4.4.

Cu hnh Asterisk
Sau khi ci t xong asterisk trn linux, c th thc hin chc nng tng i thit lp cuc gi,
ta phi cu hnh cho asterisk. C nhiu loi file cu hnh nh zaptel.conf, zapata.conf,
extensions.conf, sip.conf, iax.conf phn ny ta ch quan tm ti file sip.conf,
extensions.conf.
- Sip.conf : file cu hnh v cc thng tin cu hnh ngi dng nh username, password,
IP, type, security, codec, v giao thc bo hiu SIP, y l thnh phn cn bn nht
lu gi thng tin trong Asterisk.
- Extension.conf: file cu hnh v cc lut nh tuyn cuc gi, lut quay s, cc extension
trong ngoi v nhng tnh nng c bit khc. Extensions.conf l file quan trng nht
trong bt k cu hnh Asterisk no
4.4.1 cu hnh file sip.conf
to mt file sip.conf ta c th dng nhiu cng c, y s dng nano.
- Vo Terminal
Cu lnh ci t nano: ~$ sudo apt-get -y install nano.
- To file sip.conf:
Vo th mc etc/asterisk:
~$ Cd / etc/asterisk
y l th mc ny v y l th mc chc cc file cu hnh ca asterisk
Sau g lnh:
Sudo nano sip.conf
Ca s son tho c hin th, y ta s to cc username v password nh sau:

Trong :
- [1001]: l username
- Context: cch chia nhm user d qun l. Mi context cha nhiu user. cc thu bao
trong nhm ny s c cu hnh mt k hoch quay s chung. Context trong sip.conf v
extensions.conf phi khp nhau asterisk c th i chiu v thc hin qu trnh cuc
gi
- Secret: password ca user
- Host = dynamic: a ch ca host c username s c xc nh khi ng k vo tng
i
Sau khi cu hnh xong, lu file bng phm Ctrl+O. thot bng phm Ctrl+X
4.4.2 cu hnh file extensions.conf
Dng lnh nano to mi file: ~$ Sudo nano extensions.conf
G cc lnh cu hnh nh hnh sau:


Cc thu bao trong nhm c context l my-phones s c thit lp k hoch quay s nh sau:
Exten => 1001,1,dial(SIP/1001): cuc gi ti thu bao 1001 s c chuyn ti a ch tng
ng vi thu bao 1001.
Exten => 1002,1,dial(SIP/1002): cuc gi ti thu bao 1002 s c chuyn ti a ch tng
ng vi thu bao 1002.
S 1 l u tin
Lu v thot file
By gi tng i c cu hnh c bn, c th thc hin cuc gi gia c thit b c username
password nh trong file cu hnh. Cc thit b ny c th l pc, ipphone
Sau y l cc thc hin cuc gi PC to Pc trong LAN
4.5. Thc hin cuc gi PC to PC trong LAN
Hai PC v asterisk server trong cng mnh LAN (ni vi nhau qua modem ADSL hay qua
Switch)
Khi ng tng i bng lnh asterisk vvvvvc

Cc PC ci t softphone s c cu hnh username, password nh hnh sau
y s dng 2 phn mm l Blink v Xlite

Trong Blink
display name l tn hin th,
sip address c dng username@serverdomain
password: mt khu ca user


Trong Xlite ta ch cn g a ch ip ca server vo domain
Sau khi cu hnh xong th cc user name t ng nhp vo tng i, tng i s hin thng bo:


V trn Xlite s thy:


By gi hai thu bao s gi cho nhau: 1002 gi 1001




















PC 1001 c th chp nhn(accept) hoc t chi cuc gi (reject)
Nh vy 2 PC thc hin c cuc gi trong LAN
Nhng nhu cu s dng dch v thoi gi r ngy cng tng, Asterisk server phi phc v c
c cc thu bao ngoi mng LAN ca n m rng dch v, sau y chng ta s thc hin cuc
gi gia cc thu bao trong mng WAN
4.6. Thc hin cuc gi PC to PC trong WAN
Vic thc hin thoi trn WAN t ra mt vn l khi ra ngoi mng LAN, th a ch IP
privite khng c ngha, cc thu bao khng th thy c server trong LAN, v vy chng ta
phi gii quyt vic PC khc mng c th thy Asterisk server. Mi modem ADSL c mt a
ch WAN ring, v a ch ny thay i sau mi ln reset modem (dynamic). Nh vy cc thit b
khc mng ch tht a ch WAN ca Modem. lm c cc PC c th truy cp asterisk
server, th trn Modem ADSL phi thc hin NAT port. NAT port thc hin nh sau
G a ch trong LAN ca Modem vo trnh duyt Web,


nhp pass truy cp modem vo

Trong hnh ta thy a ch WAN ca modem l: 118.69.171.191

Sau vo NAT chn vo Enable SIP ALG

Chuyn sang Tab Port Forwarding
Service Name = VoIP (SIP)
Server IP Address = ip ca PC ci asterisk y l 192.168.1.33
Add

Sau lu li th ta c hnh sau:

Nh vy khi PC user truy cp vo a ch WAN 118.69.171.191 theo port ca VoIP (5060) th
modem s chuyn kt ni vo server c a ch 192.168.1.33 port 5060
By gi th cc user trong WAN c th truy cp Asterisk server v thc hin cuc gi. vic cu
hnh Account ging nh thc hin gi trong LAN.
Nh vy vic ta c th phn no hiu c ti sao cc user khp ni trn th gii c th gi
nhau qua cc dch v VoIP nh Yahoo, skype