You are on page 1of 7

www.TaiLieuLuyenThi.

com Trang chia s ti liu luyn thi i hc




HT NHN NGUYN T
Chuyn : PHNG X
Cu 1: Mt khi cht phng x. Trong t1 gi u tin pht ra n1 tia phng xa, trong t2=2t1 gi tip theo n pht ra
n2 tia phng x. Bit n2=9n1/64. Chu k bn r ca cht phng x trn l ?
A. t
1
/3 B. t
2
/3 C. 3t
1
D. 3t
2

Cu 2: Cho mt khi cht phng x c phng x Ho, gm 2 cht phng x c s ht ban u bng nhau. chu k
bn r ca chng ln lt l T1= 2s, T2= 3s. sau 6h, phng x ca khi cht cn li l :
A. 3Ho/16 B.3Ho/8 C. 5Ho/8 D. 5Ho/16
Cu 3: Bn mt ht vo ht nhn
14
7
N ang ng yn gy ra phn ng: . Nng lng
ca phn ng ny bng -1,21 MeV. Gi s hai ht sinh ra c cng vect vn tc. ng nng ca ht o l: (xem khi
lng ht nhn tnh theo n v u gn ng bng s khi ca n)
A. 1,36MeV B. 1,65MeV C. 1,63MeV D. 1,56MeV
Cu 4: Mt ngi m c va mi khai qut. Mt mu vn quan ti ca n cha 50g cacbon c phng x l 457
phn r/pht (ch c 14C l phng x). Bit rng phng x ca cy ci ang sng vo khong 3000 phn r/pht
tnh trn 200g cacbon. Chu k bn r ca C14 khong 5600 nm. Tui ca ngi m c c bao nhiu nm ?
A. 9190 nm. B. 15200 nm. C. 2200 nm. D. 4000 nm
Cu 5: Cht phng x plni
210
84
Po phng ra tia o v bin i thnh ch
206
82
Pb . Hi trong 0,168g plni c bao
nhiu nguyn t b phn r sau 414 ngy m v xc nh lng ch to thnh trong khong thi gian ni trn. Cho
bit chu k bn r ca Po l 138 ngy
A. 4,21.10
10

nguyn t; 0,144g B. 4,21.10
20

nguyn t; 0,144g
C. 4,21.10
20

nguyn t; 0,014g D. 2,11.10
20

nguyn t; 0,045g
Cu 6: Tnh khi lng Plni
210
Po c phng x 0,5Ci.
A. 0,11mg B. 0,11g C. 0,44mg D. 0,44g
Cu 7: Plni
210
84
Po l nguyn t phng x o , n phng ra mt ht o v bin i thnh ht nhn con X. Chu k
bn r ca Po l 138 ngy.
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng. Xc nh ht nhn X.
b) Ban u mu Po nguyn cht c khi lng 0,01g. Tnh phng x ca mu cht trn sau 3 chu k bn r.
c) Tnh t s khi lng Po v khi lng cht X trong mu cht trn sau 4 chu k bn r
A. b) 2,084.10
11
Bq; c) 0,068 B. b) 2,084.10
11
Bq; c) 0,68
C. b) 2,084.10
10
Bq; c) 0,068 D. b) 2,084.10
10
Bq; c) 0,68
Cu 8: Ht nhn
14
6
C l mt cht phng x, n phng ra tia |

c chu k bn r l 5730 nm.


a) Vit phng trnh ca phn ng phn r
b) Sau bao lu lng cht phng x ca mt mu ch cn bng 1/8 lng cht phng x ban u ca mu ?
c) Trong cy ci c cht
14
6
C . phng x ca mt mu g ti v mt mu g c i cht cng khi lng ln
lt l 0,250 Bq v 0,215 Bq. Xc nh xem mu g c i cht cch y bao lu?
A. 1719 nm; 250 nm B. 5730 nm; 1250 nm C. 17190 nm; 2500 nm D. 17190 nm; 1250 nm

Cu 9: Pooloni
210
84
Po l cht phng x o to thnh ht nhn ch. Chu k bn r ca ht nhn
210
84
Po l 140 ngy.
Sau thi gian t = 420 ngy (k t thi im bt u kho st) ngi ta nhn c 10,3 gam ch.
a) Tnh khi lng Poloni ti t = 0
A. 10g B.11g C. 12g D. 13g
b) Tnh thi gian t l gia khi lng ch v khi lng Poloni l 0,8
A. 100,05 ngy B. 220,23 ngy C. 120,45 ngy D. 140,5 ngy
c). Tnh th tch kh He to thnh khi t l gia khi lng ch v khi lng Poloni l 0,8
A. 674,86 cm
3
B. 574,96 cm
3
C. 674,86 cm
3
D. 400,86 cm
3
Cu 10: ng v
210
84
Po phng x o thnh ch. Ban u mu Po c khi lng 1mg. Ti thi im t
1

t l gia s
ht nhn Pb v s ht nhn Po trong mu l 7:1. Ti thi im t
2
= t
1
+414 ngy th t l l 63:1.
a) Chu k phng x ca Po
A. 100 ngy B. 220 ngy C. 138 ngy D. 146 ngy
b) phng x o c ti thi im t
1

l
A. 0,5631Ci B. 1,5631Ci C. 2,5631Ci D. 3,5631Ci
www.TaiLieuLuyenThi.com Trang chia s ti liu luyn thi i hc


Cu 11: Mt mu
24
11
Na ti t=0 c khi lng 48g. Sau thi gian 30 gi mu Na cn li 12g. Bit
24
11
Na l cht
phng x |

to thnh ht nhn con


24
12
Mg .
a) Tnh chu k phng x ca
24
11
Na (A. T=15h B. 20h C. 25h D. 30h)
b) Tnh phng x ca mu Na trn khi c 42g
24
12
Mg to thnh.
A. 1,56.10
18
Bq B. 2,00.10
18
Bq C. 1,931.10
18
Bq D. 2,56.10
18
Bq

Cu 12: Nh mt my m xung, ngi ta c c thng tin sau v 1 cht phng x X. Ban u, trong thi gian 2
pht c 3200 nguyn t ca cht X phng x, nhng 4 gi sau (k t thi im ban u) th trong 2 pht ch c 200
nguyn t phng ra. Chu k bn r ca cht phng x ny l
A. 1 gi B. 2 gi C. 3 gi D. 4 gi
Cau 13: phng x ca mt tng c bng g khi lng M l 8Bq. phng x ca mu g khi lng 1,5M
ca mt cy va mi cht l 15Bq. Xc nh tui ca bc tng c. Bit chu k bn r ca C14 l T=5600 nm.
A. 1800 nm B. 2800 nm C. 3000 nm A. 2000 nm
Cu 14 (H 2011): Cht phng x plni
210
84
Po pht ra tia v bin i thnh ch
206
82
Pb . Cho chu k bn r ca
210
84
Po l 138 ngy. Ban u (t = 0) c mt mu plni nguyn cht. Ti thi im t
1
t s gia s ht nhn plni v
s ht nhn ch trong mu l 1/3. Ti thi im t
2
= t
1
+ 276 ngy, t s gia s ht nhn plni v s ht nhn ch
trong mu l
A. 1/25 B. 1/16 C. 1/9 D. 1/15
Cu 15: Cht phng x C
14
6
c chu k bn r 5570 nm. Khi lng C
14
6
c phng x 5,0Ci bng
A. 1,09g. B. 1,09mg. C. 10,9g. D. 10,9mg.
Cu 16: Thi gian bn r ca Sr
90
38
l T = 20 nm. Sau 80 nm, s phn trm ht nhn cn li cha phn r bng
A. 6,25%. B. 12,5%. C. 25%. D. 50%.
Cu 17: phng x ca 3mg Co
60
27
l 3,41Ci. Chu k bn r T ca Co
60
27
l
A. 32 nm. B. 15,6 nm. C. 8,4 nm. D. 5,24 nm.
Cu 18: Mt lng cht phng x sau 42 nm th cn li 1/8 khi lng ban u ca n. Chu k bn r ca cht
phng x l
A. 5,25 nm. B. 14 nm. C. 21 nm. D. 126 nm.
Cu 19: Mt mu cht phng x ran(Rn222) c khi lng ban u l m
0
= 1mg. Sau 15,2 ngy, phng x ca
mu gim 93,75%. Chu k bn r ca ran nhn gi tr no sau y ?
A. 25 ngy. B. 3,8 ngy. C. 1 ngy. D. 7,2 ngy.
Cu 20: phng x

| ca mt tng g bng 0,8 ln phng x ca mt khc g cng khi lng va mi


cht. Bit chu k bn r ca C14 bng 5600nm. Tui ca tng g l
A. 1200nm. B. 2000nm. C. 2500nm. D. 1803nm.
Cu 21: Khi phn tch mt mu g, ngi ta xc nh c rng 87,5% s nguyn t ng v phng x C
14
6
b
phn r thnh cc nguyn t N
14
7
. Bit chu k bn r ca C
14
6
l T = 5570 nm. Tui ca mu g ny l
A. 16714 nm. B. 17000 nm. C. 16100 nm. D. 16714 ngy.
Cu 22: p dng phng php dng ng v phng x C
14
6
nh tui ca cc c vt. Kt qu o cho thy
phng x ca mt tng c bng g khi lng m l 4Bq. Trong khi phng x ca mt mu g khi lng 2m
ca mt cy va mi c cht l 10Bq. Ly T = 5570 nm. Tui ca tng c ny l
.A. 1974 nm. B. 1794 ngy. C. 1700 nm. D. 1794 nm
Cu 11: Mt mnh g c c phng x ca C
14
6
l 3phn r/pht. Mt lng g tng ng cho thy tc m
xung l 14xung/pht. Bit rng chu k bn r ca C
14
6
l T = 5570nm. Tui ca mnh g l
A. 12400 ngy. B. 14200 nm. C. 12400 nm. D. 13500 nm.
Cu 12: Ban u c m
0
gam
24
11
Na nguyn cht. Bit rng ht nhn
24
11
Na phn r |

to thnh ht nhn X. Chu k


bn r ca
24
11
Na l 15h. Thi gian t s khi lng cht X v Na bng 3/4 l
A. 12,1h B. 22,1h C. 8,6h D. 10,1h
lng) c cng chu k bn r l T. Ti thi im quan st, hai mu ln lt c phng x l H
X
v H
Y
. Nu X c
tui ln hn Y th hiu tui ca chng l
www.TaiLieuLuyenThi.com Trang chia s ti liu luyn thi i hc


A.
2 ln
) H / H ln( . T
Y X
. B.
2 ln
) H / H ln( . T
X Y
. C. ) H / H ln( .
T
1
Y X
. D. ) H / H ln( .
T
1
X Y
.
Cu 13: Thi gian t s ht nhn mt mu ng v phng x gim e ln gi l tui sng trung bnh ca mu ( e
l c s t nhin). S lin h gia t v tho mn h thc no sau y:
A. t = . B. t = /2. C. t = 1/ . D. t = 2 .
Cu 14: S ht o v | c pht ra trong phn r phng x X
200
90
? Y
168
80
l
A. 6 v 8. B. 8 v 8. C. 6 v 6. D. 8 v 6.
Cu 15: Ti thi im t
1
phng x ca mt mu cht l x, v thi im t
2
l y. Nu chu k bn r ca mu l T
th s ht nhn phn r trong khong thi gian t
2
t
1
l
A. x y. B. (x-y)ln2/T. C. (x-y)T/ln2. D. xt
1
yt
2
.
Cu 16: Radium C c chu k phng x l 20 pht. Mt mu Radium C c khi lng l 2g. Sau 1gi 40 pht, lng
cht phn r nhn gi tr no sau y ?
A. 0,0625g. B. 1,9375g. C. 1,250g. D. 1,9375kg.
Cu 17: Sau 2 gi, phng x ca mt khi cht gim 4 ln, chu k ca cht phng x nhn gi tr no sau y ?
A. 2 gi. B. 1,5 gi. C. 3 gi. D. 1 gi.
Cu 18: Chu k bn r ca cht phng x l 2,5 nm. Sau 1 nm t s gia s ht nhn cn li v s ht nhn ban u
l
A. 0,4. B. 0,242. C. 0,758. D. 0,082.
Cu 19: Mt ng v phng x A lc u c N
0
= 2,86.10
16
ht nhn. Trong gi u pht ra 2,29.10
15
tia phng x.
Chu k bn r ca ng v A l
A. 8 gi. B. 8 gi 30 pht. C. 8 gi 15 pht. D. 8 gi 18 pht.
Cu 20: Cban( Co
60
27
) c chu k phng x l 16/3 nm v bin thnh Ni
60
28
; khi lng ban u ca cban l1kg.
Khi lng cban phn r sau 16 nm l
A. 875g. B. 125g. C. 500g. D. 1250g.
Cu 21: Chu k bn r ca
60
Co bng gn 5nm. Sau 10 nm, t mt ngun Co60 c khi lng 1g s cn li bao
nhiu gam ?
A. 0,10g. B. 0,25g. C. 0,50g. D. 0,75g.
Cu 21: Cht phng x Co
60
27
c chu k bn r T = 5,33 nm v khi lng nguyn t l 56,9u. Ban u c 500g
cht
60
Co. Sau bao nhiu nm th khi lng cht phng x ny cn li l 100g ?
A. 8,75 nm. B. 10,5 nm. C. 12,38 nm. D. 15,24 nm.
Cu 23: Gi t A l khong thi gian s ht nhn ca mt khi lng cht phng x gim i e ln( e l c s loga
t nhin, lne = 1). Hi sau thi gian t = 0,51 t A cht phng x cn li bao nhiu phn trm lng phng x ban u ?
A. 40%. B. 30%. C. 50%. D. 60%.
Cu 24: Chu k bn r ca Po
210
84
l 140 ngy m. Lc u c 42 mg Plni. phng x ban u nhn gi tr l
A. 6,8.10
14
Bq. B. 6,8.10
12
Bq. C. 6,8.10
9
Bq. D. 6,9.10
12
Bq.
Cu 25: ng v phng x Cu
66
29
c thi gian bn r T= 4,3 pht. Sau thi gian 12,9 pht phng x ca ng v
ny gim i l
A. 85% . B. 87,5%. C. 82,5%. D. 80%.
Cu 26: Tnh s phn t nit (N) c trong 1 gam kh nit. Bit khi lng nguyn t ca nit l 13,999u.
A. 43.10
21
. B. 215.10
20
. C. 43.10
20
. D. 21.10
21
.
Cu 27: Trong ngun phng x
32
P c 10
8
nguyn t vi chu k bn r T = 14ngy. 4 tun l trc , s nguyn t
P32 trong ngun l
A. N
0
= 10
12
. B. N
0
= 4.10
8
. C. N
0
= 2.10
8
. D. N
0
= 16.10
8
.
Cu 28: Khi lng ban u ca ng v phng x natri Na
23
11
l 0,23mg, chu k bn r ca natri l T = 62s.
phng x ban u bng
A. 6,7.10
14
Bq. B. 6,7.10
15
Bq. C. 6,7.10
16
Bq. D. 6,7.10
17
Bq.
Cu 29: Mt khi cht phng x c chu k bn r bng 10 ngy. Sau 30 ngy khi lng cht phng x ch cn li
trong khi s bng bao nhiu phn lc ban u ?
A. 0,5. B. 0,25. C. 0,125. D. 0,33.
Cu 30: Chu k bn r ca hai cht phng x A v B ln lt l 20 pht v 40 pht. Ban u hai khi cht A v B c
s lng ht nhn nh nhau. Sau 80 pht t s cc ht nhn A v B cn li l
A. 1:6. B. 4:1. C. 1:4. D. 1:1.
www.TaiLieuLuyenThi.com Trang chia s ti liu luyn thi i hc


Cu 31: Urani U
238
92
sau nhiu ln phng x o v

| bin thnh Pb
206
82
. Bit chu k bn r ca s bin i tng hp
ny l T = 4,6.10
9
nm. Gi s ban u mt loi ch cha urani, khng cha ch. Nu hin nay t l ca cc khi
lng ca urani v ch l m(U)/m(Pb) = 37, th tui ca loi y l
A. 2.10
7
nm. B. 2.10
8
nm. C. 2.10
9
nm. D. 2.10
10
nm.
Cu 32: Mt khc xng cha 200g C14(ng v ccbon phng x) c phng x l 375 phn r/pht. Tnh tui
ca khc xng. Bit rng phng x ca c th sng bng 15 phn r/pht tnh trn 1g ccbon v chu k bn r
ca C14 l 5730 nm.
A. 27190 nm. B. 1190 nm. C. 17190 nm. D. 17450 nm.
Cu 33: U238 phn r thnh
206
Pb vi chu k bn r T = 4,47.10
9
nm. Mt khi c pht hin c cha 46,97mg
238
U v 2,135mg
206
Pb. Gi s khi lc mi hnh thnh khng cha nguyn t ch. Hin ti t l gia s nguyn t
238
U v
206
Pb l bao nhiu?
A. 19. B. 21. C. 20. D. 22.
A. b lch khi bay xuyn qua mt in trng hay t trng.
B. lm in ho cht kh.
C. lm pht quang mt s cht.
D. c kh nng m xuyn mnh.
Cu 34: Mt cht phng x c chu k bn r l T. Sau thi gian t, s ht b bn r bng 7/8 s ht ban u. Kt
lun no sau y l ng ?
A. t = 8T. B. t = 7T. C. t = 3T. D. t = 0,785T.
Cu 35: Plni Po
210
84
l cht phng x c chu k bn r l 138 ngy. phng x ban u l H
0
. Sau thi gian bao
lu th phng x ca n gim i 32 ln ?
A. 4,3 ngy. B. 690 ngy. C. 4416 ngy. D. 32 ngy.
Cu 36: Mt cht phng x
210
84
Po pht ra tia o v bin i thnh
206
82
Pb. Bit khi lng cc ht l m
Pb
=205,9744u,
m
Po
=209,9828u, m
o
=4,0026u. Nng lng ta ra khi 10g Po phn r ht l :
A. 2,2.10
10
J B. 2,5.10
10
J C. 2,7.10
10
J D. 2,8.10
10
J
Cu 37: Mt tng c bng g c phng x ca n gim i 87,5% ln phng x ca mt khc g, c khi
lng bng na tng c v va mi cht. Bit chu k bn r ca C14 l 5600 nm. Tui ca tng c l:
A. 1400 nm B. 11200 nm C. 16800 nm D.22400 nm
Cu 38: Nit t nhin c khi lng nguyn t m = 14,00666u v gm 2 ng v chnh l N14 (c khi lng
nguyn t m
1
= 14,00307u ) v N15 (c khi lng nguyn t m
2
). Bit N14 chim 99,64% v N15 chim 0,36% s
nguyn t trong nit t nhin. Hy tm khi lng nguyn t m
2
ca N15
A. m
2
= 15,00029u B. m
2
= 14,00746u C. m
2
= 14,09964u D. m
2
= 15,0001u
Cu 39: Mt cht phng x sau 10 ngy m gim i 3/4 khi lng ban u. Chu k bn r ca cht ny l
A. 20 ngy B. 5 ngy C. 24 ngy D. 15 ngy
Cu 40: T ht nhn
226
88
Ra phng ra 3 ht v mt ht
-
trong mt chui phng x lin tip, khi ht nhn to
thnh l
A.
224
84
X B.
214
83
X C.
218
84
X D.
224
82
X
Cu 41:Mt cht phng x lc u c phng x l 8Ci. Sau 2 ngy phng x cn l 4,8Ci. Hng s phng x
ca cht l:
A. 0,255 B. 0,355 C. 0,455 D.0,655
Cu 42:Ht nhn Plni
210
84
Po l cht phng x c chu k bn r 138 ngy .Khi lng ban u l 10g .Cho N
A

=6,023.10
23
mol
-1
.S nguyn t cn li sau 207 ngy l
A. 1,02.10
23
nguyn t B. 2,05.10
22
nguyn t C. 1,02.10
22
nguyn t D. 3,02.10
22
nguyn t
Cu 43: Mi ng v phng x A lc u c N
o
=2,86.10
26
ht nhn. Trong gi u pht ra 2,29.10
15
tia phng x.
Chu k bn r ng v A l :
A 8 gi 18 pht. B. 8 gi. C 8 gi 30 pht. D 8 gi 15 pht.
Cu 44: Mt cht phng x c hng s phn r = 1,44.10
-3
(h
-1
). Trong thi gian bao lu th 75% ht nhn ban u
s b phn r
A. 36 ngy. B. 40,1 ngy. C. 39,2 ngy. D. 37,4 ngy.
Cu 45: Ngi ta nhn v phng th nghim m(g) mt cht phng x A c chu k bn r l 192 gi. Khi ly ra s
dng th khi lng cht phng x ny ch cn bng 1/64 khi lng ban u. Thi gian k t khi bt u nhn cht
phng x v n lc ly ra x dng l
A. 48 ngy. B. 36 ngy. C. 24ngy. D. 32
ngy.
www.TaiLieuLuyenThi.com Trang chia s ti liu luyn thi i hc


Cu 46:
210
84
Po l cht phng x , n phng ra mt ht v bin i thnh ht nhn X. T s gia s ht nhn Po
v s ht nhn X sau 4 chu k bn r l A. 16/15. B. 15/16. C. 16.
D. 15.
Cu 47:
210
84
Pol cht phng x , n phng ra mt ht v bin i thnh ht nhn X. T s gia khi lng Po v
khi lng X sau 4 chu k bn r l
A. 0,068. B. 0,043. C. 0,067. D. 0,68.
Cu 48: ng v Na 24 l cht phng x v to thnh ng v ca Mg. Sau 105 gi, phng x ca Na gim i
128 ln. Chu k bn r ca Na bng A. 17,5 h. B. 21 h. C. 45 h. D. 15 h.
Cu 49: ng v Na 24 l cht phng x v to thnh ng v ca Mg.Lc u mu Na l nguyn cht. Ngi ta
thy thi im bt u kho st th t s khi lng ca Mg v khi lng ca Na l 2. Lc bt u kho st th
A. s nguyn t Na nhiu gp 2 ln s nguyn t Mg. B. s nguyn t Na nhiu gp 4 ln s
nguyn t Mg.
C. s nguyn t Mg nhiu gp 2 ln s nguyn t Na. D. s nguyn t Mg nhiu gp 4 ln s
nguyn t Na.
Cu 50: ng v Na 24 l cht phng x v to thnh ng v ca Mg vi T = 15 gi. Khi nghin cu mu cht Na
24, ngi ta thy thi im bt u kho st th t s khi lng ca Mg v khi lng ca Na 24 l 0,25. Sau
bao lu th t s ny bng 9?
A. 45h. B. 20 h. C. 15 h. D. 30 h.
Cu 51: Na
24
11
l cht phng x

| c chu k bn r T. thi im t = 0 khi lng ca Na


24
11
l m
0
= 24 g. Sau
khong thi gian l 3T th s ht

| sinh ra bng (cho N


A
= 6,02.10
23
)
A. 7,53.10
22
. B. 2.10
23
. C. 5,27.10
23
. D. 1,51.10
23
.
Cu 52:Ban u c 1 kg cht phng x Co
60
27
vi chu k bn r T = 16/3 nm. Sau khi phn r Co
60
27
bin thnh
Ni
60
28
. Thi gian cn thit c 984,375 g cht Co
60
27
b phn r l
A. 4 nm. B. 16 nm. C. 32 nm. D. 64 nm.
Cu 53; Po
210
84
l cht phng x o vi chu k bn r l T = 138 ngy, n phng ra mt ht o v bin i thnh ht
nhn X. Bit rng thi im kho st t s gia s ht nhn X v s ht nhn Po bng 7. Tui ca mu cht trn l
A. 276 ngy. B. 46 ngy. C. 552 ngy. D. 414 ngy.
Cu 54: Po
210
84
l cht phng x c chu k bn r l T = 3312 h. Lc u phng x ca mt lng cht Po bng
4.10
13
Bq, sau khong thi gian bng bao nhiu th phng x ca lng cht Po trn bng 0,5.10
13
Bq?
A. 3312 h. B. 9936 h. C. 1106 h. D. 6624 h.
Cu 55:Ht nhn
24
11
Na phn r |

v bin thnh ht nhn


A
Z
X vi chu k bn r l 15gi. Lc u mu Natri l
nguyn cht. Ti thi im kho st thy t s gia khi lng
A
Z
X v khi lng natri c trong mu l 0,75. Hy tm
tui ca mu natri ?
A. 60 gi B. 2,112gi C. 12,12gi D. 21,12 gi
Cu 56: Mt cht phng x pht ra tia o, c mt ht nhn phn r cho mt ht o. Trong thi gian mt pht u khi
cht phng x pht ra 360 ht o, nhng 6 gi sau, k t lc bt u o ln th nht, trong mt pht khi cht
phng x pht ra 45 ht o. Chu k bn r ca cht phng x ny l
A. 1 gi. B. 2 gi. C. 3 gi. D. 4 gi.
Cu 57: Ban u 5 gam Radon Rn l cht phng x vi chu k bn r T = 3,8 ngy. phng x ca lng Rn trn
sau thi gian 9,5 ngy l:
A. 1,22.10
5
Ci B.1,36.10
5
Ci C.1,84.10
5
Ci D.1,92.10
5
Ci
Cu 58:Mt ngun phng x c chu k bn r T v ti thi im ban u c 32N
0
ht nhn . Sau cc khong thi gian
T/2, 2T v 3T th s ht nhn cn li ln lt l ?
A. 24N
0
, 12N
0
, 6N
0
B. 16 2 N
0
, 8N
0
, 4N
0
C.16N
0
, 8N
0
, 4N
0
D. 16 2 N
0
, 8 2 N
0
, 4 2 N
0

Cu 59: C bao nhiu ht c gii phng trong mt gi t 1 g ng v
23
11
Na. Bit ng v phng x
23
11
Na c
chu k bn r l 15 h.
A. 2,134.10
15
ht B. 4,134.10
15
ht C. 3,134.10
15
ht D. 1,134.10
15
ht
Cu 60:Mt gam cht phng x trong 1s pht ra 4,2.10
13
ht

. Khi lng nguyn t ca cht phng x ny l
58,933 u; 1u = 1,66.10
-27
kg . Chu k bn r ca cht phng x ny l ?
A. 1,78.10
8
s B. 1,68.10
8
s C. 1,86.10
8
s D. 1,87.10
8
s
www.TaiLieuLuyenThi.com Trang chia s ti liu luyn thi i hc


Cu 61: Mt cht phng x c chu k bn r T =10s. Lc u c phng x 2.10
7


Bq cho phng x gim
xung cn 0,25.10
7
Bq th phi mt mt khong thi gian bao lu:
A . 30 s. B. 20 s. C. 15 s. D. 25 s.
Cu 62: Ban u (t= 0) c mt mu cht phng x X nguyn cht. thi im t
1
mu cht phng x X cn li 40%
ht nhn cha b phn r. n thi im t
2
= t
1
+100 (s) s ht nhn X cha b b phn r ch cn 10% so vi ht nhn
ban u. Chu k bn r ca cht phng x l :
A. 50s B. 25s C. 400s D. 200s
Cu 63 : Cho phn ng ht nhn:
3 2 4 1
1 1 2 0
17, 6 H H He n MeV + + + . Nng lng ta ra khi tng hp c 1g kh
Heli xp x bng:
A.
8
4, 24.10 J B.
5
4, 24.10 J C.
11
5, 03.10 J D.
11
4, 24.10 J
Cu 64 : Ban u c mt lng cht phng x nguyn cht ca nguyn t X, c chu k bn r l T. sau thi gian t =
3 T, t s gia s ht nhn cht phng x X phn r thnh ht nhn ca nguyn t khc v s ht nhn cn li ca cht
phng x X bng
A. 8. B. 7. C. 1/ 7. D. 1/ 8 .
Cu 65 : Ht nhn
1
1
A
Z
X phng x v bin thnh mt ht nhn
2
2
A
Z
Y bn. Coi khi lng ca ht nhn X, Y bng s
khi ca chng tnh theo n v u. Bit cht phng x
1
1
A
Z
X c chu k bn r l T. Ban u c mt khi lng cht
1
1
A
Z
X, sau 3 chu k bn r th t s gia khi lng ca cht Y v khi lng ca cht X l
A.
1
2
A
7
A
. B.
2
1
A
7
A
. C.
2
1
A
8
A
. D.
1
2
A
8
A
.
Cu 66 : Do s bc x nn mi ngy (86400 s) khi lng Mt Tri gim mt lng
14
3, 744.10 kg . Bit vn tc
nh sng trong chn khng l
8
3.10 m/ s . Cng sut bc x (pht x) trung bnh ca Mt Tri bng
A.
15
6, 9.10 MW. B.
20
3, 9.10 MW. C.
40
4, 9.10 MW. D.
10
5, 9.10 MW.
Cu 67: Chn cu tr li ng: Chu k bn r ca
14
6
C l 5590 nm. Mt mu g c c phng x l 197 phn
r/pht. Mt mu g khc cng loi cng khi lng ca cy mi h xung c phng x 1350 phn r/pht. Tui
ca mu g c l:
A. 15525 nm B. 1552,5 nm C. 1,5525.10
5
nm D. 1,5525.10
6
nm
Cu 68: Urani
238
92
U c chu k bn r l 4,5.10
9
nm . Sau khi phn r bin thnh Thori
234
90
Th . Hi c bao nhiu gam
Thori c to thnh trong 23,8g Uranni sau thi gian 9.10
9
nm.
A. 17,85 kg B. 18,95g C. 18,95kg D. 17,85g
Cu 69: Urani
238
92
U sau nhiu ln phng x v |

bin thnh Pb. Bit chu k bn r ca s bin i ny l


T=4,6.10
9
nm. Gi s ban u mt loi ch cha urani, khng cha ch. Nu hin nay t l cc khi lng ca
urani v ch l
( )
( )
3, 7
m U
m Pb
= , th tui ca y l bao nhiu?
A.
8
1, 6.10 nm B.
9
1, 6.10 nm C.
10
1, 6.10 nm D.
7
1, 6.10 nm
Cu 70: Mt mu cht gm hai cht phng x A v B. Ban u s nguyn t A ln gp 4 ln s nguyn t B. Hai gi
sau s nguyn t ca A v B tr nn bng nhau. Bit chu k bn r ca A l 0,2h. Chu k bn r ca B l:
A. 0,25h B. 0,4h C. 2,5h D. 0,1h
Cu 71: Magi Mg
27
12
phng x vi chu k bn r l T, lc t
1
phng x ca mt mu magie l 2,4.10
6
Bq. Vo lc
t
2
phng x ca mu magi l 8.10
5
Bq. S ht nhn b phn r t thi im t
1
n thi im t
2
l 13,85.10
8
ht
nhn. Chu k bn r T l
Cu 72: Ngy nay t l U
235
trong mt mu qung urani l 0,72% cn li l U
238
. Cho bit chu k bn r ca U
235

v U
238
ln lt l
8
10 . 04 , 7 (nm) v
9
10 . 46 , 4 (nm). Hy tnh t l U
235
trong mu qung urani nu trn vo thi
k u khi hnh thnh tri t cch y 4,5 t nm.
A. 13% B. 23% C. 33% D. 43%
www.TaiLieuLuyenThi.com Trang chia s ti liu luyn thi i hc


Cu 73 : Silic
31
14
Si l cht phng x, pht ra ht |

v bin thnh ht nhn X. Mt mu phng x


31
14
Si ban u
trong thi gian 5 pht c 190 nguyn t b phn r, nhng sau 3 gi cng trong thi gian 5 pht ch c 85 nguyn t
b phn r. Hy xc nh chu k bn r ca cht phng x.
Cu 74. Sau mt gi s nguyn t ca mt cht phng x gim i 3,8%. Hng s phng x ca cht y l :
A. 2,1.10
-5
s
1-
B. 1,1.10
-5
s
1-
C. 2,39.10
-5
s
1-
D. 3,54.10
-5
s
1-

Cu 76: Thi gian s ht nhn nguyn t ca mt cht phng x gim i e ln l t / 1 = ( l hng s phng x
ca cht y). S phn trm nguyn t phng x b phn r trong thi gian t l :
A. 50% B. 63% C. 60% D. 55%
Cu 77: Urani
238
92
U sau nhiu ln phng x o v |
-

bin thnh
206
82
Pb. Bit chu k bn r ca l T. Gi s ban u c
mt mu qung urani nguyn cht. Nu hin nay, trong mu qung ny ta thy c 10 nguyn t urani th c 2 nguyn
t ch. Tui ca mu qung ny c tnh theo T l:
A. t =
ln 1,2
ln2
T B. t =
ln 1,25
ln2
T C. t =
ln2
ln6
T D. t =
ln6
ln2
T
Cu 78: Gi At l khong thi gian s ht nhn ca mt lng phng x gim i e ln. ( el l c s ca logarit t
nhin ng vi lne = 1) v T l chu k bn r ca cht phng x. Cng thc no sau y ng:
A. At =
2T
ln2
B. At =
T
ln2
C. At =
T
2ln2
D. At =
ln2
T

Cu 79: Gi At l khong thi gian s ht nhn nguyn t ca mt cht phng x gim e ln. Sau thi gian bng
bao nhiu ln At th s ht nhn ca cht phng x cn li 25% ?
A. t = 2At B. t = 0,721At C. t = 1,386At D. t = 0,5At
Cu 80: Xt phn ng ht nhn
2
1
D +
3
1
T
4
2
He + n. Bit ht khi ht nhn
2

D,
3

T,
4

He ln lt l:
0,002491u; 0,009106u; 0,030382u v 1u = 931,5 MeV/c
2

. Nng lng ta ra t phn ng ny xp x bng:
A. 21,076 MeV B. 15,017 MeV C. 20,25 MeV D. 17,498 MeV

You might also like