1

n thi vo lp 10 khng chuyn

Nm 2014
Bi 1. (2 im! Cho phng trnh
( ) ( )
4 2
5 1 2
0
3
x x m x m
x
+

.
a) Gii phng trnh khi
7
4
m
.
b) Tm m phng trnh ! 3 nghi"m ph#n bi"t th$a%
4 4 4
1 2 3
17 x x x + +
Bi 2. (2 im! Gii phng trnh &' h" phng trnh
a)
3 3 1 1 2 5 x x x + + + +
b)
1
2
1
2
x
y
y
x

'

Bi ". (2 im!
a) Cho bi( th)
1 2 2 7 * 2 A x x x x + + +
( ) 2 x
+,t g-n A &' h)ng minh 4 A
b) T.ng /a 3 01 h2nh phng 3i4n ti5p b6ng t.ng /a 10 01 ng(74n 8ng h9n :(
ti4n. Tm 3 01 h2nh phng !.
Bi 4. (1 im! ;ai m<7 /i =ng 3'm &i" trong 12 gi> th 0an 3?p @ 1A10 kh( ?t. B5(
m<7 /i th) nh?t 3'm mCt mnh trong 42 gi> rDi nghEF 0a( ! m<7 /i th) hai 3'm mCt mnh
trong 22 gi> th hai m<7 /i 0an 3?p @ 25G kh( ?t !. ;$i n5( 3'm mCt mnh th
mHi m<7 /i 0an 3?p Iong kh( ?t J ho trong bao 3#(K
Bi #. (" im! Cho >ng trLn t#m M >ng k2nh NO P 2+F tr4n QM) 3?7 < im C &'
R 0ao ho CF R kh< ph2a 1i &Si NO &' CNO P *0
0
F ONR P 45
0
. C< >ng ao RT
&' OU /a tam gi< OCR Vt nha( tWi ;.
a) T2nh OR &' 8i"n t2h tam gi< CMR.
b) Ch)ng minh 5 im OF RF UF MF T =ng th(C mCt >ng trLn. Ch)ng minh CM
TU.
) OU Vt QM) tWi X &' Vt NC tWi G. G-i Y 3' im 1i I)ng /a G Z(a X. Ch)ng minh
CX RG &' T2nh CNY.
$%t
Nguy&n 'ng () * '+,-ng .h/ thng Nng khi%u
1
$,ng 01n gi2i
Bi 1.
3![hi
7
4
m
ta ! phng trnh%
( )
4 2
4 2
7 7
5 1 2.
4 4
0
3
15 7
4 2
0 1
3
x x x
x
x x x
x
_ _
+

, ,

_
+

,

\i]( ki"n
0
3
x
x

'

( )
( )
4 2
0
1
15 7
0 2
4 2
x
x x

Q0F25 im)
Gii phng trnh Q2)F ^t
2
F 0 t x t .
Ta ! phng trnh
2
2
15 7
0
7
4 2
4
t
t t
t

(042# im!
_Si 2 t ta ! 2 x (042# im!
_Si
7
4
t
ta !
7
2
x (042# im!
_`7 phng trnh ! 3 nghi"m
7
0F 2F
2
S

' ;


a)
( ) ( )
( )
4 2
5 1 2
0 a
3
x x m x m
x
+

\i]( ki"n
0
3
x
x

'

( )
( ) ( )
4 2
0
a
5 1 2 0 aa
x
x m x m

Gi 0b
1
0 x
\^t
2
F 0 t x t F Qaa) trc th'nh ( ) ( )
2
5 1 2 0 aaa t m t m +
Nguy&n 'ng () * '+,-ng .h/ thng Nng khi%u
1
Qa) ! 3 nghi"m th Qaaa) phi ! 2 nghi"m ph#n bi"t 8ng kh< dF tng ng
( )
( )
( )
2
2
25 1 e 0
5 1 0
2 0
d 5 1 .d 2 0
m m
S m
P m
m m

>

>
'
>

Qaaaa) Q0F25 im)

_Si Qaaaa) th phng trnh Qaaa) ! hai nghi"m
1 2
F t t
khi !
2 1 3 2
F x t x t
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
4 4 4 2 2
1 2 3 1 2
2
1 2 1 2
2
2
17 17
2 17 0F 25
25 1 4 17
25 54 e 0 0F 25
2
0F 25
4
25
x x x t t
t t t t
m m
m m
m n
m l
+ + +
+

+

_`7 gi< trf m :n tm 3' 2 m

Bi 2.
a)
3 3 1 1 2 5 x x x + + + +
Q1)
\i]( ki"n 1 x
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
1 3 3 1 2 3 3 1 2 5 2 1 2 5
3 3 2 3 5
3 3 2 3 5
2 e 0 0F 5
2
0F 5
2
x x x x x x
x x x
x x x
x
x l
x n
+ + + + + + + +
+ +
+ +

_`7 phng trnh ! mCt nghi"m 2 x

b)
1
2
1
2
x
y
y
x

'

F i]( ki"n
0
0
x
y
>
'
>

;" tng ng &Si

( )
( )
1 2 1
1 2 2
x y y
y x x

'
+

g?7 Q1) trh Q2) ta ! %

Nguy&n 'ng () * '+,-ng .h/ thng Nng khi%u
1
( )
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 0
2 0 0
x y y x y x xy x y x y
x y xy x y x y
+
+
Q8o 1 0 xy + > )
Th5 &'o Q1) ta !%
( ) ( )
( )
1 2 1 1 0
1
1
1 0 a
1 0
x x x x x x
x
x
x x
x x
+ +

+
+

_Si 1 x ta !
1 y
_Si 1 0 x x + F ^t F 0 t x t > ta !
( )
( )
2
1 5
2
1 0
1 5
2
t n
t t
t l

_Si
1 5
2
t
+
ta !
3 5
2
x y


_`7 h" phng trnh ! hai nghi"m ( ) i x y
3' ( ) 1i1
&'
3 5 3 5
i
2 2
_



,
Bi ".
3!
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 2
1 2 2 7 * 2
2 2 2 1 2 * 2 d
1 1 2 3 0F 25
1 1 2 3 0F 25
A x x x x
x x x x
x x
x x
+ + +
+ + + +
+ +
+ +
B5( 2 3 0 11 x x ta ! 2 1 3 2 4 A x x + + (042#!
B5( 2 3 0 11 x x > > ta ! ( )
2 1 2 3 2 2 1 4 A x x x + + >
(042#!
_`7 4 A &Si m-i 2 x
b) G-i 3 01 h2nh phng 3i4n ti5p 3' ( ) ( )
2 2
2
F 1 F 2 x x x + + F x N (042#!
Ta ! phng trnh%
Nguy&n 'ng () * '+,-ng .h/ thng Nng khi%u
1
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2
2
2
1 2 2 4 * ... 20 0F 25
3 * 5 110
3 * 105 0 0F 25
5
0F 25
7
x x x
x x
x x
x n
x l
+ + + + + + + +
+ +
+

_`7 3 01 h2nh phng ! 3' 25F3* &' 4d.

Bi 4.
G-i I gi> 3' th>i gian m<7 /i th) nh?t ho'n th'nh jng &i" &' 7 gi> 3' th>i gian m<7 /i
th) hai ho'n th'nh jng &i".
kCt gi> th m<7 /i th) nh?t 3'm @
1
x
jng &i".
kCt gi> th m<7 /i th) hai 3'm @
1
y
jng &i".
kCt gi> hai m<7 =ng 3'm @
1 1
x y
+
jng &i". (042#!
Ta ! h" phng trnh%
( ) ( )
12 12 1 1 1 1
20 e
300 10 120
120
0F 25 0F 5
1 1 1
42 22 25 42 22 1 200
120
100 4
x x y x y
x
y
x y
x y x y


+ +





' ' ' '

+
+ +

_`7 th>i gian t. nh?t ho'n th'nh jng &i" 3' 300 gi>F th>i gian t. hai ho'n th'nh jng
&i" 3' 200 gi>.
Bi #.
3!'5nh B6 v 0i7n t5ch t3m gi8c 9:6.
Ta ! NRO P d0
0
Qg! n.i ti5p nba
>ng trLn)
Tam gi< NOR &(jng tWi R ! ONR P
45
0
n4n &(jng #n tWi R.
l(7 ra
2
2
AB
BD R
(04#!
Nguy&n 'ng () * '+,-ng .h/ thng Nng khi%u
1
G-i m 3' hnh hi5( /a C tr4n MR &' k 3' hnh hi5( /a C tr4n NO. Ta ! MCkm 3'
hnh hn nh`tF 0(7 ra Cm P Mk.
k^t kh< tam gi< MNC ]( n4n k 3' tr(ng im MNF 0(7 ra Cm P Mk P o +. (042#!
[hi !
2
1 1 1 1
. .
2 2 2 4
COD
S CJ OD R R R
(042#!
;!9h<ng minh # im B4 64 =4 :4 > c?ng thu@c m@t ,-ng t+An. 9h<ng minh 9:
>=.
Ta ! RUO P RMO P RTO P d0
0
F khi ! 5 im OF RF UF MF T =ng th(C >ng
trLn >ng k2nh OR. (042# im!
Ta ! CUO P COR Qt) gi< ORUT nCi ti5p)
_p tia ti5p t(75n CI /a QM)F CIF CR =ng ph2a 1i &Si OC. [hi ! ICR P COR Q1A2
0 (ng CR). (042#!
k' COR P CUOQmt)
l(7 ra ICR P CUOF 0(7 ra CIqq TU (042#!
k' MC CI QtA ti5p t(75n) n4n MC TU. (042#!
c!B= cBt (:! tCi D v cBt E9 tCi F. FGi . l im Hi I<ng cJ3 F Ku3 D. 9h<ng minh
9D 6F v '5nh 9E..
Ta ! RCO P RNO P 45
0
l(7 ra tam gi< CUO &(jng #nF 0(7 ra COU P 45
0
.
_' RXO P RNO P 45
0
Ro ! RXO P COUF 0(7 ra CX qq OC m' CO NCF 0(7 RX NC. (042#!
Tam gi< CGR ! GU &' RX 3' < >ng ao Vt nha( tWi X n4n X 3' trr t#mF 8o ! CX
RG. (042#!
Ta ! sGXC sGNO Qg.g) n4n
. .
GI GC
GAGC GI GB
GA GB

Tam gi< CGO ! CU 3' >ng ao &' GCU P OCU P 45
0
n4n CU tng 3' ph#n gi<F
8o ! CGO #n tWi CF 0(7 ra U 3' tr(ng im /a RO.
Ta ! RO P 2RU &' GX P o GY.
l(7 ra
1
. .2 . . .
2
GI GB GP GF GPGF GPGF GAGC
(042#!
l(7 ra sGNY s GUC Q.g.). l(7 ra GNY P GUC P d0
0
F 0(7 ra CNY P d0
0
. (042#!
$%t
Nguy&n 'ng () * '+,-ng .h/ thng Nng khi%u