm
chng ti ngc nhin l kin nh gi ca CBQL cho l cn thit mc cao ( X =3.90) so vi
kin nh gi ca GV v vn ny. Chng ti ngh, ni dung ny thuc v quyn hn, chc
nng ca CBQL, cn GV c th khng thch s kim tra k hoch bi dy t pha CBQL.
Chng ti ng tnh vi kin nh gi ca CBQL v n th hin s chun b, s ng b trong
vic i mi PPDH ca GV v cc b phn khc trong nh trng.
* Xt v tnh kh thi ca bin php: Chng ti nhn thy cc ni dung c cho l cn thit
cao th cng chnh cc ni dung ny c nh gi c tnh kh thi cao. Cn cc ni dung c
nh gi c tnh cn thit thp hn trong bng kho st th cng c xc nhn c tnh kh thi
thp hn v thy c GV v CBQL u nh gi ging nhau, u cho rng rt cn thit v rt
kh thi khi nh gi cc bin php trn.

Biu 3.5: Tnh cn thit v kh thi ca bin php 5
T biu 3.5 nhn nh CBQL bao gi cng mong mun cng tc kim tra mang li
hiu qu, v c kim tra mi thy c mc t c vic thc hin i mi PPDH ca GV
v iu chnh cho ph hp vi k hach trin khai t u nm hc.
3.3.2 nh gi chung v tnh cn thit v tnh kh thi ca cc bin php
T s liu tng hp v tnh cn thit v tnh kh thi ca 5 bin php trn v qun l vic
i mi PPDH c biu din bng s sau:








Biu 3.6: nh gi tnh cn thit, kh thi ca 5 bin php
Nhn vo biu 3.6, chng ti c mt vi nhn xt sau:
- V tnh cn thit ca 5 bin php, th bin php 2, 4 v 5 c nh gi cao hn bin
php 1. Ring bin php 3 c cho l cn thit thp nht trong 5 bin php.
- V mc kh thi ca 5 bin php, chng ti thy bin php 1,2 v 5 kh thi nht, tip
l bin php 4, kh thi thp nht l bin php 3.
* So snh s khc bit gia 2 nhm kho st GV v CBQL v tnh cn thit v tnh
kh thi ca cc bin php xut
Bng 3.6 So snh s khc bit gia GV v CBQL
v tnh cn thit v kh thi

GV CBQL
Pearson Correlation 1 .612
**

Sig. (2-tailed)

.000
GV
N 56 56
Pearson Correlation .612
**
1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
CBQL
N 56 56
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Chng ti mun bit kin nhn nh ca CBQL c g khc bit so vi kin nh gi
ca GV v cc bin php qun l v i mi PPDH?
Tr li cu hi ny chng ti dng kim nghim pearson, s bin a vo kim nghim
l 76 (cho GV) v 76 (cho CBQL), vi mc ngha =0.01. Kt qu kim nghim cho thy :
- C s khc bit ln gia kin nh gi ca GV so vi kin nh gi ca CBQL v vn
trn (
X
GV
= 3.58,
X
CBQL
= 3.70 , P = 0.003 < , xc nhn c s khc bit ngha). iu
ny c ngha l kin nh gi ca CBQL v mc cn thit v kh thi ca 5 bin php u
mc cao hn hay ni cch khc lc quan hn so vi nhn nh ca GV v vn ny.
*Nhn xt chung v tnh cn thit v kh thi ca cc bin php
- Tng hp tnh cn thit v kh thi ca 5 bin php ta c biu sau:






Biu 3.7 nh gi tng hp tnh cn thit, kh thi ca cc bin php
Nhn vo biu 3.7 (s liu xem ph lc 3.2) chng ti c nhn xt nh sau:
Ta thy GV v CBQL nh gi tnh cn thit ( X=3.60 v 3.70) v tnh kh thi ( X=3.53
v 3.65) v mc nh gi chung cc bin php ca c CBQL-GV v tnh cn thit ( X=3.62)
v kh thi ( X =3.56) (xem ph lc 3.2) nh vy cc bin php c thm d t GV v CBQL
chng ti nhn nh u rt cn thit v rt kh thi, cc bin php ny c th mang li hiu qu
cao cho vic thc hin i mi PPDH hin nay.
* Tiu kt chng 3
Da vo c s l lun v kt qu kho st thc trng v qun l v i mi PPDH
Qun 1 TP. H Ch Minh, t chng ti xut 5 bin php v nhn thc, k hoch ha, t
chc, iu khin v kim tra nh gi vic i mi PPDH nhm nng cao nng lc qun l ca
CBQL ni chung v nng cao cht hot ng dy hc ca GV ni ring.
Cc bin php c chng ti xut c quan h vi nhau v to thnh mt h thng t
nhn thc n lp k hoch, t chc thc hin v kim tra, nh gi qun l vic i mi PPDH.
Cc bin php m chng ti xut c a s GV, CBQL trong mu kho st xc nhn
l rt cn thit v kh thi.
KT LUN V KIN NGH

T nghin cu l lun v i mi PPDH, QL vic i mi PPDH v thc trng i mi
PPDH, thc trng QL vic i mi PPDH trng THCS chng ti rt ra mt s kt lun sau:
1. PPDH l yu t thuc cu trc hot ng dy hc. i mi PPDH l yu t nm trong
tm tay ca GV v nh trng. i mi PPDH thnh cng gp phn trc tip, nhanh chng
nng cao cht lng dy hc v cht lng gio dc ca nh trng. Tuy nhin, vic i mi
hiu qu PPDH lin quan n nhiu yu t nh ni dung chng trnh, ngi dy, c s vt
cht phc v vic i mi PPDH c bit cng tc qun l trng hc c tc dng lm cho vic
i mi PPDH tr nn thng xuyn, h thng v c kt qu.
2. Thc trng GV v CBQL nhn thc v mc ch i mi PPDH mc kh tt,
nhng do GV cha c nhiu hiu bit v cc PPDH hin i nn vic s dng cc PPDH hin
i cn hn ch, do vic p dng cc PPDH ny vo vic i mi PPDH cha thng xuyn,
cn km hiu qu.
3. Cng tc qun l vic i mi PPDH mt s trng THCS Qun 1 cn hn ch, cha
c chiu su, cc bin php qun l vic i i mi PPDH cha h thng v cha ph hp vi
thc tin dy hc trng THCS Q.1 TPHCM.
4. Nguyn nhn ca thc trng do ni dung chng trnh cn kh nng, trang thit b DH
hin i cn thiu, GV cha u t v i mi PPDH, nguyn nhn chnh l do CBQL cha c
bin php thit thc GV i mi PPDH.
5. nng cao cht lng v hiu qu i mi PPDH trng THCS, chng ti
xut 5 bin php chnh l :
Bin php nng cao nhn thc v i mi PPDH.
Bin php k hoch ha vic i mi PPDH.
Bin php t chc vic thc hin i mi PPDH.
Bin php iu khin vic thc hin i mi PPDH.
Bin php kim tra, nh gi v QL i mi PPDH.
Kt qu thm d cho thy cc bin php c GV v CBQL nh gi l rt cn thit v rt
kh thi, c bit l bin php 2 v 5.
T nhng kt lun v mong mun cho cc bin php c thc thi hiu qu trong cng
tc qun l vic thc hin i mi PPDH nhm nng cao cht lng hot ng ging dy, chng
ti xin a ra mt s kin ngh sau:
* B Gio dc o to
- Gim ti ni dung chng trnh hin hnh. C qui nh r kin thc bt buc v kin
thc t chn.
- Cn c bin php hu hiu xa b bnh thnh tch trong gio dc mi hot ng cc
c s GD, tng trng hc u hng n nng cao cht lng dy hc ch thc v bn vng
- Tng cng tp hun i mi ni dung chng trnh, sch gio khoa i i vi i mi
PPDH cho GV theo hng c chiu su v cht lng.
- Tng u t kinh ph cho vic mua sm thit b phc v c lc cho vic i mi
PPDH.
* S Gio dc o to
- Lp k hoch v thc hin k hoch mua mi, tn to cc CSVC thit b v cc iu
kin dy hc p ng yu cu ca hot ng dy hc ni chung v i mi PPDH ni ring.
- Ch o bi dng nghip v nng cao nhn thc, phng php ging dy, quan im
gio dc hin i cho GV.
- Ci tin cch kim tra thi c, ni dung kim tra gim l thuyt, tng vn dng, lin h
thc t.
- Khi thanh tra h s s sch, ch trng tng d gi v nh gi gi dy theo hng i
mi PPDH.
- T chc cc hi ngh chuyn , cc hnh thc hi tho, hi ging c tnh cht giao lu
hc hi gia cc trng in hnh tin tin v i mi PPDH ca cc tnh bn.
* Phng Gio dc o to Qun I
- Ph bin v nhn rng cc in hnh v i mi PPDH n cc trng trong qun.
- u t cho cc trng phng tin dy hc hin i nh cc my vi tnh c ni
mng, thit b dy hc mi (Activesboard).
- Khen thng cc trng v c nhn c i mi PPDH hiu qu.
- Bi dng cng tc thanh tra v i mi PPDH.
* Ban gim hiu nh trng
- C k hoch v i mi PPDH v ph bin n cc T CM, n tng GV.
- Gim bt nhng h s, s sch khng cn thit, GV dnh thi gian cho GV u t
vo i mi PPDH.
- Gim s s mi lp vic sp xp bn gh v cc thit b dy hc c thun li, t
to iu kin cho GV p dng cc PPDH hin i (nh dy hc theo nhm nh, dy hc c
th..) em li hiu qu thit thc.
- Hiu trng, ph hiu trng ph trch CM phi nm vng PPDH mi, d gi gp
gi dy nhm gip GV tin b.
- Ch ng vin tinh thn ln vt cht i vi nhng GV tch cc i mi PPDH.
- T chc hp l vic ly kin ca HS v PPDH ca GV vi tinh thn xy dng.

* i vi T trng b mn v gio vin
- TTCM phi hiu su v i mi PPDH nh hng GV trong t.
- TTCM v GV phi i mi khu kim tra nh gi cho ph hp vi mc tiu o to
hin nay v xu hng i mi PPDH.
- S dng nhiu phng php, phng tin dy hc hin i, c tc dng kch thch hng
th hc tp v rn luyn k nng t hc HS.
- GV phi c tinh thn hc hi v cu tin, nht l lnh vc i mi PPDH i i vi
phng tin DH hin i.



TI LIU THAM KHO

1- V Ngc Anh - Nguyn Hu Ch - Nguyn Anh Dng - Nguyn Vn ng (2008), Mt s vn
i mi phng php dy hc mn Lch S - Trung hc c s NXB Gio dc.
2- Nguyn Hu Chu (2007), Gio dc Vit Nam nhng nm u Th k XXI, NXB Gio dc H Ni.
3- Nguyn Hu Chu -Nguyn Hu Khi- Nguyn Thy Hng-Nguyn Th Thanh Mai- Lu Thu Thy
(2008), Mt s vn i mi phng php dy hc mn Gio dc cng dn - Trung hc c s,
NXB Gio dc.
4- Nguyn Kim Dung-Nguyn Minh ng-V Hi-Nguyn Th Hnh-Trn Mai Thu-Nguyn
MaiVn- Phm nh Vng-L phng Yn (2008), Mt s vn i mi phng php dy hc
mn Cng ngh- Trung hc c s NXB Gio dc.
5- Trn Th Dung (1998), Qun tr ngun nhn lc, NXB Gio dc.
6- Ngc t (1997), Tip cn hin i hot ng dy hc, NXB i hc quc Gia H Ni
7- Phm Minh Hc- Trn Kiu - ng B Lm, Nghim nh V (2002), Gio dc th gii i vo th
k XXI, NXB Chnh tr Quc gia H Ni
8- Nguyn Th Bch Hnh -Trn Th Hng (2004), L lun dy hc, NXB i hc S Phm TPHCM
9- Bi Minh Hin, Lch s Gio dc Vit Nam, NXB S Phm.
10- Bi Minh Hin-V Ngc Hi-ng Quc Bo (2006), Qun l gio dc, NXB S Phm
11- on Duy Hinh-Nguyn Phng Hng-V Trng R-Lng Vit Thi (2008) Mt s vn i
mi phng php dy hc mn Vt l - Trung hc c s NXB Gio dc.
12- L Huy Ha (2008), NXB Lao ng.
13- Nguyn Phng Hng (2002), Trnh Th Hi Yn, Cao Th Thng, Nguyn Minh ng, Mt s
vn i mi phng php dy hc trng trung hc c s, NXB Khoa hc K thut H Ni.
14- ng Thnh Hng (2002), Dy hc hin i, l lun v bin php k thut, NXB i hc Quc gia
H Ni.
15- Nguyn Thy Hng (2008)-Nguyn Quang Ninh, Mt s vn i mi phng php dy hc
mn Ng vn- Trung hc c s NXB Gio dc.
16- Trn Th Hng (2007), Xu th pht trin gio dc
17- V Duy Khang (2005) Lut Gio dc-Mc tiu i mi c bn v ton din gio dc Vit nam giai
on 2006-2020 ch chnh sch mi ngnh Gio dc v o to, NXB Lao ng-X hi
18- Trn Kim (2004), Khoa hc qun l gio dc, Mt s vn l lun v thc tin, NXB Gio
dc.
19- H Vn Lin (2007), Gio trnh khoa hc qun l gio dc, HSP TPHCM, Tp. H ch Minh.
20- o Ngc Lc (2008), Nguyn Hnh Dung-V Th Li, Mt s vn i mi phng php dy
hc mn Ting Anh- Trung hc c s NXB Gio dc
21- Qu Long (2008)-Kim Th, Cm nang cng tc ging dy nh trng v nhng quy nh php lut
cn bit, NXB Lao ng X hi
22- Hong Long (2008), L Anh Tun-L Minh Chu, Mt s vn i mi phng php dy hc
mn m nhc Trung hc c s, NXB Gio dc
23- m Luyn (2008), Bch Ngc Dip-Nguyn Quc Ton, Mt s vn i mi phng php dy
hc mn M thut- Trung hc c s, NXB Gio dc.
24- Lu Xun Mi (2000), L lun dy hc i hc, NXB Gio dc
25- Phan Trng Ng (2005), Dy hc v phng php dy hc trong nh trng, NXB i hc s
phm
26- H Th Ng - ng V Hot (1987), Gio Dc Hc, NXB Gio dc
27- Bi Ngc Onh, Tm l hc trong x hi v qun l, NXB thng k, H Ni.
28- Phm Thu Phng (2008), Nguyn Th Minh Phng-Phm Th Sen-Phm Th Thanh, Mt s vn
i mi phng php dy hc mn a l- Trung hc c s, NXB Gio dc.
29- Nguyn Ngc Quang (1989), Nhng khi nim c bn v l lun qun l gio dc, NXB Gio dc.
30- Hong Tm Sn (2007), Gio trnh khoa hc qun l, HSP TP.HCM, Tp. H ch Minh.
31- H Nht Thng-o Thanh m (1998), Lch s Gio dc th gii, NXB Gio Dc
32- Tn Thn (2008), Phan Th Luyn -ng Th Thu Thy, Mt s vn i mi phng php dy
hc mn Ton- Trung hc c s, NXB Gio dc.
33- Trn qu Thng-Phm Thanh Hin (2008), Mt s vn i mi phng php dy hc mn sinh
hc- Trung hc c s, NXB Gio dc.
34- Cao Th Thng- V Anh Tun (2008), Mt s vn i mi phng php dy hc mn Ha hc-
Trung hc c s, NXB Gio dc.
35- Trn nh Thun - V Th Th (2008), Mt s vn i mi phng php dy hc mn Th dc-
Trung hc c s, NXB Gio dc.
36- Thi Duy Tuyn (2001), Gio dc hc,NXB i hc Quc gia H Ni.
34- K nng h tr i mi qun l dnh cho hiu trng v Cn b qun l gio dc, NXB Lao ng.
37- Lut Gio Dc (2005), Mc tiu i mi c bn v ton din gio dc Vit Nam giai on 2006-
2020, Ch chnh sch mi ngnh gio dc v o to, NXB Lao ng-X Hi.
38- B Gio Dc v o To (2008), Cm nang cng tc ging dy nh trng v nhng quy nh
php lut cn bi,t NXB Lao ng-X Hi.
39- B Gio Dc o To, Chin lc pht trin gio dc 2001-2010
40- B Gio Dc- o To, n i mi Gio dc i hc Vit Nam giai on 2006-2020
41- B Gio Dc o To, cng ti liu tp hun cn b qun l gio dc THCS h 2008 ( Ti
liu lu hnh ni b), H ni 2008
42- B Gio Dc o To (2006), Chng trnh gio dc ph thng cp THCS, NXB Gio Dc
43- B Gio Dc- o To (2004) Ti liu bi dng gio vin dy Sch Gio Khoa lp 8 ( Cc mn
hc Dng cho GV v CBQL), H Ni
44- B Gio Dc o To (2009), i mi lnh o v qun l trong nh trng ph thng
45- B Gio Dc- o To (2009), Pht trin i ng trong nh trng ph thng
46- B Gio Dc- o To (2009), H tr hng dn ngh nghip
47- B Gio Dc- o To (2009), Vn ha nh trng
48- B Gio Dc- o To (2009), Lp k hoch chin lc nh trng
49- B Gio Dc- o To (2009), Huy ng ngun lc pht trin nh trng
50- B Gio Dc- o To (2009), i mi lnh o v qun l hot ng dy hc, pht trin gio
dc ton dinhc sinh trong trng PT
51- S Gio Dc- o To TPHCM (2009), Cc vn bn php lut v gio dc ph thng ( Lu hnh
ni b)
52- V-V a-V-v (1972), Cc dng khi qut ha trong dy hc, NXB i hc quc gia H Ni.
53- Pam Robbins-Harvey B. Alvy, Cm nang dnh cho hiu trng, NXB Chnh tr Quc gia H Ni (
2004)
54 - Carl Rogers, Phng php dy v hc hiu qu, NXB Tr (2001)
55 - I.In.Lecne, Dy hc nu vn , NXB Gio dc (1997)
56- Ti liu phc v cng tc bi dng h cho Cn b Qun l v gio vin thnh ph H Ch Minh
chun b nm hc mi (2008 2009) - Hunh Cng Minh, Dy hc c th,
57-Microsoft, Partners in learning (S dng cng ngh thng tin trong dy hc, chia s kinh nghim s
dng cng ngh thong tin trong dy hc..)
58- Google/ i mi phng php dy hc
59-Ch th s 55/2008/CT-BGDT ngy 30/9/2008 ca B trng B Gio Dc o to v tng
cng ging dy, o to v ng dng cng ngh thng tin trong ngnh gio dc giai on 2008-
2012
60- Bo Gio Dc ra ngy th hai, 5.10.2009 Vai tr ca Hiu trng trong i mi phng php
dy hc
PH LC 2.1

PHIU TRNG CU KIN
(Dnh cho gio vin v cn b qun l)

Knh tha qu anh ch!
Tm hiu v vic i mi phng php dy hc (PPDH) v qun l vic i mi phng php dy hc
trong nh trng l mt vn cn thit. thc hin c vn ny, chng ti mong anh ch cho bit kin
ca mnh v vn trn bng cch nh du (x) vo mt trong cc mc ( bng di y) ng vi tng ni
dung m anh, ch cho l ph hp.
Cm n s gip ca anh ch!

I. Thng tin c nhn
1. Chc v:
2. Thm nin:
3. Trnh c o to:
II. Ni dung

1.Theo anh (ch), i mi PPDH c thc s cn thit khng?

Rt cn thit Cn thit t cn thit Khng cn thit

2. Theo anh (ch), i mi PPDH nhm mc ch no di y?

Mc ch i mi PPDH Quan
trng
Bnh
thng
t
quan
trng
Khng quan
trng
1.Nng cao cht lng dy hc
2.Kch thch hng th hc tp,
pht huy tnh tch cc hc tp
ca HS

3.Thc hin ch trng ca
ngnh GD

4.p ng yu cu ca dy hc
trong thi i hin nay

5.Ly thnh tch cho nh
trng


3. Theo anh (ch) GV i mi PPDH theo hng no di y?

Hng i mi Thng
xuyn
Thnh
thong
t khi Khng
bao gi
1. Tch cc ha hot ng
dy hc

2. C bit ha hat ng dy
hc

3. Cng ngh ha hot ng
dy hc



4. Anh (ch) nh gi GV s dng cc PPDH di y mc no trong qu trnh ging
dy b mn?

Cc phng php Nhiu Bnh
thng
Rt
it
Khng s
dng
1. Phng php thuyt trnh
2. Phng php m thoi
3. PP nghin cu SGK v ti liu
tham kho

4. Phng php trc quan
5. Phng php luyn tp
6. Phng php kim tra vn p
7. Phng php kim tra vit
8. Phng php kim tra thc
hnh

9. PP thuyt trnh nu vn
10. PP tho lun nhm nh
11. PP dy hc gii quyt vn
12. Phng php dy hc bng
tnh hung

13. PP dy hc theo d n

5. Anh (ch) nh gi hiu qu i mi PPDH ca GV nh th no?

Mc Hiu qu
Tt Kh TB Yu
(t)
1. HS hng th vi mn hc, bi hc
2. HS tch cc, c lp trong hc tp
3. Bi dy tr nn sinh ng, hp dn
4. Rn luyn k nng t hc ca HS
5. Rn luyn k nng hc tp hp tc HS
6. Rn k nng khai thc thng tin t nhiu ngun
khc nhau phc v cho bi hc HS

7. HS lnh hi kin thc bi hc chnh xc, phong
ph

8. Cht lng bi hc c nng cao

6. Anh (ch) cho bit nhng kh khn m GV gp phi khi i mi PPDH?

Mc Kh khn
Nhiu TB t Khng
1. Ni dung bi dy qu nng
2. Thi gian dnh cho HS t hc t
3. iu kin dy hc, thit b dy hc thiu v lc
hu

4. GV cn hiu bit t v PPDH hin i
5. Tiu chun nh gi gi dy ca GV cn nhiu
bt cp, vn theo PPDH dy hc truyn thng

6. HS th ng v cha quen PP hc tp tch cc
7. Nh trng cha khuyn khch, cha to iu
kin cho vic i mi PPDH v s HS thi rt
8. Nh trng khng kim tra, nh gi vic i
mi PPDH ca GV

9. Nh trng cha pht ng phong tro i mi
PPDH su rng trong GV.

10. Trng cha c cc bin php ch ti cho vic
i mi PPDH ca GV (khen thng, trch pht)


7. Nh trng trin khai vic i mi PPDH nh th no?

Cc bin php qun l Thng
xuyn
t
khi
Rt
t
Khng
bao gi
1.Trng a vic i mi PPDH thnh hot
ng trng tm trong k hoch nm hc

2.BGH trin khai k hoch i mi PPDH ti
trng, ph cc n v trong nh trng ngay t
u nm hc

3.BGH yu cu v kim tra vic trin khai i
mi PPDH T B mn, tng GV

4.BGH Pht ng phong tro i mi PPDH
rng ri trong tan trng, c tng kt, nh gi
cui hc k hoc cui nm

5. Trng Ph bin, t chc tho lun v mc
ch ca vic i mi PPDH cho GV ti Hi
ng GV v T B mn

6. Trng m cc lp bi dng v PPDH hin
i, ng dng cng ngh thng tin trong dy hc
cho GV

7.Trng t chc Hi ngh, Hi tho khoa hc
v i PPDH trong nh trng

8.Trng xy dng chun nh gi hiu qu i
mi PPDH trong tng bi dy

9. Kim tra vic i mi PPDH trong Gio n
ca GV

10. Kim tra vic i mi PPDH trn lp qua d
gi

11.Trng t chc cc gi dy p dng cc
PPDH hin i, rt kinh nghim v nhn rng
trong ton th GV

12.Trng.a vic i mi PPDH thnh mt
tiu chun nh gi gi dy

13.i mi PPDH l mt tiu chun xt danh
hiu thi ua ca GV

14.Khen thng v trch pht r rng i vi
vic i mi PPDH GV trong ton trng




8. vic i mi PPDH c kt qu trong nh trng, anh/ch c nhng kin ngh (hoc
yu cu) g?

* i vi B gio dc v o to





* i vi S Gio dc- o to





* i vi Phng Gio duc o to





* i vi Ban gim hiu nh trng





* i vi T trng B mn





. * i vi gio vin



* i vi hc sinh




PH LC 2.2

PHIU TRNG CU KIN
(Dnh cho hc sinh trng THCS)

tm hiu v vic i mi phng php dy hc (PPDH) v qun l vic i mi phng php dy
hc trong nh trng l mt vn cn thit. thc hin c vn ny, chng ti mong cc em cho bit
kin ca mnh v vn trn bng cch nh du (x) vo mt trong cc mc ( bng di y) ng vi tng
ni dung m cc em cho l ph hp.
Cm n s cng tc ca cc em!

I. Thng tin c nhn
- Gii tnh: nam n
- Tui : - Lp:
II. Ni dung
1. Trong cc tit hc, thy (c) i mi PPDH theo hng no di y?

Hng i mi Thng
xuyn
Thnh
thong
Rt t
khi
Khng
bao gi
1.Thy, c pht huy tnh
tch cc, sng to, c lp
trong hc tp

2. Thy, c la chn cc
PPDH ph hp trnh
nhn thc ca HS (K,G,TB,
Yu)

3. Thy c s dng Gio n
in t


2. Trong qu trnh hc, thy (c) s dng mc no cc PPDH di y?
Cc phng php Nhiu Bnh
thng
Rt
t
Khng s
dng
1. Phng php thuyt trnh
2. Phng php m thoi
3. PP nghin cu SGK v ti liu
tham kho

4. Phng php trc quan
5. Phng php luyn tp
6. Phng php kim tra vn p
7.Phng php kim tra vit
8. Phng php kim tra thc hnh
9. PP thuyt trnh nu vn
10.PP tho lun nhm nh
11.PP dy hc gii quyt vn
12.Phng php dy hc bng tnh
hung

13. PP dy hc theo d n
3.Theo em cc tit hc trn lp em li hiu qu nh th no?

Mc Hiu qu
Tt Kh TBnh Yu (t)
1. Hng th vi mn hc, bi hc
2. Thy, c gip HS tch cc hc tp, c lp trong suy
ngh

3. Bi dy thy c sinh ng, hp dn
4. Thy, c gip cc em rn k nng t hc
5. Rn luyn k nng hc tp hp tc HS
6. Rn k nng khai thc thng tin t nhiu ngun khc
nhau phc v cho bi hc cho HS

7. Cc em lnh hi kin thc bi hc chnh xc, phong ph
8.Cc em tip thu bi hc v vn dng vo thc tin (Cht
lng mi tit hc c nng cao)


4. Em cho bit nhng kh khn gp phi trong qu trnh thy c s dng cc PPDH mi hin
nay?

Mc Kh khn
Nhiu TBnh t Khng
1. Kin thc bi dy qu nng ( nhiu)
2. Thi gian dnh cho HS t hc t
3. iu kin dy hc, thit b dy hc thiu v lc hu
4. Thy, c vn theo PPDH dy hc truyn thng
( thy c- tr chp)

5. Cc bn th ng v cha quen PP hc tp tch cc,
ch ng

6. Thy, c cha to iu kin cho HS hc theo PP mi
v s cc em thi kt qu khng cao

7. BGH cha thng xuyn d gi thy c trn lp hc
( nh gi vic i mi PPDH )

8. Thy, c cha c khuyn khch, ng vin nhng HS
tch cc tham gia cc hot ng hc .


5. cc tit hc c hng th, t hiu qu cao (i mi PPDH) c kt qu trong nh
trng, em c nhng yu cu g?
* i vi ban gim hiu


* i vi thy, c


* i vi cc bn



PH LC 2.3


S LIU TRNG CU KIN HS


Bng 1. Trong cc tit hc, thy (c) i mi PPDH theo hng no di y?

Hng i mi
Thng
xuyn (%)
Thnh
thong
(%)
Rt t
khi
(%)
Khng
bao gi
(%)
1.Thy, c pht huy tnh
tch cc, sng to, c lp
trong hc tp
15 50.8 29.2 4.5
2. Thy, c la chn cc
PPDH ph hp trnh
nhn thc ca HS
(K,G,TB, Yu)
39.7 31.2 22.3 5.7
3. Thy c s dng Gio
n in t
4.2 38.1 55.7 1.4

Bng 2. Trong qu trnh hc, thy (c) s dng mc no cc PPDH di y?

Cc phng php Nhiu
(%)
Bnh
thng
(%)
Rt
t
(%)
Khng s
dng(%)
1. Phng php thuyt trnh 65 20.4 13.7 0.5
2. Phng php m thoi 45.9 33.8 16.2 3.0
3. PP nghin cu SGK v ti liu
tham kho
44.5 42 10.4 1.5
4. Phng php trc quan 21.4 45.2 30.1 2.4
5. Phng php luyn tp 64 30.7 3.8 0.5
6. Phng php kim tra vn p 34 34.5 24.9 5.4
7.Phng php kim tra vit 55.6 31.9 9.7 1.3
8. Phng php kim tra thc
hnh
14.6 48.9 33.6 1.6
9. PP thuyt trnh nu vn 11.9 39.7 41.9 4.5
10.PP tho lun nhm nh 21.3 42.1 32.6 2.9
11.PP dy hc gii quyt vn 16.9 32.2 39.9 7.3
12.Phng php dy hc bng
tnh hung
7.5 25.3 53.8 12.2
13. PP dy hc theo d n 3.9 8.3 10.7 75.2






Bng 3.Theo em cc tit hc trn lp em li hiu qu nh th no?

Mc (%) Hiu qu
Tt Kh TBnh Yu (t)
1. Hng th vi mn hc, bi hc 25.8 43.5 25.2 5.2
2. Thy, c gip HS tch cc hc tp, c lp trong
suy ngh
30.3 33.5 28.8 6.2
3. Bi dy thy c sinh ng, hp dn 18.7 40.1 29.7 11.1
4. Thy, c gip cc em rn k nng t hc 27.5 27.7 26.9 17.2
5. Rn luyn k nng hc tp hp tc HS 21.6 31.1 29.4 15.7
6. Rn k nng khai thc thng tin t nhiu ngun khc
nhau phc v cho bi hc cho HS
18.9 33.7 32.2 13.1
7. Cc em lnh hi kin thc bi hc chnh xc, phong
ph
15.5 42.1 32.8 8.6
8.Cc em tip thu bi hc v vn dng vo thc tin
(Cht lng mi tit hc c nng cao)
18.4 34.2 29.9 16.7

Bng 4. Em cho bit nhng kh khn gp phi trong qu trnh thy c s dng cc PPDH
mi hin nay?

Mc (%) Kh khn
Nhiu TBnh t Khng
1. Kin thc bi dy qu nng ( nhiu) 70.6 22.4 4.7 1.9
2. Thi gian dnh cho HS t hc t 45.4 31.7 16 6.5
3. iu kin dy hc, thit b dy hc thiu v lc
hu
23 40.8 20.1 15
4. Thy, c vn theo PPDH dy hc truyn thng
( thy c- tr chp)
32.3 26.9 28.2 11.6
5. Cc bn th ng v cha quen PP hc tp tch
cc, ch ng
35.6 39.7 15.6 7.7
6. Thy, c cha to iu kin cho HS hc theo PP
mi v s cc em thi kt qu khng cao
25.2 33.7 22.1 17.6
7. BGH cha thng xuyn d gi thy c trn lp
hc ( nh gi vic i mi PPDH )
32.3 35 25.5 7.0
8. Thy, c cha c khuyn khch, ng vin nhng
HS tch cc tham gia cc hot ng hc .
22.5 31.1 21.5 24.4

PH LC 2.4

PHIU PHNG VN CBQL V GV

Cu hi 1:
Khi thc hin i mi PPDH, kh khn ln nht m thy c gp phi l g?
Cu hi 2 :
Nhng trang thit b no gip gio vin i mi PPDH t hiu qu?
Cu hi 3 :
Nu cn CBQL to iu kin i mi PPDH, th nhng vn g thy c quan tm nhiu
nht?
Cu hi 4 : Anh, ch c suy ngh nh th no v vic gio vin ch thc hin i mi
PPDH trong cc tit thao ging, chuyn , cn cc tit dy trn lp vn dy theo PPDH truyn
thng?
Cu hi 5 : Cc kim tra hin nay c ph hp vi xu th i mi hay khng?
Cu hi 6 : Thy c khi trin khai cng tc bi dng v i mi PPDH thng gp
nhng kh khn g?
Cu hi 7 :
Theo thy c cn bi dng v mt no, gip anh ch i mi PPDH hiu qu?

PH LC 3.1
PHIU THM D KIN
(Dnh cho CBQL v GV trng THCS)
Knh tha qu anh ch!
Nhm nng cao cht lng cng tc qun l vic i mi PPDH trng THCS, chng ti
xut mt s bin php qun l v vn ny. Rt mong anh/ch cho bit kin ca mnh v tnh cn
thit v tnh kh thi ca cc bin php qun l c xut bng cch nh du (x) vo tng theo
mc m anh/ ch cho l ph hp.

Xin hy c k tng mc di y:
Mc 4: ng vi rt cn thit, rt kh thi
Mc 3: ng vi cn thit, kh thi
Mc 2: ng vi t cn thit v t kh thi
Mc 1: ng vi khng cn thit v khng kh thi

Cn thit Kh thi
STT
Mc
Cc bin php
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
1
Nng cao nhn thc v i mi
PPDH

1.1
HT pht ng phong tro thi tm hiu, v
vic i mi PPDH

1.2
Hiu trng t chc cho GV, CBQL trao
i, tho lun v mc ch ca vic i
mi PPDH

1.3
Hiu trng t chc cc bui sinh hot
chuyn i mi PPDH .

1.4
Hiu trng t chc cc kha bi dng
trong h v xu th i mi PPDH v cc
PPDH tch cc.

1.5
C GV, CBQL tham gia cc lp bi
dng i mi PPDH do B gio dc v
o to t chc

1.6
To iu kin cho GV tip cn sch bo,
cc tp ch v i mi PPDH

2. K hoch ha v i mi PPDH

2.1
HT xy dng k hoch i mi PPDH (xc
nh M, hng i mi PPDH, nhn s
theo di, kim tra)

2.2
Thng nht v mc ch i mi PPDH.
CBQL, GV trong ton trng thm nhun
quan im i mi PPDH

2.3
Thng nht v ni dung i mi PPDH,
theo xu th kt hp PPDH truyn thng
vi PPDH hin i.

2.4
Xc nh r rng c nhn v t chc tham
gia i mi PPDH.

2.5
Xy dng k hoch i mi PPDH c s
ng gp kin ca TTCM, GV

2.6
Ph bin k hoch i mi PPDH n
TTCM, nh hng TTCM xy dng k
hoch i mi PPDH.

Cn thit Kh thi
STT
Mc
Cc bin php
1 2 3 4 1 2 3
4
3 T chc vic i mi PPDH


3.1
a vic i mi PPDH thnh mt trong
nhng ni dung sinh hot ca T CM.

3.2
HT cng T CM xy dng chun nh
gi, xp loi gi dy theo hng i mi
PPDH

3.3
GV chun b bi dy v trin khai bi dy
trn lp theo hng ly hot ng hc ca
HS lm trung tm p dng cc PPDH
tng ng.

3.4
Trng t chc d gi dy theo hng i
mi PPDH, rt kinh nghim v nhn rng
trong ton th GV

3.5
HT phn cng cc b phn to iu kin
thun li cho GV s dng cc ngun lc,
vt lc phc v cho vic i mi PPDH.

4
iu khin thc hin vic i mi
PPDH

4.1
T CM tho lun k hoch i mi PPDH
nh: i mi PPDH trong k hoch dy
hc, trin khai trn lp.

4.2
T trng gp k hoch bi dy theo
hng i mi PPDH trc khi trnh HT.
HT duyt k hoch bi dy theo hng i
mi PPDH

4.3
Thnh lp ngn hng , i mi cch
nh gi theo hng tng tnh vn
dng, sng to ca ngi hc

4.4
Bi dng GV k nng ng dng CNTT
v bi dng PPDH theo d n, p
ng i mi PPDH hin nay.

4.5
Xy dng i ng GV ct cn theo tng
b mn, nng lc v i mi PPDH.

4.6
Mi chuyn vin v PPDH mi tp
hun su rng cho GV.

4.7
HT cn t chc thao ging, hi tho khoa
hc v i mi PPDH, cc GV trao i
kinh nghim, sau nhn rng trong ton
th GV.

4.8
Hng nm pht ng phong tro GV vit
sng kin kinh nghim qua thc t ging
dy v i mi PPDH, nhn rng trong
GV



Cn thit Kh thi
STT
Mc
Cc bin php 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
4.9

Tng phng THTN ng chun phc
v PPDH mi. Xy dng phng t hc
cho HS v th vin cn tng u sch v
phim nh c lin quan n i mi PPDH

4.10
B sung v thay th nhng DDH cn
thiu v lc hu khng cn ph hp vi
thc tin, khuyn khch GV t lm DDH

4.11
To iu kin v trang thit b DH hin
i, yu cu GV tip cn, s dng thnh
tho t hiu qu cao.

4.12
Gim s s HS hot ng v i mi
PPDH t hiu qu

4.13
Sa cha, xy dng mi, bn gh tin di
chuyn thun tin cho hot ng nhm

5
Kim tra, iu chnh cng tc qun l
vic i mi PPDH

5.1
HT kim tra k hoch i mi PPDH ca
T b mn, gp cch thc hin ph hp
vi iu kin ca nh trng.

5.2
HT d nhng bui sinh hot T CM bn
v i mi PPDH.

5.3
HT-TTCM kim tragio nc M
PPDH v ph hp tng i tng HS

5.4
D gi nh k v t xut rt kinh
nghim v i mi PPDH

5.5
HT kim tra v i mi cch ra ,
nh gi HS ph hp vi PPDH mi.

5.6
Hng thng kim tra cc phng chc nng,
DDH v phng tin DH hin i p
ng PPDH mi.

5.7
Khen thng i vi GV thc hin tt
vic i mi PPDH v a vo xt thi ua
cui HK, cui nm hc

5.8
Ly kin HS GV iu chnh PPDH
cho thch hp v hng dn HS la chn
PP hc tp.


Trn trng cm n qu anh, ch hp tc h tr chng ti hon thnh cng trnh nghin cu
khoa hc.

PH LC 3.2


Bng 3.6 Tng hp tnh cn thit v kh thi ca cc bin php

Cn thit Kh thi
Bin
php
GV CBQL
X
chung
GV CBQL
X
chung

1
3.59 3.74 3.62 3.54 3.73 3.60
2
3.59

3.79

3.63

3.55

3.76

3.60
3
3.59

3.72

3.60

3.45

3.58

3.50

4
3.62 3.68 3.63 3.53 3.52 3.53
5 3.60
3.75

3.63

3.57

3.68
3.60

X
chung

3.60 3.70 3.62 3.53 3.65 3.56

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