PubMed Workbook VN

MEDLARS Management Section
U.S. National Library of Medicine

National Institutes of Health
Department of Health and Human Services
Bethesda, Maryland

n bn thng T 2011

Hng dn S dng PubMed

GHI CH
Table of Contents
i
Mc lc
Mc lc...........................................................................................................................................................................i
Thi kha biu............................................................................................................................................................. iii
Mc tiu........................................................................................................................................................................iv
Gii thiu Th vin Y khoa Quc gia Hoa K..............................................................................................................1
Gii thiu PubMed (pubmed.gov) ..............................................................................................................................2
C g trong PubMed ......................................................................................................................................................4
Trch dn MEDLINE.................................................................................................................................................4
T kha MeSH - Medical Subject Headings (MeSH
Vocabulary)............................................................................13
T kha ph.............................................................................................................................................................19
T Tc dng Dc l...........................................................................................................................................2121
Cc loi t MeSH khc............................................................................................................................................22
Bi tp: Gii thiu MeSH........................................................................................................................................25
Xy dng Tm kim.....................................................................................................................................................27
Mn hnh Kt qu Tm kim....................................................................................................................................28
Tm T T ng (Automatic Term Mapping - ATM).............................................................................................29
Mn hnh Chi tit .....................................................................................................................................................29
Tm kim Cm t ....................................................................................................................................................34
Bi tp: Tm T T ng v Tm kim Cm t.......................................................................................................35
Trch dn Lin quan.................................................................................................................................................40
Gii hn...................................................................................................................................................................41
T cng gc (tm tt c cc t c bt u ging nhau) ............................................................................................44
Danh sch T Ngng...............................................................................................................................................44
Chc nng Kim li Chnh t ..................................................................................................................................44
Bi tp: Gii hn......................................................................................................................................................46
Ton t Boolean ......................................................................................................................................................50
Lch s.....................................................................................................................................................................52
Bi tp: Ton t Boolean v Lch s .......................................................................................................................54
Tm kim vi t kha MeSH v c s d liu MeSH.............................................................................................56
Bi tp: Practice Exercises: Tm kim vi t kha MeSH ......................................................................................62
Tm mt trch dn c th..........................................................................................................................................65
Tm Tp ch Th mc NLM....................................................................................................................................70
Bi tp: Tm Trch dn hoc Tp ch .......................................................................................................................76
S dng Cng c Xy dng Tm kim tm theo Trng ....................................................................................80
S dng ui Tm kim -- Tm M t Trng........................................................................................................84
Bi tp: Tm kim theo Trng ...............................................................................................................................92
Qun l Kt qu...........................................................................................................................................................96
Ci t Hin th........................................................................................................................................................96
Gi n................................................................................................................................................................99
Su tp My NCBI..................................................................................................................................................103
Th mc Ring ......................................................................................................................................................107
Lu Tm kim............................................................................................................................................................109
Lu Phng php Tm kim vi My NCBI...........................................................................................................109
RSS........................................................................................................................................................................113
Bi tp: Qun l Kt qu v Lu Tm kim...............................................................................................................114
Truy cp Bi bo........................................................................................................................................................116
Lin kt Ngoi .......................................................................................................................................................116
t Mua.................................................................................................................................................................117
Cng c B sung .......................................................................................................................................................119
B lc ....................................................................................................................................................................120
La chn Trang NCBI ..........................................................................................................................................124
Vn tin Lm sng...................................................................................................................................................126
Vn tin c bit Vn tin Nghin cu Y t (HSR) ..............................................................................................128
Lin kt n PubMed.............................................................................................................................................129
Tin ch in t.....................................................................................................................................................129
Bi tp n..................................................................................................................................................................130
Table of Contents
ii

Cp nht PubMed ..................................................................................................................................................140
Tr gip.................................................................................................................................................................142
Agenda
iii

Tp hun NLM: PubMed
Thi Kha Biu

GI CH
8:30 8:45 Tip n
8:45 9:00 Gii thiu NLM v PubMed
9:00 9:15 C g trong PubMed
9:15 10:15 T kha MeSH Medical Subject Headings
10:15 10:30 GII LAO
10:30 12:00 Xy dng Tm kim (phn I)
12:00 1:00 N TRA
1:00 2:30 Xy dng Tm kim (phn II)
2:30 2:45 GII LAO
2:45 3:15 Qun l Kt qu
3:15 3:30 Lu Tm kim
3:30 3:45 Xem Bi bo
3:45 4:15 Cng c B sung
4:15 4:45 Bi tp n
4:45 5:00 B ging
Goals and Objectives
iv

Mc tiu

Khi kt thc lp tp hun, bn c th:

Hiu kh nng v ni dung PubMed.
Hiu cch s dng t kha MeSH m t v truy cp cc trch dn.
Xy dng mt tm kim bng cch s dng MeSH v cc cng c tm kim PubMed
(Details, Limits, History, Search Builder, etc.)
Qun l Kt qu bng cch s dng cc chc nng hin th, xp th t, khay nh tm, lu,
in, gi email v t mua.
Lu phng php tm kim.
Hin th theo mun (s dng My NCBI).
Lin kt n bi bo ton vn v cc ngun thng tin khc.
S dng cc b lc v cc vn tin c bit v cc cng c PubMed/NCBI khc.
PubMed Introduction to PubMed
1
Gii thiu Th vin Y khoa Quc gia Hoa K

Th vin Y khoa Quc gia Hoa K (NLM), thuc Vin Y t Quc gia, l th vin y khoa ln
nht th gii. Cc b su tp ca Th vin Y khoa Quc gia bao gm by triu quyn sch, tp
ch, bo co k thut, bn tho, vi phim, hnh chp v hnh v y hc v cc khoa hc c lin
quan, k c mt s cng trnh c nht v him nht th gii.
Introduction to PubMed PubMed
2

Gii thiu PubMed (pubmed.gov)

NLM phn loi t liu y sinh t nm 1879, gip nhn vin y t truy cp thng tin cn
thit nghin cu, chm sc y t v gio dc.
Index Medicus, tng l mt b sch in ch dn ng n cc bi bo, nay tr thnh
mt c s d liu l MEDLINE
. MEDLINE cha nhng trch dn tp ch v cc tm tt

ca t liu y sinh khp th gii.
T nm 1996, MEDLINE cho cng chng truy cp trc tuyn min ph qua PubMed

Hnh 1: Trang Ch NLM http://www.nlm.nih.gov/

PubMed l mt c s d liu son tho bi Trung tm Thng tin Cng ngh Sinh hc Quc
gia (NCBI), ti Th vin Y khoa Quc gia, c trn Mng.
PubMed l mt trong vi c s d liu thuc h thng truy cp NCBIs Entrez.
PubMed hin bao gm hn 20 triu trch dn th mc.
PubMed cng c ng dn n ton vn cc bi bo ti trang web ca cc nh xut bn c
tham gia, cng nh n nhng d liu sinh hc, d liu th t, t cc c s d liu Entrez
v t cc i tc th ba.
PubMed Introduction to PubMed
3

Lin h gia nhng c s d liu Entrez

PubMed cung cp ng dn n cc c s d liu sinh hc phn t tch hp ca NCBI. Cc
c s d liu ny gm c: th t DNA v protein, d liu i chiu genome, cu trc protein
3-D, th t xp hng t cc nhm dn, Di truyn Mendel Ngi Trc tuyn (OMIM). Lin
kt gia cc mu tin MEDLINE v cc mu tin th t gip d tm c cc bn tm tt
MEDLINE i km vi cc mu tin th t v ngc li.

PubMed cng cung cp ng dn n thng tin ha hc trong cc c s d liu PubChem
Substance, PubChem Compound v PubChem.

S sau minh ha cc mi lin h gia mt s ngun thng tin trong Entrez:

Xem mi lin h gia cc lin kt Entrez ti http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Database/
Whats in PubMed PubMed
4

C g trong PubMed

Hu ht cc mu tin PubMed l trch dn MEDLINE.
Cc mu tin khc cc giai on khc nhau trong qu trnh x l (gm cc mu tin do
nh xut bn tp ch trc tip cung cp) nhng s l trch dn MEDLINE.
Mt s tng i t cc mu tin c trong PubMed nhng khng c chn vo
MEDLINE.
Trch dn MEDLINE

PubMed cung cp ng truy cp n MEDLINE, c s d liu th mc hng u ca Th vin
Y khoa Quc gia, cha trch dn v bn tm tt ca tc gi t khong 5.500 tp ch y sinh hc
xut bn Hoa K v cc nc khc.

MEDLINE bao gm nhiu chuyn ngnh khc nhau nh vi sinh hc, cung cp chm sc y t,
dinh dng, dc l hc v sc khe mi trng. Trong MEDLINE c bt k loi no t gii
phu hc, sinh vt, bnh, tm thn hc, tm l hc n cc khoa hc vt l.

MEDLINE hin c hn 18 triu ti liu tham kho t nm 1946 hoc sm hn n nay.
Ti liu mi c b sung t Th Ba n Th By.
Bao ph ton cu, nhng a s nhng mu tin nhp gn y nht (khong 92%) t cc
ngun thng tin ting Anh hoc c tm tt ting Anh.
Khong 82% cc trch dn c bi tm tt xut bn.
Chn Tp ch MEDLINE

y ban Tng quan K thut Chn T liu (LSTRC) hp mt nm ba ln v xem xt
khong 140 tp ch xin vo MEDLINE mi ln hp.
Chp thun cui cng bi Gim c Th vin Y khoa Quc gia.
Cc tp ch c xem xt v phm vi, cht lng ni dung, cht lng bin tp, cht
lng in n, c gi v loi ni dung.
Mun bit thm chi tit, hy xem NLM Fact Sheet, MEDLINE Journal Selection, ti
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/jsel.html.
PubMed Whats in PubMed
5
MEDLINE
Trch dn Th mc Cn bn

Mt trch dn MEDLINE i din cho mt bi bo v gm c nhng trng cung cp thng tin
c th (Nhan , Tc gi, Ngn ng,) ca bi bo ny. Cc thng tin sau y thng c
cung cp:

Nhan ca bi bo

Tn ca cc Tc gi

Tm tt c xut bn cng vi bi bo

T kha MeSH

Thng tin v Tp ch

Ni lm vic ca Tc gi u tin

Ngn ng xut bn ca bi bo

Loi bi bo (m t loi bi bo, nh tng quan, th,)

Mt mu trch dn MEDLINE t PubMed nh sau.
6

Mu tin PubMed MEDLINE (mu)

7

Trch dn c nhp vo PubMed cch no
Cc mu tin hoc c nh xut bn cung cp theo dng in t hoc c to ra bng
cch qut v nhn dng k t quang hc (OCR) ti NLM.
Trch dn lp tc c sn thng qua PubMed. Tt c cc trch dn phi tri qua qu trnh
kim sot cht lng v cc trch dn t tp ch MEDLINE c phn loi.
Tt c cc trch dn hin th mt ghi ch tnh trng, cho bit giai on x l. Xem bng
Summary trn trang 12.
Trch dn do nh xut bn cung cp
Chng l nhng trch dn c nh xut bn cung cp theo dng in t trc tip cho
PubMed. Nhng trch dn ny sau c chuyn n B phn Phn loi NLM c x
l. (Khng phi tt c cc trch dn c cung cp theo dng in t).

Cc trch dn nhn c theo dng in t c ghi ch tnh trng: [PubMed - as supplied by
publisher].

Mu trch dn PubMed c np theo dng in t nhng cha bt u x l:

Lu ghi
ch tnh
trng
[PubMed
as supplied by publisher].

ang X l
Nhng trch dn ny c xem xt a vo MEDLINE v nu c duyt, sau c
phn loi vi t kha MeSH
. Ngoi ra d liu th mc ca nhng mu tin ny s c kim

tra tnh chnh xc.

Nhng mu tin ang c x l mang ghi ch tnh trng: [PubMed in process].

Nhng mu tin ang x l c nhp vo PubMed t Th Ba n Th By.

Mu trch dn ang x l trong PubMed:

Lu
ghi ch
tnh
trng

8

Trch dn MEDLINE

Sau khi t kha MeSH (t vng c kim sot ca NLM) v cc t phn loi khc c
thm vo, cc trch dn ang x l tr thnh mu tin MEDLINE. Nhng mu tin hon
thnh cng c kim tra v tnh chnh xc th mc.

Cc mu tin c phn loi y mang ghi ch tnh trng [PubMed indexed for
MEDLINE].

Cc mu tin MEDLINE c nhp vo PubMed t Th Ba n Th By.

Mu trch dn MEDLINE trong PubMed:

Lu ghi ch
tnh trng
[PubMed
indexed for MEDLINE].
9

Trch dn OLDMEDLINE

Khong 2 triu trch dn (hu ht khng c tm tt) l t hai bn ch dn in ra giy
xut bn t nm 1946 n nm 1965: Cumulated Index Medicus (CIM) v Current
List of Medical Literature (CLML).

Cc trch dn ny t cc tp ch y sinh hc quc t, gm cc chuyn khoa y hc, cc
khoa hc tin lm sng v cc khoa hc sc khe c lin quan.

Cc trch dn OLDMEDLINE c to nn bng cch s dng nhng tiu chun
khc vi cc tiu chun nhp liu i vi mu tin MEDLINE. Cng c khc nhau
gia nhng trch dn OLDMEDLINE v hin th trng d liu cng nh nh dng,
ty theo ngun thng tin gc m trch dn c nhn.

T nm 2005, t phn loi gc p dng cho nhng trch dn trong bng ch dn in ra
giy c i chiu vi t kha MeSH hin ti.

Cc mu tin OLDMEDLINE mang ghi ch tnh trng [PubMed OLDMEDLINE]
trc khi tt c cc t kha gc c i chiu vi t kha MeSH hin ti. Khi tt c
cc t kha c i chiu, mu tin c chuyn sang tnh trng [PubMed
indexed for MEDLINE].

Mu trch dn OLDMEDLINE trong PubMed:

10

Trch dn khng c phn loi bng t kha MeSH

Mt s trch dn khng bao gi tr thnh trch dn MEDLINE.
Nhng mu tin ny khng c phn loi bng t kha MeSH.
Nhng mu tin ny mang ghi ch tnh trng hoc l [PubMed] hoc l [PubMed as
supplied by publisher].

C bn ngun gc ca nhng loi mu tin ny:

1. Cc bi bo ngoi lnh vc t trong cc tp ch c chn phn loi MEDLINE

iu ny c th xy ra khi mt bi bo c th trong mt tp ch c chn phn loi l
ngoi phm vi MEDLINE (nh l bi bo a cht hc trong mt tp ch khoa hc tng
qut nh Science hoc Nature).
Nhng trch dn ny c xem xt v tnh chnh xc ca d liu th mc.
Ghi ch tnh trng [PubMed] xut hin trn nhng trch dn ny.

Mu trch dn i vi mt bi bo ngoi phm vi ca MEDLINE:

Lu ghi ch tnh trng
[PubMed].

Mu trch dn i vi mt bi bo trong cng quyn ny, c phn loi
MEDLINE:

Lu ghi ch tnh trng
[PubMed indexed for
MEDLINE].

2. Bi bo t nhng quyn tp ch xut bn trc khi c chn vo MEDLINE

Nhng trch dn trc ny s khng c phn loi vi t kha MeSH.
Trc cui nm 2003:
nhng trch dn ny khng c xem xt v tnh chnh xc ca d liu th mc
ghi ch tnh trng [PubMed as supplied by publisher] xut hin.
T cui nm 2003:
nhng trch dn ny c xem xt v tnh chnh xc ca d liu th mc
ghi ch tnh trng [PubMed] xut hin.

Th d: NLM bt u phn loi tp ch The Neurologist tp 9, quyn 1, 2003. Tuy nhin
nh xut bn cung cp cho NLM nhng trch dn in t t nhng tp trc
. Nhng trch dn t nhng tp trc c nhp vo PubMed nhng s
khng c phn loi vi t kha MeSH.
11

Lu ghi ch tnh trng
[PubMed] trn mt mu tin
trong tp 8, 2002.

Lu ghi ch tnh trng [PubMed indexed for
MEDLINE] trn mt mu tin trong tp 9, 2003.

Thng tin phn loi mt tp ch c th c th tm thy trong trng Current Indexing
Status trong Journals Database.

3. Bi bo trong cc tp ch khng phi MEDLINE

T thng By 2005:
cc trch dn c xem xt v tnh chnh xc ca d liu th mc
ghi ch tnh trng [PubMed] xut hin

Bn tho ca tc gi trong PubMed Central (PMC) bnh thng khng trong PubMed.

4. Cc sch v chng sch t c s d liu NCBI Books

Cc sch chn lc c trch dn nhan v chng trong PubMed
Ghi ch tnh trng [PubMed] xut hin
tm kim trch dn sch trong PubMed, hy nhp pmcbook vo tm kim PubMed.

Xem bng Citation Status Tags Summary trang sau.
12

Bng Tm tt Tnh trng Trch dn PubMed
Ghi ch Tnh trng Tnh trng
Phn loi
MeSH?
Kim tra
d liu
th
mc?
Cch tm kim
PubMed - as supplied by publisher
Trch dn dng in t khi tip
nhn ln u.
Trch dn t cc quyn xut bn
trc khi tp ch c chn phn
loi MEDLINE (mu tin tip
nhn trc cui nm 2003).
Trch dn t tp ch khng-
MEDLINE (mu tin tip nhn
trc thng 6.2005)
Khng Khng publisher [sb] NOT
pubstatusnihms NOT
pubstatuspmcsd NOT
pmcbook
PubMed - in process
Trch dn ang c xt a
vo MEDLINE.
Khng Khng in process [sb]
PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
Trch dn phn loi hon ton. C C medline [sb]
PubMed - OLDMEDLINE
Trch dn ban u c in ra
trong sch ch dn t 1946 n
1965 m tt c cc t kha cha
c chuyn sang t kha MeSH
hin ti.
Mt phn C oldmedline [sb]
PubMed
Bi bo ngoi phm vi t cc tp
ch phn loi MEDLINE c chn
lc.
T cui 2003, trch dn t cc
quyn ca tp ch xut bn trc
khi c chn phn loi
MEDLINE.
T thng 6.2005, trch dn t cc
tp ch khng-MEDLINE.
Trch dn ca bi bo c ton vn
trong PubMed Central (PMC) vn
bnh thng khng c trong
PubMed.
Trch dn ca cc sch v chng
sch c chn trong c s d
liu NCBI Books.
Khng C pubmednotmedline [sb]
OR pmcbook OR
(publisher [sb] AND
(pubstatusnihms OR
pubstatuspmcsd))

PubMed Introduction to MeSH
13

Medical Subject Headings (T vng MeSH
)

Xem video gii thiu MeSH ti Branching Out: The MeSH Vocabulary
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/disted/video/

MeSH l g?

Vit tt ca Medical Subject Headings
Ging nh t kha trn cc h thng khc
c dng phn loi cc bi bo MEDLINE v cng c dng phn loi sch v
ti liu nghe nhn.
c ngi tm kim s dng
Sa cha hng nm
Gip phn loi t liu y sinh mt cch ng dng v nht qun v l mt chc nng ring
c ca MEDLINE.

T MeSH gm 4 loi t:

T kha (Headings)
Loi n phm (Publication Types)
T kha ph (Subheadings)
Mu tin Khi nim Ph (Supplementary Concept Records)

T kha MeSH

T kha MeSH i din cho nhng khi nim tm thy trong t liu y sinh.
T kha MeSH v Loi n phm c sp xp thnh hnh cy gi l Cu trc Cy
MeSH.

V d ca t kha MeSH:

Body Weight
Kidney
Dental Cavity Preparation
Self Medication
Radioactive Waste
Brain Edema

Introduction to MeSH PubMed
14

Cu trc Cy MeSH

T MeSH c t chc thnh 16 nhnh chnh:

A. Gii phu hc (Anatomy)
B. Sinh vt (Organisms)
C. Bnh (Diseases)
D. Ha cht v Thuc (Chemical and Drugs)
E. K thut v Thit b Phn tch, Chn on v iu tr (Analytical, Diagnostic and
Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment)
F. Tm thn hc v Tm l hc (Psychiatry and Psychology)
G. Hin tng v Qu trnh (Phenomena and Processes)
H. o to v Ngh nghip (Disciplines and Occupations)
I. Nhn hc, Gio dc, X hi hc v Hin tng X hi (Anthropology, Education,
Sociology and Social Phenomena)
J. Cng ngh, Cng nghip, Nng nghip (Technology, Industry, Agriculture)
K. Nhn vn (Humanities)
L. Khoa hc Thng tin (Information Science)
M. Nhm c t tn (Named Groups)
N. Chm sc Y t (Health Care)
V. c tnh Xut bn (Publication Characteristics)
Z. V tr a l (Geographic Locations)

Mi t kha c mt s cy xc nh v tr ca t trong thang bc.

Eye [A01.456.505.420]
Eyebrows [A01.456.505.420.338]
Eyelids [A01.456.505.420.504]
Eyelashes [A01.456.505.420.504.421]

Mt s t kha c nhiu s cy bi v chng xut hin nhiu ch trong thang bc.

Do mt t ngha rng c cc t ngha hp hn nm tht vo bn di, khi tm kim mt t
ngha rng, cc t ngha hp hn cng c t ng tm. Vic ny gi l M RNG
(EXPLODE).

15
C s d liu MeSH

MeSH l tn ca mt c s d liu Entrez gip ngi dng MeSH chn cc t thch hp
tm kim. C s d liu ny cung cp cc thng tin v t MeSH gm:

o nh ngha
o T ng ngha
o T c lin quan
o V tr ca t kha trong thang bc MeSH

Chng ta c th s dng c s d liu MeSH xem loi thng tin i km vi mi t MeSH:

Nhp vo MeSH Database trn trang ch hoc chn MeSH t trong hp chn
c s d liu v nhp vo Search:

G vo cell proliferation v nhp vo Search:

Trong kt qu, nhp vo Cell Proliferation:

16

Mu tin y ca Cell Proliferation hin ra:

17
S dng cc lin kt trong ct bn phi vo NLM MeSH Browser xem cc thng tin b
sung:

NLM MeSH Browser l cng c c cc ngi phn loi bi bo v phn loi sch s dng.

18

Phn loi vi t kha MeSH

Ngi phn loi NLM MEDLINE xem xt bi bo v gn (cc) t kha chuyn bit nht
m t cc khi nim chnh c bn lun.
Khi khng c mt t kha MeSH chuyn bit no dnh cho khi nim ny, ngi phn loi
s s dng t kha MeSH c sn gn nht, tng qut hn.
Ngi phn loi s gn s t kha ph hp bao gm cc ch ca bi bo (thng
t 5 n 15).
T kha MeSH phn nh cc im chnh ca bi bo c ngi phn loi nh du sao (*).
Thng tin c ngi phn loi cung cp gm:
ch bi bo
nhm tui c nghin cu
nghin cu trn ngi hay trn ng vt
nghin cu trn nam hay n
loi bi bo (TD. bi bo tng quan)

Article Title:
Hormone therapy in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: examining the evidence on
cardiovascular disease risks.

Abstract:
Women may live for 30 years or longer after menopause with cardiovascular disease as their
highest mortality risk. Menopause may correspond to health alterations for women, yet the use of
estrogen during and after this transition has been controversial for the past four decades. The
evidence from recent scientific studies does not support the use of hormone therapy for the
prevention or treatment of cardiovascular disease, which has resulted in its removal from national
guideline recommendations. However, because of concerns related to specific aspects of the
research, there are gaps in the evidence. Studies are under way to evaluate alternate methods for
hormone delivery, low-dose hormone therapy, and selective estrogen receptor modulators
(SERMs) in reducing cardiovascular risks in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.
Implications for clinical nursing practice include education as well as assessment and counseling
related to individual risk factors.

Publication Types:
Review

MeSH Terms:
Aged
Cardiovascular Diseases/chemically induced*
Estrogen Replacement Therapy/adverse effects*
Evidence-Based Medicine
Female
Humans
Middle Aged
Perimenopause*
Postmenopause*
Risk Factors

19
T kha ph

T kha ph m t chi tit hn mt kha cnh chuyn su ca mt t kha MeSH.

Danh sch ton b cc t kha ph:
Abnormalities ab Isolation & purification ip
Administration & dosage ad Legislation & jurisprudence lj
Adverse effects ae Manpower ma
Agonists ag Metabolism me
Analogs & derivatives aa Methods my
Analysis an Microbiology mi
Anatomy & histology ah Mortality mo
Antagonists & inhibitors ai Nursing nu
Biosynthesis bi Organization & administration og
Blood bl Parasitology ps
Blood supply bs Pathogenicity py
Cerebrospinal fluid cf Pathology pa
Chemical synthesis cs Pharmacokinetics pk
Chemically induced ci Pharmacology pd
Chemistry ch Physiology ph
Classification cl Physiopathology pp
Complications co Poisoning po
Congenital cn Prevention & control pc
Contraindications ct Psychology px
Cytology cy Radiation effects re
Deficiency df Radiography ra
Diagnosis di Radionuclide imaging ri
Diagnostic use du Radiotherapy rt
Diet therapy dh Rehabilitation rh
Drug effects de Secondary sc
Drug therapy dt Secretion se
Economics ec Standards st
Education ed Statistics & numerical data sn
Embryology em Supply & distribution sd
Enzymology en Surgery su
Epidemiology ep Therapeutic use tu
Ethics es Therapy th
Ethnology eh Toxicity to
Etiology et Transmission tm
Genetics ge Transplantation tr
Growth & development gd Trends td
History hi Ultrasonography us
Immunology im Ultrastructure ul
Injuries in Urine ur
Innervation ir Utilization ut
Instrumentation is Veterinary ve
Virology vi
20

Nhm t kha ph

Cc t kha ph c lin quan c xp thnh nhm, gip truy cp b sung, c lin quan.
Khng phi tt c cc t kha ph c xp vo cc nhm ny mt s khng ph hp.

Families of Subheading Explosions

adverse effects
poisoning
toxicity

analysis
blood
cerebrospinal fluid
isolation & purification
urine

anatomy & histology
blood supply
cytology
pathology
ultrastructure
embryology
abnormalities
innervation

chemistry
agonists
analogs & derivatives
antagonists & inhibitors
chemical synthesis

complications
secondary

cytology
pathology
ultrastructure

diagnosis
pathology
radiography
radionuclide imaging
ultrasonography

embryology
abnormalities

epidemiology
ethnology
mortality
etiology
chemically induced
complications
secondary
congenital
embryology
genetics
immunology
microbiology
virology
parasitology
transmission

metabolism
biosynthesis
blood
cerebrospinal fluid
deficiency
enzymology
pharmacokinetics
urine

microbiology
virology

organization & admin
economics
legislation & jurisprudence
manpower
standards
supply & distribution
trends
utilization

pharmacology
administration & dosage
adverse effects
poisoning
toxicity
agonists
antagonists & inhibitors
contraindications
diagnostic use
pharmacokinetics
physiology
genetics
growth & development
immunology
metabolism
biosynthesis
blood
cerebrospinal fluid
deficiency
enzymology
pharmacokinetics
urine
physiopathology
secretion

statistics & numerical data
epidemiology
ethnology
mortality
supply & distribution
utilization

surgery
transplantation

therapeutic use
administration & dosage
adverse effects
contraindications
poisoning

therapy
diet therapy
drug therapy
nursing
prevention & control
radiotherapy
rehabilitation
surgery
transplantation

21
Pharmacologic Action Terms (T tc dng dc l)

Mi t kha MeSH dc phm v ha cht c gn mt hoc nhiu t kha m t tc dng
dc l c bit (PA Pharmacologic Action).

T nm 1996, ngi phn loi NLM b sung cc t kha MeSH tc dng dc l ph hp,
cng nh t kha MeSH ha hc c th vo mt trch dn khi tc dng ca ha cht c
bn lun trong bi bo.

Th d:

Cc tc dng dc l dnh cho t kha MeSH Aspirin:

Tc dng dc l
Tc dng dc l
Tc dng dc l
Tc dng dc l

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
Fibrinolytic Agents
Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors

Mt trch dn n bi bo bn lun v aspirin c s dng nh l mt cht chng vim
s c gn:

Aspirin
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal

Mt trch dn n bi bo bn lun v aspirin c s dng c ch ng cc mu s
c gn:

Aspirin
Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors

Xem The Basics of MeSH in MEDLINE/PubMed (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/disted/mesh/),
lin kt t Tutorials trn trang ch PubMed bit thm thng tin v tm kim vi cc t tc
dng dc l.
22

Cc loi t vng MeSH khc

Cc khi nim ph (Supplementary Concepts)
Hn 186,000 t.
Ch yu l cc cht, nhng cng gm c mt s qui trnh v cc bnh him gp.
Hin th trong trng RN trn mu ghi MEDLINE v bn di Substances hoc
Supplementary Concepts trong hin th Abstract ca PubMed.

D liu trong mu ghi c s d liu MeSH Khi nim Ph c th gm c:
Name of substance: Th d: cordycepin
Date Introduced: Ngy mu ghi c thm vo t vng
Registry Number: Th d: 73-03-0. Mt s c nht c gn cho ha cht bi Chemical
Abstract Service, hoc mt m dnh cho enzyme c gn bi Commission on Biological
Nomenclature. C th hin th l khng (0), thng dnh cho cc t i vi mt nhm hoc
mt loi hp cht.
Heading Mapped to: T MeSH c dng phn loi khi nim trong MEDLINE
Entry Term: T ng ngha c th c s dng tm kim khi nim ny
Previous Indexing: T kha MeSH c dng trc khi c t kha hin ti
Pharmacologic Action: Tc dng ca mt dc phm hoc ha cht c bo co trong ti
liu, TD. Antifungal Agents hoc Antineoplastic Agents

23
Age Group MeSH Headings (T kha MeSH nhm tui)

Chng l nhng t kha MeSH ch tui ca con ngi c bn lun trong bi bo:

Infant, Newborn Mi sanh n 1 thng
Infant 1 n 23 thng
Child, Preschool 2 n 5 tui
Child 6 n 12 tui
Adolescent 13 n 18 tui
Young Adult 19 n 24 tui
Adult 19 n 44 tui
Middle aged 45 n 64 tui
Aged 65 n 79 tui
80 and over hn 80 tui

Publication Types (Loi n phm)

Loi n phm m t loi ti liu c phn loi.
Loi thng gp nht l Journal Article. Cc loi n phm khc gm c:

Clinical Trial
Retraction of Publication
Comment
Review
Practice Guideline
Twin Study
Retracted Publication

Loi n phm c th c tm kim trong c s d liu MeSH. Cc nh ngha c cung
cp.
Chng l mt phn ca cy MeSH (V category).

24

GHI CH
25

Bi tp: Gii thiu MeSH
Hon thnh cc bi tp sau theo ch nh ca ngi dy.

S dng C s d liu MeSH tr li cc cu hi sau.

1. Nu bn tm kim t phytotherapy trong PubMed, cc t MeSH no khc t ng c
a vo trong tm kim?

2. Bn c th tm kim ngc thi gian n u vi t MeSH Proteomics?

3. Cc tui no c trong t Child?

4. T MeSH thch hp no dnh cho chewing?

Xong cha? Hy ng k e-mail hoc RSS cp nht ca NLM Technical Bulletin (bn tin web
dnh cho ngi tm kim NLM) ti http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/stay_current.html.

26

Gii p Gii thiu MeSH

S dng C s d liu MeSH tr li cc cu hi sau.

1. Nu bn tm kim t phytotherapy trong PubMed, cc t MeSH no khc t ng c
a vo trong tm kim?

Aromatherapy and Eclecticism, Historical

2. Bn c th tm kim ngc thi gian n u vi t MeSH Proteomics?

n nm 2003. T 2000-2002, s dng t Proteome.

3. Cc tui no c trong t Child?

T Child trong MeSH bao gm tr em t 6 n 12 tui. Child, Preschool, vn bao
gm tr em t 2 n 5 tui, c xp cch u dng di Child. Tm kim t child
trong PubMed do s bao gm t 2 n 12 tui.

4. T MeSH thch hp no dnh cho chewing?

Mastication.

PubMed Building the Search
27

Xy dng Tm kim

Tm kim C bn

Tm kim: Tm trch dn n cc bi bo v indigestion and abdominal pain.

Nhp cc t tm kim
Nhp cc t chnh vo tm kim (TD. indigestion abdominal pain).
Nhp vo nt Search.
Cun xung n Search details kim tra li din dch ca PubMed (s ni r hn v sau
trong sch ny).
Dng nt Clear xa ni dung ca tm kim.

Building the Search PubMed
28

Mn hnh Kt qu Tm kim

Khi bn nhp vo Search hoc n nt Enter, PubMed s t ng:

Tin hnh tm kim
Truy cp v hin th cc trch dn (kt qu hin th theo th t nhp vo cui cng, ra u tin)
Cung cp ty chn lu tm kim thng qua My NCBI v mt ty chn lu tm kim vo
khay RSS.

Mn hnh kt qu PubMed i vi tm kim indigestion abdominal pain. Thng tin thm v kt qu
c trnh by trong phn Managing the Results t trang 95.

tm
kim hin
th tm
kim hin
ti

Ty chn
Display
settings
v
Send to:
c th
iu chnh
c

Trch dn
hin th
theo nh
dng
Summary

29
Automatic Term Mapping ATM (Tm T T ng)
Search details
Bn c th thy cch PubMed x l tm kim bng cch xem Search details ct bn phi ca
trang kt qu tm kim:

Nhp vo See more m trang Search details

Trang Search Details cho thy tm kim ca bn c din dch hoc i chiu vi cc t
phn loi trong c s d liu.

Xem gii
thch v
ton t
Boolean
(AND, OR)
ti trang
49

Translatio
ns hin ra
trong hp
mu xm
di y mn hnh.

Mt lin kt n Details screen cng c ti mn hnh Advanced Search. Hy nhp vo
Advanced Search cnh cc nt hp tm kim,

sau nhp vo Details:

30

31
T nhp vo tm kim m khng c ui, TD. [au] c i chiu vi:
Ch , s dng
o Bng Din dch MeSH (Medical Subject Headings)
Tp ch, s dng
o Bng Din dch Tp ch
Tc gi v Nh nghin cu, s dng
o Bng Din dch Tc gi y
o Ch dn Tra cu Tc gi
o Bng Din dch Nh nghin cu y
o Ch dn Tra cu Nh nghin cu

1. Bng Din dch MeSH c:
T kha MeSH
T kha Ph
Loi n phm
i chiu T Nhp (tc l t ng ngha) ca t kha MeSH
i chiu trch t H thng Ngn ng Y khoa Thng nht (UMLS)
Khi nim Ph v ng ngha vi Khi nim Ph

Nu khng tm thy trong bng din dch:
t c i chiu vi t kha MeSH thch hp v c tm nh l t kha MeSH
t tm kim ca ngi tm kim v t MeSH c i chiu s c tm trong tt c cc trng

Th d:

Din dch PubMed:
""foot"[MeSH Terms] OR "foot"[All Fields] OR "feet"[All Fields]"

Feet l mt t ng ngha ca t MeSH Foot.

Khi mt t c tm kim nh l mt t kha MeSH, PubMed t ng tm t ny v
cc t chuyn su hn nm bn di cy MeSH. Vic ny c gi l m rng mt
t.

Th d, khi tm nh l mt t kha MeSH, PubMed s tm kim t Foot, cng nh
(cc) t chuyn su hn trong cy MeSH:

Cm cm t i chiu c tm trong tt c cc trng nh l mt cm t v c chia thnh cc
t ring l, vi ngoi l i vi cc cm t i chiu vi Khi nim Ph (cht) hoc t kha MeSH
vn gm c mt con s n c hoc mt k t ring l. Chng c tm ch nh l cm t trong
tt c cc trng.

32

Th d:

Din dch PubMed:
"muscular atrophy"[MeSH Terms] OR ("muscular"[All Fields] AND "atrophy"[All
Fields]) OR "muscular atrophy"[All Fields] OR ("muscle"[All Fields] AND "atrophy"[All
Fields]) OR "muscle atrophy"[All Fields]

Th d:

Din dch PubMed:
"protein c"[MeSH Terms] OR "protein c"[All Fields]

2. Journals Translation Table (Bng Din dch Tp ch) c:

Tn tp ch u
Ch vit tt MEDLINE
M s Chun Quc t (ISSN)

Th d:

Din dch PubMed:
"J Cell Biol"[Journal] OR "the journal of cell biology"[All Fields]

Nu tn mt tp ch cng l mt t kha MeSH hoc l tn ch c mt t, PubMed s tm
t ny nh l mt t kha MeSH v trong tt c cc trng. Th d, Science khng c
ui c tm: "science"[MeSH Terms] OR "science"[All Fields]. gii hn tm kim
vo tn mt tp ch, hy s dng trang Limits hoc ui [ta], TD. science [ta]

3. Full Author Translation Table (Bng Din dch Tc gi y ) c:

Tn tc gi y ca cc bi bo xut bn t nm 2002 n nay v ca cc tp ch s dng
tn tc gi y .

Tn tc gi y c th c g vo theo th t t nhin v hoc o ngc:

julia s wong
wong julia s
Khi tm mt tn y theo th t ngc, thng t du pht sau h, b cc du sau k t bt
u v t tt c cc tip v ng, TD. Jr, cui cng. Th d, tm tc gi Bruce J. Herron, bn c
th s dng bt c nh dng no sau y:

33
herron, bruce j
herron bruce j
bruce j herron

i vi mt s tn, cn phi phn bit tn no l h bng cch s dng du pht sau h:

ryan, james
james, ryan

Tm kim tn tc gi y cho php t ng rt gn tn ring. Nu bn khng bit tn lt, ch
cn g vo h v tn ring.

herron bruce

4. Author Index (Ch dn Tra cu Tc gi)

Tn tc gi, i vi tt c cc nm xut bn, c trong dng tn h (khong trng) k t u tin.
Hy s dng nh dng ny khi tm kim.

Th d: obrien jm
adams sh
pogonka t

Nu ch mt k t u tin c s dng, PubMed t ng xem k t ny nh l k t ng
u i din cho cc k t ng u khc.

Th d:

Tm kim ny truy cp cc trch dn n bi bo vit ra bi obrien j, obrien ja, obrien jz, v.v.

Nu ch g vo ch c h ca mt tc gi, PubMed s tm tn trong tt c cc trng
(Trng tn cng vi cc trng c th tm kim c khc). N khng mc nh tm
trong Ch dn Tra cu Tc gi bi v h khng c mt k t u tin theo sau. Khi h
trng vi mt t kha MeSH, PubMed s tm t ny trong MeSH cng nh trong tt
c cc trng. gii hn tm kim vo tn tc gi, hy s dng Limits hoc ci ui
[au], TD. obrien [au].

5. Bng Din dch Nh nghin cu y v Ch dn Tra cu Nh nghin cu

Nhng nh nghin cu l nhng c nhn gp cng vo nghin cu nhng c th khng tham
gia son tho bi bo.

Tn trong Bng Din dch Nh nghin cu y v Ch dn Tra cu Nh nghin cu c
nh dng v tm kim cng mt cch nh Bng Tn Tc gi y d v Ch dn Tra cu Tc
gi (xem pha trn).

34

Nu khng tm c?

PubMed tch ri cm t v lp li qui trnh tm t t ng cho n khi tm c.

Nhng t khng tm c s c tm trong All Fields. Nhng t ring l s c kt hp
(AND) li.

Th d:

Din dch PubMed:

text[All Fields] AND messaging[All Fields]

PubMed tch ri mt cm t di t phi sang tri:

Th d:

Tm: Kt qu: Hnh ng:
head lice shampoo Khng tm c
Loi b t bn phi tin hnh Tm T T
ng li.
head lice
Tm c trong Bng
Din dch MeSH
head lice s c tm nh sau
"pediculus"[MeSH Terms] OR
"pediculus"[All Fields] OR ("head"[All
Fields] AND "lice"[All Fields]) OR "head
lice"[All Fields]
shampoo
Khng tm c trong
Bng Din dch
shampoo s c tm nh sau
shampoo[All Fields]

PubMed sau kt hp (AND) cc t to ra mt cch tm n c:

"pediculus"[MeSH Terms] OR "pediculus"[All Fields] OR ("head"[All Fields] AND "lice"[All
Fields]) OR "head lice"[All Fields]
AND
shampoo[All Fields]

35
Tm Cm t

PubMed tm cc cm t trong nhng iu kin:

1. Cm t c tm thy trong cc bng MeSH, tp ch, tc gi hoc nh nghin cu hoc ch
dn tra cu trong qui trnh tm t t ng
2. Cm t c g vo vi ui tm kim:
kidney allograft [tw]
3. Cm t c gi trong ngoc kp: (Nu khng c ui tm kim, vic tm kim s c tin
hnh trong tt c cc trng).
kidney allograft
4. T c du ni:
first-line
5. T c du i din:
kidney allograft*

Th d:

Din dch PubMed: "text messaging"[All Fields]

Nhng nh dng trn ca vic tm cm t ra lnh PubMed b qua vic tm t t ng. Thay vo
, PubMed tm cm t ny trong Ch dn Tra cu cc t c th tm. Nu cm t c trong Ch
dn Tra cu, PubMed s truy cp cc trch dn c cha cm t.

PubMed c th khng tm c mt cm t bi v n khng c trong Ch dn Tra cu.

Khi bn t mt cm t trong du ngoc kp, PubMed s khng tin hnh tm t
t ng vn bao gm vic m rng t kha MeSH. Th d, health planning s
gm cc trch dn c t kha MeSH Health Planning, nhng s khng gm cc t
kha chuyn su hn (TD. Health Care Rationing, Health Care Reform) vn gm
c trong tm t MeSH t ng v m rng.

36

Bi tp: Tm T T ng v Tm Cm t

1. Tm cc ti liu tham kho v shingles (mn rp) v facial paralysis (lit mt). Shingles tng
ng vi t kha MeSH no? (Ch dn: Xem Search details t mn hnh kt qu tm kim.
Nhp vo See more xem trang y ).

2. Tm cc ti liu tham kho v hypertension (tng huyt p) v nosebleed (chy mu cam).
PubMed tm t nosebleed th no?

3. So snh tm kim wisdom teeth v wisdom teeth (c v khng c ngoc kp), s dng lin kt
Details trn mn hnh Advanced Search. iu g lm nn s khc nhau?

Xong cha? Hy ng k e-mail hoc RSS cp nht ca NLM Technical Bulletin (bn tin web dnh
cho ngi tm kim NLM) ti http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/stay_current.html.

37
Gii p: Tm T T ng v Tm Cm t

1. Tm cc ti liu tham kho v shingles (mn rp) v facial paralysis (lit mt). Shingles
tng ng vi t kha MeSH no? (Ch dn: Xem Search details t mn hnh kt qu tm
kim. Nhp vo See more xem trang y ).

G shingles facial paralysis vo tm kim, nhp vo Search. Xem Search details t mn hnh
kt qu tm kim v nhp vo See more xem t shingles c chuyn ra t kha MeSH
Herpes Zoster.

38

2. Tm cc ti liu tham kho v hypertension (tng huyt p) v nosebleed (chy mu cam).
PubMed tm t nosebleed th no?

G hypertension nosebleed vo hp tm kim v nhp vo Search. Xem Search details.

Chi tit:

T nosebleed c chuyn thnh t kha MeSH epistaxis.

39

3. So snh tm kim wisdom teeth v wisdom teeth (c v khng c ngoc kp), s dng
lin kt Details trn mn hnh Advanced Search. iu g lm nn s khc nhau?

S dng ngoc kp s b qua Tm T T ng v b st nhiu mu tin c phn loi vi
t kha MeSH Molar, Third:

40

Trch dn c lin quan

Trch dn trong PubMed c mt lin kt Related citations. Nhp vo lin kt ny s truy cp cc
trch dn trong PubMed c lin quan gn gi nht vi trch dn gc.

to ra danh sch cc Related citations, PubMed so snh cc t trong Nhan , Tm tt v t
kha MeSH (nu c) ca mi trch dn, s dng mt thut ton mnh cn nhc cc t.

Hin th cc trch dn c lin quan c xp theo mc lin quan t cao nht n thp nht.
Trch dn t bn lin kt c hin th u tin.

Gii thch chi tit v thut ton Related citations c trong PubMed Help (Tm Related
citations; ri nhp vo Finding articles related to a citation; ri nhp vo lin kt
algorithm).

Th d: Tm trch dn n cc bi bo v windshield splatter.

41
Limits

Limits gip bn ci t cc thng s thng dng vo cu tm kim, truy cp kt qu c
lin quan gn gi hn.

Nhp vo Limits pha trn hp tm kim trn bt k mn hnh PubMed no c cc chc nng ca
Limits. C th chn nhiu .

Lu rng cc Limits c chn xut hin pha trn hp tm kim ca bn.

tr v trang Limits nhm thay i cc la chn, hy nhp vo Change.
xa cc la chn Limits, hy nhp vo Remove.

Cc trang sau gii thch r hn v mi loi gii hn.

42

Dates:

PubMed cha cc trch dn xut bn t 1948. Cc trch dn
mi thng c b sung t th ba n th by.

Gii hn tm kim vo cc bi bo trong khong thi gian ci
t sn Published in the Last, hoc xc nh r khong thi
gian, s dng nh dng yyyy/mm/dd. Thng v ngy khng
bt buc c.

Lu rng PubMed s tm c thi gian xut bn in t ln
bn in khi tm mt khong thi gian. Nu dng mt thi im
n c, PubMed s tm ch thi im xut bn sm nht.

PubMed hin th kt qu tm kim theo th t nhp theo thi gian gim dn, TD. vo cui, ra u.

Gii hn theo Type of Article (Publication Type)

Dng gii hn truy cp da trn loi ti
liu m trch dn i din.
Cc chn la trn u l loi xut bn
thng tm.
Cun xung tm mt danh sch ABC cc
loi xut bn khc.
Cho php nhiu chn la (OR vi nhau).

Gii hn theo Languages

Cc tp ch xut bn bng khong 40 loi
ngn ng c phn loi.
Cc chn la trn u l cc ngn ng
thng tm.
Cun xung tm mt danh sch ABC y
cc ngn ng khc.

Gii hn theo by Species (Humans hoc Animals)
Dng gii hn vo mt nhm chuyn
bit.
Nu chn c hai, chng c AND vi
nhau.

43
Gii hn theo Sex
Dng gii hn theo gii tnh.
Nu chn c hai, chng c AND vi nhau.

Gii hn theo Subsets

Cho php gii hn truy cp vo ch , b tp ch hoc cc nhm mu tin:

AIDS
Bioethics
Cancer
Complementary Medicine
Core clinical journals: 120 English-language
journals from the formerly published Abridged
Index Medicus
Dental journals
Dietary Supplements
History of Medicine
MEDLINE
Nursing journals
Systematic Reviews
Toxicology
Veterinary Science


Mi Subset ch s dng mt phng php tm kim ring bit gip truy cp cc trch dn v
ch ny. Bn c th xem cc phng php ny ti
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/pubmed_subsets.html.

Gii hn theo Ages

Dng tm mt nhm tui c th hoc nhiu nhm
tui (OR vi nhau).

Text Options

Nhp vo thch hp gii hn vo nhng mu tin
lin kt n ton vn, n ton vn min ph hoc c
cha tm tt.

44

Search Field Tags

Chn mt ui tm kim c th gii hn cc tm kim tip theo
vo trng ny.

tt tt c cc gii hn trc khi bn tm kim ln na, nhp vo lin kt Remove
trong thng bo Limits Activated hoc vo nt Reset trn trang Limits.

45
T i din (tm tt c cc t bt u bng mt chui k t cho sn)

t du sao (*) vo cui mt chui cc k t tm tt c cc t bt u bng chui ny. Du
sao ch c s dng ti cui chui cc k t.

Th d: mimic* s tm tt c cc t bt u vi cc k t m-i-m-i-c-; TD. mimic, mimics, mimicing.

PubMed tm 600 bin th u tin ca mt t i din. Nu mt t i din, TD. tox*, c hn
600 bin th, PubMed hin th thng bo sau y trn mn hnh kt qu mu hng gn u mn
hnh:

T i din tt chc nng tm t t ng. Th d heart attack* s khng tm t kha
MeSH Myocardial Infarction hoc khng m rng ra bt c t no c ngha chuyn su
hn, TD. Myocardial Stunning.
Danh sch T m

PubMed cng so snh mi tm kim vi mt danh sch cc t thng gp, vn c xem nh
l t m. Cc t m c th b b qua. Danh sch ny c trong PubMeds Help.
Chc nng Kim tra Chnh t

a ra t thay th cho nhng t tm kim c li chnh t.
T g vo c ui tm kim (TD. [mh]; [majr]; [tw] s khng c a ra t thay th.

Th d:

Nhp vo ng lin kt t thay th bt u tm kim.

T thay th khng da vo mt t in m da vo s ln mt t xut hin
trong PubMed.
Chc nng kim tra chnh t khng hin th mt t thay th cho cc t sai
chnh t c s ln xut hin cao trong PubMed, hoc cho cc t c s hoc c
t hn nm k t.

46

Bi tp: Limits

1. Ch s dng tm kim, tm mt s thng tin v s dng mt ngi hin sng (living
donor) ghp gan (liver transplantation). S dng Limits, gii hn tm kim ny vo loi
n phm (Type of Article) Clinical Trial.

2. Tm cc ti liu tham kho v lao (tuberculosis) trong t liu AIDS c dng ton vn min
ph.


47

Gii p: Limits

1. Ch s dng tm kim, tm mt s thng tin v s dng mt ngi hin sng (living
donor) ghp gan (liver transplantation). S dng Limits, gii hn tm kim ny vo loi
n phm (Type of Article) Clinical Trial.

Mn hnh Details cho thy tm kim ny gm c gii hn Clinical Trial:

48

2. Tm cc ti liu tham kho v lao (tuberculosis) trong t liu AIDS c dng ton vn min
ph.

49
GHI CH

50

Ton t Boolean

Trong vic tm kim trong c s d liu, ton t Boolean ni n nhng quan h lun l gia cc t
tm kim.

Ton t Boolean AND, OR, NOT c th c s dng kt hp cc t tm kim trong PubMed.
Chng phi c g vo dng ch in hoa.

Ton t OR:
c dng truy cp ra kt qu m mi trch dn c cha t nht
mt trong cc t tm kim.
Dng OR khi bn mun truy cp ht cc bi bo v nhng ch
tng t.

Th d: football OR hockey OR soccer

Mi vng trn trong s bn phi i din cho truy cp
ng vi mi t. Cc vng mu xm i din cho truy cp ng vi th d ny.

Bng bn di i din cc kt qu ng vi mi t, sau cc t kt hp nhau bng OR.

T tm kim Kt qu
football 3948
hockey 1466
soccer 3137
football OR hockey OR soccer 7538

Ton t NOT:
Truy cp ra kt qu m trong trch dn n bi bo c cha nhng t tm kim nh nm
pha sau ton t NOT b loi ra.
Cn thn khi s dng ton t NOT; bn c th loi ra nhng bi
bo c lin quan.

Th d: arthritis NOT letter

Lu trong s bn phi v trong kt qu tm kim lm mu pha di rng truy cp ny
l mt phn ca tng s truy cp ng vi arthritis phn khng c cha t letter.

T tm kim Kt qu
arthritis 185375
letter 686049
arthritis NOT letter 176352

51

Ton t AND:
Dng truy cp kt qu trong mi trch dn c cha tt c
cc t tm kim.

Th d: salmonella AND hamburger

Lu trong s bn phi v trong kt qu tm kim lm
mu pha di rng truy cp ny ch l phn chng nhau ca
cc kt qu cho mi t tm kim - nhng mu tin ny c c hai t xut hin.

T tm kim Kt qu
salmonella 69432
hamburger 2703
salmonella AND hamburger 14

AND l ton t mc nh c s dng trong PubMed. Nu bn khng a ton t Boolean vo
tm kim, PubMed t ng s dng AND gia cc t.

Th d: diabetes mellitus phototherapy
PubMed tm nh sau: diabetes mellitus AND phototherapy

ng gi (Nesting)

Khi s dng nhiu ton t Boolean trong PubMed, chng c
x l t tri sang phi.

Th d: salmonella AND hamburger OR eggs
Cc mu tin truy cp c gm c c hai t salmonella AND
hamburger cng nh tt c cc mu tin c t eggs, d chng
c cha hai t kia hay khng.

thay i th t x l cc t, hy cho cc t vo trong ngoc n. Cc t trong ngoc n s
c x l nh mt n v v sau kt vo tm kim chung. iu ny gi l ng gi.

Th d: salmonella AND (hamburger OR eggs)
Cc mu tin c truy cp c cha t salmonella, cng nh mt hoc
c hai t hamburger OR eggs.

52

History

History c trong mn hnh Advanced Search.
Cha tm 100 tm kim v lin kt ti cc kt qu.
Mn hnh History hin th:
o Cu hi tm kim ca bn
o Hin th 5 tm kim gn y nht
o Thi im tm kim
o S lng trch dn trong cc kt qu tm kim ca bn
o Menu s th t ln tm kim kt hp cc tm kim

S dng History

Bn c th s dng s th t tm kim hin ra trong History vo cc cch tm kim.

Th d:

Hy g ton t ton b theo ch in hoa nh trong th d trn.

Th d khc: #8 AND #10
#7 OR #14

53
Menu s th t ln tm kim

Nhp vo s th t ln tm kim m menu Options:

Menu Options gm c:
Ton t Boolean AND, OR hoc NOT thm vo trong tm kim
Xa (Delete) tm kim ny khi History
Xem (View) cc kt qu
Hin th chi tit (Details) tm kim
Lu vo My NCBI (Save in My NCBI)

Mo History:

o S lng ti a cc tm kim c gi trong History l 100.
o Lch s tm kim s c xa i sau 8 gi khng hot ng.
o Nu mt tm kim c lp li, s th t gc c di chuyn ln u.
o Mt lch s tm kim ring c gi cho tng mt c s d liu Entrez, mc d s th t
tm kim s c gn lin tc i vi tt c cc c s d liu ny.

History hin th nm tm kim cui cng. Khi c hn nm, nhp vo nt More
History xem hin th ton b. Nhp vo Less History tr v hin th ngn.

Nhp vo nt Clear History y mn hnh History loi b tt c cc tm kim
khi History.

54

Bi tp: Ton t Boolean and History

1. Trong mt tm kim, hy tm ti liu tham kho v s lin quan gia circadian rhythms
(nhp 24 gi) vi hoc l cortisol hoc l melatonin ngi.

2. Tm ti liu tham kho v heart surgery (phu thut tim) (Lu cch t ny c tm kim,
s dng Search details). S dng History, kt hp tm kim ny vi tm kim trc tm
ti liu tham kho v heart surgery, circadian rythms v cortisol hoc melatonin ngi.


55

Gii p: Ton t Boolean v History

1. Trong mt tm kim, hy tm ti liu tham kho v s lin quan gia circadian rhythms
(nhp 24 gi) vi hoc l cortisol hoc l melatonin ngi.

circadian rhythms AND (cortisol OR melatonin) AND humans

[Bn cng c th s dng chn Humans trong Limits trn mn hnh Advanced Search.
Nhng t ny c th xp theo bt k th t no nhng cm t OR phi c t trong
ngoc n.]

2. Tm ti liu tham kho v heart surgery (phu thut tim) (Lu cch t ny c tm kim,
s dng Search details). S dng History, kt hp tm kim ny vi tm kim trc tm
ti liu tham kho v heart surgery, circadian rythms v cortisol hoc melatonin ngi.

Sau khi tin hnh tm v heart surgery, vo
History ca mn hnh Advanced Search, nhp
vo s th t tm kim ca circadian rhythm v
chn AND.
Lp li vi tm kim heart surgery. Nhp vo
nt Search.

HOC L

Kt hp hai tm kim ny bng cch g vo
tm kim:
#8 AND #9
(thay th s th t ca cc tm kim thch hp).

56

Tm kim vi t kha MeSH v c s d liu MeSH
C s d liu MeSH

C s d liu MeSH cho php bn:
Xc nh v chn t kha MeSH (T kha, T kha Ph & Loi n phm); t Khi nim Ph
(TD. Tn Cht) v t Tc dng Dc l.
Xem nh ngha v cc thng tin hu ch khc ca mt t kha MeSH.
Xy dng mt cch tm kim PubMed.
Hin th cc t kha MeSH trong cy.
Gii hn cc t kha MeSH vo mt khi nim chnh trong mt tm kim.
Gn mt t kha ph vo mt tm kim.
Lin kt n MeSH Browser ca b phn MeSH NLM.

Cch no n ?

Nhp vo lin kt MeSH y mn hnh Advanced Search; Nhp vo MeSH Database bn di
More Resources trn trang ch PubMed; hoc s dng menu chn c s d liu trn thanh tm
kim.

Hy s dng C s d liu MeSH tm t kha MeSH thch hp cho tnh trng double vision v
sau tm trong PubMed cc trch dn c lin quan.

G t double
vision vo
tm kim v
nhp vo nt
Search.

T nh ngha, r
rng Diplopia l t
kha MeSH ca
double vision.

Chn PubMed,
PubMed Major
Topic hoc
Clinical Queries t
menu ng lin
kt trong ct phi
tin hnh tm
kim trong
PubMed vi t
kha ny.

57

Hy s dng C s d liu MeSH xy dng mt cch tm kim i vi tm trch dn v
diagnosis (chn on) of bursitis (vim bao hot dch), vn cn s dng mt t kha ph.

G t bursitis
vo tm kim v
nhp vo Search.

Mu tin duy nht c truy cp hin th theo nh dng y :

S dng kim
chn t kha
ph. Nhp vo
lin kt
Subheadings
xem danh
sch cc nh
ngha t kha
ph.

S dng cc
kim ny
gii hn vo
mt ch
chnh hoc
khng m rng
n cc t hp
hn.

T nhp (ng
ngha) c
cung cp.

Cy MeSH
c hin th
vi t c
chn t m.

58

PubMed Search Builder
PubMed Search Builder xut hin bn phi kt qu C s d liu MeSH. N cho php bn xy
dng tm kim PubMed vi nhiu t kha MeSH v/hoc cc c hiu.

xc nh r mt tm kim: Trch dn v diagnosis of bursitis

1. Chn t kha ph diagnosis t mn hnh hin th y .
2. Chn Add to search builder.

thm cc t kha b sung vo tm kim ny, tip tc tm c s d liu v thm vo PubMed
search builder.

Hy chnh sa tm kim tm kim ch cc bi bo bn v diagnosis of bursitis in the knee joint
(khp gi). Gii hn vo cc trch dn c ch chnh ca bi bo l knee joints v sau thm
t kha ny vo tm kim bn ang xy dng.

Tm kim t
kha k tip.
Nhp vo
Search.

59

Bn n hin th y v Knee Joint.

1.Nhp vo
kim:
Restrict to
MeSH Major
Topic.

2. Chn
Add to
search
builder.

Ghi ch: Ton t Boolean mc nh s dng khi thm cc t
kha vo cng c xy dng tm kim l AND. Bn c th thay
i bng cch s dng ko xung bn phi nt Add.

Trong th d ny ta quan tm n cc bi bo c cha c hai khi
nim (the diagnosis of bursitis AND the knee joint), do ta s
dng AND mc nh.

By gi, tm kim c xy dng v sn sng chy trong PubMed. Nhp vo nt Search
PubMed pha di cng c xy dng tm kim PubMed:

Nhp vo nt Search PubMed.

60

By gi hy tm t kha khi nim ph: 1,4-bis(chloromethyl)benzene

Lu khi tm kim bt c mt c s d liu Entrez no tm mt t kha c du
ngoc n, TD. 1,4-bis(chloromethyl)benzene, khng c g du ngoc n vo.

Cc t s hin
th trong truy
cp tm kim vi
nhn
[Supplementary
Concept].

S c mt t
kha MeSH
tng ng. T
ny c p
dng vi tt c
cc mu tin vi
khi nim ny.

xem thng tin
b sung v bt
c t kha no,
dng lin kt n
NLM MeSH
Browser t menu
cc lin kt.

61
GHI CH

62

Bi tp: Tm vi MeSH

S dng C s d liu MeSH xy dng tm kim i hi s dng t kha MeSH.

1. Tm cc bi bo bn v prostate cancer (ung th tuyn tin lit) l ch chnh ca bi bo.
S dng C s d liu MeSH bt u tm kim. Gii hn vo cc nghin cu lin quan
n iu tr bng leuprolide.

2. Tm cc ti liu tham kho bn v economics (kinh t) ca community-acquired pneumonia
(vim phi t cng ng).


63

Gii p: Tm vi MeSH

1. Tm cc bi bo bn v prostate cancer (ung th tuyn tin lit) l ch chnh ca bi bo. S
dng C s d liu MeSH bt u tm kim. Gii hn vo cc nghin cu lin quan n iu
tr bng leuprolide.

Tm prostate cancer trong C s d liu MeSH.

Nhp vo t kha hin th y
.

Gii hn vo Major Topic v thm t kha vo PubMed search builder:

64

Vi Prostatic Neoplasms[Majr] trong PubMed search builder, tm mu tin v leuprolide v chn
t kha ph therapeutic use. Nhp vo Add to search builder vi ton t AND mc nh.

Khi va vi cc tm kim, nhp vo Search PubMed:

65
2. Tm cc ti liu tham kho bn v kha cnh kinh t (economics) ca vim phi t cng
ng (community-acquired pneumonia).

Tm pneumonia trong C s d liu MeSH.
T hin th y , chn t kha ph economics.

Tm t kha k tip: community acquired.
T mn hnh
kt qu, s
dng kim
bn tri t
kha ny, sau
nhp vo
Add to search
builder
thm t ny
m khng c
t kha ph
hoc c tnh
no khc.

Gi cch tm cui cng vo PubMed:

Ghi ch: T kha ph economics s c p dng vo c pneumonia ln community-acquired infections trn cc trch dn lin
quan, do bn c th tm bng cch p dng t kha ny vo mt hoc c hai t.

66

Tm mt trch dn ring bit
S dng tm kim
PubMed tm cc kt hp ca cc t tm kim l c im ca trch dn, TD. s tp/quyn,
tn tc gi, tn tp ch, tn bi bo, ngy xut bn, s dng mt chc nng gi l Citation
Sensor.
Ch cn g cc thng tin hin c vo tm kim:

Th d 1: Tn vit tt ca tp ch, tp, quyn v s trang

67

Th d 2: Cc t ca tn bi bo

Nu Citation Sensor truy cp c nhiu trch dn ph hp, bn s thy mt vng mu vng
pha trn truy cp mc nh, c cha ng lin kt n mt hoc nhiu trch dn cho bn
xem xt.

68

Single Citation Matcher

Single Citation Matcher, c trong trang ch PubMed Home v trang Advanced Search page, cho
php bn in thng tin m bn c v mt trch dn (TD. tn tc gi, tn bi bo, tn tp ch, tp,
quyn, s trang) theo trng.

Tn tp ch v tn tc gi c
ngh t ng

69
GHI CH

70

Tm kim Th mc Tp ch NLM
Th mc NLM c mt cng c c bit cho php bn tra thng tin v mt tp ch PubMed. Bn c
th tm mt tp ch bng cch s dng:

tn tp ch
tn vit tt tp ch MEDLINE/PubMed
S Th t Tp ch Tiu chun Quc t bn in v bn in t (pISSNs and eISSNs)
t kha ch (xem trang 70 ca sch ny)

Cch no n :

Nhp vo
Journals in
NCBI Databases
t More
Resources trn
trang ch
PubMed:

HOC L

Chn Literature > Journals trong NCBI
Databases t Resources trn u trang ca bt
c trang NCBI no:

71

G t kha vo.

Bn c th chn tn tp
ch t chc nng t
ng ngh, vn xut
hin khi bn g vo.

Results:

Nhp vo
PubMed
truy cp tt
c cc trch
dn t tp
ch ny.

Nhp vo
Single
Citation
Matcher
thm tn tc
gi, tn bi
bo, ngy
thng hoc
cc tiu
chun khc
tm trch
dn t tp
ch ny trong
PubMed.

72

Broad Subject Terms (T kha Ch Rng)

Cc t kha ch c NLM gn m t phm vi chung ca cc tp ch phn loi trong
MEDLINE.
Cc t kha ch s hin th theo nh dng y .
S dng ng lin kt t trang ch NLM Catalog.

Th d: pediatrics [st]

Tm kim vi t kha khng c ui, TD. pediatrics trong NLM Catalog s truy cp tt
c cc sch v bo c cha t pediatrics hoc t kha hp hn trong MeSH, tn bi bo
hoc cc trng khc, cng nh tn tp ch c t kha ch Pediatrics.

Danh sch y cc t kha c ti trang Journal Subject Terms
(http://wwwcf.nlm.nih.gov/serials/journals/).

Lu rng th t
mc nh l ngy
xut bn. Thay i
th t bng cch
nhp vo Display
Settings.

Nhp vo ng
lin kt tn tp ch
hoc chn nh
dng hin th y
xem thng
tin v tn.

73
Gii hn vo tn hin phn loi, theo ngn ng hoc theo b

Nhp vo ng lin kt Limits.

S dng kim
gii hn tm
kim vo cc
tn tp ch hin
phn loi
MEDLINE
hoc cc tiu
chun khc.

S dng ty chn Only PubMed journals trn trang Limits gii hn vo cc tp ch
trong PubMed.

74

Xy dng mt vn tin PubMed i vi nhiu tp ch bng NLM Catalog

Trn hin
th Summary
cc kt qu,
nhp vo
kim bn
tri (cc)
tn tp ch
mong mun.

Trong ct
bn phi
pha di
PubMed
search
builder,
chn Add to
search
builder .

Khi hon
tt xy dng
tm kim,
nhp vo
nt Search
PubMed.

Lu tm kim bng My NCBI c th d dng tm kim trong nhm cc tp ch ny
trong tng lai.

truy cp tt c cc trch dn PubMed t b kt qu NLM Catalog y ca bn:

Chn PubMed t chc nng Find related data trong ct bn
phi ca hin th Summary cc kt qu, sau nhp vo Find
items.

75
GHI CH

76

Bi tp: Tm theo Trch dn hoc Tp ch

1. C mt bi bo nhan [] salted food (thc phm mui) xut bn trong tp ch []
hypothesis hoc hypotheses (gi thuyt). Bn c th tm c khng?

2. S dng tm kim tm hai bi bo xut bn nm 2009 bi Roysommuti v taurine
depletion.

3. Ch ca tp 10 quyn 5 ca tp ch Journal of Medical Internet Research l g?


77
Gii p: Tm theo Trch dn hoc Tp ch

1. C mt bi bo nhan [] salted food (thc phm mui) xut bn trong tp ch []
hypothesis hoc hypotheses (gi thuyt). Bn c th tm c khng?

Bc 1: S dng chc nng t ng
ngh trn Single Citation Matcher tm
nhanh cc tn tp ch c cha t
hypotheses. Cu tr li c th l mt
trong nhng tn ny.

Bc 2: G nhng t trong nhan vo
Title words vo nhp vo Go.

2. S dng tm kim tm hai bi bo xut bn nm 2009 bi Roysommuti v taurine
depletion.

78

3. Ch ca tp 10 quyn 5 ca tp ch Journal of Medical Internet Research l g?

Bc 1: Trong
Single Citation
Matcher, g
Journal of
Medical Internet
Research vo
Journal, 10 vo
Volume v 5
vo Issue.

Bc 2: Xem
qua danh
sch cc
nhan . C
v smoking
cessation l
ch chung.

79
GHI CH

80

S dng Search Builder Tm kim theo Trng
C vi cch tm kim s dng mt trng c th (TD. tc gi, tn bi bo, tn tp ch). Search
Builder trn trang Advanced Search l mt phng php tin li.

tm kim cc t trong cc trng chn
o S dng menu ko xung thay i (cc) trng c tm
o Chn AND, OR hoc NOT
o Nhp vo Add to Search Box
C chc nng t ng ngh i vi Tc gi, Tc gi u tin, Tc gi cui cng v Tp
ch
Nhp vo Click Search Builder Instructions c gip

Th d tm kim Tc gi v Tp ch:

Bc 1:
Chn Author t
chn trng.

G vo h ca tc
gi v chn t
trong danh sch t
ng ngh.

Nhp vo Add to
Search box.

Bc 2:
Chn Journal t
chn trng.

G vo tn tp ch
v chn t trong
danh sch t ng
ngh.

AND l ton t
Boolean.

Nhp vo Add to
Search Box.

81

Bc 3: Khi bn hon
tt g cc t tm kim, hy
nhp vo nt Search.

S dng chc nng Index

Nhp vo lin kt Show Index pha di Search Builder hin th ch dn tra cu cc t
c th tm kim i vi trng tm kim c chn.
Xem v chn cc t trong Index thm chng vo cc tm kim ca bn.
S dng phm <ctrl> (PC) hoc phm <Command> (Mac) chn nhiu hn mt t t mt
ch dn tra cu kt hp vi OR.

Chn mt trng v g vo mt t tra trong Index

Th d 1: S dng chc nng Index trn Search Builder tm cc trch dn n bi bo v gene
expression c ni lm vic ca tc gi u tin l Princeton University.

T ch
c g vo
tm kim
Advanced
Search.

Chn
affiliation t
menu ko
xung.

PubMed hin
th mt phn
ca danh
sch ABC
cc t c sn
i vi
trng tm
kim c
chn.

Cun ln v xung ca s ny vi thanh cun.
S lng trch dn c cha t ny xut hin trong ngoc n bn phi t ny.
cun ln/xung ton b Index i vi trng ny, nhp vo lin kt Previous hoc Next.
Nhp vo t ny t sng n.
Nhp vo lin kt Close Index List ng hin th Index nu mun.
Tip tc chn cc trng v thm vo cc t tm kim vi nt Add to Search Box cho n khi
hon tt cc tm kim. Sau nhp vo nt Search u mn hnh.

Search box cho thy t tm kim v trng tm kim.

82

Th d 2: Tm cc bi bo c ch chnh bn v iu tr hi chng obesity hypoventilation vi
liu php n ung hoc thuc.

Chn trng tm kim t menu ko xung.
G vo (cc) t tm kim
Nhp vo Show Index.
S dng phm Ctrl (PC) hoc phm Command (Mac) OR ht cc t vi nhau.
Chn ton t Boolean theo yu cu thm cc t ( OR vi nhau) vo cu vn tin.
Nhp vo Add to Search Box

Xem phn tip theo bit thm v tm kim theo cc trng bng cch s
dng cc ui trng tm kim.

83
GHI CH

84

S dng ui tm kim M t Trng Tm kim

Cc trng tm kim c th c xc nh bng cc ui trng tm kim PubMed. Danh sch
cc tn trng v thng tin tm kim c trong PubMed Help: Search Field Descriptions and Tags
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=helppubmed.section.pubmedhelp.Search_Field_Descrip).
Khng phi tt c cc trng tm kim c c trong phn ny ca sch.

Thng tin chi tit hn v d liu tm thy trong cc trng c trong nh dng hin th
MEDLINE c MEDLINE
/PubMed
Data Element (Field) Descriptions

(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/mms/medlineelements.html)

Qui lut
Mi t tm kim nn c theo sau bng mt ui trng tm kim ph hp, ch ra trng no
s c tm. ui trng tm kim phi theo sau t tm kim ny.
Nhp ng: aromatherapy [mh]
Nhp sai: [mh] aromatherapy
Cc ui t tm kim phi c ng trong ngoc vung.
Ch hoa ch thng v khong cch khng phn bit: ice [mh] = Ice[mh] = ICE [MH]

Cc t g vo vi mt ui tm kim (TD. [mh]; [majr]; [tw]) khng c dng Did
you mean (Chc nng kim tra chnh t PubMed).

T kha MeSH [mh]

Cc t kha MeSH c th c tm bng hai ui trng tm kim:
[mh] tm mt t kha MeSH
[majr] tm mt t kha MeSH l ch chnh ca mt bi bo

PubMed t ng tm cc t kha MeSH cng nh nhng t kha chuyn su hn bn di t
ny trong cy MeSH; ngha l t ny c m rng.

tt m rng t ng cc t kha MeSH, s dng mt trong nhng ui sau:
[mh:noexp] or [majr:noexp]

Th d: thromboembolism [majr:noexp]

Theo cch khc, xem xt vic chn Do not explode t Detailed Display trong C s
d liu MeSH.

Tm kim vi t kha MeSH s loi ra nhng trch dn in process v publisher-
supplied, bi v chng khng c phn loi vi t kha MeSH.

85
T kha ph [sh]

Bn c th trc tip gn t kha ph vo cc t kha MeSH bng nh dng t kha MeSH/t
kha ph.

C th s dng vit tt hai k t ca t kha ph hoc tn t kha ph y .

Th d: thromboembolism/pc
thromboembolism/prevention and control
toes/in [majr]
toes/injuries [majr]

Mt lc ch c gn mt t kha ph vo mt t kha MeSH. gn nhiu t kha ph, kt
hp tng t kha MeSH/t kha ph vi nhau bng ton t OR hoc l s dng MeSH Browser.

Th d: thromboembolism/pc [majr] OR thromboembolism/di [majr]

i vi mt kt hp t kha MeSH/t kha ph, PubMed lun lun m rng t kha MeSH v
cng tm t kha ph ny v nhm ca n nu c.

Trong th d pha di, t kha ph therapy hoc cc thnh vin ca nhm therapy (TD. diet
therapy) s c gn vi t kha MeSH hypertension hoc l mt trong nhng t kha chuyn su
hn (TD. hypertension, malignant).

Th d: hypertension/th

Hypertension vi cc t chuyn su hn:

Nhm t kha ph ca therapy:

Danh sch cc t kha ph v cc nhm t kha ph c trong PubMeds Help.

86

tt c vic m rng t kha MeSH v cc nhm t kha ph, bn g:
hypertension/th [mh:noexp]
hypertension/th [majr:noexp]

Chng tm kim ch t kha ph therapy gn vo ch t kha MeSH hypertension (vi majr ch
vi ch chnh).

Bn cng c th chn cch free-float (kt t do) mt t kha ph vi mt t kha MeSH bng
cch s dng ton t Boolean AND v ui trng t kha ph [sh]. in hnh khi bn mun
tm mt t kha ph vn khng c php p dng vi t kha MeSH bn ang tm.

Th d: hypertension [mh] AND toxicity [sh]

tt nhm t kha ph, s dng ui [sh:noexp]. Bn c th ch mun lm iu ny khi free-
floating mt t kha ph.

Text Words [tw]

Cc t hoc cc con s c tm vi ui trng Text Words [tw] s c tm trong cc trng sau
y:

Tn bi bo
Tm tt
T kha MeSH, t kha ph, loi n phm (bao gm t n v cm t)
Cc trng Terms khc
Tn ha hc ca cc cht (Chemical Names of Substances)
Secondary Source Identifier (Trng SI ch nhng ngun d liu khc, ngn hng d liu, s
truy cp ca dy phn t c bn lun trong cc bi bo MEDLINE).
Tn ring l ch

87
Tc gi Tp th (Corporate Author) [cn]

S dng ui [cn] tm tc gi tp th ca mt bi bo. Tm c tn hoc cc t ring l t tn
ny.

Th d: american dental association [cn]
american [cn] AND dental [cn] AND association [cn]

T thng Nm 2006 n nay, cc tc gi tp th c hin th theo th t tm thy
trong dng cnh bi bo xut bn. T nm 2000 n thng T 2006, cc tc gi
tp th lun lun c hin th cui cng trong danh sch cc tc gi.

Trng ny c thm vo nm 2001; tuy nhin trng ny c th c thm vo
mt s mu tin c hn v trc. Cc trch dn c phn loi trc 2000 v mt vi
trch dn phn loi trong nm 2000-2001 hin th cc tc gi tp th vo cui trng
tn bi bo. tm y , xem xt vic thm cc t kha v/hoc cc t trong
trng tn bi bo.

Th d: american dental association [cn] OR
american dental association [ti]

88

Tn ring l Ch (Personal Name as Subject) [ps]

S dng ui [ps] tm nhng trch dn n bi bo v mt c nhn c nu tn. Tn ny
c tm kim trong nh dng tn tc gi truyn thng: h + (cc) k t u tin.

Trng Personal Name as Subject khng c sn trong Search Builder trn mn hnh
Advanced Search.

Th d: lincoln a [ps]

Khong Thi gian

Du hai chm (:) c s dng gia hai thi im.
tm Ngy Xut bn t 1993 n 1997, g:

1993:1997 [dp]

tm theo mt thi im, s dng nh dng YYYY/MM/DD

S dng Single Citation Matcher (xem trang 77) chn tm theo thi gian bng
cch in vo trng.

89
Ni Xut bn (Place of Publication) [pl]

Trng ny ch ra quc gia xut bn tp ch trch dn.
S dng ui [pl].

Th d: aids AND nigeria [pl]

Vng a l ni xut bn khng th tm kim c. tm cc mu tin truy cp i
vi tt c cc quc gia trong mt vng (TD. Bc M), cn phi OR cc nc c
quan tm li vi nhau.

Tn Ngun thng tin Th cp (Secondary Source Identifier) [si]

Xc nh mt ngun thng tin th cp cung cp thng tin, TD. ngun d liu khc, cc ngn
hng d liu v cc s truy cp ca cc dy phn t.

Th d v Ngun D liu:
GenBank
GEO (NLMs Gene Expression Omnibus) bt u t thng Hai 2006
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier numbers bt u t thng By 2005
International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) bt u t gia 2006
Reference Sequence (RefSeq) collection accession numbers
PubChem databases identifiers bt u t thng Mt 2007

Trng ny gm c mt ngun thng tin theo sau l du / c con s truy cp.

S dng ui tm kim [si].

Th d:

genbank/af113832 [si]
clinicaltrials.gov/nct00000419 [si]
clinicaltrials.gov [si]
clinicaltrials.gov [si]

90

Tm theo S nh danh (Unique Identifier) [pmid]

tm theo s nh danh (PMID), g vo con s c hoc khng c ui trng tm kim
[pmid].

Th d: 11073054

Bn c th tm vi con s nh danh bng cch g vo tng con s cch nhau mt khong trng
trong tm kim. PubMed s OR chng li vi nhau. Khng g ton t OR vo.

Th d: 7715939 11073054

S nh danh g vo tm kim.

PubMed tm c 2 trch dn.

tm s nh danh PubMed Central (PMCID), xem nh dng MEDLINE hoc
Abstract ca mu tin ny trong PubMed, hoc s dng PMID: PMCID Converter ti
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/pmctopmid

a ch (Affiliation) [ad]

C th bao gm tn c quan v a ch (c a ch email) ca tc gi u tin ca bi bo nh
xut hin trn tp ch.
S dng ui tm kim [ad].
Trng ny c th c s dng tm kim cng trnh thc hin ti nhng c quan c th.
D liu ging nh n xut hin trong bi bo gc. N khng c tiu chun ha, do t
cng mt c quan n c th xut hin theo cc hnh thc khc nhau.

Th d: cleveland [ad] AND clinic [ad]

91
S Ti tr (Grant Number) [gr]
Cc s ti tr nghin cu, s hp ng hoc c hai, ghi li ti tr ca:
- mt c quan thuc US PHS (Dch v Y t Cng cng M),
- Y vin Howard Hughes,
- tm ngun ti tr ca Anh,
- cc vin nghin cu y t Canada,
- cc c quan ti tr ca Cng ng Chu u.

i vi cc c quan thuc Dch v Y t Cng cng, con s ny theo sau bi tn vit tt ca c
quan; theo sau bi cu trc phn cp ca c quan t thp n cao khi c bit v sau theo
sau bi tn quc gia.

Th d: LM05545/LM/NLM NIH HHS/United States
CA47147/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States

i vi cc t chc ti tr khc, con s ny theo sau bi tn ca t chc; theo sau bi tn quc
gia.

Th d: GR072308/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
066866/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
Howard Hughes Medical Institute/United States

S dng ui tm kim [gr].

Th d: lm05545/lm/nlm nih hhs/united states [gr]

Bn phn ca s ti tr (TD. LM05545 con s; LM vit tt; NLM NIH HHS thnh phn ca,
hoc ton b chui cu trc phn cp ca n v; quc gia ti tr) c th c tm kim ring vi
ui [gr].

Th d: lm05545 [gr] wellcome trust [gr]
nlm [gr] united kingdom [gr]

PubMeds Help trc tuyn lin kt n mt trang web cho chi tit thng tin s ti tr
trong trng GR trong MEDLINE/PubMed
(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/grant_acronym.html).

92

Bi tp: Tm kim theo Trng

1. S dng tm kim tm mt vi bi bo ca Jerry Swanson t Mayo Clinic.

2. S dng Search Builder trn trang Advanced Search tm cc trch dn ca tp ch Pediatrics
c ch chnh v vaccines hoc vaccination. Gii hn vo cc bi bo xut bn nm va
qua.


93
Gii p: Tm kim theo Trng

1. S dng tm kim tm mt vi bi bo ca Jerry Swanson t Mayo Clinic.

GHI CH: Trng a ch ch c thng tin v tc gi u tin. Tm kim ny khng cho
cho ra y cc kt qu i vi bi bo ca Jerry Swanson t Mayo Clinic. N ch c cc
bi bo m tc gi lm vic vi Mayo Clinic l tc gi u tin ca bi bo v J Swanson l
mt trong cc tc gi ny. Theo cch khc, bn c th tm:

swanson j [1au] AND mayo [ad]

gii hn vo cc bi bo m Swanson l tc gi u tin v l tc gi lm vic vi Mayo
Clinic.

2. S dng Search Builder trn trang Advanced Search tm cc trch dn ca tp ch Pediatrics
c ch chnh v vaccines hoc vaccination. Gii hn vo cc bi bo xut bn nm va
qua.

Bc 1: Chn
Journal, bt
u g
Pediatrics v
chn tn t
chc nng t
ng gii
thiu. Nhp
vo Add to
Search Box.

94

Bc 2: Chn
MeSH Major
Topic. G vaccin
v nhp vo nt
Index mang
n danh sch
theo ABC.

Gi phm <ctrl>
(PC) hoc phm
<command>
(Mac)khi bn
chn vaccination
v vaccines.

Nhp vo Add to
Search Box.

tm kim s hin th:
(("Pediatrics"[Journal]) ) AND ("vaccination"[MeSH Major Topic] OR "vaccines"[MeSH
Major Topic])

Bc 3: Nhp vo
Limits. S dng
menu ko xung
chn Published
in the Last: 1
year. Nhp vo
Search.

Cc kt qu s
c dng Limits
Activated trn
u.

Hy chc chn
rng loi b
gii hn ny nu
bn khng mun
s dng n
trong nhng ln
tm kim sau.

95

GHI CH

96

Qun l cc kt qu
Ci t Hin th
Menu Display Settings cho php ngi dng chn nh dng hin th mu tin, s lng mu tin
mi trang v sp xp th t.

Ci t hin th kt qu mc nh l: nh dng Summary, 20 mu tin mi trang, xp th t theo
thm vo sau ra trc. Bn c th chn ci t mc nh ty bng cc s dng My NCBI
Preferences (xem trang 124).

nh dng
nh dng Summary
Cc trch dn PubMed c hin th ln u theo nh dng Summary.

nh dng Summary c th gm c:

Tn bi bo: Tn bi bo l ng lin kt n hin th y mu tin (nh dng Abstract).
Hu ht cc tn ting nc ngoi s c dch sang ting Anh v t trong ngoc vung.
Tn (cc) tc gi: Tn cc tc gi c hin th v l ng lin kt n mt tm kim PubMed
cc cng trnh ca tc gi ny.
Tc gi tp th: Xc nh quyn tc gi tp th ca mt bi bo.

PubMed Managing the Results
97
Ngun: Gm c tn vit tt ca tp ch, ngy xut bn, tp, quyn v s trang. t chut trn
tn vit tt ca tp ch s hin th tn tp ch y .
S nh danh PubMed (PMID).
ui tnh trng: [PubMed - as supplied by publisher], [PubMed - in process], [PubMed -
indexed for MEDLINE], [PubMed - OLDMEDLINE] or [PubMed]
Related citations: Lin kt n cc trch dn c lin quan.
Nhn: Books & Documents khi ton vn min ph c trong c s d liu Entrez Books.
Nhn: Free PMC Article khi ton vn min ph c trong PubMed Central.
Nhn: Free Article khi ton vn min ph c t nh xut bn hoc nh cung cp ton vn khc.
Lin kt n ton vn xut hin trn hin th Abstract.
Lin kt Free text: Xut hin khi ton vn min ph c trong c s d liu Books hoc PubMed
Central.
Cng c th bao gm ngn ng (bi bo khng phi ting Anh) v loi n phm nu bi bo l
mt tng quan hoc l n phm rt gn. Cc bi bo khng c tm tt s hin th ghi ch: No
abstract available.
Cc ghi ch n trch dn km theo (e.g., Errata).
Hin th Abstract
Mt trch dn ring l c th c hin th trong nh dng Abstract theo mc nh.

nh dng Abstract c th c thng tin sau:

Ngun (tn vit tt tp ch t chut ln trn xem tn y
v lin kt n cc ty chn tm kim, ngy xut bn, tp, quyn
v s trang)
Tn
ui [Article in language] trn cc bi bo khng phi ting Anh.
(Cc) tc gi vi cc tn tc gi hin th nh l lin kt tm
kim n tm kim theo tc gi.
Tc gi tp th
Ni lm vic (a ch) ca tc gi u tin
Tm tt (nu c) t bi bo xut bn

Managing the Results PubMed
98

Cc ghi ch n cc trch dn km theo (TD. errata)
PMID
ui tnh trng
Thng tin b sung (m ra phn ny xem):
o Publication Types (tr Journal Article) vi cc ng lin kt
o MeSH Terms vi cc ng lin kt (nu c)
o Personal Name as Subject (nu c)
o (Chemical) Substances (nu c) vi cc ng lin kt
o Supplementary Concepts (nu c) vi cc ng lin kt
o Grant numbers (nu c) vi cc ng lin kt
o S nh danh ClinicalTrials.gov (nu c) vi cc ng lin kt
ng lin kt n cc ngun thng tin bn ngoi (gm LinkOut, xem trang 115)
Cc biu tng vi ng lin kt n ton vn (nu c)
Related articles (nu xem mt trch dn ring l)
nh dng MEDLINE
nh dng trng c ui t 2 n 4 k t hin th tt c cc trng ca mu tin PubMed.

S dng Send to File (xem trang 99) ti v vi nh dng ny vo phn mm qun
l ti liu tham kho
xem thm thng tin v d liu tm c trong cc trng trn nh dng hin th

99
MEDLINE, xem MEDLINE
/PubMed
Data Element (Field) Descriptions

(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/mms/medlineelements.html)
Cc nh dng hin th khc
nh dng Summary (Text) c thit k dnh cho danh sch cc ti liu tham kho. N
gm c nhng thng tin ging nh hin th Summary, c thm PubMed Central ID
(PMCID).
nh dng Abstract (Text) gm c nhng thng tin trong hin th y hn, ngoi tr d
liu b sung. N c th hu ch cho chp, in, lu vo tp tin hoc gi email.
S dng PMID List cha cc nhm s nh danh ID dnh truy cp v sau.
S mu tin mi trang
PubMed hin th ln u cc kt
qu tm kim theo nhm 20 trch
dn mi trang.
Nhp vo menu Display Settings
chn mt con s khc.
Nhp vo Apply
PubMed hin th li cc trch dn
theo chn la ca bn.
Xp th t theo
PubMed ln u hin th cc kt qu tm kim theo th t nhp vo sau ra trc.
xp th t theo ngy xut bn, tc gi u tin, tc gi cui cng, tn tp ch hoc tn bi
bo, chn trng theo trong menu Display Settings v nhp vo Apply.
Gi n
Chn Send to: gi cc mu tin chn hoc tt c cc mu tin trong kt qu n mt tp tin, n
My NCBI Collections, t mua, vo khay nh tm hoc vo e-mail.

100

Send to File
lu v gi ton b kt qu tm kim vo mt tp
tin, s dng menu Send to:, chn File, v chn kiu nh
dng v kiu xp th t.
nh du cc trch dn c chn lu v gi n
mt tp tin, nhp vo kim pha trn s mu tin khi bn
i qua mi trang truy cp. Sau khi bn chn cc trch dn
xong, chn File t menu Send to v chn cc ty thch.
Send to File vi nh dng Summary (text) hin th cc
trch dn vi u tin l cc tn tc gi, theo sau l tn
bi bo.
Send to File vi nh dng CSV to nn mt tp tin phn
cch bng du pht s dng trong bng tnh hoc c s d liu.
Send to Clipboard
Khay nh tm (clipboard) cho php bn thu lm cc
trch dn chn t mt hoc t vi tm kim m bn c
th mun in, lu hoc t mua.
S lng mu tin ti a c th t vo trong khay nh
tm l 500.
t mt mu tin vo khay nh tm, hy nhp vo
cnh trch dn ny v chn Clipboard t trong menu
Send to.
Khi thm mt trch dn vo khay nh tm, mu tin ny s hin th dng Item in Clipboard
v ng lin kt clipboard hin th pha di tm kim.

Clipboard Tips:

Nu bn gi cc mu tin vo khay nh tm m khng chn cc trch dn bng kim,
PubMed s thm vo n 500 trch dn t truy cp ca bn vo khay nh tm.

101
S lng mu tin ti a c th thm vo khay nh tm l 500.
Khay nh tm s b mt sau 8 gi khng hot ng.
S dng Clipboard
xem ni dung ca khay nh tm, hy
nhp vo ng lin kt Clipboard trong ct
phi ca kt qu tm kim:

Bn n mn hnh Clipboard:

Bn c th s dng cc ty chn Display Settings v Send to: vi cc trch dn trong khay
nh tm.

Xa cc trch dn trong khay nh tm:

xa cc trch dn trn khay nh tm, hy nhp vo Remove from clipboard bn cnh mu tin
hoc l chn (cc) mu tin v nhp vo Remove selected items
xa sch khay nh tm, hy chn Remove all items

Cc trch dn trn khay nh tm c th c kt vo mt cu tm kim bng cch s
dng #0. Th d nh gii hn cc mu tin trn khay nh tm vo cc trch dn ting
Anh nh sau:
#0 AND english [la]

iu ny khng nh hng n hoc thay th ni dung Clipboard.

102

Send to E-mail

Chn E-mail t menu Send to.
Chn Format.
o Vi nh dng Abstract: Chn c bao
gm MeSH and Other Data hay khng.
Chn Sort by.
Chn Number to send (nu gi nhiu hn 20 mu
tin u tin).
Chn Start from citation (nu gi theo nhm).
G vo mt a ch E-mail. Ch cho php mt
trnh e-mail rc (spam).
Thm Additional text nu mun.
Nhp vo E-mail.

Mo E-mail:
Bn c th E-mail n 200 mu tin mt ln.
Mt a ch E-mail mc nh c th c lu thng
qua My NCBI User Preferences.

Send to Collections: Xem trang 103
Send to My Bibliography: Xem trang 105
Send to Order: Xem trang 116

103
My NCBI Collections

Chc nng My NCBI

My Saved Data
o Searches: lu cc cch tm kim c th cp nht, gm c cp nht e-mail t ng.
o Collections: lu cc kt qu tm kim.
o My Bibliography: su tp cc trch dn dnh cho cc n phm ca bn.
Search Filters: phn nhm truy cp theo ch bn quan tm.
Preferences: chn t sng v m rng d liu b sung trong hin th Abstract.

Nu trnh duyt ca bn c ci t ngn chn pop-ups, cn phi cho php pop-ups
t cc trang web NCBI s dng My NCBI.

Vo My NCBI
Biu ng NCBI s hin th cc lin kt n My NCBI.
Lin kt My NCBI n trang ch My NCBI.
Sign In lin kt n trang Sign In v n ng k.

ng k My NCBI
s dng My NCBI bn cn ng k mt trng mc hoc ng nhp qua mt c quan thnh
vin.
Nu bn chn c mt a ch e-mail, bn s nhn mt e-mail xc nhn
(xem chi tit ti trang 109).

ng nhp:

My NCBI Sign In
ng nhp trc tip vo
trng mc My NCBI ca
bn.

Kim Keep me signed in
nu bn ang s dng my
tnh ca chnh mnh truy
cp My NCBI.

Nhp About automatic sign
in bit thm chi tit.

Sign in via
Partner
Organization
S dng t cch NIH, eRA Commons, Google hoc cc t cch khc ng k v ng nhp vo My NCBI. Nhp See expanded
list xem danh sch y cc c quan thnh vin.

104

Collections

S dng Collections lu cc kt qu tm kim vo trong My NCBI.

To mt b su tp (Collection)

Bc 1: Chn cc
mu tin kt qu tm
kim bn mun lu.

Bc 2: Chn
Collections t menu
Send to.

Bc 3: Nhp vo
Add to Collections

Nu bn cha ng
k My NCBI, bn s
c nhc ng k.

Nu bn khng chn cc mu tin, tt c cc mu tin (ln n 5000) s c lu vo
b su tp bn ang to.

Bc 4: Chn Create new collection.

t tn li b su tp ca bn.

Nhp Save.

S lng cc mu tin ti a trong mt b su tp c tng ln t 500 n 5.000.
Nu bn lu bt c b su tp no trc thng Hai 2009, s lng ny s vn l
500 ti a, tr khi bn ti to b su tp.

105
B sung vo mt b su tp

Chn Append to an existing collection t ca s pop-up Save Collection.
Chn b su tp m bn mun b sung cc mu tin v nhp vo Save.

Truy cp cc b su tp ca bn

Truy cp My NCBI bng cch nhp vo My NCBI trong gc
trn phi ca bt c trong PubMed no:

Ca s Collections xut hin
mc nh bn tay phi.

Di chuyn cc ca s bng
cch nhp vo v ko thanh
tn n v tr a thch.

Du cc ca s bng cch
s dng mi tn ln ( ).
ng ca s bng cch s
dng du X ( ).

S dng lin kt Customize
this page u trang ny
chn v xa chn cc ca
s.

106

Bin tp mt b su tp

T ca s Collections trn trang ch My
NCBI bn c th:
xem b su tp ny trn PubMed
bng cch nhp vo tn b su tp,
bin tp, thay i cc ci t hoc
xut mt b su tp bng cch chn
biu tng bnh rng ( ),
thay i b su tp n Public hoc l
Private, hoc l
nhp chung hoc xa cc b su tp
bng cch chn Manage Collections.

T tng trang b su tp bn c th:

107
My Bibliography
My Bibliography c thit k to thun li cho cc tc gi tm kim v chn cc trch dn a
vo n phm ca mnh t PubMed. Cc trch dn khng c trong PubMed (cc bi bo khc, sch,
bn trnh by,) cng c th thm vo th cng.

To Your Bibliography

Chn cc cng trnh ca mnh t kt qu
tm kim PubMed ca bn v nhp vo
Send to: My Bibliography

hoc

Trong ca s My Bibliography trn trang
ch My NCBI, chn Click here nhp th cng cc trch dn:

Bn n mn hnh My Bibliography vi mt ca s c bit Add PubMed Citation m ra:

Chn loi trch dn bn mun
to ra.

Mt biu mu s hin ra
bn g d liu trch dn ca
bn vo.

108

Bn c th thm cc mu tin vo th mc bng cch s dng menu Send to: trn bt c mn hnh kt qu
PubMed no, hoc bng cch tr li ca s My Bibliography v nhp vo lin kt con s cc mu tin hoc
Manage My Bibliography:

Trn trang My Bibliography, nhp vo lin kt Add citation.

Cc chc nng b sung c trn trang My Bibliography

PubMed Saving the Search
109
Lu tm kim
Lu cc tm kim bng My NCBI

Tin hnh tm kim PubMed.
T trang kt qu, nhp vo lin kt Save Search pha trn tm kim.

PubMed s m mt ca s khc trong trnh duyt bt u lu. (Nu bn cha ng nhp
vo My NCBI, bn s c nhc nh ng nhp).

Hy bit rng tn tm kim mc nh khng cha bt k ton t Boolean, s th t tm kim
hoc ui tm kim no, nu nhp. Tn ny khng h nh hng n cch tm, vy nn
t tn ngn m c ngha.

Bn c th t tn tm kim.

Tn ny s l mt phn ca dng ch ca
cp nht e-mail t ng.

Nhp Save.

Cch tm kim ca bn c lu v ca s Saved Search Settings hin th (xem trang sau).

Saving the Search PubMed
110

Ci t cp nht t ng

Hy ci t cp nht ca bn, s dng trang Saved Search Settings:

Hy thay i tn tm kim
nu mun.

Hy g vo mt a ch e-
mail cho trng mc ny nu
cha lm.

Chn bao lu th nhn cp
nht hng thng, hng tun
hoc hng ngy.

Chn nh dng (Summary,
Abstract,).

Chn s lng mu tin c
gi vi mi cp nht. Mt
lin kt trong e-mail s mang
n ton b kt qu cp nht
trong PubMed.

Nu bn mun bit khi mt
cp nht khng c mu tin,
chn Send even when there
arent any new results.

ch l ni thm vo mt
ghi ch. Cu ch ny s hin
th trn mi cp nht e-mail
nh l Senders message.

Nhp Save.

111
Mt phn cc kt qu cp nht e-mail:

Cc yu t quan trng v e-mail i vi trng mc My NCBI.
Mi trng mc My NCBI ch c mt a ch e-mail, c dng cho tt c cc cp nht e-mail
t ng lu trong trng mc ny.
thay i a ch e-mail trn trng mc, vo NCBI Site Preferences trn trang ch My
NCBI.

Nu bn thay i a ch e-mail dnh cho trng mc ca bn, a ch mi ny s c s dng
cho tt c cc cp nht sau khi khng nh.

a ch dnh cho chc nng Send to E-mail ca PubMed c th thay i i vi tng e-
mail trn trang Send to E-mail m khng nh hng n a ch e-mail s dng i vi
trng mc My NCBI.

E-mail khng nh
Ln u tin mt cp nht e-mail t ng c to nn, hoc l mt e-mail c thay i trong
User Preferences, mt e-mail khng nh s c gi n a ch ny.
Khng mt cp nht t ng no c gi n mt a ch trc khi n c khng nh.

Cp nht cc tm kim th cng
cp nht th cng mt tm kim, vo ca s Saved Searches trong My NCBI. S lng trch
dn mi ca mi tm kim c hin th trong ct Whats New. Nhp con s ny xem cc
trch dn.
Nu bn lin kt n cc kt qu, ngha l hon tt cp nht, danh sch tm kim lu ca bn
s phn nh ngy gi cp nht ny.

112

V cc cp nht
Phng php cp nht s dng vi My NCBI c trnh by chi tit trong PubMeds Help.
Cc tm kim mi hoc sa i c th c hiu lc sm nht vo ngy hm sau. Th d sng
nay, bn thay i tn sut cp nht t hng thng sang hng ngy. Cp nht u tin s c gi
vo ngy mai.

Cc chc nng b sung c t ca s Saved Searches

Nhp search name truy cp tt c cc kt qu
tm kim ny trong PubMed. iu ny khng nh
hng g n cc cp nht trong tng lai.

Nhp vo biu tng bnh rng ( ) thay
i cc ci t ca bn (tn sut v nh dng e-
mail) i vi tm kim ca bn.

Nhp vo con s trong ct Whats New xem
cc kt qu mi i vi tm kim ca bn t ngy
cp nht gn nht.

Gi con tr trn d liu trong ct Last Searched
xem ngy cp nht e-mail gn nht c gi
n hoc c cp nht th cng.

Nhp Manage Saved Searches xa cc tm
kim hoc tin hnh cc a tm kim th cng.

Thay i cch tm: Lu ci mi v xa ci c:

Cc cch tm kim lu khng th bin son li c. thay i mt cch tm, lu n li mt
ln na vi nhng thay i ca bn.
xa mt tm kim, hy vo Manage Saved Searches. Chn tm kim ny bng kim v nhp
vo Delete Selected Item(s).

113
RSS
Cc khay RSS mang ni dung (nh l cc mu tin mi) t nhiu ngun thng tin trc
tuyn n mt c gi hoc trang web. Cc khay ny c cp nht linh hot khi cc
mu tin c thm vo mi ngun. Cn l mt c gi RSS v c nhiu d liu ti c
v min ph t trang web ny hoc c kt vo phn mm e-mail. Mi c gi RSS
hot ng v hin th d liu mt cch khc nhau.

Chn lin kt
RSS.

Mt menu cc ty chn xut hin:

Thay i cc ty chn ny nu cn.

Nhp Create RSS

Ko nt XML v c gi khay ca bn HOC nhp vo biu tng XML
nhn URL t dng a ch.

Chp v dn URL vo biu mu subscribe trong c gi RSS ca bn.

114

Bi tp: Qun l kt qu v lu tm kim

1. To mt trng mc My NCBI v ng nhp (hoc ng nhp vo trng mc hin c ca
bn).

2. S dng mn hnh Limits, tm cc bi bo ting Anh v cc th nghim lm sng s dng
liu php nh sng iu tr ri lon trm cm theo ma (clinical trials using light therapy
to treat seasonal depressive disorder). Hin th tt c cc kt qu trong nh dng Abstract
trn mt trang. Chn 3 hoc 4 trch dn v lu chng trong mt b su tp.

3. Lu tm kim light therapy ca bn v ci t cc cp nht t ng hng tun theo nh
dng Abstract.


PubMed Getting the Articles
115
Gii p: Qun l kt qu v lu tm kim

Xem trang 102 v trang 108 bit ch dn v cu 1 v cu 3.

2. S dng mn hnh Limits, tm cc bi bo ting Anh v cc th nghim lm sng s dng liu
php nh sng iu tr ri lon trm cm theo ma (clinical trials using light therapy to treat
seasonal depressive disorder). Hin th tt c cc kt qu trong nh dng Abstract trn mt
trang. Chn 3 hoc 4 trch dn v lu chng trong mt b su tp.

Tin hnh tm kim light therapy
seasonal depression

Chn Clinical Trial l Type of
Article (loi n phm) v English
l ngn ng.

S dng menu Display Settings, chn:

Abstract

200 items per page

Sort by Publication Date (Pub Date)

Trn trang kt qu:

Chn cc trch dn a thch.

Chn Send to Collections

Getting the Articles PubMed
116

Ly cc bi bo
PubMed khng c cc bi bo. Tuy nhin PubMed c cc ng lin kt n ton vn cc bi bo
khi cc ng lin kt c sn. Truy cp mt s bi bo l min ph. Truy cp s khc i phi tr
tin.
LinkOut
Cc ng lin kt n ton vn t PubMed c c thng qua mt dch v gi l LinkOut.
Khi bn nhp vo cc biu tng LinkOut, bn ri khi PubMed v n ton vn ti mt trang
bn ngoi.
Th vin Y khoa Quc gia khng gi bn quyn ti liu ny v khng th cho php s dng
n. Cc c gi nn c tt c cc qui nh v bn quyn do nh cung cp ton vn a ra
trc khi nhn bn, ph bin v s dng c tnh thng mi ti liu truy cp thng qua
LinkOut.
LinkOut cung cp cc ng lin kt t PubMed v cc c s d liu Entrez n nhiu ngun
thng tin trc tuyn truy cp c qua mng c lin quan, gm c cc n phm ton vn.
Tm cc biu tng lin kt n cc ngun ton vn trn hin th Abstract.
Hy kch hot cc biu tng lin kt n nhng t mua ca th vin bn bng cc b lc
My NCBI (xem trang 119)

Cc biu tng lin kt n ton vn t nh dng hin th Abstract.

117
Send to Order

t mua cc bi bo thng qua PubMed:
Chn cc trch dn ca cc bi bo bng cch nhp vo kim bn tri mi mu tin (t bt k
mn hnh kt qu no hoc Clipboard).
Chn Order t menu Send to.
Bn n trang sau y:

Getting the Articles PubMed
118

Loansome Doc l g?

Loansome Doc
a ra t hng ton vn t mt th vin thnh vin. Chc nng ny l mt

phn ca PubMed v NLM Gateway.

DOCLINE
l h thng mn lin th vin vi tnh ha, l nn tng ca Loansome Doc.

Trc khi s dng chc nng ny, bn cn lp mt hp ng vi mt th vin thnh
vin Loansome Doc. Th vin Loansome Doc ca bn s cung cp bn s Library
ID, cn n khi ci t dch v ny trong PubMed hoc NLM Gateway.

Gi bao nhiu?

Th vin cung cp bn dch v ny s gii thch ph t bi ca h, nu c. Dch v ny thng
khng min ph.

Th vin no cung cp loi dch v ny cho ti?

Cc th vin y khoa khp Hoa K lin kt vi nhau trong mt mng li gi l
National Network of Libraries of Medicine

(NN/LM). Mc ch ca NN/LM l
gip cho cc thy thuc, nh nghin cu, nh gio v nh qun l y t trong Hoa K
truy cp nhanh chng, tin li cc ngun thng tin y sinh hc v chm sc y t.

Mng li do Th vin Y khoa Quc gia qun l.
N gm c 8 Th vin Y khoa Vng (cc c quan chnh hp ng vi NLM), hn 159 Th vin
Ngun (ch yu ti cc trng y) v khong 4.762 Th vin Truy cp Ban u (ch yu ti cc
bnh vin).
Th vin Y khoa Vng qun l v iu phi cc dch v trong tm vng a l ca mng.

Trang web NN/LM: http://nnlm.gov

Hy gi Th vin Y khoa Vng ca bn ti 1-800-338-7657 Th hai Th su, 8:30
sng 5:00 chiu trong tt c cc mi gi tm ra th vin y khoa no trong khu
vc ca bn c th gip bn vo dch v t bi Loansome Doc.

Xem thm chi tit v Loansome Doc v DOCLINE ti:

Loansome Doc http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/loansome_doc.html
DOCLINE - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/docline.html

bit thm thng tin v ly bi bo ton vn, xem t pht gp ba Full Text and PubMed ti
http://nnlm.gov/training/resources/fulltexttri.pdf.

119
GHI CH

Additional Tools PubMed
120

Cng c b sung
B lc
My NCBI c chc nng Filters gip phn nhm cc kt qu tm kim theo cc ch a thch.
Cc b lc nm ct bn phi ca cc kt qu tm kim.
Bn c th c n 15 b lc kch hot bng My NCBI.
Cc b lc mc nh
All hin th ton b truy cp theo tm kim. Free full text hin th nhng trch dn lin kt
khng thu tin n ton vn. Review hin th ton b truy cp i vi cc bi bo tng quan.

Thm b lc
S dng lin kt Manage Filters n menu My NCBI Filters (bn phi ng nhp vo My
NCBI nu cha ng nhp).

Cc b lc
hin p dng
vi PubMed
c lit k
bn tri.

Menu tng
tc bn phi
cho php bn
tm hoc
duyt cc b
lc.

Cc b lc
thng dng
c hin th
mc nh.

PubMed Additional Tools
121
Duyt
C 4 loi b lc:
o Popular
o LinkOut
o Properties
o Links

Ngi dng quan tm n cc b lc theo ch i vi cc tm kim nn xem ti Properties.

C hn 70 ty chn b lc trong
Properties.

Nhp vo tn loi ph xem cc ty
chn b lc.

Nhp vo kim chn b lc ny.

Mt thng bo khng nh s hin th
trn u.

122

Cc b lc LinkOut
Cc b lc loi ny phn nhm cc kt qu theo nh cung cp ton vn, th vin v cc ngun
thng tin bn ngoi.
Thm ti liu ca th vin bn thnh mt b lc
T Browse/Search for PubMed Filters:

G cc t quan trng t tn th vin bn vo
Search with terms v nhp Search

HOC

1. Nhp vo LinkOut

2. Nhp vo Libraries
3. M rng danh sch ABC tm th vin
ca bn.

4. Nhp vo lin kt th vin.
5. Nhp vo kim thm mt lin
kt b lc v/hoc hin th biu
tng th vin ny.

Ngi dng vo PubMed vi mt URL c thng s ti liu mt th vin s tip tc thy
biu tng th vin ca h d h khng chn th vin ca h trong My NCBI. Ngi
dng nn chn b lc th vin ca h nu mun thy lin kt b lc th vin ca h
trong kt qu tm kim.

123
Cc lin kt b lc n nh cung cp LinkOut hin th
tn ngi dng LinkOut.
t con tr ln trn ID xem tn ca nh cung cp.
Cc b lc ty
To mt b lc t bt k cch tm kim no s
dng mt b lc ty .
Nhp Create custom filter trn menu My NCBI Filters.
in vo biu mu to b lc:
o Tn ny s hin th trn trang kt qu PubMed ca bn.
o Nhp Run Filter kim tra cc kt qu ca bn.

S dng cc lin kt b lc

Nhp vo mt tn b lc n cc trch dn ca mt b lc c th.
Khi bn nhp vo tn b lc xem cc kt qu ca mt b lc, du (+) s xut hin trong menu:

Nhp vo biu tng + thm b lc
ny vo tm kim.

Cc b lc thm vo bng biu tng (+) s hin th trong tm kim vi ui [Filter].
Nu bn mun lu tm kim ny, hy nhp vo Save Search.
Nhiu b lc tng ng vi mt Limit (xem trang 40). C hai phng php s cho ra
cng cc kt qu.

124

NCBI Site Preferences

C pha trn trang ch My
NCBI.
C hiu qu khi bn ng nhp vo My NCBI.

Cu hnh thng gp (i vi tt c cc c s d liu NCBI):
Lu mt a ch e-mail dnh cho cc cp nht e-mail.
T sng cc t tm kim trong truy cp.

Cu hnh PubMed:
M d liu b sung trong hin th Abstract theo mc nh.
Ci t Document Delivery ca bn v/hoc Outside Tool.
Tt chc nng Auto Suggest, vn hin th nhng tm kim c ngh khi bn g vo tm
kim PubMed.
Chn Result Display Settings mc nh (nh dng, s lng mi trang v th t sp xp).

Hy xem minh ha v nhng chc nng My NCBI khc nhau. Nhp vo PubMed
Tutorials bn di More Resources t trang ch PubMed hoc vo trc tip:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/disted/pubmed.html

125
GHI CH

126

Clinical Queries

C trn trang ch PubMed; cng c pha di mn hnh Advanced Search
C 3 b lc tm kim t trang ny:
Clinical Study Categories
Systematic Reviews
Medical Genetics
Nhp (cc) t ca bn, nhp Search v chn Category, Scope hoc Topic (nu ph hp).
Nhp See all tin hnh tm kim trong PubMed.

Clinical Study Categories
Vn tin tm kim c bit ny dnh cho nhng nh lm
sng v c filters tm kim ci t sn da vo nghin
cu ca TS.BS. R. Brian Haynes ti i hc McMaster,
Canada.

Nm loi hoc b lc nghin cu c cung cp:
nguyn nhn (etiology)
chn on (diagnosis)
iu tr (therapy)
d hu (prognosis)
cc hng dn d on lm sng (clinical prediction
guidelines)

Hai loi hoc b lc nhn mnh c cung cp:
narrow, specific search -- s ly nhng trch dn chnh xc
hn, lin quan gn hn nhng s lng truy cp t hn.
broad, sensitive search -- gm nhng trch dn c lin quan
nhng c th c mt s t lin quan; s c s lng truy cp
nhiu hn.

Th d: Hy tm nhng trch dn v ban (rash) c st (fever)
s dng mc nh iu tr (therapy) v tm kim rng (broad).

127
Systematic Reviews

Chc nng ny nhm gip cc nh lm sng nh v cc bi
tng quan h thng v cc bi bo tng t.
N truy cp cc bi tng quan h thng, phn tch gp, tng
quan cc th nghim lm sng, y hc chng c, hi ngh ng
thun v hng dn. Trch dn t cc tp ch chuyn v nghin
cu tng quan lm sng cng c.

Th d: Hy tm cc tng quan h thng v liu php ht
(inhalation therapy) i vi vim phi (pneumonia).

B ph ny c th kt hp trc tip vi cc t tm
kim khc s dng AND systematic [sb]. Th d
lyme disease AND systematic [sb].

Theo cch khc, bn c th chn Systematic
Reviews t menu ko xung Subset trn mn hnh Limits.
Tm kim Medical Genetics

Tm nhng trch dn c lin quan n nhng ch khc nhau trong di truyn y khoa.
Mc nh l All. S dng ko xung chn ch a thch.
c son vi s kt hp vi nhn vin ca GeneReviews: Genetic Disease Online Reviews ti
GeneTests, i hc Washington, Seattle.

Th d: Hy tm cc trch dn v thiu mu hnh
lim (sickle cell anemia) s dng loi
Medical Genetics Genetic Counseling.

.

128

Cc vn tin c bit Health Services Research (HSR) Queries

Ti sao?
Cung cp mt giao din tm kim tm nhng trch dn PubMed c lin quan n cht lng
chm sc y t (health care quality) v chi ph chm sc y t (health care costs)

u?
Nhp vo Topic-Specific Queries t trang ch PubMed; hoc nhp vo lin kt t pha di
mn hnh Advanced Search
Nhp vo Health Services Research (HSR) Queries t trang Special Queries

Nhp vo
definitions
hin th
nhng gii
thch hu ch
v cc loi
HSR.

G cc t tm
kim vo
y.

Chn loi
(category)
vo phm vi
(scope) thch
hp.

129
Lin kt n PubMed
Bn c th to cc lin kt n nhng trch dn c th, cc b trch dn hoc cc kt qu tm
kim PubMed.
xem ch dn, xem Creating Links to PubMed ti
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/services/pubmed_links.html.

E-Utilities

E-Utilities cung cp truy cp n d liu Entrez bn ngoi giao din vn tin mng thng
thng.

Ti sao s dng E-Utilities?
E-Utilities hu ch i vi vic truy cp cc b nhiu cc PMID hoc mu tin, hoc cc mu
tin ph hp vi cch tm kim.

C nhng ch dn v yu cu c th v vic s dng E-Utilities nhm qun l gnh
nng trn cc my ch NCBI. Xem cc vn bn E-Utilities trn trang ch PubMed.
Bn c th hi nhn vin IT ca c quan c h tr k thut.

Review Exercises PubMed
130

Bi tp n

Chn mt hoc hai trng hp sau y n tp nhng g bn hc c v PubMed. S dng
My NCBI Save Search v cc chc nng Collections lu cng vic ca bn.

1. Thy thuc khoa cp cu quan tm v s lng bnh nhn ri b khoa ny m khng
c nhn thy (thng v h cm thy ch i qu lu). Tm cc bi bo v hin
tng ny vi PubMed.

2. nh v thng tin v bnh Pelizaeus-Merzbacher. Vui lng tm ngc n 1988. Clinical
Queries c gip bn tm c thng tin v nguyn nhn?

3. nh hng kinh t ca ung th v ln mt cng ng l g? Hy xem xt s dng t kha
ph MeSH v/hoc Health Services Research (HSR) Queries (theo lin kt n Topic-
Specific Queries trn trang ch PubMed hoc trang Advanced Search).

4. Tm cc bi bo tng quan mi nht v hi chng Edwards.

5. Mt ph n b sa st tr tu (dementia) v cc du hiu bnh l thn kinh gi mt bnh
mch mu no (cerebrovascular disease). Tm thng tin v chn on v iu tr. S dng
Clinical Queries, tm bng Clinical Study Category.

6. Kho st nhng vn y c do cng ng khim thnh nu ra v cy ghp c tai
(cochlear implants). Xem xt s dng mt b ph hoc tm chuyn bit ti cc tp ch
thnh hc (s dng Broad Subject Term trong NLM Catalog Tools).

7. Tm cc tng quan h thng v tai nn (accidents) do thiu ng (sleep deprivation) gy ra.

Xong cha? Hy ng k e-mail hoc RSS cp nht ca NLM Technical Bulletin (bn tin web
dnh cho ngi tm kim NLM) ti http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/stay_current.html.

PubMed Review Exercises
131
Bi tp n: Gii p

1. Thy thuc khoa cp cu quan tm v s lng bnh nhn ri b khoa ny m khng
c nhn thy (thng v h cm thy ch i qu lu). Tm cc bi bo v hin
tng ny vi PubMed.

Mt cch:

emergency service, hospital AND patient dropouts AND time factors

S dng ngn ng t nhin bt u tm kim v sau xem li t kha MeSH
c s dng phn loi cc bi bo c lin quan xc nh kiu phn loi i
vi cc bi bo c lin quan.

132

2. nh v thng tin v bnh Pelizaeus-Merzbacher. Vui lng tm ngc n 1988. Clinical
Queries c gip bn tm c thng tin v nguyn nhn?

Lu rng bnh Pelizaeus-Merzbacher c a vo MeSH nm 2000. Do cc t phn loi
trc (Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder v Multiple Sclerosis) rng hn nhiu v t
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher c nh ngha r vo 1988, tm kim khng c ui s dng ATM (nht
nhng t trong tn bi bo v tm tt thng qua tm kim All Fields) hot ng tt. Tuy nhin,
nu bn gii hn vo MeSH, bn c th mun tm:

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease [mh] OR (pelizaeus-merzbacher [tw] AND 1988:1999[pdat])

bao gm cc trch dn xut bn trc 2000, c Pelizaeus-Merzbacher trong tn bi bo, tm
tt hoc cc trng ch ca mu tin (xem trang 84 v m t tm kim Text Word [tw]).

S dng Clinical Queries (tm theo Clinical Study Category) tm thng tin nguyn nhn:

133
3. nh hng kinh t ca ung th v ln mt cng ng l g? Hy xem xt s dng t kha
ph MeSH v/hoc Health Services Research (HSR) Queries (theo lin kt n Topic-
Specific Queries trn trang ch PubMed hoc trang Advanced Search).

Cch s dng t kha MeSH/t kha ph kh thi:

S dng Health Services Research Queries t trang Special Queries:

134

4. Tm cc bi bo tng quan mi nht v hi chng Edwards.

Tm kim edwards syndrome nh l mt cm t tm kim t t ng ca PubMed
khng tch ri n ra.
Sau xem cc trch dn v cc t kha MeSH dng phn loi cc trch dn
hnh dung ra hi chng Edward l g. T xem xt ny, bn chc chn rng hi chng
Edwards l mt Trisomy, c bit l Trisomy 18.
Nu kim tra c s d liu MeSH, bn thy Trisomy 18 khng phi l mt t kha
MeSH.
Khi tip tc xem cc trch dn c lin quan, bn thy cc kiu phn loi s dng hai t
kha MeSH l Trisomy v Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 i vi hi chng Edwards.
Do , cch tm kim c ngh c th l:

(trisomy [mh] AND chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 [mh])

Nhp vo b lc Review xem cc bi bo tng quan ca truy cp ny.

5. Mt ph n b sa st tr tu (dementia) v cc du hiu bnh l thn kinh gi mt bnh
mch mu no (cerebrovascular disease). Tm thng tin v chn on v iu tr. S dng
Clinical Queries, tm bng Clinical Study Category.

Do ch c chn mt Clinical Study Category mt ln, bn phi tin hnh 2 tm kim ring l t
trang Clinical Queries v sau s dng chc nng History trong mn hnh Advanced Search
kt hp chng li vi nhau cho ra kt qu cui cng. (Mo: C mt lin kt n Clinical
Queries pha di mn hnh Advanced Search).

Clinical Study Category tm kim chn on
(diagnosis) tp trung vo phm v hp:

Nhp vo See all tm kim trong PubMed:

135
Clinical Study Categories tm kim iu tr (therapy) tp trung vo phm vi hp:

Nhp vo See all tm kim trong PubMed:

S dng chc nng History, kt hp hai tm kim ring l s dng ton t Boolean OR:

136

6. Kho st nhng vn y c do cng ng khim thnh nu ra v cy ghp c tai
(cochlear implants). Xem xt s dng mt b ph hoc tm chuyn bit ti cc tp ch
thnh hc (s dng Broad Subject Term trong NLM Catalog Tools).

Tm kim cochlear implants p dng Bioethics Subset Limit:

Nu mun, bn c th gii hn tm kim ny vo cc tp ch thnh hc:

Nhp vo Audiology:

137
Vo Limits v chn Currently indexed in MEDLINE:

By gi chn cc tp ch thnh hc bn quan tm v nhp Add to search builder:

Sau nhp nt Search PubMed.

By gi vo PubMed Advanced Search v kt hp hai tm kim t Search History:

138

7. Tm cc tng quan h thng v tai nn (accidents) do thiu ng (sleep deprivation) gy ra.

S dng Limits:

PubMed Keeping Current with PubMed
139
GHI CH

Keeping Current with PubMed PubMed
140

Cp nht PubMed
NLM Technical Bulletin
L bn tin mi hai thng dnh cho ngi tm tin
trc tuyn NLM.
NLM Technical Bulletin gip ngi tm tin bit:
o nhng thay i v ci tin i vi cc h
thng truy cp NLM
o nhng thay i i vi t vng MeSH
o cc mo tm kim
Technical Bulletin xut bn trn trang web
NLM v lin kt t trang ch NLM gc di
tri. a ch URL l:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/tb.html

Nhp Stay Current tm thng tin v
cc ty chn e-mail v RSS i vi
Technical Bulletin, danh sch gi th
hng tun NLM Announces v khay
NLM RSS.

141
PubMed New and Noteworthy

Cc thng bo ngn v nhng ci tin v thay i mi i vi PubMed,
cc tp ch v c s d liu MeSH c a ln New and Noteworthy
ca PubMed, truy cp c t trang ch PubMed bn di Using
PubMed v c dng khay RSS. Cc thng bo thng lin kt n
nhiu chi tit hn trong NLM Technical Bulletin.

PubMed Tutorial v Quick Tours
Nhp vo lin kt PubMed Tutorials trn trang ch PubMed nhn
ch dn b sung v s dng PubMed.

Tutorial bao gm tt c cc ti liu c trong lp hc PubMed c
ngy.

The Quick Tours l trnh din ngn v cc mo tm kim, cc chc
nng v cc cng c hu ch.

PubMed Alerts
Nhn mt thng bo e-mail trong trng hp c s c nghim trng v h thng PubMed. Vo
https://list.nih.gov/archives/pubmed-alerts.html v nhp vo Join or leave the list, or update
options.

Keeping Current with PubMed PubMed
142

Nhn gip

Lin h NLM Customer Service nu bn cn s gip hoc c cu hi v PubMed.
E-mail custserv@nlm.nih.gov
Toll-Free Phone 1-888-FINDNLM (1-888-346-3656)

Trn bt k trang PubMed no, theo lin kt Write to the Help Desk cui trang:

Bn s n trang ny:

143
GHI CH

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. MEDLINE cha nhng trch dn tp ch v cc tm tt

. Ngoi ra d liu th mc ca nhng mu tin ny s c kim

Data Element (Field) Descriptions

Data Element (Field) Descriptions

a ra t hng ton vn t mt th vin thnh vin. Chc nng ny l mt

l h thng mn lin th vin vi tnh ha, l nn tng ca Loansome Doc.

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