Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 1

CU HI N TP DC LIU HC
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I. I CNG DC LIU HC
1. K tn nhng glycosid c hc?
2. Nhng t quc t ch mn Dc liu hc?
3. Gii thch ngha t Pharmacognosy?
4. nh ngha Dc liu hc theo ngha rng, ngha hp?
5. Ni dung mn Dc liu hc?
6. i tng nghin cu ca Dc liu hc?
7. Ranh gii gia cy thuc v cc loi cy khc l g?
8. Phn bit cy (con) thuc v dc liu?
9. Nhng i tng no c gi l dc liu?
10. nh gi cht lng dc liu phi tri qua nhng bc kim nghim no?
11. Lnh vc nghin cu thuc mi ca Dc liu hc nhm mc ch g?
12. V sao ni Dc liu hc l m ca mi khoa hc (J. Schleiden)?
13. Nu hai bng chng s dng dc liu t thi c i
14. Dc tch khi Y nm no?
15. Cc cch thc thu thp kin thc cha bnh?
16. Cc cch thc lu truyn v lu gi kinh nghim cha bnh?
17. c im ca Trung Dc l g? V sao t rt sm trong lch s c th ni Trung Hoa c
mt nn y hc?
18. Nu tn tc gi ca: Thn nng bn tho, Ni kinh, Thng hn lun, Bn tho cng mc?
19. Yoga bt ngun t nn y hc no?
20. Ngi n no li nhng kin thc cha bnh t 3500 nm TCN?
21. Papyrus l g? Do ai tm ra?
22. Ta dc l g, bt ngun t nn y hc no?
23. V sao nn y hc Ai Cp nhanh li tn t sau 1600 TCN?
24. Nh y hc ni ting ca Ai Cp?
25. Biu tng ca Y hc, Dc hc l bt ngun t u?
26. Khi bnh, thuc l thc phm. Khi khe, thc phm l thuc. y l cu ni ni ting ca
nh y hc no?
27. Tc gi quyn Lch s ng vt, Ngun gc thc vt?
28. Tc gi ca De Medicina, Lch s t nhin l ai?
29. Tc gi ni ting trong lnh vc dc liu, c nh hng ln n y hc phng Ty, vit tc
phm De Materia Medica l ai?
30. Phng php bo ch do ai xut?
31. Tc phm ni ting ca Dioscorides?
32. Thi k no Y hc phng Ty hon ton khng pht trin?
33. Cc hiu thuc xut hin phng Ty khi no?
34. Y hc phng ng xm nhp phng Ty khi no?
35. Thut gi kim xut hin khi no?
36. Ngi c nh hng ln n y hc phng Ty thi Phc hng l ai? Nhng thuyt ni
ting ca ng?
37. Quyn Pharmacologia l ca ai? Vit vo thi im no?
38. Dc tch khi Y lc no? Ha dc tc khi Dc liu lc no?
39. Hy trch dn nhng ti liu chng t Y hc Vit Nam c t lu i v kh pht trin?
40. Ngi Vit bit ch tn c t khi no?
41. Nhng th thut y hc m ngi dn thi Hng bng s dng?
42. Ty thi y, Thi y vin, T sinh ng nhng c quan ny c lp vo nhng triu i
no?
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 2
43. Nam dc tr nam nhn l cu ni ni ting ca ai? Nhng tc phm ca ng?
44. Ai l ng t ngnh Dc Vit Nam?
45. Ai l trng B mn Dc liu Thc Vt u tin ca i hc Dc khoa Si Gn?
46. Chnh sch y hc c truyn Vit Nam sau 1945?
47. Tuyn b vi mc tiu sc khe nhn loi nm 2000 c tn l g? Nu 2 mc tiu v 4 ni
dung chnh ca n?
48. Hy cho bit thi im thu hoch: dc liu ni chung, cy c tinh du, r v thn r, l v
ngn, v cy, hoa, qu, ht?
49. Nu 6 nguyn nhn nhm ln dc liu?
50. GACP l g?
51. Li ch ca enzym trong dc liu? Tc hi ca n?
52. Nu 5 c tnh ca enzym? Da vo c tnh no can thip c ch enzym?
53. Nu 4 phng php n nh dc liu?
54. Nu 4 phng php lm kh dc liu?
55. Phi m can l g?
56. Mc ch ch bin dc liu?
57. Nguyn nhn gy h hng dc liu?
58. K 6 phng php ca sc k phng?
59. Phng php sc k phng no khng quan tm n gi tr ca R
f
?
60. C ch ca: sc k giy, sc k lp mng, sc k ly tm?
61. FCC l vit tt ca phng php sc k g?
62. Trong sc k mao qun, pha tnh c b tr nh th no?
63. DCCC, CCCC l vit tt ca phng php sc k g?
64. SFE l g?
65. Khi nh lng m khng c cht chun, ngi ta dng phng php g?
66. Phng php quy v phn trm hm lng thng p dng cho loi sc k no?
67. iu kin p dng quang ph UV?
68. Ph hng ngoi IR xc nh c nhng cu trc no?
69. NMR xc nh c nhng cu trc no?
70. Nguyn tc ca MS?
71. xc nh chiu di v gc cc lin kt ca cc nguyn t trong phn t ngi ta dng ph
no?
72. xc nh cu hnh phn t c carbon bt i xng, ngi ta dng phng php g?
73. K tn mt s detector c th dng cho HPLC?
74. Hy nh ngha Cy (con) thuc?
75. Vit Nam c khong bao nhiu loi cy thuc?
76. Hy nu 3 ni dung bo tn v s dng bn vng ti nguyn cy thuc?
77. nh ngha a dng sinh hc? ngha ca n?
78. Nu 2 nguyn nhn gy mt a dng sinh hc?
79. Nu 2 bc bo bo tn v s dng bn vng ti nguyn cy thuc?
80. Nu 4 ni dung ca vic nh gi ngun ti nguyn dc?
81. CITES l cng c g?
82. nh ngha: Bo tn in situ, Bo tn ex situ?
83. Nu 4 ni dung ca vic bo tn v nng cao kinh nghim s dng cy thuc?
84. nh ngha Dc l dn tc hc?
85. Ni dung cn thc hin khi iu tra su tm cy thuc v kinh nghim s dng cy thuc?
86. Nhng thc trng v quyn s hu vt cht v tr tu trong s dng cy thuc?
87. Ni dung ca vic s dng hp l ngun ti nguyn cy thuc?
88. Nn y hc pht trin t nm 1000 TCN, cc thnh v 600 500 TCN v pht trin t y hc
Ai Cp c i. l nn y hc no? Hy k nhng thy thuc ni ting ca nn y hc ny?
89. Xu hng s dng thuc hin nay l g?
90. Hy phn bit hp cht ton phn v hot cht tinh khit t dc liu?

Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 3
II. CARBONHYDRAT V DC LIU CHA CARBONHYDRAT
1. Dng tn ti ca carbonhydrat thc vt, ng vt?
2. Cng thc chung ca carbonhydrat? Ngoi l?
3. nh ngha monosaccharid? Dng tn ti ca n? Sn phm ngng t ca n l?
4. nh ngha carbonhydrat?
5. Cc dng ng phn monosaccharid? Phn bit?
6. K tn mt oligosaccharid? Vit cu to? Cng dng?
7. Tinh bt l sn phm ca qu trnh no?
8. Tinh bt soi vi knh hin vi v knh hin vi phn cc c hnh dng th no?
9. K 4 tnh cht chung ca tinh bt
10. Hy phn bit:
Tinh bt Tn latinh Hnh dng T Vn tng trng
Go
M
Khoai m
Bp
d
Hoi sn
u xanh
Sn dy
Hong tinh
Khoai ty
11. Cu trc ca tinh bt?
12. S thy phn tinh bt bng acid qua cc giai on?
13. Nu tnh cht ca: dextrin, erythrodextrin, achrodextrin?
14. Sn phm thy phn tinh bt bng -amylase, -amylase i vi amylose, amylopectin?
15. ng dng lm nc tng, bia t u?
16. Nguyn tc ch bin tinh bt?
17. Phn bit tinh bt v bt?
18. nh tnh tinh bt
19. nh lng tinh bt
20. Nguyn tc nh lng tinh bt bng acid? Phm vi p dng?
21. Phng php nh lng bng phn cc k?
22. Trong phng php nh lng ca Purse, ngi ta ha tan tinh bt trong dung dch g?
23. Phng php nh lng o mu phc ca tinh bt vi cht g?
24. Cng dng ca tinh bt trong ngnh Dc?
25. ng dng ca: maltodextrin, cyclodextrin, ng nghch chuyn, inulin, sorbitol?
26. Hon thnh bng sau:
Tn
Vit Nam
Tn
khoa hc
B phn
dng
Thnh phn Tc dng
Sn dy
d
Hoi sn
27. Phn bit cu trc cellulose v tinh bt
28. Qu trnh thy phn cellulose v tinh bt qua cc giai on no?
29. Quan st cellulose c trn knh hin vi l do?
30. Tnh tan ca cellulose?
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 4
31. Cng dng cellulose?
32. Thnh phn ha hc ca Bng?
33. nh ngha: gm, cht nhy? Phn loi
34. K tn v cu trc nhm gm - cht nhy trung tnh
35. K tn v cu trc nhm gm - cht nhy acid uroric
36. K tn v cu trc nhm gm - cht nhy c gc sulfat
37. Thnh phn gm Arabic? Thuc nhm no?
38. Thnh phn ca thch Agar Agar? Thuc nhm no?
39. Tnh tan ca gm - cht nhy? B ta vi cht no?
40. dnh ca gm - cht nhy? Xem vi phu gm - cht nhy vi thuc nhum no?
41. Ch s n l g? Nhit l bao nhiu? Ti sao dng nhit ?
42. nh ngha Pectin? Phn loi? Phn b?
43. K tn mt pectin ha tan? Cu trc ha hc?
44. nh tnh acid pectic vi thuc th g?
45. Cc nh tnh pectin da trn kh nng to cht ng?
46. Trc khi nh lng pectin, phi tin hnh nhng bc g? ngha mi bc?
47. Tc dng ca cc enzym ln pectin?
48. Pectin khng ha tan l g? Cu to?
49. nh tnh uronic trong dc liu cha Gm arabic?
50. Dung dch gm vi hydroperoxyde, benzidin 1% trong ethanol c mu g? Gii thch?
51. Cng dng ca pectin trong ngnh Dc? Ch g khi bo ch thuc dng pectin?
52. M : thnh phn, cng dng?

III. I CNG GLYCOSID
1. nh ngha Glycosid theo ngha rng, ngha hp
2. Phn bit Glycosid v Pseudoglycosid
3. Phn loi Glycosid theo: dy ni, theo genin
4. Tn gi cc Holosid v Heterosid
5. Trng thi t nhin ca glycosid, mu sc v v?
6. Tnh tan ca glycosid?
7. S thy phn glycosid?
8. Phn ng ha hc ca glycosid?
9. T bt dc liu, loi tp km phn cc ta dng dung mi g?
10. So snh kh nng thy gii ca cc loi lin kt glycosid khc nhau?

IV. GLYCOSID TIM V DC LIU CHA GLYCOSID TIM
1. Quy tc 3R l g?
2. Cu trc glycosid tim?
3. Nu cu trc ca khung steroid, ca vng lacton
4. Cu trc lp th ca khung steroid? Nu tn mt s genin thng gp vi v tr OH tng
ng?
5. ng trong glycosid tim gm nhng loi no?
6. Lin quan cu trc tc dng i vi glycosid tim?
7. Tnh tan ca glycosid tim?
8. S hp thu UV ca Cardenolid v Bufadienolid?
9. Nu ha tnh ca: phn ng, khung steroid, vng lacton?
10. Hon thnh bng sau:
Tn
Vit Nam
Tn
khoa hc
B phn
dng
Genin Ose
Hp thu v
thi tr
Tc dng
Dng a hong ta
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 5
Dng a hong vng
Strophanthus gratus
Strophanthus kombe
Strophanthus hispidus
Sng d hoa vng
Sng d hoa
Trc o
Thng thin
Hnh bin hoa trng

V. COUMARIN V DC LIU CHA COUMARIN
1. nh ngha coumarin? V khung chung ca coumarin
2. Ngun gc ca coumarin? Cch tng hp ha hc?
3. Phn loi 3 nhm chnh ca coumarin?
4. K tn v vit cu trc cc coumarin chnh danh? (dng monomer, dimer)
5. Cng thc v tc dng wafarin?
6. Cng thc v tc dng ca dicoumarol?
7. Tn v cu trc mt s coumarin thuc: furano-coumarin, pyrano-coumarin?
8. K tn mt coumaro-flavonoid quan trng? Tc dng?
9. Mt c t c gc coumarin?
10. Tnh cht vt l ca coumarin? (tnh tan, vi thng hoa, tnh bn ca vng vi acid-base, UV)
11. Chit xut coumarin? Loi polyphenol bng cht g?
12. K tn 5 phn ng ha hc quan trng ca coumarin? Cho bit phng trnh, hin tng,
mu sc, ng dng?
13. C ch: ng m vng lacton? Th nghim hunh quang? Phn ng vi thuc th diazo?
14. Dung mi chy sc k cho coumarin l phn cc hay km phn cc? Ti sao?
15. Nu 3 phng php nh lng coumarin? Phng php no chnh xc nht?
16. Nhng tc dng chnh ca coumarin?
17. K tn 4 dc liu c cha coumarin?
18. Th nghim in vitro thy coumarin c tc dng khng HIV. l dc liu g?
19. Tc hi chnh ca coumarin?
20. Cht chng ung th thuc nhm coumarin l g?
21. Hon thnh bng sau:
Tn
Vit Nam
Tn
khoa hc
B phn
dng
Thnh phn Tc dng
Bch ch
Tin h
M u
Si t

22. Phn ng mu nh tnh chuyn bit cho Bch ch?
23. Mu khi soi UV 365 ca: scopoletin? Coumarin khc?
24. Tc dng ph ca Bch ch khi dng liu nh? Liu cao?
25. Phn ng quan trng nh tnh Tin h?
26. Ngoi coumarin, thnh phn quan trng ca M u l g?
27. Vitamin F l g?
28. Mecalin l ch phm chit xut t dc liu g?
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 6
29. Cht quan trng nht ca Si t l g? Vit cng thc?
30. Dc liu cha coumarin, khng c, dng nh rau n?

VI. TANNIN V DC LIU CHA TANNIN
1. K 3 tnh cht ca tannin chnh thc. Phn bit vi pseudotannin?
2. K tn mt s pseudotannin chnh?
3. Phn bit c im cu trc ca tannin chnh thc v pseudotannin
4. nh ngha tannin? So snh cu trc tanosid v glycosid tim, saponin?
5. K tn t nht 4 genin chnh tham gia thnh phn tannin?
6. Phn loi tannin?
7. Tannin loi thy phn c, c th dng tc nhn g thy phn n?
8. K tn cc tannin khng thy phn c?
9. Tnh tan ca tannin thy phn c v loi khng thy phn c?
10. Khi thy phn tanosid ta c nhng thnh phn no?
11. Tanosid gm nhng loi no?
12. Khi phn tannin pyrogallic ta c thnh phn no? Dy ni trong tannin ny l g? Bn
cht ca dy ni l g?
13. Tannin pyrogallic c th c trong dc liu no? Hy cho bit cu trc tannin trong Galla
chinesis?
14. Thy phn tannin ellagic ta c thnh phn no? Dy ni y c th l dy ni g, bn
cht ca n?
15. Dng depsidon ca tannin ellagic l g?
16. Cc ellagic ngng t vi nhau ti v tr no?
17. Tannin ellagic c th tn to trong dc liu no? Hy cho bit thnh phn tannin ellagic
trong Kha t?
18. Phn bit gia tannin pyrogallic v tannin ellagic v cc c im: tnh tan, dy ni, kh
nng ta protein.
19. Dng ngng t ca tannin khng thy phn c l g?
20. Tannin khng thy phn c gm 3 loi, l g?
21. Cu trc ca tannin pyrocatechic, n l polymer ca cht no? Dy ni l g?
22. n v nh nht ca tannin pyrocatechic l g?
23. Chng cht kh tannin pyrocatechic ta c cht g?
24. EGCG l vit tt ca cht g, trong cu trc ca n gm nhng cu trc no?
25. Tnh cht ca tannin pyrocatechic: tnh tan trong nc? (Trong dung mi EtOH, aceton, n-
hexan, benzen), dng kt ta vi protein, vi nc Brom, vi ch acetat kim/ trung tnh
26. iu kin gi tr n ca polymer tannin pyrocatechic c th thuc da?
27. Tannin pyrocatechic c th tn ti trong nhng dc liu no, nhng cu trc no?
28. K dc liu c th cha cu trc hn hp tannin pyrogallic v tannin pyrocatechic?
29. So snh pseudotannin v tannin chnh thc v: khi lng, tnh thuc da, kh nng ta
gelatin/ mui?
30. K tn cc pseudotannin in hnh
31. V cu trc mt s pseudotannin: cafeic acid, quinic acid, chlorogenic acid?
32. Chlorogenic acid c cu trc ging vi mt glycosid no? C th phn bit bng cch g?
33. Tnh tan trong EtOAc ca cc tannin sau: catechin, epicatechin, proanthocyanidin-dimer,
proanthocyanidin-oligomer, proanthocyanidin-polymer?
34. C ch ca phn ng thuc da?
35. UV v IR c th l phn ng nh tnh tannin khng?
36. Phn bit phn ng kim phn v thy phn tannin?
37. Sn phm ca phn ng kim phn tannin?
38. Tc dng ca acid, tannase ln tannin pyrogallic v tannin pyrocatechic to sn phm g?
39. Mt loi tannin thy phn c nhng khng b thy phn bi tannase?
40. Sn phm phn ng oxy ha ca tannin vi cht oxy ha yu, cht oxy ha mnh?
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 7
41. K tn 8 phn ng h hc ca tannin?
42. Mu ca sn phm tannin vi: nc brom, ch acetat, thuc th Stiasny, FeCl
3
?
43. K tn nhng phn ng nh tnh tannin?
44. Tannin c th dng gii c nhng cht no? C ch l g?
45. V sao trong phn ng nh tnh tannin vi gelatin/ mui phi loi b EtOH?
46. Hon thnh bng sau:
Tnh cht Tannin pyrocatechic Tannin pyrogallic
Thy phn
Tnh tan trong nc
Thuc da
Kim phn
FeCl
3

Stiasny
Nc Brom
47. Thnh phn thuc th Stiasny l g?
48. Vit quy trnh nh tnh phn bit tannin PG v PC?
49. Vit quy trnh nh tnh phn bit tannin PG, PC c ln pseudotannin?
50. V sao tannin kh sc k? S dng pha tnh, pha ng g ca tannin (HPLC)? Thuc th
hin mu (SKLM)?
51. Trong cng thc nh lng tannin bng phng php cn: P = P
1
(P
2
+ P
0
), cho bit cc
gi tr P l g?
52. Phng php nh lng tannin PG?
53. Phng php nh lng tannin PC v catechin?
54. Phng php dng ng acetat nh lng tannin?
55. Trong phng php th tch, thuc th thng c dng cho phn ng oxy kh ca
KmnO
4
khi nh lng trc tip/ gin tip tannin?
56. Quy trnh chit tannin?
57. Dung mi tt nht chit tannin tinh khit ha?
58. K cc tc dng sinh hc ca tannin?
59. Hy cho bit tn khoa hc, b phn dng, thnh phn ha hc, cng dng ca Tr
60. Phn bit: Bch tr, tr xanh, tr Long, tr en, tr ti v: thm, ln men, cht, b
phn ly t cy tr?

VII. ANTHRANOID V DC LIU CHA ANTHRANOID
1. Phn loi hp cht quinon
2. Hy nu: cu trc, dng tn ti, mu, tnh tan, cht in hnh ca benzoquinon v
naphtoquinon?
3. Vit cng thc coenzym Q10, tnh cht, cng dng, tc dng
4. Phn ng phn bit antraquinon v naphtoquinon?
5. Vit cng thc hai cht trong nhm naphtoquinon? Chng c trong dc liu no? Cng
dng?
6. Cc dng tn ti ca antranoid v lin quan n tc dng dc l?
7. Khung c bn v sinh nguyn ca antranoid?
8. K mt ng dng ca acid shikimic?
9. Sinh nguyn ca antraquinon h Rubiaceae?
10. Khung c bn ca antraquinon l g?
11. Vit cng thc nhm phm nhum, nhm nhun ty
12. K tn 5 cht thuc nhm phm nhum?
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 8
13. Mt cht thuc nhm phm nhum c dng lm phm mu son mi? Vit cng thc v
cho bit ngun gc ca n?
14. Mt cht iu ch shellac? Ngun gc?
15. Nhm nhun ty c cc nhm th -CH
3
, -CH
2
OH, -CHO, -COOH c gi l nhm g?
16. K tn cc cht thuc nhm nhun ty v vit cng thc
17. S khc nhau gia dng oxy ha v dng kh? Vit cng thc antraquinon v antron?
18. Cc v tr -OH no thng c gn vi ng to antranosid?
19. K tn nhng cht nhm antraquinoid c dy ni C-glycosid?
20. K tn v vit cng thc cc antranoid dng dimer?
21. Vit cng thc Fragilin
22. Nhm nhun ty phn b phn ln nhng h thc vt no?
23. Tnh cht chung antranoid v: mu sc, tnh tan, thng hoa?
24. Tnh cht ha hc ca antranoid?
25. Hy cho bit tnh acid ca cc nhm -OH v -OH , nhm -COOH
26. Cho bit phn ng ca antranoid v Mg acetat/ cn
27. Phn ng vi natri borat c bit cho nhng cht no?
28. Sn phm ca antranol vi p-nitrodimethyl anilin l cht g?
29. Phn ng Borntraeger? T phn ng ny cho bit cc chit antranoid dng t do, ton phn,
kt hp?
30. Nguyn tc nh tnh acid chrysophanic?
31. Trong nh tnh antranoid bng SKLM, trong h dung mi thng cho thm acid no?
32. Cho bit 7 cch pht hin vt SKLM antranoid?
33. Vi ph UV-Vis, nu cho dung dch kim vo dch chit c antranoid th c hin tng
quang ph no?
34. Trong quang ph IR ca antranoid, ngi ta quan tm nhng nh ca nhm chc ha hc
no?
35. K nhng phng php nh lng antranoid?
36. Trnh by phng php cn nh lng antranoid?
37. Trnh by v so snh phng php so mu ca Tschirch, Auterhoff?
38. Trong phng php so mu ci tin Auterhoff, cht chun c dng l g?
39. Trnh by phng php acid-base nh lng antranoid?
40. Trnh by phng php vi sinh vt nh lng antranoid?
41. Hy cho bit Sennosid A, B, C, D c cu trc nh th no, dng ng phn g?
42. Trong nh lng Sennosid, ngi ta thng pha Sennosid A, B trong dung dch g?
43. Tiu chun Sennosid A v Sennosid B trong dc liu Phan t l bao nhiu?
44. Nhit ct HPLC thng dng trong nh lng Sennosid?
45. nh lng Sennosid bng HPLC thng dng pha tnh l g?
46. chit xut hiu qu antranoid, ngi ta dng hn hp dung mi g?
47. Tc dng dc l ca antranoid?
48. Cht no c tc dng khng nm?
49. Lu g khi s dng dc liu i hong?
50. Thnh phn ha hc ca i hong? Trong thnh phn ny c cht g chng ch nh vi
bnh nhn si thn?
51. Tiu chun nh lng Sennosid A trong dc liu i hong l bao nhiu?
52. Liu dng ca i hong l bao nhiu nhun trng? kch thch tiu ha?
53. Lu g khi dng dc liu Phan t?
54. Phn bit hai loi Cassia angustifolia v Cassia acutifolia?
55. Thnh phn ha hc ca Phan t? Trong thnh phn ny c cht no gy hi cho ngi s
dng? Khc phc?
56. nh tnh dch chit Phan t trn SKLM, pht hin bng acid nitric 25% v KOH 5% trong
cn, ta c cc vt bt mu g?
57. Thnh phn ha hc ca L hi?
58. Thnh phn ca barbaloin? Tnh tan ca n?
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 9
59. Phn ng nh tnh quan trng i vi L hi?
60. Lm sao phn bit l hi Barbade v l hi Cape?
61. Cht nha trong L hi c nh gi l tt khi no?
62. Thnh phn ha hc H th ?
63. Thnh phn ha hc ca Nhu?
64. Thnh phn, tc dng dc l ca cng dng ca Mung tru?
65. Nguyn tc nh lng dc liu Phan t, i hong theo Dc in Trung Quc?

VIII. FLAVONOID V DC LIU CHA FLAVONOID
1. K tn 6 nhm mang mu
2. Cu trc chung ca khung flavonoid?
3. Flavonoid c chit u tin trong dc liu no?
4. Gii thch ngha t flavonoid?
5. Formononetin v Genistein lm cu gim sinh sn l do tc dng kiu g?
6. Citrin chng xut huyt l tc dng kiu g?
7. Tc dng ni bt ca Daidzein?
8. K tn 3 cu trc flavonoid chnh?
9. Nu cch nh s cho flavonol, anthocyanidin, chalcon?
10. Vit cng thc chung v k tn cc cht thuc nhm eu-flavonid?
11. Vit cng thc chung v k tn cc cht thuc nhm iso-flavonoid?
12. Vit cng thc chung v k tn cc cht thuc nhm neo-flavonid?
13. Vit cu trc ca brazilein v inophylloid?
14. Dy ni chnh trong cc bi-flavonoid?
15. Vit cng thc ginkgetin?
16. Hy bit dy ni glycosid trong: Rutin, persicarin, puerarin?
17. Hy cho bit s khc nhau v phn ng trong flavonid v glycosid tim?
18. Vit cng thc cc ose sau: rutinose, neohesperidose
19. Nhng v tr thng gp ca ng trong phn t genin ca flavonid?
20. Vit cng thc chung v k tn cc cht thuc nhm flavon?
21. Vit cng thc chung v k tn cc cht thuc nhm flavanol?
22. Vit cng thc chung v k tn cc cht thuc nhm flavanon?
23. Vit cng thc chung v k tn cc cht thuc nhm flavanolol?
24. Vit cng thc chung v k tn cc cht thuc nhm chalcon, dihydrochalcon, auron,
anthocyanidin, catechin. Leucoanthocyanidin?
25. Hy vit mc oxy ha tng dn ca cc cht thuc nhm eu-flavonoid?
26. Hon thnh bng sau:
Cht Cng thc Thuc nhm C trong dc liu
Ampelopsin
Aromadendrin
Aureusidin
Bracteatin
Butein
Chalco-naringenin
Cyanidin
Epigallocatechin
Eriodictyol
Gallocatechin
Hesperidin
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 10
Isoquercetin
Kaempferol
Leucoanthocyanidin
Liquiritigenin
Myricetin
Naringenin
nubigenol
Phloretin
Quercetin
Rutin
Taxifolin
Troxerutin
27. Sc t ch yu ca cnh hoa l g? Tnh tan v tnh cht ha hc ca n?
28. Cht c tnh kh mnh thuc eu-flavonoid?
29. Troxerutin khc rutin nh th no?
30. Sinh nguyn ca flavonoid l g?
31. T sinh nguyn, vng no c tng hp u tin trong khung flavonoid?
32. Flavonoid u tin c to thnh t sinh nguyn?
33. Hon thnh bng sau: Khi phn lp flavonoid
Trng thi Cht
Ch yu l genin
Ch yu l glycosid
Dng genin v glycosid
34. Hon thnh bng sau:
Cht Mu sc
Anthocyanidin
Auron
Catechin
Chalcon
Dihydrochalcon
Flavanon
Flavanonol
Flavon
Isoflavon
Leucoanthocyanidin
35. S lin quan gia m mu v s nhm OH?
36. Hy cho bit bn tng dn ca cc genin nhm eu-flavonoid?
37. Tnh tan ca eu-flavonoid i dng genin, dng glycosid?
38. V sao flavonoid c OH/C7 c th tan c trong kim? V sao AC tan c trong nc?
39. Ph UV ca flavonoid? Phn loi cc cht theo
max
tng dn?
40. Flavonol v AC, cht no c
max
ln hn?
41. K nhng tnh cht ha hc ca flavonoid?
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 11
42. Tnh acid ca flavonoid l do nhm chc no? nh hng ca v tr nhm chc ln tnh
acid ca flavonoid?
43. V sao OH phenol v tr s 3 v s 5 li c tnh acid yu hn v tr s 7 v s 4?
44. Cc v tr OH thng to lin kt glycosid?
45. Hy k tn 4 biosid ng ch nht? Vit cu to ca n?
46. Flavonoid trong mi trng kim s c hin tng g?
47. Phn ng no gip xc nh cu trc ca flavonoid qua v tr OH ca n?
48. Vit cng thc luteolin?
49. Hon thnh s sau: luteolin (+AlCl
3
/MeOH) X (+HCl) Y. Nhn xt ph UV ca 3
cht trn?
50. Nhng thuc th tng mu flavonoid?
51. Hon thnh bng sau:
Thuc th Mu phn ng
AcONa
AlCl
3

EtONa
Na
2
CO
3

NaOH
ZnCl
2

52. Tnh cht ca vng: -pyron, pyrilium?
53. V sao ni flavonoid c tnh lng tnh?
54. Khi kh vng -pyron ta c sn phm g v tnh cht ca n?
55. Khi oxy ha flavon, flavanon, leucoanthocyanidin ta c sn phm g?
56. Sn phm kh cui cng ca flavanon l g?
57. K vi tc nhn trong phn ng azo ha to mu vi flavonoid? iu kin phn ng? Nu
cho d thuc th th c hin tng g?
58. Kim phn eu-flavonoid ta c sn phm g?
59. Kim phn iso-flavonoid ta c sn phm g?
60. Kim tra v theo di phn ng thy phn bng k thut g?
61. So snh bn cc dy 3-O-glycosid, 7-O-glycosid, 4-O-glycosid?
62. Phn ng no so snh bn gia cc dy glycosid trn?
63. Hon thnh bng sau:
Ose Enzym
Glucose
Galactose
-rhamnose
Neohesperidose
Anthocyanin
Acid glucuronic
64. Hy cho bit nhng dung mi no c th chit flavonoid?
65. Dng MeOH hoc EtOH chit flavonoid ta c nhng thnh phn no? Nu dng
cloroform hoc diclormetan ta c thnh phn no?
66. Dng cloroform hay diclormetan chit loi flavonoid no?
67. Trnh by quy trnh chit vi dy dung mi?
68. Phng php chit no p dng cho cc flavonoid km bn?
69. Phng php chit no p dng cho cc Citro-flavonoid trong chi Citrus?
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 12
70. So snh phn cc ca flavonoid vi ng, tannin, saponosid, anthraglycosid,
phytosterol, coumarin, tinh du, cht bo?
71. Dng nhng k thut no chit flavonoid? ng ch nht l k thut no?
72. Trn ct Silicagel pha thun nhm oxyd, vi dung mi phn cc km hay trung bnh, nu
dng chit flavonoid th c hin tng g?
73. Vi SKC Dialon HP-20 vi h dung mi phn cc, flavonoid ra sau nhng cht no?
74. Trn SKC Sephadex G/LH-20 vi h dung mi phn cc, flavonoid s ra sau cht no? Gii
thch v sao?
75. Sn phm ca flavonoid vi kim c v kim long?
76. Hon thnh bng sau:
Cht Mu trc khi cho kim Mu sau khi cho kim
Anthocyanidin
Auron
Chalcon
Flavanon
Flavon
Flavonol
Iso-flavonoid
77. Hon thnh bng sau:
Cht Mu
Anthocyanidin + HCl
Chalcon + HCl
Leucoanthocyanidin + HCl
Flavon + H
2
SO
4

Catechin + HCl
Catechin + H
2
SO
4

Isoflavon + H
2
SO
4

78. V sao chalcon c phn ng cyanidin?
79. Lm sao phn bit dng genin/glycosid?
80. Mu ca flavonoid khi phn ng vi FeCl
3
, ch acetat?
81. Ch acetat trung tnh phn ng vi flavonoid vi iu kin cu trc g?
82. V sao khng dng ch acetat loi tp?
83. Flavonoid + AlCl
3
/EtOH soi UV 365nm c hin tng g?
84. V sao phn ng vi thuc th diazonium khng c hiu cho flavonoid?
85. C th pht hin vt sc k flavonoid bng nhng cch no?
86. Vai tr ca flavonoid i vi thc vt?
87. Tc dng dc l ca flavonoid?
88. Hon thnh bng sau: Lin quan cu trc tc dng ca flavonoid
Tc dng Cu trc
Kiu vitamin P
Khng khi u
Khng virus
Kiu estrogen
89. Nhng flavonoid ng ch nht c s dng hin nay?
90. K 4 genin thng gp nhm iso-flavonoid?
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 13
91. Tc dng ni tri ca iso-flavonoid l g?
92. Iso-flavonoid phn b ch yu h thc vt no?
93. Thnh phn thu hoch He i vi He m v He hoa?
94. Theo Dc in Vit Nam III, hm lng rutin trong hoa He bao nhiu l t?
95. Rutin thuc loi flavonoid no? Vit cng thc ca n?
96. K tn dc liu khc He c hm lng rutin cao?
97. Tnh cht ca rutin? Tnh tan ca n?
98. Phn ng so mu vi AlCl
3
, phn ng Cyanidin thc hin nhng bc sng no?
99. nh lng rutin: 1 gam quercetin c bao nhiu gam rutin?
100. Vit cng thc trihydroxyethyl-rutosid?
101. B phn dng ca Cynara scolymus? Thu hoch khi no l tt nht?
102. Lu g khi thu hoch artis?
103. Thnh phn chnh ca artis?
104. Phn ng mu kim nghim artis?
105. Tc dng ca artis?
106. R non v r gi ca Scutellaria baicalensis cn c gi l g?
107. Hong cm thn l g?
108. Thnh phn chnh ca Scutellaria baicalensis? Tc dng chnh?
109. Flavonoid no ch im ca cc cy h Lamiaceae?
110. Thnh phn, tc dng ca Orthosiphon stamineus Lamiaceae?
111. Tiu chun nh lng Orthosiphon stamineus v hm lng cht chit c?
112. Chng ch nh khi dng dc liu Carthamus tincotorius Asteraceae? Thnh phn, tc
dng?
113. Thnh phn chnh ca Derris elliptica Fabaceae? Tc dng?
114. Tc dng sinh hc ni bt ca Silybum marianum Asteraceae l g?
115. Thnh phn v tc dng Ginkgo biloba Ginkgoaceae?
116. K tn nhng flavonoid chnh trong Bi, Cam, Qut, Tc, Chanh? Tc dng sinh hc?
117. Cam, chanh, qut c chung flavonoid g?
118. Cam, qut, tc cho chung flavonoid g?
119. Daflon c thnh phn l g?
120. Grape fruit c tc dng ni bt l g?

IX. SAPONIN V DC LIU CHA SAPONIN
1. nh ngha saponin. Nhng ngoi l?
2. K tn 2 ng vt c saponin?
3. Phn loi saponin?
4. Cc h thc vt thng cha saponin? Nu hm lng saponin trong sm, b kt, cam tho?
5. Sinh nguyn ca saponin?
6. Phn loi saponin theo cc cu trc ha hc
7. Saponin triterpen gm my n v hemiterpen vi bao nhiu carbon? Phn loi?
8. Vit cng thc chung ca nhm olean, k tn v v cu trc cc cht nhm ny?
9. Vit cng thc chung ca nhm ursan, k tn v v cu trc cc cht nhm ny?
10. Vit cng thc chung ca nhm lupan, k tn v v cu trc cc cht nhm ny?
11. Vit cng thc chung ca nhm hopan, k tn v v cu trc cc cht nhm ny
12. Nhm dammaran c trng cho loi no? V cng thc chung v mt s cht thuc nhm
ny? Th no genin tht, genin gi?
13. Dammaran thng phn b nhng h thc vt no?
14. Nhm lanostan phn b loi no? Tnh cht c bit ca n? Vit cng thc chung v mt
cht thuc nhm ny?
15. Nhm cycloartan phn b loi no? Vit cng thc chung v mt cht thuc nhm ny?
16. Nhm cucurbitan phn b loi no? Vit cng thc chung v mt cht thuc nhm ny?
17. Vit cng thc khung spirostan? Phn bit vi cholestan?
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 14
18. ng phn ca spirostan?
19. K tn mt s spirostan thin v v cng thc?
20. Phn bit spirostan v genin glycosid tim?
21. Hai nguyn liu quan trng tng hp steroid?
22. V cu trc furostan? Cht thuc nhm ny?
23. Vit cu trc: aminofurostan, spirosolan, solanidan?
24. Th no l pseudo-glycosid?
25. Tnh cht saponosid monodesmosid v bisdesmosid?
26. Tnh kt tinh, tnh tan ca ca saponosid v sapogenin?
27. Saponin b hp thu bi nhng cht no?
28. Saponin c th b thy phn bi nhng tc nhn no?
29. Gii thch tnh to bt bn ca saponin?
30. Gii thch tnh ph huyt ca saponin?
31. So snh tnh ph huyt ca saponin triterpen v saponin steroid? Da vo tnh cht ny
phn bit s b saponin?
32. Nhng yu t nh hng n tnh ph huyt?
33. V sao saponin c vi c v ng vt mu lnh
34. So snh tnh to phc vi cholestan v dn xut 3-hydroxysteroid gia cc loi saponin?
35. V sao saponin tr c x va ng mch?
36. Nhng phn ng nh tnh saponin?
37. nh ngha ch s bt?
38. nh ngha ch s ph huyt?
39. nh ngha ch s c?
40. Hy k nhng phn ng mu nh tnh saponin? Trnh by nhng phn ng ?
41. Hy trnh by cc phn ng phn bit s b saponin?
42. Thuc th no dng cho sc k saponin alkaloid steroid?
43. Thuc th hin mu trong SKLM saponin trong cc cy Panax spp.
44. K nhng bng c trong nh tnh saponin bng ph IR?
45. Phn bit cc ng phn saponin bng ph IR
46. u im ca ph
1
H-NMR,
13
C-NMR
47. Phng php cn nh lng saponin vi iu kin g?
48. Trc khi nh lng saponin bng phng php o quang, cn thc hin qu trnh g?
49. Trong phng php o quang, cn thm thuc th g i vi ginsenosid, acid glycyrhetic,
diosgenin o c nh sng kh kin?
50. Ct thng dng trong HPLC cho nh tnh nh lng saponin?
51. Loi saponin no nh lng c trong mi trng khan?
52. Nhng bc chit xut saponin?
53. Nhng phng php tinh khit ha saponin?
54. Nhng phng php chit xut sapogenin?
55. Hy cho bit nhng tc dng chnh ca saponin?
56. Cht ng ch trong tc dng khng nm ca saponin?
57. K mt loi saponin c th khng khun, khng lao, khng phong?
58. Loi saponin no c tc dng khng vim?
59. Loi saponin no c tc dng khng ung th?
60. Loi saponin no c tc dng c vi c, cn trng?
61. Cng dng ca saponin?
62. Nhng saponin no dng nguyn liu bn tng hp steroid?
63. Hon thnh bng sau:
Tn
Vit Nam
Tn
khoa hc
c im
thc vt
B phn
dng
Thnh phn
ha hc
Cng dng
Tc dng
Cam tho
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 15
Cam tho dy
Cam tho t
Cam tho bia
Sng rn
Ngu tt bc
Ngu tt nam
Rau m
Nhn sm
Tam tht
Sm Vit Nam
Ng gia b chn chim
T gii
Ma d
Da M
64. Saponin, flavonoid, coumarin ch yu trong Glycyrrhiza glabra l g? Vit cng thc?
65. Nu nhng phn ng nh tnh cho dc liu Glycyrrhiza glabra?
66. Nu phng php nh lng acid glycyrrhizic bng phng php th tch?
67. Trong Glycyrrhiza glabra, cht no c tc dng chng lot d dy, long m v gim ho, tc
dng corticoid?
68. Tc dng do dng Glycyrrhiza glabra lu di?
69. Cht no c tnh c trong Abrus precatorius?
70. Alkaloid c vng spermidin ln trong cy Albizza myriophylla l g?
71. V sao ni dng Sng rn thay th cho Cam tho l gi mo?
72. Cu trc ca SapH v SapI trong Achyranthes aspera?
73. SKLM pht hin cc saponin trong Achyranthes aspera bng thuc th g? Gii thch?
74. Vit cng thc asiaticosid v genin ca n?
75. C ch lm lin so ca Centella asiatica?
76. Thnh phn ca ch phm MADECASSOL ca Syntex?
77. Lm sao phn bit tui ca cc Panax ginseng?
78. B phn dng tt nht ca Panax ginseng?
79. Hai dng ch bin ca Panax ginseng? Phn bit v cch ch bin, thnh phn v tc dng?
80. Khu no l quan trng nht trong ch bin Hng sm?
81. K 5 loi Hng sm?
82. Trong Panax ginseng, ginsenosid c hm lng cao nht b phn no?
83. Thy phn cc ginsenosid ta c nhng cht no? (bng acid v bng enzym)
84. K nhng sapoin dammaran thuc: protopanaxadiol v protopanaxatriol?
85. Hon thnh bng sau:
Thnh phn Hng sm Bch sm
Mu sc
Saponin
Polysaccharid
Tinh bt
Enzym
Polyacetylen
Bo qun
Cu hi n tp Dc liu hc 16
Hot tnh cho hydrogen
c ch ngng tp tiu cu
86. Lu g khi dng Panax ginseng?
87. Khc bit v c im thc vt gia Panax ginseng v Panax notoginseng?
88. S khc bit v cch ch bin gia Panax ginseng v Panax notoginseng?
89. Phn b ca Panax vietnamensis?
90. C bao nhiu ng phn ca saponin nhm olean, ursan? Nhm lupan?
91. Vit cng thc diosgenin trong T gii?
92. Cng dng chnh ca Ma d?
93. Cht no trong Da M c th chit tng hp steroid?
94. Nu phng php lm giu diosgenin trong Ma d?
95. Phn bit s khc nhau v c im thc vt Nhn sm v Sm Ngc Linh?
96. Mu ca dch chit Panax vietnamensis vi phn ng Liebermann Burchard?
97. T l Panax vietnamensis hin nay chit c bao nhiu saponin, trong c bao nhiu
saponin dammaran?
98. Trong b phn di mt t ca Panax vietnamensis c bao nhiu saponin, trong c bao
nhiu saponin dammaran?
99. Saponin ca Schefflera octophylla ch yu thuc nhm no? Chng to thnh bao nhiu cp
ng phn?
100. Pht hin vt SKLM ca saponin trong Panax vietnamensis bng thuc th g?

X. MONOTERPEN V DITERPEN
1. nh ngha terpen?
2. nh ngha monoterpenoid?
3. Trong thc vt, thng gp monoterpenoid trong nhm no?
4. Vit cng thc acid picrocinic v gardenloid?
5. Vit cu trc iridan, iridodial, nor-iridoid, seco-iridoid?
6. Phn loi cc iridoid?
7. Vit cng thc loganin, theveridosid, gardenosid, gentiosid, rehmaniosid, catalpol,
aucubosid, unedosid, fulvoplumierin, plumericin?
8. Vit cng thc cc seco-iridoid?
9. Phn b ca monoterpenoid?
10. Tnh cht ca iridoid?
11. Phn ng nh tnh iridoid?
12. Tc dng v cng dng ca iridoid?
13. nh ngha diterpenoid?
14. Hon thnh bng sau:
Tn
Vit Nam
Tn
khoa hc
c im
thc vt
B phn
dng
Thnh phn
ha hc
Tc dng
Cng dng
a hong
o tin
Xuyn tm lin
15. Cch ch bin a hong?
16. Phn bit Sinh a v Thc a?
17. Vit cng thc catalpol? Tc dng ca n?
18. V sao khng dng o tin liu cao
19. Vit cng thc andrographolid v neoandrographolid?
20. Tc dng ph khi dng Xuyn tm lin?