CHUYN 1: NGUYN T BNG TUN HON CC NTHH-LKHH

A- NGUYN T
I- Thnh phn cu to ca nguyn t
II. Khoi lng
III. So khoi So khoi (A) la tong so hat proton (Z) va tong so hat notron (N) cua hat nhan o:
A = Z + N (1)
IV- NGUYEN TO HOA HOC
1. nh ngha Nguyen to hoa hoc la nhng nt co cung ien tch hat nhan.
2. So hieu nguyen t So hieu nguyen t (Z) = So n v ien tch hat nhan = so p = so e .
3. K hieu nguyen t
VD:

23
S khi
Na K hiu ho
A
hc
S hiu nguyn t 11
VONG
V
:
VD
:
oxi
co
3
ong
v
Z

16
8

17
8

18
8

O.

so proton
8
8
8; so ntron
8
9
10
- Cac ong v cua cung 1 nguyen to hoa hoc la nhng nguyn t c cng s proton nhng khc nhau v
s ntron, do o so khoi A cua chung khac nhau.
VI- NGUYEN T KHOI VA NGUYEN T KHOI TRUNG BNH CUA CAC NGUYEN TO HH
1.Nguyen t khoi Khoi lng cua nguyen t bang tong khoi lng cua proton, ntron, electron
co trong nguyen t o.
2. Nguyen t khoi trung bnh
Gia s nguyen to A co cac ong v :

A=

A1
Z

A2
Z

A3
Z

Zn X . Khi o :

A1.x + A2 . y + A3 .z + ... + An .n
100

Trong o : x, y, z,,n la phan tram khoi lng cua cac ong v

moi v
VD : oxi co 3 ong v

16
8

O (99,76%)

17
8

O (0,04%)

18
8

O (0,2%) Tnh nguyen t khoi trung bnh cua oxi

Giai :

A=
B

A1 , A2 , A3 :so khoi(KLNT) cua

16.99, 76 + 17.0, 04 + 18.0, 2

16, 004 B- BNG TUN HON CC NGUYN T HA HC
99, 76 + 0, 04 + 0, 2

C- LIN KT HA HC
I - Lin kt ion:
- Cc khi nim :
+ Cation : l ion mang in tch dng.
+ Anion : l ion mang in tch m.
Cation hay anion c th l mt nhm nguyn t, c ngha l c nhiu nguyn t mang in tch dng hay m, cn c gi l ion
a nguyn t.
+ Lin kt ion l lin kt c to thnh gia cc ion mang in tch tri du.
- Bn cht lin kt ion l lc tnh in gia cc ion tri du.
II - lin kt cng ha tr:
- Nguyn nhn ca s hnh thnh lin kt cng ho tr l do s xen ph ca cc obitan nguyn t. Nu s xen ph gia cc obitan
cng ln, lin kt hnh thnh cng bn.
- n gin trong vic biu din cng thc cu to ca phn t, ngi ta thng thay hai obitan xen ph to lin kt bng mt
cp electron dng chung (biu th bng hai du chm gia hai nguyn t lin kt).

- i electron dng chung c th nm gia hai nguyn t lin kt, hoc lch v nguyn t ca mt nguyn t.

1. Bi tp v ng v:
Cu 1: Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca brom l 79,91. Brom c hai ng v, bit 79
35Br chim 54,5%. Vy s khi ca ng
v th hai l
A. 80

B. 81

C. 82

Cu 2: Trong t nhin clo c hai ng v bn:

ca

37
17

37
17

D. 81,5

Cl chim 24,23% tng s nguyn t, cn li l

35
17

Cl . Thnh phn % theo khi lng

Cl trong HClO4 l:

A. 8,92%

B. 8,43%

Cu 3. Trong t nhin, nguyn t ng c hai ng v l

trm tng s nguyn t ca ng v

65
29

C. 8,56%
63
29

D. 8,79%

65

Cu v 29 Cu . Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca ng l 63,54. Thnh phn phn

Cu l

A. 73%.

B. 54%.
C. 50.
D. 27%.
63
65
65
63
Cu 4. Trong t nhin Cu c hai ng v Cu v Cu , trong ng v Cu chim 27% v s nguyn t .Phn trm KL ca Cu
trong Cu2O l gi tr no di y ?
A. 64,29%

B.

Cu 5. Nguyn t Cl trong t nhin l mt hh gm hai ng v

kaliclorat KClO3 l
A. 7,24%

B.

C.
35

Cl(75%) v
C.

D.
37

Cl (25%) .Phn trm v KL ca

35

Cl trong mui

D.

2. Bi tp v tng cc ht c bn trong 1 nguyn t

+
+
6
Cu 6: Nguyn t R to c cation R . Cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng ca R ( trng thi c bn) l 2p . Tng s ht
mang in trong nguyn t R l
A. 10.
B. 11.
C. 22.
D. 23.
Cu 7: X v Y l hai nguyn t thuc cng mt chu k, hai nhm A lin tip. S proton ca nguyn t Y nhiu hn s proton ca
nguyn t X. Tng s ht proton trong nguyn t X v Y l 33. Nhn
xt no sau y v X, Y l ng?
A. n cht X l cht kh iu kin thng.
B. m in ca X ln hn m in ca Y.
C. Lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t Y ( trng thi c bn) c 5 electron.
D. Phn lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t X ( trng thi c bn) c 4 electron.
Cu 8. X v Y l hai nguyn t cng thuc mt phn nhm chnh thuc hai chu k k tip nhau ca bng HTTH .Tng s proton trong ht
nhn ca hai nguyn t bng 58 . S hiu nguyn t ca X v Y ln lt l
A. 12, 30.
B. 20,38.
C. 11,19.
D. 13,21
Cu 9: Tng s ht proton, electron, ntron ca nguyn t ca mt nguyn t thuc nhm VA l 46. Cu hnh electron
nguyn t ca nguyn t l
A. 1s22s22p63s23p3.
B. 1s22s22p3.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p4.
D. 1s22s22p5.
Cu 10. Mt nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 58 v c s khi l 39. S hiu nguyn t ca nguyn t
X l
A. 19.
B. 20.
C. 39.
D. 18.

Cu 11. Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht electron trong cc phn lp p l 7. S ht mang in ca mt nguyn t Y nhiu hn
s ht mang in ca mt nguyn t X l 8 ht. Cc nguyn t X v Y ln lt l (bit s hiu nguyn t ca nguyn t: Na = 11; Al = 13;
P = 15; Cl = 17; Fe = 26).
A. Al v P.
B. Fe v Cl.
C. Al v Cl.
D. Na v Cl.
Cu 12. Trong hp cht ion XY (X l kim loi, Y l phi kim), s electron ca cation bng s electron ca anion v tng s electron trong
XY l 20. Bit trong mi hp cht, Y ch c mt mc oxi ha duy nht. Cng thc XY l
A. NaF.
B. AlN.
C. MgO.
D. LiF.
Cu 14. Tng s ht proton, ntron , electron trong hai nguyn t ca nguyn t X v Y l 96 trong tng s ht mang in nhiu hn
tng s ht khng mang in l 32 . S ht mang in ca nguyn t Y nhiu hn ca X l 16. X v Y ln lt l
A. Mg v Ca
B. Be v Mg
C. Ca v Sr
D. Na v Ca
Cu 15 Mt ion M3+ c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 79, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 19. Cu
hnh electron ca nguyn t M l
A. [Ar]3d54s1.

B. [Ar]3d64s2.

C. [Ar]3d64s1.

D. [Ar]3d34s2.

Cu 16: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 52. Trong ht nhn nguyn t X c s ht khng mang
in nhiu hn s ht mang in l 1. V tr (chu k, nhm) ca X trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc l
A. Chu k 3, nhm VA.

B. Chu k 3, nhm VIIA.

C. Chu k 2, nhm VA.

D. Chu k 2, nhm VIIA

3. Bi tp xc nh tn nguyn t trong cng thc oxit cao nht v hp cht kh vi H

Cu 17: Cng thc phn t ca hp cht kh to bi nguyn t R v hiro l RH3. Trong oxit m R c ho tr cao nht th oxi
chim 56,33% v khi lng. Nguyn t R l (Cho khi lng nguyn t ca N = 14, P = 31, S = 32, As = 75)
A. As.
B. N.
C. S.
D. P.
Cu 18: Oxit cao nht ca 1 nguyn t l RO3, trong hp cht ca n vi hiro c 5,88% hiro v khi lng. Nguyn t R l
A. P.
B. As.
C. N.
D. S
Cu 19: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l ns 2np4. Trong hp cht kh ca nguyn t X vi hir, X
chim 94,12% khi lng. Phn trm khi lng ca nguyn t X trong oxit cao nht l
A. 27,27%.
B. 40,00%.
C. 60,00%.
D. 50,00%.
Cu 20: Nguyn t Y l phi kim thuc chu k 3, c cng thc oxit cao nht l YO3. Nguyn t Y to vi kim loi M hp cht c cng thc
MY, trong M chim 63,64% v khi lng. Kim loi M l
A. Zn.
B. Cu.
C. Mg.
D. Fe.
Cu 21: Cng thc phn t ca hp cht kh to bi nguyn t R v hiro l RH., Trong oxit m R c ho tr cao nht th R
chim 38,8% v khi lng. Nguyn t R l (Cho khi lng nguyn t ca H= 12, O = 16, F = 19; Cl = 35,5; Br = 80, I = 127)
A. F.
B. Cl.
C. Br.
D. I
Cu 22: Phn trm khi lng ca nguyn t R trong hp cht kh vi hiro (R c s oxi ha thp nht) v trong oxit cao nht
tng ng l a% v b%, vi a : b = 11 : 4. Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Phn t oxit cao nht ca R khng c cc.
B. Oxit cao nht ca R iu kin thng l cht rn.
C. Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc, R thuc chu k 3. D. Nguyn t R ( trng thi c bn) c 6 electron s.
4. Quan h gia v tr v cu to nguyn t:
Cu 23: Nguyen to M co Z = 37, V tr cua M trong bang tuan hoan la v tr nao sau ay?
A. Chu ky 4, nhom IA
B. Chu ky 4, nhom IIA.
C. Chu ky 3, nhom IA
D. Tat ca eu sai.
+
2
2
6
Cu 24: Dy gm cc ion X , Y v nguyn t Z u c cu hnh electron 1s 2s 2p l:
A. Na+, Cl-, Ar.

B. Li+, F-, Ne.

C. Na+, F-, Ne.

D. K+, Cl-, Ar.

Cu 25: Anion X- v cation Y2+u c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s23p6. V tr ca cc

nguyn t trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc l:
A. X c s th t 17, chu k 4, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu
k 4, nhm IIA (phn nhm chnh nhm II).
B. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VI); Y c s th t 20, chu k
4, nhm IIA (phn nhm chnh nhm II).
C. X c s th t 17, chu k 3, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu
k 4, nhm IIA (phn nhm chnh nhm II).
D. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu
k 3, nhm IIA (phn nhm chnh nhm II).
Cu 26: Cu hnh electron ca ion Cu2+ v Cr3+ ln lt l :
A. [Ar]3d9 v [Ar]3d3 .
B. [Ar]3d74s2 v [Ar]3d14s2.
C. [Ar]3d9 v [Ar]3d14s2.
D. [Ar]3d74s2 v [Ar]3d3.
2+
2
2
6
2
6
6
Cu 27: Cu hnh electron ca ion X l 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d . Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc, nguyn t X thuc
A. chu k 4, nhm VIIIB.
B. chu k 4, nhm VIIIA. C. chu k 3, nhm VIB.
D. chu k 4, nhm IIA.
5. Quy lut bin i tnh cht ( m in, tnh kim loi, phi kim,..)
Cu 28: Dy cc nguyn t sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh phi kim t tri sang phi l:
A. P, N, F, O.
B. N, P, F, O.
C. P, N, O, F.
D. N, P, O, F.
Cu 29: Bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t: 3 Li , 8 O , 9 F , 11 Na c xp theo th t tng dn t tri sang phi l:
A. Li, Na, O, F.
B. F, O, Li, Na.
C. F, Li, O, Na.
D. F, Na, O, Li.
Cu 30: Cho cc nguyn t: K (Z = 19), N (Z = 7), Si (Z = 14), Mg (Z = 12). Dy gm cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu gim
dn bn knh nguyn t t tri sang phi l:
A. N, Si, Mg, K.
B. Mg, K, Si, N.
C. K, Mg, N, Si.
D. K, Mg, Si, N.

Cu 31: Trong mt nhm A (phn nhm chnh), tr nhm VIIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VIII), theo chiu
tng ca in tch ht nhn nguyn t th
A. tnh phi kim gim dn, bn knh nguyn t tng dn.
B. tnh kim loi tng dn, m in tng dn.
C. m in gim dn, tnh phi kim tng dn.
D. tnh kim loi tng dn, bn knh nguyn t gim dn.
6- Lin Kt ha hc
Cu 32 (H - KA 2007) Cho dy cc cht: N2, H2, NH3, NaCl, HCl, H2O. S cht trong dy m phn t ch cha lin kt cng ha tr
khng cc l
A. 2.

B. 4.

C. 3.

D. 5.

Cu 3 3 (H - KA 2008 ) Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 , nguyn t ca nguyn t Y c

cu hnh electron 1s22s22p5. Lin kt ho hc gia nguyn t X v nguyn t Y thuc loi lin kt
A. cho nhn

B. ion

C. cng ho tr

D. kim loi

Cu 34(H - KA 2008) Hp cht trong phn t c lin kt ion l

A. NH4Cl.

B. NH3.

C. HCl.

D. H2O.

Cu 35 (H - KA 2011) Cc cht m phn t khng phn cc l:

A. HBr, CO2, CH4.

B. Cl2, CO2, C2H2.

C. NH3, Br2, C2H4.

D. HCl, C2H2, Br2.

CHUYN 2: PHN NG OXI HA KH

I. L THUYT C CN:
1- Phng php thng bng electron.
a) Nguyn tc:
Phng php ny da vo s bo ton electron ngha l tng s e m cht kh cho phi bng tng s e m cht oxi ha nhn. (*)
b) Cn bng theo 4 bc:
Bc 1: Xc nh s OXH ca nhng nguyn t c s oxi ha thay i.
Bc 2: Vit cc cc qu trnh OXH, qu trnh KH v cn bng mi qu trnh
Bc 3: Tm h s thch hp cho cht kh - cht oxi ha theo nguyn tc *
Bc 4: t h s ca cht oxi ha , cht kh vo s phn ng. Cn bng cc nguyn t theo th t:
Kim loi (cation) Gc axit (anion) Mi trng (axit baz) Cn bng s nguyn t H Cn bng s nguyn t O.
2- Phn loi phn ng oxi ha kh:
Dng 1 : phn ng oxi ha kh thng thng
a. NH3 + O2 t NO + H2O
b. Zn + H2SO4 -----> ZnSO4 + H2S + H2O
c. Mg + HNO3 Mg(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + H2O
d. FeO + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3+N2O+H2O
e1. Al + H2SO4 c nng Al2(SO4)3 + SO2 + H2O
e2 KMnO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O
f. MnO2 + HCl t MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O
g KMnO4 + HCl KCl + MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O
h. KMnO4 + K2SO3+ H2O
K2SO4 + MnO2 + KOH
i. KMnO4 + MnSO4 + H2O MnO2 + K2SO4 + H2SO4
j. KMnO4
+ K2SO3 + KOH K2MnO4 + K2SO4 + H2O
Kali pemanganat
Kali sunfit
Kali manganat Kali sunfat
k. KMnO4 + KOH K2MnO4 + O2 + H2O
Kali pemanganat
Kali manganat
Dng 2 : phn ng oxi ha kh ni phn t
a. KClO3 t KCl + O2
b. AgNO3 t Ag + NO2 + O2
c. Cu(NO3)2 t CuO + NO2 + O2
d. KMnO4 t K2MnO4 + O2 + MnO2
Dng 3 : phn ng t oxi ha kh
a. Cl2 + KOH KCl + KClO3 + H2O
b. S + NaOH Na2S + Na2SO3 + 3H2O
c. I2 + H2O t, xt HI + HIO3
Dng 4 : phn ng oxi ha kh c nhiu cht kh
1. FeS2 + O2 -------> Fe2O3 + SO2
2. FeS + KNO3 -----> KNO2 + Fe2O3 + SO3
3. FeS2 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + H2SO4 + NO2 + H2O
4. FeS2 + HNO3 + HCl FeCl3 + H2SO4 + NO + H2O
5. FeS + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + Fe2(SO4)3 + NO + H2O
6. As2S3 + HNO3 + H2O H3AsO4 + H2SO4 + NO
7. CrI3 + Cl2 + KOHK2CrO4 + KIO4 + KCl + H2O
8. As2S3 + KClO3 + H2O H3AsO4 + H2SO4 + KCl
9. Cu2S + HNO3NO + Cu(NO3)2 + CuSO4 + H2O
10. FeS + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + H2O
11. FeS2 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + H2O
Dng 5 : phn ng oxi ha kh c h s bng ch
1. M + HNO3 M(NO3)n + NO2 + H2O (Vi M l kim loi ho tr n)
2. M + H2SO4 M2(SO4)n + SO2 + H2O
3. FexOy + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + H2O
4. FexOy + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + H2O
5. FeO + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + H2O
6. FexOy + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + H2O
7. M + HNO3 M(NO3)n + NxOy + H2O
O

Dng 6 : phn ng oxi ha kh c cht hu c

1. C6H12O6 + H2SO4 -------> SO2 + CO2 + H2O
2. C12H22O11 + H2SO4 -------> SO2 + CO2 + H2O
3. CH3- C CH + KMnO4 + H2SO4 --------> CO2 + K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O
4. K2Cr2O7 + CH3CH2OH + HCl -------> CH3-CHO + KCl + CrCl3 + H2O
5. HOOC COOH + KMnO4 + H2SO4 ------> CO2 + K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O
II- BI TP TRC NGHIM:
II. 1- TRC NGHIM L THUYT
Cu 1: S oxi ha ca oxi trong cc hp cht HNO3, H2O2, F2O, KO2 theo th t l
A. -2, -1, -2, -0,5.
B. -2, -1, +2, -0,5.
C. -2, +1, +2, +0,5.
D. -2, +1, -2, +0,5.
Cu 2: Trong phn ng MnO2 + 4HCl MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O, vai tr ca HCl l
A. Cht oxi ha.
B. Cht kh.
C. Cht to mi trng. D. Cht kh v Cht to mi trng.
Cu 3: Xt phn ng MxOy + HNO3 M(NO3)3 + NO + H2O, iu kin no ca x v y phn ng ny l phn ng oxi ha kh ?
A. x = y = 1.
B. x = 2, y = 1.
C. x = 2, y = 3.
D. x = 1 hoc 2, y = 1.
Cu 4: Trong phn ng 6KI + 2KMnO4 +4H2O 3I2 + 2MnO2 + 8KOH, cht b oxi ha l
A. I-.
B. MnO4-.
C. H2O.
D. KMnO4.
Cu 5: Cho s phn ng: FeS2 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + H2SO4 + 5NO + H2O. Sau khi cn bng, tng h s cn bng ca phn ng l
A. 21.
B. 19.
C. 23.
D. 25.

Cu 6: KMnO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O. H s ca cht oxi ha v cht kh trong phn ng trn ln
lt l
A. 5 v 2.
B. 1 v 5.
C. 2 v 5.
D. 5 v 1.

Cu 7: Cho s phn ng: Fe3O4 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + H2O. Sau khi cn bng, h s ca phn t cc cht l phng n no sau
y?
A. 3, 14, 9, 1, 7.
B. 3, 28, 9, 1, 14.
C. 3, 26, 9, 2, 13.
D. 2, 28, 6, 1, 14.
Cu 8: Trong phn ng: KMnO4 + C2H4 + H2O X + C2H4(OH)2 + KOH. Cht X l
A. K2MnO4.
B. MnO2.
C. MnO.
D. Mn2O3.
Cu 9: H s cn bng ca Cu2S v HNO3 trong phn ng: Cu2S + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + H2SO4 + NO + H2O l
A. 3 v 22.
B. 3 v 18.
C. 3 v 10.
D. 3 v 12.
Cu 10: Cho phn ng ha hc: Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu.

Trong phn ng trn xy ra

2+

A. s kh Fe v s oxi ha Cu.

B. s kh Fe2+ v s kh Cu2+.

C. s oxi ha Fe v s oxi ha Cu.

D. s oxi ha Fe v s kh Cu2+.

Cu 11: Cho cc phn ng:

Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 CaOCl2 + H2O

2H2S + SO2 3S + 2H2O

2NO2 + 2NaOH NaNO3 + NaNO2 + H2O

4KClO3 KCl + 3KClO4

O3 O2 + O
S phn ng oxi ho kh l
A. 2.

B. 3.

C. 5.

D. 4.

Cu 12: Nguyn t S ng vai tr va l cht kh, va l cht oxi ho trong phn ng no sau y?
A. S + 2Na Na2S

B. S + 3F2 SF6

C. 4S + 6NaOH(c) 2Na2S + Na2S2O3 + 3H2O. D. S + 6HNO3 (c) H2SO4 + 6NO2 + 2H2O.

Cu 13: Cho phn ng:
Na2SO3 + KMnO4 + NaHSO4 Na2SO4 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O.
Tng h s ca cc cht (l nhng s nguyn, ti gin) trong phng trnh phn ng l
A. 31.

B. 47.

C. 27

D. 23.

Cu 14: Cho phn ng:

6FeSO4 + K2Cr2O7 + 7H2SO4 3Fe2(SO4)3 + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 7H2O
Trong phn ng trn, cht oxi ha v cht kh ln lt l
A. K2Cr2O7v FeSO4.

B. K2Cr2O7v H2SO4.

C. H2SO4v FeSO4.

D. FeSO4v K2Cr2O7.

Cu 15: Cho phng trnh ho hc: Fe3O4 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + H2O
Sau khi cn bng phng trnh ho hc trn vi h s ca cc cht l nhng s nguyn, ti gin th h s ca HNO3 l
A. 13x - 9y.

B. 46x - 18y

C. 45x - 18y.

D. 23x - 9y.

Cu 16: Cho cc phn ng sau:

4HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O.

2HCl + Fe FeCl2 + H2.

14HCl + K2Cr2O7 2KCl + 2CrCl3 + 3Cl2 + 7H2O.

6HCl + 2Al 2AlCl3 + 3H2.

16HCl + 2KMnO4 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O.

S phn ng trong HCl th hin tnh oxi ha l
A. 2.

B. 1.

C. 4.

D. 3.

C. 1.

D. 4.

Cu 17: Cho cc phn ng sau:

(a) 4HCl + PbO2 PbCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O.
(b) HCl + NH4HCO3 NH4Cl + CO2 + H2O.
(c) 2HCl + 2HNO3 2NO2 + Cl2 + 2H2O.
(d) 2HCl + Zn ZnCl2 + H2.
S phn ng trong HCl th hin tnh kh l
A. 2.

B. 3.

Cu 18: Trong phn ng: K2Cr2O7 + HCl CrCl3 + Cl2 + KCl + H2O
S phn t HCl ng vai tr cht kh bng k ln tng s phn t HCl tham gia phn ng. Gi tr ca k l
A. 3/14.

B. 4/7.

C. 1/7.

D. 3/7.

Cu 19: iu kin thch hp xy ra cc phn ng sau:

(a) 2C + Ca CaC2
(b) C + 2H2 CH4
(c) C + CO2 2CO
(d) 3C + 4Al Al4C3
Trong cc phn ng trn, tnh kh ca cacbon th hin phn ng
A. (c)
B. (b)
C. (a)
D. (d)
Cu 20: Cho phng trnh ha hc (vi a, b, c, d l cc h s): aFeSO4 + bCl2 cFe2(SO4)3 + dFeCl3 T l a : c l
A. 4 : 1.
B. 3 : 2.
C. 2 : 1.
D. 3 : 1.
II. 2- TRC NGHIM BI TP
Cu 21: Ha tan hon ton 2,4g kim loi Mg vo dung dch HNO3 long, gi s ch thu c V lt kh N2 duy nht (ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,672 lt.
B. 6,72lt. C. 0,448 lt
D. 4,48 lt.
Cu 22: 1,84g hn hp Cu v Fe ha tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 to thnh 0,01 mol NO v 0,04 mol NO2. s mol Fe v Cu theo th t
l
A. 0,02 v 0,03. B. 0,01 v 0,02. C. 0,01 v 0,03.
D. 0,02 v 0,04.
Cu 23: Cho m gam Cu phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3 thu c 8,96 lt (ktc) hn hp kh NO v NO2 c t khi i vi H2 l
19. Gi tr ca m l
A. 25,6 gam.
B. 16 gam.
C. 2,56 gam.
D. 8 gam.
Cu 24: Ha tan 4,59g Al bng dung dch HNO3 thu c hn hp kh NO v N2O c t khi hi i vi hiro bng 16,75. Th tch NO
v N2O thu c ktc l:
A. 2,24 lt v 6,72 lt.
B. 2,016 lt v 0,672 lt.
C. 0,672 lt v 2,016 lt.
D. 1,972 lt v 0,448 lt.
Cu 25: Ho tan 2,64 gam hn hp Fe v Mg bng dung dch HNO3 long, d, thu c sn phm kh l 0,896 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh
gm NO v N2, c t khi so vi H2 bng 14,75. Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca st trong hn hp ban u l
A. 61,80%.
B. 61,82%.
C. 38,18%.
D. 38,20%.
Cu 26: Cho 18,4 gam hn hp Mg, Fe vi dung dch HNO3 c 5,824 lt hn hp kh NO, N2 (ktc). Khi lng hn hp kh l 7,68
gam. Khi lng Fe v Mg ln lt l:
A. 7,2g v 11,2g.
B. 4,8g v 16,8g.
C. 4,8g v 3,36g.
D. 11,2g v 7,2g.
Cu 27: Ho tan 62,1 gam kim loi M trong dung dch HNO3 long thu c 16,8 lt hn hp kh X ktc gm 2 kh khng mu ho nu
trong khng kh. T khi hi ca X so vi H2 l 17,2. Kim loi M l
A. Mg.
B. Ag.
C. Cu.
D. Al.