2 ODN Design

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
www.huawei.com
Huawei Confidential
Security Level:
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2014/5/30
ODN Design
Prerequisites:
The design area must be provided.
The detailed survey must be complete.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
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This course is intended for beginners of an ODN design.
After completing this course, you should be able to:
Know about types of ODN solutions
Know about the basic flow of an ODN design
Master basic methods of an ODN design
Understand key points of an ODN design
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ODN Solution
Prerequisites of an ODN Design
Flow of an ODN Design
Method of an ODN Design
Principles of an ODN Design
Key Point of an ODN Design

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ODN Solution: FTTC
Copper line
Optical fiber
GPON
Center office
Curb
Home
< 1000m
3- 5 km
CPE
Outdoor cabinet
ADSL2+
ADSL2+/VDSL2/
POTS
CPE
POTS
GPON
CPE
ADSL2+/VDSL2/
ADSL2+/VDSL2/
Fiber
Fiber
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Copper line
ODN Solution: FTTB
Center office
Building
VDSL2/ADSL2+
GPON
3-5 km
Mini-DSLAM
Cat5
Fiber
MDU
MDU
MDU
GPON
MDU
FE+POTS
RF+VDSL2
POTS+VDSL2
VDSL2/ADSL2+
SBU
E1/POTS/FE
GE
Coaxial
100-200 m
Feeder
optical cable
Distribution
optical cable
Home
E1
CPE
TV
PBX
PC
Phone
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ODN Solution: FTTH
Center office
Home
GPON
GPON
ONT
PC
TV
Phone
Feeder
optical cable
Distribution
optical cable
Drop cable
3-5 km
< 300 m
Fiber P2P
P2P
PC
TV
Phone
PC
Phone
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ODN Solution

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Contents of Work:
Mainly obtains the necessary information and documents for an OND design.
Survey report
Drawings
Design standards confirmed with customer
Software for design, such as Google Earth, Auto CAD, and Microstation
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Survey report
Information about civil work
Information about buildings
User information
Drawings
General topographical map for the planned area
(government)
Sub-area division layout (government)
Communication pipe layout (customer)
Layout of data center, telecommunications rooms
of backbone node, and center offices
(customer/important)
Layout of backbone optical cables and routing
(customer)
Floor plan of the community (resident owner)
Silo and telecom riser layout (resident owner)
Diagram for integrated cable routing inside the
building (resident owner)
Drawings are hard to obtain, so a thorough
survey should be performed for obtaining more
detailed information.
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ODN Solution

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Input:
Survey
information
Customer
requirement
confirmation
Output:
FFTX solution
Splitting solution
Input:
Customer
requirement
Solution
Civil work
routing
Output:
BOQ
Input:
Survey information
Communication with
customers
Output:
User bandwidth
Capacity estimation

Solution
Selection
Customer Requirement
Confirmation
Equipment
Selection
Input:
Survey
information
Solution
Output:
optical cables
route
Civil work route
Output
ODN topology
ODN design
drawing
Documents:
BOQ and ICMS
Route
Selection
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ODN Solution

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Method of an ODN DesignBandwidth
Requirements of Typical Services
VoIP, videotelephony and
videoconference
Internet Application

Additional TV channels (i.e.
2 HD DTV)
HD Digital TV
SD Digital TV
On-line Gaming
Music on demand,
multimedia contents
10 Mbps
20 Mbps
3 Mbps
1 Mbps
2 Mbps
Video
1 Mbps Voice
2 Mbps Data
Bandwidth Service
In the above table, bandwidth requirements of the current typical services are listed. Bandwidth of each user is
determined by user type and negotiation with customers, and then by considering the survey information of
number of users, the total bandwidth (capacity) and split ratio can be determined.
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Method of an ODN Design-Solution Confirmation
Solution Type Application Areas Advantages
FTTC
1. Communities and commercial buildings that are not
constructed
Permission of entry to the
household need not be
obtained, and construction
risks are reduced.
2. Certain new communities
3. Certain communities with multi-story building that
have been constructed
FTTB
1. Commercial buildings and government buildings
1. Permission of entry to the
household need not be
obtained.
2. CAPEX is reduced.
2. Apartments with rich copper line resources
FTTH
1. Communities with multi-story buildings (areas where
permission of entry to the household is easy to obtain)
The real FTTH is achieved.
2. Commercial buildings and high-rise apartments with
deficient copper line resources.
3. Majority of villas
A proper solution is determined after taking into consideration the construction difficulty (including obtaining the
permission of entry to the household) and investment budget of customers.
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CO
Centralized splitting
Method of an ODN Design-Splitting Solution
Confirmation
Optical splitter
Optical splitter
Distributed splitting
CO
This optical cable is alternative in
straight through or splitting once
before.
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Method of an ODN Design-Splitting Solution
Confirmation
Splitting Mode Concept Advantage Disadvantage
Centralized
splitting
Splitters are placed in a centralized
manner. Generally, in centralized
splitting, 1-level splitting is adopted.
Centralized management,
less splices, less link loss,
low maintenance cost
Hard to expand
the capacity
Distributed
splitting
Splitters are widely distributed, and
splitting close to the user end is
installed in closure. Distributed
splitting may not necessarily be 2-
level splitting.
1. Easy for future expansion
2. Relatively small
investment
1. Hard for
management
2. High
maintenance
cost
Huawei recommends centralized splitting; however, for customers with
limited investment, distributed splitting is recommended.
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Method of an ODN Design-Protection Scheme
Type A feeder cable protection
IFpon
IFpon
IFpon
1:N optical splitter

OLT
ONU#1
ONU#N
Backup optical
cable

Protection area
Type B OLT ports backup
IFpon
IFpon
IFpon

OLT
ONU#1
ONU#N
IFpon

Protection area
Type A
The equipment is not configured with
the backup function.
If the backbone optical fiber is faulty,
switch to the backup optical fiber
manually.
Services are interrupted, and the
interrupt duration is determined by the
cable recovery duration.
If the cable to the user is faulty,
services are interrupted and backup
operation cannot be performed.

Type B
The OLT provides two GPON ports.
Protection is implemented only in the
case that the system automatically
switches to the standby system when
the backbone optical fiber is faulty. This
implements the protection for the
backbone optical fiber.
Only the optical fiber between the OLT
and the ONU, and the OLT board
hardware are protected.

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Method of an ODN Design-Protection Scheme
IFpon
IFpon
IFpon
OLT
ONU#
1
ONU#
N
Type C full protection
IFpon
IFpon
IFpon
2:N optical
splitter

Full protection
IFpon
IFpon
IFpon
2:N optical
splitter
OL
T
ONU
#1
ONU
#N
Type D hybrid
protection
IFpon
IFpon
2:N optical
splitter
1:2 optical
splitter
1:2 optical
splitter
Full protection
Type C
Protection is the type of the optical fiber
switchover on the entire network. Two different
routes exist between the OLT and the ONU. This
ensures line recovery from various faults.
When the ONUs active PON port or the
subscriber line is faulty, the ONU automatically
switches services to the standby PON port. Then,
services are transmitted through the standby line
and the OLTs standby port. In this manner,
services are not interrupted.

Type D
The OLT provides two ports. The ONU can
use either of the PON ports.
Two routes exist between the OLT and the
ONU to protect the entire network, and
services can automatically be switched to the
backup route in case of a fault.
This protection scheme is difficult to
implement and is of high cost.
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Method of an ODN Design-Dual-homing Protection
Mode for the OLT
ONT #1
EMS
ONT #N

OLT A
OLT B
ONT #2
Optical splitter
Working interface
Standby interface
launching
No launching
ONT #1
EMS
ONT #N

OLT A
OLT B
ONT #2
Optical splitter
launching
Alarm to EMS
Open the standby
interface
The EMS configures
the GPON working
interface and standby
interface.
The working interface
works but the standby
interface does not work.
If the working interface is
powered off, an alarm is
generated.
Then, the standby
interface works as the
working interface under
the control of the EMS.
Working interface
Standby interface
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Method of an ODN Design-Solution Selection
Protection Scheme Advantage Disadvantage
Type A
Optical cables are protected at
the feeder cable section.
No protection against other faults
Type B
(recommended)
1. Optical cables are protected at
the feeder cable section.
2. The OLT board is protected.
No protection against other faults
Type C The entire network is protected. High investment and hard to implement
Type D The entire network is protected. High investment and hard to implement
Dual homing (P2P)
Loop protection formed by
different COs.
Very high investment and hard to implement
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Method of an ODN Design-Routing Selection
(Without Use of the Existing Pipes)
FTTX solution
Splitting solution
Optical cable
routing
Survey information
Survey information
Civil work routing
Routing design should take the following into account: whether it
facilitates (special topography such as a river or a bridge)
construction; whether it is easy to obtain the construction
permission; whether the existing pipes can be re-used; whether
pipes need to be leased.
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Method of an ODN Design-Routing Selection
(With Re-use of the Existing Pipes)
FTTX solution
Splitting solution
Civil work
routing
Survey information
Survey information
Optical cable routing
If the existing pipes can be re-used, design the optical
cable routing by making full use of these existing pipes
to save investments.
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Method of an ODN Design-Equipment Selection
FAT
series
Cable/Closure
series
Connector
series
FDT
ATB
FDT
series
Optical
splitter
series
Indoor Wall-mounted Outdoor Splitter
Indoor FAT
Indoor Rack-mounted
Outdoor FAT
TB/ATB
series
TB
Optical cable
Splice Unit
Closure
Pigtail Adapter Patch cord Mechanical splicer FA connector
Flexible optical
cable
ODF
ODF
series
Integrated Splice &
Termination Unit
ODF
FDT FDT
Modular Splitter
Integrated splicing
and termination
unit
Cabling unit cable entry unit Base
Principles of selecting a device: reserve certain margin for future capacity expansion
Huawei's
ODN
products
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Method of an ODN Design-Equipment Selection
To select a device, consider the following:
Equipment functions
Equipment features (such as humidity and temperature)
Customers may not purchase Huawei's equipment. In this case, equipment is selected
according to ODN design.
For example, customers require a device (similar to Huawei's FDT) that has the following
functions :
Fusion splicing and distribution cables functions.
More than 500 lines.
Adaptation to the environment higher than 40C.
The cabinet can be opened and closed 1000 times.
According to above requirements, request customers to specify an equipment vendor to
check whether there is a device meeting these requirements. If there is no such a device,
check whether there are similar devices. If the similar devices do not exist, check whether
such a device can be customized (involving price) or modify the ODN design.
Generally, the equipment vendor can
provide the required devices and the
ODN design need not be modified.
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ODN Solution

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The ODN design is mainly used to instruct construction. Therefore, the obtainment
of permission of road rights and entry to the household is very important, which
affects construction process and cost.
A major principle of an ODN design is to easily obtain construction permission or to
try not to involve the construction permission in designing a route.

Easy to obtain construction permission

How much is the investment? ---According to customers' budget, design different
ODN solutions.
How long does the construction last? ---Customers require the construction is
complete as quick as possible and then services can be provisioned for profits.
Therefore, construction difficulties should be considered in designing an ODN
solution.
Meets customers' requirements
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ODN Solution

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Key Points of an ODN Design- Link Loss
ITU-T G984.2 defines the range of class B+ link loss from the OLT to the ONU as 13 dB to 28 dB.
The actual power budget is 24.05 dB to 32.5dB.
In the link budget, 4 dB to 5 dB are reserved for future maintenance.

Sometimes
0.3 or 0.4
Name Average Loss (dB)
Connection Point Adapter 0.2
Mechanical splicer 0.2
Fusion splicing point 0.1
Optical splitter 1:64 19.7
1:32 16.5
1:16 13.5
1:8 10.5
1:4 7.2
1:2 3.2
Optical cable (G.652) 1310 nm 0.35/km
1490 nm 0.25/km
1550 nm 0.21/km
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Key Points of an ODN Design-Link Loss
Splitter
Splitter unit
Patch
cord
Cable
Cable
FDT frame
Integrated splicing &
termination unit
Integrated splicing &
termination unit
Pigtail
Pigtail
Patch
cord
Splitter
Splitter unit
Pigtail
Cable
Integrated splicing & termination unit
OLT
Patch cord
Patch Cord
Cabling unit
Cable entry unit
Adapter
Splicing Joint Adapter Patch cord Pigtail cord
The left figure shows
the connection from
the OLT to the ODF.
Here, the ODF
contains an optical
splitter.

The left figure shows
the connection from
the optical cable to
the FDT. Here, the
FDT contains an
optical splitter.
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Connection from the optical
cable to the FAT
Cable
Splice
Cable
FAT
Cable
TB
Connection from the
optical cable to the TB
Cable
ATB
ONU
Splicing Joint Adapter Patch cord Pigtail cord
Connection from the optical cable
to the ATB and to the ONU
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Loss Type Quantity Average Loss
(dB)
Total Average Loss (dB)
1:64 1:32 1:16 1:8 1:4 1:2
Optical cable (G.652)(km) 20 0.35 7 7 7 7 7 7
Adapter 9 0.2 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8
Mechanical splicer 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fusion splicer 6 0.1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Optical
splitter
1:64 1 19.7 19.7
1:32 1 16.5 16.5
1:16 1 13.5 13.5
1:8 1 10.5 10.5
1:4 1 7.2 7.2
1:2 1 3.2 3.2
Total average loss of different branch (dB) 29.1 25.9 22.9 19.9 16.6 12.6
This table presents the calculation of link loss with 1-level optical splitting (splitting at FDT). In
the link, no mechanical splicing is used for cable connection.
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Key Points of an ODN Design-Determining
Optical Fiber Cores (OFCs)
The number of OFCs is mainly determined by the subscriber quantity.
The OFC of the drop cable is determined by the subscriber quantity of each
apartment (house).
The OFC of the distribution cable is determined by the subscriber quantity in an
area or building.
The OFC of the feeder cable is determined by the total subscriber cables in the
planned area.
OFC Selection Guide:
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FDT can be located
here.
The mainstream FDT of Huawei supports 512 subscribers. In the planning, one FDT is
planned to cover 350 to 450 subscribers, with certain margin left for future capacity
expansion.
The FDT is located outdoors; therefore, the position of FDT installation is to choose that
there is no need or it is easy to gain permission for FDT installation, and also FDT
installation does not affect ambient traffic.
The FDT is preferred to be installed beside the
original copper distribution terminal.
Key Points of an ODN Design-Determining FDT
Location
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Example-ODN Design for Customer A
Context
1. Customer A provides an area of 2.4 km
2
(marked in red).
2. Customer A provides the POP point (CO).
3. No pipe resources are available.
In this context, Huawei needs to provide an ODN design.
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Page 36
Design Input-Survey Information (Subscriber Model)
No. Subscriber Type
Building
Quantity
Subscriber
Quantity per
Building
Terminal
Quantity per
Building
Terminal
Quantity
Chosen ONT
1 Hotel 6 - 1 6 SRG
2 Bank 2 - 1 2 SRG
3 Hospital 1 - 1 1 SRG
4 School building 12 - 1 12 MA5620G
5 MALL 9 90 2 18 OT928
6 Apartment (FTTH) 15 30 30 450 HG810/HG850
7 Business building (FTTH) 17 8 8 136 OT928/OT925
8
Mixed business building
(FTTH)
17 90+30 32 544
HG850a/HG866 for
residential;
MA5620G for business
9 Apartment (FTTB) 16 30 1 16 MA5651
10
Mixed business building
(FTTB for the residential)
63 90+30 3 189
MA5651for residential;
MA5620G for business
Total 158 - - 1,374 -
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Subscriber/Service Type
Service type
Voice
Data
IPTV
Subscriber type
Residential subscribers
Business subscribers
VIP subscribers
For details, see page 14. Assuming that
subscriber services are provisioned at the
same time, the 26 Mbit/s bandwidth is
required. Therefore, 1:64 split ratio meets
the service requirements.
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Page 38
Sub-FDT Division
Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4
Subscriber
Quantity
261 489 434 190
FDT No.
FDT-1 FDT-2 FDT-3 FDT-4
According to the survey information about future service expectation, four
sub-FDT areas are divided.
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Page 39
One FDT for each 2 km of the 12 km feeder cable
Centralized splitting for four 512-subscriber FDTs
2:64 optical splitter
48-core feeder cable, and 24-core optical cable for
closure and FDT
Dual-homing Protection-Three Routing Solutions:
Solution 1
Closure
FDT
48-core feeder cable
24-core optical cable
ODF
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Compared with solution 1 (adopting one optical cable), solution 2
(adopting two feeder optical cables) requires higher cost (doubled
feeder cables and pipes) but has no obvious advantage.
Dual-homing Protection (Solution 2)
Closure
FDT
ODF
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Page 41
In this solution, the cost is higher, as the optical cables, pipes,
and trenches are doubled.
Protect the feeder cable and PON ports
Dual-homing Protection (Solution 3)
Closure
FDT
ODF
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Example-ODN Topology
This figure shows the
ODN topology
designed in the initial
planning, without
considering the dual-
homing protection.
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Example-drawing of ODN Design
Note: This drawing shows the routing of pipes, feeder cables, and distribution
cables of FDT1, and does not show the routing of the other three FDTs.
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Example-drawing of ODN Design
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Page 45
Example-BOQ
The bill of quantity
(BOQ) template can be
slightly changed
according to different
customer' requirements.
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Page 46
Example-ICMS
The integrated customer management system (ICMS)
is an ODN routing table from the CO to the ONU.
Thanks!
www. Huawei. com

2 ODN Design

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