TP ON IN LC VIT NAM

TNG CNG TY IN LC MIN NAM

BAN K THUT SN SUT

TI LIU
HNG DN TNH TON M PHNG LI
IN S DNG CHNG TRNH PSS/ADEPT

Thnh ph H Ch Minh, thng 05 nm 2014

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A.GII THIU CHUNG:

1. MC CH:
Hng dn phng php thu thp d liu, v m hnh li in bng
chng trnh PSS/ADEPT dng tnh ton m phng cc bi ton li in
nh:
Tnh ton phn b cng sut (Tn tht in p, cng sut);
Tnh ton v tr, dung lng b ti u cho li in trung h th (CAPO);
Tnh ton im dng (im tch li) ti u (TOPO);
Phi hp bo v;
Cc bi ton khc (phn tch sng hi, tin cy li in).
2. TI LIU THAM KHO:
Ti liu hng dn s dng chng trnh PSS/ADEPT (Ti liu km theo
chng trnh);
Ti liu ging dy, hng dn s dng phn mm PSS/ADEPT (Ti liu do
i hc Bch Khoa Thnh ph H Ch Minh bin son);
H thng in Truyn ti v phn phi (Tc gi H Vn Hin, NXB i
hc Quc gia TP.HCM, 2005);
Electrical Distribution System Protection (Cooper Power Systems, 1990);
3. NH NGHA, THUT NG, CH VIT TT:
PSS/ADEPT
: Power System Simulator/Advanced Distribution
Engineering Productivity Tool.
TOPO
: Tie Open Point Optimization.
CAPO
: Optimal Capacitor Placement.
TCC
: Time-Current Curve.
MBA
: My bin p.
TBA
: Trm bin p

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B. HNG DN TNH TON M PHNG LI IN DNG CHNG

TRNH PSS/ADEPT:
1. YU CU D LIU LI IN CHO PSS/ADEPT
m hnh li in trn PSS/ADEPT cn thu thp d liu li in
nh sau:
1.1. ng dy:
Chiu di ng dy;
Chng loi v c tnh k thut ca dy dn;
Hnh thc tr, chiu cao ca dy dn so vi t, b tr cc pha trn ct.
Cch xc nh hng s ng dy bng mdun ca chng trnh trnh by
phn 4.
1.2. Thit b chnh
Ngun:
Gi tr dng ngn mch 1 pha v dng ngn mch 3 pha ti thanh ci
22kV trm 110kV v thanh ci 110kV trm 220kV.
Cch xc nh cc thng s ngun trnh by phn 4.
My bin p:
V tr lp t, cc gi tr Po, Pk, Io%, Uk% ca MBA (nu khng th
tra cu c t l lch MBA th c th tham kho TCVN8084-1994).
Cch xc nh cc thng s MBA trnh by phn 4.
T b:
V tr lp t, loi (c nh, hay ng ng), dung lng t.
Cc thit b ng ct:
V tr lp t, cc thng s lin quan c tuyn dng in thi gian
(TCC) ca thit b.
1.3. Ph ti
Xy dng biu ph ti in hnh ngy cho cc nhm ph ti c
trng. V d: Cng nghip, sinh hot, bm Nng nghip,
Xc nh cng sut, cos tiu th ca tng ph ti.
Cch xc nh thng s ca ph ti trnh by phn 4.

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2. CI T PSS/ADEPT
Chy file setup.exe ci t chng trnh

Chn Next ti mn hnh Welcome.

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Chn [Yes] chp nhn cc iu khon s dng ca nh sn xut.

in thng tin ngi dng v s Serial Number cung cp theo b ci t.

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Chn th mc ci t chng trnh PSS/ADEPT.

Chn tn ca th mc PSS/ADEPT trong menu Start ca Windows.

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Click chn [OK] chp nhn ci t Driver cho kha cng.

Chn ci t Driver cho kha cng SuperPro.

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Reset Computer hon tt qu trnh ci t.

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3. CC THAO TC C BN TRN CHNG TRNH PSS/ADEPT:

Giao din chnh ca chng trnh PSS/ADEPT.

La chn hin th kt qu
tnh ton trn tng pha
Thanh cng c
Thanh cng c
Thanh cng c cc phn t li in
cc chc nng
chc nng view
ca PSS/ADEPT
m phng ca
ca PSS/ADEPT
Cc bc v 1 i tng trn s
PSS/ADEPT
- R chut vo cc i tng trn thanh
cng c s c hng dn ngha ca
cc i tng.
VNG BN V
- Click chn i tng cn v.
- a chut n v tr cn v i trng
THANH CNG C [NETWORK]
trong VNG BN V.
GM 3 TAB
- Click chut v i tng (cc i
Tab [Results]: Menu ty chn hnh hin
tng li in phi thuc 1 hoc 2
th cc kt qu tnh ton m phng trn
nt no ).
s (U, I, P, Q, cos ...).
Tab [Network]: Menu cc phn t li
in c trong s m phng.
Tab [DRA]: Menu ca chc nng phn
tnh tin cy li in.
VNG COMMAND HIN TH CC THNG BO CA CHNG TRNH

Cc bc chun b v mt s li in (4 BC)
3.1. Cu hnh cc th mc lm vic ca chng trnh v file th vin.
CHN MENU [FILE] [PROGRAM
SETTINGS ] M HP THOI
Chn cc th mc lm vic ca chng
trnh
Xc nh v tr file th vin cn s dng,
mc nh l file pti.com cua nh sn xut
chng trnh, cch to file *.pti hng
dn phn sau.

Cc ty chn khc cho cch v s

li in.

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3.2. Nhp cc thng tin c bn v li in cn m phng.

CHN MENU [NETWORK]
[PROPERTYS] M HP THOI

Chn cc thng tin c bn v li in

- S c bn.
- in p nh mc (trc cn quy
c in p nhp vo h thng l P-P
hay P-N).
- Tn s.

3.3. Ty chn hnh thc hin th kt qu tnh ton m phng.

- Chn cch hin th kt qu tnh ton m phng (U, I, P, Q )
TRN THANH CNG C [NETWORK]
CHN TAB [RESULT]
- Hin th in p ti cc nt l in p
dy, n v kV v c hin th gc pga
ca in p.
Lu : nu chn hin th in p dy th
ti cc v tr nt 1 pha s khng hin th
in p.
- Chn kt qu hin th trn cc nhnh
v ph ti l: I, P, Q, S hoc Cos.
- Unit prefix: chn kt qu hin th l k
hoc M.
- Precision: s ch s hin th phn
php phn ca kt qu tnh ton.
- Show unit: hin th n v (th
nguyn) pha sau kt qu tnh ton.
Lu : i vi trng hp chn hin th
cng sut
- Nu check vo Total s hin th tng
cng sut ca c 3 pha.
- Nu check vo By phase s hin th
cng sut tng pha.
- Nu check vo Branch losses s hin
th tn tht cng sut trn nhnh.
- Ty chn cch thc hin hin cng
sut trn cc nhnh.

3.4. V s li in trn PSS/ADEPT.

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4. M HNH CC I TNG LI IN BNG PSS/ADEPT:

Cc i tng m phng li in trn PSS/ADEPT bao gm: Nt,
Ngun, MBA, Dy dn, Ph ti, T b, ng c, Thit b ng ct bo v.
Mi i tng c cc thuc tnh khc nhau. m hp thoi thuc tnh
douple click vo i tng, hoc click chut phi chn [properties].
4.1.ng dy:
4.1.1. Yu cu hng s ng dy
Tn ng dy, s pha (1 pha, 3 pha);
Chiu di ng dy;
Tng tr th t thun, tng tr th t khng ca ng dy.

PSS/ADEPT cung cpMdun Line Constants dng tnh cc hng

s ng dy ca ng dy trn khng (cp ngm, cp ABC trung th
c th tnh ton theo l thuyt hoc tra t catalogue ca nh sn xut).
4.1.2. Xc nh hng s ng dy
S dng mdun Line Constants ca chng trnh tnh ton hng
s ng dy t cc d liu yu cu ti mc 1.
S dng chc nng Line Constants
a. M chc nng Line Constants t menu [Tools] chng trnh.
Tnh ton line
constants (e)

(a)

Menu chnh ca mdun line constants

To mi cu trc
ng dy (c)

Cc ty chn ca chc
nng line constants (b)

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b. Thit lp cc ty chn ca chc nng line constants.

Tn s ca HT,
chn = 50hZ

Chn units l n v SI
Trng hp mun chn c tnh k thut dy dn t file bn
ngoi th c th xc nh ng dn ca file cn s dng ti
y
Tham kho file th vin chun ca chng trnh nzaustconductors.csv

c. To mi 1 cu trc ng dy.

Click i chut vo y thit

lp cu trc ng dy (d)

d. Thit lp cc thng s ca cu trc ng dy.

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S pha ca
ng dy
B tr pha ca
ng dy Chng loi dy dn trn tng pha.
- c tnh k thut ca cc loi dy dn c th
tham kho t catalogue ca cc nh sn xut
trong nc hoc t th vin chun ca
chng trnh.

e. Chy chc nng Line constants xc nh hng s ng dy.

Cp nht gi tr tng tr th t thun v tng

tr th t nghch vo th vin ng dy

f. Cp nht hng s ng dy vo file th vin ca chng trnh

(*.con).

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File th vin thng s ng dy v thit b ca PSS/ADEPT l 1 file

dng text c phn m rng l *.con (file mu ca chng trnh l pti.con).
Cu trc *.con file ny cho php ngi dng thm vo cc b thng s mu
ca dy dn hoc thit b nhm thun tin cho vic s dng.
Ngi s dng PSS/ADEPT c th son tho file *.con bng cc
chng trnh son tho nh Notepad
Cu trc b thng s dy dn trn file *.con:

Dng 1: Dng c du ! pha u dng l dng ch thch.

Dng 2, 3, 4: Gm 7 ct cch nhau bng cc khong trng hoc tab,
ngha cc ct ln lt l:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Tn
R1
X1
Ro
Xo
C1
Co
AV50 B thng s 3 pha ca dy dn AV50 (t ct 2-7) tnh
ton t chng trnh line constant (phasing: ABC)
*2
B thng s 3 pha ca dy dn AV50 (t ct 2-7) tnh
ton t chng trnh line constant (phasing: AB, AC, BC)
*1
B thng s 3 pha ca dy dn AV50 (t ct 2-7) tnh
ton t chng trnh line constant (phasing: A,B,C)
*
4 ct l gi tr Im ca dy dn 4 cp qu ti khc nhau
Dng 5: Dng nh mc ca dy dn ( cp nh mc v 3 cp qu ti
ca dy dn, c th chn c 4 gi tr ny = Im).
Lu :
Khi t tn 1 cu trc ng dy cn th hin r cu trc dy dn
(Vd: 3A150+A95) thun tin khi xem s ;
i vi li in trung th khng tnh nh hng ca thnh phn
dung ca ng dy ln li in (cho thnh phn dung trong
hng s ng dy =0);
i vi li in h th khng tnh nh hng ca thnh phn
dung v khng ca ng dy ln li in (cho thnh phn dung,
khng trong hng s ng dy =0).
4.2. My bin p
Yu cu d liu:
Tn MBA;
Pha (1pha, 3 pha), t u dy;

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Cng sut nh mc (lu : nhp cng sut trn mi pha);

Tng tr tng ng ca MBA.

Tng tr tng ng ca MBA tnh theo cng thc sau:

Rn =

Pn
v Z n = U n % /100 khi X n = Z n2 Rn2
Sdm

Trong gi tr Pn v Un% ly t kt qu th nghim ngn mch gn

nht hoc ly theo TCVN 1984-1994.
xc nh mt cch gn ng nht nh hng ca mt TBA ln li
in, tn tht khng ti ca MBA cn thit c a vo m hnh TBA.
M HNH TRM BIN P
a. TBA cng cng s c m hnh nh sau:
Po + jQo
MBA

Trong :
Ti

I %* Sdm
2
Po l tn hao khng ti ca MBA v Qo = O
Po
100

Po v Io% c ly t th nghim khng ti gn gn nht hoc

ly theo TCVN 1984-1994.
Gi tr ti c tnh ton t ch s in k tng ca trm bin p
(trnh by ti mc 2.4)

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b. TBA khch hng o m trung th: c th c m hnh bng 1

ph ti (khuyn co s dng m hnh ging TBA cng cng tuy
nhin thng s MBA v thnh phn Po c gi tr = 0 thun
tin cho cng tc thng k v sau).
c. TBA khch hng o m h th: c m hnh ging nh trm
cng cng.
Lu :
Khi t tn cho TBA v thnh phn khng ti ca MBA cn lu
c tn theo m trm thun tin cho vic kim tra v cp nht
d vo chng trnh t excel (khng nhp n l tng trm);
Cn lp 1 file theo di trm bin p gm cc ni dung sau: M
TBA, Tn TBA trn PSS/ADEPT, Dung lng MBA, pha lp t
MBA, n v qun l...;
My bin p 3 pha loi c 1 MBA t u dy l Delta Wye -30 deg
(tng ng vi t u dy /Y-11). TBA 3 pha loi c 3 MBA v
TBA 1 pha t u dy l Wye Wye;
Tng tr tng ng cho MBA 3 pha (loi 3 MBA 1 pha) v MBA
1 pha l ging nhau.
4.3.Ngun
Yu cu d liu:
Tn ngun (nn t l: tn trm+pht tuyn, Vd: TanHung431);
Loi, in p nh mc;
Cng sut nh mc;
Tng tr th t thun v th t nghch ca ngun.

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Trong
Tng tr th t thun v th t nghch ca ngun c tnh ton t
gi tr Cng sut nh mc, dng ngn mch 1 pha v 3 pha ti nt
ngun theo cng thc sau:
S Base _ rating

3* S

Base _ rating
Z0 =
2 Z1
v
U dm * I f 3
U dm * I f 1
Thng thng do ta ch c c gi tr bin ca dng ngn mch
1 pha v 3 pha ti nt ngun v R1<< X1, Ro<< Xo nn chp nhn
X1~Z1 v Xo~Zo ngha l R1 = Ro = 0.
Quy c khi m hnh li in 22kV thanh ci 22kV ca trm
110kV c m hnh bng 1 ngun vi cng sut ca ngun l Sdm ca
MBA ni vi thanh ci 22kV .
4.4. Ph ti
4.4.1. Yu cu d liu cho ph ti gm:
Tn ph ti (nn ly m trm t tn cho ph ti trm);
Nhm ph ti (Load Categories);
Biu ph ti (Load Snapshots), c c t nh ga thc t qun
l vn hnh;
Loi ph ti (cn bng v khng cn bng);
Cng sut thc (P);
Cng sut phn khng (Q).

Z1 =

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Lu :
thun tin cho vic cp nht d liu ti cho chng trnh t file
excel, nn chn tt c cc loi ph ti (1 pha v 3 pha) l ti khng
cn bng;
Vic t tn cho ph ti (Name) cn phn theo nhm thun tin
cho vic cp nht v theo di ph ti (tt nht tn ph ti nn t theo
m trm hoc m khch hng thun tin cho vic cp nht hiu
chnh v kim tra).
Ngoi ra k t u tin ca tn ph ti nn l k t biu trng cho 1
nhm ph ti trong li in d dng cp nht hiu chnh sau ny.
V d: Trn li in c 5 nhm ph ti in hnh, khi TBA c
m trm l A thuc nhm ph ti (1) th nn c tn l 1.A.
Chn Menu [Network] [Load Categories] m hp thoi to
mi cc nhm ph ti ca li in.

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Click vo y
to mi nhm ph
ti

Chn Menu [Network] [Load Snapshots] m hp thoi xy

dng biu ph ti cho cc nhm ph ti.
Cn cp nht gi tr Relative
duration (pu) v Scale Factor ti tt
c cc snapshot ca tng ph ti.

Click
vo
y to
mi
cc
snapshot.

4.4.2. Xc nh cng sut v xy dng biu ph ti

Trnh t thc hin
a. Xy dng biu ph ti c trng cho tng nhm ph ti
(qua QLVH), tham kho cch xy dng biu ph ti cho
cc nhm ph ti trong phn ph lc.
b. Xc nh cng sut tiu th ca ph ti, tham kho 2 phng
php sau:
b.1. Da vo kt qu o ti nh k hng thng (phng php
ny n gin, nhng d gy sai s do thi im o ti l
khng ng thi).
b.2. Da vo sn lng ca tng khch hng (hoc TBA)
trong thng (c th truy xut t chng trnh CMIS) v

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nh gi h s cng sut (cos) ca khch hng (hoc

TBA) thng qua QLVH.
V d:
Kho st khch hng (hoc TBA) A c sn lng l 100kWh/thng
(thng c 30 ngy), cos = 0,8 v thuc nhm ph ti (1) c biu ph
ti in hnh nh sau:

Khi nhm ph ti (1) c chia thnh 4 load snapshots nh sau:

Snapshot Relative duration (pu) Scale Factor
Base
0
1
23h

7/24
0,3
05h
06h

3/24
0,8
08h
09h

9/24
0,5
17h
18h

5/24
1,0
22h
Lc ti mc Base P = 100/30/(0,3*7+0,8*3+0,5*9+1,0*5) ~ 0,238.
Q tng ng vi cos = 0,8 l Q = P*tan(arccos(0,8)) ~ 0,179.
Khi gi tr nhp vo cho ph ti l:
Name: 1.A
Categories: 1
Type: Constant Power, Unbalanced
Load:
1 pha (Pha A)
3 pha
P (kW) Q (kVar) P (kW) Q (kVar)
Pha A
P
Q
P/3
Q/3
Pha B
0
0
P/3
Q/3
Pha C
0
0
P/3
Q/3

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Lu : Khi nhp ti vo chng trnh cn phi chnh Load Snapshots v

mc Base
4.5. Cc thit b khc
4.5.1. Node
Yu cu d liu:
Tn node;
in p ti node .

Lu :
Tn node nn t theo nhm (thm tip u ng pha trc) thun
tin trong vic loi b mt s nhm node khng mong mun khi phn
tch cc bi ton c th (nh loi b cc node h th khi phn tch bi
ton CAPO cho li trung th).
V d: li in c 2 loi node trung th v h th khi t tn nn c
tip u ng pha trc tn node (trung th l T, h th l H). Cc
node h th s c loi b khi phn tch bi ton CAPO ti u
thi gian tnh ton.

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4.5.2. Switch
Yu cu d liu:
Tn thit b ng ct bo v;
c tuyn dng in thi gian (TCC) ca thit b bo v.

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Click vo y thm c tuyn TCC cho thit b

BV

M HNH 1 THIT B NG CT BO V

Thm mi v thit lp TCC cho thit b bo v.

4.5.3. T b
Yu cu d liu:
Tn t b;
in p;
Dung lng;
Loi (ng ng hay c nh).

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5. KIM TRA V SA CHA CC LI THNG GP PHI TRONG

QU TRNH NHP LIU:
Qu trnh v s m phng li in trn PSS/ADEPT do vic nhp d
liu bng th cng nn thng c nhiu sai st. Vic ny d dng nhn ra khi
chy loadflow (s ln lp kt qu hi t l rt ln). Sau y l mt s li
thng gp:
- Sai dung lng, t u dy, pha lp t MBA.
- Sai cng sut (qu ti MBA), pha u ni ca ph ti (pha ca ph ti khc
pha ca MBA)
MT S PHNG PHP XC NH CC V TR LI TRN S
M PHNG LI IN
5.1.S dng cc report ca PSS/ADEPT xc nh li (nu c)
- Menu [Report] [Network Summary]
Nu Number of islands 1
ngha l c 1 hoc nhiu i
tng khng c ni vo s
li in.

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- Ngoi ra Menu [Report] cn c nhiu ch nng h tr khc nh: xut

cc nhnh b qu ti, xut chi tit cc thng tin ca dy dn, TBA s
dng tnh ton tn tht cng sut trn li in.
5.2.Dng chc nng hin th cc i tng theo lp mu ca PSS/ADEPT
xc nh i tng qu ti hoc sai pha. T Menu [Diagram]
[Properties], chc nng ny gm nhiu ch hin th:
Hin th theo in p nh mc ca i tng (Item by norminal voltage
level).
Hin th theo in p hin ti ca i tng (Item by result voltage
level).
Hin th nhnh qu ti (Overloaded branches).
Hin th nhnh khng cn bng (Unbalance nodes and branches).
Hin th theo nhm ph ti (Loads anh Machines by catagory)

5.3.S dng file theo di TBA nh trnh by phn 4.2 v cc hm excel

c bn xc nh v tr c li d liu).
6. YU CU I VI CC BI TON TNH TON, M PHNG LI
IN:
6.1.Tnh ton tn tht in nng trn li in trung h th:
3.1.1. M hnh li in trn PSS/ADEPT: (pht tuyn trung th thuc 1
MBA 110kV nn v trn cng 1 file PSS/ADEPT, trng hp c
bit c th v mi pht tuyn trung th 1 file).
3.1.2. Phn tch bi ton phn b cng sut (loadflow).

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3.1.3. Nhn xt nh gi, nu cn thit phi hiu chnh li d liu sao cho
kt qu phn tch t PSS/ADEPT tng i gn ng vi kt qu
vn hnh (sai s 5%).
3.1.4. Xut cc Report v nh gi tn tht, trn ng dy trung h th
v TBA (Chn xut report ca ng dy v TBA ring s dng
chc nng xut [report on select items]).
6.2. Tnh ton dung lng, v tr b ti u trn li in trung h th CAPO:
3.2.1. S dng s li in xy dng t bc 3.1.
3.2.2. Tm v tr b ti u cho cc v tr b c nh hin hu:
In service tt c cc v tr b c nh, ng ng hin hu(1);

Check vo y in service
cc t b hin hu (1)

Nhp cc ch tiu kinh t cho chng trnh (ly theo thc t ca

n v);

- Gi mua 1kWh.
- Gi mua 1kVarh.
- Gi bn 1kWh.
- Gi bn 1kVarh
- Mc trt gi
- Li sut ngn hng.
- Thi gian hon vn.
- Gi lp t 1kVar t b c nh.
- Gi lp t 1kVar t b ng ng.
- Chi ph bo tr 1kVar t b c nh/ nm.
- Chi ph bo tr 1kVar t b ng ng/ nm.
-

Phn tch bi ton CAPO cho cc pht tuyn (trm bin p), khi
phn tch bi ton CAPO cho li trung th, cc node h th cn

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c loi b, khng a vo tnh ton nh trnh bi mc 4.5.1,

gim thi gian tnh ton ca chng trnh.
3.2.3. Lp k hoch ti b tr v lp mi t b.
3.2.4. Theo di, nhn xt nh gi hiu qu ca vic lp b.
Lu : vic lp b t hiu qu, nn tnh ton b trn li in h
th trc khi tnh ton b trn li in trung th.
6.3. Tnh ton phi hp bo v li in:
6.3.1. S dng s li in xy dng t bc 3.1.
6.3.2. Cp nht TCC ca cc thit b bo v vo s .
6.3.3. Xem xt phi hp gia cc c tuyn TCC ca cc thit b trn trc
chnh (nn chn cp chn lc v thi gian t=0,2-0,3s).
6.3.4. Lp k hoch thay i tr s ci t thit b bo v nu c.
6.4.Tnh xc nh cc im dng (im tch li) ti u - TOPO:
6.4.1. S dng s li in xy dng t bc 3.1 (ni cc pht tuyn
c mch vng lin kt vo cng 1 file).
6.4.2. Phn tch bi ton TOPO.
6.4.3. Lp k hoch thay i v tr cc im tch li.
6.4.4. Theo di, nhn xt nh gi hiu qu.
7. CC LU KHAI THC CHNG TRNH T HIU QU
Cc pht tuyn 22kV thuc trm 110kV nn c v trn cng 1 file
PSS/ADEPT, vic cp nht d liu li in s hon ton thc hin trn
file ny, file ny s c dng chy bi ton TOPO, phi hp bo v.
Khi phn tch cc bi ton khc nh CAPO hay Loadflow s tch mi pht
tuyn thnh mt ring file thun tin hn cho vic phn tch, nh gi;
Lu vic t tn cho cc i tng trn s , nn t tn theo nhm
d dng cho vic cp nht theo di khi cn thit. Trnh vic t tn trng
lp v d gy li khi chy chng trnh;
Sau khi m hnh li in cn tin hnh kim tra li kt qu m phng t
chng trnh vi gi tr vn hnh thc t bng cch chy bi ton phn b
cng sut (loadflow) cho tng thi im (load snapshots) v so snh vi gi
tr vn hnh thc t ti mt s node trong h thng, nu sai s qu ln cn
kim tra vic nhp liu hoc c hiu chnh li biu ph ti ca cc nhm
ph ti c c li in m phng gn ng nht;
trnh sai st trong qu trnh nhp liu, nn lp th vin cho cc i
tng chnh nh ng dy, MBA trnh nhm ln khi nhp bng tay.

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i vi d liu ph ti, nn chun b liu di dng file d liu excel sau

a vo chng trnh hn ch sai st;
Khi chy bi ton phn b cng sut (loadflow), s ln lp bi ton hi
t thng 4, nu s ln lp bi ton hi t > 4 cn tin hnh kim tra
li tnh chun xc ca d liu u vo nh MBA, ph ti.

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C.PH LC:
PHNG PHP XY DNG BIU PH TI IN HNH CHO CC
NHM PH TI C TRNG.
Bc 1: Xy dng biu ph ti cho pht tuyn trung th.
Thu thp gi tr cng sut u pht tuyn trong nhiu ngy (khng ct
tit gim) v ly gi tr trung bnh c biu ph ti c trng cho
pht tuyn, hoc chn 1 ngy in hnh.
Bc 2: Xy dng biu ph ti cho cc nhm ph ti.
nh gi cc nhm ph ti c trng;
Tin hnh o t 2-3 ph ti in hnh cho tng nhm ph ti;
Ly trung bnh cng cc gi tr o c c biu ph ti in
hnh cho cc nhm ph ti cn kho st.
Bc 3: Cn i, hiu chnh li biu ph ti ca cc ph ti c trng
nu cn thit.
V d phng php hiu chnh biu ph ti ca cc ph ti c trng:
Tham kho s li in nh hnh di, gm 3 nhm ph ti c trng 1, 2,
3. Gi s biu ph ti in hnh v cng sut ti u pht tuyn nh sau:
Snapshot Relative duration (pu) Scale Factor P (kW) Q (kVar)
24h

6/24
0,5
403,9
313,5
05h
06h

11/24
0,8
646,2
501,6
16h
17h

7/24
1,0
807,8
627,0
23h

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Gi s biu ph ti c trng, v tng cng sut ca 3 nhm ph ti tng

ng nh sau:
Nhm ph ti 1
Snapshot Relative duration (pu) Scale Factor P (kW) Q (kVar)
24h

6/24
1,0
120
90,0
05h
06h

11/24
0,5
60
45
16h
17h

7/24
0,3
36
27
23h
Nhm ph ti 2
Snapshot Relative duration (pu) Scale Factor P (kW) Q (kVar)
24h

6/24
0,2
72
55,2
05h
06h

11/24
1,0
360
276,0
16h
17h

7/24
0,2
72
55,2
23h

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Nhm ph ti 3
Snapshot Relative duration (pu) Scale Factor P (kW) Q (kVar)
24h

6/24
0,2
128,4
96
05h
06h

11/24
0,3
192,6
144
16h
17h

7/24
1,0
642,0
480
23h
So snh kt qu vi s liu vn hnh u pht tuyn
Snapshot
24h 05h
06h 16h
17h 23h

Gi tr vn hnh thc t
P (kW)
Q (kVar)
403,9
313,5
646,2
501,6
807,8
627,0

Kt qu t PSS/ADEPT
P (kW)
Q (kVar)
329,9
272,6
631,6
512,1
773,5
622,8

Kt lun: Cn phi hiu chnh li Scale Factor trong biu ph ti ca cc

nhm ti in hnh, t c s m phng tng i gn ng vi li
in thc t.
Scale Factor ca cc ph ti in hnh sau khi hiu chnh:
Snapshot
24h
05h
06h
16h
17h
23h

Scale Factor
Nhm 1
Nhm 2 Nhm 3
1,0

0,2

0,3

0,5

1,0

0,3

0,3

0,25

1,0

So snh kt qu vi s liu vn hnh u pht tuyn (sau khi hiu chnh

Scale Factor):
Snapshot
24h 05h
06h 16h
17h 23h

Gi tr vn hnh thc t
P (kW)
Q (kVar)
403,9
313,5
646,2
501,6
807,8
627,0

Kt qu t PSS/ADEPT
P (kW)
Q (kVar)
395,0
322,5
631,6
512,1
791,9
637,1

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Nh vy: sau khi hiu chnh ta c s m phng li in c sai s so

vi thc t vn hnh 3%. S ny s c s dng tnh ton m phng
cc bi ton khc./.