MC LC

Module 2: CNG NGH xDSL V DCH V MEGAVNN

I. Khi qut v cng ngh xDSL: ....................................................................................... 2
1. Gii thiu.................................................................................................................. 2
2. Khi nim.................................................................................................................. 2
3. u nhc im......................................................................................................... 2
4. Phn loi cc cng ngh xDSL:................................................................................ 3
4.1. IDSL ISDN digital sucriber line: ........................................................... 3
4.2. HDSL - high-bit-rate digital subscriber line ..................................................... 3
4.3. GSHDSL- single-pair, high-bit-rate digital subscriber line.............................. 4
4.4. VDSL - very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line.............................................. 4
4.5. ADSL - Asymmetrical DSL................................................................................. 4
4.6. RADSL (rate-adaptive digital subscriber line) .................................................. 5
5. Tng kt tnh cht cc cng ngh xDSL: ................................................................. 5
6. Cc dch v trin khai trn mng VNPT dng cng ngh DSL: .............................. 5
II. Gii thiu dch v MegaVNN:....................................................................................... 6
1. Tng quan v dch v MegaVNN: ........................................................................... 6
2. C ch hot ng ca dch v Internet bng rng MegaVNN: ................................ 7
3. Cc thnh phn thit b ca dch v MegaVNN:...................................................... 9
3.1. Cc thnh phn thit b MegaVNN t pha khch hng:................................. 10
3.2. Cc thnh phn thit b MegaVNN t pha Nh cung cp dch v (ISP):....... 11
4. Kt ni mng........................................................................................................... 14
4.1.Cc giao thc c s dng gia Modem v BRAS......................................... 14
4.2. Cc tham s thit lp cu hnh ATM............................................................... 15
4.3. Vai tr ca PPP ............................................................................................... 15
5. So snh dch v MegaVNN vi cc dch v truy nhp dial up (VNN1260).......... 15
III. Hin trng phn cp v m hnh qun l mng MegaVNN................................ 17
1. Hin trng phn cp mng MegaVNN: .................................................................. 17
1.1 Mng do Tp on VNPT u t (gi l mng NGN):..................................... 17
1.2 Mng do VDC u t (mng ADSL):................................................................ 18
2. M hnh qun l mng MegaVNN: ........................................................................ 19
2.1. Cng ty in ton v Truyn s liu (VDC): .................................................. 19
2.2. Cc Vin thng tnh, thnh ph ....................................................................... 19

Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
2

I. Khi qut v cng ngh xDSL:
1. Gii thiu
S pht trin khng ngng ca mng in thoi thc y cc nh cung cp
dch v vin thng nghin cu lm sao cho ng dy in thoi khng ch dng
truyn tn hiu thoi m cn c th c dng truyn cc tn hiu cho nhiu ng
dng khc na, phc v nhu cu ngy cng ln ca con ngi nh xem truyn hnh
trc tuyn, hi ngh truyn hnh, truy cp Internet bng thng rng ..
Kt ni quay s dial-up tr nn qu chm chp, vi tc l thuyt l 56 kps
nhng thc t th thp hn rt nhiu. Trc y, ng dy in thoi ch c th
truyn mt knh thoi bng tn 3,4 kHz. Nh p dng cc cng ngh DSL, ngi ta c
th truyn 100 knh thoi s hay 1 knh video cht lng cao trn mt ng dy in
thoi.
2. Khi nim
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line: ng dy thu bao s) l mt cng ngh s
dng cc phng php iu bin phc tp, nhm mc ch bin i cc gi d liu
nhn c u vo thnh tp hp cc tn hiu c tn s cao u ra sao cho ph hp
vi vic truyn ti trn ng dy in thoi nht.
V DSL tp trung vo cng ngh truyn ti trn ng dy in thoi nn cng
ngh ny thng c p dng vo vic truyn dn gia khch hng v nh cung cp
dch v hay ni cch khc n l cng ngh phc v mng truy nhp.
3. u nhc im
u im:
u im ln ca cng ngh xDSL khi ra i chnh l kh nng truyn ti c
nhiu ng dng khc nhau m trc y cha thc hin c, ng thi li tn dng
c mng in thoi sn c v rng khp. Mt cng ngh mi ra i c coi l hiu
qu khi tn dng c cc ti nguyn, v c s h tng sn c.

Nhc im:
Tuy nhin cng ngh xDSL cng c mt s hn ch nh: Yu cu cht lng
ca cp truyn dn tn hiu DSL cao hn nhiu so vi yu cu ca cp truyn dn
thoi. iu ny l do DSL truyn thng tin c bng tn ln vi tc cao nn nu ch
c mt nhiu nh th lng thng tin b nh hng cng rt ln, hn rt nhiu lng
thng tin thoi c tc chm. Hn na. theo p tuyn tn s ca ng dy ng
th tn hiu tn s cao c mc suy hao ln hn tn hiu tn s thp nn khong cch
truyn ti ca tn hiu DSL khng c xa. Ngoi ra cn rt nhiu yu t nh hng
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
3
ln n cht lng ng truyn DSL nh: Nhiu xuyn m gn u cui, xa u
cui, tn hiu xm nhp, phn x tn hiu trn dy nhnh
4. Phn loi cc cng ngh xDSL:
Do c nhiu phng php bin i tn hiu t tn s thp ln tn s cao
truyn dn qua ng dy in thoi, mi phng php ny c c tnh, u im,
nhc im v kh nng ng dng khc nhau nn ni chung cho tt c cc phng
php ny ngi ta dng thut ng xDSL. Ch x c th thay th cho ch H, SH, I, V,
A, hoc RA, ty theo loi dch v cung cp bi mt loi hnh dch v DSL c th.
4.1. IDSL ISDN digital sucriber line:
IDSL (ng dy thu bao s ISDN) c pht trin t ISDN tc c bn
(Basic Rate ISDL). N c gi l ISDN DSL v tc d liu ca n = 144 kbps, rt
gn vi tc d liu ca ISDN 128 kbps. Cng ngh ny s dng m truyn ti ca
ISDN (iu bin 2B1Q). Trong khi ISDN l mt dch v chuyn mch. Nh vy c
th thy:

IDSL ISDN-BRI
L loi mng truy nhp L mt loi mng chuyn mch
Dch v khng quay s Dch v quay s
Ch c mt mch duy nht C 2 mch
C th i vng qua mng in
thoi chuyn mch cng cng
Phi i qua mng in thoi
chuyn mch cng cng


4.2. HDSL - high-bit-rate digital subscriber line
HDSL ra i trong phng th nghim vo nm 1986. Thc cht cc thit b thu
pht HSDL l s k tha ca ISDN nhng mc phc tp hn. HDSL ra i da
trn chun T1/E1 ca M/chu u. HDSL1 cho php truyn 1,544Mbps hoc
2,048Mbps trn hai hay ba i dy. HDSL2 ra i sau cho php dng mt i dy
truyn 1,544Mbps i xng. HDSL2 ra i mang nhiu tng ca ADSL. u th
ca HDSL l loi cng ngh khng cn cc trm lp, tc l c suy hao thp hn cc
loi khc trn ng truyn. Do vy HDSL c th truyn xa hn m vn m bo c
cht lng tn hiu. HDSL c a dng do c cc c tnh chun on nhiu (o
SNR) v t gy nhiu xuyn m. HDSL c dng bi cc nh khai thc ni ht (cc
cng ty in thoi) hay cung cp cc ng tc cao gia nhiu ta nh hay cc khu
cng s vi nhau.
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
4

4.3. GSHDSL- single-pair, high-bit-rate digital subscriber line

G.SHDSL l mt chun quc t mi ca SDSL (DSL i xng) c pht trin
bi T chc Vin thng quc t (ITU). G.SHDSL l vit tt ca formal single-pair,
high-bit-rate digital subscriber line/ng dy thu bao s, mt dy i i xng tc
cao. G.SHDSL l phin bn mi nht ca h cng ngh xDSL, c kh nng cho
php tng tc ca d liu ln ti 2,3 Mbps. Trong mt s iu kin, tc ny c
th t ti 4,6Mbps. Vi chun ny, nh ng tn gi ca n, vic truyn - nhn d
liu c tnh cht i xng, iu c ngha l cc thng tin c download/ti xung
v v upload/ti ln vi cng mt tc . y l s khc bit ca G.SHDSL so vi
ADSL c tc download/ti xung nhanh hn upload/ti ln. Mt c im mi ca
cng ngh ny so vi cc phin bn ca cng ngh xDSL trc y l G.SHDSL c
th cung cp dch v cho khch hng khong cch xa hn 5 km. Cc chun xDSL
trc y thng thng ch cho php cung cp dch v c ly di 5km.

4.4. VDSL - very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line
VDSL l mt cng ngh xDSL cung cp ng truyn i xng trn mt i
dy ng. Dng bit ti xung ca VDSL l cao nht trong tt c cc cng ngh ca
xDSL, t ti 52Mbps, dng ti ln c th t 2.3 Mbps. VDSL thng ch hot ng
tt trong cc mng mch vng ngn. VDSL dng cp quang truyn dn l ch yu,
v ch dng cp ng pha u cui.
4.5. ADSL - Asymmetrical DSL
ADSL chnh l mt nhnh ca cng ngh xDSL. ADSL cung cp mt bng
thng khng i xng trn mt i dy. Thut ng khng i xng y ch s
khng cn bng trong dng d liu ti xung (download) v ti ln (upload). Dng d
liu ti xung c bng thng ln hn bng thng dng d liu ti ln. ADSL ra i vo
nm 1989 trong phng th nghim. ADSL1 cung cp 1,5 Mbps cho ng d liu ti
xung v 16 kbps cho ng ng d ti ln, h tr chun MPEG-1. ADSL2 c th
cung cp bng thng ti 3 Mbps cho ng xung v 16 kbps cho ng ln, h tr 2
dng MPEG-1. ADSL 3 c th cung cp 6 Mbps cho ng xung v t nht 64 kbps
cho ng ln, h tr chun MPEG-2. Dch v ADSL m chng ta hay s dng hin
nay theo l thuyt c th cung cp cung cp 8 Mbps cho ng xung v 2 Mbps cho
ng ln.

Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
5
4.6. RADSL (rate-adaptive digital subscriber line)
RADSL l mt phin bn ca ADSL m cc modem c th kim tra ng
truyn khi khi ng v p ng lc hot ng theo tc nhanh nht m ng
truyn c th cung cp. RADSL cn c gi l ADSL c tc bin i.
5. Tng kt tnh cht cc cng ngh xDSL:

Cng ngh Tc d liu Chiu
Khong cch t
Vn phng trung
tm
S lng
dy ng
i
IDSL 64- 128 144 kbps i xng 18,000 feet 1
HDSL
2.048 Mbps/ 1.544
Mbps
i xng
12,000 feet 36,000
(dy/b lp)
2
HDSL2 1.544 Mbps i xng
12,000 feet 36,000
(dy/b lp)
1
G.shdsl
256, 384, 768, 1544,
2304 kbps
i xng
17,500, 15,000,
12,000, 9,000, 6,000
feet (26 AWG)
1
Lung xung
ADSL
384 kbps 8 Mbps 16
- 768 kbps
Lung ln
18,000-12,000 feet 1
Lung xung
VDSL
13 - 52 Mbps 1.544 -
2.304 Mbps
Lung ln
4,500 feet 1
VDSL 13 26 Mbps i xng 3,000 1,000 feet 1
6. Cc dch v trin khai trn mng VNPT dng cng ngh DSL:
- Dch v Frame Relay
- Dch v thu knh ring Leased Line ( Nx64 kbps)
- Dch v MegaVNN, MegaWAN
- Dch v VPN
- o to t xa qua mng Internet
- Game trc tuyn





Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
6

II. Gii thiu dch v MegaVNN:
1. Tng quan v dch v MegaVNN:
Dch v MegaVNN l thng hiu dch v dch v truy nhp Internet tc cao
ca Tp on Bu chnh Vin thng Vit Nam (VNPT) da trn cng ngh ng dy
thu bao s bt i xng ADSL.
Vi dch v Internet bng rng MegaVNN, bn s khng phi ngi i hng gi
ng h ti v cc tp tin c kch thc ln hay xem cc trang Web trn mng
Internet. Mi th s tr nn nhanh chng v d dng hn so vi hnh thc kt ni
Internet truyn thng (dial up) qua ng dy in thoi.
Hin nay, mng MegaVNN ang cung cp cc loi tc kt ni ti a t khch
hng n POP gn nht ca VDC:
Gi dch v Tc tc a
Mega Easy 1024/512 Kbps
Mega Family 1536/512 Kbps
Mega Extra 2048/512 Kbps
Mega Maxi 3072/640 Kbps
Mega Maxi + 3072/640 Kbps
Mega Pro 4096/640 Kbps
Mega For Game 6000/640 Kbps
Mega Dreaming 8000/640 Kbps

VNPT s dng cng ngh ADSL cung cp dch v truy nhp mng Internet
cho khch hng v ADSL khi c ng dng trong mng truy nhp t ra c nhng u
im vt tri so vi PSTN & ISDN ( Nhng cng ngh ny tng c dng rt
ph bin trc y). Ta c th thy c s khc bit gia ADSL v PSTN & ISDN
nhng im sau:
PSTN v ISDN l cc cng ngh quay s (dial-up)
o ADSL l 'lin tc / always-on" tc kt ni trc tip
PSTN v ISDN cho php chng ta s dng fax, d liu, thoi, d liu ti
Internet, d liu ti cc thit b khc
o ADSL ch chuyn ti d liu ti Internet
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
7
PSTN v ISDN cho php chng ta tu chn ISP no m ta mun kt ni
o ADSL kt ni chng ta ti mt ISP nh trc
ISDN chy tc c s 64kbps hoc 128kbps
o ADSL c th ti d liu v vi tc ti 8Mbps
PSTN ngt truy nhp ti Internet khi chng ta thc hin cuc gi
o ADSL cho php va s dng Internet trong khi vn c th thc hin
cuc gi ng thi.
Kt ni internet qua ng PSTN v ISDN bng phng thc quay s c
tnh cc ni ht.
ADSL khng tnh cc ni ht.
2. C ch hot ng ca dch v Internet bng rng MegaVNN:
ADSL l ng thu bao s khng i xng. Ngha l tc upload nh hn
tc download. u im ca ADSL l tn dng c ng cp ng ca thoi
truyn d liu (data). Vy th lm sao c th va s dng c thoi v va s dng
Internet (tc l truyn data ng thi trn cng mt thi gian). gii quyt c vic
ny th trong di tn s ca cp ng, ngi ta s chia t 0 n 25 kHz s dng cho
thoi, 25 n 1104kHz s dng cho data.


Hnh 2.1: Thoi c bn s dng di tn s t 300Hz ti 3,400Hz.
By gi chng ta s xem xt, thoi v d liu (data) chia x cng mt ng
dy in thoi ra sao. Trn thc t, cc b tch tn hiu (splitter) c s dng m
bo d liu v thoi khng xm phm ln nhau trn ng truyn.
Thit b chuyn dng Splitter c s dng tch ring cc tn s cao dng
cho ADSL v cc tn s thp dng cho thoi. Nh vy, ngi ta thng t cc
Splitters ti mi u ca ng dy - pha thu bao v pha DSLAM.

Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
8

Hnh 2.2: Chc nng ca Splitter
Ti pha khch hng: cc tn s thp c chuyn n my in thoi cn cc
tn s cao i n modem ADSL. Ti cc tng i, cc tn s thp c chuyn sang
mng in thoi cng cng PSTN cn cc tn s cao i n mng Internet .

Hnh 2.3: S phn chia tn hiu ca Spliter
Hnh v di y m t qu trnh hot ng ca dch v MegaVNN

Hnh 2.4: Qu trnh hot ng ca dch v MegaVNN
Khi mun s dng dch v, khch hng bt my tnh, Modem/Router ADSL
Modem, Router s bt tay kt ni vi mng cung cp dch v ca Nh cung cp
dch v ISP thng qua b tch tn hiu (Splitter) ca ISP nh sau:
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
9
Nu l truy nhp Internet, tn hiu t my tnh truyn qua Modem/router,
Modem s thc hin kt ni vi mt thit b tp trung tn hiu t cc thu bao c tn
gi DSLAM, khi ngi s dng s ng nhp vo mng. Tn hiu tip tc c
truyn dn t DSLAM ti trm BRAS (trm ny c chc nng tp hp tn hiu t
nhiu DSLAM khc nhau) v n mng Internet ca nh cung cp dch v. Tc
ca kt ni gia modem ADSL v DSLAM ph thuc vo cht lng ng truyn,
khong cch t modem thu bao n DSLAM v tc ti a c cu hnh sn
trn cng ca DSLAM.
Nu gi in thoi, tn hiu t in thoi truyn qua Modem/router, n
DSLAM qua b ghp tch Splitter ri n tng i thoi cng cng (PSTN).
Nu truy cp Internet v gi in thoi cng lc, Modem/router thc hin
ghp/tch c hai tn hiu ny thnh gi d liu chung truyn n DSLAM, ti y
Splitter ca ISP thc hin vic tch tn hiu thoi ra tng i in thoi cng cng
PSTN v truyn qua mng in thoi PSTN, cn tn hiu truyn s liu qua DSLAM
n BRAS ra mng Internet.
Trn thc t, ngoi cc yu t k thut, tc kt ni vo Internet cn ph thuc
vo nhiu yu t khc na nh di y:

1. S ngi dng kt ni vo cng mt DSLAM v thc t c bao nhiu ngi
dng ang khai thc kt ni.
2. Tc kt ni gia DSLAM v BRAS.
3. Bao nhiu card DSLAM cng ni vo mt BRAS v bao nhiu ngi dng
ang khai thc thc t kt ni.
4. Tc kt ni gia BRAS v ISP.
5. Bao nhiu BRAS kt ni vo ISP v bao nhiu ngi dng thc t ang khai
thc.
6. Tc ca kt ni t ISP ti mng Internet ton cu.
7. Bao nhiu thu bao ca ISP ang khai thc (qua cc giao tip khc nhau nh
quay s PSTN/ ISDN v ADSL).
8. ISP t chc caching v proxy ra sao, liu thng tin m bn cn khai thc
c lu tr trn Cache cha hay phi ti v t Internet.
3. Cc thnh phn thit b ca dch v MegaVNN:
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
10
Trong phn ny chng ta s ln lt m t chc nng ca tng thnh phn ca
ADSL, bt u t Modem ADSL ca khch hng ti Nh cung cp dch v Internet
(ISP).
3.1. Cc thnh phn thit b MegaVNN t pha khch hng:
s dng c dch v MegaVNN, khch hng phi c nhng trang thit b sau:
- ng dy thu bao ng k s dng dch v Mega VNN.
- My vi tnh c nhn: C h tr cng USB hoc card mng Ethernet 10Base-T
hay 100Base-T.
- Modem ADSL.
- B tch lc tn hiu Splitter: Ch dng trong 2 trng hp:
Modem khng tch hp sn splitter
Cn chia tn hiu ngay t im u ng dy in thoi vo nh v
trong nh c nhiu in thoi ni song song.
- Card mng, cc thit b chuyn mch switch/hub:
+ Card mng: Dng kt ni my tnh v modem ADSL. Nu modem
ADSL h tr chc nng u ni qua cng USB th khng cn card mng.
+ Switch/hub (ty chn): Thit b ny cn thit cho nhu cu kt ni nhiu
my tnh pht trin mng LAN cho nhiu ngi s dng.
Modem ADSL l g?

Hnh 2.5: Modem ADSL chng loi DSL-500T
Modem l t vit tt ca modulator-demodulator. Modem l mt thit b hay
mt chng trnh cho php my tnh truyn d liu thng qua dy in thoi hoc dy
cp. Thng tin ca my tnh c lu di dng s (digital) trong khi thng tin truyn
i trn ng dy in thoi li di dng tng t (analog), do modem lm nhim
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
11
v chuyn tn hiu s thnh tn hiu tng t v ngc li truyn tn hiu gia cc
thit b. C cc dng modem nh modem ngoi (External Modem), Modem gn trong
(Internal Modem) (phn bit theo phn cng) hay cc loi nh Dial-up Modem, DSL
Modem hay ADSL Modem, Cable Modem, Wireless Modem (Phn bit theo protocol)
Trn thc t c rt nhiu chng loi modem ADSL nh Zoom ADSL
X3/X4/X5, Zoom modem ADSL X5V, SpeedCom ADSL, Zyxel, Aztech, Ecom
ADSL... a s cc modem ADSL u c th kt ni n my tnh c nhn thng qua
cng USB. Mt s modem ADSL ch c th kt ni n my tnh c nhn qua card
mng. Gi thnh mi loi ty thuc vo nh sn xut v i l phn phi.

Splitter l g?

Hnh 2.6: Thit b Splitter

y l thit b dng tch tn hiu thoi v d liu, cho php va truy nhp
Internet va c th dng in thoi. Hin nay, mt s modem ADSL c tch hp lun
b tch lc tn hiu (Spliter).
3.2. Cc thnh phn thit b MegaVNN t pha Nh cung cp dch v (ISP):
By gi chng ta s tm hiu xem cc thit b cn c pha Nh cung cp dch v
(ISP). Nh hnh v nu trn, phm vi ISP gm c ba thnh phn quan trng :
DSLAM - DSL Access Multiplexer
BRAS - Broadband Access Server
Splitter - B tch tn hiu.
DSLAM l g?
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
12

Hnh 2.7: Thit b DSLAM

DSLAM l thit b t pha tng i, l im cui ca kt ni ADSL. N cha
v s cc modem ADSL b tr v mt pha hng ti cc mch vng v pha kia l kt
ni cp quang.
Mt thit b DSLAM c th tp hp nhiu kt ni thu bao ADSL - c th nhiu
ti hng trm thu bao - v t li trn mt kt ni cp quang. Si cp quang ny
thng c ni ti thit b gi l BRAS - Broadband Access Server, nhng n cng
c th khng ni trc tip ti BRAS v BRAS c th c t ti bt c u.

Hnh 2.8: Hot ng ca DSLAM
BRAS l g?
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
13

Hnh 2.9: Thit b BRAS

BRAS l thit b t gia DSLAM v POP ca ISP. Mt thit b BRAS c th
phc v cho nhiu DSLAM.
Cc giao thc truyn thng c ng gi truyn d liu thng qua kt ni
ADSL, v vy mc ch ca BRAS l m gi hon tr li cc giao thc trc khi
i vo Internet. N cng m bo cho kt ni ca bn ti ISP c chnh xc ging
nh khi bn s dng modem quay s hoc ISDN.
Nh ch gii trn, ADSL khng ch r cc giao thc c s dng to
thnh kt ni ti Internet. Phng php m PC v Modem s dng bt buc phi ging
nh BRAS s dng cho kt ni thc hin c.
Thng thng ADSL s dng hai giao thc chnh l :
PPPoE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet Protocol
PPPoA Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM

Hnh 2.10: Hot ng ca BRAS
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
14
Splitter l g?
L b lc c chc nng tch ring tn hiu thoi v d liu ti u nh cung cp
dch v. Thng thng Spliter c th c tch hp cng vi DSLAM.
4. Kt ni mng
4.1.Cc giao thc c s dng gia Modem v BRAS
Khi quay s PSTN/ISDN truy nhp vo Internet, chng ta s dng giao thc
gi l PPP vn chuyn d liu TCP/IP v kim tra cng nh xc thc tn v mt
khu ngi truy nhp.
Trong ADSL, PPP cng thng c s dng kim tra tn v mt khu truy
nhp, v ATM th lun c s dng mc thp nht. Kt ni in hnh nh di y
:

Hnh 2.11: S kt ni ADSL in hnh
Vai tr ca ATM

Hnh 2.12: Vai tr ca ATM
ATM - Asynchronous Transfer Mode - c s dng nh l cng c chuyn ti
cho ADSL mc thp. L do v l cch thun tin v mm do i vi cc cng ty
thoi mun ko di khong cch kt ni t DSLAM ti BRAS gip h c th t
BRAS bt c u trn mng.
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
15
4.2. Cc tham s thit lp cu hnh ATM
C hai tham s cn phi thit lp cu hnh mt cch chnh xc trn modem
ADSL m bo kt ni thnh cng ti mc ATM vi DSLAM:
VPI - the Virtual Path Identifier
VCI - the Virtual Channel Identifier
4.3. Vai tr ca PPP

Hnh 2.13: Vai tr ca PPP
PPP l giao thc dng vn chuyn lu lng Internet ti ISP dc theo cc
kt ni modem v ISDN. PPP kt hp cht ch cc yu t xc thc - kim tra tn/mt
khu - v l l do chnh m ngi ta dng PPP vi ADSL.
Mc d BRAS thc thi giao thc PPP v tin hnh vic xc thc, nhng thc ra
vic c thc hin bng cch truy nhp vo cc c s d liu khch hng t ti
ISP. Bng cch , ISP bit c rng cc kt ni do BRAS nh tuyn ti - c
xc thc thng qua giao dch vi c s d liu ring ca ISP.
5. So snh dch v MegaVNN vi cc dch v truy nhp dial up (VNN1260)
Tiu ch MegaVNN VNN1260
Cng ngh MegaVNN l "lin tc/ Always-
on" tc kt ni trc tip. Cng
ngh bng thng rng.
S dng cc cng ngh quay s
(Dial-up).
Tc ADSL c th ti d liu v vi
tc ti 8 Mbps.
VNN1260 chy tc c s
56 Kbps.
Kh nng p
ng
Ch p ng cho cc thu bao
c khong cch cp t 2,5km
tr li. Vi khong cch ny tn
hiu mi n nh.
C th p ng cho cc thu
bao xa c khong cch cp
trn 2,5km.
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
16
Gi cc MegaVNN khng tnh cc ni
ht. Ch tnh cc khi gi nhn
d liu. Tnh theo dung lng.
Kt ni Internet qua ng
1260 bng phng thc quay s
c tnh cc ni ht v cc kt
ni.
Truyn d liu ADSL ch chuyn ti d liu ti
Internet.
Cho php chng ta s dng fax,
d liu, thoi, d liu ti
Internet, d liu ti cc thit b
khc.
Dng chung Cho php va s dng Internet
trong khi vn c th thc hin
cuc gi ng thi.
VNN1260 ngt truy nhp ti
Internet khi chng ta thc hin
cuc gi in thoi hoc Fax.
Tc MegaVNN c th ti d liu v
vi tc ti 8MB Mbps. Gp
80 ln VNN1260
VNN1260 chy tc c s
56 Kbps.
Khong cch
s dng
Khong cch s dng internet
ca thu bao c mt gii hn
nht nh.
Khong cch thu bao s dng
Internet xa hn.
ng dng C nhiu li th khi pht trin
cc dch v ng dng trn
mng nh: Gio dc v o to
t xa, xem Video theo yu cu,
tr chi trc tuyn, nghe nhc,
hi ngh truyn hnh
Hn ch mt s dch v gia tng
trn mng do tc truy nhp
thp

Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
17

III. Hin trng phn cp v m hnh qun l mng MegaVNN
1. Hin trng phn cp mng MegaVNN:
H thng mng cung cp dch v MegaVNN c th chia lm cc mng ln nh
sau:
- Mng cung cp dch v ADSL do Tp on VNPT u t.
- Mng cung cp dch v ADSL Tp on VNPT cho php cng ty VDC u t.
- Ngoi ra, mt s Vin thng tnh ch ng u t h thng thit b
MegaVNN cung cp dch v trn a bn tnh. Cc trang thit b ny cng tp
trung kt ni vo cc POP ca VDC i ra quc t.
1.1 Mng do Tp on VNPT u t (gi l mng NGN):
Hnh 2.14: M hnh mng do tp on u t
Cc node cung cp dch v ADSL ca tnh tp trung v node chnh v i vo
mng NGN. Mng NGN c kt ni trc vi mng ca VDC truy nhp Internet.
Trch nhim ca cc n v nh sau:
- Cc Bu in tnh/Vin thng tnh trc tip qun l cc thit b ADSL, cung
cp, ci t dch v cho khch hng.
- Cng ty VTN qun l mng NGN, m bo kt ni t cc tnh vo NGN, kt
ni NGN vi mng ca VDC.
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
18
- Cng ty VDC trc tip qun l h thng qun l v tnh cc ca mng, c
nhim v chnh l:
+ Qun l, khai thc h thng qun l v tnh cc, nh tuyn.
+ m bo kt ni thng sut gia mng NGN sang mng ca VDC: Khng
c li v vt l nh CRC, collision.
+ Phi hp, tr gip cc n v lin quan (VTN v cc Bu in tnh/Vin
thng tnh) kim tra, x l cc s c lin quan n nh tuyn, nhn thc
khch hng.
1.2 Mng do VDC u t (mng ADSL):

Hnh 2.15: M hnh mng do VDC u t

Cc node mng ADSL kt ni trc tip vo cc POP Internet ca cng ty VDC ti
cc tnh. Nh vy, ngoi phn thit b v ci t, h tr khch hng do Bu in tnh
lm, VDC phi ph trch ton b phn vic cn li bao gm: Cu hnh, qun l cu
hnh cc BRAS, DSLAM, kt ni vi mng Internet, h thng tnh cc, chi tit nh
sau:
POP Internet
DSLAM
PABX
Fax/Phone
or PABX
PSTN
Network
ADSL
modem
ADSL
modem
Splitter
Splitter
USB
f0/0
f0/1
BRAS
ATM
PPPoE
ATM
POP Internet
DSLAM
PABX
Fax/Phone
or PABX
PSTN
Network
ADSL
modem
ADSL
modem
Splitter
Splitter
USB
f0/0
f0/1
BRAS
ATM
PPPoE
ATM
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
19
- Qun l, khai thc h thng qun l v tnh cc cho khch hng: H thng
qun l v tnh cc cho khch hng l chung cho ton b mng VNN. Do nu
h thng c vn s nh hng n vic truy nhp ca ton mng, hoc mt vng
ln hoc mt lng ln khch hng. Tng t nh vy kt ni v nh tuyn ca
mng cng s nh hng n mt node hoc mt vng ca mng.
- m bo kt ni DSLAM, BRAS vi POP Internet nh tuyn
- Cu hnh, qun l cu hnh cc thit b DSLAM, BRAS.
- Phi hp, tr gip cc Bu in tnh/Vin thng tnh ci t dch v cho khch
hng, x l cc vn k thut pht sinh trong qu trnh khai thc dch v.
2. M hnh qun l mng MegaVNN:
Theo phn cng ca Tp on Bu chnh Vin thng Vit Nam (VNPT), th m
hnh qun l mng MegaVNN nh sau:
2.1. Cng ty in ton v Truyn s liu (VDC):
- L n v ch qun dch v MegaVNN, c trch nhim chnh trong vic qun
l, khai thc cc thit b, mng li, xy dng h thng tnh cc trn ton mng
v o to h tr cho cc cn b k thut, cn b kinh doanh ca cc Vin Thng
tnh lm tt cc hot ng bn hng, chm sc khch hng ti a bn tnh.
- Pht trin thng hiu, Logo cho cc sn phm trong dch v truy nhp Internet
tc cao ADSL trn nguyn tc m bo mc tiu chung l khuych trng v
lm ni bt hnh nh ca VNPT di nhiu hnh thc khc nhau.
2.2. Cc Vin thng tnh, thnh ph
- c Tp on phn cp quyn qun l trong cc lnh vc sau:
Qun l mng truy nhp bao gm t u khch hng n trc DSLAM ti bu
in, gm cc cng vic c th sau:
o Ci t mi cho khch hng ti a bn tnh qun l
o Qun l mng cp t khch hng n DSLAM
o H tr khch hng khi c s c
o Cc chng trnh khuyn mi khch hng trn a bn tnh.
o Pht trin khch hng
o Qun l cc thu bao trn a bn tnh.
Ti liu tp hun K thut MegaVNN
Module 2: Cng ngh xDSL v dch v MegaVNN
20