Professional Documents
Culture Documents
TRNG I HC KINH T
KHOA K TON TI CHNH
BI TP LN
Lp:
PT BCTC N02
Nhm:
01
Hu, 5/ 2014
MC LC
PHN I. T VN 1
1. L do chn ti ...................................................................................... 1
2. Mc ch nghin cu ti ...................................................................... 1
3. i tng nghin cu ............................................................................... 2
4. Phm vi nghin cu .................................................................................. 2
5. Phng php nghin cu .......................................................................... 2
6. Kt cu chuyn .................................................................................... 3
DANH MC CC CH VIT TT
BCTC
Bo co ti chnh
DTT
DT
Doanh thu
GVHB
Gi vn hng bn
HTK
Hng tn kho
TSC
Ti sn c nh
TSNH
Ti sn ngn hn
TSDH
Ti sn di hn
SXKD
Bng 1.1. Bng phn tch c cu ti sn chi tit CTCP Vinamilk nm 2013
Bng 1.2. C cu ti sn ca Vinamilk v Hanoimilk
Bng 1.3. C cu ngun vn CTCP Vinamilk 2013
Bng 1.4. C cu ngun vn ca Vinamilk v Hanoimilk
Bng 1.5. Bo co kt qu SXKD ca CTCP Vinamilk
Bng 1.6. Phn tch dc BCKQKD
Bng 1.7. Phn tch xu hng CTCP Vinamilk
Bng 1.8. Bo co lu chuyn tin t ring CTCP Vinamilk cho nm kt thc ngy
31/12/2013
Bng 1.9. Phn tch tch tnh thanh khon ca ti sn v kh nng thanh ton n ngn
hn ca CTCP Vinamilk
Bng 1.10. Phn tch ch s v hiu qu qun l v s dng ti sn ca CTCP
Vinamilk
Bng 1.11. Phn tch s tin tit kim (lng ph) do thay i k lun chuyn TSNH
Bng 1.12. Phn tch ch s v kh nng thanh ton n di hn ca CTCP Vinamilk
Bng 1.13. Bng c cu ngun vn CTCP Vinamilk qua 3 nm
Bng 1.14. Tnh ton Li nhun gp bin v Li nhun rng bin ca CTCP Vinamilk
nm 2012 - 2013
Bng 1.15.Phn tch kh nng sinh li
Bng 1.16. Phn tch Dupont ROA
Bng 1.17. Phn tch Dupont ROE
Bng 1.18. Phn tch cc ch s v th trng ca CTCP Vinamilk nm 2012 - 2013
DANH MC S
S 1.1. C cu t chc CTCP Vinamilk
S 1.2. T chc v c cu qun l ca CTCP Vinamilk
PHN I. T VN
1. L do chn ti
Hot ng ti chnh c mi quan h trc tip vi hot ng SXKD. Do , tt
c cc hot ng SXKD u c nh hng n tnh hnh ti chnh ca doanh nghip.
Ngc li, tnh hnh ti chnh tt hay xu u c tc ng thc y hoc km hm i
vi qu trnh SXKD.
Cc BCTC phn nh kt qu v tnh hnh thc hin cc mt hot ng ca
doanh nghip bng cc ch tiu kinh t. Nhng bo co ny nhm mc ch cung cp
thng tin v kt qa v hnh ti chnh ca doanh nghip cho nhng i tng c nhu
cu s dng thng tin nh: Cc nh qun l, ch s hu, cc nh ti tr t bn
ngoi, khch hng, nh u t tng lai, cc c quan chc nng...Mi i tng ny
quan tm n tnh hnh ti chnh ca doanh nghip cc gc khc nhau. Song nhn
chung h u quan tm n hiu qu kinh doanh, kh nng sinh li, kh nng thanh
ton v mc li nhun ti aV vy, vic thng xuyn tin hnh phn tch tnh hnh
ti chnh s gip cho cc i tng s dng thng tin thy r thc trng hot ng ti
chnh, xc nh y , ng n nguyn nhn mc nh hng ca cc nhn t n
tnh hnh ti chnh, t gip ngi s dng nh gi, d on v ra quyt nh cho
tng lai mt cch c hiu qu, p ng nhu cu thng tin a dng ca ngi dng.
Xut pht t nhn thc v tm quan trng ca vic phn tch ti chnh thng
qua h thng BCTC, em chn ti: Phn tch BCTC ca cng ty C phn Sa
Vit Nam Vinamilk.
2. Mc ch nghin cu ti
C hai mc ch hoc mc tiu trung gian trong phn tch BCTC, ng thi l
mi quan tm cho mi nh phn tch thng minh.
Th nht, mc tiu ban u ca vic phn tch BCTC l nhm "hiu c
cc con s" hoc "nm chc cc con s", tc l s dng cc cng c phn tch ti
chnh nh l mt phng tin h tr hiu r cc s liu ti chnh trong bo co.
Nh vy, ngi ta c th a ra nhiu bin php phn tch khc nhau nhm miu t
nhng quan h c nhiu ngha v cht lc thng tin t cc d liu ban u.
3. i tng nghin cu
Cc BCTC nm 2013 ca Cng ty C phn Sa Vit Nam, l:
-
Bng cn i k ton
Bo co kt qu kinh doanh
Bo co lu chuyn tin t
4. Phm vi nghin cu
Bi tp ny ch trng vo nghin cu trong lnh vc ti chnh doanh nghip.
Song song l vic tm hiu v hot ng kinh doanh v lnh vc ti chnh k
ton qua mt s sch, gio trnh c lin quan n hot ng ti chnh.
6. Kt cu chuyn
PHN I: T VN
PHN II: NI DUNG V KT QU NGHIN CU
PHN III: KT LUN V KIN NGH
Chi nhnh H NI
Nh
my
sa
Thng
Nht
Nh
my
sa
Trng
Th
Nh
my
sa
Si
Gn
Nh
my
sa H
Ni
Nh
my
sa
Cn
Th
Chi nhnh CN TH
Nh
my
sa
Bnh
nh
Nh
my
sa
Ngh
An
X
nghip
kho vn
Nh ca v vt kin trc
10 50 nm
My mc v thit b
8 10 nm
10 nm
Thit b vn phng
3 8 nm
Cc khon tng
nh ca v vt kin trc 10 50 nm
my mc v thit b 8 10 nm
thit b vn phng 3 8 nm
10 nm
(g) Ti sn c nh v hnh
(i) Quyn s dng t
Quyn s dng t c thi hn xc nh c th hin theo nguyn gi tr gi tr
hao mn ly k.
Nguyn gi ban u ca quyn s dng t bao gm gi mua v cc chi ph lin quan
trc tip ti vic c c quyn s dng t. Khu hao c tnh theo phng php
ng thng trong thi hn hiu lc ca giy chng nhn quyn s dng t.
Quyn s dng t khng thi hn xc nh c th hin theo nguyn gi v khng
tnh khu hao.
10
11
12
13
14
15
Thu thu nhp doanh nghip tnh trn li nhun hoc l ca nm bao gm thu thu
nhp hin hnh v thu thu nhp hon li. Thu thu nhp doanh nghip c ghi
nhn trong bo co kt qu hot ng kinh doanh ring ngoi tr trng hp c cc
khon thu thu nhp lin quan n cc khon mc c ghi nhn thng vo vn ch
s hu, th khi cc thu thu nhp ny cng c ghi nhn thng vo vn ch s
hu.
Thu thu nhp hin hnh l khon thu d kin phi np da trn thu nhp chu thu
trong nm, s dng cc mc thu sut c hiu lc ti ngy kt thc nin k ton, v
cc khon iu chnh thu phi np lin quan n nhng nm trc.
Thu thu nhp hon li c tnh theo phng php bng cn i k ton cho cc
chnh lch tm thi gia gi tr ghi s cho mc ch bo co ti chnh v gi tr s
dng cho mc ch tnh thu ca cc khon mc ti sn v n phi tr. Gi tr ca thu
thu nhp hon li c ghi nhn da trn cch thc d kin thu hi hoc thanh ton
gi tr ghi s ca cc khon mc ti sn v n phi tr s dng cc mc thu sut c
hiu lc hoc c bn c hiu lc ti ngy kt thc nin k ton.
Ti sn thu thu nhp hon li ch c ghi nhn trong phm vi chc chn c li
nhun tnh thu trong tng lai ti sn thu thu nhp ny c th s dng c.
Ti sn thu thu nhp hon li c ghi gim trong phm vi khng cn chc chn
l cc li ch v thu lin quan ny s s dng c.
(o) Vn c phn v c phiu qu
Vn ch s hu bao gm cc c phn c pht hnh. Cc chi ph lin quan trc tip
n vic pht hnh thm c phn hoc quyn chn c tr vo s tin thu c do
bn c phn.
C phiu qu l c phiu ca Cng ty pht hnh v c Cng ty mua li. Khon
tin tr mua c phiu, bao gm cc chi ph c lin quan trc tip, c tr vo
vn ch s hu n khi cc c phiu qu c hy b hoc c ti pht hnh. S
tin thu do ti pht hnh hoc bn c phiu qu tr i cc chi ph lin quan trc tip
n vic ti pht hnh hay bn c phiu qu c tnh vo phn vn ch s hu.
(p) Doanh thu
16
Phn ln ri ro v li ch gn lin vi
quyn s hu ch c chuyn giao cho ngi mua khi hon thnh giao dch (i
17
vi chng khon nim yt) hoc khi hon thnh hp ng chuyn nhng ti
sn (i vi chng khon cha nim yt).
(r) Cc khon thanh ton thu hot ng
Cc khon thanh ton thu hot ng c ghi nhn trong bo co kt qu hot
ng kinh doanh ring theo phng php ng thng da vo thi hn ca hp ng
thu.
Qu d phng ti chnh
Cng ty ngng trch lp qu d phng ti chnh khi s tin trong qu t 10% trn
vn iu l. Vic s dng cc qu ni trn phi c s ph duyt ca Hi ng C
ng, Ban iu hnh, hocTng Gim c ty thuc vo bn cht v qui m ca
nghip v c nu trong iu l v Quy ch Qun l Ti chnh ca Cng ty.
(u) Li trn c phiu
Cng ty trnh by li c bn v li suy gim trn c phiu (EPS) cho cc c phiu ph
thng. Li c bn trn c phiu c tnh bng cch ly li hoc l thuc v c ng
ph thng ca Cng ty chia cho s lng c phiu ph thng bnh qun gia quyn
lu hnh trong nm. Li suy gim trn c phiu c xc nh bng cch iu chnh
18
19
100%
90% 40,38%
43,26%
44,61%
80%
70%
60%
Ti sn di hn
50%
Ti sn ngn hn
40%
30%
59,62%
55,39%
56,74%
20%
10%
0%
31/12/2011
31/12/2012
31/12/2013
20
Bng 1.1. BNG PHN TCH C CU TI SN CHI TIT CTCP SA VIT NAM VINAMILK NM 2013
Ch tiu
A. TI SN NGN HN
Cui nm
S tin
u nm
T trng%
S tin
Cui nm so vi u nm
T trng%
S tn
T l%
T trng%
12.415.938.573.034
56,74%
10.957.605.189.780
55,39%
1.458.333.383.254
13,31%
1,35%
2.649.635.556.014
12,11%
1.224.462.285.364
6,19%
1.425.173.270.650
116,39%
5,92%
Tin
1.349.635.556.014
6,17%
824.462.285.364
4,17%
525.173.270.650
63,70%
2,00%
1.300.000.000.000
5,94%
400.000.000.000
2,02%
900.000.000.000
225,00%
3,92%
4.167.317.622.318
19,04%
3.909.275.954.492
19,76%
258.041.667.826
6,60%
-0,72%
Cc khon u t ngn hn
4.313.292.575.718
19,71%
4.039.304.630.112
20,42%
273.987.945.606
6,78%
-0,71%
-145.974.953.400
-0,67%
-130.028.675.620
-0,66%
-15.946.277.780
12,26%
-0,01%
2.449.900.290.879
11,20%
2.238.818.141.954
11,32%
211.082.148.925
9,43%
-0,12%
1.739.619.472.317
7,95%
1.274.574.429.461
6,44%
465.045.042.856
36,49%
1,51%
305.461.174.876
1,40%
550.939.005.745
2,78%
-245.477.830.869
-44,56%
-1,39%
406.739.802.657
1,86%
417.136.879.198
2,11%
-10.397.076.541
-2,49%
-0,25%
-1.920.158.971
-0,01%
-3.832.172.450
-0,02%
1.912.013.479
-49,89%
0,01%
3.016.748.244.786
13,79%
3.357.506.580.186
16,97%
-340.758.335.400
-10,15%
-3,19%
Hng tn kho
3.027.125.150.330
13,83%
3.360.961.745.571
16,99%
-333.836.595.241
-9,93%
-3,16%
-10.376.905.544
-0,05%
-3.455.165.385
-0,02%
-6.921.740.159
200,33%
-0,03%
V. Ti sn ngn hn khc
132.336.859.037
0,60%
227.542.227.784
1,15%
-95.205.368.747
-41,84%
-0,55%
115.212.816.603
0,53%
70.612.136.982
0,36%
44.600.679.621
63,16%
0,17%
16.079.608.608
0,07%
154.117.902.324
0,78%
-138.038.293.716
-89,57%
-0,71%
1.044.433.826
0,00%
2.812.188.478
0,01%
-1.767.754.652
-62,86%
-0,01%
21
B. TI SN DI HN
9.466.984.212.085
43,26%
8.825.031.622.819
44,61%
641.952.589.266
736.666.667
0,00%
0,00%
736.666.667
0,00%
736.666.667
0,00%
0,00%
736.666.667
0,00%
II. Ti sn c nh
7.634.662.008.779
34,89%
7.446.795.167.863
37,64%
187.866.840.916
2,52%
-2,75%
TSC hu hnh
7.075.948.185.947
32,34%
3.748.756.576.222
18,95%
3.327.191.609.725
88,75%
13,39%
Nguyn gi
9.785.029.845.569
44,72%
5.844.850.660.156
29,55%
3.940.179.185.413
67,41%
15,17%
-2.709.081.659.622
-12,38%
-2.096.094.083.934
-10,60%
-612.987.575.688
29,24%
-1,78%
TSC v hnh
298.010.933.176
1,36%
207.666.924.724
1,05%
90.344.008.452
43,50%
0,31%
Nguyn gi
409.324.240.376
1,87%
309.274.097.560
1,56%
100.050.142.816
32,35%
0,31%
-111.313.307.200
-0,51%
-101.607.172.836
-0,51%
-9.706.134.364
9,55%
0,00%
Xy dng c bn d dang
260.702.889.656
1,19%
3.490.371.666.917
17,64%
-3.229.668.777.261
-92,53%
-16,45%
III. Bt ng sn u t
106.022.395.521
0,48%
69.225.239.090
0,35%
36.797.156.431
53,16%
0,13%
Nguyn gi
132.849.190.358
0,61%
90.177.337.460
0,46%
42.671.852.898
47,32%
0,15%
Gi tr hao mn ly k
-26.826.794.837
-0,12%
-20.952.098.370
-0,11%
-5.874.696.467
28,04%
-0,02%
chnh di hn
1.474.193.337.749
6,74%
1.182.017.661.007
5,98%
292.175.676.742
24,72%
0,76%
u t vo cng ty con
1.355.850.560.000
6,20%
1.078.318.014.080
5,45%
277.532.545.920
25,74%
0,75%
239.010.992.596
1,09%
214.466.955.551
1,08%
24.544.037.045
11,44%
0,01%
21.977.078.220
0,10%
80.840.000.000
0,41%
-58.862.921.780
-72,81%
-0,31%
-142.645.293.067
-0,65%
-191.607.308.624
-0,97%
48.962.015.557
-25,55%
0,32%
V. Ti sn di hn khc
251.369.803.369
1,15%
126.993.554.859
0,64%
124.376.248.510
97,94%
0,51%
Chi ph tr trc di hn
134.992.760.729
0,62%
17.915.187.787
0,09%
117.077.572.942
653,51%
0,53%
115.300.622.640
0,53%
108.001.947.072
0,55%
7.298.675.568
6,76%
-0,02%
1.076.420.000
0,00%
1.076.420.000
0,01%
0,00%
0,00%
21.882.922.785.119
100,00%
19.782.636.812.599
100,00%
2.100.285.972.520
10,62%
0,00%
Gi tr hao mn ly k
Gi tr hao mn ly k
7,27%
-1,35%
IV. Cc khon u t ti
Ti sn di hn khc
TNG TI SN
22
Ti sn ngn hn
Tin v cc khon tng ng tin
23
Ti sn c nh
24
Cc khon u t ti chnh di hn
25
HANOIMILK
T
S tin
n v: VND
trng%
S tin
T trng%
12.415.938.573.034
56,74%
117.393.866.851
51,55%
2.649.635.556.014
12,11%
2.238.560.090
0,98%
4.167.317.622.318
19,04%
115.200.000
0,05%
hn
2.449.900.290.879
11,20%
84.039.040.544
36,90%
3.016.748.244.786
13,79%
18.269.012.801
8,02%
132.336.859.037
0,60%
12.732.053.416
5,59%
9.466.984.212.085
43,26%
110.338.143.075
48,45%
736.666.667
0,00%
0,00%
7.634.662.008.779
34,89%
72.500.534.135
31,84%
106.022.395.521
0,48%
0,00%
1.474.193.337.749
6,74%
27.000.000.000
11,86%
251.369.803.369
1,15%
10.873.608.940
4,77%
21.882.922.785.119
100,00%
227.732.009.926
100,00%
V. Ti sn ngn hn khc
B. Ti sn di hn
I. Cc khon phi thu di hn
II. Ti sn c nh
III. Bt ng sn u t
IV. Cc khon u t ti
chnh di hn
V. Ti sn di hn khc
TNG TI SN
26
27
nhiu cc cng ty con, v hot ng kinh doanh hng nm ca cng ty lun bin ng
theo xu hng tt.
Vy kt lun: Tnh hnh s dng ti sn ca cng ty Vinamilk tt hn so vi
cng ty Hanoimilk.
1.2.2. Phn tch c cu v bin ng ngun vn
1.2.2.1. Phn tch khi qut
28
S tin
u nm
T trng
%
S tin
Cui nm so vi u nm
T trng
%
S tn
T l %
T trng
%
N PHI TR
4.498.115.839.593
20,56%
4.388.182.540.872
22,18%
109.933.298.721
2,51%
-1,63%
N ngn hn
4.427.923.145.335
20,23%
4.328.837.208.960
21,88%
99.085.936.375
2,29%
-1,65%
Phi tr ngi bn
1.758.323.135.506
8,04%
2.442.335.842.075
12,35%
-684.012.706.569
-28,01%
-4,31%
18.713.599.852
0,09%
21.589.364.414
0,11%
-2.875.764.562
-13,32%
-0,02%
455.641.139.360
2,08%
331.870.328.102
1,68%
123.770.811.258
37,29%
0,40%
130.474.291.268
0,60%
100.460.928.431
0,51%
30.013.362.837
29,88%
0,09%
Chi ph phi tr
452.019.954.359
2,07%
364.013.161.247
1,84%
88.006.793.112
24,18%
0,23%
1.255.411.806.799
5,74%
662.625.268.582
3,35%
592.786.538.217
89,46%
2,39%
357.339.218.191
1,63%
405.942.316.109
2,05%
-48.603.097.918
-11,97%
-0,42%
N di hn
70.192.694.258
0,32%
59.345.331.912
0,30%
10.847.362.346
18,28%
0,02%
69.357.318.250
0,32%
59.325.269.500
0,30%
10.032.048.750
16,91%
0,02%
835.376.008
0,00%
20.062.412
0,00%
815.313.596
4063,89%
0,00%
VN CH S HU
17.384.806.945.526
79,44%
15.394.454.271.727
77,82%
1.990.352.673.799
12,93%
1,63%
Vn ch s hu
17.384.806.945.526
79,44%
15.394.454.271.727
77,82%
1.990.352.673.799
12,93%
1,63%
Vn c phn
8.339.557.960.000
38,11%
8.339.557.960.000
42,16%
0,00%
-4,05%
Thng d vn c phn
1.276.994.100.000
5,84%
1.276.994.100.000
6,46%
0,00%
-0,62%
-5.068.507.959
-0,02%
-4.504.115.000
-0,02%
-564.392.959
12,53%
0,00%
Qu u t pht trin
950.237.983.612
4,34%
93.889.017.729
0,47%
856.348.965.883
912,09%
3,87%
Qu d phng ti chnh
833.955.796.000
3,81%
588.402.022.008
2,97%
245.553.773.992
41,73%
0,84%
5.989.129.613.873
27,37%
5.100.115.286.990
25,78%
889.014.326.883
17,43%
1,59%
21.882.922.785.119
100,00%
19.782.636.812.599
100,00%
2.100.285.972.520
10,62%
0,00%
C phiu qu
29
30
ngn hng trong tng lai. Vic chuyn nhng ny ch c hiu lc khi c s ph
duyt ca i hi ng C ng hoc Hi ng Qun tr v cc c ng sng lp ca
ngn hng ny; hoc sau 5 nm k t ngy thnh lp ngn hng ny, ty theo s kin
no xy ra trc. Nhng c th thy rng cng ty ang tng kh nng chim dng vn
.
i vi vn ch s hu
Vn ch s hu chim t trng cao trong tng ngun vn ca doanh
nghip, ng vai tr lm tr ct trong c cu ngun vn.
Nhn vo bng phn tch ta cng c th thy c vn ch s hu trong
nm 2013 c nhiu bin ng. Bin ng ln nht thuc v Qu u t pht trin, tng
856 t, chim t trng 3,87% trong tng ngun vn.
Tip n l bin ng tng ca Li nhun cha phn phi, tng 889 t,
chim t trng 1,59% trong tng ngun vn.
Bn cnh , qu d phng ti chnh cng bin ng tng t 588 t ng
u nm 2013 ln 833 t ng vo cui nm 2013, tc l tng 245 t ng, tng ng
tc tng 41,73%, chim t trng l 0,84% trong tng ngun vn.
Ngc li, vn c phn v thng d vn c phn li khng c s bin ng
ng k no trong nm 2013.
Nguyn nhn ca s bin ng tng ca cc qu u t pht trin, Qu d
phng ti chnh v li nhun cha phn phi c gii thch r trong Bo co Hot
ng ca Hi ng qun tr nm 2013. C th nh sau:
Qu u t pht trin tng do 10% Li nhun sau thu Cng ty m tng
ng vi 647.209.361.706 ng, v thu TNDN c min gim lm tng qu u t
pht trin (theo CV s 499/Ti chnh/TCDN ngy 16/01/2002 ca B Ti chnh) l
209.116.769.177 ng.
Qu d phng ti chnh ch trch lp cho n khi bng 10% vn iu l.
31
32
Ti ngy 31/12/2013
Ch tiu
VINAMILK
S tin
HANOIMILK
T trng%
S tin
T trng%
N PHI TR
4.498.115.839.593,00
20,56%
93.724.800.426,00
41,16%
N ngn hn
4.427.923.145.335,00
20,23%
93.724.800.426,00
41,16%
0,00
0,00%
50.225.271.396,00
22,05%
1.758.323.135.506,00
8,04%
26.655.754.229,00
11,70%
18.713.599.852,00
0,09%
921.446.396,00
0,40%
455.641.139.360,00
2,08%
8.664.488.689,00
3,80%
130.474.291.268,00
0,60%
2.550.570.698,00
1,12%
Chi ph phi tr
452.019.954.359,00
2,07%
1.664.895.460,00
0,73%
1.255.411.806.799,00
5,74%
3.042.373.557,00
1,34%
357.339.218.191,00
1,63%
0,00
0,00%
70.192.694.258,00
0,32%
0,00
0,00%
0,00
0,00%
0,00
0,00%
69.357.318.250,00
0,32%
0,00
0,00%
835.376.008,00
0,00%
0,00
0,00%
VN CH S HU
17.384.806.945.526,00
79,44%
134.007.209.500,00
58,84%
Vn ch s hu
17.384.806.945.526,00
79,44%
134.007.209.500,00
58,84%
Vn c phn
8.339.557.960.000,00
38,11%
125.000.000.000,00
54,89%
Thng d vn c phn
1.276.994.100.000,00
5,84%
0,00
0,00%
-5.068.507.959,00
-0,02%
0,00
0,00%
Qu u t pht trin
950.237.983.612,00
4,34%
3.817.286.084,00
1,68%
Qu d phng ti chnh
833.955.796.000,00
3,81%
1.160.418.827,00
0,51%
5.989.129.613.873,00
27,37%
4.029.504.589,00
1,77%
21.882.922.785.119,00
100,00%
227.732.009.926,00
100,00%
Vay v n ngn hn
Phi tr ngi bn
Ngi mua tr tin trc
C phiu qu
33
1.2.3. Phn tch kt qu kinh doanh thng qua Bo co kt qu kinh doanh v Bo co lu chuyn tin t
1.2.3.1. Phn tch kt qu kinh doanh thng qua Bo co kt qu kinh doanh
Bng 1.5. Bo co kt qu SXKD ca CTCP Vinamilk
Nm 2013
Nm 2012
VN
Tng doanh thu
VN
Chnh lch
%
VN
T l %
T trng %
31.764.198.288.076
100,00
27.337.224.229.674
100,00
4.426.974.058.402
16,19%
0,00
637.359.436.066
2,01
540.109.559.314
1,98
97.249.876.752
18,01%
0,03
31.126.838.852.010
97,99
26.797.114.670.360
98,02
4.329.724.181.650
16,16%
-0,03
GVHB
20.013.586.199.305
63,01
17.741.665.254.788
64,90
2.271.920.944.517
12,81%
-1,89
Li nhun gp
11.113.252.652.705
34,99
9.055.449.415.572
33,12
2.057.803.237.133
22,72%
1,86
505.980.596.858
1,59
473.821.303.235
1,73
32.159.293.623
6,79%
-0,14
89.593.264.933
0,28
99.310.955.433
0,36
-9.717.690.500
-9,79%
-0,08
0,00
3.114.521.306
0,01
-3.114.521.306
-100,00%
-0,01
3.276.513.761.576
10,32
2.345.841.736.875
8,58
930.672.024.701
39,67%
1,73
564.036.706.634
1,78
484.293.406.112
1,77
79.743.300.522
16,47%
0,00
7.689.089.516.420
24,21
6.599.824.620.387
24,14
1.089.264.896.033
16,50%
0,06
355.617.732.974
1,12
461.722.348.837
1,69
-106.104.615.863
-22,98%
-0,57
98.008.656.518
0,31
174.201.501.862
0,64
-76.192.845.344
-43,74%
-0,33
257.609.076.456
0,81
287.520.846.975
1,05
-29.911.770.519
-10,40%
-0,24
7.946.698.592.876
25,02
6.887.345.467.362
25,19
1.059.353.125.514
15,38%
-0,18
1.481.903.651.380
4,67
1.134.149.728.389
4,15
347.753.922.991
30,66%
0,52
7.298.675.568
0,02
32.673.668.012
0,12
-25.374.992.444
-77,66%
-0,10
6.472.093.617.064
20,38
5.785.869.406.985
21,16
686.224.210.079
11,86%
-0,79
7.765
0,00
6.940
0,00
825
11,89%
0,00
Cc khon gim tr
34
tc tng 22,72%.
o
tc tng 6,79 % nguyn nhn l do vic tng li t tin gi, li tri phiu, c tc v
phn chnh lch gi c hng.
o
ng vi tc gim 9,79%.
o
16,47%.
o
ch yu l gim thu t thanh l TSC ngoi ra th cng gim cc ngun thu t thanh l
xy dng c bn d dang hay h tr t nh cung cp.
o
35
Phn tch dc
Bng 1.6. Phn tch dc BCKQKD
Ch tiu
T l (%)
Nm 2013 Nm 2012
GVHB
63,01
64,90
-1,89
Chi ph ti chnh
0,28
0,36
-0,08
Chi ph bn hng
10,32
8,58
1,73
Chi ph QLDN
1,77
1,77
0,00
Li nhun khc
0,81
1,05
-0,24
4,67
4,15
0,52
20,38
21,16
-0,79
36
ph phc v cho cng tc tiu th, to iu kin cho cng ty nng cao sc cnh tranh
trn th trng.
Tuy nhin, so vi tng quy m DT th t l li nhun thun trn DT nm 2013
vn nh hn nm 2012.
Phn tch xu hng
Thng tin li nhun ca Vinamilk cho cc nm ti chnh t 2009 2013
n v tnh: t ng.
Ly nm 2009 lm mc 100%
Bng 1.7. Phn tch xu hng CTCP Vinamilk
2009
DTT
2010
2011
2012
2013
GVHB
GVHB
Li nhun gp
350
292,29
300
250
225,28
261,78
251,64
204,91
200
150
295,31
287,01
233,86
157,53
Gi vn hng bn
148,79
169,27
Li nhun gp
133,47
100
100
50
0
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
37
38
BNG 1.8 . BO CO LU CHUYN TIN T RING CTCP VINAMILK CHO NM KT THC NGY 31/12/2013
CH TIU
Nm 2013
Nm 2012
7.946.698.592.876
6.887.345.467.362
1.059.353.125.514
15,38%
703.756.978.549
468.009.085.448
235.747.893.101
50,37%
Cc khon d phng
26.725.432.688
-26.888.466.733
53.613.899.421
-199,39%
13.064.625.014
23.750.178.315
-10.685.553.301
-44,99%
768.553.751
16.211.378.966
-15.442.825.215
-95,26%
-416.120.992.444
-361.491.145.639
-54.629.846.805
15,11%
3.408.284.633
22.862.076.397
-19.453.791.764
-85,09%
3.114.521.306
-3.114.521.306
-100,00%
8.278.301.475.067
7.032.913.095.422
1.245.388.379.645
17,71%
76.773.842.125
-214.726.376.536
291.500.218.661
-135,75%
327.703.928.296
-171.024.836.854
498.728.765.150
-291,61%
-507.226.934.283
360.546.614.153
-867.773.548.436
-240,68%
-41.809.381.072
-15.388.438.295
-26.420.942.777
171,69%
8.133.742.930.133
6.992.320.057.890
1.141.422.872.243
16,32%
-3.114.521.306
3.114.521.306
-100,00%
-1.398.018.166.940
-1.070.582.780.405
-327.435.386.535
30,58%
20.984.913.520
3.704.175.480
17.280.738.040
466,52%
-691.211.993.304
-519.123.925.601
-172.088.067.703
33,15%
6.065.497.683.409
5.403.203.006.058
662.294.677.351
12,26%
L t thanh l TSC
Thu nhp li & c tc
L t hot ng u t khc
Chi ph li vay
Li nhun t hot ng kinh doanh trc thay i ca vn
lu ng
Bin ng cc khon phi thu
Bin ng HTK
Bin ng cc khon phi tr
Tng (gim) cc chi ph tr trc
Tin li vay tr
Thu TNDN np
39
-1.188.180.709.199
-3.014.661.801.278
1.826.481.092.079
-60,59%
30.479.227.108
72.596.622.927
-42.117.395.819
-58,02%
-30.000.000.000
30.000.000.000
-100,00%
-623.100.000.000
-2.536.900.000.000
1.913.800.000.000
-75,44%
4.531.896.380
70.114.387.315
-65.582.490.935
-93,54%
18.000.000.000
-18.000.000.000
-100,00%
30.000.000.000
30.000.000.000
-515.763.867.770
-254.900.000.000
-260.863.867.770
102,34%
350.000.000.000
250.000.000.000
100.000.000.000
40,00%
133.786.051.481
133.786.051.481
306.351.954.041
370.876.064.573
-64.524.110.532
-17,40%
-1.471.895.447.959
-5.054.874.726.463
3.582.979.278.504
-70,88%
-525.442.959
-1.982.321.000
1.456.878.041
-73,49%
Tin tr c tc
-3.167.235.049.800
-2.222.994.056.000
-944.240.993.800
42,48%
-3.167.760.492.759
-2.224.976.377.000
-942.784.115.759
42,37%
1.425.841.742.691
-1.876.648.097.405
3.302.489.840.096
-175,98%
1.224.462.285.364
3.101.435.901.849
-1.876.973.616.485
-60,52%
-668.472.041
-325.519.080
-342.952.961
105,36%
2.649.635.556.014
1.224.462.285.364
1.425.173.270.650
116,39%
40
1.2.3.2 Phn tch tnh hnh ti chnh thng qua bo co lu chuyn tin t
Ngn lu rng t hot ng kinh doanh ln v tng dn theo tng nm:
Nm 2013: 6.065.497.683.409
Nm 2012: 5.403.203.006.058
Nhn xt: Ngn lu rng t hot ng kinh doanh tng dn theo tng nm (gp
phn ln nht vo cc phn li nhun) chng t tnh hnh kinh doanh ca cng ty rt
tt, tin thu v t hot ng kinh doanh ln v ngun ti chnh ca cng ty di do.
Nm 2013: -1.471.895.447.959
Nm 2012: -5.054.874.726.463
Nm 2013: -3.167.760.492.759
Nm 2012: -2.224.976.377.000
41
42
Cui nm
u nm Chnh lch
T l
4,86
4,51
0,36
7,91%
2,80
2,53
0,27
10,77%
2,12
1,76
0,37
20,90%
0,60
0,28
0,32
111,55%
0,21
0,11
0,10
90,98%
0,24
0,31
-0,06
-20,70%
S ln hon tr li vay
- 2.212,37
-2.212,37 -100,00%
43
44
45
5,00
4,86
4,51
H s kh nng thanh ton
chung
4,00
2,80
2,53
2,12
2,00
1,76
1,00
0,60
0,21
0,28
0,11
0,00
Nm 2013
Nm 2012
Biu 1.4. Cc ch tiu thanh ton ngn hn ca CTCP Vinamilk nm 2012 -2013
46
2,50
2,12
2,00
1,50
1,30
Vinamilk nm 2013
Hanoimilk nm 2013
0,90
1,00
0,60
0,50
0,00
H s kh nng thanh
ton nhanh
H s kh nng thanh
ton tc thi
40,00
Hanoimilk
30,00
20,00
10,00
13,28
1,49 1,1
6,28 5,1
5,5
0
0,00
S vng quay ti S vng quay S vng quay cc Thi gian quay
sn ( Ln)
ca hng tn khon phi thu vng cc khon
kho (ngy)
(ngy)
phi tr (ngy)
47
Cui nm
u nm
chnh lch
T l
1,49
1,52
-0,02
-1,46%
0,67
0,66
0,01
1,48%
2,66
2,65
0,02
0,57%
135,16
135,93
-0,77
-0,57%
6,28
5,42
0,86
15,81%
S ngy d tr HTK
57,33
66,40
-9,07
-13,66%
13,28
12,28
1,00
8,16%
27,11
29,33
-2,21
-7,54%
4,49
4,89
-0,40
-8,16%
80,12
73,58
6,54
8,89%
Sc sn xut ca TSDH
3,40
3,55
-0,14
-4,05%
Sc sn xut ca TSC
4,13
4,46
-0,33
-7,44%
S vng quay ca ti sn
TAT
s dng ti sn
Sut hao ph ca ti sn
chung
s dng TSNH
phi thu
K thu tin bnh qun
(DOS)
S vng lun chuyn cc
khon phi tr
Thi gian quay vng ca
cc khon phi tr
48
Theo bng tnh ton th trong nm 2013, s vng quay ca TSNH l 2,66 ngha
l trong k TSNH quay c 2,66 vng.Ch tiu tng ln so vi trong nm 2012, c
th t 2,65 vng nm 2012 ln 2,66 vng nm 2013, tng gn 0,02 vng, ng vi mc
tng tng i 0,57 %. Nhng con s ny cho thy rng nm 2013 TSNH vn ng
nhanh hn, to ra lng DT ln hn. C th ta thy rng tc tng ca tng DT l
16,16% % nhanh hn so vi tc tng ca TSNH bnh qun ( 15,50%).
49
Ch tiu
VT
DTT
Nm 2013
Nm 2012
T l
%
S d bnh qun v
TSNH
Vng quay TSNH
vng
2,66
2,65
0,57%
ngy
135,16
135,93
-0,57%
V Tsnh
vng
-0,36
V dt
vng
0,37
K Tsnh
ngy
-114,86
K dt
ngy
114,09
ST (+-)
-57.233.520.826,41
Ch tiu ny cho bit trong k vn u t cho vng tn kho c quay vng bao
nhiu ln, ch tiu ny cng cao chng t HTK vn ng khng ngng, gp phn nng
cao nng sut, tng DT.
Kt qu tnh ton cho thy trong nm 2013, s vng quay ca HTK tng ln so
vi trong nm 2012, t 5,42 vng nm 2012 ln 6.28 vng nm 2013. Nguyn nhn l
do tc tng ca tng GVHB nhanh hn so vi tc tng ca HTK bnh qun.
GVHB tng 12,81% trong khi HTK bnh qun gim 2,60%. iu ny chng t trong
50
nm 2013 tp on y mnh vic sn xut, tiu th sn phm, nng cao nng sut,
quay vng vn nhanh hn cho ti sn xut, trnh vic ng vn trong HTK.
Ch tiu ny c tnh bng cch ly s ngy trong k chia cho s vng quay
HTK.
T bng s liu ta thy nm 2013, thi gian lu kho bnh qun l 57,33 ngy,
gim 9,07 ngy so vi thi gian lu kho bnh qun nm 2012. Tc l thi gian t lc
bt u nhp kho cho n lc bn c hng gim i gip cho cng ty t chu thm chi
ph lu kho, to iu kin h thp gi thnh sn phm, gip cho cng ty tha mn cc
nhu cu sn xut v nng cao hiu qu kinh doanh. Hn na, do c th l ngnh sa
nn c th lm gim lng HTK hng.
Ch tiu ny c tnh bng cch ly DTT chi cho cc khon phi thu bnh
qun.
Theo s liu tnh ton c, nm 2013, cc khon phi thu quay c 13,28
vng. Tc l tng 1 vng so vi nm 2012. iu ny chng t, cng ty thu hi tin
hng kp thi, t b chim dng vn, bn c hng v c sn tin mt, d thanh ton.
Tuy nhin ch tiu ny cao qu c th chnh sch bn chu ca cng ty qu cht ch,
khi s nh hng n DT.
51
Sc sn xut ca TSDH
=
Sc sn xut ca ti sn c nh
=
52
Ch tiu
2013
N phi tr/ vn ch s
Chnh lch
2012
T l
0,26
0,29
-0,03
-9,23%
134,87
148,71
-13,84
-9,30%
0,21
0,22
-0,02
-7,33%
0,00
0,00
0,00
6,93%
0,02
0,01
0,00
15,39%
2.572,46
-2.572,46
-100,00%
hu
H s kh nng thanh
ton n di hn tng
qut
H s n
H s n di hn so vi
tng ti sn
H s n di hn so vi
tng n phi tr
S ln thanh ton li
vay di hn
31/12/2013 so vi 31/12/2012
31/12/2012
T trng
%
(2)
S tin
(3)
T trng
%
(4)
S tin
t l %
(5=1-3)
(6=5/3)
T trng
%
(7=2-4)
1. N phi tr
4.498.115.839.593
20,56%
4.388.182.540.872
22,18%
109.933.298.721
2,51%
-1,63%
N ngn hn
4.427.923.145.335
20,23%
4.328.837.208.960
21,88%
99.085.936.375
2,29%
-1,65%
70.192.694.258
0,32%
59.345.331.912
0,30%
10.847.362.346
18,28%
0,02%
17.384.806.945.526
79,44%
15.394.454.271.727
77,82%
1.990.352.673.799
12,93%
1,63%
21.882.922.785.119
100,00%
19.782.636.812.599
100,00%
2.100.285.972.520
10,62%
0,00%
N di hn
2.Vn ch s hu
Tng ngun vn
53
N phi tr trn vn ch s hu
H s n
H s n =
H s ny l ch tiu phn nh kh r nt tnh hnh thanh ton ca cng ty. H
s ny cho bit cng ty c 1 ng ti sn th bao nhiu ng c u t t cc khon
cng n. Qua tnh ton cho thy nm 2013, h s ny gim 0,02 ln so vi nm 2012,
54
55
Ch tiu
Li nhun gp t BH & CCDV
Li nhun sau thu
DTT
2013
2012
Chnh lch
T l
11.113.252.652.705
9.055.449.415.572
2.057.803.237.133,00
22,72%
6.472.093.617.064
5.785.869.406.985
686.224.210.079,00
11,86%
31.126.838.852.010
26.797.114.670.360
4.329.724.181.650,00
16,16%
35,70
33,79
1,91
5,65%
20,79
21,59
-0,80
-3,70%
Li nhun gp bin
Li nhun rng bin
Li nhun gp bin
56
2013
2012
Tuyt i
6.472.093.617.064
5.785.869.406.985
686.224.210.079
3.114.521.306
-3.114.521.306
7.946.698.592.876
Tng
i
11,86%
100,00%
6.887.345.467.362 1.059.353.125.514
15,38%
17,88%
7.540.728.588.321
6.009.010.951.724 1.531.717.636.598
25,49%
17,88%
38,15
38,99
-0,84
-2,16%
85,83
96,29
-10,46
-10,86%
31,07
32,74
-1,67
-5,10%
39,49
41,62
-2,13
-5,11%
57
Qua tnh ton ta thy ch tiu BEF gim xung t nm 2012 l 38,99% xung
38,15% trong nm 2013. y l mt du hiu cho thy kh nng sinh li b gim t
vic s dng ti sn tham gia vo qu trnh SXKD.
T sut li nhun trn TSC
Li nhun mi l mc tiu ca cng ca mi cng ty, v th nh gi thc
cht vic s dng TSC c hiu qu hay khng ta phi so snh cng vi ch tiu li
nhun trong k. Ch tiu ny c o lng bng cng thc:
58
*
Bng 1.16. Phn tch Dupont ROA
Ch tiu
n by ti chnh
S vng quay ti sn
T l li rng
1,2712
-0,0001
1,49
1,52
-0,02
20,79%
21,59%
-0,80%
59
n by ti chnh
1,2711
20,79%
1,2712
-0,0001
1,52
-0,02
21,59%
-0,80%
60
1.2.4.5. Ch s v th trng
Bng 1.18. Phn tch cc ch s v th trng ca CTCP Vinamilk nm 2012 - 2013
Chnh lch
2013
2012
833.467.061
833.525.676
-58.615
833.955.796
833.955.796
8.339.557.960.000 8.339.557.960.000
Ngun vn ch s hu
Th gi mi c phiu (ti ngy cui nm)
C tc phn phi mi c phiu ( t 3)
Li nhun sau thu
85.000
50.000
2.000
1.800
200
135.000
7.765
6.941
824
25,76%
25,93%
17,39
12,25
10.000
10.000
13,50
8,50
EPS (Earning Per Share) l li nhun (thu nhp) trn mi c phiu.y l phn
li nhun m cng ty phn b cho mi c phn thng thng ang c lu hnh trn
th trng. EPS c s dng nh mt ch s th hin kh nng kim li nhun ca
cng ty. c xc nh bng cng thc:
EPS =
T cng thc trn, ta tnh c EPS qua 2 nm nh sau:
EPS12 = (5.785.869.406.98 5 0)/ 833.525.676 = 6.941 (vn).
EPS13 = (6.472.093.617.064 0)/ 833.467.061 = 7.765 (vn).
Ta thy li nhun trn mi c phn thng ang c lu hnh trn th trng
ca cng ty nm 2012 l 6.941 ng v nm 2013 l 7.765 ng, tng ln 824 ng li
nhun mi c phiu so vi nm 2012.
61
62
T l chi tr c tc
Gi c trn li nhun.
H s gi trn thu nhp (P/E) l mt trong nhng ch s phn tch quan trng
trong quyt nh u t chng khon ca nh u t. Thu nhp t c phiu s c nh
hng quyt nh n gi th trng ca c phiu . P/E cho thy gi c phiu hin
ti cao hn thu nhp t c phiu bao nhiu ln, hay nh u t phi tr gi cho mt
ng thu nhp bao nhiu. P/E c tnh cho tng c phiu mt v tnh trung bnh cho
tt c cc c phiu v h s ny thng c cng b trn bo ch. H s P/E c
tnh nh sau:
P/E =
Ta tnh c P/E vo thi im cui nm 2013 l 17,39 v cui nm 2012 l
12,25. So vi ch s P/E nm 2013 ca Hanoimilk l 31,3 th P/E ca Vinamlik thp
hn nhng so vi ch s P/E trung bnh ngnh thc phm l 10,6 th kh cao. Ch s
ny ca Vinamlik nm 2013 tng ln cho thy ngi u t d kin tc tng c tc
trong tng lai.
63
Biu 1.8. Tng trng khi lng Gi s sch CTCP Vinamilk t nm 2005 - 2013
64
2.2. Mt s gii php nhm hon thin tnh hnh ti chnh ca Cng ty
Da trn tnh hnh kinh t hin nay, vi s bin ng kinh t km theo l
khng hong kinh t th chin lc ca cng ty ang l an ton khi s dng h s n
rt thp (ng ngha vi vic c n by ti chnh thp).
Tuy nhin, cng ty ang lng tin qu ln. ang s dng vn khng hiu
qu, lng ph vn. c th tng kh nng cnh tranh trong di hn th cng ty cn c
65
chnh sch s dng vn hiu qu hn bng vic ch trng u t vo cng ngh, pht
trin nguyn vt liu nhm tn dng li th ca th trng trong nc. C th:
nui phn tn Vit Nam. Bng cch u t cho nhng vng chn nui b sa ci
tin cng ngh cng nh quy trnh chn nui nhm nng cao cht lng ca nguyn
vt liu, iu ny s gip cng ty to m rng c vng nguyn vt liu khai thc v
nng cao cht lng sn phm. T to li th cnh tranh trn th trng.
Hin nay ang phi nhp khu khong 75% nguyn liu t nc ngoi,
trong khi ang c rt nhiu vng trong nc c kh nng chn nui b sa. Cng ty c
th u t vn, cng ngh ban u cho nng dn chn nui nhm tng ngun cung cp
nguyn vt liu.
66
2. Kin ngh
Do c hn ch v thi gian v ti liu nghin cu nn ti ca em vn cn 1
s thiu st. Trc ht l v cc s liu v ch s trung bnh ngnh ch l tng i,
cha c cp nht hoc thiu chnh xc so snh.Tip na l cc cng thc tnh
ton ca gio trnh v cc cng thc trn cc trang web v ti chnh c cht khc nhau
( v d v s ngy trong k tnh ton, gio trnh quy c l 360 ngy, cn 1 s ngun
ti chnh trn mng tnh theo 365 ngy).Vic nhn xt cc ch tiu cn mang tnh l
thuyt, cha tm hiu c nguyn nhn r rng, c th a c gii php ci
thin thch hp, khng trnh c sai st, nhm ln. Nu c thm thi gian hon
thnh ti, em s c gng lm tt hn.
67
3.
4.
5.
6.
Nguyn Nng phc (2008), Gio trnh Phn tch BCTC, Nh xut bn i hc
http://phantichbaocaotaichinh.wordpress.com/category/bai-nghien-cuu-
nhom/page/4/
8.
https://www.vcsc.com.vn/Modules/Analysis/Web/IndustryAnalysis.aspx?tab=3
&catTab=2&MenuID=5&cat=1&inTab=Nhomnganh&industryID=202&lang=vi-vn
9.
http://www.cophieu68.vn/incomestatementq.php?id=vnm&view=ist&year=201
2
10.
http://www.stockbiz.vn/IndustryOverview.aspx?Code=3570
PH LC