I CNG KIM LOI

TRONG THI I HC-CAO NG T 2007-2011

Nm 2007:
Cu 1(C-07):Cho cc ion kim loi: Zn2+, Sn2+, Ni2+, Fe2+, Pb2+.Th t tnh oi ho !i"m #$n l%
A Pb2+ & Sn2+ & Fe2+ & Ni2+ & Zn2+. ! Sn2+ & Ni2+ & Zn2+ & Pb2+ & Fe2+.
C Zn2+ & Sn2+ & Ni2+ & Fe2+ & Pb2+. " Pb2+ & Sn2+ & Ni2+ & Fe2+ & Zn2+.
Cu 2(C-07): '( kh) ion Fe*+ t+on! #,n! #-ch th%nh ion Fe2+ c. th( #/n! m0t l12n! #1
A kim loi 3!. ! kim loi C,. C kim loi 45. "kim loi 6!.
Cu #(C-07)7Cu $%: Cho h8n h29 : !;m 3! <% Fe <%o #,n! #-ch 5it =2S>? @Ac, n.n! @Bn khi cc
9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c #,n! #-ch D <% m0t 9h$n Fe khEn! t5n. ChFt t5n c. t+on! #,n! #-ch D
l%
A 3!S>? <% FeS>?. ! 3!S>?.
C 3!S>? <% Fe2(S>?)*. " 3!S>?, Fe2(S>?)* <% FeS>?.
Cu $(C-07) Cho kh C> (#1) @i <%o Gn! H n,n! n.n! @n! h8n h29 : !;m 6l2>*, 3!>, Fe*>?, C,>
th, @12c chFt +In D. Cho D <%o #,n! #-ch N5>= (#1), kh,FC kJ, thFC cKn li 9h$n khEn! t5n Z. Li" H) cc
9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n. Ph$n khEn! t5n Z !;m
A 3!>, Fe, C,. ! 3!, Fe, C,. C 3!>, Fe*>?, C,. "3!, 6l, Fe, C,.
Cu &(C-07) Cho cc cA9 kim loi n!,CMn chFt tiB9 Nc t+c tiB9 <Oi nh5,: Fe <% PbP Fe <% ZnP Fe <% SnP
Fe <% Ni. Qhi nhNn! cc cA9 kim loi t+Mn <%o #,n! #-ch 5it, HG cA9 kim loi t+on! @. Fe b- 9h h,R t+1Oc l%
A ?. ! S. C 2. " *.
Cu '(C-07) =K5 t5n ho%n to%n *,22 !5m h8n h29 : !;m Fe, 3! <% Zn bTn! m0t l12n! <U5 @V #,n! #-ch
=2S>? loWn!, th, @12c S,*?? lt hi@+o (@ktc) <% #,n! #-ch ch5 m !5m m,Gi.Li t+- cV5 m l%
A X,Y2. ! SZ,2[. C \,X\. " [,2Y.
Cu 7(C-07) Cho kim loi 3 tc #]n! <Oi Cl2 @12c m,Gi :P cho kim loi 3 tc #]n! <Oi #,n! #-ch =Cl
@12c m,Gi D. NB, cho kim loi 3 tc #]n! <Oi #,n! #-ch m,Gi : t5 c^n! @12c m,Gi D. Qim loi 3 c. th(
l%
A 3!. ! Zn. C 6l. " Fe.
Cu %(C-07) Cho ?,?\ lt kh C> (_ @ktc) tU tU @i `,5 Gn! H n,n! n.n! @n! \ !5m m0t oit HIt @Bn khi
9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n. Qh th, @12c H5, 9h"n n! c. ta khGi Ho <Oi hi@+o bTn! 2Z. CEn! thc cV5
oit HIt <% 9h$n t+bm th( tch cV5 kh C>2 t+on! h8n h29 kh H5, 9h"n n! l%
A Fe>P [Yc. ! Fe2>*P [Yc. C Fe2>*P dYc. "Fe*>?P [Yc.
Cu ( (C-07)7: Th t m0t HG cA9 oi ho e kh) t+on! #WC @ifn ho nh1 H5, :Fe2+gFeP C,2+gC,P
Fe*+gFe2+. CA9 chFt )*+,- 9h"n n! <Oi nh5, l%
A Fe <% #,n! #-ch C,Cl2.! Fe <% #,n! #-ch FeCl*.C #,n! #-ch FeCl2 <% #,n! #-ch C,Cl2." C, <% #,n!
#-ch FeCl*.
Cu 10(KA-07) 3fnh @h )*+,- @Nn! l%:
A Fe2+ oi ho @12c C,. ! Fe kh) @12c C,2+ t+on! #,n! #-ch.
C Fe*+ c. tnh oi h.5 mnh hin C,2+." Tnh oi h.5 cV5 cc ion tbn! theo th t: Fe2+, =+, C,2+,
6!+.
Cu 11(KA-07) '( th, lFC 6! tinh khiBt tU h8n h29 : (!;m 5 mol 6l2>*, b mol C,>, c mol 6!2>), n!1ji
t5 ho% t5n : b_i #,n! #-ch ch5 (d5 + 2b + 2c) mol =N>* @12c #,n! #-ch D, H5, @. thMm (!i" thiBt hif,
H,Ft cc 9h"n n! @h, l% SZZc)
A c mol b0t 6l <%o D.! c mol b0t C, <%o D.C 2c mol b0t 6l <%o D." 2c mol b0t C, <%o D.
Cu 12(KA-07) Cho l,;n! kh =2 (#1) `,5 h8n h29 cc oit C,>, Fe2>*, Sn>, 3!> n,n! _ nhift @0 c5o.
S5, 9h"n n! h8n h29 +In cKn li l%:
A C,, Fe, Sn, 3!>.! C,, Fe, Sn>, 3!>. C C,, Fe, Sn, 3!. " C,, Fe>, Sn>, 3!>.
Cu 1#(KB-07) C. ? #,n! #-ch +iMn! bift: 5) =Cl, b) C,Cl2, c) FeCl*, #) =Cl c. lkn C,Cl2. NhNn! <%o
m8i #,n! #-ch m0t th5nh Fe n!,CMn chFt. SG t+1jn! h29 ,Ft hifn bn mKn @ifn ho l%
A S. ! 2. C *. " Z.
Cu 1$(KA-07) 'ifn 9hln #,n! #-ch C,Cl2 <Oi @ifn cc t+i, H5, m0t thji !i5n th, @12c Z,*2 !5m C, _
c5tot <% m0t l12n! kh : _ 5not. =F9 th] ho%n to%n l12n! kh : t+Mn <%o 2ZZ ml #,n! #-ch N5>= (_ nhift
@0 th1jn!). S5, 9h"n n!, n;n! @0 N5>= cKn li l% Z,ZY3 (!i" thiBt th( tch #,n! #-ch khEn! th5C @mi).
N;n! @0 b5n @$, cV5 #,n! #-ch N5>= l% (cho C, n d?)
A Z,SY3. ! Z,23. C Z,S3. "Z,ZY3.
1
Cu 1&(KA-07) =o% t5n Y,d !5m Fe bTn! #,n! #-ch =2S>? loWn! (#1), th, @12c #,n! #-ch :. o,n! #-ch
: 9h"n n! <U5 @V <Oi p ml #,n! #-ch Q3n>? Z,Y3. Li t+- cV5 p l% (cho FenYd)
A \Z. ! ?Z. C 2Z. " dZ.
Cu 1'(KA-07) =K5 t5n ho%n to%n S2 !5m h8n h29 Fe, C, (ta lf mol S:S) bTn! 5it =N>*, th, @12c p lt (_
@ktc) h8n h29 kh : (!;m N> <% N>2) <% #,n! #-ch D (cha ch5 h5i m,Gi <% 5it #1). Ta khGi cV5 : @Gi <Oi
=2 bTn! SX. Li t+- cV5 p l%
A 2,2?. ! ?,?\. C Y,dZ. "*,*d.
Cu 17 (KA-07) oWC cc ion B9 theo chih, !i"m #$n tnh oi ho l% (biBt t+on! #WC @ifn h.5, cA9
Fe*+gFe2+ @n! t+1Oc cA9 6!+g6!) :
A 6!+, C,2+, Fe*+, Fe2+.! Fe*+, C,2+, 6!+, Fe2+.C 6!+, Fe*+, C,2+, Fe2+."Fe*+, 6!+, C,2+,
Fe2+.
Cu 1%(KA-07) =o% t5n ho%n to%n h8n h29 !;m Z,S2 mol FeS2 <% 5 mol C,2S <%o 5it =N>* (<U5 @V),
th, @12c #,n! #-ch : (cha ch5 h5i m,Gi H,nq5t) <% kh #,C nhFt N>. Li t+- cV5 5 l%
A Z,Z?. ! Z,Z[Y. C Z,S2. " Z,Zd.
Cu 1((KB-07) Cho h8n h29 Fe, C, 9h"n n! <Oi #,n! #-ch =N>* loWn!. S5, khi 9h"n n! ho%n to%n, th,
@12c #,n! #-ch cha ch5 m0t chFt t5n <% kim loi #1. ChFt t5n @. l%
A Fe(N>*)*. ! =N>*. CFe(N>*)2. " C,(N>*)2.
Cu 20(KB-07) T+on! 9in @ifn h.5 Zn7C,, `, t+rnh kh) t+on! 9in l%
A Zn s Zn2+ + 2e.! C, s C,2+ + 2e.C C,2+ + 2e s C,." Zn2+ + 2e s Zn.
Cu 21(KB-07) Cho d,[2 !5m Fe <%o #,n! #-ch ch5 Z,* mol =2S>? @Ac, n.n! (!i" thiBt S>2 l% H"n 9htm
kh) #,C nhFt). S5, khi 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c (cho Fe n Yd)
A Z,S2 mol FeS>?. ! Z,Z* mol Fe2(S>?)* <% Z,Zd mol FeS>?.
C Z,Z2 mol Fe2(S>?)* <% Z,Z\ mol FeS>?. " Z,ZY mol Fe2(S>?)* <% Z,Z2 mol Fe #1.
Cu 22(KB-07) Cho m !5m h8n h29 b0t Zn <% Fe <%o l12n! #1 #,n! #-ch C,S>?. S5, khi kBt thNc cc
9h"n n!, luc bv 9h$n #,n! #-ch th, @12c m !5m b0t +In. Th%nh 9h$n 9h$n t+bm theo khGi l12n! cV5 Zn
t+on! h8n h29 b0t b5n @$, l%
A S2,d[c. ! \Y,*Zc. C XZ,2[c. "\2,2Zc.
Cu 2#(KB-07) 'ifn 9hln #,n! #-ch ch5 5 mol C,S>? <% b mol N5Cl (<Oi @ifn cc t+i, c. m%n! n!bn
G9). '( #,n! #-ch H5, @ifn 9hln l%m 9henol9ht5lein ch,C(n H5n! m%, h;n! thr @ih, kifn cV5 5 <% b l% (biBt
ion S>?27 khEn! b- @ifn 9hln t+on! #,n! #-ch)
A 2b n 5. ! b w 25. C b n 25. " b & 25.
Cu 2$: (KB-07) Cho S,d[ !5m h8n h29 !;m h5i kim loi _ 2 ch, kx liMn tiB9 th,0c nh.m yy6 tc #]n! hBt
<Oi #,n! #-ch =Cl (#1), thot +5 Z,d[2 lt kh =2 (_ @ktc). =5i kim loi @. l%
A 3! <% C5. ! C5 <% S+. C S+ <% 45. " 4e <% 3!.
Nm 200%
Cu 1(C-08) Cho h8n h29 b0t 6l, Fe <%o #,n! #-ch ch5 C,(N>*)2 <% 6!N>*. S5, khi cc 9h"n n!
"C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c h8n h29 +In !;m b5 kim loi l%:
A Fe, C,, 6!. ! 6l, C,, 6!. C 6l, Fe, C,. " 6l, Fe, 6!.
Cu 2(C-08) =K5 t5n ho%n to%n Fe*>? t+on! #,n! #-ch =2S>? loWn! (#1) @12c #,n! #-ch :S. Cho
l12n! #1 b0t Fe <%o #,n! #-ch :S (t+on! @ih, kifn khEn! c. khEn! kh) @Bn khi 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n,
th, @12c #,n! #-ch :2 ch5 chFt t5n l%
A Fe2(S>?)* <% =2S>?.! FeS>?.C Fe2(S>?)*." FeS>? <% =2S>?.
Cu #(C-08) Cho biBt 9h"n n! oi ho e kh) "C +5 t+on! 9in @ifn ho Fe e C, l%:
Fe + C,2+ z Fe2+ + C, P {Z (Fe2+gFe) n e Z,?? p, {Z (C,2+gC,) n + Z,*? p.
S,Ft @ifn @0n! ch,tn cV5 9in @ifn ho Fe e C, l%
A S,dd p. ! Z,SZ p. C Z,[\ p. " Z,X2 p.
Cu $(C-08) =o% t5n hBt [,[? !5m h8n h29 b0t 3!, 6l bTn! YZZ ml #,n! #-ch h8n h29 =Cl
S3 <% =2S>? Z,2\3 th, @12c #,n! #-ch : <% \,[*d lt kh =2 (_ @ktc). CE cn #,n! #-ch : th, @12c
l12n! m,Gi kh5n l%
A *\,X* !5m. ! SZ*,\Y !5m. C 2Y,XY !5m. " [[,\d !5m.
Cu &(C-08) Cho S*,Y !5m h8n h29 cc kim loi 6l, C+, Fe tc #]n! <Oi l12n! #1 #,n! #-ch =2S>?
loWn! n.n! (t+on! @ih, kifn khEn! c. khEn! kh), th, @12c #,n! #-ch : <% [,\? lt kh =2 (_ @ktc). CE cn
#,n! #-ch : (khEn! c. khEn! kh) @12c m !5m m,Gi kh5n. Li t+- cV5 m l%
A ?2,d. ! ?Y,Y. C ?\,\. "?[,S.
2
Cu '(C-08) : l% kim loi th,0c nh.m yy6 (h5C 9hln nh.m chnh nh.m yy). Cho S,[ !5m h8n h29 !;m
kim loi : <% Zn tc #]n! <Oi l12n! #1 #,n! #-ch =Cl, Hinh +5 Z,d[2 lt kh =2 (_ @ktc). 3At khc, khi cho
S,X !5m : tc #]n! <Oi l12n! #1 #,n! #-ch =2S>? loWn!, thr th( tch kh hi@+o Hinh +5 ch15 @Bn S,S2 lt (_
@ktc). Qim loi : l%
A 45. ! C5. C S+. "3!.
Cu 7(KA-08) : l% kim loi 9h"n n! @12c <Oi #,n! #-ch =2S>? loWn!, D l% kim loi tc #]n! @12c <Oi
#,n! #-ch Fe(N>*)*. =5i kim loi :, D l$n l12t l% (biBt th t t+on! #WC thB @ifn ho: Fe*+gFe2+ @n!
t+1Oc 6!+g6!)
A 3!, 6!. ! Fe, C,. C C,, Fe. " 6!, 3!.
Cu %(KA-08) 30t 9in @ifn ho c. @ifn cc Zn nhNn! t+on! #,n! #-ch ZnS>? <% @ifn cc C, nhNn! t+on!
#,n! #-ch C,S>?. S5, m0t thji !i5n 9in @. 9h.n! @ifn thr khGi l12n!
A @ifn cc Zn !i"m cKn khGi l12n! @ifn cc C, tbn!.! c" h5i @ifn cc Zn <% C, @h, !i"m.
C c" h5i @ifn cc Zn <% C, @h, tbn!." @ifn cc Zn tbn! cKn khGi l12n! @ifn cc C, !i"m.
Cu ( (KA-08) 4iBt +Tn! ion Pb2+ t+on! #,n! #-ch oi h.5 @12c Sn. Qhi nhNn! h5i th5nh kim loi Pb <% Sn
@12c nGi <Oi nh5, bTn! #lC #kn @ifn <%o m0t #,n! #-ch chFt @ifn li thr
A cha c. Sn b- bn mKn @ifn ho. ! c" Pb <% Sn @h, khEn! b- bn mKn @ifn ho.
C c" Pb <% Sn @h, b- bn mKn @ifn ho. " cha c. Pb b- bn mKn @ifn ho.
Cu 10(KA-08) Cho h8n h29 b0t !;m 2,[ !5m 6l <% Y,d !5m Fe <%o YYZ ml #,n! #-ch 6!N>* S3. S5,
khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c m !5m chFt +In. Li t+- cV5 m l% (biBt th t t+on! #WC thB @ifn
ho: Fe*+gFe2+ @n! t+1Oc 6!+g6!)
A d?,\. ! Y?,Z. C YX,?. "*2,?.
Cu 11(KB-08) Cho m0t l12n! b0t Zn <%o #,n! #-ch : !;m FeCl2 <% C,Cl2. QhGi l12n! chFt +In H5, khi
cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n nhv hin khGi l12n! b0t Zn b5n @$, l% Z,Y !5m. CE cn 9h$n #,n! #-ch H5,
9h"n n! th, @12c S*,d !5m m,Gi kh5n. Tmn! khGi l12n! cc m,Gi t+on! : l%
A S*,S !5m. ! S[,Z !5m. C SX,Y !5m. " S?,S !5m.
Cu 12(KA-08) Cho p lt h8n h29 kh (_ @ktc) !;m C> <% =2 9h"n n! <Oi m0t l12n! #1 h8n h29 +In
!;m C,> <% Fe*>? n,n! n.n!. S5, khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, khGi l12n! h8n h29 +In !i"m Z,*2
!5m. Li t+- cV5 p
A Z,SS2. ! Z,YdZ. C Z,??\. "Z,22?.
t
o
Cu 1#(KA-08) TU h5i m,Gi : <% D thc hifn cc 9h"n n! H5,:
: ||s :
S
+ C>
2
:
S
+ =
2
> ||s :
2
:
2
+ D ||s : + D
S
+ =
2
> :
2
+ 2D ||s : + D
2
+ 2=
2
>
=5i m,Gi :, D t1in! n! l%
A C5C>*, N5=C>*. ! 3!C>*, N5=C>*. CC5C>*, N5=S>?" 45C>*, N52C>*.
Cu 1$(KA-08) Cho *,2 !5m b0t C, tc #]n! <Oi SZZ ml #,n! #-ch h8n h29 !;m =N>* Z,\3 <% =2S>?
Z,23. S5, khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, Hinh +5 p lt kh N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc). Li t+-
cV5 p l%
A Z,[?d. ! Z,??\. C Z,d[2. "S,[X2.
Cu 1&(KB-08) =8n h29 +In : !;m 6l, Fe2>* <% C, c. HG mol bTn! nh5,. =8n h29 : t5n ho%n to%n t+on!
#,n! #-ch
A N5>= (#1). ! =Cl (#1). C 6!N>* (#1). " N=*(#1).
Cu 1'(KB-08) TiBn h%nh h5i th n!hifm H5,:
7 Th n!hifm S: Cho m !5m b0t Fe (#1) <%o pS lt #,n! #-ch C,(N>*)2 S3P
7 Th n!hifm 2: Cho m !5m b0t Fe (#1) <%o p2 lt #,n! #-ch 6!N>* Z,S3.
S5, khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, khGi l12n! chFt +In th, @12c _ h5i th n!hifm @h, bTn! nh5,. Li t+-
cV5 pS Ho <Oi p2 l%
A pS n p2. ! pS n SZp2. C pS n Yp2. " pS n 2p2.
Cu 17(KB-08) Cho H,Ft @ifn @0n! ch,tn {o cV5 cc 9in @ifn ho: {o(C,7:) n Z,?dpP
{o(D7C,) n S,Sp P {o(Z7C,) n Z,?[p (:, D, Z l% b5 kim loi). oWC cc kim loi B9 theo chih, tbn! #$n
tnh kh) tU t+i H5n! 9h"i l%
A Z, D, C,, :. ! :, C,, Z, D. C D, Z, C,, :. " :, C,, D, Z.
Cu 1%(KB-08) TiBn h%nh bGn th n!hifm H5,:
7 Th n!hifm S: NhNn! th5nh Fe <%o #,n! #-ch FeCl*P
7 Th n!hifm 2: NhNn! th5nh Fe <%o #,n! #-ch C,S>?P
3
7 Th n!hifm *: NhNn! th5nh C, <%o #,n! #-ch FeCl*P
7 Th n!hifm ?: Cho th5nh Fe tiB9 Nc <Oi th5nh C, +;i nhNn! <%o #,n! #-ch =Cl. SG t+1jn! h29 ,Ft hifn
bn mKn @ifn ho l%
A S. ! 2. C ?. " *.
Cu 1((KB-08) Cho m !5m h8n h29 : !;m 6l, C, <%o #,n! #-ch =Cl (#1), H5, khi kBt thNc 9h"n n! Hinh
+5 *,*d lt kh (_ @ktc). NB, cho m !5m h8n h29 : t+Mn <%o m0t l12n! #1 5it nit+ic (@Ac, n!,0i), H5, khi kBt
thNc 9h"n n! Hinh +5 d,[2 lt kh N>2 (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc). Li t+- cV5 m l%
A SS,Y. ! SZ,Y. C S2,*. "SY,d.
Nm 200(
Cu 1(C-09) oWC n%o H5, @lC cha !;m cc chFt <U5 tc #]n! @12c <Oi #,n! #-ch =Cl, <U5 tc #]n!
@12c <Oi #,n! #-ch 6!N>
*
}
6. Zn, C,, 3! 4. 6l, Fe, C,> C. Fe, Ni, Sn o. =!, N5, C5
Cu 2(C-09) Th t m0t HG cA9 oi h.5 e kh) t+on! #WC @ifn h.5 nh1 H5,: 3!
2+
g3!P Fe
2+
gFeP C,
2+
gC,P
Fe
*+
gFe
2+
P 6!
+
g6!. oWC cha !;m cc chFt, ion tc #]n! @12c <Oi ion Fe
*+
t+on! #,n! #-ch l%:
6. 3!, Fe, C,. 4. 3!,C,, C,
2+
. C. Fe, C,, 6!
+
. o. 3!, Fe
2+
, 6!.
Cu #(C-09) Cho SZZ ml #,n! #-ch FeCl
2
S,23 tc #]n! <Oi 2ZZ ml #,n! #-ch 6!N>
*
23, th, @12c m
!5m kBt tV5. Li t+- cV5 m l%
6. *?,?? 4. ?[,? C. S2,Xd o. *Z,S\
Cu $(C-09) Cho m !5m 3! <%o #,n! #-ch ch5 Z,S2 mol FeCl
*
. S5, khi 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n th,
@12c *,*d !5m chFt +In. Li t+- cV5 m l%
6. Y,Z? 4. ?,*2 C. 2,\\ o. 2,Sd
Cu &(C-09) Cho m
S
!5m 6l <%o SZZ ml #,n! #-ch !;m C,(N>
*
)
2
Z,*3 <% 6!N>
*
Z,*3. S5, khi cc 9h"n
n! "C +5 ho%n to%n thr th, @12c m
2
!5m chFt +In :. NB, cho m
2
!5m : tc #]n! <Oi l12n! #1 #,n! #-ch
=Cl thr th, @12c Z,**d lt kh (_ @ktc). Li t+- cV5 m
S
<% m
2
l$n l12t l%
6. \,SZ <% Y,?* 4. S,Z\ <% Y,Sd C. Z,Y? <% Y,Sd o. S,Z\ <% Y,?*
Cu '(C-09) 'Gt chC ho%n to%n [,2 !5m kim loi 3 (c. ho t+- h5i khEn! @mi t+on! h29 chFt) t+on! h8n
h29 kh Cl
2
<% >
2
. S5, 9h"n n! th, @12c 2*,Z !5m chFt +In <% th( tch h8n h29 kh @W 9h"n n! l% Y,d lt (_
@ktc). Qim loi 3 l%
6. 4e 4. C, C. C5 o. 3!
Cu 7(C-09) NhNn! m0t l kim loi 3 (cha c. ho t+- h5i t+on! h29 chFt) c. khGi l12n! YZ !5m <%o 2ZZ ml
#,n! #-ch 6!N>
*
S3 cho @Bn khi 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n,. ~uc #,n! #-ch, @em cE cn th, @12c S\,\
!5m m,Gi kh5n. Qim loi 3 l%
6. 3! 4. Zn C. C, o. Fe
Cu %(C-09) Qh) ho%n to%n m0t oit HIt : _ nhift @0 c5o c$n <U5 @V p lt kh C> (_ @ktc), H5, 9h"n n!
th, @12c Z,\? !5m Fe <% Z,Z2 mol kh C>
2
. CEn! thc cV5 : <% !i t+- p l$n l12t l%
6. Fe> <% Z,22? 4. Fe
2
>
*
<% Z,??\ C. Fe
*
>
?
<% Z,??\ o. Fe
*
>
?
<% Z,22?
Cu ((KA-09) Cho h8n h29 !;m Fe <% Zn <%o #,n! #-ch 6!N>
*
@Bn khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n,
th, @12c #,n! #-ch : !;m h5i m,Gi <% chFt +In D !;m h5i kim loi. =5i m,Gi t+on! : l%
6. Fe(N>
*
)
2
<% 6!N>
*
. 4. 6!N>
*
<% Zn(N>
*
)
2
.C. Zn(N>
*
)
2
<% Fe(N>
*
)
2
. o. Fe(N>
*
)
*
<%
Zn(N>
*
)
2
.
Cu 10(KA09) Cho H,Ft @ifn @0n! ch,tn cV5 cc 9in @ifn h.5: Zn7C, l% S,S pP C,76! l% Z,?d p. 4iBt thB
@ifn cc ch,tn . ThB #ifn cc ch,tn <% c. !i t+- l$n l12t l%
6. +S,Yd p <% +Z,d? p4. e S,?d p <% e Z,*? pC. e Z,[d p <% + Z,*? po. e S,Yd p <% +Z,d? p
Cu 11(KA-09) Cho cc h29 kim H5,: C,7Fe (y)P Zn eFe (yy)P Fe7C (yyy)P Sn7Fe (yp). Qhi tiB9 Nc <Oi #,n!
#-ch chFt @ifn li thr cc h29 kim m% t+on! @. Fe @h, b- bn mKn t+1Oc l%:
6. y, yy <% yyy. 4. y, yy <% yp. C. y, yyy <% yp. o. yy, yyy <% yp.
Cu 12.(KA-09) Cho l,;n! kh C> (#1) @i `,5 X,S !5m h8n h29 !;m C,> <% 6l
2
>
*
n,n! n.n! @Bn khi 9h"n
n! ho%n to%n, th, @12c \,* !5m chFt +In. QhGi l12n! C,> c. t+on! h8n h29 b5n @$, l%
6. Z,\ !5m. 4. \,* !5m. C. 2,Z !5m. o. ?,Z !5m.
Cu 1#(KA-09) Cho *,Z2? !5m m0t kim loi 3 t5n hBt t+on! #,n! #-ch =N>
*
loWn!, th, @12c X?Z,\ ml kh
N

>
C
(H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc) c. ta khGi @Gi <Oi =
2
bTn! 22. Qh N

>
C
<% kim loi 3 l%
6. N> <% 3!. 4. N
2
> <% 6l C. N
2
> <% Fe. o. N>
2
<% 6l.
6. Y2,2. 4. ?\,?. C. Y?,Z. o. Y\,Z.
4
Cu 1$(KA-09) Cho h8n h29 !;m S,2 mol 3! <% mol Zn <%o #,n! #-ch ch5 2 mol C,
2+
<% S mol
6!
+
@Bn khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c m0t #,n! #-ch ch5 * ion kim loi. T+on! cc !i t+-
H5, @lC, !i t+- n%o cV5 thv5 mWn t+1jn! h29 t+Mn}
6. S,Y 4. S,\ C. 2,Z o. S,2
Cu 1&(KB-09) Cho cc thB @ifn cc ch,tn :
P .
T+on! cc 9in H5, @lC, 9in n%o c. H,Ft @ifn @0n! ch,tn lOn nhFt}
6. Pin Zn e Pb 4. Pin Pb e C, C. Pin 6l e Zn o. Pin Zn e C,
Cu 1'(KB-09) Cho 2,2? !5m b0t HIt <%o 2ZZ ml #,n! #-ch ch5 h8n h29 !;m 6!N>
*
Z,S3 <%
C,(N>
*
)
2
Z,Y3. S5, khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c #,n! #-ch : <% m !5m chFt +In D. Li t+-
cV5 m l%
6. 2,\Z. 4. ?,Z\. C. 2,Sd. o. Z,d?.
Cu 17(KB-09) NhNn! m0t th5nh HIt nAn! SZZ !5m <%o SZZ ml #,n! #-ch h8n h29 !;m C,(N>
*
)
2
Z,23 <%
6!N>
*
Z,23. S5, m0t thji !i5n lFC th5nh kim loi +5, +)5 Hch l%m khE cln @12c SZS,[2 !5m (!i" thiBt cc
kim loi to th%nh @h, bm hBt <%o th5nh HIt). QhGi l12n! HIt @W 9h"n n! l%
6. 2,Sd !5m 4. Z,\? !5m C. S,[2 !5m o. S,?Z !5m
Cu 1%(KB-09) =o% t5n ho%n to%n 2?,? !5m h8n h29 !;m FeCl
2
<% N5Cl (c. ta lf HG mol t1in! n! l% S : 2)
<%o m0t l12n! n1Oc (#1), th, @12c #,n! #-ch :. Cho #,n! #-ch 6!N>
*
(#1) <%o #,n! #-ch :, H5, khi 9h"n
n! "C +5 ho%n to%n Hinh +5 m !5m chFt +In. Li t+- cV5 m l%
6. d\,2 4. 2\,[ C. SZ,\ o. Y[,?
Cu 1((KB-09) 'ifn 9hln c. m%n! n!bn YZZ ml #,n! #-ch ch5 h8n h29 !;m C,Cl
2
Z,S3 <% N5Cl Z,Y3
(@ifn cc t+i, hif, H,Ft @ifn 9hln SZZc) <Oi c1jn! @0 #Kn! @ifn Y6 t+on! *\dZ !ilC. o,n! #-ch th, @12c
H5, @ifn 9hln c. kh" nbn! ho% t5n m !5m 6l. Li t+- lOn nhFt cV5 m l%
6. ?,ZY 4. 2,[Z C. S,*Y o. Y,?Z
Cu 20(KB-09) 'ifn 9hln n.n! ch"C 6l
2
>
*
<Oi 5not th5n chr (hif, H,Ft @ifn 9hln SZZc) th, @12c m k! 6l
_ c5tot <% d[,2 m
*
(_ @ktc) h8n h29 kh : c. ta khGi Ho <Oi hi@+o bTn! Sd. ~FC 2,2? lt (_ @ktc) h8n h29 kh :
H]c <%o #,n! #-ch n1Oc <Ei t+on! (#1) th, @12c 2 !5m kBt tV5. Li t+- cV5 m l%
6. Y?,Z 4. [Y,d C. d[,Y o. SZ\,Z
Cu 21(KB-09) Cho dS,2 !5m h8n h29 : !;m C, <% Fe
*
>
?
tc #]n! <Oi #,n! #-ch =N>
*
loWn!, @,n n.n!
<% kh,FC @h,. S5, khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c *,*d lt kh N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _
@ktc), #,n! #-ch D <% cKn li 2,? !5m kim loi. CE cn #,n! #-ch D, th, @12c m !5m m,Gi kh5n. Li t+- cV5
m l%
6. SYS,Y. 4. X[,Y. C. S*[,S. o. SZ\,X.
Cu 22(KB-09) =K5 t5n ho%n to%n 2Z,\\ !5m m0t oit HIt bTn! #,n! #-ch =
2
S>
?
@Ac, n.n! th, @12c #,n!
#-ch : <% *,2?\ lt kh S>
2
(H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc). CE cn #,n! #-ch :, th, @12c m !5m m,Gi
H,nq5t kh5n. Li t+- cV5 m l%
Nm 2010

Cu 1(C-2010) Cho biMt th1 t1 t1 t+5i H5n! 9h5i c,5 c5c cb9 oi ho5 7 kh1 t+on! #5C @iMn ho5 (#5C thM @iMn
c1c ch,ln) nh1 H5, : Zn
2+
gZn P Fe
2+
gFeP C,
2+
gC,P Fe
*+
gFe
2+
P 6!
+
g6!
C5c kim lo5i <5 ion @M, 9h5n 1n! @1ic <ii ion Fe
2+
t+on! #,n! #ich l5
6. Zn, C,
2+
4. 6!, Fe
*+
C. 6!, C,
2+
o. Zn, 6!
+
Cu 2(C-2010) Qim loi 3 c. th( @12c @ih, chB bTn! cch kh) ion cV5 n. t+on! oit b_i kh =
2
_ nhift
@0 c5o. 3At khc, kim loi 3 kh) @12c ion =
+
t+on! #,n! #-ch 5it loWn! th%nh =
2
. Qim loi 3 l%
6. 6l 4. 3! C. Fe o. C,
Cu #(C-2010) Cho c5c #,n! #ich lo5n!: (S) FeCl
*
, (2) FeCl
2
, (*) =
2
S>
?
, (?) =N>
*
, (Y) hEn hi9 !Em
=Cl <5 N5N>
*
. Nh1n! #,n! #ich 9h5n 1n! @1ic <ii kim lo5i C, l5
6. (S), (2), (*) 4. (S), (*), (Y) C. (S), (?), (Y) o. (S), (*), (?)
Cu $(C-2010) Cho biBt n 72,*[pP n 7Z,[dpP n 7Z,S*pP n +Z,*?p.
Pin @ifn h.5 c. H,Ft @ifn @0n! ch,tn bTn! S,dSp @12c cF, to b_i h5i cA9 oi h.57kh).
6. Pb
2+
gPb <% C,
2+
gC, 4. Zn
2+
gZn <% Pb
2+
gPb C. Zn
2+
gZn <% C,
2+
gC, o. 3!
2+
g3! <% Zn
2+
gZn
Cu &(C-2010) 'ifn 9hln #,n! #-ch C,S>
?
<Oi 5not bTn! @;n! (5not t5n) <% @ifn 9hln #,n! #-ch
C,S>
?
<Oi 5not bTn! !+59hit (@ifn cc t+i) @h, c. @Ac @i(m ch,n! l%
6. _ c5tot "C +5 H oi h.5: 2=
2
> + 2e s 2>=
7
+ =
2
4. _ 5not "C +5 H kh): 2=
2
> s >
2
+ ?=
+
+ ?e
C. _ 5not "C +5 H oi h.5: C, s C,
2+
+ 2eo. _ c5tot "C +5 H kh): C,
2+
+ 2e s C,
5
Cu '(C-2010) Cho 2X,\ !5m h8n h29 b0t !;m Zn <% Fe <%o dZZ ml #,n! #-ch C,S>
?
Z,Y3. S5, khi cc
9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c #,n! #-ch : <% *Z,? !5m h8n h29 kim loi. Ph$n t+bm <h khGi l12n!
cV5 Fe t+on! h8n h29 b5n @$, l%
6. Yd,*[c 4. *[,Y\c C. d?,?2c o. ?*,d2c
Cu 7(KA-2010) Cc chFt <U5 tc #]n! @12c <Oi #,n! #-ch =Cl <U5 tc #]n! @12c <Oi #,n! #-ch
6!N>
*
l%:
6. C,>, 6l, 3!. 4. Zn, C,, Fe. C. 3!>, N5, 45. o. Zn, Ni, Sn.
Cu %(KA-2010) Ph"n n! @ifn 9hln #,n! #-ch C,Cl
2
(<Oi @ifn cc t+i) <% 9h"n n! bn mKn @ifn h.5 "C
+5 khi nhNn! h29 kim Zn7C, <%o #,n! #-ch =Cl c. @Ac @i(m l%:
6. Ph"n n! "C +5 l,En km theo H 9ht Hinh #Kn! @ifn.4. 'h, Hinh +5 C, _ cc lm.
C. Ph"n n! _ cc lm c. H th5m !i5 cV5 kim loi hoAc ion kim loi.o.Ph"n n! _ cc #1in! @h, l% H oi
h.5 Cl
7
.
Cu ((KA-2010) Cho SX,* !5m hEn hi9 bEt Zn <5 C, co ti lM mol t1in! 1n! l5 S : 2 <5o #,n! #ich ch15 Z,2
mol Fe
2
(S>
?
)
*
. S5, khi c5c 9h5n 1n! 5C +5 ho5n to5n, th, @1ic m !5m kim lo5i. Li5 t+i c,5 m l5
6. d,?Z 4. Sd,Y* C. S2,ZZ o. S2,\Z
Cu 10(KA-2010) 'ifn 9hln (<Oi @ifn cc t+i) m0t #,n! #-ch !;m N5Cl <% C,S>
?
c. c/n! HG mol, @Bn khi
_ c5tot ,Ft hifn but kh thr #Un! @ifn 9hln. T+on! c" `, t+rnh @ifn 9hln t+Mn, H"n 9htm th, @12c _ 5not l%
6. kh Cl
2
<% >
2
. 4. kh =
2
<% >
2
. C. cha c. kh Cl
2
. o. kh Cl
2
<% =
2
.
Cu 11(KA-2010) 'ifn 9hln (@ifn cc t+i) #,n! #-ch : ch5 Z,2 mol C,S>
?
<% Z,S2 mol N5Cl bTn! #Kn!
@ifn c. c1jn! @0 26. Th( tch kh (@ktc) thot +5 _ 5not H5, XdYZ !ilC @ifn 9hln l%
6. 2,2?Z lt. 4. 2,XS2 lt. C. S,[X2 lt. o. S,*?? lt.
Cu 12(KA-2010) Cho [,S !5m h8n h29 !;m m0t kim loi kihm : <% m0t kim loi kihm thm D tc #]n! hBt
<Oi l12n! #1 #,n! #-ch =Cl loWn!, th, @12c Y,d lt kh (@ktc). Qim loi :, D l%
6. n5t+i <% m5!ie. 4. liti <% be+i. C. k5li <% c5ni. o. k5li <% b5+i.
Cu 1#(KB-2010) 'iMn 9hln (<ii @iMn c1c t+i) 2ZZ ml #,n! #ich C,S>
?
nEn! @E molgl, H5, mEt thii !i5n
th, @1ic #,n! #ich D <ln con m5, 5nh, co khEi l1in! !i5m \ !5m Ho <ii #,n! #ich b5n @l,. Cho Sd,\! bEt
Fe <5o D, H5, khi c5c 9h5n 1n! 5C +5 ho5n to5n, th, @1ic S2,? !5m kim lo5i. Li5 t+i c,5 l5
6. 2,2Y 4. S,Y C. S,2Y o. *,2Y
Cu 1$(KB-2010) N,n! 2,2* !5m h8n h29 : !;m cc kim loi Fe, 6l, Zn, 3! t+on! oi, H5, m0t thji !i5n
th, @12c 2,[S !5m h8n h29 D. =K5 t5n ho%n to%n D <%o #,n! #-ch =N>
*
(#1), th, @12c Z,d[2 lt kh N>
(H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc). SG mol =N>
*
@W 9h"n n! l%
6. Z,S2 . 4. Z,S?. C. Z,Sd. o. Z,S\.
Cu 1&(KB-2010) =o% t5n ho%n to%n 2,?? !5m h8n h29 b0t : !;m Fe

>
C
<% C, bTn! #,n! #-ch =
2
S>
?
@Ac
n.n! (#1). S5, 9h"n n! th, @12c Z,YZ? lt kh S>
2
(H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc) <% #,n! #-ch ch5 d,d
!5m h8n h29 m,Gi H,nq5t. Ph$n t+bm khGi l12n! cV5 C, t+on! : l%
6. *X,*?c. 4. dY,Y[c. C. 2d,2*c. o. S*,SSc.
Cu 1'(KB-2010) =o5 t5n ho5n to5n 2,?Y !5m hEn hi9 : !Em h5i kim lo5i kiMm thE <5o 2ZZ ml #,n! #ich
=Cl S,2Y3, th, @1ic ## D ch15 c5c chlt t5n co nEn! @E mol bbn! nh5,.=5i kim lo5i t+on! : l5
6. 3! <5 C5 4. 4e <5 3! C. 3! <5 S+ o. 4e <5 C5
Cu 17(KB-2010) Qh) ho%n to%n m !5m oit 3

>
C
c$n <U5 @V S[,X2 lt kh C> (@ktc), th, @12c 5 !5m kim
loi 3. =K5 t5n hBt 5 !5m 3 bTn! #,n! #-ch =
2
S>
?
@Ac n.n! (#1), th, @12c 2Z,Sd lt kh S>
2
(H"n 9htm kh)
#,C nhFt, _ @ktc). >it 3

>
C
l%
6. C+
2
>
*
. 4. Fe>. C. Fe
*
>
?
. o. C+>.
Cu 1%(KB-2010) Co ? #,n! #ich +iMn! biMt: C,S>
?
, ZnCl
2
, FeCl
*
, 6!N>
*
. Nh,n! <5o mEi #,n! #ich mEt
th5nh Ni. SE t+1in! hi9 ,lt hiMn bn mon @iMn ho5 l5
6. S 4. ? C. * o. 2
Nm 2011
Cu 1(C-11) oWC !;m cc kim loi @h, c. cF, to mn! tinh th( l9 9h1in! tlm khGi l%:
6. N5, Q, C5, 45. 4. ~i, N5, Q, b. C. ~i, N5, Q , 3!. o. N5, Q, C5, 4e.
Cu 2 (C-11) oWC !;m cc kim loi @h, tc #]n! @12c <Oi #,n! #-ch =Cl nh1n! khEn! tc #]n! <Oi #,n!
#-ch =N>
*
@Ac, n!,0i l%:
6. Fe, 6l, C+. 4. C,, Fe, 6l. C. Fe, 3!, 6l. o. C,, Pb, 6!.
Cu # (C-11) 'ifn 9hln YZZ ml #,n! #-ch C,S>
?
Z,23 (@ifn cc t+i) cho @Bn khi _ c5tot th, @12c *,2
!5m kim loi thr th( tch kh (@ktc) th, @12c _ 5not l%
6. *,*d lt. 4. S,S2 lt. C. Z,Yd lt. o. 2,2? lt.
6
Cu $ (C-11) =K5 t5n ho%n to%n S*,ZZ !5m Zn t+on! #,n! #-ch =N>
*
loWn!, #1 th, @12c #,n! #-ch : <%
Z,??\ lt kh N
2
(@ktc). QhGi l12n! m,Gi t+on! #,n! #-ch : l%
6. S\,XZ !5m. 4. *[,\Z !5m. C. *X,\Z !5m. o. 2\,*Y !5m.
Cu & (C-11) '( ho% t5n ho%n to%n d,? !5m h8n h29 !;m kim loi (cha c. ho t+- yy) <% oit cV5 n. c$n
<U5 @V ?ZZ ml #,n! #-ch =Cl S3. Qim loi l%
6. 45. 4. C5. C. 4e. o. 3!.
Cu ' (C-11) NB, <t l%m bTn! h29 kim Fe7Zn b- bn mKn @ifn ho thr t+on! `, t+rnh bn mKn
6. km @.n! <5i t+K c5tot <% b- oi ho. 4. HIt @.n! <5i t+K 5not <% b- oi ho.
C. km @.n! <5i t+K 5not <% b- oi ho. o. HIt @.n! <5i t+K c5tot <% ion =
+
b- oi ho.
Cu 7 C-11) oWC !;m cc ion @h, oi h.5 @12c kim loi Fe l%
6. C+
2+
, 6,
*+
, Fe
*+
. 4. Fe
*+
, C,
2+
, 6!
+
. C. Zn
2+
, C,
2+
, 6!
+
. o. C+
2+
, C,
2+
, 6!
+
.
Cu % (C-11) oWC !;m cc oit @h, b- 6l kh) _ nhift @0 c5o l%:
6. Fe>, C,>, C+
2
>
*
. 4. Pb>, Q
2
>, Sn>. C. Fe>, 3!>, C,>. o. Fe
*
>
?
, Sn>, 45>.
Cu ( (KA-11) QhGi l12n! +iMn! cV5 c5ni kim loi l% S,YY !gcm
*
. Li" thiBt +Tn!, t+on! tinh th( c5ni cc
n!,CMn t) l% nhn! hrnh c$, chiBm [?c th( tch tinh th(, 9h$n cKn li l% khe +8n!. 4n knh n!,CMn t) c5ni
tnh theo l th,CBt l%
6. Z,SYYnm. 4. Z,S\Y nm. C. Z,SXd nm. o. Z,Sd\ nm.
Cu 10 (KA-11) Cho Z,\[ !5m h8n h29 !;m Fe, C, <% 6l <%o brnh @n! *ZZ ml #,n! #-ch =
2
S>
?
Z,S3.
S5, khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c Z,*2 !5m chFt +In <% c. ??\ ml kh (@ktc) thot +5. ThMm
tiB9 <%o brnh Z,?2Y !5m N5N>
*
, khi cc 9h"n n! kBt thNc thr th( tch kh N> (@ktc, H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt)
to th%nh <% khGi l12n! m,Gi t+on! #,n! #-ch l%
6. Z,22? lt <% *,[YZ !5m. 4. Z,SS2 lt <% *,[YZ !5m.
C. Z,SS2 lt <% *,\dY !5m. o. Z,22? lt <% *,\dY !5m.
Cu 11 (KA-11) ',n n.n! m !5m h8n h29 C, <% Fe c. ta lf khGi l12n! t1in! n! [ : * <Oi m0t l12n! #,n!
#-ch =N>
*
. Qhi cc 9h"n n! kBt thNc, th, @12c Z,[Ym !5m chFt +In, #,n! #-ch : <% Y,d lt h8n h29 kh
(@ktc) !;m N> <% N>
2
(khEn! c. H"n 9htm kh) khc cV5 N
+Y
). 4iBt l12n! =N>
*
@W 9h"n n! l% ??,S !5m.
Li t+- cV5 m l%
6. ??,\. 4. ?Z,Y. C. **,d. o. YZ,?.
Cu 12 (KA-11) Cho [,d\ !5m C, <%o 2ZZ ml #,n! #-ch !;m =N>
*
Z,d3 <% =
2
S>
?
Z,Y3. S5, khi cc 9h"n
n! "C +5 ho%n to%n (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt l% N>), cE cn ctn thn to%n b0 #,n! #-ch H5, 9h"n n! thr
khGi l12n! m,Gi kh5n th, @12c l%
6. 2Z,Sd !5m. 4. SX,[d !5m. C. SX,2Z !5m. o. 22,Yd !5m.
Cu 1# (KA-11) N,n! m !5m h8n h29 : !;m FeS <% FeS
2
t+on! m0t brnh kn ch5 khEn! kh (!;m 2Zc
th( tch >
2
<% \Zc th( tch N
2
) @Bn khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c m0t chFt +In #,C nhFt <%
h8n h29 kh D c. th%nh 9h$n th( tch: \?,\c N
2
, S?c S>
2
, cKn li l% >
2
. Ph$n t+bm khGi l12n! cV5 FeS t+on!
h8n h29 : l%
6. ?2,*Sc. 4. YX,?dc. C. SX,d?c. o. 2d,\*c.
Cu 1$ (KA-11) 'ifn 9hln #,n! #-ch !;m [,?Y !5m QCl <% 2\,2 !5m C,(N>
*
)
2
(@ifn cc t+i, m%n! n!bn
G9) @Bn kh khGi l12n! #,n! #-ch !i"m @i SZ,[Y !5m thr n!Un! @ifn 9hln (!i" thiBt l12n! n1Oc b5C hii
khEn! @n! k(). TFt c" cc chFt t5n t+on! #,n! #-ch H5, @ifn 9hln l%
6. QN>
*
<% Q>=. 4. QN>
*
, QCl <% Q>=.
C. QN>
*
<% C,(N>
*
)
2
. o. QN>
*
, =N>
*
<% C,(N>
*
)
2
.
Cu 1& (KA-11) =K5 t5n S*,d\ !5m m,Gi 3S>
?
<%o n1Oc @12c #,n! #-ch :. 'ifn 9hln : (<Oi @ifn cc
t+i, c1jn! @0 #Kn! @ifn khEn! @mi) t+on! thji !i5n t !ilC, @12c C !5m kim loi 3 #,C nhFt _ c5tot <% Z,Z*Y
mol kh _ 5not. CKn nB, thji !i5n @ifn 9hln l% 2t !ilC thr tmn! HG mol kh th, @12c _ c" h5i @ifn cc l%
Z,S2?Y mol. Li t+- cV5 C l%
6. ?,?\Z. 4. *,X2Z. C. S,d\Z. o. ?,[\\.
Cu 1' (KB-11) Pht bi(, n%o H5, @lC l% ./0}
A Chr (Pb) c. n! #]n! @( chB to thiBt b- n!bn c"n ti5 9h.n! .
! ThiBc c. th( #/n! @( 9hV lMn bh mAt cV5 HIt @( chGn! !a.
CT+on! C huc,Zn> @12c #/n! l%m th,Gc !i"m @5, #lC th$n kinh,ch5 bfnh ecem5, bfnh n!5.
" NhEm l% kim loi #kn @ifn tGt hin <%n!.
Cu 17 (KB-11) oWC !;m cc kim loi c. c/n! ki(, mn! tinh th( l9 9h1in! tlm khGi l%:
A N5, Q, C5. ! N5, Q, 45. C ~i, N5, 3!. " 3!, C5, 45.
Cu 1% (KB-11) Thc hifn cc th n!hifm <Oi h8n h29 b0t !;m 6! <% C, (h8n h29 :):
7
(5) Cho : <%o brnh ch5 m0t l12n! #1 kh >* (_ @ih, kifn th1jn!).
(b) Cho : <%o m0t l12n! #1 #,n! #-ch =N>* (@Ac).
(c) Cho : <%o m0t l12n! #1 #,n! #-ch =Cl (khEn! c. mAt >2).
(#) Cho : <%o m0t l12n! #1 #,n! #-ch FeCl*.
Th n!hifm m% C, b- oi ho cKn 6! khEn! b- oi ho l%
A (#). ! (5). C (b). "(c).
Cu 1( (KB-11) =8n h29 kh : !;m >2 <% >* c. ta khGi Ho <Oi =2 l% 22. =8n h29 kh D !;m metCl5min
<% etCl5min c. ta khGi Ho <Oi =2 l% S[,\**. '( @Gt ho%n to%n pS lt D c$n <U5 @V p2 lt : (biBt H"n 9htm
chC !;m C>2, =2> <% N2, cc chFt kh @o _ c/n! @ih, kifn nhift @0, 9 H,Ft).
Ta lf pS : p2 l%
A 2 : S. ! S : 2. C * : Y. " Y : *.
Cu 20 (KB-11) =8n h29 : !;m Fe(N>*)2, C,(N>*)2 <% 6!N>*.Th%nh 9h$n c khGi l12n! cV5 niti t+on!
: l% SS,\d?c. C. th( @ih, chB @12c tGi @5 b5o nhiM, !5m h8n h29 b5 kim loi tU S?,Sd !5m :}
A SZ,Yd !5m. ! *,*d !5m. C [,d\ !5m. "d,[2 !5m.
Cu 21 (KB-11) Cho S,\2 !5m h8n h29 b0t : !;m C, <% 6! (ta lf HG mol t1in! n! ? : S) <%o *Z ml #,n!
#-ch !;m =2S>? Z,Y3 <% =N>* 23, H5, khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c 5 mol kh N> (H"n
9htm kh) #,C nhFt cV5 N+Y). T+0n 5 mol N> t+Mn <Oi Z,S mol >2 th, @12c h8n h29 kh D. Cho to%n b0 D
tc #]n! <Oi =2>, th, @12c SYZ ml #,n! #-ch c. 9= n . Li t+- cV5 l%
A 2. ! ?. C *. " S.
























8
!1I T23 4 A5IT HNO
#
41 M67I NITRAT TRONG " THI I HC
THI T689N :INH CAO NG N;M 200%
Cu 2: Nhift 9hln ho%n to%n *?,dY !5m h8n h29 !;m QN>* <% C,(N>*)2, th, @12c h8n h29 kh : (ta khGi
cV5 : Ho <Oi kh hi@+o bTn! S\,\). QhGi l12n! C,(N>*)2 t+on! h8n h29 b5n @$, l%
A \,dZ !5m. ! 2Z,YZ !5m. C SS,2\ !5m. " X,?Z !5m.
Cu #: Cho #WC cc chFt: Fe>, Fe(>=)2, FeS>?, Fe*>?, Fe2(S>?)*, Fe2>*. SG chFt t+on! #WC b- oi h.5
khi tc #]n! <Oi #,n! #-ch =N>* @Ac, n.n! l% A *. ! Y. C ? " d.
Cu $: Cho *,d !5m 3! tc #]n! hBt <Oi #,n! #-ch =N>* (#1), Hinh +5 2,2? lt kh : (H"n 9htm kh) #,C
nhFt, _ @ktc). Qh : l% A N2>. !N>2. C N2.
" N>.
THI T689N :INH CAO NG N;M 200(
Cu 1: =o% t5n ho%n to%n \,\d2 !5m hh !;m 6l <% 3! <%o ## =N>
*
loWn!, th, @12c ## : <% *,S*d lt (_
@ktc) hh D !;m h5i kh khEn! m%,, t+on! @. c. m0t kh h.5 nl, t+on! khEn! kh. QhGi l12n! cV5 D l% Y,S\
!5m. Cho ## N5>= (#1) <%o : <% @,n n.n!, khEn! c. kh m/i kh5i thot +5. Ph$n t+bm khGi l12n! cV5 6l
t+on! hh b5n @$, l% A SX,Y*c. ! S2,\Zc. C SZ,Y2c. " SY,2Yc.
THI T689N :INH I HC< CAO NG N;M 2007< K*=0 A
Cu 1: =o% t5n ho%n to%n hh !;m Z,S2 mol FeS2 <% 5 mol C,2S <%o 5it =N>* (<U5 @V), th, @12c ## :
(cha ch5 h5i m,Gi H,nq5t) <% kh #,C nhFt N>. Li t+- cV5 5
l% A Z,Z?. ! Z,Z[Y. C Z,S2. " Z,Zd.
Cu 2: T+on! 9hKn! th n!hifm, @( @ih, chB m0t l12n! nhv kh : tinh khiBt, n!1ji t5 @,n n.n! #,n! #-ch
5moni nit+it bWo ho%. Qh : l% A N>. ! N>2. C N2>. " N2.
Cu #: =K5 t5n ho%n to%n S2 !5m hh Fe, C, (ta lf mol S:S) bTn! 5it =N>*, th, @12c p lt (_ @ktc) hh kh :
(!;m N> <% N>2) <% ## D (cha ch5 h5i m,Gi <% 5it #1). Ta khGi cV5 : @Gi <Oi =2 bTn! SX. Li t+- cV5 p
l% (cho = n S, N n S?, > n Sd, Fe n Yd, C, n d?) A 2,2?. ! ?,?\. C Y,dZ. " *,*d.
Cu $: Cho tUn! chFt: Fe, Fe>, Fe(>=)2, Fe(>=)*, Fe*>?, Fe2>*, Fe(N>*)2, Fe(N>*)*, FeS>?,
Fe2(S>?)*, FeC>* l$n l12t 9h"n n! <Oi =N>* @Ac, n.n!. SG 9h"n n! th,0c loi 9h"n n! oi ho 7 kh)
l%
A \. ! Y. C [. " d.
Cu &: '( nhn biBt b5 5it @Ac, n!,0i: =Cl, =2S>?, =N>* @n! +iMn! bift t+on! b5 lu b- mFt nhWn, t5 #/n!
th,Gc th) l% A Fe. ! C,>. C 6l. " C,.
Cu ': Tmn! hf HG (cc HG n!,CMn, tGi !i"n) cV5 tFt c" cc chFt t+on! 9h1in! t+rnh 9h"n n! !i5 C, <Oi
#,n! #-ch =N>* @Ac, n.n! l% A SZ. !SS. C \. " X.
THI T689N :INH I HC< CAO NG N;M 200%< K*=0 A
Cu 1: Cho SS,*d !5m h8n h29 !;m Fe, Fe>, Fe2>* <% Fe*>? 9h"n n! hBt <Oi #,n! #-ch =N>* loWn!
(#1), th, @12c S,*?? lt kh N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc) <% #,n! #-ch :. CE cn #,n! #-ch : th,
@12c m !5m m,Gi kh5n. Li t+- cV5 m l% A *\,[2. ! *Y,YZ. C ?X,ZX.
" *?,*d.
Cu 2: Cho C, <% #,n! #-ch =2S>? loWn! tc #]n! <Oi chFt : (m0t loi 9hln b.n h.5 huc), thFC thot +5
kh khEn! m%, h.5 nl, t+on! khEn! kh. 3At khc, khi : tc #]n! <Oi #,n! #-ch N5>= thr c. kh m/i kh5i
thot +5. ChFt : l% A 5mo9hot. ! ,+e. C n5t+i nit+5t. " 5moni
nit+5t.
Cu #: Cho cc 9h"n n! H5,:
(S) C,(N> ) (2) N=
?
N>
2
(*) N=
*
+ >
2
(?) N=
*
+ Cl
2
(Y) N=
?
Cl (d) N=
*
+ C,> Cc 9h"n n! @h, to kh N2 l%:
A (2), (?), (d). ! (*), (Y), (d). C (S), (*), (?). " (S), (2), (Y).
Cu $: Cho *,2 !5m b0t C, tc #]n! <Oi SZZ ml #,n! #-ch h8n h29 !;m =N>* Z,\3 <% =2S>? Z,23. S5,
khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, Hinh +5 p lt kh N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc). Li t+- cV5 p l%
A Z,[?d. ! Z,??\. C S,[X2. " Z,d[2.
THI T689N :INH I HC< CAO NG N;M 200(< K*=0 A
Cu 1: Cho *,Z2? !5m m0t kim loi 3 t5n hBt t+on! #,n! #-ch =N>* loWn!, th, @12c X?Z,\ ml kh N>C
(H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc) c. ta khGi @Gi <Oi =2 bTn! 22. Qh N>C <% kim loi 3 l%
A N> <% 3!. ! N>2 <% 6l. C N2> <% 6l. " N2> <% Fe.
Cu 2: Cho 9h1in! t+rnh ho huc: Fe*>? + =N>* z Fe(N>*)* + N>C + =2> . S5, khi cln bTn! 9h1in!
t+rnh ho huc t+Mn <Oi hf HG cV5 cc chFt l% nhn! HG n!,CMn, tGi !i"n thr hf HG cV5 =N>* l%
A S* 7 XC. ! ?d 7 S\C. C ?Y 7 S\C. " 2* 7 XC.
9
Cu #: N,n! d,Y\ !5m C,(N>*)2 t+on! brnh kn khEn! ch5 khEn! kh, H5, m0t thji !i5n th, @12c ?,Xd
!5m chFt +In <% hh kh :. =F9 th] ho%n to%n : <%o n1Oc @( @12c *ZZ ml ## D. o,n! #-ch D c. 9= bTn!
A ?. ! 2. C S. " *.
Cu $: Cho d,[2 !5m Fe <%o ?ZZ ml #,n! #-ch =N>* S3, @Bn khi 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c kh
N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt) <% #,n! #-ch :. o,n! #-ch : c. th( ho% t5n tGi @5 m !5m C,. Li t+- cV5 m l%
A S,X2. ! *,2Z. C Z,d?. " *,\?.
Cu &: =o% t5n ho%n to%n S2,?2 !5m 6l bTn! ## =N>* loWn! (#1), th, @12c ## : <% S,*?? lt (_ @ktc) hh
kh D !;m h5i kh l% N2> <% N2. Ta khGi cV5 hh kh D Ho <Oi kh =2 l% S\. CE cn ## :, th, @12c m !5m
chFt +In kh5n. Li t+- cV5 m l% A *\,*?. ! *?,Z\. C SZd,*\.
" X[,X\.
Cu ': Cho hh !;m S,S2 !5m Fe <% S,X2 !5m C, <%o ?ZZ ml ## ch5 hh !;m =2S>? Z,Y3 <% N5N>*
Z,23. S5, khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c ## : <% kh N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt). Cho p ml
## N5>= S3 <%o ## : thr l12n! kBt tV5 th, @12c l% lOn nhFt. Li t+- tGi thi(, cV5 p l%
A *dZ. ! 2?Z. C ?ZZ. " S2Z.
THI T689N :INH I HC< CAO NG N;M 2007< K*=0 !
Cu 1: N,n! m !5m b0t HIt t+on! oi, th, @12c * !5m hh chFt +In :. =K5 t5n hBt hh : t+on! ## =N>* (#1),
thot +5 Z,Yd lt (_ @ktc) N> (l% H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt). Li t+- cV5 m l% (cho > n Sd, Fe n Yd)
A 2,Y2. ! 2,22. C 2,d2. " 2,*2.
Cu 2: Qhi cho C, tc #]n! <Oi ## ch5 =2S>? loWn! <% N5N>*, <5i t+K cV5 N5N>* t+on! 9h"n n! l%
A chFt Nc tc. ! chFt oi ho. C mEi t+1jn!. " chFt kh).
Cu #: T+on! 9hKn! th n!hifm, n!1ji t5 th1jn! @ih, chB =N>* tU
A N5N>2 <% =2S>? @Ac. ! N5N>* <% =2S>? @Ac. C N=* <% >2. "N5N>* <% =Cl @Ac.
Cu $: Cho h8n h29 Fe, C, 9h"n n! <Oi ## =N>* loWn!. S5, khi 9h"n n! ho%n to%n, th, @12c ## cha
ch5 m0t chFt t5n <% kim loi #1. ChFt t5n @.
l% A C,(N>*)2. ! =N>*. C Fe(N>*)2. " Fe(N>*)*.
Cu &: Thc hifn h5i th n!hifm:
S) Cho *,\? !5m C, 9h"n n! <Oi \Z ml #,n! #-ch =N>* S3 thot +5 pS lt N>.
2) Cho *,\? !5m C, 9h"n n! <Oi \Z ml #,n! #-ch ch5 =N>* S3 <% =2S>? Z,Y 3 thot +5 p2 lt N>.
4iBt N> l% H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, cc th( tch kh @o _ c/n! @ih, kifn. ,5n hf !i5 pS <% p2 l%
A p2 n pS. ! p2 n 2pS. C p2 n 2,YpS. " p2 n S,YpS.
THI T689N :INH I HC< CAO NG N;M 200%< K*=0 !
Cu 1: Cho 2,Sd !5m 3! tc #]n! <Oi #,n! #-ch =N>* (#1). S5, khi 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n th, @12c
Z,\Xd lt kh N> (_ @ktc) <% #,n! #-ch :. QhGi l12n! m,Gi kh5n th, @12c khi l%m b5C hii #,n! #-ch : l%
A \,\\ !5m. ! S*,X2 !5m. C d,Y2 !5m. " S*,*2 !5m.
Cu 2: Th%nh 9h$n chnh cV5 `,An! 9hot9ho+it l%
A C5*(P>?)2. ! N=?=2P>?. C C5(=2P>?)2. " C5=P>?.
Cu #: Cho m !5m hh : !;m 6l, C, <%o ## =Cl (#1), H5, khi kBt thNc 9h"n n! Hinh +5 *,*d lt kh (_ @ktc).
NB, cho m !5m hh : t+Mn <%o m0t l12n! #1 5it nit+ic (@Ac, n!,0i), H5, khi kBt thNc 9h"n n! Hinh +5 d,[2 lt
kh N>2 (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc). Li t+- cV5 m l% A SS,Y. ! SZ,Y. C S2,*. " SY,d.
Cu $: Cho Z,S mol P2>Y <%o #,n! #-ch ch5 Z,*Y mol Q>=. o,n! #-ch th, @12c c. cc chFt:
A Q
*
P>
?
, Q
2
=P>
?
. ! Q
2
=P>
?
, Q=
2
P>
?
. C Q
*
P>
?
, Q>=. " =
*
P>
?
, Q=
2
P>.
Cu &: Th( tch ## =N>* S3 (loWn!) t nhFt c$n #/n! @( ho% t5n ho%n to%n m0t hh !;m Z,SY mol Fe <%
Z,SY mol C, l% (biBt 9h"n n! to chFt kh) #,C nhFt l% N>) A S,Z lt. ! Z,d lt. C Z,\ lt. " S,2 lt.
THI T689N :INH I HC< CAO NG N;M 200(< K*=0 !
Cu 1: Cho dS,2 !5m h8n h29 : !;m C, <% Fe*>? tc #]n! <Oi #,n! #-ch =N>* loWn!, @,n n.n! <% kh,FC
@h,. S5, khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c *,*d lt kh N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc), #,n!
#-ch D <% cKn li 2,? !5m kim loi. CE cn #,n! #-ch D, th, @12c m !5m m,Gi kh5n. Li t+- cV5 m l%
A SYS,Y. ! S*[,S. C X[,Y. " SZ\,X.
Cu 2: Cho m !5m b0t Fe <%o \ZZ ml ## hh !;m C,(N>
*
)
2
Z,23 <% =
2
S>
?
Z,2Y3. S5, khi cc 9h"n n!
"C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c Z,dm !5m hh b0t kim loi <% p lt kh N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc). Li
t+- cV5 m <% p l$n l12t l% ASZ,\ <% ?,?\. ! SZ,\ <% 2,2?. C S[,\ <% 2,2?. " S[,\
<% ?,?\.
Cu #: Phln b.n n%o H5, @lC l%m tbn! @0 ch,5 cV5 @Ft} A QCl. ! N=?N>*. CN5N>*. " Q2C>*.
Cu $: =K5 t5n ho%n to%n S,2* !5m hh : !;m C, <% 6l <%o ## =N>* @Ac, n.n! th, @12c S,*?? lt kh N>2
(H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc) <% #,n! #-ch D. S]c tU tU kh N=* (#1) <%o #,n! #-ch D, H5, khi 9h"n n!
10
"C +5 ho%n to%n th, @12c m !5m kBt tV5. Ph$n t+bm <h khGi l12n! cV5 C, t+on! hh : <% !i t+- cV5 m l$n
l12t l% A2S,XYc <% 2,2Y. ! [\,ZYc <% 2,2Y. C 2S,XYc <% Z,[\. " [\,ZYc <% Z,[\.
THI T689N :INH I HC< CAO NG N;M 2010
Cu 1: N,n! 2,2* !5m h8n h29 : !;m cc kim loi Fe, 6l, Zn, 3! t+on! oi, H5, m0t thji !i5n th, @12c
2,[S !5m h8n h29 D. =o% t5n ho%n to%n D <%o #,n! #-ch =N>* (#1), th, @12c Z,d[2 lt kh N> (H"n 9htm
kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc). SG mol =N>* @W 9h"n n! l% }
A Z,S2. ! Z,S?. C Z,Sd. " Z,S\.
Cu 2:Cho Z,* mol b0t C, <% Z,d mol Fe(N>*)2 <%o #,n! #-ch ch5 Z,X mol =2S>? (loWn!). S5, khi cc
9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c p lt kh N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc). Li t+- cV5 p l%
A d,[2. ! \,Xd. C ?,?\. " SZ,Z\
Cu #: Cho 5 !5m Fe <%o SZZ ml #,n! #-ch h8n h29 !;m =N>
*
Z,\3 <% C,(N>
*
)
2
S3. S5, khi cc 9h"n
n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c Z,X25 !5m h8n h29 kim loi <% kh N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt cV5 N
+Y
). L5
t+- cV5 5 l%
6. \,? 4. Y,d C. SS,2 o. SS,Z
Cu $ : Chlt +bn : 9h5n 1n! <ii #,n! #ich =Cl @1ic #,n! #ich D. Cho t1 t1 #,n! #ich N=
*
@Mn #1 <5o
#,n! #ich D, b5n @l, ,lt hiMn kMt t,5 5nh, H5, @o kMt t,5 t5n, th, @1ic #,n! #ich m5, 5nh thlm. Chlt :
l5
6. Fe> 4. Fe C. C,> o. C,
Cu & : Cho hEn hi9 !Em d,[2 !5m 3! <5 Z,\ !5m 3!> t5c #,n! hMt <ii l1in! #1 #,n! #ich =N>
*
. S5,
khi c5c 9h5n 1n! 5C +5 ho5n to5n, th, @1ic Z,\Xd lit mEt khi : (@ktc) <5 #,n! #ich D. ~5m b5C hii #,n!
#ich D th, @1ic ?d !5m m,Ei kh5n. Qhi : l5
6. N>
2
4. N
2
> C. N> o. N
2
Cu ' : Cho S,Yd !5m hEn hi9 !Em 6l <5 6l
2
>
*
9h5n 1n! hMt <ii #,n! #ich =Cl (#1), th, @1ic p lit khi
=
2
(@ktc) <5 #,n! #ich :. Nho t1 t1 #,n! #ich N=
*
@Mn #1 <5o #,n! #ich : th, @1ic kMt t,5, loc hMt l1in!
kMt t,5, n,n! @Mn khEi l1in! khEn! @Ei th, @1ic 2,Z? !5m chlt +bn. Li5 t+i c,5 p l5
6. Z,d[2 4. Z,22? C. Z,??\ o. S,*??
THI T689N :INH I HC< CAO NG N;M 2011
Cu 1: ',n n.n! m !5m h8n h29 C, <% Fe c. ta lf khGi l12n! t1in! n! [ : * <Oi m0t l12n! #,n! #-ch
=N>*. Qhi cc 9h"n n! kBt thNc, th, @12c Z,[Ym !5m chFt +In, #,n! #-ch : <% Y,d lt h8n h29 kh (@ktc)
!;m N> <% N>2 (khEn! c. H"n 9htm kh) khc cV5 N+Y). 4iBt l12n! =N>* @W 9h"n n! l% ??,S !5m. Li
t+- cV5 m l%
A ??,\. ! ?Z,Y. C **,d. " YZ,?.
Cu 2: Cho [,d\ !5m C, <%o 2ZZ ml #,n! #-ch !;m =N>* Z,d3 <% =2S>? Z,Y3. S5, khi cc 9h"n n!
"C +5 ho%n to%n (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt l% N>), cE cn ctn thn to%n b0 #,n! #-ch H5, 9h"n n! thr khGi
l12n! m,Gi kh5n th, @12c l%
A 2Z,Sd !5m. ! 22,Yd !5m. C SX,[d !5m. " SX,2Z !5m.
Cu #: Cho Z,\[ !5m h8n h29 !;m Fe, C, <% 6l <%o brnh @n! *ZZ ml #,n! #-ch =
2
S>
?
Z,S3. S5, khi cc
9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c Z,*2 !5m chFt +In <% c. ??\ ml kh (@ktc) thot +5. ThMm tiB9 <%o brnh
Z,?2Y !5m N5N>
*
, khi cc 9h"n n! kBt thNc thr th( tch kh N> (@ktc, H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt) to th%nh <%
khGi l12n! m,Gi t+on! #,n! #-ch l%
6. Z,22? lt <% *,[YZ !5m. 4. Z,SS2 lt <% *,[YZ !5m.
C. Z,SS2 lt <% *,\dY !5m. o. Z,22? lt <% *,\dY !5m.
Cu $ : =8n h29 : !;m Fe(N>
*
)
2
, C,(N>
*
)
2
<% 6!N>
*
. Th%nh 9h$n c khGi l12n! cV5 niti t+on! : l%
SS,\d?c. C. th( @ih, chB @12c tGi @5 b5o nhiM, !5m h8n h29 b5 kim loi tU S?,Sd !5m :}
6. SZ,Yd !5m 4. [,d\ !5m C. *,*d !5m o. d,[2 !5m
Cu &: o,n! #-ch : !;m Z,S mol =
+
, mol 6l
*+
, t mol N>
*
7
<% Z,Z2 mol S>
?
27
. Cho S2Z ml #,n! #-ch D
!;m Q>= S,23 <% 45(>=)
2
Z,S3 <%o :, H5, khi cc 9h"n n! kBt thNc, th, @12c *,[*2 !5m kBt V5. Li t+-
cV5 , t l$n l12t l%:
6. Z,Z2Z <% Z,ZS2 4. Z,Z2Z <% Z,S2Z C. Z,ZS2 <% Z,ZXd o. Z,S2Z <% Z,Z2Z
Cu ': Cho hii n1Oc @i `,5 th5n n.n! @v, th, @12c SY,d\ lt h8n h29 kh : (@ktc) !;m C>, C>
2
<% =
2
. Cho
to%n b0 : tc #]n! hBt <Oi C,> (#1) n,n! n.n!, th, @12c h8n h29 chFt +In D. =K5 t5n to%n b0 D bTn! #,n!
#-ch =N>
*
(loWn!, #1) @12c \,Xd lt N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc). Ph$n t+bm th( tch kh C> t+on! :
l%:
6. S\,?2c 4. 2\,Y[c C. S?,2\c o. Y[,SYc
11
Cu 7: Cho S,\2 !5m h8n h29 b0t : !;m C, <% 6! (ta lf HG mol t1in! n! ? : S) <%o *Z ml #,n! #-ch !;m
=
2
S>
?
Z,Y3 <% =N>
*
23, H5, khi cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, th, @12c 5 mol kh N> (H"n 9htm kh)
#,C nhFt cV5 N
+Y
). T+0n 5 mol N> t+Mn <Oi Z,S mol >
2
th, @12c h8n h29 kh D. Cho to%n b0 D tc #]n! <Oi
=
2
>, th, @12c SYZ ml #,n! #-ch c. 9= n . Li t+- cV5 l%:
6. S 4. * C. 2 o. ?
Cu %: Nhift 9hln m0t l12n! 6!N>
*
@12c chFt +In : <% h8n h29 kh D. okn to%n b0 D <%o m0t l12n! #1
=
2
>, th, @12c #,n! #-ch Z. Cho to%n b0 : <%o Z, : cha t5n m0t 9h$n <% thot +5 kh N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C
nhFt). 4iBt cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n. Ph$n t+bm khGi l12n! cV5 : @W 9h"n n! l%
6.2Yc 4. dZc C. [Zc o. [Yc
Cu (: Thc hifn cc th n!hifm H5,:
(5) Nhift 9hln 6!N>
*
(b) N,n! FeS
2
t+on! khEn! kh
(c) Nhift 9hln QN>
*
(#) Cho #,n! #-ch C,S>
?
<%o #,n! #-ch N=
*
(#1)
(e) Cho Fe <%o #,n! #-ch C,S>
?
(!) Cho Zn <%o #,n! #-ch FeCl
*
(#1)
(h) N,n! 6!
2
S t+on! khEn! kh (i) Cho 45 <%o #,n! #-ch C,S>
?
(#1)
SG th n!hifm th, @12c kim loi H5, khi cc 9h"n n! kBt thNc l%
6. * 4. Y C. 2 o. ?
THI T689N :INH I HC< CAO NG N;M 2012
Cu 1: Cho S\,? !5m h8n h29 : !;m C,
2
S, C,S, FeS
2
<% FeS tc #]n! hBt <Oi =N>
*
(@Ac n.n! #1) th,
@12c p lt kh cha c. N>
2
(_ @ktc, H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt) <% #,n! #-ch D. Cho to%n b0 D <%o m0t l12n! #1
#,n! #-ch 45Cl
2
, th, @12c ?d,d !5m kBt tV5, cKn khi cho to%n b0 D tc #]n! <Oi #,n! #-ch N=
*
#1 th, @12c
SZ,[ !5m kBt tV5. Li t+- cV5 p l%
6. *\,Z\ 4. SS,2 C. 2?,d? o. Sd,\
Cu 2 : 'Gt Y,d !5m Fe t+on! khEn! kh, th, @12c h8n h29 chFt +In :. Cho to%n b0 : tc #]n! <Oi #,n!
#-ch =N>
*
loWn! (#1), th, @12c kh N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt) <% #,n! #-ch ch5 m !5m m,Gi. Li t+-
cV5 m l%:
6. S\,Z. 4. 22,?. C. SY,d o. 2?,2.
Cu #: Cho 2X !5m h8n h29 !;m 6l, C, <% 6! tc #]n! <U5 @V <Oi XYZ ml #,n! #-ch =N>
*
S,Y3, th, @12c
#,n! #-ch ch5 m !5m m,Gi <% Y,d lt h8n h29 kh : (@ktc) !;m N> <% N
2
>. Ta khGi cV5 : Ho <Oi =
2
l%
Sd,?. Li t+- cV5 m l%
6. X\,2Z 4. X[,2Z C. X\,[Y o. XS,ZZ

Cu $: =K5 t5n ho%n to%n Z,S mol FeS
2
t+on! 2ZZ ml #,n! #-ch =N>
*
?3, H"n 9htm th, @12c !;m #,n!
#-ch : <% m0t chFt kh thot +5. o,n! #-ch : c. th( hK5 t5n tGi @5 m !5m C,. 4iBt t+on! cc `, t+rnh t+Mn,
H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt cV5 N
+Y
@h, l% N>. Li t+- cV5 m l%
6. S2,\ 4. d,? C. X,d o. *,2
Cu &: okn l,;n! kh C> @i `,5 h8n h29 !;m C,> <% Fe
2
>
*
n,n! n.n!, H5, m0t thji !i5n th, @12c chFt +In
: <% kh D. Cho D hF9 th] ho%n to%n <%o #,n! #-ch 45(>=)
2
#1, th, @12c 2X,YY !5m kBt tV5. ChFt +In :
9h"n n! <Oi #,n! #-ch =N>
*
#1 th, @12c p lt kh N> (H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt _ @ktc). Li t+- cV5 p l%
6. 2,2? 4. ?,?\ C. d,[2 o. *,*d
Cu ': =K5 t5n 6, bTn! n1Oc c1jn! to5n thr H"n 9htm kh) l% N>P hK5 t5n 6! t+on! #,n! #-ch =N>
*
@Ac
thr H"n 9htm kh) l% N>
2
. '( HG mol N>
2
bTn! HG mol N> thr ta lf HG mol 6! <% 6, t1in! n! l%
6. S : 2 4. * : S C. S : S o. S : *
Cu 7: =K5 t5n ho%n to%n \,X !5m h8n h29 !;m 3! <% Zn bTn! l12n! <U5 @V YZZ ml #,n! #-ch =N>
*
S3.
S5, khi cc 9h"n n! kBt thNc, th, @12c S,ZZ\ lt kh N
2
> (@ktc) #,C nhFt <% #,n! #-ch : ch5 m !5m m,Gi.
Li t+- cV5 m l%
6. *?,SZ 4. *S,*2 C. *?,*2 o. **,[Z
Cu %: Cho Fe tc #]n! <Oi #,n! #-ch =
2
S>
?
loWn! to th%nh kh :P nhift 9hln tinh th( QN>
*
to th%nh kh
DP cho tinh th( Q3n>
?
tc #]n! <Oi #,n! #-ch =Cl @Ac to th%nh kh Z. Cc kh :, D <% Z l$n l12t l%
6. Cl
2
, >
2
<% =
2
S 4. =
2
, >
2
<% Cl
2
. C. S>
2
, >
2
<% Cl
2
. o. =
2
, N>
2
<% Cl
2
.






12






1. 1. Tm ra cch khng c dng trong qu trnh iu ch nit trong phng th nghim:
A !hit ph"n mu#i !$
%
!&
'
( Thu !
'
)*ng cch r+i
ch, n-c
. Thu !
'
)*ng cch r+i ch, khng kh/ ng0a )nh 1 !hit ph"n h,n hp !$
%
.2 34
!a!&
'

1 2 T+on! nh.m Niti, khi @i tU Niti @Bn 4i, @ih, khn! @-nh n%o #1Oi @lC khEn! @Nn!}
6. @0 lm @ifn cc n!,CMn tG !i"m #$n 4. bn knh cV5 n!,CMn t) cc n!,CMn tG
tbn! #$n
C. nbn! l12n! ion h.5 cV5 cc n!,CMn tG !i"m #$n o. n!,CMn t) cc n!,CMn tG @h, c. c/n! HG
lO9 elect+on.
1 # T+on! nh.m Niti, khi @i tU Niti @Bn 4i, @ih, khn! @-nh n%o #1Oi @lC khEn! @Nn!}
6. t+on! cc 5it, 5it nit+ic l% 5it mnh nhFt 4. kh" nbn! oi h.5 !i"m #$n <r @0 lm
@ifn !i"m #$n
C. tnh 9hi kim tbn! #$n, @;n! thji tnh kim loi !i"m #$n o. tnh 5it cV5 cc oit !i"m #$n, @;n! thji
tnh b5i tbn! #$n.
1 $ nhift @0 th1jn!, N
2
9h"n n! @12c <Oi6. ~i 4.
N5 C. C5 o. Cl
2
.
2 & '( tch +iMn! N=
*
+5 khvi h8n h29 N=
*
, =
2
, N
2
t+on! cEn! n!hif9 n!1ji t5 #/n!:
6. cho h8n h29 @i `,5 ## C5(>=)
2
4. cho h8n h29 @i `,5 C,> n,n! n.n!
C. cho h8n h29 @i `,5 ## =
2
S>
?
@m @Ac o. nn <% l%m lnh h8n h29 @( N=
*
h.5
lvn!.
1 ' o,n! #-ch =N>
*
tinh khiBt @( n!o%i nh Hn! ll, n!%C H ch,C(n #$n H5n! m%,:
6. @en Hkm 4. <%n! C. @v o. t+In! @]c.
1 7 =K5 t5n ho%n to%n h8n h29 !;m Zn <% Zn> bTn! ## =N>
*
loWn!, #1. S5, 9h"n n! khEn! thFC
kh thot +5 m% cha th, @12c ## ch5 \ !5m N=
?
N>
*
<% SS*,? !5m Zn(N>
2
)
2
. Tnh c HG mol Zn c. t+on!
h8n h29 @$,}
6. dd,d[c 4. **,**c C. Sd,d[c o. X*,*?c.
1 % =o% t5n ho%n to%n h8n h29 !;m 6l <% 6l
2
>
*
bTn! ## =N>
*
loWn!, #1. S5, 9h"n n! khEn!
thFC kh b5C +5. o,n! #-ch H5, 9h"n n! @12c chi5 l%m 2 9h$n bTn! nh5,. Ph$n S cho tc #]n! <Oi l12n! #1
N5>= thr th, @12c Z,**d lt kh (@ktC., 9h$n 2 cho tc #]n! <Oi ## N=
*
#1 thr th, @12c *,X !5m kBt tV5.
4iBt cc 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n, tnh c HG mol 6l c. t+on! h8n h29 @$,}
6. \Zc 4. \\,\Xc C. XZc o. YZc.
1 ( Cho #,n! #-ch 45(>=)
2
@Bn #1 <%o SZZml ## : !;m cc ion: +;i tiBn h%nh @,n n.n! thr @12c
2*,* !5m kBt tV5 <% d,[2 lt kh (@ktC. #,C nhFt. N;n! @0 molgl cV5 (N=
?
)
2
S>
?
<% N=
?
N>
*
t+on! ## : l$n
l12t l%:
6. S3 <% S3 4. 23 <% 23 C. S3 <% 23 o. 23 <% S3.
1 10 T+on! 9hKn! th n!hifm, n!1ji t5 tiBn h%nh th n!hifm cV5 kim loi C, <Oi ## =N>
*
@Ac. 4ifn
9h9 ) l tGt nhFt @( kh to th%nh khi thot +5 n!o%i !lC E nhim mEi t+1jn! t nhFt l%:
6. nNt Gn! n!hifm bTn! bEn! khE4. nNt Gn! n!hifm bTn! bEn! ttm n1Oc
C. nNt Gn! n!hifm bTn! bEn! ttm c;no. nNt Gn! n!hifm bTn! bEn! ttm ## C5(>=)
2
.
1 11 ChFt c. th( #/n! @( l%m khE @12c N=
*
l%:
6. =
2
S>
?
@Ac 4. C,S>
?
kh5n C. C5> o. P
2
>
Y
.
1 12 6it =
*
P>
?
<% =N>
*
c/n! c. 9h"n n! <Oi nh.m cc chFt n%o #1Oi @lC}
6. 3!>, Q>=, C,S>
?
, N=
*
4. C,Cl
2
, Q>=, N5
2
C>
*
, N=
*
C. N5Cl, Q>=, N5
2
C>
*
, N=
*
o.
Q>=, N5
2
C>
*
, N=
*
, N5
2
S.
1 1# Th%nh 9h$n h.5 huc chnh cV5 H,9e9hot9h5t k9 l%:6. C5
*
(P>
?
)
2
4. C5(=
2
P>
?
)
2
C. C5=P>
?
o.
C5(=
2
P>
?
)
2
<% C5S>
?
.
2 1$ CEn! thc cV5 +M l% 6. N=
2
C> 4. (N=
2
)
2
C>C. (N=
2
)
2
C>
*
o. (N=
?
)
2
C>
*
.
# 1& Thc hifn h5i th n!hifm:
13
S) Cho *,\? !5m C, 9h"n n! <Oi \Z ml #,n! #-ch =N>* S3 thot +5 pS lt N>.
2) Cho *,\? !5m C, 9h"n n! <Oi \Z ml #,n! #-ch ch5 =N>* S3 <% =2S>? Z,Y 3 thot +5 p2lt N>.4iBt
N> l% H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt, cc th( tch kh @o _ c/n! @ih, kifn. ,5n hf !i5 pS <% p2 l%(cho C, n d?)
6. p2 n pS. 4. p2 n 2pS. C. p2 n 2,YpS. o. p2 n S,YpS.
1 1' Qhi cho C, tc #]n! <Oi #,n! #-ch ch5 =2S>? loWn! <% N5N>*, <5i t+K cV5 N5N>*
t+on!9h"n n! l%
6. chFt Nc tc. 4. chFt oi ho. C. mEi t+1jn!. o. chFt kh).
1 17 Cho 2,2?! m0t kim loi ho t+- yy khEn! @mi t5n ho%n to%n t+on! 5it nit+ic @m @Ac to +5 S,Yd\
lit kh(@ktC... Qim loi @. l%:
6. 3! 4. C5 C. Zn o. C,
1 1% Cho ? lt N
2
<% S? lt =
2
<%o brnh 9h"n n!, h8n h29 th, @12c H5, 9h"n n! c. th( tch l% Sd,? lt
(cc th( tch kh @12c @o c/n! @ih, kifn). =if, H,Ft cV5 9h"n n! l%:
6. YZc 4. *Zc C. 2Zc o. S[,S?c.
1 1( Cho SS,Z !5m h8n h29 : !;m 6l <% Fe <%o ## =N>
*
loWn!, #1, th, @12c d,[2 lt kh N> _ @ktc
(H"n 9htm kh) #,C nhFt). QhGi l12n! 6l <% Fe t+on! h8n h29 : l$n l12t l%:
6. Y,? !5m <% Y,d !5m 4. Y,d <% Y,? !5m C. \,S !5m <% 2,X !5m o. \,2 !5m <% 2,\
!5m.
1 20 =K5 t5n ho%n to%n m !5m 6l <%o ## =N>
*
+Ft loWn! thr th, @12c Z,ZSY mol kh N
2
> <% Z,ZS
mol kh N> (9h"n n! khEn! to N=
?
N>
*
). Li t+- cV5 m l%:
6. S*,Y 4. S,*Y C. Z,\S o. \,SZ.
1 21 'm ## ch5 SS,[d !5m =
*
P>
?
<%o ## c. ch5 Sd,\ !5m Q>=. QhGi l12n! m,Gi th, @12c l%:
6. SZ,?? !5m Q=
2
P>
?
<% \,Y !5m Q
*
P>
?
4. SZ,?? !5m Q
2
=P>
?
<% S2,[2 !5m Q
*
P>
?
C. S,Z?? !5m Q
2
=P>
?
<% S,2[2 !5m Q
*
P>
?
o. SZ,2 !5m Q
2
=P>
?
<% S*,Y !5m Q=
2
P>
?
.
1 22 QhGi l12n! `,An! 9hot9ho+it ch5 dYc C5
*
(P>
?
)
2
c$n lFC @( @ih, chB SYZk! 9hot9ho l%. 4iBt
+Tn! t+on! `, t+rnh @ih, chB c. *c P b- h5o h]t.
6. S,S\X tFn 4. Z,2 tFn C. Z,Y tFn o. 2,2[ tFn
1 2# . 30t n!,CMn tG c. h29 chFt kh <Oi hi#+o l% =
*
. >it c5o nhFt cV5 ch5 ?*,ddc khGi l12n! .
N!,CMn tG l%:
6. Niti 4. PhGt9ho C. p5n5@i o. 30t n!,CMn tG khc
1 2$ 'em n,n! n.n! C,(N>
*
)
2
m0t thji !i5n, @( n!,0i, @em cln li thFC khGi l12n! !i"m Y?!. QhGi
l12n! C,(N>
*
)
2
@W b- nhift 9hln l%:
6. YZ! 4. ?X! C. X?! o. X\!
1 2& o,n! #-ch 5it nit+ic c. m%, <%n! l% #o:
6. nh Hn! m%, <%n! 9h"n chiB, 4. ~kn t9 chFt
C. 4"n thln =N>
*
l% chFt lvn! m%, <%n!o. =N>
*
9hln h,R to N>
2
c. m%, <%n!
1 2' Qhi l%m th n!hifm <Oi 9hEt9ho t+In!, c$n c. chN n%o #1Oi @lC}
6. c$m P t+In! bTn! t5C c. @eo !bn! c5o H,
4. #/n! cA9 !I9 nh5nh mk, P t+In! lFC +5 khvi lu <% n!lm n!5C <%o ch, @n! n1Oc khi ch15 #/n! @Bn.
C. t+nh cho P t+In! tiB9 Nc <Oi n1Oc.
o. c. th( @( P t+In! n!o%i khEn! kh.
1 27 Cho * #,n! #-ch m,Gi c. c/n! n;n! @0 molgl: QN>
*
, N=
?
Cl, N5
*
P>
?
. Th t 9= tbn! #$n theo
#WC @Nn! l%:
6. QN>
*
w N5
*
P>
?
w N=
?
Cl 4. N=
?
Cl w QN>
*
w N5
*
P>
?
C. QN>
*
w N=
?
Cl w N5
*
P>
?
o. N5
*
P>
?
w N=
?
Cl w QN>
*

6. Fe 4. 6l C. Zn o. C,
2% T+on! Hi @; H5, :
N=
*
} } } : D
:,D l$n l12t l% cA9 chFt n%o }
6.N=
?
N>
*
,N
2
>. 4.N=
?
N>
*
,N
2
C.N=
?
N>
2
,N
2
> o.N=
?
N>
2
,N
2
2( =K5 t5n ho%n to%n S2,\ ! C, t+on! #,n! #-ch =N>
*
thFC thot +5 p lt kh 6 !;m N>, N>
2
(_
'QTC.. 4iBt ta khGi cV5 6 @Gi <Oi =
2
l% SX. T5 c. p bTn!:
6. ?,?\ lt 4. 2,2? lt C. Z,??\ lt o. Qkhc.
#0 =o% t5n ho%n to%n Sd,2 !5m S kim loi h.5 t+- ch15 + bTn! #,n! #-ch =N>
*
@12c Y,d lt ('QC.
h8n h29 6 nAn! [,2 !5m !;m N> <% N
2
. Qim loi @W cho l%:
14
1 #1 N;n! @0 ion t+on! n1Oc ,Gn! tGi @5 cho 9h9 l% X99m (95+t 9e+ million). NB, thU5 ion H !lC +5
m0t loi bfnh thiB, m, hoAc to th%nh nit+oH5min (m0t chFt !lC ,n! th1 t+on! @1jn! tiM, h.6.. '( nhn
biBt ion n!1ji t5 #/n! cc h.5 chFt n%o #1Oi @lC}
6. C,S>
?
<% ## N5>= 4. C, <% ## =
2
S>
?
loWn! C. C, <% ## N5>= o.
C,S>
?
<% =
2
S>
?
.
1 #2 T+on! cEn! n!hif9, n!1ji t5 H"n ,Ft =N>
*
theo Hi @;: N=
*
N> N>
2
=N>
*
. 4iBt hif, H,Ft
to%n b0 `, t+rnh @ih, chB t+Mn l% [Zc, l12n! =N>
*
H"n ,Ft @12c tU 22,? lt kh N=
*
(@ktC. l%:
6. 22,ZY !5m 4. ??,S !5m C. d*,Z !5m o. ?,?S !5m.
1 ## Cho h8n h29 !;m FeS <% C,
2
S 9h"n n! <Oi #,n! #-ch =N>
*
th, @12c #,n! #-ch 6 chIc chIn 9h"i
c. ch5 cc ion:
6. C,
2+
, Fe
2+
, S>
?
27
4. C,
2+
, Fe
*+
, S
27
C. C,
2+
, Fe
*+
, S>
?
27
o. C,
2+
, Fe
2+
, S
27
1 #$ ',n n.n! dd,2 !5m Pb(N>
*
)
2
H5, 9h"n n! th, @12c YY,? !5m chFt +In. =if, H,Ft cV5 9h"n n!
l%:
6. *Zc 4. [Zc C. \Zc o. YZc
1 #& =K5 t5n hBt S2 !5m h29 kim HIt <% @;n! bTn! #,n! #-ch 5it =N>
*
@Ac n.n! @12c SS,2 lt
N>
2
(@ktC.. =%m l12n! HIt t+on! mk, h29 kim l%:
6. [S,* c 4. 2\,\ c C. ?d,[ c o. Y2,d c
1 #' #n! h29 chFt niti c. t+on! khon! <t !ui l% #iMm tiM,, c. th%nh 9h$n chnh l% chFt n%o #1Oi
@lC}
6. N5N>
2
4. N=
?
N>
*
C. N5N>
*
o. N=
?
N>
2
1 #7 .Phln lln H,9e9hot9h5t @in c. th%nh 9h$n h.5 huc l%:
6. C5(=
2
P>
?
)
2
<% C5
*
(P>
?
)
*
4. C5(=
2
P>
?
)
2
<% C5S>
?
.2=
2
> C. C5(=
2
P>
?
)
2
o. C5
*
(P>
?
)
2
1 #% Chun cEn! thc @Nn! cV5 595tit
6. C5
*
(P>
?
)
2
4.C5
2
(P>
?
)
*
C. C5
*
(P>
?
)
2
.C5F
2
o. C5P
2
>
[

1 #( T+on! nh.m Niti, khi @i tU Niti @Bn 4i, @ih, khn! @-nh n%o #1Oi @lC khEn! @Nn!}
6. t+on! cc 5it, 5it nit+ic l% 5it mnh nhFt 4. kh" nbn! oi h.5 !i"m #$n <r @0 lm
@ifn !i"m #$n
C. tnh 9hi kim tbn! #$n, @;n! thji tnh kim loi !i"m #$n
o. tnh 5it cV5 cc oit !i"m #$n, @;n! thji tnh b5i tbn! #$n.
1 $0 Qim loi tc #]n! <Oi =N>
*
khEn! to +5 chFt n%o #1Oi @lC}
6. N=
?
N>
*
4. N
2
C. N>
2
o. N
2
>
Y
.
1 $1 N!1ji t5 H"n ,Ft kh niti t+on! cEn! n!hif9 bTn! cch n%o #1Oi @lC}
6. ch1n! cFt 9hln @on khEn! khi lvn! 4. nhift 9hln #,n! #-ch N=
?
N>
2
bWo hK5
C. #/n! 9 @( @Gt chC hBt >
2
t+on! khEn! kh o. cho khEn! kh @i `,5 b0t @;n! n,n!
n.n!.
1 $2 Phln b.n nit+o9hotk5 (NPQ) l% h8n h29 cV5
6. (N=?)2=P>? <% QN>*. 4. N=?=2P>? <% QN>*. C. (N=?)*P>? <% QN>*. o. (N=?)2=P>? <%
N5N>*.
1 $# N,n! d,Y\ !5m C,(N>*)2 t+on! brnh kn khEn! ch5 khEn! kh, H5, m0t thji !i5n th, @12c
?,Xd !5m chFt +In <% h8n h29 kh :. =F9 th] ho%n to%n : <%o n1Oc @( @12c *ZZ ml #,n! #-ch D. o,n! #-ch
D c. 9= bTn!
6. ?. 4. 2. C. S. o. *.
1 $$ Pht bi(, n%o H5, @lC l% @Nn!}
6. Phln lln c,n! cF9 niti ho h29 cho clC #1Oi #n! ion nit+5t (N>*7) <% ion 5moni (N=?+).
4. 6mo9hot l% h8n h29 cc m,Gi (N=?)2=P>? <% QN>*.
C. Phln h8n h29 ch5 niti, 9hot9ho, k5li @12c !ui ch,n! l% 9hln NPQ.
o. Phln ,+M c. cEn! thc l% (N=?)2C>*.
1 $& 30t brnh 9h"n n! c. #,n! tch khEn! @mi, ch5 h8n h29 kh N2 <% =2 <Oi n;n! @0 t1in! n!
l% Z,*3 <% Z,[3. S5, khi 9h"n n! tmn! h29 N=* @t t+n! thi cln bTn! _ t
o
C, =2 chiBm YZc th( tch h8n
h29 th, @12c. =Tn! HG cln bTn! QC _ t
o
C cV5 9h"n n! c. !i t+- l%
6. 2,YZZ. 4. *,S2Y. C. Z,dZX. o. Z,YZZ.
1 $' Phln b.n n%o H5, @lC l%m tbn! @0 ch,5 cV5 @Ft}
6. QCl. 4. N=?N>*. C. N5N>*. o. Q2C>*.
1 $7 '( t+,n! hK5 ho%n to%n #,n! #-ch th, @12c khi th,R 9hln ?,Y? !5m m0t 9hot9ho t+ih5lo!en,5
c$n #/n! YY,Z m~ #,n! #-ch N5>= *3. pC cEn! thc cV5 9hot9ho t+ih5lo!en,5 l%:
15
6. PF
*
4. PCl
*
C. P4+
*
o. Py
*
.
1 $% Cho Y,d (l) N>
2
(sktC. HEc <o #,n! #ch N5>= #. S5, 9hn n! khi ln! m,i th, sc l:
6. SX,2Y 4. 2Z,2Y C. *\,2Y o. ?Z,2Y
1 $( =8n h29 kh : !;m N2 <% =2 c. ta khGi Ho <Oi =e bTn! S,\. ',n n.n! : m0t thji !i5n t+on!
brnh kn (c. b0t Fe l%m Nc tc), th, @12c h8n h29 kh D c. ta khGi Ho <Oi =e bTn! 2. =if, H,Ft cV5 9h"n
n! tmn! h29 N=* l%
6. 2Yc. 4. YZc. C. *dc. o. ?Zc.
1 &0 Cho Z,??\ lt kh N=* (@ktc) @i `,5 Gn! H @n! Sd !5m C,> n,n! n.n!, th, @12c chFt +In :
(!i" H) 9h"n n! "C +5 ho%n to%n). Ph$n t+bm khGi l12n! cV5 C, t+on! : l%
6. \Y,\\c. 4. S?,S2c. C. \[,d*c. o. S2,*[c.
1 &1 N,n! 2,2* !5m h8n h29 : !;m cc kim loi Fe, 6l, Zn, 3! t+on! oi, H5, m0t thji !i5n th,
@12c 2,[S !5m h8n h29 D. =o% t5n ho%n to%n D <%o #,n! #-ch =N>* (#1), th, @12c Z,d[2 lt kh N> (H"n
9htm kh) #,C nhFt, _ @ktc). SG mol =N>* @W 9h"n n! l%
6. Z,S2. 4. Z,S?. C. Z,Sd. o. Z,S\.
1 &2 30t loi 9hln H,9e9hot9h5t k9 c. ch5 dX,d2c m,Gi c5ni @ihi@+o9hot9h5t, cKn li !;m cc
chFt khEn! ch5 9hot9ho. '0 #inh #1n! cV5 loi 9hln lln n%C l%
6. ?\,Y2c. 4. ?2,2Yc. C. *X,[dc. o. ?Y,[Yc.
1 &# T+on! PTN n!1ji t5 th1jn! H) #]n!:
6. Phot 9ho @v4. Phot9ho t+In! C. Phot9ho @en o. TFt c" @h, @Nn!
16