Rise of totalitarianism and ultra nationalism Rise of dictatorial regimes in the 1930s directly related to he coming of World War II By 1939 only two major European powers remained Democratic (France and UK) Rise of ultra nationalism in Japan Rise of totalitarianism in Germany, Italy, and Russia -Totalitarianism is defined as a radical dictatorship that greatly extends the functions and power of the central state. Fascism, Nazism, Communism all fall under the title of totalitarian states. Totalitarianism -All used modern propaganda to conquer hearts and minds of their subjects -Controlled politics and economics -Controlled societal, intellectual, and cultural aspects of life -Led by single leader and single party -Police controls (Nazi SS, Soviet Secret Police) Rise of Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) Born and raised in Austria Dispatch carrier for Germany during WWI Blamed Jews and the Marxist for Germans loss Attempted an uprising against the Weimar government in 1923 and failed Hitler was then thrown in jail Mein Kampf (my struggle) written while Hitler was in prison and spoke about his personal ideologies Extreme German nationalist Military ambitions Socialist Darwinist theory taken into his own hands Europe at War Germany invades Poland September 1, 1939 Blitzkrieg lightning war agaisnt Denmark and Norway April 9, 1940 Attack on Netherlands, Belgium, and France May 10, 1940 Battle of Britain, Fall 1940 Invasion of the Soviet Union, June 22, 1941 Japan and the West Japanese leaders followed the war in Europe very closely German-Japanese Alliance, September 1940 Japan immediately invaded French Indochina US warned Japan it would cut off sale of oil and scrap iron unless Japan withdrew Japan relied on the US for 90% of oil Japan began planning attack on Pearl Harbor US and WWII December 7, 1941, a day which will live in infamy US Naval base of Pearl Harbor in Oahu, Hawaii is attacked by Japanese forces Surprise attack claimed the lives of more than 2,300 troops December 8, 1941 US Congress declares a state of war with Japan D-Day and beyond June 6, 1944 Crucial and much delayed, 2 nd front opened by US and Great Britain in France August 1944, Paris was liberated Battle of the Bulge: Hitlers last stand 11 months, 1 day after Normandy landing European war ended
War in the Pacific The war in the pacific continued for four more months after the end of the war in Europe Island hopping tactics Battle of Midway Manhattan Project Hiroshima, August 6, 1945 Nagasaki, August 9, 1945 Japan surrenders on August 15, 1945