Toi Tai Gioi Ban Cung The

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Ti ti gii, bn cng th Page 1

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Chng 1. t n n tr thnh thin ti
Chng 2. qu trnh hc tp hiu qu
Chng 3. bn sn sng i n thnh cng cha?
Chng 4. ti t tin, ti c th bay cao v ti lm c
Chng 5. bn s hu b no ca 1 thin ti
Chng 6. phng php c nm bt thng tin
Chng 7: s t duy (my map ping) cng c ghi nh ti u
Chng 8: tr nh siu ng c phi tr nh ang km hm bn
Chng 9:tr nh siu ng dnh cho s h thng s
Chng 10: m hnh tr nh
Chng 11 ngh thut ng dng l thuyt vo thc hnh
Chng 12 :dm c m, sc mnh ca mc tiu
thnh cng khng phi l do may mn
Chng 13 : ng lc mnh m vt qua s li bing
Chng 14: cng thc t im tuyt i
Chng 15: thi gian l tin bc lm ch thi gi an, lm ch cuc sng
Chng 16. to quyt tm mnh m tc th
Chng 17. tng tc v ch
Chng 18: vinh quang v chin thng



PHN MT
TI TI GII BN CNG TH

CHNG MT
T N N TR THNH THIN TI
C TH NO MT A TR NGC NGHCH, N N LI TR THNH MT
TI NNG SNG CHI?
Trc ht, ti xin chc mng bn v chn quyn sch ny. Vic bn sn sng u t thi
gi an v cng sc c quyn sch ny cho thy t y lng mnh, bn bit r rng bn c
kh nng t nhiu thnh cng hn nhng g bn ang t c ngy hm nay. Cho d by gi
bn ang l 1 hc sinh gii, mt hc sinh trung bnh hay thm ch l 1 hc sinh km, ti chc
chn rng bn c tim nng t c nhng kt qu xut sc m bn khao kht. Bn bit r
v bn c nim tin mnh lit rng trong bn, mi ti nng tim n ang i c gii phng.
Hu nh mi ngy, ti i khp ni t chc nhng bui chuyn dnh cho hng ngn hc
sinh, gio vin v cch pht trin kh nng tim n trong h t thnh tch xut sc. Bo
ch, i truyn hnh ca ngi ti nh bc thy v vic hc v nh 1 thin ti. H cp n vic
ti gip nhiu hc sinh, c bit l nhng hc sinh ht thuc cha , tr thnh nhng
ngi khng nhng thnh cng trong vic hc m cn thnh cng trong cc lnh vc cuc sng
khc.
Xin tha vi cc bn, ngi cm thy bt ng nht v nhng iu k diu y chnh l bn
thn ti . Cch y khng lu, ti c bit ti nh 1 a tr tm thng, li bing, dt nt,
khng th lm c g. Vy th lm th no m 1 a tr tng b coi l n n gi y li
c ca ngi nh 1 thin ti ? Nhng ai bit ti by gi cng khng th no tin c trc
y, ti l 1 hc sinh km, lin tc thi trt v khng c tng lai. ng y cc bn, ti tng
l 1 hc sinh nh th. Ti khng cn bit bao nhiu ln bn b mng l ngu ngc , ht
thu c cha , khng lm c tr trng g , chm tin . Nhng bn i, hy tin i, cng
nh ti, bn c sc mnh, kh nng tim tng thay i mi th trong khong thi gi an ngn
v tr thnh mt ti nng thc th.
Trong quyn sch ny, ti s hng dn bn chi tit cc phng php t c k tch
. Cng xin nhc li rng, ti khng h hng dn bn con ng i n thnh cng t 1 v
tr ca mt ngi thng minh c sn v lun t kt qu tt. Ti hng dn bn t phng
din ca mt ngi tng b coi l dt nt, tng l 1 hc sinh km ci. Do , nu by gi bn
vn cn hc thua km bn b, ti hiu v hon ton chia s cm gic vi bn. n gin v ti
trong hon cnh ca bn, thm ch cn nhiu kh nng l ti cn t hn bn rt nhiu.
N GIN TI TNG L MT HC SINH KM
Ti tht bi trong vic hc ngay t nhng ngy u tin vo trng tiu hc. Khi cn nh,
ti rt ght c sch m ch thch tr chi in t, xem tivi. Hu qu l ti khng tp trung
trong lp hc, hc b ca ti y nhng trng v ng ng . iu ny ch khin ti thm ght
thy c v trng tiu hc thm. Mi vic ngy cng tr nn ti t. Trc nm lp 3, ti b
ui khi trng tiu hc St Stevens v hc km v quy ph, ri b chuyn sang trng tiu
hc Ngee Ann. , ti tip tc chi bi, b b vic hc. Nh mt iu tt yu, im thi tt
nghip tiu hc ca ti t n ni khng c nhn vo hc bt c trng no trong su
trng cp 2 m cha m ti chn cho ti, d ch l nhng trng trung bnh. Cui cng, ti


c tng vo trng cp 2 Ping Yi, mt trng nh mi m v hu nh chng c ngi quen
no ca ti nghe ni ti.

Mc d khng ai mong i ti s hc kh hn ti ngi trng mi ny, h cng khng ng
ti li tr t dc qu nhanh n ni, thy dy ton lp su ca ti tc gin gi in cho
cha m ti bit l do ti sao ti khng th gii ni mt bi ton lp bn. Lc by gi, vic
thi u mt mn hc vi im s ti thiu c ti xem nh mt thnh tch v i. Bi th,
im s ca ti c quanh qun t 5 tr xung. Trong tng cng hn 160 hc sinh cng kha,
ti nm trong s 10 hc sinh km nht.
Cha m ti c gi ti i hc thm rt nhiu ni trong s lo lng tt cng nhng cng
chng gip ch c g. Cui cng, cha m ti ngh ch cn cch cho ti i du hc mt nc
no m hc sinh t quyt tm hc thnh ti hn Sin ga pore. Ch nh th, ti mi c hi
vng vt qua c trung hc.
BC NGOT
Vo lc khng hong nht trong s nghip hc hnh ca ti, cha ti v tnh bit n kha
hc 5 ngy c bit, dy cho hc sinh cch hc hiu qu v lm ch cuc sng. Tin rng mnh
khng cn g mt ngoi tr vic phi b tin, cha m ti quyt nh cho ti tham gia kha
hc y, mt kha hc nghe ci tn chng c v g l ginh cho ti cht no : Thiu Nin Siu
ng (Su per TeenTM).
Th l vo mt bui sng ch nht nm 1987, ti c a ti khch sn La dy hill v
c thy Ernest Wong du dt. Lc , ti khong 13 tui, tham gia chng trnh vi nhng
hc sinh khc tui t 12 n 20. Hm , ti ht sc bun bc v ngh rng nm ngy chi
in t v xem tivii tha thu ca ti tiu tng. Th nhng, vo nhng ngy cui cng ca
kha hc, ti thay i hon ton. Nhng g ti c hc v tri nghim o ngc thi
, quan im ca ti v hc tp v cuc sng.
Kin thc m Ernest Wong truyn t trong sut kha hc to nn s bin i mnh m
trong tnh cch ca ti . Bng vic gip hc sinh p dng cc phng php hc tp tin tin
M nh Cch Hc Tng Tc ( Ac cel er at ed Learn ing), Lp Trnh Ngn Ng Tr Tu (Neu
ro-Lin guis tic Pro gram ing NLP) cng vi cc cch thc tm hiu, tn dng sc mnh phi
thng ca no b, Ernest gip ti hon ton thay i suy ngh ca mnh v kh nng bn
thn v nhng thnh cng trong cuc sng. Ernest ch cho chng ti thy rng, tt c mi
ngi, thm ch nhng hc sinh km nht, ai cng c ngun nng lc v tn tr thnh ti
nng sng chi hoc cc nh lng o ti ba. Chnh thi tiu cc, khng tin tng vo bn
thn dn n vic khng chu c gng l yu t duy nht cn tr chng ti vn ti thnh
cng.
Nhn thc c iu ny c nh hng ht sc to ln i vi ti. Ti tng tin rng mnh
km ci hn tt c bn b xung quanh v l s phn nh sn ca ti . Do , ti chp nhn
s phn , v tin rng cho d ti c c gng hc n c no cng khng th bng cc bn
khc. Vy chng c l do g ti phi c gng. Ti hon ton sai lm.

Sau khi hiu rng ti cng c kh nng thnh cng nh bt k ai khc, ti bt u
tin rng ti c th t c tt c nhng mc tiu m ti ra. Ti tin rng, nu nhng hc
sinh khc hc gii c, ti cng c th hc gii v thm ch l gii hn tt c h tr thnh
hc sinh xut sc nht. Nu nhng hc sinh khc c th c tuyn vo cc chng trnh nng
khiu c bit, ti cng c kh nng t c iu bng chnh quyt tm ca mnh. Lm th


no m kha hc Thiu Nin Siu ng li c nh hng vi ti n vy? n gin l v lc
ti ht lng tin tng vo tt c nhng g ti c hun luyn trong kha hc. Bn cng th,
nu bn khng tin rng bn c th lm c mt vic g cho d vic rt n gin v ai
cng lm c, bn cng khng bao gi lm c v bn chng bao gi bt tay vo lm ch
ng ni n c gng.
Ti kt thc kha hc vi nhng k nng hc hiu qu v mt nim tin mnh lit rng ti
c th ginh li quyn c thnh cng ca chnh mnh. Vng, mi ngi sinh ra u c quyn
bnh ng nh nhau, ti cng th, ti c quyn c thnh cng. Ln u tin trong i ti,
mt hc sinh gn nh km nht trng, t mc tiu t thnh tch xut sc trong hc tp ch
khng ch n thun l gii .
BT TAY VO HNH NG VI MC TIU PHA TRC
Sau khi hon tt chng trnh o to v nm c nhng phng php hc tin tin, ti
cm thy nh c tip thm ngun nng lng mi , cc k hng hi tin v tng lai. Lc
y, dng nh khng c vic g m ti ngh bn thn khng th lm c. Ti bt u xc nh
ba mc tiu khng t ng . Mc tiu th nht, ti phi ng u trng trong vng mt nm
(vng, t v tr mt hc sinh km nht trng). Mc tiu th hai, ti phi c nhn vo trng
trung hc chuyn Vic to ria (trng trung hc danh ting nhtSin ga pore). Mc tiu cui cng
ca ti l phi thi u trng i hc quc gia Sin ga pore (Nati nal Uni versi ty of Sin ga
pore NUS) Trng c xp hng trong 20 trng i hc hng u u th gii gn y.
Khng ch dng li , ti cn quyt tm tr thnh mt trong nhng sinh vin tt xut sc
nht. M c ny tht vin vng, ho huyn? Mi ngi tng ngh nh th, v ti chng
minh cho h thy h lm.

Ti bt tay vo hnh ng ngay khi tr v nh sau kha hc. Trc ht, ti t mnh dn ln
tng mt khu hiu ng vin tinh thn. Sau , ti p dng tt c cc k nng hc hiu qu
m ti c hun luyn, t vic ghi ch bi ging theo S T Duy (Mind Map ping) n
phng php c sch cc nhanh. Ti cng c th tr li cc cu hi ca thy c tht lu lot
vi y chi tit theo 1 b cc hon ho nh vo k nng nh siu phm m ti c hc.

D nhin s thay i ny ca ti lm mi ngi ht sc bt ng v t m. Khi thy c hi
nguyn do, ti p li l ti mun ng nht trng. Thy c nhn ti nh th y l 1 tng
ht sc in r. Ri khi bn b hi ti c nh hc u sau khi tt nghip cp 2, cu tr li
ca ti l Vic to ria v sau l i Hc Quc gia Sin ga pore. Bn bn ti b ln ra ci khi
nghe ti tr li. H ni: Tht l khng! Khng ai trong ti mnh c th t c iu ! Ch
c nhng siu sao nhng trng cp 2 hng u mi lm c m thi! Thay v cm
thy nn lng, xu h, ti cng cm thy quyt tm hn na khi nghe bn b mnh bnh lun
nh th. Ti phi chng minh rng mt hc sinh km ci t mt trng km ci c th t
c iu v thay i lch s.
GT HI THNH CNG
Trong vng 3 thng, im s ca ti tng t trung bnh ln kh. V ch trong nm 1987
ng nh, ti t mt hc sinh t nht trng vn ln thnh mt trong 18 hc sinh gii
nht.T , ti tip tc vn ln dn u trng (tnh v im trung bnh, ti lun dn u
trong 6 mn hc kh nht). Tt nghip cp 2, ti ot loi xut sc vi su im 10 v im
trung bnh tm phy. Ti c nhn vo trng tung hc chuyn Vic to ria mt cch d dng,


ngi trng m ti hng m c. Sau , ti lin tc t thnh tch xut sc trong hc tp v
ginh c mt sut hc trong trng i hc Quc gia Sin ga pore khoa Qun tr kinh doanh.
T nm nht i hc lin tc cho n khi tt nghip, ti lun vinh d xp hng trong danh
sch nhng sinh vin xut sc nht khoa hng nm. Ti cn c nhn vo hc theo chng
trnh Pht Trin Ti Nng ca trng (NUS Tal ent De vel op ment Pro gramme).
Ti t c tt c nhng thnh tch hc tp ny m vn cn thi gi an m cng ty kinh
doanh cng vi ngi bn t nm 15 tui (ch trong vng vn vn hai nm sau kha hc Thiu
Nin Siu ng). Cng ty Event Gu rus ca chng ti chuyn t chc cc bui hi hp hoc
cc s kin ln cho nhng cng ty khc hng vn tn ti n ngy nay v cc k thnh cng.
Bn cnh , ti cng dnh nhiu thi gi an lm Hun luyn vin cho chng trnh Thiu Nin
Siu ng gip hng ngn hc sinh khc nhn ra v pht trin ti nng tim n ca h.
NU TI C TH THNH CNG TH BN CNG C TH THNH CNG

Ti m u cun sch ny vi kinh nghim cuc sng bn thn khng phi khoe
khoang vi cc bn, m ti mun nhn mnh mt s tht rng: Nu mt ngi nh ti, tng
l mt hc sinh t nht trng, cng c th vn ln dn u mt trng i hc danh ting
trn th gii v c tuyn vo chng trnh dnh cho sinh vin ti nng, th ti tin rng bt c
ai cng c th lm c nh vy nu h nm c cc phng php hc tin tin nht.Bn ch
cn s khao kht xut pht t y lng c th hng ti nhng g bn mun, tin tng vo
bn thn v p dng cc phng php hiu qu i n thnh cng. y cng l ch chnh
ca quyn sch ny. Ti mun chia s vi cc bn tt c nhng g ti c hc bi v hnh
trnh tm hiu, khm ph kh nng tim n ca bn thn l mt hnh trnh th v nht ca mi
con ngi. Ti tng tri qua v ti tin nh th. Bn sn sng xy dng cho mnh mt
cuc sng mi phi thng cha? Bn chun b t bin mnh thnh mt ti nng sng chi
trc s bt ng, ngng m tt cng ca gia nh, thy c v bn b cha? Hy lt sang trang
k tip v khm ph.
CHNG HAI
QU TRNH HC TP HIU QU
HC NHANH HAY HC CHM CNG MT B NO, CH KHC NHAU
CCH HC
Sau khi nghe k v nhng cu chuyn thnh cng, nhiu hc sinh phn ng li rng h
khng bao gi thng minh hoc ti nng c th thnh cng nh vy. Trc ht, bn cn
phi hiu rng vic thiu nng lc bm sinh khng phi l l do khin mt ngi no khng
th tr thnh siu sao . Ngc li, cng khng phi v thng minh thin ph m cc siu
sao lun t thnh tch xut sc. Tht ra, chnh phng php hc hiu qu mi l b quyt
c a cc siu sao .

Bn v cc hc sinh trn khp th gii v c bn u c 1 b no v h thn kinh ging
nhau, cha ng nhng kh nng phi thng, tim n. (Chng ta s tm hiu thm v vn
ny Chng 5: Bn S Hu B No Ca Mt Thin Ti). Vy ti sao, trong khi mt s hc
sinh c th hc v tr li cc cu hi hc ba mt cch nh nhng, th nhng hc sinh khc c
i c li mt trang sch bn ln m vn khng hiu hoc khng nh ni nhng g mnh va
c? L do l hc sinh tip thu nhanh bng cch ny hay cch kh, vi nhng phng php


thch hp, tn dng c nhiu hn kh nng phi thng ca b no, trong khi cc hc sinh
khc li khng lm c iu ny. H tm ra c b quyt hc cch hc hiu qu .
R rng, thnh cng c b quyt ring ca n. Bng vic tm hiu v lm theo cc phng
php m cc siu sao p dng, bt k ai, k c bn cng t c nhng thnh tch nh
h.Bn cng c th ghi nh thng tin mt cch d dng gii quyt cc vn phc tp.
NU NGI KHC THNH CNG, TI CNG S THNH CNG. VN CH
L PHNG PHP
PHNG PHP KHC NHAU MANG LI HIU QU KHC NHAU
Xin php c hi bn 1 cu. Khi no bn bt u n bi cho k thi cui k hoc cui nm?
Thm 1 cu hi na. Bn n bng cch no? Hy k chi tit tng bc trong cch n thi ca
bn.
Cu hi trn c t ra cho hng ngn hc sinh v bn bit khng? Tht th v l c
hng ngn cu tr li khc nhau. chnh l l do ti sao mi hc sinh khc nhau t kt qu
khc nhau. R rng, khc nhau v phng php to ra s khc nhau trong kt qu.
C n 90% hc sinh sinh vin tr li rng h bt u hc tht s vo khong t 1 n 3
thng trc khi thi. V thng trong qu trnh hc, h ch thc hin t 1 n nm bc sau y
ty mi ngi .
V d: Mt hc sinh hc vi ch
1. Hai bc: hc xem qua sch v cc ghi ch (bc 1), ri i thi (bc 2). Nhng hc sinh
ny lun nm trong ranh gii gia u v trt. Hoc l thi trt hoc l h u ngng thp
nht.
2. Ba bc: H xem qua sch v cc ghi ch (bc 1), c gng nh bi (bc 2) ri i thi
(bc 3). Nhng hc sinh ny thng t kt qu trung bnh.
3. Bn bc: H xem qua sch v cc ghi ch (bc 1), c gng nh bi (bc 2), lm bi
tp thc hnh (bc 3) ri i thi (bc 4). Nhng hc sinh ny thng t kt qu kh hoc
thnh thong gii.
Vy lm th no m bo mt kt qu xut sc? Trn thc t, cc siu sao thc hin
tng cng chn bc hc lun ginh c kt qu cao nht trong mi k thi. Thm vo ,
hc bt u hc tht s t ngy u tin khai ging ch khng phi i n mt hoc 3 thng
trc k thi, ng th! Bt u hc t ngy u tin khai ging.
CHN BC HC HIU QU
Vng, bn c tin khng, thnh cng, bn phi hc t ngy u tin khai ging kha hc,
v bn phi thng tho chn bc ca phng php hc hiu qu. Chng ta s bt u tm hiu
su tng bc.
Bc 1: Xc nh Mc Tiu R Rng
Nhiu hc sinh ngh rng bc u tin l phi nghe ging, c sch v ghi ch. Khng
phi vy, vic u tin m bn phi lm l xc nh mc tiu c th bn mun t kt qu nh
th no trong kha hc ny. V d: Bn mun t bao nhiu im 10?

Xc nh mc tiu rt quan trng v n quyt nh phng php hc ca bn v do ,
quyt nh kt qu hc tp ca bn. Nu bn xc nh mc tiu t loi xut sc trong mn
ton, bn c hc vi quyt tm khc hn vi khi bn ch mun t li trung bnh khng? D
nhin l khc hn! Mt khi bn quyt tm t thnh tch xut sc, no b ca bn nhn thc
rng n khng th phm mt sai lm nh no. Vic ny c kh nng khin bn hc k tng chi
tit trong mn hc. Kt qu l bn c th t 10 im hoc nu khng, bn cng s t 9 im
l thp nht.


Tuy nhin, nu bn xc nh mc tiu t loi trung bnh, no b ca bn bit rng, n
c php mt phn na s im. Vic ny c kh nng khin bn khng bn tm hc tt c
mi chi tit v b qua nhng phn bn khng hiu r hoc khng thch hc. Cui cng, bn b
qua phn na kin thc trong mn hc. Hu qu l bn ch t kt qu di trung bnh, hoc
thm ch c th trt.
T hn c l bn khng xc nh c mc tin no, b no ca bn s t xc nh mc
tiu thnh thi nht chnh l s im ti thiu m bn cn c vt qua k thi. iu
d dng dn n vic bn thi trt. Tht kinh khng lm sao!
Bn s hc thm v vn n ny chng 12: Dm c M.
Bc 2: Ln k hoch c th v sp xp thi gi an

Bn s khng bao gi t c nhng mc tiu to ln m bn ra nu khng bit cch
ln k hoch c th v sp xp thi gi an hc hp l. Trong chng 15: Thi Gi an L Tin
Bc, bn s c hc cch ln k hoch hon ho t mc tiu v phng php qun l thi
gi an hiu qu nht.
Bc 3: Hnh ng Kin nh

Ai cng c th xc nh c nhng mc tiu to ln v ra nhng k hoch hon ho.
Tuy nhin, ch c nhng hc sinh tht s hnh ng kin nh tng ngy mi t c kt qu
xut sc. chnh l kh nng kin tr c sch, ghi ch v n bi mi ngy.
Hu ht cc hc sinh thng cm thy li bing hoc mun tr hon vic hc. Tht ng
tic nu bn l mt trong nhng hc sinh ny. Nu bn c tip tc nh vy, k thi s n trc
khi bn kp nhn ra l qu mun.
Bn s c hc cch lm th no c th lun hnh ng kin nh v hiu qu trong
Chng 13: ng Lc Mnh M - Vt Qua S Li Bing, Chng 14: Cng Thc t
im Tuyt i v Chng 16: To Quyt Tm Mnh M Tc Th .
Bn bc tip theo l nhng bc o dng cc phng php Hc Siu ng m bn s
c tm hiu k hn trong Phn 2.
Bc 4: Phng php c nm bt thng tin

Phng php hc siu ng u tin l bn phi bit c sch v ti liu mt cch hiu qu.
Xin lu rng : khng phi t no trong sch cng quan trng v cng cha ng thng tin
m bn tht s cn hc. Bn phi bit lc ra nhng t cung cp thng tin chnh (cn gi l t
kha). Bn s c hc phng php ny Chng 6: Phng Php c Nm Bt Thng
Tin.
Bc 5: S T Duy (Mind Map ping)
Sau khi nm bt thng tin t cc t kha, bn phi bit cch ghi ch bng S T Duy.
S ny s gip bn sp xp li thng tin nhanh chng v tn dng sc mnh phi thng ca
no b m bn cha tng c khm ph. Chng 7: S T Duy (Mind Mapping): Cng
C Ghi Ch Ti u s ni r hn v vn ny.
Bc 6: Tr Nh Siu ng



Phng php hc siu ng tip theo l s dng k nng Tr Nh Siu ng tip thu
thng tin d dng. Hin nay, nhiu h thng gio dc ang chuyn dn sang vic hc ch trng
vo t duy v phn tch hn l n thun hc thuc lng. Tuy nhin, cng xin nhn mnh rng
bn ch c th phn tch vn tt khi bn tip thu v nh c nhng thng tin ct li . Bn
s c hc cc k thut ghi nh Chng 8, 9 v 10.
Bc 7: Ngh thut ng dng l thuyt v thc hnh
Nu bn thuc nm lng cc bi hc nhng li khng bit cch p dng kin thc tr li
cu hi trong k thi, bn cng khng th no t im 10. chng 11, chng ta s cng khm
ph cc phng php p dng kin thc c hc, cng nh nhng k nng phn tch v gii
quyt cu hi .
Bc 8: Tng tc cho k thi
Bc tip theo ca phng php Hc Siu ng l bit cch chun b cho k thi. Bn nn
bt u tng tc hc vo khong 2 thng trc k thi. Bc ny s c khm ph Chng
17: Tng Tc V ch.
Bc 9: i Thi
i thi l bc cui cng nhng quan trng nht. Xin nhn mnh rng: thi cng l mt
Tr chi c bit . Trong Chng 18: Chin Thng V Vinh Quang, bn s c tm hiu
v nhng b quyt m bo thng li trong tr chi ny v t c vinh quang sau tt c
nhng n lc.
NHNG G ANG HN CH BN V BN THT S MONG MUN IU G?
Trc khi c chng k tip, bn phi hnh dung r rng nhng g bn mun t c sau
khi c xong quyn sch ny. Mt khi bn c khi nim c th v nhng iu , bn s
ch tm c sch vi mc ch nht nh. iu ny khin tm tr bn lun kim li gii p
cho nhng thc mc ca bn trong lc c sch t c mc ch m bn ra.
u tin, khm ph nhng g bn mun l bn phi tm ra nhng g bn ang hn ch
kh nng ca bn. Ti sao bn c mi quanh qun vi Trng v ng ng ? Ti sao bn c
gng nhiu m vn ch l mt hc sinh trung bnh? Ti sao bn khng th t nhiu im 10
hn na? Cho d bn ang bt k th hng no t km nht cho n gii nht lp, nht
trng, chc chn l s lun cthi quen xu, hoc nhng phng phphc thiu hiu qu m
bn mong mun thay i c th t thnh tch cao hn.
V by gi, trc khi c tip, bn hy lit k tt c nhng l do m bn ngh l cn tr bn
i n thnh cng.
MT KHM PH TH V
Nhiu hc sinh bin h rng c rt nhiu kh khn khin hc gp tht bi trong vic hc.
V h ngh nhng hc sinh gii khng bao gi gp phi nhng vn nh th. Mt kt qu
nghin cu cho thy, hu ht tt c hc sinh, sinh vin cc nc trn th gii u c chung
16 vn kh khn ph bin sau y. Bn khng phi l ngi duy nht.
16 VN KH KHN THNG GP CA TT C HC SINH TRN TH GII
Tr nh km
Thch tr hon cng vic
Li bing
Nghin tr chi in t, xem tive, In ter net
Gp kh khn trong vic hiu bi ging
D dng b xao nhng
Kh nng tp trung ngn hn


M mng trong lp
S thi c
Hay phm li do bt cn
Chu p lc t gia nh
C qu nhiu th hc v c t thi gi an
Khng c ng lc hc
D dng b cuc
Thy c dy khng li cun
Khng c hng th i vi mn hc
ng lo v bn cn qu nhiu vn kh khn trong vic hc, ti tng c nhiu vn
hn bt k mt hc sinh no khc. iu quan trng l by gi bn hiu r nhng vn kh
khn , bn s bit phi lm g khc phc chng sau khi c xong quyn sch ny, bn hy
lit k nhng k nng hoc nng lc m bn cn c khc phc nhng kh khn bn vit ra
lc ny.
Khi bn c sch ny v tm hiu cc phng php hc c hng dn, bn hy:

Mt ln na xin c nhn mnh rng: Trc khi c xong chng cui cng, bn s s
hu tt c nhng k nng v nng lc cn thit thnh cng, khng nhng trong hc tp m
cn c trong cuc sng, v bn s mi mi c gii phng khi nhng hn ch m bn t
ghn cho mnh hoc b ngi khc ghn cho bn. Tuy nhin, trc khi chng ta bt u hnh
trnh khm ph y th v, bn phi t hi mnh rng.
CHNG BA
BN SN SNG I N THNH CNG CHA?
CCH SUY NGH CA NGI THNH CNG V CA K THT BI
Trc khi tm hiu v phng php hc hiu qu ca cc hc sinh gii, bn cn t hi
mnh rng bn sn sng i n thnh cng cha. Bn c th nhanh chng p li rng D
nhin l ti sn sng thnh cng. Ai m chng mun thnh cng! .

Tht khng may (hoc tht may mn), iu bn ni l hon ton sai. Mc d hng ngn hc
sinh c quyn sch ny v tham gia vo cc kha o to, khng phi ai cng c th thay
i thnh cng.
L do tht bi bt u t cch suy ngh ca bn. Nu nh bn c nhng suy ngh sai lm,
(V d nh: khng mt b quyt no c th gip bn thnh cng), bn chc chn s khng bao
gi thnh cng. Trc khi tip tc c, bn phi hiu v nhn ra c cch suy ngh ng n.
Ch c nh vy, quyn sch ny mi mang li nhng li ch ht sc to ln cho bn.
C 2 cch suy ngh khc bit nhau. Bn c th c cch suy ngh ca ngi thnh cng hoc
ca k tht bi. ng tic l ch c 5% hc sinh c cch suy ngh ca ngi thnh cng, v
95% s hc sinh cn li lun c suy ngh ca k tht bi. S khc bit nm ch no? V lm
th no bn c c t duy ca ngi thnh cng?
BN C THT S MUN THNH CNG KHNG?
Ngi thnh cng lun hnh ng vi t tng rng h MUN thnh cng trong nhng
vic h lm. H MUN t im 10 v h MUN t thnh tch cao. Ngc li, k tht bi


lun lm vic theo cch suy ngh rng hc THCH C thng cng hoc AO C mnh s
thnh cng. Mt s khc nhau r rng.
Khi bn MUN thnh cng, iu c ngha rng thnh cng l 1 vic bn phi t c.
Bn khng chp nhn nhng g thp hn nh ngh thnh cng ca bn. Nu bn khng t
c thnh tch cao nh bn mun, bn s lm bt c vic g vn ti thnh cng (trong
gii hn o c). iu ny c ngha l g? C ngh l nu bn phi hc 10 ting 1 ngy, bn
s hc 10 ting 1 ngy. C ngha l bn phi hon ton thay i cch hc ca bn, bn s thay
i. C ngha l nu bn phi t b th vui tr chi in t yu thch ca bn, bn s t b.
Bn s lm tt c nhng g cn lm t im 10 m bn mun. Thc t chng minh rng
khi bn dn tm huyt t c 1 iu g , chc chn bn s t c n. Mt s hc sinh
thng hi ti rng ti c ngh h s tr thnh hc sinh xut sc hay khng. Cu tr li ca ti
l: Vn khng phi l bn c th tr thnh hc sinh xut sc hay khng. Vn ch bn
c sn sng lm bt c vic g tr thnh h c sinh xut sc hay khng. Nhng hc sinh
lun c t tng ct lc v mc tiu nh vy s hc c nhiu iu t quyn sch ny v gt
hi c thnh qu m h mun, thm ch cn hn c mong mun.

Tic thay, vn cn rt nhiu hc sinh KHNG MUN thnh cng. n gin l hc ch
THCH C thnh cng hoc h ngh rng h NN thnh cng. Vi nhng hc sinh ny,
vic t 10 im v tuyn vo cc trng i hc danh ting s rt tuyt vi. Nhng vic ny
khng phi vic bt buc phi t c i vi h. Ni cch khc, h khng bn tm v vic
khng t c nhng iu . Hu nh hc khng h c cht tm huyt hoc n lc no
trong nhng c m. Kt qu l h khng sn lng lm nhng vic cn thit bin c m
thnh hin thc. H ch sn sng lm nhng vic khng qu kh khn, khng qu nhiu, hoc
khi tm l thoi mi. H khng quyt tm hc bi vo ngy cui tun hoc khng mun thay
i cch hc ca h. H chn ch trong vic lm theo cc hng dn trong quyn sch ny.
H cm thy nhng vic ny tht rc ri. y l nhng hc sinh sau khi c xong quyn sch
ny vn tip tc t kt qu nh c, hoc t hn v h tin rng hc ht thuc cha .
Vi vai tr l 1 ngi bn v mt ngi t vn, ti ku gi bn hy c quyn sch ny vi
t tng ca 1 ngi thnh cng. Ti tin rng bn s t c nhng iu k diu nhng bn
phi bin nhng iu thnh iu kin bt buc bn thn bn phi t c. Bn phi sn
sng lm bt c vic g thnh cng cho d vic c khng thoi mi v vt v n u
chng na.
NGI THNH CNG LM CH CUC SNG TRONG KHI K THT BI TH
KHNG
Mt c im na trong cch suy ngh ca ngi thnh cng l h lm ch cuc sng trong
khi k tht bn th nguc li.
Ngi thnh cng lun chu trch nhim cho bt c chuyn g xy ra trong cuc sng ca
h. H tin rng cho d chuyn g xy ra i chng na, h l 1 phn nguyn nhn gy ra n. V
d, nu h thi trt, l li ti h. Nu cha m khng tin tng h, l li ti h. Nu h
phi vo lp hc t hi nht, l li ti h. Nu h tr thnh hc sinh xut sc, cng l
nh vo n lc ca h. Nhn lnh trch nhim v bn thn c mt sc mnh tim n v cng
to ln. Ti sao vy? Bi v nu bn tin rng bn l nguyn do ca mi chuyn, bn s c kh
nng thay i v ci thin mi chuyn. Ni 1 cch n gin, bn lm ch cuc sng ca chnh
bn. hc hi c nhiu iu t quyn sch ny, bn phi c nim tin lm ch cuc sng
ca ngi thnh cng. Bn phi tin rng nu bn thay i hnh ng ca bn v p dng cc
phng php c hc, bn s nm tri v ngt thnh cng.


Mt ln na, quyn sch ny s chng mang li li ch g cho nhng hc sinh c t tng
ca k tht bi. Nhng k tht bn s khng bao gi chu trch nhim cho nhng g xy ra
trong cuc sng ca h. Thay vo , h lun t bin h, li cho ngi khc hoc t la di
mnh. Nu hc ang tut dc mt cch thm hi trong trng hc, h s bin h l Mnh
v nh m 1 lp t hi , Mnh khng c thi gi an , Mnh vn sinh ra li bing
r i , Mnh b m sinh c tr nh km , Mn hc ny khng h p dn , Ba m mnh cng
u c h c gii .
Nhng k tht bi lc no cng c khuynh hng li cho mi ngi tr bn thn h.
H tha thy c ging bi nhm chn, tha k thi qu kh, tha bn b lm h sao
nhng vic hc, tha cha m sut ngy cn nhn h. T hi hn c, mt s hc sinh cn t
la di bn thn rng mi vic cng khng n ni qu t, rng mn ton ca h cng khng t
n th, rng thc cht hc hc hnh rt chm ch, trong khi t y lng, h bit rng nhng
iu khng phi l s tht.
Nu bn c tm li bin h, li cho ngi khc hoc t la di bn thn, quyn sch ny
cng tr nn v dng i vi bn. Ti sao? Bi v nh vy, bn khng lm ch c cuc sng
ca bn. Nhng ngi v nhng vic xung quanh bn l nguyn nhn khin bn tht bi. Suy
ngh khin bn tr thnh 1 nn nhn bt lc khng th thay i c cuc sng. i tn
nhn v b t cng l cu ni ca ming ca nhng k tht bi. Do , tt c nhng phng
php v k nng trong quyn sch ny khng th gip bn thnh cng nu bn chn lm k
tht bi.
T MNH LM CH V BT TAY VO HNH NG
Tm tt li chng ny, bn phi suy ngh nh ngi thnh cng nu bn mun hc hi
c nhiu iu t quyn sch ny. Bn phi MUN thnh cng trong hc tp. Bn phi lm
bt c vic g cn thit thnh cng. Vi lng quyt tm mnh lit, bn s t nhng im 10
chi. Tip theo, bn phi hon ton chu trch nhim cho nhng kt qu xu v tt m bn
nhn c trong cuc sng ngay t by gi. T nay tr i, khng bao gi bn t bin h cho
bn thn v khng bao gi li cho ngi khc na.

Nhn thc rng bn l ngi quyt nh, bng cch thay i phng php lm
vic v hnh ng, bn s thay i cuc sng. Hy sn sng bt u cuc hnh trnh bng
vic tm hiu v mt trong nhng nhn t thit yu nhn ca thnh cng nim tin ca bn.
CHNG 4
TI T TIN, TI C TH BAY CAO V TI LM C
H THNH CNG V TIN VO KH NNG CA MNH

Nhiu ngi thc mc ti hc g m sao kt qu hc tp v cuc sng ca ti li thay
i bt ng n vy. Tht ra, nhng phng php, k nng m ti c hc ch gip ti t
nhng im 10, chnh s thay i nim tin trong ti mi l yu t nh hng ti mnh m
nht. Trong qu kh, ti tng tin rng mnh l mt hc sinh n n, ti tng tin rng vic hc
ht sc nhm chn kh khn, rng cho d ti c gng hc chm ch n mc no, ti cng
khng bao gi tr thnh mt hc sinh kh, cn xut sc l iu khng tng. Vy m, cuc
sng ca ti thay i hon ton t khi ti c nim tin mi rng "ti l mt thin ti", cng


nh "vic hc rt th v nh nhng". Bn cng s thay i c nh vy ! Trc khi bn t
ton im 10, bn phi tin bn lm c vic y, cng nh tin n rt th v nh nhng. Tt c
u xut pht t nim tin ca chnh bn.

Nhiu hc sinh b vng vo ci by vng xoy tht bi ny. H c lin tc tht bi bi v
h ngh h s tht bi, v khi h tht bi cng nhiu, h cng ngh h s tip tc tht bi. Kt
qu l, tht bi eo ui h sut cuc i.
Nu bn ang vng vo vng xoy tht bi, hy ph v n v t gii thot bn. thot
khi n, thay i nim tin l vic u tin bn phi lm (ti s chia s thm vi bn v iu
ny trong cc phn sp ti). Thay i nim tin cng khin mi th khc thay i. Vy th, hy
bt u tin rng bn l mt hc sinh xut sc, hy tin rng vic hc rt d dng th v, hy tin
rng bn c th t im 10 mt cch nh nhng. Mt khi bn tin nh vy, bn s t ng thay
i hnh ng ca bn. Bn s hnh ng nh nhng hc sinh xut sc. Nu bn khng bit
phi bt u hnh ng t u, hy c tht k v lm theo nhng phng php c hng
dn trong quyn sch ny.
NIM TIN CA BN CH NG VI MNH BN
Khi ti khuyn mi ngi nn thay i nim tin ca h, h thng tr li ti rng "anh c
in khng ? Anh ni ti thay i nim tin ca ti l g ? Lm sao ti thay i c nim tin
ca ti ? Nim tin ca ti hon ton ng, ng l ti tht s n n v hay qun c m, vic
hc tht s nhm chn c m, ti khng th thay i iu ".
Bn phi nh rng nim tin ca bn khng bao gi l tuyt i c. Nim tin ca mt ngi
ch ng vi ch nhn ca n. R rng nim tin khng l g khc hn mt kin ch quan.
Cho d bn ht mc tin vo iu g i chng na, s lun c ngi khc tin vo iu hon ton
tri ngc vi nim tin ca bn. Xin tha vi bn, nu c nhng ngi lun tin rng ton hc
ht sc kh khan, t nht, th cng c rt nhiu ngi khc cho rng ton hc rt th v y
mu sc. Tm li, nim tin khng bao gi l s tht tuyt i v n ch n gin l sn phm
ca chnh bn.
S khc bit gia ngi thnh cng v k tht bi nm "sn phm nim tin" ca h. Bi
th, thay v nghi ng mt nim tin no c tht s ng hay khng, bn phi t hi liu nim
tin c truyn thm nng lc cho bn i n thnh cng hay khng. Nu n lm bn cm
thy mnh m hn vn ti thnh cng, hy chp nhn nim tin , ngc li, nu n hn
ch nng lc bn, bn cn phi t b n.
NIM TIN CA BN XUT PHT T U ?

Vn phc tp ch l a s mi ngi khng bit ch ng la chn nim tin ca
mnh. Nu bn lm c iu , bn c th trang b cho bn thn nhng nim tin tch cc.
Thay vo , chng ta tha hng mt cch th ng tt c cc loi nim tin (trong s c
rt nhiu nim tin ti t) t cha m, bn b, thy c v kinh nghim trong qu kh. i khi,
nhng ngi thn quen ca chng ta, d khng c , truyn t cho chng ta nhng nim tin
ht sc tiu cc, v tnh hy hoi cuc sng ca chng ta. Tin s Geo ri gi Lozanov, ngi
khm ph ra phng php hc tng tc, khng nh rng: chng ta khi sinh ra u l nhng
thin ti, nhng trong qu trnh ln ln, chng ta lm mt kh nng thin ph ca mnh t vic
lng nghe kin tiu cc ca ngi khc. V d nh cha m, bn b hoc thy c ni rng
chng ta "li bing", "v dng", "ngu ngc", "km ci", v.v sau mt thi gi an phi lin tc


nghe nhng iu ny, chng ta dn dn bt u tin vo chng, dn n vic sng mt cuc
sng vi v s nim tin tiu cc.
Qua nm thng, nhng nim tin tiu cc y bin thnh "s tht" v chng ta khng bao gi
nghi ng nhng "s tht" .
CHUYN NY XY RA VI BN CHA ?
Nim tin cng c th hnh thnh t vic chng ta t to ra quan nim sai lm sau khi tri
qua nhng knh nghim trong qu kh.
Bn c th b im km trong ln u tin thi ton. Chng may, khi bn tip tc b im
km mt ton thm vi ln na, bn s bt u hnh thnh nim tin l "ti hc km mn ton".
Sau , nu bn c tip tc kh kh m ly nim tin tiu cc ny vo bn thn, bn s lp li
tht bi ny, ri tht bi li cng c nim tin ca bn t ln ny sang ln khc cho n khi nim
tin ca bn tr thnh "s tht" i vi bn.
Vn nm ch l bn c th khng h dt ton mt cht no, nguyn nhn c th l do
nhng khi nim, nh ngha ton hc khng c gii thch cho bn mt cch thch hp
hoc c th bn p dng sai cch gii hoc hiu sai cu hi trong bi thi.Tt c chng ta, ai
cng c th phm sai lm trong hin ti v tng lai. Tuy nhin, vic p dng sai phng php
gii ton mt vi ln v vic tin rng bn vn rt km mn ton li l hai vic hon ton khc
nhau.
Khi bn t ni vi bn thn rng bn dng sai phng php, bn s khng cm thy t
hi v bt lc. L do l v iu ng ngha vi vic bn c th t kt qu tt hn ln sau
khi bn hc ton vi phng php ph hp hn. Ngc li, nu bn t nh rng "mnh t hi
trong mn ton", bn s cm thy hon ton bt lc. Kt qu l bn s khng bao gi bit rng
tht s tn ti nhng phng php ph hp hn "chinh phc" mn ton.

BN KHNG CH L NHNG "NHN DN"
Trong sut cuc i, chng ta khng ngng ng ha tt c mi vic m ch da trn mt
vi kinh nghim bn thn. c bit hn, chng ta lun t kt lun v chnh con ngi mnh
mt cch thiu cn c ri tin tng tuyt i vo iu . Kt cc, chng ta t nm mnh ri
vo vng xoy tht bi.
Qua thi gi an, chng ta thu thp v dn rt nhiu loi nhn ln bn thn mnh i loi nh
"ti rt li bing", "ti v trch nhim", "ti hay qun" hay "ti v rt t". Bn cnh nhng
loi nhn chng ta t dn ln mnh, cn c cc loi nhn khc do nhng ngi xung quanh nh
cha m, thy c, bn b, dn ln chng ta.
Dn dn, chng ta qun rng nhng loi nhn ny ch l s ng ha thiu cn c, l
nhng nim tin khng ng s tht. Chng ta qu quen vi cc nhn dn ny n mc
coi chng l mt thc t, mt s tht hin nhin trong cuc sng. Cht lng cuc sng hin
ti ca bn chnh l kt qu trc tip ca nhng loi nhn bn t dn hoc do ngi khc dn
ln cho bn.
BI HC T CUC SNG
Ti b dn nhn "dt ton" nh th no ?
sin ga pore, nhiu bc cha m tp cho con lm quen vi bng cu chng trc khi
chng v tiu hc, vic ny s gip bn tr tin b nhanh hn cc bn cng lp. Bi th, cha
m ti cng c gng dy ti hc thuc lng bng cu chng lc ti sau tui. Nhng ti khng
th no hiu c nh ngha php tnh nhn v cha m ti khng dy ng cch. Kt qu l
ti khng th lm php tnh nhn. Cha m ti cc k nn ch v dn cho ti ci nhn "n
n". H hi ti: "Ti sao con khng th hc thuc lng nh my anh h con?".


M ti cng lm ti mt t tin hn khi b dn cho ti ci nhn "Tha hng gen di truyn
dt ton" t b. (m ti cng thi trt mn ton nhiu ln khi cn i hc). Cui cng, ti cng
c hc php tnh nhn trng tiu hc nh thy ti v d mnh ha php tnh "23"
bng hai hp giy v mi hp cha 3 bng hoa. Tht ng tic l lc , s t tin v nim tin
vo kh nng ton hc ca ti b ph hy hon ton. Chng bao lu, ti bt u cho rng
mn ton i km vi s nn ch, tht bi. Ti cm ght mn ton. V th, ti lun ngi m
mng khng thm tp trung trong lp hc, thm ch khng thm lm bi tp v nh. Khng cn
ni g th ai cng c th on c, ti lin tc thi trt mn ton. ng th, ti tht bi thm
hi trong mn ton ch v ti b dn ci nhn "dt ton" to ng v phi mang ci nhn y trn
ngi nhiu nm tri cho n nm lp 6.
Th ri, mt vic xy ra lm thay i nim tin v cuc sng ca ti mi mi. Mi ngi
vic khi ngun khi ti bt u vo cp hai v hc mn ton trung cp. Mi ngi u ni hc
mn ny rt kh, kh hn nhiu so vi mn ton s cp. Tnh c sao m vo bui ti trc bi
hc u tin v phng trnh ton hc, ti dnh thi gi an c ht chng sch v ti y
trong quyn sch gio khoa va mi mua. Khng mt ngi bn no trong lp ti bn tm n
vic c sch trc khi n lp nh vy.
Ngy hm sau, khi thy ton dy c lp v ch mi ny, ai cng cm thy kh hiu. V
ti tnh c c trc ng chng sch ny, ti cm thy hiu bi nhiu hn mc d vn cha
hiu ht hon ton. Khi thy ra mt ton kh, khng ai trong lp ti gii c. Ch c ti l
ngi duy nht a ra li gii chnh xc vi lp lun r rng. trng cp hai mi ny, bn b
xung quanh khng ai bit ti c ci nhn "dt ton". Tt c mi ngi nhn ti sng s sau khi
ti gii xong bi ton . Lp tc nhng li bn tn xn xao trm tr r ln "bn y tht thng
minh", "bn y ng l c nng khiu ton", thm ch "bn y l mt thin ti ton hc". L do
ca vic ti bt ng ta sng nh mt ti nng ton hc ch n gin l v ti chu kh c sch
trc .
Cm gic tht d chu lm sao khin cho ti c thm ng lc c sch trc khi nghe
ging, v bc vo lp trong t th ca mt "thin ti". Bn b ch ng nh ti hng dn
bi tp v nh, ti lin tc c thy c khen ngi. Mi ngi bt u dn nhn mi cho ti l
"thin ti ton hc". Th ri dn dn, ti bt u t mnh g b ci nhn "dt ton" v dn cho
ti ci nhn "thin ti ton hc". Chnh v l , ti i hi bn thn phi l mt "thin ti ton
hc" tht th. Ton b nim tin ca ti thay i. Ti bt u hc ton sing nng duy tr
hnh tng mi ny v t im 10 lin tip. T mt k th "khng i tri chung", ton hc
bng tr thnh ngi bn thn vi ti, thay v kh khan nhm chn, ton hc mang li cho ti
nim vui v s ngng m ca bn b. Vi ci nhn mi y, ti thot khi vng xoy tht
bi. Trong nhng nm sau , ti t im 10 cho tt c cc k thi ton cui nm, tin xa v
chuyn ngnh ton khi ln trung hc. trung hc, ti li tip tc t thnh tch xut sc trong
cc mn ton cao cp v ton nng cao.
NIM TIN C SC MNH PHI THNG
Bn va hiu ra rng nim tin ca bn c kh nng to ra s khc bit ln lao nh th no
trong cuc sng ca bn.
Nu bn tin rng trng hc rt nht nho, bn s cm thy n t nht v t kt qu trung
bnh hoc km, nu bn tin rng vic hc rt th v, bn s cm thy n th v v t kt qu
tt hn. Nu bn tin rng ting anh l mt ngn ng kh hc nht th gii, bn s khng bao
gi thnh tho ting anh.
Bn hy nh rng nim tin ca chng ta khng bao gi chnh xc tuyt i, nim tin ch
n thun l cc kin v khi nim ng ha ca chng ta. Nhng nu chng ta tin vo n,


nim tin s bin thnh s tht. Nim tin c sc mnh phi thng n ni n tht s nh hng
n chng ta khng nhng v mt t duy tr tu, m cn v mt vt cht, thm ch c th bin
i mt s c ch sinh hc trong ngi chng ta.
T nhng nm 1940, cc bc s khm ph ra rng khi bn ung thuc v khi bnh, tht
ra thnh phn thuc trong thuc khng phi l nguyn nhn duy nht gip bn khi bnh, nim
tin trong chnh bn thn bn cng ng gp mt phn rt ln vo vic cha bnh cho bn. y
gi l tc dng lm trn an tinh thn ca thuc thng qua nim tin. Lch s y hc ghi li rng,
cc bc s tng a ra cho cc bnh nhn ung th ly nc ng v ni vi h y l mt loi
thuc mi rt hiu qu trong vic lm tan khi u trong ngi h. Khi u tht s gim dn v
ngi bnh dn dn hi phc. Thn dc cha bnh cho h chnh l nim tin ca h. Sau y
l mt cu chuyn ng kinh ngc khc m nhiu ngi trong chng ta c nghe ni ti.
BI HC T CUC SNG
Chy mt dm trong vng t hn bn pht
tng c mt nim tin sai lm trong hng ngn nm l con ngi khng th no chy ht
mt dm (xp x 1.6 km) trong vng t hn bn pht. Nhiu ngi hnh thnh v tin tng
vo kt lun ny ch v trc , mt s ngi th sc u tht bi.

Mt s nh khoa hc cng c thm nim tin ny bng vic a ra cc bng chng trong
nghin cu c th hc rng, con ngi khng c th cht chy ht mt dm trong vng t
hn bn pht. Sau , vo nm 1954, mt ngi n ng rt bnh thng tn l Roger Ban nis
ter ph nhn nh kin ny v tin rng vic ny c th thc hin c. Sau khi tri nghim qua
nhiu cuc rn luyn th cht, tinh thn, ng chin thng c "cuc chin" tng chng
nh cm chc tht bi ny. Tuy nhin y khng phi l yu t ng kinh ngc ti mun ni
ti.
Cu chuyn ng ch ch l trong hng ngn nm trc khi Roger Ban nis ter t
thnh cng, khng h c mt ai c th lm vic y. Vy m, ch trong vng mt nm sau khi
Ban nis ter ph k lc, c thm 37 ngi khc cng t k lc tng t. Cng ngc nhin hn,
trong nm tip theo, con s y tng ln gp 10 ln, 300 ngi khc tip tc thnh cng. Phi
chng trong vng hai nm ngn ngi, nhn loi sn sinh ra hng trm vn ng vin ti
nng hn bt c vn ng vin no khc trong sut nhiu ngn nm trc ? D nhin l
khng!
Ti sao vy? bi v thnh cng ca Ban nis er ph v nim tin hn ch ca con ngi
rng vic khng th thc hin c. Vi nim tin mi rng vic c th lm c, hng
trm hng ngn ngi thc hin c iu m khng bit bao nhiu th h con ngi qua
hng ngn nm trc tht bi.
Trang b cho bn nhng nim tin hu ch
Nu vic itn tng vo mt iu g , d xu hay tt, c th bin n thnh s tht, vy th
ti sao bn khng y li vo qu kh tt c nhng nim tin nguy hi v ang gii hn kh
nng ca bn, thay vo l bn t trang b cho mnh nhng nim tin mi chp cnh a bn
bay cao, xa hn ?. Thay v c gi mi nhng ci nhn ti t do ngi khc v tnh dn cho
bn, bn hy t to cho mnh nhng ci nhn khc lc quan hn, nu mun, bn hon ton c
th dn cho mnh nhng ci nhn nh "Ti c t cht ca mt nh lnh o" hay "Ti c kh
nng qun l thi gi an tuyt vi". Trong bi tp sau y chng ta s thc hin vic ny. Bc
mt: bt u ngay by gi, bn hy vit ra tt c nhng nim tin lm gii hn kh nng ca
bn. Vit ra nhng nim tin ca bn v bn thn, hc tp, trng hc, thy c, thm ch v


cuc sng chung. V d: "Ti lm ton rt t", "Ti rt li", "Trng hc ng nguyn ra",
"Vic hc rt kh khn". Hy in vo phn ghi ch di y ngay by gi.
PHN 2: NHNG PHNG PHP HC SIU NG
CHNG 5
BN S HU B NO CA 1 THIN TI
MT B NO N N HAY CHA C RN LUYN TT
Bn thng nghe 1 s ngi than phin rng h khng thng minh bng ngi khc. H
than phin b no ca h rt chm chp, khng bit sng to hoc khng th tip thu g c.
Nu ti thng minh hn, ti c th hc gii hn r t nhiu l li bin h ti thng nghe
nht. Nhiu ngi hi rng ti c th tin 1 hc sinh c tr thng minh hn nhng hc sinh khc
khng?. Ti tin ch. Nhng hc sinh thng minh hn hc nhanh hn v t kt qu tt hn.
Cu tr li tip theo ca ti l: Tr thng minh ca bn l trch nhim ca bn . iu ny
c ngha l nu bn khng thng minh, l l i ca bn. Nhng ti phi lm th no nu
ti khng thng minh ? lun lun va l cu tr li va l cu hi t h.

Ti tin rng tr thng minh ca 1 ngi c th c rn luyn v bt k ai cng c th tr
nn thng minh hn. Nu bn quyt tm nng cao nng lc ca b no, tr thng minh, tr nh
v kh nng suy ngh ca bn t hm nay, bn hon ton c th lm c iu . Mc d ti
ng rng mt s ngi c sn tr thng minh thin ph t lc mi sinh ra, hu ht nhng
ngi ti nng hay thin ti u do t rn luyn. Bn thn ti y l 1 v d in hnh. C bn
l ti hun luyn b no ca ti tr nn y ti nng.
EDITH C RN LUYN THNH NGI TI NNG NH TH NO ?
Aaron Stern lm th nghim trn chnh con gi mnh vo nm 1952 chng minh rng tr
thng minh c th c rn luyn, v rng bt k ai cng c th tr thnh ti nng nh vo mi
trng v phng php hc tp tt

Aaron Stern mang li cho con gi mnh 1 mi trng kch thch tr thng minh tt nht ng
c th ngh ti. T lc b gi mi c sinh ra, Aaron Stern cho c b nghe nhc c in, ni
chuyn vi c b bng ngn ng ca ngi ln (ch khng phi ni chuyn nh a tr), v
dy cho c b rt nhiu t mi hng ngy bng hnh nh. N lc ca Aaron Stern em n
thnh qu nh th no ? Khi mi 1 tui, b Edith c th ni nhng cu hon chnh. Lc 5 tui,
Edith c ht b sch Bch Khoa Ton Th ca Anh quc. Nm 6 tui, c b c 6 quyn
sch v tp ch New York Times mi ngy. Nm 12 tui, c b bt u vo trung hc v nm
15 tui, c bt u hc ngnh ton ti trng i hc Michi gan State.
May mn thay, bn khng cn phi rn luyn tr no ca bn t khi cn b t nhng
kt qu xut sc. Bn c th bt u rn luyn b no ca bn bt c tui no, nhng tt
nht l ngay by gi. Bn khng bit lm th no tng tr thng minh ca mnh ? hiu
c ton b qu trnh ny, chng ta hy cng nhau khm ph.
KH NNG KHNG GII HN CA B NO
hiu c b no ca chng ta mnh m n mc no, chng ta cn tm hiu v 1 s
pht hin ca cc nh nghin cu v no trong sut 50 nm qua.
B no ca chng ta c cu to t hng t t bo no cn gi l Noron thn kinh. Mi
mt noron tuy c kch thc cc nh nhng li c 1 sc mnh x l thng tin tng ng vi
1 my tnh. B lu tr thng tin ca 1 noron cng c sc cha khng l v mi t bo no bao


hm 1 b gen hon ho ca chng ta ti to thm 1 nhn bn ging y nh chng ta vy.
Trung bnh c khong 1 triu triu (1.000.000.000.000) noron nh th cu to nn b no.
Trong khi , 1 con ong mt ch cn 7.000 noron c th xy dng, duy tr 1 t ong,tnh ton
khong cch, ht mt hoa, sn xut mt, c kh nng gi ao phi, chm sc ong con v c kh
nng gi ao tip trong n. S so snh ny cho thy chng ta c 1 sc mnh no b khng
khip. Chng ta c qu nhiu noron n mc nu bn c t hn vi triu noron so vi ngi
khc th cng khng khc bit g my.
S LIN KT N RON TO NN TR THNG MINH
Nu tt c chng ta v c bn u c cng 1 s lng noron thn kinh, vy th u g to ra
s khc bit v tr thng minh con ngi? iu g khin hc sinh ny thng minh hn hc sinh
kia? Li gii p nm s lng ng kt ni gia cc noron cn gi l s lin kt noron. 20
tun sau khi th thai, cc noron trong no b ca chng ta bt u to ra hng ngn lin kt t
noron ny n noron khc. S lin kt ny nh hnh hng lot cc hnh vi ca chng ta v do
, quyt nh tr thng minh ca chng ta. Nu bn c nng khiu v ton, c th bn pht
trin 1 s lng lin kt noron phong ph gip bn gii phn tch, x l v gii quyt cc vn
ton hc. Tuy nhin, cng vi nhng lin kt noron ny, bn c th khng c nng khiu
v. Mt ngi khc c th v rt p v anh ta c lin kt noron cn thit khc vi bn, gip
anh c khi nim tt v hi ha. Cng nhiu lin kt noron c to ra, chng ta cng thng
minh hn trong 1 lnh vc no .

Vy th, 1 cu hi quan trng c t ra l yu t no nh hng n s lin kt gia cc
noron ? Vic tn dng b no ca bn bao nhiu s quyt nh by nhiu lin kt noron trong
no b.
Mi khi bn nhn thy, lng nghe hoc lm 1 chuyn g mi, hoc mi khi bn suy ngh, b
no ca bn s b kch thch. y l lc b no ca bn to ra thm by nhiu lin kt noron
gip bn ngy cng thng minh.
HY CNG KHOANH TAY LI NO
Chng ta hy lm 1 thc nghim khm ph sc mnh trong lin kt noron. Bn sn
sng tham gia cha ? Xin nh rng tham gia thc hnh l cch hc hiu qu nht. Tuyt! By
gi, bn hy khoanh tay li trc ngc. Vic ny u c kh qu ng khng? Tip theo, ti
mun bn thay i hng khoanh tay ca bn (tay phi t trn i thnh tay tri t pha trn
hoc ngc li). Bn hy lm i. C d khng no? Bn c cm thy 1 cht bi ri lc mi bt
u i hng khng? Khi bn i hng khoang tay ri, bn cm thy thoi mi hay khng
thoi mi? Nu bn ging nh a s mi ngi, bn s cm thy bi ri 1 cht lc u nhng
ch 1 lc sau, bn s lm c thnh tho.

Bn thc mc l bi tp thc hnh ny c lin quan g ti b no ca bn ng khng? Hy
suy ngh xem no. L do li sao ln u tin bn khoanh tay rt d dng m khng cn suy
ngh ? ng th, bn l c vic l ti v trong sut bao nhiu nm qua bn lm i lm
li hnh ng rt nhiu ln, no b ca bn hnh thnh cc nhm lin kt noron gip bn
thc hin vic thun thc. Khi b yu cu lm 1 vic no khc, 1 vic m bn khng lm
thng xuyn, ging nh vic thay i hng khoanh tay, bn s cm thy lng ngng v b
no ca bn cha c cc lin kt noron cn thit thc hin hnh ng mi ny.
By gi bn th ngi trc gng tp i hng khoanh tay ca bn trong 1 gi ng h,
bn chc chn s c th khoanh tay v i hng khoanh tay 1 cch d dng sau . Ti sao


vy ? Bi v trong qu trnh lp i lp li 1 hnh ng mi (i hng khoang tay ), no b ca
bn s b kch thch lm pht sinh cc lin kt noron mi gip bn thc hin hnh ng mi
ny kh d dng.
NU BN KHNG THNH THO VIC G, HY THC HIN VIC NHIU
HN
Vic ny m ch iu g? Nu bn km ton, bn nn lm g? ng th ! Bn phi tip tc
lm ton tht nhiu. L do khin bn km mn i S v bn khng c lin kt noron gip
bn hiu v p dng mn hc ny. Bng cch thc hnh mn i S tht nhiu, bn s cm
thy mn hc ny ngy cng d. No b ca chng ta s quen thuc vi mn i S khi n to
ra c nhiu lin kt noron mi dnh cho mn hc ny. Ln u tin bn th trt Pa-tin, ti
dm c rng bn rt kh gi thng bng. Nhng sau vi ln tp, vic gi thng bng tr nn d
dng hn nhiu. Mt ln na, b no ca bn vn ch c nhng lin kt noron gip bn gi
thng bng khi bc i bnh thng, bn hc c cch gi thng bng trn patin thng qua
vic to ra nhng lin kt noron mi.
Vic ny nghe c v rt n gin. Thc hnh nhiu, bn s lm vic tt hn. ng nh
vy y. Nhng a s hc sinh li khng lm c theo nguyn tc c bn ny. Bn hy t hi
mnh : Khi bn hc km mn ton hay mn lch s, bn c xu hng thc hnh mn nhiu
hn hay t hn? Chc chn cu tr li l t hn. Chng ta c khuynh hng ght b hay n
trnh nhng mn hc chng ta khng gii, vi li bin minh rng mn hc rt nhm chn,
hoc chng ta khng hng th vi mn hc . Cng lc, chng ta li c khuynh hng lm
tht nhiu vic chng ta thnh tho nh tr chi in t. l l do ti sao chng ta chi cng
ngy cng gii hn trong khi hc cng ngy cng km. Nu tr thng minh khng th thay i,
ti chc chn khi bn hc km th bn chi in t cng rt t. Nhng r rng, thc t cho thy
1 iu hon ton ngc li.
Bn cng tn dng b no ca mnh bao nhiu, b no ca bn s cng thng minh by
nhiu. B no ca bn cng ging nh c bp ca bn vy. Cch duy nht pht trin c bp
l l tp luyn thng xuyn bng cch nng nhng vt nng hn nhng g bn c th nng
c lc bnh thng. No b ca bn cng th. Cch duy nht bn thng minh hn l lm
nhng vic khin cho b no ca bn cm thy rt kh khn gay go. Mi ngy, bn hy tm 1
vic kh khn no m bn phi ng no mi hiu r hoc thnh tho. Bn hy th thch
bn thn bng vic khm ph hay tm hiu vn . y chnh l b quyt gip bn thng
minh hn.
SU CCH KCH THCH B NO

Nghe nhc Ba-r c (Baroque) mt loi nhc c in t nhng nm 1700 1800.
Lin tc t cu hi v tr li cu hi trong lp hc.
Th thch bn thn bng vic c gng gii p cc cu hi mi m phc tp mi ngy.
Khm ph thng tin bn ngoi sch gio khoa bng vic hc hi kin thc mi trong sch
tham kho.
Khng bao gi b qua cc ch v chng sch kh hiu. Ho hng bt tay vo tm li
gii p.
Hiu r rng: cch duy nht tr nn thng minh hn l cm thy kh hiu v phm sai
lm trong qua trnh rn luyn.
SU CCH NGN CHN S PHT TRIN CA B NO


B qua cc chng sch hoc thng tin m bn ngh l qu kh hiu v phc tp
Khng dm t cu hi khi bn khng hon ton hiu r vn g
Tr li Ti khng bit v khng bn tm suy ngh v cu tr li.
Ch hc nhng vn cm thy d tip thu.
Sao chp p n t bn b, khng mun t mnh c gng tm cch gii quyt vn .
Khng dm gi tay pht biu tr li cu hi trong lp hc. (Khng cn lo ngi vic bn c
th tr li cu hi sai v ngay c nhng hc sinh gii nht cng c lc tr li sai. iu quan
trng l bn c gng suy ngh v tr li cu hi. i vi thy c, vic bn tht s c gng
tr li cu hi c ngha hn l vic bn tr li ng hay sai rt nhiu.)
TR THNG MINH KHNG GII HN
Nu bn c th tng cng tr thng minh bng vic kch thch no b, vy th gii hn tr
thng mnh ca bn u ? iu ny ph thuc vo vic b no ca bn cn c th to ra bao
nhiu lin kt noron na. Bn hy nh rng chng ta c 1 triu triu noron v mi noron c th
tp ra v s cc lin kt vi noron khc. Tng s lin kt c tnh ton 1 cch chnh xc s
nhiu n mc chng ta buc phi vit ra trn giy, l 1 con s khin ai cng phi rng
mnh, bt u bng s 1 theo sau l dy s 0 di 10,5 triu cu s. gii thch r hn cho bn
hiu con s ny ln n mc no, ti s so snh con s ny vi 1 khi nim quen thuc. Tt c
chng ta u bit nguyn t l 1 cu to vt cht cc nh trong v tr, ng khng ? Vy bn
bit c bao nhiu nguyn t trong v tr khng ? Theo c on, con s y bt u bng 1 v
100 s 0 theo sao (110100 ). Ngha l bn phi vit con s nguyn t ny trn 1 mnh giy
di khong na mt. Cn con s lin kt noron th l i chim 1 mnh giy di khong 10,5
triu cy s khi vit bng tay. R rng, tim nng pht trin ca no b gp hng t t t ln
tng s nguyn t trong v tr. Hay ni n gin, n gn nh khng c gii hn.
B NO 2 TRONG 1 CA BN
hc cch tn dng sc mnh ca no b, trc ht bn phi hiu c cch lm vic
ca n. Cc lp trn cng v trung tm ca no b c cu to t bn cu no tri v bn cu
no phi. Hai bn cu no ni lin nhau nh vo tp hp cc si dy thn kinh. Mi bn cu
no c 1 vai tr ht sc khc nhau. No tri ca chng ta x l thng tin v lp lun, ton hc,
phn tch, ngn ng, cc chui s v s kin No phi ca chng ta chm lo nhng vic nh
m nhc, sng to, m mng, tng tng, mu sc, tnh cm

NO TRI TT, NO PHI XU?
Bn hy th ngh xem, 90% cc mn hc trong trng l nhng mn hc thin v no tri.
Nhng mn hc chnh nh a l, ton hc, vt l. Ha hc, sinh hc, anh vn, k thut u
i hi cc chc nng hot ng t no tri nh tm hiu s kin, phn tch thng tin, lp lun,
tnh ton.
Vy th trong khi no tri ca bn phi lin tc lm vic hu ht thii gi an lc bn hc
trng, no phi ca bn s lm g? N hu nh chng lm g nhiu. Ngha l no phi khng
c tn dng ng cng sut. Do , no phi ca bn cm thy rt nhm chn v kt qu
l n lm sao nhng s tp trung ca bn.



C phi bn hay m mng trong lp hc, hoc hay vit nguch ngoc trn giy khi thy c
ging bi khng? Bn c bit ti sao chuyn ny xy ra khng? B v a s cc mn hc u
lin quan n chc nng no tri, no phi ca bn hu nh khng c g lm, n cm thy
nhm chn v ph i kim vic lm . Kt qu l no phi khin bn m mng, vit
nguch ngoc trn giy, gim bt s tp trung ca bn vo mn hc.
Bn c bao gi t hi ti sao bn lun phi bt ra dio hoc bt nhc trc khi bn chun b
hc bi khng? Cng 1 l do nh trn. l v no phi ca bn ang cn c s quan tm.
C v nh no phi l nguyn nhn chnh gy ra vic bn b xao nhng, mt tp trung.
Cch gii quyt tt nht cho vn ny l bn phi s dng c 2 no tri v no phi trong lc
hc. Vic ny khng nhng to cng n vic lm cho no phi, m n cn gip tng gp
nhiu ln (ch khng ch gp i) sc mnh ca no b. Bn c th tng tng ging nh khi
bn chy bng 2 chn th s nhanh hn 1 ngi khc chy bng 1 chn rt nhiu.
HU HT CC THIN TI U BIT CCH TN DNG TON B NO
Cc nghin cu cho thy, s khc bit chnh gi ngi bnh thng v thin ti l cc thin
ti bit cch tn dng c 2 bn cu no trong cng 1 thi im, trong bt c vic g. Do , h
tn dng c gp nhiu ln tim nng trong b no so vi ngi bnh thng

Leonar do da Vin ci (1452 -1519) c tn vinh l 1 trong nhng ha s v i nht ca
mi thi i, ng thi l nh khoa hc, nh ton hc v l 1 k s thnh cng. Bn c bit
rng trc khi Leonar do v 1 bc tranh (no phi), ng dng cc phng trnh ton hc
tnh ton chnh xc s kt hp mu sc, b cc nhm to ra hiu ng mong mun (no tri).
ng th, ti nng ca ng n t vic dng c 2 bn cu no cng 1 lc.
Al bert Ein stein (1879 -1955) tng thi trt mn ton nhiu ln v b coi l 1 hc sinh
chm tin. Nhng ng li rt c nng khiu m nhc. ng va l ngh s Vi olon va l 1 hc
s ng khm phc. Ch n khi En stein hc c cch tn dng c 2 bn cu no, ng mi
tr thnh thin ti pht minh ra Thuyt Tng i.

Ein stein lm c iu bng vic trc ht l cho php no phi c t do m
mng, tng tng. Ein stein ngi trn 1 ngn i suy ngh, m mng c ci ln nhng tia
nng i 1 vng quanh v tr ri quay li mt tri. S tng tng hm y lm ng ny sinh
tng rng v tr thc cht l un cong v do , khng gi an, thi gi an, nh sng cng th.
Thuyt Tng i c sinh ra t tng ny (no phi) mc d n c khng nh da trn
nhng cng thc ton hc, vt l v cc chng minh phc tp (no tri). Cn rt nhiu v d
khc v vic cc thin ti bit tn dng ton b no nu bn chu kh tm kim.
Vy th, lm th no chng ta tn dng c c 2 bn cu no hc cng 1 lc? Tt c
cc phng php Hc Siu ng trong quyn sch ny u da trn nguyn tc tn dng ton
b kh nng ca no.
BN THIN V NO TRI HAY NO PHI
Ti trn khp th gii, lun c nhng hc sinh thin v no tri trong khi nhng hc
sinh khc li thin v no phi.
Nhng hc sinh thin v no tri c nhng c im chung sau y: H thng thch gn
gng, ngn np. y l nhng hc sinh tc chi gn gng, o cho vo qun tm tt. Hp ng
bt ca nhng hc sinh ny lun c sp xp cn thn. Lc no h cng mang y vit
mc, vit ch, thc k, cc ty Bn hc nh ca hc lc no cng gn gng, sch s. H
sp xp mi th u vo y v thng cm thy bc bi nu ai mn dng ca h m


khng tr li v tr c. Nhng hc sinh ny nhn chung hc tt cc mn ngoi ng, ton hc,
vt l, ha hc Kt qu l hc thng hc xut sc trong trng, l nim t ho ca cha m.
Tuy nhin, nhng hc sinh ny c khuynh hng kh thng cm vi ngi khc v c th
thiu 1 cht k nng gi ao tip. a s hc cng thng thiu c tng tng phong ph, t i
do xc cm, hi kh ha nhp vo tp th.

Nhng hc sinh thin v no phi li hon ton tri ngc. Tc h bao gi cng ri tung,
o b ngoi qun. H thch m mng trong lp hc, ni nhiu v rt d mt tp trung. H
thng khng ngn np v gn gng, phng c ba bn nh chung heo, bn hc th y ry
sch hc, giy bt vng vi khp ni. Nhng hc sinh ny thng khng hc gii lm
trng v h d mt tp trung, kh tip thu cc mn tnh ton. Tuy nhin, h li thng xut
sc trong cc mn th thao, ngh thut, m nhc, cc mn i hi s sng to. H thng gi ao
tip tt, c khuynh hng d thng cm vi ngi khc.

Bn ngh bn ging nhm hc sinh no hn? D nhin l cng c khng t nhng hc sinh
khng thin v bt k no tri hay no phi v do , s hu nhiu c im ca c 2 nhm
trn.
Nh th, bn ngh s pht trin ca bn cu no no quan trng hn? Cu tr li l c 2.
Chc nng ca 2 bn cu no u cn thit bn tht s thng minh v thnh cng trong
cuc sng. Tht ra, a s cc nh kinh doanh gii, cc triu ph u c khuynh hng pht huy
no phi nhiu hn 1 cht v mt nh kinh doanh gii cn s tng tng phong ph, s ng
cm vi ngi khc v s sch to (cc chc nng ca no phi). Nhng iu khng c
ngha l no tri ca h khng siu vit phn tch tnh hung, tnh ton chi ph li
nhun..
HAI BN CU NO TRONG CNG 1 H THNG
ng tic l tt c hc sinh (d thin v no tri hay no phi) u b chuyn vo cng 1 h
thng gio dc ni m 90% cc mn hc i hi cc chc nng no tri. Chuyn g s xy ra?
R rng, cc hc sinh thin v no tri l nhng hc sinh thi trt v b tng vo cc trng
tm thng. Tht bt cng! Chng my chc, nhng hc sinh thin v no phi ny u b dn
nhn l chm tiu , thiu kh nng tp trung , ngu ngc , c vn ,. V bn bit
khng? Ti tng l 1 trong s nhng hc sinh . Dn dn, nhng hc sinh ny bt u tin
rng h tht s ngu ngc, tht s t hi v nhng nim tin ny quyt nh s phn ca h.

Mt tin tt lnh l nu bn l 1 hc sinh thin v no phi, bn c th bt u hc cch
dng chc nng no phi hc cc mn hc thuc v no tri ngay by gi. Bi v chnh
l nhng iu bn s c hc trong quyn sch ny. ng th, bn c th s dng nhng u
im ca bn nh tr tng tng, nng khiu trong m nhc, cm xc, hi ha hc ton
v tt c cc mn khoa hc t nhin khc 1 cch xut sc.
Nu bn l hc sinh thin v no tri v c thnh tch hc kh tt th sao? Bn c phi
hc nhng phng php hc trong quyn sch ny khng? C ch. Nu bn thin v no tri
v hc gii, bn c tng tng c chuyn g s xy ra nu bn bit cch tn dng thm c
no phi ang b lng qun khng? Bn vn cn nh v d v vic chy bng 2 chn v
chy bng 1 chn trn ch? Vng, bng vic s dng cng lc 2 bn cu no, bn s
nng cao c sc mnh ca no b bn ln gp nhiu ln.


BI HC T CUC SNG, CU CHUYN CA KEN NETH
Ken neth Wong (ngi v hnh minh hc trong ln xut bn u tin ca quyn sch ny)
l 1 hc sinh thin v no phi in hnh. Cu b thch m mng, thch v tranh v c kh nng
tp trung ngn hn trong lp.cu cc k sng to nhng li gp kh khn vi nhng mn hc
nh ton hc, lch s. Kt qu l cu ng cht lp trong trng St Joseph Sin ga pore. Tuy
nhin, cu khng h nn ch v thay i c kt qu hc tp bng cch s dng nhng
phng php Hc Siu ng nh S T Duy. Phng php y gip cu s dng tr tng
tng, sc sng to, kh nng ngh thut tip thu cc mn hc ca no tri nh a l, sinh
hc, ton hc. Bng nhin, t 1 hc sinh thin v no phi, cu tm c nim vui trong
nhng mn hc no tri ny. Ch trong vng 3 thng, cu vn ln dn u lp v cui cng,
cu c min thi by mn k thi tt nghip cp 2.
HY SUY NGH V VIC NY
Nu bn l hc sinh thin v no phi, ng s hi! Bn c th dng cc phng php
trong quyn sch ny s dng k nng no pho tip thu v hc gii cc mn hc cn no
tri trng. Bng vic hc cch s dng ng thi c 2 bn cu no vo vic hc, bn s
nng cao nng lc no b ca bn ging nh cc thin ti.
Hy bt u bng vic hc cch tng sc mnh ca b no ca chng ta ln gp nhiu ln
chng tip theo
CHNG 6
PHNG PHP C NM BT THNG TIN
By gi th cc bn c khi nim v sc mnh no b, chng ta hy bt u tm hiu
phng php Hc Siu ng u tin phng php c nm bt thng tin. Trc khi bn
c th ghi ch, hc thuc lng hoc n bi li, vic u tin bao gi bn cng phi lm l c
sch gio khoa v ti liu mn hc nm bt c nhng thng tin cn thit, quan trng. Nh
th, bn mi lun chc chn t im cao trong cc k thi. Vic hc t hay hc vt l
hon ton khng nn.
ng tic l a s hc sinh khng c sch gio khoa v ti liu mn hc nhm mc ch
nm bt thng tin. H ngh rng vic c sch ch gip h hiu thm bi bi ging hoc
bit thm kin thc mi. Sau , h thng ch c c li cc ti liu mn hc trong thi gi an
n thi c gng nh mi th (hc vt ) hoc chn hc ch 1 s phn m hc cho l quan
tr ng ( hc t ). Nu bn hc theo kiu ny, khi k thi n gn, bn s thy mnh chm ngp
trong ng bi v do hc vt , hoc bc vo k thi vi tm l cc k cng thng do hc
t .
LM TH NO GIM 80% THI GI AN HC NHNG VN NH V HIU BI
NHIU HN

Nhn chung, trong bt k quyn sch gio khoa no, ch c khong 20% trong tng s t
cha ng nhng thng tin bn cn thu hoch ton b kin thc ca mn hc, m bo
ginh im cao trong cc k thi. Nhng t ny gi l t kha. T kha bao gm cc danh t,
ng t, ph t v tnh t. Mt s tht ng kinh ngc l 80% s t cn li khng h bao hm
thng tin hu ch no. Nhng t ch yu no thng l nhng t ni. V d: l , ca ,
nhng , c , vi , v rt nhiu ph t khc vy nu nhng t ny khng mang li
ngha quan trng g, chng gi vai tr g trong quyn sch? Mc ch ca chng l lin kt
nhng t kha li vi nhau nhm to thnh cu vn hon chnh. Chng ch mang li li ch l


gip bn hiu c nhng g c vit trong ln c u tin, cn trong nhng lc bn cn hc
thuc hoc n li thng tin, nhng t ny ch lm mt thi gi an v ph phm tr nh ca bn.
PHNG PHP C HIU QU L TP HP NHNG T KHA
hiu qu, bn phi hiu rng bn ch cn c qua ton b sch gio khoa hoc ti liu
mn hc 1 ln duy nht. Trong khi c, bn phi tch ra c ci ct li hoc thng tin
di dng chnh v t kha.
Sau , bn ch ghi ch nhng chnh v t kha ( di dng S T Duy) dnh cho
vic n li sau ny. Bn c th b qua 80% nhng t th yu cn li. Trong ln n bi sp ti,
bn ch vic n li 20% t kha trong S T Duy l c th nm c 100% thng tin ca
mn hc. Bn gim bt c 80% thi gi an hc m vn t hiu qu cao nht.

Vic tp hp cc t kha trong sch gio khoa ging nh vic thu nht nhng ht go t
cnh ng la mnh mng. C th mt nhiu thi gi an lc u thu lm chng v sng lc
ra nhng ht go trng ngn. Tuy nhin, sau khi vic ny hon tt, chng ta ch cn n s go
, v chng chnh l tinh cht t cnh ng mang li ngun nng lng cn thit. Nu bn
thy vic n nguyn 1 b la thay v 1 chn cm tht l nc ci, th vic bn c gng nh
tng t trong sch thay v cc t kha cng th thi.
MINH HA V TNH HIU QU CA T KHA
Ti s ch cho bn thy sc mnh ca t kha. Bn hy c on vn gm 103 t di y.

Sau khi c xong on vn trn, b no ca bn s nm c mt s thng tin t ni dung
on vn. Tuy nhin, khng phi tt c cc t trong on vn u gp phn mang li lng
thng tin . Thng tin ch nm trong cc t kha c gch di sau y.

Nu bn phi c t kha thi, bn c th hiu c ton b thng tin khng? Hy c
on vn k tip tm li gii p.

Ti chc chn rng ch cn c li nhng t kha trn, bn vn nm c ton b thng
tin. Khng mt thng tin no b b st. Tuy nhin, vic c cc t th yu chim phn ln
trong on vn khng mang li thng tin b ch no.

Bao nhiu thng tin bn c c khi c nhng t th yu ? Cu tr li l hu nh
khng c g c. Vy m nhng t th yu ny li chim phn ln t ng trong on vn ban
u. iu ny cho thy mi khi bn hc thuc bi 1 cch m qung, bn tht s ang phung
ph 1 phn ln thi gi an ht sc v ch. Cha k n vic c gng ghi nh qu nhiu t th
yu s lm bn b xao nhng khi nhng thng tin quan trng. l l do ti sao mt s hc
sinh hc rt chm ch nhng vn khng c kt qu nh . Trong phn tip theo ca chng
ny, bn s c hc cch c hiu qu tp hp nhng t kha cn thit vo S T
Duy.
TI SAO CHNG TA PHI HC CCH C HIU QU?
nm bt thng tin 1 cch hiu qu khi c sch, chng ta phi hc cch c hiu qu.
Phng php c hiu qu l k nng c sch gip bn tng tc c, kh nng tp trung v
nng lc lnh hi khi c.


Hu ht mi ngi u gp 1 vn chung l kh nng tp trung v sc tip thu thng tin
km lc c sch. Bn cnh , mt vn khc l chng ta thng c tc chm hn
nhiu so vi kh nng c tht s ca chng ta.
Thng qua phng php c hiu qu ny , bn s c th c nhanh gp 3 ln tc c
hin ti ca bn. iu ny mang li nhiu li th cho bn so vi bn b xung quanh. Bn s c
nhiu thi gi an hn th gin, hoc chuyn sang vic ghi chp, lm bi tp, n bi.
C NHANH HN GIP TNG KH NNG TP TRUNG V TIP THU THNG
TIN
Nhiu ngi trnh vic c nhanh v h ngh rng vic c nhanh lm gim kh nng tp
trung cng nh kh nng tip thu thng tin ca h. Thc t hon ton ngc li, l do bn mt
tp trung l v bn c qua chm. Xin nh rng vic thiu tp trung l kt qu ca vic tm tr
bn lang thang ngh v nhng chuyn khc. L do ti sao b no ca bn (c bit l bn cu
no phi y s sng to) lm vic ny l v n khng c tn dng trit , th l n tr nn
bun chn . Nghin cu cho thy i mt v no b ca chng ta c kh nng tip thu hn
20.000 t 1 pht nhng hu ht mi ngi ch c tc c 200 t 1 pht, t hn 1% tim
nng tht s trong chng ta. Nu bn c 1 cng ty thu 100 cng nhn nhng vo bt c lc
no cng ch c vic cho 1 cng nhn, chuyn g s xy ra? 99 cng nhn cn li s cm
thy nhm chn, bt u ni chuyn vi nhau, thm ch cn lm nhiu vic v b khin ngi
cng nhn ang lm vic cng b mt tp trung. y l nhng g din ra trong no b ca bn
khi n c qua chm.
Tri qua nhiu bui ni chuyn chuyn v cc kha o to, ti chng minh c
rng, khi ti ct gim thi gi an cho php cc hc sinh ca ti c 1 on 1 vn, kh nng tip
thu kin thc ca h li tng ln r rt. Kt qu ny c chng thc qua cc bi kim tra sau
. Tuy nhin, iu ny ch chc chn xy ra khi h p dng phng php c hiu qu m
hc c hc.
Thm 1 v d v vn ny.

Gia s bn ang li xe trn xa l vi tc 20 Km/gi. Bn c tp trung cao khng?
Ti khng ngh vy. Tm tr ca bn c th tha thn do quanh v cm thy cc k nhm chn.
Cn chuyn g s xy ra nu bn ang li xe vi tc 50-60 km/gi. Ti chc chn rng bn
buc lng phi trong trng thi tp trung cao nht. Vy , vic c sch cng tng t
nh th.
TIM NNG CA I MT
iu g quyt nh tc c sch ca bn? V lm cch no chng ta c th tng tc c?
Cu tr li nm cch mt chng ta di chuyn lin tc t bn ny sang bn kia nh my qut
thng tin khi n phi c 1 trang sch.
Chuyn g tht s xy ra nu bn khng di chuyn tri chy cht no? Trn thc t, khi bn
c mt trang sch, mt bn s di chuyn ging nh my nh ch vy, lin tc dng li ri di
chuyn tip, c th lp i lp li lin tc.
Khi c, mt chng ta phi dng li th mi thu thp c thng tin. Thi gi an mt dng
li mi ln khong giu n 1 giy. Mt dng li cng nhiu ln th thi gi an dng cng lu
v lm chng ta c cng chm. B quyt ca phng php c hiu qu l lm gim s ln v
thi gi an dng ca mt khi chng ta c sch.



Vi nhng ngi c tng ch mt, mt ca h phi dng li mi ch 1 ln. Gi s mi
ln mt h dng khong giy, iu ny c ngha trong vng 1 pht, h ch c th c 120 t.
Tc 120 t/pht l tc di trung bnh.
c nhanh hn, bn khng th c tng t mt c. Bn phi c t nht 1 cm t mi
ln mt dng li. Nu bn c 2 n 3 t 1 ln th tc c ca bn s l 240 360 t/pht.
y ch mi l tc c trung bnh.
Ch cn chu kh tp luyn vi ln, bn s c th c 1 nhm 5-7 t mt lc, mang li cho
bn tc c 600-840 t/pht. Vic ny hon ton khng kh khn nh bn ngh. Cc hc
sinh tham d kha hc Thiu Nin Siu ng u c th thc hin vic ny sau vi gi thc
hnh, k c nhng hc sinh tng hc rt km.
KIM TRA TC C C CA BN
o nhanh tc c hin thi ca bn, canh ng h trong vng 1 pht xem bn c
c bao nhiu t.
Nu vic c 600-850 t mt pht khng qu phc tp, v nu chng ta c th c c 1
cm t, ti sao vn c qu nhiu ngi gp kh khn trong vic c? Ti sao vn c qua nhiu
ngi c chm? L do l v.
NHNG THI QUEN LM GIM TC C CA BN
tm hiu thm v thi quen c sch ca bn, hy c li trang va qua. Ln ny,bn
hy ch n mt ca bn, mi ca bn v nhng g trong tm tr bn lc bn ang c.
By gi, hy kim tra li xem bn c bt k thi quen chm no sau y khng.
c bng mi

Khi c, bn c thy mi ca bn mp my khng?
Nu chng mp my c, ngha l bn c thi quen c bng mi. y l 1 thi quen c t
tiu hc khi phi c ln ting trong lp. c bng mi lm bn c rt chm v bn b gii
hn vo tc c ca mi bn. Bng cch ch ng khng mp my mi khi c, bn c th
dn b c thi quen ny.
Ging c thm

Mt s ngi khng mp my mi khi c nhng thay vo , h li c ging ni thm
c tng ch trong u h. Thi quen ny cng rt t, v tc c ca bn b gii hn vo tc
ca ging ni trong u bn. V y l 1 thi quen ph bin nht, n su trong nhiu ngi
chng ta, bn kh c th t b c ging c thm ny. Thay vo , bn phi bt u thc
tp vic ch c thm nhng t kha ch khng c thm tng ch mt. Ngoi ra bn cng c
th xua ui ging ra khi u bng vic nghe nhc khng li c nhp nhanh khi c
sch.
Vic c li
Mt vn ph bin na ca ngi c l c khuynh hng c c i c li mt s t.
Thi quen ny lm mt nhiu thi gi an v thng khin ngi c chm hn 100 t mt pht.
Hn 90% thi quen ny l do h s tip thu thng tin chm, s b st thng tin v thiu t tin
khi c sch. Thi quen ny cng c th c khc phc bng vic tp cch c nhanh v tin
tng vo kh nng c sch ca bn. Mt l do na ca thi quen ny l ngi c c th
khng bit nhiu t vng hoc km v ngn ng. Vn ny phi c gii quyt 1 cch
ring.
c tng ch mt


Nh cp, vic c tng ch 1 ch cho php bn c tc 120 t/pht. Nhiu
ngi ngh rng y l phng php c sch hp l v tt c chng ta u bt u tp c
bng vic c ln thnh ting tng t mt. Nhng tht ra, ch l phng php c sch
v lng.
Phng php c sch hiu qu l phi gip bn c nhanh m vn nm bt ton b thng
tin ch khng ch n thun l c tng ch. Vic c tng cm thay v tng ch v ch trng
vo nhng t kha chnh l cch c hon ho nht.
Tm mt hp
Tm mt hp l s t m mt bn c th nhn thy trong mi ln nhn hoc dng li.
a s mi ngi c tm mt rng khong 3-4 t mt cch t nhin khng cn rn luyn.
Nu bn c thi quen c sch thng xuyn, bn nn c tm mt rng khong 6-7 t. Tm
mt ca bn cng rng, bn cng c th c nhiu t trc mi ln mt dng li. t ti tc
c 600-850 t/pht, bn phi tp luyn c tm mt rng khong 6-7 t. Chng ta s
cng tho lun v cch tp luyn ny phn ti.

Bn c th kim tra tm mt hin ti ca bn bng vic ly 1 mnh giy t ln 1 cu vn
hon chnh che li phn ni dung cu vn. Tp trung nhn vo cu vn ang b che li. Sau
bn rt t giy ra tht nhanh trong vng 1 giy ri li vo che li cu vn . Bn kp
thy c bao nhiu t trong cu vn ? S t bn nhn thy chnh l c on tm mt ca
bn.
PHNG PHP C HIU QU GIP TNG TC C V KH NNG TIP THU
THNG TIN
By gi th bn hiu cc yu t quyt nh tc c v s tp trung ca bn. Bn cng
tm hiu thm v cc thi quen xu khi c sch. Sau y l vi k nng c sch hiu qu
m bn c th p dng ngay t by gi.
S dng 1 cy bt ch lm vt dn ng

Khi khng c vt g i trc dn ng, mt bn c khuynh hng nhy nht khp trang
giy lm chm vic c sch ca bn.. Do , bt c khi no bn c sch, hy dng 1 cy bt
ch lm vt dn mt bn qua tng cu vn. Vic ny gip bn tp trung hn vo vic c. Mt
l do khc ca vic dng bt ch l iu khin tc c ca mt bn. iu ny tng t
nh vic bn cn 1 ngi khc ch c tc trong mn ua thuyn truyn thng vy. Dch
chuyn bt ch nhanh hn tc c bnh thng ca bn mt cht gip rn luyn mt bn
ui theo bt ch v quen dn vi tc c nhanh
hn.
Tm hiu nhng chnh v nh du cc t kha.
Khi c sch, bn cn lt qua nhng t khng chnh yu v nh du nhng t kha quan
trng. Cng lc , tm kim cc chnh trong mi on vn. Thng thng mi on vn u
c 1 chnh duy nht c h tr bi nhiu ph. Hiu c iu ny s gip ch cho tin
trnh nm bt thng tin ca bn.
M rng tm mt c c cm t 5-7 t 1 lc
Thc hnh cc bi tp t A n E cui chng s dn dn gip bn m rng tm mt khi
c sch. ng thi, c gng ch ng c 1 nhm 5-7 t 1 lc khi bn lm bi tp thc hnh.
Tp nghe nhc nhp nhanh trong lc c


Khi c sch, bn c th nghe nhc khng li c nhp nhanh rn luyn cho mt bn
c nhanh hn. Bn cng nn nghe nhc bng tai nghe (head phone) nu bn c sch nhng
ni cn gi yn tnh cho ngi xung quanh nh th vic chng hn. Chng ta c khuynh
hng c sch nhanh bt kp tc nhc ang nghe. Sau vi ln tp luyn, bn s pht
hin rng bn c nhanh hn m khng cn bt nhc.
S yn lng khng lm tng s tp trung ca bn m ch khin no bn i th thn nhng
ni khc. Mt l do khc ca vic c sch trong ting nhc nhanh dn dp l nhm mc ch
lp i cc ting ng lm xao nhng khc (nh ting ngi ni chuyn, ting tivi vng vo t
phng khch) v dp tt ging c thm bn trong ang km hm tc c ca bn.
c phn tm tt cui chng trc
Mt k nng c sch khc m a s hc sinh u khng nhn ra, l bao gi cng nn
c phn tm tt cui chng trc khi quay li c t u chng. Ti sao? Bi v cui
chng lc no cng c vi on vn tm li chnh, hoc trong nhiu trng hp c c cc
cu hi kim tra v chng . Khi bn c phn cui chng trc, bn s c 1 khi nim
chung v ni dung chnh ca chng. ng thi, no ca bn cng bit c nhng thng tin
cn thit no m bn cn tm hiu trong chng sch. V bn s c sch mt cch ht sc
hiu qu nm bt nhng thng tin y.
Hn na, bn nn lun lun c lt qua nhng mc chnh v ph trong chng sch
trc khi bt u c tng ch chi tit. Vic c lt qua ny s gip bn chun b tm tr v
c hiu qu hn.
Lin tc thc y v th thch kh nng ca bn
Bn tng thy cc vn ng vin chy ua nh th no cha? H buc cc vt nng vo
chn trong lc chy. y l cch rn luyn c bp thm mnh m, nhng n to ra cm gic
cc k nng n kh chu khi luyn tp. Tuy nhin, khi h tho b nhng vt nng ra, h
bng cm thy nh nhng bay bng v c th chy rt nhanh.
Bn c th dng 1 k thut tng t rn luyn vic c hiu qu. Khi bn tp c hiu
qu, di chuyn bt ch nhanh thc y mt bn phi c mt tc m bn cm thy kh
chu. V d, nu bn ch ang c c 100 t/pht, bn phi p mnh c c 300-400 t
/pht. Nu bn cm thy khng nm kp thng tin hoc khng thoi mi, khng sao c. Mc
ch ca vic ny l lm bn qu ti v lm cng h thng thn kinh ca bn. Sau nhiu ln th
thch nh th, nng lc b no ca bn s c nng cao r rt. Xin nhc li rng bn phi
thc tp vic ny tht nhiu ln t kt qu tt nht. By gi, bn c hc phng php
c hiu qu nm bt thng tin. Bc tip theo, bn s c hc phng php tn dng sc
mnh ton no b thnh tho trong vic v S T Duy sau khi thu thp c cc chnh
v t kha quan trng trong sch.
CHNG 7: S T DUY (MY MAP PING)
CNG C GHI NH TI U
Cho mng bn n vi chng 7. Xin chc mng bn v ginh thi gi an c n
chng ny. Vic bn n lc hon tt 6 chng va qua chng t rng bn coi trng vic
t c nhng thnh cng trong cuc sng. Ti mun bn bit rng cc cuc kho st cho
thy 80% nhng ngi mua sch khng bao gi c ht chng u tin. Tht l lng ph
khng khip. Mt ln na, nhng ngi ny l nhng ngi THCH C thnh cng
nhng khng sn sng lm tt c mi vic thnh cng. Vy th, hy t chc mng bn 1 ln
na, v cng bt u khm ph Chng 7 y th v .


Bn va c hc phng php c hiu qu, cch thu thp nhng chnh v t kha
trong sch gio khoa, ti liu mn hc. Bn cn s dng chng ghi ch 1 cch hiu qu, d
nh nht.
GHI CH: B QUYT CA NHNG IM 10
Sau khi tm hiu hng ngn hc sinh gii, ti pht hin ra mt k nng chung m h s
dng trong hc tp. l vic h lun ghi ch theo nhiu cch ph hp vi tng c nhn.
Nhiu hc sinh ni vi ti rng nhng ghi ch ny nm gi b quyt thnh cng ca h. Khi ti
hi ti sao, h ni rng ghi ch gip h sp xp kin thc theo 1 cch ring d hiu, d nh
hn. Ghi ch cng gip h gim thi gi an n bi v trong ch cha ng nhng thng tin
quan trng h cn phi nh.
Ni mt cch khc, c 3 l do chnh ti sao bn phi ghi ch:
Ghi ch gip bn tit kim thi gi an
Chi ch gip bn tng kh nng nh bi
Ghi ch gip bn hiu bi tt hn
PHNG PHP GHI CH TRUYN THNG C PHI L TT NHT?
Sau khi xem qua cc ghi ch ca rt nhiu hc sinh, ti khm ph ra rng 95% hc sinh ghi
ch theo kiu truyn thng. Ghi ch theo kiu truyn thng l ghi ch thnh tng cu, thng
t tri sang phi. C 2 dng ghi ch kiu truyn thng c bn.
Dng 1
Dng u tin ca ghi ch kiu truyn thng c to ra t cc on vn trong sch. Dng
ghi ch ny ging nh mt quyn sch th 2 nhng khc 1 ch l n ch tng hp cc khi
nim quan trng. V d:

Dng 2
Cch thc ghi ch kiu truyn thng th 2 thng c gi l vit di dng nhiu phn
mc. dng ny, cc on vn hoc cc cu vn ngn c nh s v sp xp theo trnh t.
Mi cu vn cha ng 1 chnh lin quan cn c hc. V d:

NHNG BT LI CA PHNG PHP GHI CH TRUYN THNG
Xin php c hi bn 1 cu. S hc sinh t im 10 thng xuyn l 5% hay 95% tng
s hc sinh? Cu tr li l 5%, phn thiu s. S hc sinh gp kh khn trong 5% hay 95%?
Cu tr li l 95%, phn a s-nhng hc sinh ny thng cm thy vic hc kh khn, nhm
chn. Rt r rng, nhng vic a s mi ngi lm khng c v em li hiu qu. t thnh
tch xut sc, chng ta phi lm vic m a s mi ngi khng lm. Chng ta bit rng cc
hc sinh gii ghi ch vi mc ch tit kim thi gi an, nh bi v hiu bi tt hn. Hy cng
tm hiu phng php ghi ch kiu truyn thng c gip h t nhng mc ch y?
Phng php ghi ch truyn thng c gip bn tit kim thi gi an khng? Khng !

Liu phng php ghi ch kiu truyn thng c gip bn ct gim nhng khong thi gi an
khng cn thit v tit kim hu ht thi gi an khng? Cu tr li l khng. Mc d kiu ghi
ch truyn thng gip bn cht lc thng tin trong sch, kiu ghi ch ny vn ch ng nhng
t th yu gip to thnh cu vn hon chnh nhng li khng cn thit cho vic hc ca bn


(chim 60-80% tng s t). Vy th 60-80% thi gi an hc v c tr nh ca bn vn b lng
ph khi ghi ch kiu truyn thng.
Phng php ghi ch kiu truyn thng c gip bn nh bi tt nht khng? Khng!

Cu hi quan trng tip theo l liu phng php ghi ch truyn thng c gip bn nh bi
tt nht khng? Nu chng tht s em li li ch nh vy, tt c hc sinh khng gp kh
khn trong vic nh bi na. Chng ta u bit vic ny trn thc t l cha bao gi xy ra.
Chng 8: Tr Nh Siu ng Dnh Cho T, ti s phc tho trnh by nguyn tc c 1 Tr
Nh Siu ng. Cc nguyn tc ny bao gm lin tng, hnh dung, lm ni bt s vic, s
dng mu sc, suy lun, s dng m iu v tr tng tng. Trong khi , phng php ghi
ch kiu truyn thng khng h s dng bt k mt nguyn tc no c nhc n trn.

Khng c g l kh hiu khi hu ht cc hc sinh than phin tr nh ca h rt km. L do
l v ghi ch ca h khng tn dng c sc mnh tht s tim n bn trong tr nh ca h.
Phng php ghi ch truyn thng c gip bn ti u ha sc mnh no b khng? Khng!

chng mc ni v no b, chng ta cp ti vic cc thin ti c kh nng t
nhng thnh tch xut chng l v h tn dng c c 2 bn cu no cng 1 lc. ng tic,
phng php ghi ch kiu truyn thng l 1 cch thc hc tp dnh cho no tri. N khng tn
dng c cc chc nng ca no phi v do khng ti u ha sc mnh no b ca bn.
S T DUY: CNG C GHI CH TI U
Nu phng php ghi ch kiu truyn thng khng hiu qu nh chng ta thng ngh,
vy 1 cng c ghi ch hiu qu phi nh th no? Cu tr li l: mt cng c ghi ch hiu qu
phi tn dng c nhng t kha cng nh cc nguyn tc ca Tr Nh Siu ng. Vi cch
ghi ch nh th, c no tri ln no phi, hay phn ln cng sut ca no b s c huy ng
trit nhm mang li hiu qu ti u.

S T Duy (pht minh bi Tony Buzan) chnh l cng c ghi ch tuyt vi gip bn
t c tt c nhng yu t trn. chnh l l do ti sao S T Duy c gi l cng c
ghi ch ti u.
LI CH CA S T DUY
Hnh v minh ha bn di l mt v d ca S T Duy v Tc ng ca thi tit
mt chng hc trong sch gio kha a l (Sin ga pore). Chng ta hy cng so snh v phn
tch cc u im ca vic ghi ch theo kiu ny.

S T Duy gip bn tit kim thi gi an v n ch tn dng cc t kha

Nu bn nhn k S Tu Duy v tc ng ca thi tit pha trn, bn s cm thy rt
th v khi pht hin ra n bao hm kin thc t 10 trang sch gio khoa. Nh vo vic tn dng
nhng t kha v hnh nh sng to, mt khi lng kin thc nh th c ghi ch ht sc c
ng trong mt trang giy, m khng b st bt k 1 thng tin quan trng no. Tt c nhng


thng tin cn thit t im cao trong k thi vn c lu gi nguyn vn t nhng chi tit
nh nht nht.
V d, khi nhn vo S T Duy v tc ng ca thi tit pha trn, bn c th thy
rng: nh ngha tc ng c h c ca thi tit l vic nhng khi ln b v ra thnh
nhng khi nh hn khi chu tc ng t mt lc vt l . nh ngha di ny c gim li
ch cn 1/3 trong S T Duy.
Bn c th tng tng bn c bao nhiu li th so v bn b khng? Khi cn phi n bi
trc ngy thi, bn c th n li ton b chng sch di 20 trang ch bng vic n li 2-3
trang S T Duy. Bn ca bn c th phi mt mt ting hon tt vic n li cng 1
chng sch m vn c th b st thng tin, trong khi bn ch cn 20 pht n li ton b
kin thc 1 cch hon chnh.
S T Duy tn dng c cc nguyn tc ca Tr Nh Siu ng
Bn cng s nhn thy rng, ngoi vic tn dng cc t kha, S T Duy cn tn dng
c cc nguyn tc ca Tr Nh Siu ng, v nh tng kh nng tip thu v nh bi ca
bn.
S hnh dung
S T Duy c rt nhiu hnh nh bn hnh dung v kin thc cn nh. y l mt
trong nhng nguyn tc quan trng nht ca Tr Nh Siu ng. i vi no b, S T
Duy ging nh mt bc tranh ln y hnh nh, mu sc phong ph hn l mt bi hc kh
khn, nhm chn.
S lin tng
S T Duy hin th s lin kt gia cc tng mt cch rt r rng. V d, bn c th
nhn thy ngay tc ng thi tit bao gm 3 loi tc ng ( Tc ng bc mn , Tc
ng c h c , Tc ng ha hc ) v Mc tc ng .
Bn cng c th thy ngay lp tc Tc ng c h c ca thi tit c 2 chnh. l
nh ngha tc ng c h c v Cc loi tc ng c hc
Lm ni bt s vic
Thay cho nhng t t nht n iu. S T Duy cho php bn lm ni bt cc tng
trng tm bng vic s dng nhng mu sc, kch c, hnh nh a dng. Hn na, vic S
T Duy dng rt nhiu mu sc khin bn phi vn dng tr tng tng sng to y phong
ph ca mnh. Nhng y khng ch l mt bc tranh y mu sc sc s thng thng, S
T Duy gip bn to ra mt bc tranh mang l lun, lin kt cht ch v nhng g bn c
hc.

S T Duy s dng c 2 bn cu no cng 1 lc
Mt ln na, xin c nhn mnh rng: S T Duy tht s gip bn tn dng cc chc
nng ca no tri ln no phi khi hc. y chnh l cng c hc tp cn dng c sc mnh
ca c b no. Nu vn dng ng cch, n s hon ton gii phng nng lc tim n trong
bn, a bn ln 1 ng cp mi, ng cp ca mt ti nng thc th hay thm ch ca 1 thin
ti.
CC BC V S T DUY
By gi th bn hiu c sc mnh ca S T Duy, vy lm sao bn c th v c
S T Duy mt cch ti u nht? phn ny, ti s hng dn bn phng php v S
T Duy theo tng bc v cc quy tc trong cch v.
Nhm mc ch minh ha, gi s bn mun v mt S T Duy v chnh bn thn bn.
Gi s bn tn Nam, ch ca S T Duy s l Nam ,


BC 1: V ch trung tm
Bc u tin trong vic to ra mt S T Duy l v ch trung tm trn 1 mnh
giy (t nm ngang)

Trong v d ny, ch l Nam , nn b n c th v mt nh i din Nam
BC 2: V thm cc tiu ph
Bc tip theo l v thm cc tiu ph vo ch trung tm
Trong v d ny, chng ta c th v thm 4 tiu ph nh Tnh cch , Gia
nh , Tr ng hc , v Mc tiu .
BC 3: Trong tng tiu ph, v thm cc chnh v cc chi tit h tr
Trong v d ny, chng ta thm cc chnh vo cc tiu ph nh sau:
V d, trong tiu ph Tnh cch , bn chnh c thm vo l Rng ri , Hm
h nh , b ng bnh , Kin Quy t .
Mt iu quan trng cn nh l S T Duy khng phi dng tm tt mt chng sch.
S T Duy khng ch bao hm nhng chnh m cn cha ng tt c nhng chi tit h
tr quan trng khc. Thm cc chi tit h tr ph, bn s thy.
BC 4: bc cui cng ny, hy tr tng tng ca bn bay bng.
Bn c th thm nhiu hnh nh nhm gip cc quan trng thm ni bt, cng nh gip
lu chng vo tr nh ca bn tt hn.

CU TRC S T DUY
Mt cch in hnh, S T Duy c cu trc nh sau:
DNG CHY THNG TIN
Xin lu rng khng ging nh cch vit thng thng, S T Duy khng xut pht t
tri sang phi m t trn xung di theo kiu truyn thng.

Thay vo , S T Duy c v, vit v c theo hng bt ngun t trung tm di
chuyn ra pha ngoi v sau l theo chiu kim ng h. Do , bn s thy cc t ng nm
bn tri S T Duy nn c c t phi sang tri (bt u t pha trong di chuyn ra
ngoi). Cc mi tn xung quanh S T Duy bn di ch ra cch c thng tin trong s .
Cc s th t cng l mt cch hng dn khc.
Bn kt cu chnh 1,2,3,4 trong S T Duy pha trn c gi l nhnh chnh. S
T Duy ny c 4 nhnh chnh v n c 4 tiu u ph. S tiu ph l s nhnh chnh. ng
thi, cc nhnh chnh ca S T Duy c c theo chiu kim ng h, bt ngun t
nhnh 1 n nhnh 2, ri nhnh 3, v cui cng l nhnh 4. Bn hy tham kho cc mi tn
mu en trong hnh v.
Tuy nhin, cc t kha c vit v c theo hng t trn xung di trong cng mt
nhnh chnh. Bn hy tham kho cc mi tn mu xanh trong hnh v.
SC MNH CA S T DUY: BI TP THC HNH
By gi bn hiu cc bc c bn v cc quy tc trong vic pht trin S T Duy.
Sau y, bn s c hng dn qua 1 qu trnh ghi ch mt trang sch c bn thnh 1 S
T Duy n gin. Chng ta s dng ch Ba dng vt cht trong mt bi hc vt l.
Bng cch ny, ti s cho bn thy tc dng ca S T Duy trong vic gip bn tit kim
thi gi an, nh bi v hiu bi hiu qu hn.


Trc khi bt u tin trnh v S T Duy, ti mun th nghim s khc bit gia vic
hc t S T Duy so vi vic hc t cch ghi ch theo kiu truyn thng. Ngay by gi,
bn hy c on vn bn di v ch Ba dng vt cht theo cch bnh thng m bn
vn c (khng s dng cch c hiu qu).
BA DNG VT CHT
Cht Rn
Cc phn t dng rn c sp xp theo mt hnh dng nht nh v nm st nhau. Do
c rt t khong trng gia cc phn t nn cht rn khng th b nn li. cht rn, cc phn
t c c nh nh vo cc lc tng tc tc gi chng. Chnh v th, mi phn t cht rn
ch c th do ng xung quanh mt v tr c nh m thi.
Cc lc tng tc gia cc phn t cht rn bao gm lc ht v lc y. Lc ht ngn chn
vic cc phn t di chuyn 1 cch t do ra khi cc im c nh. Lc y ngn chn vic cc
phn t va vo nhau trong khi di chuyn. Cho nn, cht rn c hnh dng v khi lng c
nh.
Khi cht rn gp nhit , nng lng ca cc phn t tng ln gy ra s dao ng nhiu
hn. Do , khong cc gia cc phn t tgn ln lm cht rn b n ra.
Cht Lng
Cc phn t cht lng nm kh xa nhau so vi cht rn. Tuy nhin, chng vn nm gn
khin cho cht lng khng th b nn li. Cc lc tng tc gia cc phn t cht lng khng
mnh bng lc tng tc gia cc phn t cht rn. Kt qu l cc phn t cht lng c th di
chuyn xung quang cht lng mt cch t do. y l l do ti sao cht lng khng c hnh
dng c nh m c hnh dng ca nhng vt cha.
Tuy nhin, cht lng cng c khi lng c nh v cc lc ht gia cc phn t ngn chn
vic chng bay hi v thot ra khi cht lng .
Khi cht lng gp nhit , cc phn t dao ng v di chuyn mnh hn. iu ny gy ra
vic cc phn t di chuyn xa hn v cht lng kng b bay hn.
Cht Kh
Cc phn t cht kh rt xa nhau. Kt qu l c rt nhiu khong trng gia chng khin
cho cht kh c th b nn li.
Cc phn t cht kh dao ng ngu nhin vi tc rt cao, va vo nhau v vo cc thnh
bnh cha. Lc tng tc gia chng ch xut hin khi c va chm xy ra. Tuy nhin, lc
tng tc ny khng ng k trong hu ht thi gi an. Do , cht kh khng c hnh dng v
khi lng nht nh.
Bn c ht on vn trn cha? Tt. By gi, bn hy tr li cu hi sau y. Nn nh,
bn khng c xem li on vn va ri khi tr li cu hi.
Vit ra nhng bn nh c trong phn Cht Rn?
Bn cn bit bao nhiu thng tin v cht rn? C bao nhiu chnh trong ?
Bn cn phi tr li cc cu hi trc khi c tip. By gi, bn hy kim tra li cu tr li
ca bn vi on vn va ri. Bn c th vit c tt c cc trong bi khng? Bn vit c
bao nhiu chnh? Ti dm nh cc l bn khng vit .
Bt c lc no ti t cu hi ny trong hu ht mi kha hc, ti u nhn thy a s hc
sinh khng th lit k c tt c cc v Cht rn . H thng b l vi . Thm vo ,
cc cng khng c lin kt theo ng th t. L do l cch ghi ch theo kiu truyn thng
km hiu qu khin h rt kh sp xp v ghi nh thng tinh mt cch chnh xc. Trong khi
, ai cng bit rng trong cc k thi, chng ta cn phi tr li y tt c cc lin quan
c th t im trn vn cho mi cu hi.


V S T DUY V BA DNG VT CHT
By gi n lc chuyn Ba dng vt cht vo S T Duy. Bt u no!
BC 1: Cch c t kha hiu qu
Bc u tin l c li on vn ln na. Ln ny, bn hy tn dng phng php c
hiu qu m bn hc v thu thp thng tin bng cch nh du cc t kha. Bn di l v
d minh ha
Cht Rn
c rt t khong trng gia cc phn t nn cht rn khng th b nn li. cht rn, cc phn
t c c nh mt ch nh vo cc lc tng tc tc gi chng. Chnh v th, mi phn t
cht rn ch c th dao ng xung quanhmt v tr c nh m thi.
Cc lc tng tc gia cc phn t cht rn bao gm lc ht v lc y. Lc ht ngn
chn vic cc phn t di chuyn 1 cch t do ra khi cc im c nh. Lc y ngn chn vic
ccphn t va vo nhau trong khi di chuyn. Cho nn, cht rn c hnh dng v khi lng c
nh.
hn. Do , khong cch gia cc phn t tng ln lm cht rn b n ra.
BC 2: V ch trung tm
Nh bn va c hc, vic u tin l v ch chnh gia trang giy (t nm ngang).

BC 3: Thm cc tiu ph
K tip, thm cc tiu ph vo trung tm. Trong trng hp ny, chng ta thm Cht
r n vo trung tm. Tt nht nn pht trin ton b trong mt ch trc khi v tip cc
ch tip theo nh Cht lng v Cht kh . Vic ny gip bn canh khong trng tt
hn v cc nhnh thng tin khng b ln ln vo nhau.

BC 4: Thm cc chnh v chi tit h tr
Bn c sn cc t kha c nh du trong on vn, hy bt u thm cc chnh v
chi tit h tr vo tiu ph u tin Cht rn . Xin nhc li, bn nn pht trin y
Cht rn trc khi thm cc v chi tit khc vo Cht lng v Cht kh .
on vn u tin:
c rt t khong trng gia cc phn t nn cht rn khng th b nn li . cht rn, cc phn
t c c nh mt ch nh vo cc lc tng tc tc gi chng. Chnh v th, mi phn t
cht rn ch c th dao ng xung quanhmt v tr c nh m thi.
on vn ny c th c chuyn vo s t duy nh sau.

Bn c th thy ton b on vn ny da vo chnh phn t v c 3 ph. ng
thi, bn cng c rt nhiu hnh nh c thm vo nhm gip bn s nh thng tin.
on vn th hai:
chn vic cc phn t di chuyn 1 cch t do ra khi cc im c nh. Lc y ngn chn vic
ccphn t va vo nhau trong khi di chuyn. Cho nn, cht rn c hnh dng v khi lng c
nh.


on vn th 2 da vo chnh khc l lc tng tc . Do , chng ta c th to mt
nhnh mi cho chnh ny. ng thi lc tng tc c hai ph. Cc ny c th c
thm vo S T Duy nh sau:

Sau khi v cc chnh, ph v chi tit h tr t phn Cht rn vo S T Duy,
chng ta s c hnh v sau y:

S KHC BIT GI S T DUY V GHI NH KIU TRUYN THNG
Trc khi tip tc v hon tt 2 tiu ph Cht lng , Cht kh v ton b S
TDuy, chng ta hy cng xem xt cc tc dng hu ch ca S T Duy i vi chng ta.
Hy cng so snh cch ghi ch kiu truyn thng v S T Duy trong phn v u tin v
Cht rn .
ng th! S T Duy gip bn tit kim thi gi an
Phng php ghi ch kiu truyn thng
Cht Rn
Cc phn t dng rn c sp xp theo mt hnh dng nht nh v nm st nhau.
Do c rt t khong trng gia cc phn t nn cht rn khng th b nn li. cht rn,
cc phn t c c nh nh vo cc lc tng tc tc gi chng. Chnh v th, mi phn t
cht rn ch c th do ng xung quanh mt v tr c nh m thi.
chn vic cc phn t di chuyn 1 cch t do ra khi cc im c nh. Lc y ngn chn
vic cc phn t va vo nhau trong khi di chuyn. Cho nn, cht rn c hnh dng v khi
lng c nh.
hn. Do , khong cc gia cc phn t tng ln lm cht rn b n ra.
Phng php ghi ch bng S T Duy

Nu bn m s t trong phn Cht rn , c tng cng 185 t bn phi c trong ghi
ch kiu truyn thng. Tuy nhin, chng ta gim s t ny xung cn khong 20 t trong
S T Duy. iu quan trng nht y l chng ta khng ch lu li c tt c nhng
thng tin quan trng m cn lin kt chng li vi nhau mt cch r rng, hp l. Bn gim
uc 60-80% thi gi an hc ca bn mt cch hiu qu.
ng th! S T Duy gip bn nh bi
By gi, chng ta hy cng xem xt liu S T Duy c gip bn nh tt c thng tin tt
hn khng. Bn hy nghin cu tht k S T Duy pha trn. Bn c th thy trong S
T Duy ny, phn Cht rn c 4 chnh bn cn phi nh: Phn t , lc tng
tc , hnh dng v khi l ng c nh , v gp nhit .
phn phn t , c 3 ph v cc chi ti t h tr: hnh d ng nht nh , st nhau
v v tr c nh .
phn lc tng tc , c 2 ph v cc chi ti t h tr: ht v y , vn vn v
vn vn.
Bng cch c S T Duy nh th, bn c th thy tt c thng tin c sp xp theo
tng nhm c h thng. Cng vi nhng hnh nh ni bt v nhng nguyn tc ca Tr Nh


Siu ng, bn c th ghi nh tt c cc . By gi, bn hy c li ton b S T Duy
theo cch trn trc khi tip tc c phn k tip.
Tip theo, bn hy tr li li nhng cu hi trc v phn Cht rn m khng cn xem
li on vn hoc S T Duy.
BI KIM TRA TH 2 V NHNG THNG TIN BN NH C
Vit ra nhng bn nh c trong phn Cht Rn?
Bn cn bit bao nhiu thng tin v cht rn? C bao nhiu chnh trong ?
Nu bn tri nghim qu trnh v v c S T Duy bn trn, bn c th d dng
vit ra c nhng chnh, ph v cc chi tit h tr. Bn cng c th nh ngay lp tc c 4
chnh bn cn bit trong phn Cht rn . l phn t , lc tng tc , hnh dng
v khi lng c nh v nhng g s xy ra nu cht rn gp nhit .
HON TT S T DUY
No, by gi bn hy chun b bt mu v sn sng! n lc bn bt u v S
T Duy. Bn hy v hon tt S T Duy v ch Ba dng vt cht . Bn nn bit mt
iu quan trng l c nhiu cch sp xp thng tin trong S T Duy. Khng c cch no
tt hn cch no min l bn sp xp thng tin theo 1 h thng bn cm thy hp l, d nh
i vi bn. Trong tiu ph v Cht rn , bn c th v theo cch ca ti hoc c th
sng to cch ca ting bn.
Bn c th tham kho mt v d minh ha v S T Duy cui chng
BN SN SNG V S T DUY CA RING BN CHA?
n lc ny, bn nm vng c cc bc to ra 1 S T Duy. Sau y l mt v d
thc hnh khc nhm gip bn thnh tho hn trong vic v S T Duy trc khi sang
chng tip theo.
u tin, bn hy s dng phng php c hiu qu c 1 trch on t sch a l bn
di v thu thp cc t kha. K tip, chun b tt c vt liu cn thit v S T Duy.
- Mt hoc 2 trang giy trng c A4 hoc ln hn.
- Mt b bt mu. Nn chn loi bt c u nhn.
CC LOI S T DUY
C 3 loi S T Duy c bn nhm gip bn sp xp kin thc v hc tp mt cch hiu
qu.
S T Duy theo cng
Dng u tin l S T Duy theo Cng (cn gi l S T Duy Tng Qut).
Dng ny c to ra da trn bng mc lc trong sch.
Dng S T Duy ny mang li mt ci nhn tng qut v ton b mn hc. Nhng S
T Duy theo cng khng l v cc mn hc dn trn tng s rt hu ch cho bn.
Chng gip bn c khi nim v s lng kin thc m bn phi chun b cho k thi. Bn nn
to S T Duy theo cng cho mi mn hc. Hnh v bn di l 1 S T Duy theo
Cng dnh cho mn vt l cp 2 (Sin ga pore).

S T Duy theo chng
K tip, bn phi v S T Duy cho tng chng sch ring bit. i vi cc chng
ngn khong 10-12 trang, bn c th tp trung tt c thng tin trn mt trang S T Duy.
i vi nhng chng di khong 20 trang tr ln, bn c th cn n 2-3 trang S
T Duy. Cho nn, gi s bn ang v S T Duy v chng Vt cht , bn c th nh
du trang S T Duy ca bn l Vt cht 1 , Vt cht 2 , vn vn.


Mt iu quan trng na bn nn nh rng 1 S T Duy l tng khng nn ch lu li
nhng chnh m cn phi th hin y tt c cc chi tit h tr quan trng khc.
Bn c th km thm cc bng d liu, th v cc loi biu khc trong S T Duy
nu cn thit. Hnh v bn di l mt v d v S T Duy theo Chng ca ch Tc
, vn tc v gia t c trong vt l .

S T Duy theo on vn.
Mt cch khc l v S T Duy theo tng on vn nh trong sch. Mi S
T Duy dng tm tt mt on vn hoc mt trch on trong sch.
S T Duy theo on vn gip bn tit kim thi gi an n li nhng thng tin cn thit
m khng cn c li on vn . Bn c th v nhng S T Duy t hon ny ln nhng
nhn dn v dnh chng trong sch gio kha ca bn.

CHNG 8: TR NH SIU NG
C PHI TR NH ANG KM HM BN
Mt trong nhng l do hc sinh thng dng bin minh cho vic hc km ca mnh l
do h c tr nh km. Tht vy, nhiu hc sinh hiu bi cn k v c kh nng tr li cc cu
hi trong bi thi, nhng u c h c trng rng mi khi hc phi lm bi trong mt khong
thi gi an gii hn. Kt qu l im s m h t c khng phn nh kh nng tht s ca
h.
May mn thay, hin nay, nhiu h thng gio dc trn TG (bao gm c Vit Nam)
ang dn t b vic ra bi thi hon ton da trn vic hc thuc lng, chuyn sang vic ra
bi thi thin v nh gi kh nng suy ngh, p dng kin thc ca hc sinh nhiu hn. Tuy
nhin, vic ra bi thi thin v phn tch v p dng kin thc nhiu hn khng h lm gim
tm quan trng ca tr nh. L do l v trc khi bn c th lp lun p dng kin thc, bn
vn phi nh nhng kin thc c bn m bn hc.
Thng thng, nhng k thi m cho php hc sinh c mang theo sch v ti liu vo
phng thi em li cm gic t tin gi to cho th sinh. Hu ht th sinh u ngh rng trong cc
k thi m nh th, h khng cn phi nh bi v h c th xem li cc d kin trong phng
thi. Tic thay, trn thc t, bn khng c thi gi an lm vic . Kh nng nh c kin
thc m khng cn phi m sch sch tr nn ht sc quan trng v th.
NNG KHIU V TR NH
Nhiu hc sinh c ngh sai lm rng kh nng ghi nh tt l nng khiu hoc ti nng m
mt s ngi c, mt s ngi khng. Nhng ngi ngh h khng c tr nh tt t b vic c
gng nh y thng tin v h ngh rng h s qun ht chng. Hu qu chc chn l vic c
tr nh km nghim nhin tr thnh l do m h dng bin h cho tht bi. C nh th, h
s lun lun nhn lnh nhng kt qu km.

BN CNG C TH C TR NH SIU NG
iu u tin m bn phi hiu l khng h tn ti tr nh tt hay tr nh km, m ch
tn ti tr nh c rn luyn v tr nh khng c rn luyn. Theo chuyn gia tr nh Har ry
Lo rayne, nhng ngi c kh nng nh thng tin phi thng khng h c b no khc bit vi


chng ta. Thay vo , h s hu nhng k thut tn dng c tr nh ca h. Bi th, xin
nh rng tr nh khng phi l mt nng khiu. Mi ngi trong chng ta u s hu 1 tr nh
phi thng t nhin m chng ta ch cn hc cch tn dng n. Trc ht, chng ta hy cng
tm hiu v 2 khi nim: s ghi nh v s hi tng.

S GHI NH HON HO V S HI TNG KHNG HON HO
Tr nh bao gm s ghi nh (lu tr thng tin) v s hi tng (tm li thng tin).. s ghi
nh lin quan n vic lu tr thng tin chng ta nhn c t b no. S hi tng lin quan
n kh nng tm li thng tin khi cn thit.
Ngy cng c nhiu bng chng khoa hc cho thy kh nng lu tr thng tin ca chng ta
l hon ho v khng b hao mn theo thi gi an. iu ny c ngha l mi t ng, mi hnh
nh, mi m thanh bn lu vo tr nh t khi sinh ra c lu gi hon ho nguyn vn mt
ni no trong b no ca bn. Vn ch kh nng hi tng ca chng ta khng hon
ho. Chnh v th, chng ta khng th no nh li (hay tm li) trong b no tt c nhng thng
tin chng ta cn mt cch d dng.
TR NH V TH VIN

Nu chng ta c th lu tr c mi th, ti sao chng ta khng th no nh li c tt
c nhng thng tin mt cch hiu qu? hiu c iu ny, bn nn bit rng tr nh ca
bn ging nh mt thvin s cha ng mt khi lng thng tin khng l trong hng
trm ngn quyn sch.
Nu ti yu cu bn phi tm 1 quyn sch trong 1 th vin no , bn s c th tm c
d dng bng vic s dng h thng ch mc sch ca th vin v nhng quyn sch c phn
loi theo cc mc nh ch , tn tc gi, nm xut bn Nhng hy tng tng, nu tt c
cc quyn sch nm ln xn khp ni trong th vin v khng h c ch mc no tm kim,
bn c th mt hng thng tm ra 1 quyn sch. Thm ch, c th bn chng bao gi tm
c quyn sch bn cn. Vy , kh nng tm li thng tin trong no b ca bn cng phi
lm vic tng t nh vy. l l do ti sao khng t ln trong qua kh, bn bt gp bn thn
khng nh ni mt vn khi cn, nhng li cht nh ra n vo lc khc.
Hu ht thi gi an, chng ta thu nhn thng tin mt cch c thc v khng c thc.
Th nhng, nhng thng tin y khng c lu tr theo th t ngn np d dng tm li
sau ny. Do , chng ta cm thy kh khn trong vic hi tng li thng tin mc d thng
tin c lu tr trong no b chng ta. Mt trong nhng b quyt pht huy tr nh l pht
trin mt h thng mc lc thng tin trong no b. H thng ny s gip bn nh li kin thc
1 cch nhanh chng khi cn.
NH NGHA TR NH
Tr nh c to thnh bng cch lin kt tng mng thng tin vi nhau. Ni mt cch c
th hn, vic ghi nh mt thng tin mi ch n gin l lin kt thng tin mi vi 1 thng
tin khc chng ta bit trc .

i vi a s nhng ngi cha c rn luyn k thut v tr nh, qu trnh lin kt
thng tin ny ch n thun thuc v tim thc. Tim thc ca chng ta i khi to ra nhng
lin kt bn vng, nhng thng th n ch to ra nhng lin kt yu t. Khi c s lin kt bn
vng, chng ta cm thy d dng nh li thng tin.
CC NGUYN TC C BN CA TR NH


Bn c th k ra rt nhiu v d v vic bn qun 1 s vic mi xy ra gn y nh bn va
n g sng nay. Tuy nhin, bn li c th nh rt r hoc khng bao gi qun c mt s
chuyn xy ra t nhiu nm v trc. Thm ch , bn c th nh nh in nhng s kin y mt
cch r rng, sng ng vi y hnh nh, cm gic v m thanh i km vi n. Nhng s
vic ny c th rt khng khip hoc c bit ng nh i vi bn, nh mt chuyn bay xa
hoc ln u hn h ca bn. iu ng bun ci l khi bn cng c qun nhng s vic ,
bn cng nh chng r hn.
Nhng ti sao bn li c kh nng nh ngay lp tc mt vic no hoc qun ngay 1 vic
khc? Mi ngi chng ta ch c 1 b no, v r rng chng ta cng 1 b no trong mi hon
cnh. S khc bit nm trng thi no ca chng ta. Nu no chng ta ang trong trng thi
Tr Nh Siu ng, cc nguyn tc ca tr nh v tnh c vn dng lc y gip chng ta nh
c s vic 1 cch lu di. Mt khi bn hiu c cc nguyn tc ny, bn c th ch
ng p dng chng mi lc mi ni, v s c th tn dng c tr nh phi thng ca bn
theo mun.
Nghin cu nhng ngi c tr nh phi thng, cc nh khoa hc khm ph ra tr nh
ca hc cng hot ng theo cc nguyn tc tng t. Nhng nguyn tc c bn nht ca Tr
Nh Siu ng c lit k di y.
S HNH DUNG

S hnh dung l 1 trong 2 nguyn tc quan trng nht ca Tr Nh Siu ng. Tr nh ca
chng ta c khuynh hng nh hnh hn nh t. Hnh nh trong tm tr ta cng r rng sng
ng bao nhiu, chng ta cng nh v hnh nh by nhiu. L do khin a s hc sinh qun
kin thc nhanh chng l v h c gng ghi nh t ng trong khi tr nh li lm vic theo hnh
nh. B quyt nm ch ta phi bit cch chuyn kin thc thnh hnh nh lu vo no b 1
cch d dng. Trong k thi, chng ta s nh li nhng hnh nh v chuyn chng thnh cc
cu tr li hp l.
S LIN TNG
Nguyn tc quan trng th 2 ca Tr Nh Siu ng l s lin tng, ngha l to ra mi
lin kt gia nhng s vic chng ta cn nh. Cc lin kt ny s to ra mt mc lc di dng
chui lin kt trong u, gip chng ta d dng tm li thng tin. Lin kt nhng hnh nh
(hnh dung kt hp vi lin tng) trong tm tr chng ta l mt qu trnh ht sc quan trng
ca Tr Nh Siu ng.

LM NI BT S VIC
Nu ti hi bn n tra nhng g hoc bn i nhng mn g trong ln sinh nht nm
ngoi ca bn, bn c th nh c khng? Ti ngh l khng!. Hy gi s vo ln sinh nht
nm ngoi, bn b bn b buc phi n mn gin rang gin th sao? By gi bn cn nh v
iu khng? D nhin l bn cn nh ch. Tht ra, ti dm c rng bn s nh mi vic ny
cho n khi bn 80 tui. Bn thy khng, no b c khuynh hng ghi nh nhng s kin ni
bt. Mt trong nhng cch tt nht lm ni bt s vic l s dng cc chi tit hi hc v
cc chi tit v l.
Chng ta kh m nh ni nhng g chng ta hc l v cch ghi ch kiu truyn thng
rt nht nho, n iu. Chng ta s tng cng c sc mnh ca tr nh bng cch to ra
nhng ghi ch lm ni bt thng tin. Chng ta c khuynh hng ghi nh nhng s vic bun
ci, khc thng.


S TNG TNG
Chng ta thng hay nh c nhng s vic m chng ta t tng tng ra. c bit l
khi chng ta dng nhiu ci quan tng tng n gin hnh dng mt tri chui nh th
no, chng ta nn tng tng thm v v ngt, mi hng ca tri chui . Chng ta nn
dng tr tng tng to cm xc mnh m. Nguyn nhn l v chng ta c khuynh hng
ghi nh nhng s vic to cm xc mnh m nh lo s, hnh phc, gin d, yu thng, au
n
MU SC

Mu sc cng l mt tc ng tr nh mnh m. l l do ti sao chng ta nn dng nhiu
mu sc ghi ch. Mu sc c th tng cng tr nh ca chng ta ln 50%.
M IU
m iu gip chng ta tng kh nng nh li thng tin v m iu kch thch bn cu no
phi, bn cu m thng b b qun khi chng ta hc tp. V d, bn c bao gi t hi ti sao
mnh c th thuc li bi ht d dng hn nhiu so vi vic phi nh cng mt s lng t
trong sch lch s khng? Bn c t hi l ti sao n by gi bn vn cn nh c nhng bi
ht hc t mu gio khng? Chng ta c th s dng m iu trong hc tp bng cch bt nhc
trong lc hc hoc to ra nhng m iu ring cho nhng thng tin chng ta cn ghi nh.
TH CHNH LUN
Cui cng, chnh th chnh lun cng gip bn ghi nh thng tin. Th chnh lun l vic
hc bng cch nhn s vic trong mt bc tranh tng qut. Vic phn tch cc mi lin kt ca
thng tin vo cc khi nim tng qut s gip bn ghi nh tt hn l hc tng chi tit ring
bit.
H THNG TR NH
H thng tr nh l tp hp cc k thut gip bn to ra nhng lin kt bn vng gia
thng tin mi m bn mun ghi nh v nhng thng tin c bn bit trc . Cc h thng
tr nh khc nhau c thit k gip bn ghi nh cc loi thng tin khc nhau. Hai h thng
tr nh ph bin nht l H Thng Lin Kt gip nh t ng (chng hin ti) v H Thng S
gip bn nh s (Chng 9).
H THNG LIN KT
H thng ny dng lm g?
H thng ny dng ghi nh mt danh sch cc t hoc cc chnh. H thng ny
c bit hiu qu trong vic hc nhng mn nhiu d liu kh nh nh vt l, lch s, vn hc,
a l.
Tin trnh H Thng Lin Kt l vic s dng tr tng tng kt hp hnh nh vo
thng tin m bn mun ghi nh. Trong qu trnh tng tng, bn s s dng mu sc, s
chuyn ng, cc chi tit i nghch, hi hc cng tt c nhng nguyn tc v Tr Nh Siu
ng. Do , H thng Lin Kt gm c 2 bc: s hnh dung v s lin tng.
S Hnh Dung
u tin l to ra hnh nh v nhng t ng hoc vn bn mun ghi nh. Mi hnh
nh c th sng ng s tng ng vi mt t ng hoc mt s kin. V d, nu bn cn nh
t xe hi , bn nn tng tng trong tm tr nhng hnh nh mt chic xe c th. Tng
tng mu sc, hnh dng, thng hiu, thit k v tt c nhng nt c trng khc ca chic
xe. Nu bn cn ghi nh mt danh sch mi t, hy to ra mi hnh nh trong tm tr bn.
S Lin Tng


Bc tip theo l lin kt tt c cc hnh nh li vi nhau to thnh mt cu chuyn. Cu
chuyn ny rt quan trng v n gip s lin tng tr nn mnh m. Cch thc to ra cu
chuyn l phi dng tt c cc nguyn tc ca Tr Nh Siu ng. Trong cu chuyn ca bn,
bn nn s dng nhiu chuyn ng, nhiu mu sc, m iu. iu quan trng nht l cu
chuyn ca bn phi nghch l, hi hc v ng nh.
MT V D N GIN: GHI DANH SCH NHNG TH CN MUA SM.
By gi chng ta hy ly mt v d n gin l lm th no s dng H Thng Lin kt
trong vic ghi nh mt danh sch gm 12 th cn mua sm. Gi s danh sch nhng th cn
mua sm ca bn bao gm:
1. Trng
2. Tht b
3. Na v Mung
4. o tm
5. Nc hoa
6. Chui
7. Ly
8. Nc cam
9. X bng
10. Bn chi nh rng
11.Sn
12. Nc sn mng tay
S dng h Thng Lin Kt, bn hy hnh dung cnh bn ang cm trn tay 1 qu
trng trn lng nng hi khi i ra khi nh. Say sa vi cm gic trn lng ca v trng, bn
v tnh lm hng 1 l nh trn qu trng. T trong bt ng hin ra mt ci u b c 2
sng. Sng tri c hnh 1 chic mung, sng phi c hnh dng 1 chic na. Bn tnh c lc
mnh chic na lm chic na m mnh vo mt c gi ang mc b o tm chm bi nng nc
mi nc hoa. B m au bt ng, c gi lm rt tri chui ang cm trn tay xung sn.
Khng kp nhn thy, bn b trt v chui v t sm vo 1 hng ly thy tinh ch y nc
cam. Mt sn b vy d v ng ch ra lnh bn phi lau chi sn sch s vi x bng nhng li
phi dng bn chi nh rng ch. Khi bn ch sn, bn li v tnh lm trc vch sn
trn sn. Lo lng, bn tm cch che lp vt trc bng nc sn mng tay mu .

By gi, nu bn hnh dung li cu chuyn v l v khi hi trn, bn s nh li danh sch
nhng th cn mua sm d dng.
Bn nh c bao nhiu th? C th b l mt hoc 2 th, nhng ti chc chn rng bn
s nh li c nhiu hn lc bnh thng. Nu bn vn qun nhiu th, th c ngha l bn
khng to ra c nhng hnh nh r rng trong tm tr bn v cu chuyn.
Mt ln na xin nhn mnh, iu quan trng nht l bn phi s dng cc nguyn tc
ca Tr Nh Siu ng to ra mi lin kt bn vng gia cc hnh nh. Nu bn cm thy
mnh khng th nh ni, l v nhng lin kt m bn to ra khng s chuyn ng,
khng nghch l, khng hi hc v n tng.
TNG TNG NHNG T TRU TNG
Hu ht cc mn hc thng c rt nhiu t ng tru tng khin bn cm thy khng th
hnh dung c. Trong nhng trng hp ny, bn phi chuyn ha nhng t tru tng thnh
hnh nh thng qua qu trnh m t tng trng. Sau , bn mi c th dng H Thng Lin


Kt kt hp cc t li vi nhau. C 2 cch thc bn c th dng l K Thut m Thanh
Tng T v K Thut Gi Nh.

K Thut m Thanh Tng T
nh c 1 t tru tng, bn phi chia t ny thnh nhiu m tit. Sau , bn s dng
1 hay nhiu t thay th c cch pht m tng t nh m tit . T thay th phi l t d hnh
dung.
V d, hp cht ha hc chlo tine (clo-rin) rt tru tng nhng n c th c thay
th b t lo-ring c m iu gn ging nh t chlo rine . Do , chng ta c th tng
tng trong tm tr hnh nh ngi n ng ang lo lng khng bit lm cch no x c 1
qu su ring rt ln. Hnh nh mng tng ny s nhc chng ta v cht chlo rine

Cn t phos pho rus th sao? C th dng t thay th no khc c m tng t
nh phos pho rus ? t ny c th c chia ra lm 3 m tit : pht , pho , rt nn
c m iu na n nh l pht ph r t . Do , bn c th hnh dung mt chic l thu vng
mong manh pht ph bay theo gi sau khi rt xung t mt nhnh cy.

Nhng mn hc nh lch s, vn hc, a l him khi cn ti vic dng cc t thay th
hc, v hu ht cc s kin u xc thc v d hnh dung. Bn ch cn n nhng t thay th
trong cc mn hc ny.khi phi nh tn gi v a im.

V d: Bn phi ghi nh vic Napoleon b nh bi trong trn chin Wa ter loo. Tn
napoleon c th c chua thnh cc m tit na , po , le , ng . Vy th bn c
th hnh dung Napoleon nh mt ng gi tay phi cm qu na, u i qu b, tay tri cm qu
l. Wa ter loo (a im) c th c chia thnh hai m tit Wa ter v loo . ghi nh,
bn c th hnh dung mt ci lu (loo) nc (wa ter)
nh rng Napoleon b nh bi trong trn chin Wa ter loo, ch cn n gin lin kt 2
hnh nh trn li vi nhau trong mt cu chuyn nghch l. Bn c th tng tng hnh nh
mt ng gi tay tri cm qu na, u i qu b, tay phi cm qu l b ri tm vo lu nc.
K THUT GI NH
K thut ny c dng khi bn khng th tm mt t c m iu tng t thay th. Ni
mt cch n gin, k thut ny lin qaun n vic hnh dung ti mt hnh nh trong tm tr
khin bn ngh n t tru tng cn nh. Hnh nh ny c tnh cht ch quan v nhng ngi
khc nhau c th ngh n nhng hnh nh khc nhau. Nhng bn nn gi vng hnh nh ring
ca bn.
V d, bn ngh n hnh nh g u tin khi nghe t chnh tr ?Bn c th ngh n
hnh nh tng thng M Bush hoc hnh nh nhng ngi trong Ngh vin. Hnh nh cng c
th cng tt. T nhm th sao? T nhm thng khin ta ngh n hnh nh cun
gi y nhm . Th cn t dn s ? T ny c khin bn ngh n nhng a tr mi sinh,
nhng ni ngi t tp ng c v nhng ngi n t cc nc khc nhau khng.
Khi dng K Thut Gi Nh, bn nn s dng hnh nh m bn ngh n u tin
P DNG H THNG LIN KT


By gi, chng ta hy cng tho lun mt s v d p dng H Thng Lin Kt ghi nh
cc d kin di y.
CH 1 : VT L S CP
Trong v d u tin, chng ta hy cng tho lun mt th tht n gin. Gi s bn mun
ghi nh nhng c tnh cn c ca mt dng c o nhit hiu qu.
Mt dng c o nhit hiu qu cn c cc c tnh sau y
1. D c nhit
2. S dng an ton
3. Khng t
4. Nhy vi s thay i nhit
5. C phm vi o nhit ln
Xc nh t kha
iu u tin chng ta cn lm l xc nh t kha trong mi c tnh lit k pha trn. Xin
nh rng, khng phi tt c cc t u quan trng nh nhau. Do , chng ta ch cn ghi nh
mt hay hai t kha c tc dng gip chng ta nh li ton b ngha ca tng c tnh.
Nhng t kha c gch di bn trn.
Hnh dung
Bc tip theo l to 1 hnh nh cho dng c o nhit , v tng hnh nh cho mi c
tnh k trn. Xin nh rng nu c tnh c ngha tru tng, chng ta phi dng K Thut
m Thanh Tng T hoc K Thut Gi Nh to hnh nh tng t.
Vic u tin l chng ta cn hnh dung ch chnh, dng c o nhit . Hy tng
tng trong tm tr bn hnh nh 1 dng c o nhit khng l bng thy tinh vi mt bng
n thy ngn u v cc gch o nhit mu en dc theo thn.
By gi, chng ta hy to ra cc hnh nh cho tt c 5 c tnh. c tnh u tin l
d c . Vy th bn c th hnh dung 1 ngi ang c 1 quyn sch mu xanh dy rt
nhanh, lt ti lt lui cc trang sch.

T kha tip theo l t an ton . V bn khng th hnh dung c t an ton , chng
ta s dng K Thut m Thanh Tng T. hnh dung t an ton , bn c th ngh n
hnh nh 1 ci t an ton ln mu en, bng kim loi vi 1 kha to tng.
Vi t kha khng t tip theo, chng ta s dng K Thut Gi Nh (t hi mnh
xem bn ngh n g u tin) to hnh nh i din cho t kha ny. Trong trng hp ny,
bn c th tng tng n 1 ti ng ton tin xu loi 500 ng i din cho t
khng t .

T kha tip theo l t nhy . Mt ln na, s dng K Thut Gi Nh, chng ta c th
hnh dung cnh 1 c gi ang khc v c y cc k nhy cm.

V t kha cui cng phm vi ln , chng ta c th s dng K Thut Gi Nh hnh
dung 1 phm vi bn sng cc ln.

Lin tng


Sau khi to ra cc hnh nh cho tng , chng ta c th lin kt chng li vi nhau to 1
cu chuyn nghch l vi nhiu chuyn ng, hi hc, nhiu mu sc tn dng cc nguyn
tc khc ca Tr Nh Siu ng.
V d: Bn hnh dung c 1 dng c o nhit khng l bng thy tinh c bng n thy
ngn v cc gch en trn thn o.

L lng thay, n c th hot ng nh mt con ngi. Dng c o nhit ny ang c 1
quyn sch dy mu xanh, lt qua lt li cc trang rt nhanh (nhc bn nh ti c tnh d
c ). Bt ng, n tm thy gia cc trang sch 1 t st an ton bng kim loi vi 1 kha to
tng (nhc bn nh ti c tnh an ton ). N ho hng m t st ra nhng li ch thy
1 ti nh ng ton tin xu loi 500 ng (nh t khng t ). Tht vng, dng c o
nhit bt u khc (nh n nhy ). Nhng git nc mt ca n ri vo phm vi tp
bn ca 1 siu x th v b bn v tung te ( nh n phm vi ln ).
KIM TRA TR NH
Hnh dung cu chuyn ny trong tm tr v th kim tra tr nh ca bn. T cu chuyn
ny, bn c th nh li 5 c tnh ca dng c o nhit khng?

CH 2: LCH S SIN GA PORE
Gi s bn phi ghi nh by nh hng t s chim ng ca Nht ln Sin ga
pore nh trnh by di y:
Nhng nh hng t s chim ng ca Nht
1. Khng c lut php v trt t
2. Xy ra xung t dn tc v bo ng
3. ng M Lai ra i
4. Ri lon x hi v cng ng
5. Nhng vn kinh t
6. Nhu cu v cao su M Lai gim
7. Uy tn ca Anh Quc gim
Cc t kha c gnh di nhm gip bn nh c cc .
Nguyn tc vn nh c: xc nh t kha trong mi chnh, to hnh nh tng trng v
lin tng cc hnh nh trong mi cu chuyn ni bt. Xc nh t kha v hnh dung
Xin nh rng bn ch cn chn 1 hay 2 t kha nh li tng . Nhng t kha bn cn
hnh dung c gch di bn trn.
Lin tng
By gi chng ta s kt hp tt c nhng hnh nh li to thnh 1 cu chuyn nghch l,
hi hc.
V d, bn c th hnh dung 1 ng ngi Nht mp ang i kim vic (nh ti nh hng
t s chim ng ca Nht ). Cui cng, ng ta tm c vic lm lut s v x hi ang hi
lon (nh ti lut php ). L lut s, ng ta phi bo cha cho 1 ch nga phm ti phn
bit chng tc ( nhi ti xung t dn tc ). Ch ca con nga ny l 1 thnh vin trong
ng M Lai (nh ti ng M lai ). Bt thnh lnh, ch nga nh rm hi thi n mc
khin cho mi ngi hn lon (nh ti ri lon x h i ) v lm sp cc ta nh vn phng
l n ( vn kinh t ). Hng ngn qu bng cao su t trn ta nh rt xung ( nhu cu cao
su gi m ) v trng vo 1 ngi Anh lm ng ta b t ( uy tn Anh Quc gim ).



Kim tra tr nh
By gi, sau khi hon tt bi thc hnh bng vic p dng H Thng Lin Kt, bn hy
vit ra by nh hng t s chim ng ca Nht.
CH U 3: KINH T HC C BN
y l 1 mn hc ph bin khi vo i hc. Chng ta hy cng dnh cht thi gi an trong
phn ny. Gi s bn phi ghi nh tt c cc yu t nh hng n nhu cu v s lng ca 1
mt hng. Cc yu t ny l:
1. Gi c mt hng
2. Gi c ca nhng mt hng lin quan khc.
3. Th hiu
4. Phn b thu nhp
5. Dn s
nh c cc yu t ny, hy tng tng nhu cu v s lng nh mt a tr
ang khc vi m n bnh ngt. Chiu con, ngi m i n 1 tim tp ha nhng thy rng
gi bnh qu t ( gi c ). Cho nn, b ta mua ko scla vi gi r hn ( gi c mt hng
lin quan ). a tr n ko v cm thy thch hn c bnh ngt ( th hiu ). a tr ho
hng n mc n v tnh lm bnh mc ln thm. Vt d loang ra ton b thm ( phn b
thu nh p ). Mc trn ra thm thnh tng vt (m thanh lm nh n t dn s ). Hy
tng tng hnh nh trong tm tr v kim tra tr nh ca bn sau .
CH 4: A L S CP
Gi s bn ang hc mn a l v phi nh cc thng tin v bo tn t trng nh sau:
C 6 cch bo tn t trng
1. Cy rung bc thang
2. p i cao
3. p b
4. Lun canh
5. Gt ti
6. Bi p t trng bng phn bn.
Mt ln na, lm theo cc bc xc nh t kha (gch di) nhm gip bn nh li cc ,
to hnh nh tng trng v kt hp chng thnh cu chuyn.
y l 1 trong cc phng phng php bo tn t trng d dng. Hy tng tng cc
mu t trng ang truyn tai nhau v vic bo tn thin nhin (nhc bn v vic bo tn t
trng ). Sau khi nghe v cnh p bn ngoi nhng ngn i xanh r (nh n t p i )
v i d o dc cc b bin (nh n t p b ). Vo ban m, chng thay phin canh cho
nhau ng (nh n t lun canh ). Mt m n, 1 ngn gi ln c c tc mt qun o ca
chng (nh n t gt ti ). Qu xu h, chng ly cy trng lm qun o nhng li b
phn lm vy bn (nh t phn bn )

NM BC GHI NH
Bn thy vic ghi nh 1 danh sch cc chnh rt d dng. Ni 1 cch ngn gn, bn
nn tun th 5 bc c bn di y t kt qu tt nht.



1. Xc nh t kha nhm gip bn nh tng chnh, thm ch nh c ch
2. Chuyn t kha thnh hnh nh tng trng.
3. Kt hp tt c cc hnh nh thnh mt cu chuyn ht sc nghch l v hi hc.
4. V li din bin ca cu chuyn ra giy.
5. n li cc hnh nhh ca cu chuyn t nht ba ln.

Khi thc hnh nhiu, bn s khm ph ra H Thng Lin Kt l 1 cng c hu hiu trong
hc tp. N gip ghi khc cc s vic vo no b chng ta v nh vy bn lu tr thng tin
nhanh hn v lu di hn, thay v bn phi nhai i nhai li nhng kin thc kh khan nhiu
ln. H thng ny cng gip vic hc tr nn th v hn.

NG DNG NNG CAO CA K THUT M THANH TNG T: HC T
VNG (NGOI NG)
K thut ny c bit c ch trong vic gip bn hc ngoi ng (v d Ting Anh) hoc hc
1 mn hc i hi bn phi nh nh ngha ca nhiu t phc tp.
tng
S dng K Thut m Thanh Tng T tm 1 hoc vi t thay th c cch pht m
ging vi 1 t tru tng m bn mun hc. T thay th ny nn l t d hnh dung. Sau ,
to ra 1 cu chuyn lin kt tt c nhng hnh nh ca nhng t thay th vo ngha tht s
ca t tru tng .

Mt vi v d
Hy cng xem xt nhng t di y v ngha ca chng m bn phi ghi nh
Poignant Ni au su sc

Cch nh:
Trc tin, bn hy chia t tru tng thnh nhiu m tit nu cn thit. Trong trng hp
ny, chng ta c m poig v nant . Poig pht m ging t point (mi nhn) v
nant pht m ging t nun (b s). Bn hy tng tng hnh nh 1 mi nhn m vo
1 b s gy ra vt thng su au n.. do , mi khi bn ngh n t poignant , bn s
nh n nh ngha ni au su sc .
Ex hort khuyn bo

Cch nh:
1 ln na, chia t ny thnh 2 m ex v hort . Ex pht m ging nh t axe
(cy ba) v hort pht m ging t hot (nng). Hy tng tng mi ln ba ca bn
khuyn bo bn chuyn g, ng cm 1 cy ba c li c un nng e da bn ch n.
Khi bn ngh n t ex hort ,
bn s nh ti ngha khuyn bo.
Pumice la
Cch nh:



Pumice pht m ging t pool (h) v mice (chut). lin kt cc t thay th
no, bn c th tng tng 1 ming ni la cha y nc to thnh h v c nhng con
chut ang bi trong h.
Prodi gy thin ti
Cch nh:
Bn c th tng tng hnh nh 1 chuyn gia (pro fes sion al) i o (dig ging) m cht
khong. Sau ng ta n cht khong v tr thnh thin ti.
Salient Ni bt nht
Cch nh:

Salient pht m ging t sail (li thuyn) v ant (kin). Hy tng tng hnh
nh 1 ch kin thnh tho li tuyn v tr thnh ch kin ni bt nht. Do , khi bn ngh v
t Salient , bn s ngh ngay n ngha ni bt nht .
Fore bear T tin
Cch nh:

Hy tng tng t tin ca bn l 1 ngi luyn th. ng ni ting v hun luyn
c bn (four) con gu (bear) chi nh qun vt i. Four bear c cch pht m
tng t nh fo cebear . Mt ln na, fo ce bear nhc bn nh n t tin
c qua cc v d trn v tng tng cc hnh nh trong tm tr bn, bn hy
vit ra cc ngha ca nhng t ting Anh mi m bn va hc. Bn phi mi t, bn hy
vit ra ngha ca t .
n y l kt thc chng v pht trin Tr Nh Siu ng dnh cho t. Chng ta s cng
tho lun vic pht trin Tr Nh Siu ng dnh cho s.
CHNG 9:TR NH SIU NG DNH CHO S
H THNG S
Khng ging nh t ng, s rt tru tng. Chng ta khng th hnh dung s v do
khng th lin tng kt hp cc s li vi nhau hoc nhng thng tin khc. H Thng S
khc phc tr ngi ny bng vic gn 1 ch ci c th hnh dung c vo mi s. Mt khi ta
hnh dung dc cc s, ta c th nh chng d dng. K nng ny
c bit hiu qu trong vic nh ngy thng nm, cng thc v cc phng trnh ha hc.
CCH S DNG H THNG S
Mt ch s t 0 n 9 thng c gn vo 1 hoc 2 ch ci. Khi bn nh c cc ch
ci ny, bn s c th chuyn bt k s no (thm ch c nhng s c nhiu hn 4 ch s)
thnh 1 hnh nh tng ng lu vo tm tr. Di y l 10 ch s c bn v cc ch ci tng
ng.

Ch : nhng ch ci khng c lit k trn khng i din cho bt k ch s no.
Bn c th dng chng thoi mi m khng lm nh hng n s bn mun i din.
CCH GHI NH CH CI I DIN
S 0 khin bn lin tng hnh nh gch cho X ch x . Ch x li c cch
pht m tng t nh s gip bn nh rng ch x v s lin quan n s 0.


S 1 c to thnh t 1 gch dc v thng c thm 1 gch di. Tng t, ch t
cng c 1 gch dc v 1 g ch ngang. Ch T vit hoa lt ngc li nhn cng ging s 1.
S 2 khin bn nh ti ch n v n c 2 gch dc.

S 3 khin bn nh ti ch m v m c 3 gch dc. Mt cch nh khc na l nu
bn lt s 3 xung 90 ngc chiu kim ng h, bn s c ch m .
S 4 khin bn lin tng n ch r v hnh nh phn nh trong gng ca ch R
vi t hoa rt ging s 4. Ch q cng c hnh dng tng t s 4. Bn hy tng tng 1
s 4 trn tr nh .

Cn s 5 th sao? Hy bn tay v 5 ngn ta ca bn. Bn c thy khong cch gia
ngn tr v ngn ci ca bn to thnh hnh ch L khng? Do , s 5 khin bn ngh ti
ch l .
S 6 khi lt ngc xung rt ging ch g .

Nu bn s 7 trc gng, bn s thy hnh nh s 7 trong gng v ngoi khi nm
cnh nhau to thnh ch k hng xung di. Bn c th nh ti cm t khng c
nh rng ch k v c lin quan n s 7.
S 8 khin bn lin tng n hnh nh gi xoy vo nhau m gi cn c gi l v
khin bn nh n ch v . Cm t v o s gip bn nh tip ch d/ .

Cui cng, s 9 khi b lt ngc xung nhn ging ch b trong khi hnh nh phn nh
trong gng ca s 9 li ging ch p .

BI KIM TRA NHANH
Bn thuc bi cha? Tt lm. By gi bn hy th lm mt bi kim tra n gin bng
cch vit ra cc ch ci tng ng cho mi ch s t 0 n 9. Xin vui lng hon tt bi kim
tra ny trc khi bn c tip.
CCH S DNG CH CI I DIN
Chng ta s lm g vi tt c nhng g va hc? Chng ta s dng chng to ra cc t
ng gip ta lin tng d dng v 1 tp hp s ta cn phi ghi nh. Chng ta lm vic ny
bng cch tm 1 t hoc 1 cm t hnh dung c c cha cc ch ci tng ng vi s chng
ta cn nh.
Hy cng xem 1 v d n gin sau y. S 21 c to thnh t s 2 v s 1. Chng ta
bit rng s 2 tng ng vi ch n v s 1 tng ng vi ch t . Chng ta d dng nhn
th y s 21 c th c i din bng hnh nh 1 ci nt.

Thm 1 v d khc. S 94 gm c s 9 v s 4. S 9 c ch b v s 4 c ch r . D
nhin chng ta c th ngh n hnh nh mt ming tht ba ri nh s 94. Tuy nhin, xin
ch rng, t bnh r mc d c ch b v r nhng khng th i din cho s 94 v
tht ra n i din cho s 24 (xem k bnh r th thy c thm ch n gia b v
r ). y l mt li rt thng gp khi to ra t hoc cm t i din. Bn nn cn thn.


Mc tiu chnh ca phng php ny l chuyn i cc s (tru tng) kh nh ny thnh
mt t hoc cm t c th hnh dung c trong tm tr khin cc s d
nh hn. By gi th bn hiu khi nim ny ri, hy th lm cc bi tp sau:
BI TP 1
Dng H Thng S chuyn tng s sau y thnh cc t ng c hnh nh: 53, 21,
30,548,417.
BI TP 2
Chuyn cc t sau y thnh cc s tng ng: cha, tnh yu, ngc nhin, bng ng, kim
tra.
p n
Bn lm bi tp xong cha? Tt lm. Di y l p n.
p n ny c th khc vi p n ca bn nhng khng c vn g c. Bn nn hc cch
to ra nhng t ng c o ca ring bn cho tng s theo cc quy lut trn. Th l ri.
Cc ch ci ng vi ch s c i mu bn nhn r hn.

99 T I DIN
Sau khi c hc cc ch ci tng ng vi cc ch s, bn c th d dng
chuyn bt k s no thnh 1 t c hnh nh (gi l t ng i din) nhm gip bn d
dng lin tng v ghi nh s .
thun tin trong vic s dng H Thng S, bn hy to ra nhng t ng i din ca
ring bn cho 99 u u tin. Bng cch ny, mi khi bn gp phi 1 s no gia 0 v 99,
bn s lp t bit c hnh nh tng ng vi s . Ti lit k di y nhng t ng i
din m ti thng s dng nh 99 s u tin. Bn c th hc theo ti hoc to ra nhng t
ng ca ring bn.

Lu rng nhng ch mu en khng a din cho bt k s no
P DNG H THNG S
Nh cp trn, H Thng S l cng c mnh m dng hc cc mn lin quan
n s. Trong phn ny, bn s hc cch lm th no ghi nh ngy, thng lch s, cc thnh
phn nguyn t v cc loi s khc.
CCH GHI NH NGY THNG
Mn lch s thng i hi cc hc sinh phi ghi nh 1 s kin c th xy ra trong qu
kh. Do , chng ta cn lin kt s kin vi 1 ngy thng (gm 1 chui s) c th khi s
kin din ra.
Cch ghi nh
nh ngy thng v s kin, bn phi:
To ra 1 hnh nh ca s kin m bn mun ghi nh.
S dng H Thng S chuyn i ngy thng (gm cc s) thnh hnh nh tng ng.
To ra 1 cu chuyn bt hp l lin kt hnh nh ca s kin vi hnh nh ca ngy thng
.
V d 1: Bom nguyn t


Gi s bn cn nh M th bom nguyn t u tin vo ngy 6 thng 8 nm 1945. V y
l s kin th bom nguyn t, bc u tin l bn phi hnh dung mt qu bom nguyn t
trong tm tr bn.
K tip, chuyn ngy thng thnh cc s tng ng -6-8-45 . lu rng chng ta b qua 1
th k (1900) v bn c th hon ton suy ra c th k ny. Vy l bn phi chuyn i s
6845 thnh 1 hnh nh c th da vo H Thng S bn va hc. Bn c th chia s ny thnh
2 cp 68 v 45. Nh vy, 68 c th c chuyn thnh g v , cn 45 thnh ri l i .
Bc cui cng l to chui mi lin kt nghch l gia qu bom nguyn t , g
v ri l . Vy th hy tng tng 1 con g trng v 1 con en ang nh nhau quyt lit
th b ri xung l khi qu bom nguyn t u tin n ra.
Do , mi khi bn ngh n qu bom nguyn t u tin, bn s nh ti g v , ri
l gip bn chuyn thnh s 6-8-45 (tc l ngy 6 thng 8 nm 1945) ngay lp tc.

V d 2: Trn Chu Cng
Gi s bn mun ghi nh s kin Trn Chu Cng b Nht th bom vo ngy 7 thng 12
nm 1941. Mt ln na, bn c th hnh dung s kin th bom ti Trn Chu Cng vi hnh
nh 1 chui ht trn chu b n tung.
Tip theo, chuyn ngy 7 thng 12 nm 1941 thnh 7-12-41 v s dng H Thng S
chuyn s 71241 thnh hnh nh c th. Bn c th tch s ny thnh 3 nhm 71,24 v 1
chuyn thnh 3 hnh nh.
Bng cch ny, bn cn phi lin kt bn hnh nh vi nhau, hnh nh s kin v 3
hnh nh cho ngy thng.
Mt cch nhanh hn na l tch s 71241 thnh 712 v 41. 712 c chuyn thnh cm t
kh thy nai v 41 thnh ri t . Cui cng, lin kt hnh nh ht trn chu n tung ,
kh thy nai v ri t thnh 1 cu chuyn v l nh sau: nhng ch kh b nhng ht
trn chu n tung nh thc. Chng nhn thy nhng con nai vng ng ngc cng b nh thc
ang l d ri khi t.
By gi, mi khi bn ngh v s kin th bom Trn Chu Cng, bn s nh ti
kh thy nai ri t tc l s 71241 t l ngy 7 thng 12 nm 1941.

Thc hnh 1 s ngy thng lch s
K thut ghi nh ngy thng ny khng ch th v m cn mang li kt qu lu di. Nhng
v d trn y c gii thch di dng nhng khi bn bt u quen s dng k thut ny, bn
s thy c rng bn ch tn khong vi giy ghi nh.
Chng ta hy cng ghi nh cc ngy thng ng nh di y bng cch s dng k thut
va hc. Bt u no!

Khi bn gp tn ngi hay nc, hy chuyn chng thnh nhng hnh nh bng cch dng
K Thut m Thanh Tng T hoc K Thut Gi Nh. V d, t Fi del nghe gin
nh Phi en . Vy th Fi del Cas trol c th c tng tng thnh 1 ngi Chu Phi da
en.


Cn v t Vit Nam th sao? Lm th no bn c th hnh dung 1 t nc? Bn c th
dng K Thut Gi Nh vi hnh nh l c sao vng nh ti nc
Vit Nam.
T kim tra
Bn hy vit ra nhng ngy thng ca cc s kin m bn va ghi nh. Hy kim tra li
chc chn bn tr li ng.
Cch ghi nh s nguyn t ha hc
By gi chng ta hy tm hiu cch lm th no ghi nh cc s nguyn t ca nguyn t
ha hc. Gi s bn phi ghi nh cc nguyn t di y v s nguyn t tng ng.
Cch ghi nh
Nhng g bn cn lm l to ra mt hnh nh tng ng cho tng nguyn t bng cch s
dng K Thut m Thanh Tng T v cc hnh nh tng ng cho s nguyn t bng H
Thng S.
BC 1: Hnh dung cc nguyn t
V cc nguyn t rt tru tng, chng ta phi dng K Thut m Thanh Tng T to
ra 1 t c hnh nh v c cch pht m ging vi nguyn t cn nh.
V d, Na tri pht m l na-tri. Vy bn c th tng tng hnh nh bn ang n 1 qu
na ngt m ly. Hnh nh ny s gip bn nh ti t Na tri .
Tng t, Ru bi di pht m nh ru-bi-di. Vy bn c th tng tng mt vin ngc
Ru by mu hng tht ln v tht lp lnh. Cn t Von fam pht m tng t nh voi-
phm, bn c th tng tng 1 con voi phm n khng l ang gm tng khc ma. T
Phtpho pht m nh pht ph . Vy bn hy tng tng 1chic l ri pht ph trong
gi.

BC 2: Hnh Dung Cc S Nguyn T
Tip theo bn hy chuyn cc s nguyn t thnh cc hnh nh (t ng) tng ng bng H
Thng S. Bng cch ny, chng ta c cc t sau.

BC 3: Lin Kt Cc Hnh nh Tng Trng
Cui cng, chng ta lin kt hnh nh nguyn t vi hnh nh s nguyn t li vi nhau.
lin kt qu na ngt m ly v tt , bn c th tng tng hnh nh mt qu na
c v ngoi ngt ngo m ly c th hot ng ging con ngi ang loay hoay mang tt vo
chn.
lin kt vin Ru by l p lnh v m c , hy tng tng cnh bn pht hin 1
vin hng ngc Ru by ln sng lp lnh lc m 1 con c.
By gi, bn hy t to ra cc cu chuyn v l lin kt 2 nguyn t cn li vi s
nguyn t ca chng. Qu d phi khng bn?
Th tr nh
Khi bn lm xong, hy th kim tra tr nh ca bn bng cch vit li tng cht v s
nguyn t ca chng.
CCH GHI NH CC S KHC
H Thng S c th c dng ghi nh mi loi s.
Cch ghi nh
Cch thc ghi nh tng t vi cch chng ta ghi nh ngy thng lch s v s nguyn t
trong ha hc. Ch cn lin kt hnh nh tng ng ca t kha vi hnh nh ca s lin quan.


V D 1: MT TRNG XA N MC NO
Gi s bn phi ghi nh mt trng nm cch tri t 384.630 km. Bc u tin l bn phi
tng tng hnh nh mt trng v mt trng l t kha.

Bc tip theo l chuyn s 384.630 thnh hnh nh. Bn c th tch s ny thnh 38, 46,
30. Ba s ny c chuyn thnh t m v , qu gi v m s theo th t.
Cui cng, to ra 1 cu chuyn nghch l lin kt cc hnh nh mt trng , m
v , qu gi v m s.Hy tng tng rng nu bn mun bay ln mt trng bn phi
i m i ch v. M bn phi hi mua cc b bn hng hay bn qu gi mua m s gip
bn phng c ha tin ln mt trng.
Cu chuyn ny s gip bn nh khong cch t mt trng n tri t l 384.630 km d
dng.
Thc hnh ghi nh s
By gi bn sn sng lm bi tp thc hnh. Hy nhn danh sch di y v s
dng H Thng S ghi nh cc s cho sn.
Mch Nc
Lu rng vic s dng H Thng S to ra hnh nh cho bn s 0 sau cng ca s
30.320.000 l ko thc t (V d s 5 bn trn). Trong nhng trng hp 1 s (thng l s 0)
c lp li nhiu ln nh th, bn nn linh hot v sng to bng cch to l nhng hnh nh
tht ring bit. V d bn c th tng tng hnh nh 4 qu trng tng trng cho 4 s 0
cui cng.
Th tr nh
Bn sn sng kim tra kh nng nh s ca bn cha? Tt lm. Di y l c hi dnh
cho bn. Bn hy vit ra cc s tng ng v nn kim tra li xem tr li ng cha.
KT LUN H THNG S
Hiu qu ca H Thng Lin Kt v H Thng S khng ch gii hn nhng v d bn
va thy. Cc h thng ny c th dng cho bt k mn hc no ty vo s sng to cng
nh s can m p dng nhng cch mi vo h thng Tr Nh Siu ng ca bn. Xin nh
rng, min l bn tun theo cc quy lut hnh dung v lin tng thng qua cc cu chuyn
nghch l, bn s pht trin c mt tr nh siu vit. By gi, bn hy khm ph tr nh ca
bn nhiu hn na chng v m hnh tr
nh.
CHNG 10: M HNH TR NH
Bn c bit rng tr nh c 1 m hnh hot ng nht nh khng? Nu hiu c iu ny,
bn s hiu ti sao c nhng lc bn c th hc d dng hiu qu, trong khi c nhng lc bn
li cm thy u c nh b bo ha khng th tip thu thm na.
KHM PH M HNH TR NH
Bn hy cng ti lm 1 th nghim ngn sau y. N s gip bn khm ph m hnh tr
nh ca ting bn. bn hy c danh sch cc t bn di, ch c 1 ln duy nht v khng s
dng bt k nguyn tc Tr Nh Siu ng no. Sau , bn hy c gng ht sc nh li
cng nhiu t cng tt.

By gi, khng nhn li danh sch trn, bn hy vit ra cng nhiu t cng tt. bn
khng cn phi vit ng th t.


Bn c th b st rt nhiu t, nhng hy nhn k li nhng t bn nh c v vit ra. Ti
sao bn nh mt s t ny m khng phi nhng t khc? Nu bn xem xt tht k, bn s
pht hin mt m hnh trong cch nh ca bn. Ni chung, trong bt k thi im no, bn s
c khuynh hng:

Di y l biu minh ha v phn trm thng tin nh c trong mt khong thi gi
an

Chng ta c th thy t biu trn, trong bt k mt khong thi gi an 2 ting hc no
(nhm A), lun lun c 2 nh im ghi nh thng tin, thi gi an lc bt u hc v thi gi an
sp kt thc vic hc. gia lc hc, c 1 khong thi gi an m kh nng tr nh chng ta b suy
gim r rt. Do , trong bt k khong thi gi an hc no, bn s qun rt nhiu thng tin
hc vo khong thi gi an gia ny. Thi gi an hc cng lu bao nhiu, khong thi gi an tr
nh suy gim cng di by nhiu.
Nu bn phi hc lin tc hn 2 ting (nhm B), bn ch c duy nht 1 khong thi gi an
nh im ghi nh thng tin. iu ny khin bn lng ph thi gi an. y l l do ti sao c
nhng lc bn cm thy tr nh nh b bo ha v khng th tip thu thm na.
HC BAO LU L TI U
Cc nghin cu cho thy thi gi an hc l tng nht trong mi ln hc khng nn di qu
2 ting. Mi ln hc ny nn c chia thnh bn phn nh di 25 pht
mi phn. gia cc phn, bn nn ngh ngi khong 5 pht.
Trong lc ngh ngi, bn nn lm vi ng tc th dc n gin. sau mi ln hc di 2
ting, bn nn th gin t nht na ting trc khi bt u hc li.
Bng cch ny, bn s c c tm nh ghi nh thng tin v nhng khong thi gi an tr
nh suy gim ngn i rt nhiu (xem biu bn di). kt qu l bn c kh nng ghi nh
thng tin tt hn cng nh thi gi an hc c tn dng 1 cch hiu qa nht.

NHI NHT KHNG HIU QU
Nhiu hc sinh tin rng vic n bi sm ch v ch v h s qun ht trc khi thi v phi
hc li t u. Nhng hc sinh ny cho rng ch nn n bi cho mi mn hc trong nm ngy
trc khi thi mn . Chnh v th, h thng khng n c ht bi hoc ch n c 1 ln
trc khi thi. Kt qu l h khng th no t im cao v h khng hiu r bi v phm nhng
li bt cn ng tic do qu cng thng.

Vi ti, y l 1 cch hc t st v n i ngc li tt c nhng nguyn tc ca vic hc
hiu qu. Vic n bi vo pht cu i, n c n chn mi nhy thng cn 1 khong thi gi
an hc di lin tc khng c ngh ngi. Do , kh nng ghi nh cng nh hiu qu hc tp
b gim st trm trng.
Hn na, kin thc m hc sinh thu thp c vo lc ny thng rt ln xn. Trc khi
u c h c c hi sp xp, tng hp nhng g h va hc, nhng thng tin mi nhn
an xen vi nhng thng tin c to nn mt m ri rm lung bng.
Vy th, nu bn phi chun b bi sm v ri u sut qu trnh hc, bn phi lm th no
duy tr tr nh phong tt nht cho n ngy thi? Cu tr li nm vic n bi.


Nhiu hc sinh ngh rng vic n bi lm lng ph thi gi an. Tuy nhin, nu bn c 1 k
hoch n bi hp l cng vi S T Duy, bn s tit kim rt nhiu thi gi an so vi cch
hc bnh thng. Khng nhng th, khi bn n bi nhiu ln, bn s hiu bi hn, ghi nh
thng tin nhiu hn v tng k nng p dng kin thc.

Thng thng, chng ta c th bit khi nim v cch gii quyt 1 vn , nhng trong k
thi, chng ta li m ra lung tng v phm li. L do l v chng ta cha t n trnh p
dng kin thc khng cn suy ngh. Cch duy nht chng ta t n trnh ny l phi bit
cch n bi.
BN S QUN 80% THNG TIN MI TRONG VNG 24 GI
Nghin cu cho thy nu bn khng n bi trong vng 24 gi sau khi hc bi, bn s qun
80% kin thc va hc. y l l do ti sao nhiu hc sinh thng than phin h qun gn ht
mi th trc k thi. Nhng n lc n bi trc k thi ging nh hc li t u. vic n bi
ny tn thi gi an cng nhiu nh lc hc ban u v h qun hu ht cc thng tin cn hc.
iu ny c ngha l chng ta nn n bi vo ng thi im tr nh chng ta ang nh
cao. Bng cch ny, vic n bi c hon tt trong 1 thi gi an ngn, v gip nhng lin kt
thng tin trong no tr nn bn vng hn.
CCH N BI HIU QU
Vic n bi nn din ra trong mt khong thi gi an c th sau mi ln hc. ln n bi u
tin nn bt u sau khi hc 10 pht. Cc nghin cu cho thy kh nng nh bi thng t
nh im sau khi hc 10 pht ri sau gim t t. nhng ln n bi tip theo nn ln lt
din ra sau 24 gi, sau mt tun, mt thng, v sau 3 n 6 thng. Thi gi an biu ny gip tr
nh ca bn lun lun nh cao. Biu di y tm tt li thi gi an biu n bi ti u
nht.

L tng nht l bn nn ln k hoch thi gi an n bi sao cho gi ai on n bi cui cng
ri vo 1 ngy trc ngy thi. Tuy nhin, vic ny ph thuc nhiu vo k hoch n bi ca
bn v s lng mn hc bn ang hc
VIC N BI TIT KIM THI GI AN
C th bn ngh rng: Nu mnh lm theo phng php ny, c phi l mnh s tn nhiu
thi gi an hn so vi vic n bi 1 ln tr c khi thi khng? Cu tr li l KHNG .
Xin nh rng, nu bn lm theo phng php hc truyn thng l hc 1 ln v n li 1 ln
trc khi thi, bn qun 80-90% kin thc trc khi n bi. Nh th, vic n bi ca bn
cng tn nhiu thi gi an nh lc bn hc ban u. Khng nhng th, vic n bi ca bn cng
tn nhiu thi gi an nh lc bn hc ban u, vic n bi nh vy cng khng h cng c li
nhng g bn hc m ch n thun l hc li nhng g bn qun.
Do , nu thng thng bn mt khong 2 ting hc xong 1 chng sch, bn s cn
gn 2 ting na n li n. Vy l bn cn khong gn 4 ting hc v n li chng .
Nu bn n bi 4 ln trc k thi, vic hc lc bt u ca bn s tn 2 ting nhng cc ln
n bi sau kh hc 10 pht, 24 gi, mt tun, mt thng, v trc khi thi th ch mt 10-15 pht
mi ln. L do l v bn n bi vo ng nhng thi im m kin thc vn cn rt d tm
trong tr nh.
Nu bn cng tt c thi gi an hc v n bi li, bn ch cn mt khong 3 ting, ngha l t
hn cch hc truyn thng gn 1 ting. Tuy nhin, iu quan trng hn ht l kh nng lnh


hi kin thc ca bn li gp bn nm ln so vi cch n bi truyn thng v bn n bi
trong lc bn cn nh r thng tin.
Xin chng mng bn! Bn c hc hai phng php hc hiu qu nht, l S
T Duy v h thng Tr Nh Siu ng. Bn chc chn c th t nhng kt qu mong mun
khi thnh tho 2 phng php ny.
CHNG 11 NGH THUT NG DNG L THUYT VO THC HNH
Sau khi c trang b y cc k nng ca Tr Nh Siu ng, bn nm c mt
yu t quan trng t thnh tch xut sc. l kh nng nh li thng tin v s liu trong
mt khong thi gi an ngn.
Tuy nhin, kh nng nm vng l thuyt cha m bo cho bn 10 im. Yu t th
2 cng quan trng khng km. l kh nng ng dng l thuyt tr li cu hi thc hnh
trong k thi.
tinh thng kh nng ng dng nhng g c hc, bn phi pht huy mt lot k nng
suy ngh bao gm sng to, phn tch, lp lun. Chi tit hn, nhng k nng suy ngh bn cn
phi thnh tho bao gm:
So snh cc d liu tm ra s khc nhau v ging nhau
Phn tch thng tin v tm mi lin h gia cc thng tin vi nhau
Xc nh nguyn nhn v h qu
La chn v sp xp cc thng tin c lin quan
Bit cch lp lun
Gii quyt vn mt cch sng to
Gii thch v pht trin c th
nh gi tin cy v tnh ng n ca thng tin
Phn bit gia cc d kin, cc thng tin khng phi d kin v cc kin ca c nhn
a ra kt lun t nhng bng chng c th.
Mc d nhng k nng ng dng ny nghe c v ng s, bn s thnh tho chng d dng
khi bn bit cch s dng. Nhng hc sinh s dng cc k nng ny hiu qu l do h nm
c phng php. Mt khi bn hc v nm c nhng phng php ny, bn s c th t
kt qu nh h.
PHNG PHP CA NGI THNG MINH
Qu trnh suy ngh din ra t vic t cu hi (cho bn thn ti vic hnh thnh cc
mi lin kt gia thng tin mi v thng tin c m bn bit. Nu bn ang suy ngh v
nhng g ti va ni, bn c th ang t hi mnh rng Tht khng? Mnh c suy ngh
bng cch t cu hi khng? Nhng hc sinh thng mnh thng t cc cu hi hu ch.
Nhng hc sinh km khng bit t cu hi v nhng g h va hc. V d, nu mt hc sinh
gii cn nh gi tnh xc thc ca 1 s vic, anh ta s nh gi bng cch t cu hi
nh C bng chng no v vic ny khng? , Ngun gc thng tin c ng tin cy
khng?, Thng tin c b lm sai lch hoc b nh hng bi kin c nhn no khng? .
Mt hc sinh km khng bao gi t nhng cu hi hiu qu nhtrn. Hn na, ngi thng
minh bit cch s dng hnh nh v cc cng c lin quan n hnh nh nh S T Duy,
biu , s v bng biu gip h hiu r, phn tch v tn dng thng tin. Mt khc, nhng
ngi km thng minh khng bit s dng hnh nh v nhng cng c lin quan n hnh nh.
NGH THUT NG DNG L THUYT VO THC HNH


Trong bt k mn hc no, cho d l mn lch s, vn hc, a l, vt l hoc ton hc,
lun tn ti mt s phng php, khun mu hoc phong cch t cu hi thng dng trong k
thi. Hy ghi nh, ngh thut ng dng l thuyt vo thc hnh bt k mn no cng c bn
bc bn phi thnh tho. Trong mi chng sch ca tng mn bn phi :
Bc 1: Xc nh cc dng cu hi thng gp
Bc u tin l bn phi xem qua tt c cc loi cu hi khc nhau nh cu hi ra thi cc
nm trc, cu hi trong sch gio khoa, cu hi kim tra th v bi tp trong lp. T , bn
hy ghi ch li cc dng cu hi thng dng thng c t ra. Bn s pht hin rng lun
lun tn ti 1 mt khun mu nht nh trong cch t cu hi.
Bc 2: Xc nh cc k nng suy ngh tng ng
Bn s pht hin mi dng cu hi nh Thng tin trn c hu ch nh th no trong
vic? hoc Bn ng n mc no v vic? yu cu cc k nng suy ngh khc
nhau. Do , i vi tng dng cu hi, bn hy xc nh k nng suy ngh cn thit cho tng
cu tr li.
V d, trong tt c cu hi dng Bn ng n mc no v vic? , ngi ra mun
kim tra cc k nng suy ngh sau y ca bn:
Kh nng la chn thng tin lin quan chng minh cc im ng v im sai.
Kh nng trnh by hai quan im c th.
Kh nng nh gi da trn cc chng c hin hu.
Bc 3: p dng phng php t im ti a trong mi dng cu hi
Mi dng cu hi i hi 1 phng php c th gip bn t im ti a. Do , bc tip
theo l bn phi hc cc dng tr li cu hi tng ng vi tng dng cu hi. Bn c th hc
cch tr li thng qua thy c hoc cc bi gii mu.
Ni tm li, bn cn ghi ch tt c cc dng cu hi thng dng cho tng mn hc. Trong
tng dng cu hi, tm hiu nhng k nng suy ngh cn c v cc phng php tr li tng
ng t im ti a. Cui cng, hy th hnh 1 vi v d ca tng dng cu hi.
Bc 1: Thu thp
Thu thp tt c cc dng cu hi khc nhau kh thi trong tng chng. Tng s dng cu
hi ny lun l 1 s nht nh.
Bn c th tm thy tt c dng cu hi t cc thi nm trc, sch bi tp, bi kim tra
th, v t cc trng khc c bit l cc trng gii nu cn thit. Bn s bit c l mnh
tm cc dng cu hi khi khng th tm ra dng no na.
BC 2: Tm hiu cc bc gii quyt cu hi
i vi tng dng cu hi thu thp c, bn phi tm ra cc bc cn thit tr li
chng. Bn s pht hin ra trong tng dng cu hi c th, cc bc gii quyt lun ging
nhau mc d d kin c th khc nhau.
Bc 3: Ghi nh cc bc bng thc hnh
Cui cng, bn phi thc hnh cc bc tr li cho tng dng cu hi t nht ba ln. Vy
th ti sao c nhiu hc sinh chm ch thc hnh hng trm cu hi m vn lng tng khi gp
cc cu hi trong k thi? L do l v h khng s dng k nng va cp bn trn m ch
thc hnh cc bi tp 1 cch ngu nhin. Ti s gii thch vn ny bng v d minh ha bn
di. Trong 1 chng sch (gi s thi gi l chng X), bn s tm c 1 tng s dng cu
hi nht nh l N gi l: X1, X2, X3,, Xn (minh ha bn di). Mi dng cu hi yu cu
cc bc hoc k nng gii quyt c th. V d: trong phn ton s cp (gii phng trnh),


y=x, y=x2, y=x3, y=x4, l cc dng cu hi khc nhau yu cu cc bc hoc cng thc
khc nhau gii. Thm vo , bn s thy rng khi tng dng cu hi (v d X1) c rt
nhiu bin th khc nhau trong cch ra thi: X1a, X1b, X1c, X1d, X1e Nhiu bin th ca
1 dng cu hi c to ra bng cch thay i s liu lin quan. V d: y=2x, y=2x+1, y=2x+2,
y=3x, 2y=10x l cc bin th khc nhau ca y=x. C bao nhiu bin th ca cng 1 dng cu
hi? Cu tr li l v hn! Tuy nhin, tt c cc bin th ca cng 1 dng cu hi c th c
gii quyt bng cch s dng 1 cng thc hoc cc bc ging nhau. Nu bn c th gii quyt
1 bin th (v d X1a), bn c th gii quyt c tt c cc bin th cn li .
THM PHM VI V BIN TH
Trong khong thi gi an n bi c hn, lm th no bn c th thnh tho tt c cc
dng cu hi ra thi? Cu tr li l bn ch cn thc hnh mi dng cu hi t nht 3 ln. Ni
cch khc, bn ch cn thc hnh cch gii quyt X1, X2, X3,, Xn. L do l khi bn c th
tr li X1, bn c th gii quyt tt c cc bin th ca X1 nh X1a, X1b, X1c v c th. V
d: nu bn gii c y= x+3, bn cng c th gii c y= x+10, y= 2x+4, y= 3x+3 Vn
nm ch l a s hc sinh lng ph thi gi an cho vic thc tp hng trm cu hi m thc
ra ch l cc bin th ca 1 vi dng cu hi ging nhau. Do thi gi an c gii hn, h
khng th n ht tt c cc dng cu hi t X1 n Xn v h lng ph nhiu thi gi an vo cc
bin th, trong khi h ch cn nm vng dng cu hi l . Gi s v l do , h khng n
c n X6. Nu trong thi xut hin dng cu hi X6, h s gp kh khn. R rng, vn
khng phi l bn thc tp bao nhiu cu hi, m l bn thnh tho bao nhiu dng cu hi.
MT V D V VT L: TC , VN TC V GIA TC
Chng ta hy cng ly mt v d t mn vy l cp hai. Nu bn hc v tc , vn tc
v gia tc, bn s pht hin l c 20 dng cu hi khc nhau. Di y, ti lit k tt c 20
dng cu hi v xp loi chng theo dng cu hi da trn cng thc v dng cu hi da trn
th.

Xin chc mng bn! Bn hong tt phn Phng Php hc Hiu Qu. Bng vic p
dng thnh tho cc phng php hc ti va cp ti, bn s c trang b y v kh
nh bi bt k cu hi kh no. By gi chng ta hy chuyn sang mt ch ht sc th
v
CHNG 12 :DM C M, SC MNH CA MC TIU
THNH CNG KHNG PHI L DO MAY MN
Cho mng bn n vi chng trnh yu thch nht ca ti, mc d y l Chng 12
trong sch, xc nh mc tiu li l bc u tin quan trng nht m bn phi thc hin trong
qu trnh vn n thnh cng trong hc vn v cuc sng, ti cm thy rt phn khi khi
c chia s vi bn v sc mnh ca mc tiu v chnh bn thn ti gt hi rt nhiu thnh
cng t vic xc nh mc tiu v hnh ng.

Ti mun ni vi cc bn rng tt c mi th ti c c ngy hm nay khng phi do
may mn m c. Thay vo , ti thnh cng l do ti m c thnh cng v thit k con
ng i n thnh cng ca ti l do ti xc nh ba mc tiu ln trong khi vn ang b coi l
mt a tr n n. l vn ln dn u trong trng cp hai, c tuyn vo trng
trung hc Vic to ria (trng trung hc hng nht sin ga pore thi ), thi u v dn u


trng i hc quc gia sin ga pore. Trong vng 8 nm, ti t c nhng mc tiu ti xc
nh. Ti thnh cng chnh xc theo ng cch m ti hnh dung.
Khi c c nhng thnh cng ban u, ti cng c thm ng lc mnh m xc nh
nhng mc tiu to ln hn, v i hn, ti xc nh r rng nhng mc tiu trong cuc sng
vt xa ngoi vic hc, ti vit ra rng ti mun tr thnh tc gi ca cun sch bn chy
nht, s hu c nhiu cng ty v ng th Ti mun tr thnh triu ph. Ti xc nh
mc tiu y am m ny khi ch mi 15 tui (v ti ngh 17 tui hay hn na cng cha l
qu mun). Vo tui , ti vn cha bit chc chn rng mnh phi lm g t nhng mc
tiu trn. Tuy nhin, ci ngh c sng mt cuc sng do chnh ti thit k tht s cun ht
v thc y ti lm vic tht chm ch.

Vo nm 21 tui, cun sch u tin ca ti, chnh l quyn sch bn ang c y, tr
thnh mt trong nhng cun sch bn chy nht Sin ga pore. Vo tui 26, ti bin c m
lm ch 4 cng ty thnh hin thc, mang li thu nhp hn mt triu la mi nm cho bn
thn, ti mun m u chng ny bng vic chia s nhng iu ny vi cc bn khng phi
khoe khoang hay to n tng g. Ti thc s hi vng, thng qua nhng iu ti chia s, cc
bn s hiu c li nhn nh ca ti, l bn phi dm c m, mc tiu chnh l ng lc
thc y bn i n thnh cng.
i hc Yale nm 1952: Bi hc u tin v sc mnh ca mc tiu
Ti nhn ra sc mnh ca mc tiu thng qua mt cuc kho st thc hin ti trng i
hc Yale (mt trong nhng trng i hc hng u M) vo nm 1952, lc , kha sinh
vin sp tt nghip c hi rng h c nhng mc tiu c th no v nhng g h mun t
c sau khi tt nghip.
Ngc nhin thay, ch c 3% trong tng s sinh vin vit ra c nhng mc tiu ca h.
Nhng sinh vin ny bit rt r l h mun c cng vic nh th no, h mun kim bao nhiu
tin v h khao kht nhng thnh cng no. H cn thit k cuc sng m c ca h trong
vng 15-20 nm ti. Ngc li, 97% s sinh vin cn li khng h c mc tiu no c. H b
mc mi th cho s phn vi thi "chuyn g ti s ti".
20 nm sau, vo nm 1972, mt cuc kho st tip tc c thc hin trn nhng sinh vin
k trn, kt qu cuc kho st ny tht ng kinh ngc, tng thu nhp ca 3% s sinh vin,
nhng ngi xc nh mc tiu trc , t gp ba ln tng thu nhp ca 97% s sinh vin
cn li, nhng ngi khng xc nh mc tiu. Ni cch khc, trung bnh mi sinh vin xc
nh mc tiu c thu nhp cao gp 97 ln thu nhp ca mi sinh vin khng xc nh mc tiu.
Chuyn g lm nn s khc bit to ln ny ? Chc chn khng phi v mc thng
minh hoc kh nng ca h. Ni cho cng th tt c h u tt nghip t mt trng i hc
danh ting. S khc bit chnh l sc mnh ca mc tiu.
Tiger Woods, Steven Spoel berg v Bill Clin ton ging nhau im no ?
Nu bn k nhng ngi ni ting, bn s nhn ra rng h thnh cng l do h dm
m c v thnh cng rt sm. H cng hiu rng thnh cng m h c c l do h
ln k hoch thnh cng.
Tiger Woods hin l vn ng vin nh gn s mt th gii. tui 24, anh t nhiu
thnh tch trong mn th thao gn hn bt k ai khc trong lch s. Bn c bit rng Tiger t
c nhng iu ny l do anh xc nh mc tiu nh bi nhng vn ng vin nh gn
hng u v tr thnh s mt th gii t nm anh 8 tui khng ?
Nm 12 tui, Steven Spiel berg xc nh mc tiu tr thnh nh o din phim gii nht,
nm 36 tui, ng tr thnh mt trong nhng nh lm phim thnh cng nht trong lch s th


gii, ng o din bn trong mi phim t doanh thu cao nht th gii v thu v nhiu gii
thng in nh nht nh u m ng c th t c nhng thnh cng phi thng n th
khi cn rt tr ? Mt ln na, chnh l nh ng hiu c sc mnh ca mc tiu.
Cu tng thng M Bill Clin ton, con ca mt ga ph ngho sng mt nng tri nh,
xc nh tham vng tr thnh tng thng M khi vn cn l mt a tr. Thy c, h hng, bn
b u ni vi ng rng "tnh dy i, ng c m na nhc!". Nhng cng nh Woods v
Spiel berg, ng dm vch ra tng lai v bin m c thnh hin thc.
Ti sao mi ngi khng xc nh mc tiu ?:
Bn c th t hi "nu vic xc nh mc tiu c sc mnh phi thng gip bn thnh cng
n vy, ti sao mi ngi li khng xc nh mc tiu?"
Khi cn nh, chng ta lun c nhng c m v mc tiu bay bng v tng lai. Chng ta
m c c lm bc s, lnh cu ha, ngi sao in nh v nhng anh hng. Tht ng tic,
khi ln ln, nhiu ngi trong chng ta li t b mc tiu ca mnh v cng khng mng ti
vic t mc tiu mi. Di y l ba l do chnh ti sao ngi ta khng xc nh mc tiu.
H khng t tin

L do chnh khin ngi ta khng xc nh mc tiu l v h thiu t tin, s t tin chnh l
cm gic tin tng vo gi tr bn thn. Ti thng khuyn cc hc sinh ca ti nn hng ti
nhng kt qu tt nht v nhng trng tt nht. Mt s thng tr li ti rng h khng bao
gi t c nhng kt qu , hay vo c nhng trng hng nht . Nhng hc sinh
khc th tr li rng nhng kt qu tt p khng dnh cho h m la dnh cho nhng "hc
sinh khc". C th l do trong qu kh, thy c, cha m hay bn b thng ni rng chng ta
rt km hoc khng c kh nng, tt c nhng li nhn xt ny khin chng ta mt hn s t
tin.
H khng tin vo sc mnh ca mc tiu
Nhiu hc sinh khng xc nh mc tiu l v h khng tin vo vic lm ny. H khng tin
vo sc mnh ca mc tiu, h a ra nhiu v d v vic h tng xc nh mc tiu trong
qu kh nhng h khng t c. Chng ta cng c nghe ni v nhiu ngi xc nh mc
tiu ln lao nhng tht bi. L do tht bi ca tt c nhng ngi ny khng phi l do vic
xc nh mc tiu khng c tc dng, m l do h khng c gng ht sc t c mc
tiu, hoc do h p dng sai phng php v b cuc gia chng.
Vic xc nh mc tiu t n s khng mang li thnh cng cho bn, bn phi hnh ng
lin tc vi mt quyt tm mnh lit t c mc tiu ra.
H s tht bi, h s xu h
Mt l do khc khin hc sinh khng dm xc nh mc tiu l v h s tht bi v xu h.
H s rng nu h xc nh mc tiu t tt c im 10 m khng t c, h s cm thy
tht bi trn tr. n trnh tht bi, h khng bao gi dm xc nh mc tiu. Nu bn khng
xc nh mc tiu, bn s khng bao gi cm thy tht bi ng khng? Nhng tht s bn
ang tht bi, thm vo , nu bn khng bao gi xc nh mc tiu, bn cng chng bao gi
thnh cng c.

Nhng hc sinh gii dm xc nh mc tiu to ln v h khng tin vo tht bi. Khi h
khng t c mc tiu, h khng ngh l tht bi. Thay vo , h xem l mt kinh
nghim cn hc hi. Kt qu l h khng cm thy xu h v vic ny, h bit rng min l h
hc hi kinh nghim v lin tc hnh ng, cui cng h cng s t c mc tiu. Thay v


mt tinh thn khi b ngi khc ci ch, ti mun bn chuyn s nho bng thnh sc
mnh v ng lc thc y bn. Chng ta s tho lun vn ny nhiu hn trong chng
cng thc t im tuyt i.
Tht s, ng lc mnh m thc y ti khi cn l mt hc sinh chnh l vic ti mun
chng t vi tt c thy c, bn b rng h sai. H cng ci nho ti v ni rng ti khng
th t c iu , ti cng cm thy mnh m hc tp chm ch, t c mc tiu
chng t cho h thy. Vy th, ng ni s xu h lm bn mt tinh thn. Hy bin ni s
thnh sc mnh.
Mc tiu l ng lc thc y chng ta tin n thnh cng.
Ti sao mc tiu li c tc ng mnh n vy? Ti sao xc nh mc tiu li thc y
chng ta i n thnh cng? Mc tiu c ba c tnh mnh m sau y c th gip chng ta
thnh cng.
Mc tiu dn ng cho quyt nh v hnh ng ca chng ta
Mc tiu m bn xc nh s lun hng dn cuc sng ca bn tng giy tng pht. Mc
tiu dn ng cho nhng la chn v hnh ng ca bn. Nu mc tiu ca bn l tr thnh
hc sinh gii nht trng, bn s c nhng la chn g? Bn s chn vic tp trung trong lp
hc, ghi ch y , chun b chu o cho k thi. Khi bn b r bn i chi sau gi hc, bn s
t chi v bn bit rng vic khng gip bn t c mc tiu. Mt khc, nu bn xc nh
mc tiu tr thnh mt ngi chi gn chuyn nghip nh Tiger Woods, bn c la chn v
hnh ng khc khng? D nhin ! bn cnh vic tp trung t im cao trng, bn s chn
vic tp nh gn v dnh hng gi lin chi gn, tng t, nu mc tiu ca bn l tr
thnh vn ng vin bi li cp quc gia, bn s quyt nh i tp bi. Bn thy khng, mc
tiu quyt nh nhng vic bn lm, mc tiu quyt nh nhng la chn trong cuc sng ca
bn.
Nguy him nht l khi khng c nhng mc tiu. Khi bn khng c mc tiu, bn khng
bit tp trung vo vic g v bn s c khuynh hng lm nhng vic m bn cm thy quan
tm vo thi im . Bn s di chuyn khp mi hng ri quay li ng ch c thay v
tin ln theo mt hng nht nh. Ni n gin, bn ch hnh ng theo m ng nh mt
con cu khng hn khng km.
Mt nguy him na t vic khng xc nh mc tiu r rng l trong tim thc ca bn s
t to ra nhng mc tiu nguy hi. Trc khi ti c hc cch xc nh mc tiu trong
chng trnh thiu nin siu ng, ti tng c nhng mc tiu nguy hi nh "xem tivi cng
nhiu cng tt", "n trnh vic hc", "gy kh khn cho thy c", "ng cng nhiu cng tt" v
"rng ng thi rt l c". Khng c g bt ng khi ti lun nhn nhng kt qu t hi,
nhng mc tiu nguy hi ny hng ti ra khi con ng thnh cng v tin thng n tht
bi. Vy th xin bn ghi nh rng, nu bn khng quyt nh v ln k hoch v nhng g bn
mun, tim thc ca bn s quyt nh nhng mc tiu nguy hi thay bn.
Mc tiu thc y chng ta
Trong thi gi an ti cn l mt hc sinh km, ti lun t hi rng lm th no m nhng
bn hc gii cng lp c th tm thy nng lng v ng lc hon thnh tt c bi tp,
hoc n bi k lng cho bi kim tra? Lm th no m h c th hc nhiu gi lin, thm ch
vo cui tun, khng xem tive, khng chi tr chi in t, khng i chi? B quyt ca h l
g? Lm th no m h c nhiu ng lc thc y n th trong khi ti lun cm thy li
bing, mt mi? Ti pht hin ra b quyt nm nhng mc tiu m chng ta xc nh, mc
tiu tip thm nng lng v sc mnh cho chng ta. Khng c mc tiu chng ta lun cm
thy li bing, mt mi.


Bn c bo gi cm thy bun ng, mt mi khi phi hc mt chng sch no khng?
Nhng cng lc , nu bn c chi tr chi in t yu thch ca bn, bn li cm thy di
do nng lng v c th chi hng gi lin khng bit mt ng khng? Vy m, ngay khi
va cm quyn sch ln c, bn li ngp ngn ngp di v cm thy ht sc bun ng. Ti
sao li nh vy?
Khi chi tr chi in t, chng ta c mt mc tiu r rng, l chin thng. iu ny
tip thm nng lng v ng lc chng ta tip tc chi. Vn l khi chng ta hc bi, a
s chng ta khng c mc tiu r rng l t im 10 hay vn ln ng nht, do no b
ca chng ta t ngng hot ng v lm chng ta mt nng lng. Ngay khi bn xc nh
nhng mc tiu ho hng trong vic hc cho bn thn, bn s tm thy ngun nng lng thc
y bn vt qua s li bing.
Mc tiu gii phng tim nng ca chng ta
Mt l do khc ca vic xc nh mc tiu l mc tiu gip chng ta vt xa hn kh nng
bnh thng t nhng kt qu tuyt vi. Gi s bn lun nhn im hai mn ton, y l
im s bnh thng ca bn, v bn xc nh mc tiu t im 10 trong k thi sp ti. Bng
vic xc nh mc tiu im 10, bn s bt u hc theo mt cch khc, bn ghi ch bi ging
chi tit hn, tm hiu r hn v nhng khi nim cn m mt, dnh nhiu thi gi an hn gii
nhng bi ton kh. Kt qu l, ngay c khi bn khng t im 10, bn cng c th t im
8-9, cao hn nhiu so vi im s hai trung bnh ca bn.
Xc nh mc tiu trong tng lnh vc cuc sng
Tt c chng ta u bit rng cng nhn l ngi xy dng nn nhng cn nh. Nhng
trc khi h bt u cng vic xy dng, h cn nhng kin trc s thit k ngi nh. Ti sao
vy? Bi v vic thit k ny gip h bit c mi nh cao bao nhiu, c bao nhiu ca ra
vo, c bao nhiu ct nh,v.v H s lm theo ng thit k xy nn mt cn nh hon
chnh.
Cc cng nhn c xy c nh m khng cn bn thit k khng? iu ny nghe c v
nc ci. Nu khng c bn thit k c th, h ch c th xy mt cch v ti v n khi
khng cn gch m vn khng bit hnh th cn nh ra sao. Chuyn g s xy ra? Sn phm
ca h s ch l mt ngi nh siu vo, xu x vi hnh th k qui.
Bn c th cho rng vic xy nh m khng c bn thit k l v l. Vy bn c nhn ra
vic chng ta sng cng ging nh vic xy dng mt cn nh? y th m, nhiu ngi sng
m khng c k hoch no v cuc sng tng lai sau ny. Sng mi ngy cng ging nh
vic t tng vin gch xy nh. Nu bn c lin tip xy tng vin gch m khng bit bn
ang xy g, cui cng bn s xy c mt cuc sng khng nh cht no. Tht ng tic,
nhiu ngi khng nhn ra c iu ny cho n khi h phi gnh chu mt cuc sng ti t.
Lc y, h mi nhn ra rng l ra h c th c mt cuc sng tt p hn nhiu nu h bit
thit k cuc sng ca h.
Khi bn xy nh, bn phi thit k tt c mi phn ca cn nh nh phng ng, phng tm,
nh bp,v.v Tng t, khi bn xc nh mc tiu trong cuc sng, bn phi tp trung vo tt
c nhng lnh vc em li cho bn mt cuc sng mong mun. V d, chng c ch g khi bn
hc rt gii nhng li khng c sc khe. Cng chng ch g khi bn c mt ngh yu thch, c
sc khe tt nhng li cc k ngho.
Nhn chung, bn phi thit k v xc nh mc tiu trong bn lnh vc cuc sng, l:
-Mc tiu v hc tp v ngh nghip
-Mc tiu v sc khe v th thao
-Mc tiu v ti chnh v li sng


-Mc tiu v gia nh v x hi

Xc nh mc tiu to ln hp dn
Nhiu ngi ni vi ti rng h vn khng cm thy c ng lc thm ch ngay sau khi h
xc nh mc tiu, h vn khng cm thy mun hnh ng. L do l v nhng mc tiu m
h ra khng hp dn i vi h.
Mun c c quyt tm, ng lc hnh ng kin tr, bn phi xc nh nhng mc
tiu to ln. Nhng mc tiu to ln l nhng mc tiu vt xa ngoi kh nng hin ti ca bn.
iu ny quan trng nht l ngh t c nhng mc tiu y tht s lm bn cm thy ht
sc hnh phc, phn khi.
Khi ti xc nh mc tiu vn ln dn u trng (mt mc tiu rt ln), ngh t c
mc tiu ny tht s lm ti cm thy vui sng, nht l khi ti ang l hc sinh ng cht lp
lc by gi. Cm gic vui sng c bit ny thc y ti thc m thc hm hc hnh chm
ch. Mt mc tiu to ln khc ca ti l kim c mt triu la. Mc tiu ny thc y ti
mnh m n mc ti thnh lp cng ty u tin ca mnh nm 15 tui v lm hai cng vic
cng lc khi vn cn i hc.
Thay vo , nhiu ngi c khuynh hng xc nh mc tiu d dng, nh b vi ngh
rng nhng mc tiu ny d t c hn nhiu so vi nhng mc tiu khc. Vn y l
nhng mc tiu ny khng thc y bn hnh ng c. Nu ti xc nh mc tiu l mt
trong 50 hc sinh gii nht trng, ti s khng cm thy ho hng bng vic ti mun tr
thnh hc sinh gii nht.
Chc hn l bn nghe bn b, thy c ni rng "ng nn qu tham vng, hy sng thc
t". a s nhng ngi ni cu ny u lo s th thch to ln v h s tht bi, nhng ngi
nh vy sng mt cuc sng tm thng, t nht.
Nhng ngi v i c nhng thnh cng v i t khi "c c thc t" theo tiu chun ca
a s mi ngi. H thin v nhng c m m ngi khc cho l o tng nhng h li cm
thy tht hnh phc khi ngh n lc c m thnh hin thc, iu ny thc y h bng
mi gi phi t c nhng c m y. Anh em nh Wright b ngi i nho bng l in r
khi h c tng ch to my bay. Khi cu tng thng M John Kenedy xc nh mc tiu
a con ngi ln mt trng v tr v tri t, mi ngi cho l ng ta ang o tng. Nhng
hin nay, chng ta t c tt c nhng iu v cn nhiu hn. Ti sao? Chnh l nh
vo nhng c m to bo v hu nh khng tng ca nhng con ngi dm ngh, dm lm
ny.
Su bc xc nh mc tiu hiu qu
By gi th bn hiu sc mnh v tm quan trng ca vic xc nh mc tiu, bn phi
hc cch to ra nhng mc tiu thc y bn i n cng. Nhng quyt tm u nm mi
thng b b ngang ch v khng c kh nng thc y mnh m, ch l nhng c m nh
b, yu t. mc tiu c th lm ng lc thc y chng ta, bn phi lm theo su bc sau
y:
Vit ra nhng g bn mun mt cch c th
Bc u tin l vit ra nhng mc tiu ca bn cng chi tit cng tt, khi bn xc nh
mc tiu c th, tm tr bn s tp trung tt hn t mc tiu . Khi mc tiu ca bn qua
chung chung hoc khng r rng, tm tr bn s gp kh khn trong vic t c nhng g
bn tht s mun. V d, nhng mc tiu nh "ti mun hc ton kh hn", "ti mun thi tt",
"ti mun tit kim nhiu tin hn" v "ti mun c mt cng vic n nh" l nhng mc tiu
khng r rng.


Vic hc mn ton kh hn c th c ngha l tng thm c ba im, bn im hoc,
nm im mn ton, thi tt c th n thun ch l thi u vi im nm hoc c th t im
10. Mt cng vic n nh cng c th l lm ngi thu dn rc hoc mt nh khoa hc. C hai
ngh ny u n nh.
Thay vo , mc tiu ca bn nn c th nh "ti mun tng im ton t bn im ln
chn im", "ti mun t su im 10 v mt im 9 trong k thi", "ti mun tit kim hai
mi ngn ng mt tun v hai triu ng trc khi ti mi by tui" hoc "ti mun tr
thnh mt nh vt l ht nhn chuyn nghin cu cc dng nng lng thay th".
Lit k tt c nhng li ch v nhng l do cho vic t mc tiu
Nguyn nhn ti sao nhiu ngi khng quyt tm t mc tiu l v h khng c nhng
l do r rng ti sao h mun t c mc tiu . Chng ta t khi c ng lc lm mt vic
g tr khi chng ta bit r nguyn nhn v li ch ca n. Bi th, sau khi bn xc nh mc
tiu, bn hy vit ra t nht nm l do ti sao bn phi t mc tiu . Ngoi ra, bn cng cn
vit ra nhng li ch i km vi mc tiu . Xc nh mt mc tiu s khng thc y c
bn tr khi bn c nhng l do chnh ng, thuyt phc.
Ln k hoch hnh ng
Vch ra k hoch chi tit v nhng hnh ng c th tin gn n mc tiu ra. Mt
cun s sp xp thng tin v mt cun lch s gip bn ln k hoch hiu qu.
V d:
K hoch ca ti l to S T DUY cho mn lch s v p dng cc k nng tr nh
siu ng ghi nh thng tin.
Cc bc hnh ng ca ti l to ra hai S T DUY mi ngy trong vng hai tun
ti, sau ti s dnh ba ting mi ngy cho tun k tip ghi nh thng tin.
Xc nh thi hn
Tip theo, bn phi xc nh thi hn c th t mc tiu ca bn. Nu bn khng c
thi hn c th, bn s c khuynh hng tr hon cho n khi mc tiu ca bn b lng qun.
Xc nh thi hn c th c ngha l vit r ra ngy thng nm bn phi t mc tiu .
Tip thm cm xc cho mc tiu ca bn
Hu ht nhng hnh ng trong ngy ca chng ta khng phi do l tr m l do cm xc
chng ta thc y. V mt l thuyt, chng ta mun t mt mc tiu v bit r tht s thc
y chng ta hnh ng. Bi th, y l mt trong nhng bc quan trng nht, bn phi nhm
mt li, tng tng bn t c mc tiu ra v tn hng cm gic vui sng.

Tha mn, cng nh nhng li ch do vic c mc tiu mang li.
Ti mun bn hy m mng v vic t c c m ca bn cho n khi c m tr
nn rt tht trong tm tr bn, lm nh vy s gip bn c ngun cm hng di do hnh
ng kin nh v mc tiu.
Ly bng vic hnh ng ngay tc khc
Thng thng, mi ngi xc nh mc tiu, ln k hoch hnh ng ri ch tr hon
chng n ngy hm sau. Chng bao lu, h s chn ch v khng bao gi bt u thc hin
mc tiu. Bn phi trnh iu ny bng vic lm mt ci g ngay sau khi bn vit xong mc
tiu ly cho cc chui hnh ng tip theo sau ny. Cho d lc l mt gi sng, bn
cng nn lm mt chuyn g gip bn tin gn n mc tiu hn mt cht. Ngay khi bn
va xc nh mc tiu l nng cao im ton, bn nn cm quyn sch ton ln c t nht vi


trang. Ngay khi bn va xc nh mc tiu mua mt chic xe hi mi, nn i n phng triu
lm ly nhng t qung co, vic ly ngay lp tc ny c sc mnh phi thng gip bn
tip tc hnh ng kin nh tin dn v pha mc tiu ca bn.
p phch mc tiu
Nu mc tiu khng phi l th bn xc nh ri b qua mt bn v thng ch xem li sau
mt nm, mc tiu l nhng vic bn phi lm thng xuyn xem xt, ghi nh v hnh ng
hng n chng hng ngy. Mt thi quen tt bn ch cn c l bt u mt ngy mi bng
vic c i c li nhng mc tiu trong cun s ca bn. Mt phng php tt khc na l
bn nn tm tt cc mc tiu trong hc tp ca bn vo mt t giy ln ri dn ln tng.
Bng cch ny, bn s lun c nhc nh v mc tiu ngay khi bn va thc dy mi bui
sng.
Ln k hoch cho cuc sng
Bn cnh vic xc nh mc tiu trong bn lnh vc trng yu trong cuc sng (hc
tp/ngh nghip, sc khe/th thao, ti chnh/li sng v gia nh/x hi), bn phi xc nh
nhng mc tiu di hn cng nh nhng mc tiu ngn hn, nhng mc tiu ngn hn l
nhng mc tiu bn mun t c trong vng hai nm ti.
Nhiu hc sinh khng cm thy c ng lc thm ch sau khi xc nh tt c cc mc
tiu t im 10 v h khng bit h mun lm g trong tng lai xa sau ny. Ti lun ni vi
cc hc sinh ca ti rng h s khng bao gi c ng lc trong hc tp tr khi h bit c
h mun lm g trong tng lai. Nu bn khng c nh hng r rng v cuc sng ca bn
trong vng 10 ti 15 nm t by gi, vic t c im 10 hoc hc mt mn hc khng h
c ngha hay ng lc no thc y bn.
Ni cch khc, nu bn c mc tiu di hn tr thnh mt nh chnh tr hoc thm ch mt
tng thng, bn s c ng lc hc lch s, kinh t, chnh tr. Bn s c ng lc thi u vo
trng trung hc hng nht. Nu bn c mc tiu di hn tr thnh mt din vin, bn s c
ng lc hc vn hc, tm l con ngi, truyn thng i chng, lch s. Bn cng s thy
c s cn thit ca vic thi u vo trng ngh thut.
Vy th, y l lc bn bt u m c v quyt nh bn mun lm g trong vng 15 nm
ti. Nhng m c v ngh nghip g? Bn m c c lm cho cng ty no hay bn m c
thnh lp cng ty ring ca bn? Bn mun kim bao nhiu tin? Bn mun sng mt cuc
sng nh th no? Chic xe m c ca bn nh th no? Bn mun mnh lm c nhng g?
c i du lch ngh mt mi nm hai ln? Bn cn mun lm c g na?
Nhng gic m tng lai tuyt p ny s em li cho bn ngha, nim say m, kht khao
vt tri c im cao v c tuyn vo nhng trng danh ting nht. Khi bn ngh v tt
c nhng c m ca bn, hy tr tng tng ca bn bay bng to ra c nhng g
bn kht khao. lm c iu ny, bn cn phi cm xc ca bn tng vt. L do l v
con ngi chng ta c khuynh hng lm vic theo cm xc ch khng phi theo l tr.
Mi khi bn ghi li tt c nhng c m di hn ca bn, ti mun bn bin chng
thnh bn thit k trn mt mnh giy ln. y chnh l bn thit k cuc sng ca bn. Bn
c th dn n ln tng ni m bn c th d dng nhn thy tip thm cm hng cho mi
ngy. Khng c gii hn v nhng g bn c th v trn bn thit k cuc sng ca bn. Tuy
nhin, sau y l mt s chi tit quan trng m bn cn phi thit k:
-Vit ra nhng g bn mun t c mt cch c th
-Vit ra thi hn t c mc tiu
-Vit ra tui ca bn trong tng gi ai on
Thit k cuc sng ca bn


Bn sn sng nh hng cho nhng thnh tu m bn mun t c trong cuc sng
cha? Tt lm, xin nh rng bn c th tim nng v nng lc t nhng kt qu phi
thng. Vy th bn hy thit k cuc sng ca bn vi nim am m v nim tin tuyt i.
Chc bn vui v vi cng vic thit k cuc sng ca chnh mnh!
Xc nh mc tiu c nhn ca bn
Khi hon tt, bn c th s dng bn bc xc nh mc tiu vit ra nhng mc tiu c
nhn ca bn trong cun s tay hay nht k. y chnh l tt c nhng mc tiu bn cn phi
t c c mt cuc sng nh bn phc tho trong bn thit k.
Thit k p phch mc tiu
Bn hon thnh vic xc nh mc tiu cha ? Tt lm. By gi, ti mun bn hy thit
k mt p phch mc tiu cho k thi sp ti ca bn. V li nhng mc tiu trn mt t giy
ln vi nhiu mu sc v hnh nh. Dn t giy ny ln tng ni bn hc bi nh khi
hon tt
Xc nh mc tiu v no b ca bn s tm c cch thc hin
Trong khi xc nh mc tiu, mt trong nhng nim tin quan trng nht m bn phi c
l tin rng bn c th t bt c iu g bn khao kht. Bn hy ln k hoch cho cuc sng
ca bn vi mt nim tin tuyt i nh th.
Thm ch nu vo lc ny bn cha chc chn c phng php t mc tiu, khng
c vn g c. C xc nh mc tiu i. Nu bn c th tm l do ti sao bn mun t
nhng mc tiu , no b ca bn s hng dn bn xc nh con ng i n mc tiu.
Mc tiu tht s khin no b chng ta lun minh mn v lnh hi tt c nhng c hi xung
quanh. Khng c mc tiu, chng ta c khuynh hng b l nhng c hi trong cuc sng
Vy vic xc nh tt c cc mc tiu n c ngha bn s thnh cng sao? Khng th chc
chn iu ny, nu mc tiu ca bn khng c h tr bng nhng hnh ng vng chc,
mc tiu s ch mi l c m. Nhng nu bn hnh ng t c mc tiu, nhng mc
tiu ny s tr thnh hin thc. Vy th chng ta phi lm g t thc y bn thn mnh hnh
ng? Hy khm ph v vic ny trong chng tip theo.
CHNG 13 : NG LC MNH M VT QUA S LI BING
Vt qua s li bing
bao nhiu ln bn xc nh mc tiu m khng bao gi bt tay vo hnh ng t
mc tiu ? Hoc bo nhiu ln bn hnh ng nhng li b d ch sau vi ngy u ?

Tt c chng ta u bit r nhng vic chng ta nn lm trong cuc sng nh n bi cho k
thi quan trng, nhng v mt l do no , chng ta khng bao gi tht s bt tay vo lm cho
n khi mi vic qu tr. Thi quen li bing ny nh hng n hu ht mi ngi chng
ta. N n thun ngn chn mi hnh ng m chng ta bit s mang li li ch cho bn thn.
Li bing l nhn t chnh ph hoi s thnh cng. Bn c th xc nh nhng mc tiu
tuyt vi nht v ra nhng k hoch hon ho nht, nhng nu bn khng hnh ng, bn
tht bi ri.
Khi bn li bing, bn cng cm thy khng lm ch c cuc sng ca mnh ng
khng? Cm gic lo s nhc nh bn nn ngng xem tivi hc bi, nhng mt ng lc hp
dn khc li li ko bn tip tc xem thm mt chng trnh tivi na. vt qua thi quen
li bing bn phi hc cch lm ch n thay v n lm ch bn.
ng lc thc y ca ni kh v nim vui


Hai ng lc chnh thc y hnh ng ca chng ta l ni kh v nim vui. Chng ta lun
lun hnh ng theo hng n trnh nhng g chng ta nhn thc l ni kh v tin gn n
nhng g chng ta nhn thc l nim vui. Ti sao chng ta c lin tc tr hon vic lm bi tp
n pht cui cng mc d chng ta bit rng nn lm bi t sm? n gin v a s chng ta
lun ngh vic hc rt cc kh v ngc li, gn lin nim vui vi nhng vic khc nh xem
tivi. Lm th no chng ta c th bt tay vo lm bi tp ? Thng thng, chng ta ch bt
tay vo lm bi tp khi ngy mai l hn cht np bi hoc khi chng ta cm thy b p lc nng
n t bn b-nhng ngi lm xong bi tp . Nhng ti sao chng ta li c th lm bi
tp vo lc y m khng phi sm hn? L do l ngay lc y, chng ta nhn thc uc vic
khng lm bi tp s khin chng ta gnh chu mt hu qu t hi hn khi khng np bi ng
hn, iu ny s khin chng ta bt tay vo hnh ng.
Thay v tr thnh n l ca ni kh v nim vui nh th, bn hy chu trch nhim v cuc
sng ca mnh. Bn hy tn dng nhng ng lc ny thc y bn hnh ng theo nhng
g bn mun nh kin tr hc bi, n bi v hon tt bi tp trc thi hn. Cht lng cng
vic ca bn ph thuc vo vic bn gn lin n vi n kh hay nim vui mt cch c thc
hay v thc. Khng c vic g t n l kh hay vui c m ch v chng ta gn vic vi ni
kh vo vic khng t c kt qu nh . Hc sinh ny khng bao gi li bing trong hc
tp, kt qu l h lun t im 9-10.
Thay vo , nhng hc sinh khc li lun c ngh rng vic hc rt cc kh, h cm
thy vui khi khng phi hc. Nhng hc sinh ny lun li bing v khng bao gi hon thnh
k hoch t mc tiu. vt qua s li bing, h c gng th tt c mi cch nhng
nhng cch ny li khng gii quyt c tn gc vn . Trong tm tr, h vn gn lin ni
kh vi vic hc, cn nim vui vi vic khng phi hc. y l l do ti sao cho d h c gng
n mc no, cui cng h vn quay li tnh trng li bing c.
Bi th, cha kha khc phc tnh trng li bing l bn phi thay i nhng vic bn
gn lin vi ni kh hoc nim vui. Bn phi hc cch gn lin nim vui vi vic hc v ni
kh vi vic li bing ngay t by gi.
Lp trnh li no b
u tin, bn hy xc nh bn mun thay i nhng hnh ng hin ti no v bn mun
thay th chng bng nhng hnh ng mi no. V d, bn c th mun thay th thi quen
"Nc n chn mi nhy" trong vic hc (li bing) ca bn bng thi quen hc tc th.
Lp trnh li no b ca bn hnh ng ngay lp tc
Bc 1
Vit ra trong khong trng bn di tt c nhng hu qu m bn c th phi gnh chu
nu bn tip tc li bing. V d, bn c th thi rt, li lp, b thy c, gia nh la ry v b
bn b ci nho. Vit ra cng nhiu hu qu cng tt lm bn cm thy tht s s hi.

Bc 2
Tn dng tr tng tng ca bn cm nhn tht r nhng ni kh c lit k pha trn
m bn phi hng chu nu tip tc li bing, bn hy tng tng nhng g bn s thy, s
nghe v s cm nhn khi gnh chu ni kh .



Bi tp thc hnh ny nhm mc ch to ra cm xc thc y bn t b thi quen xu.
V d, hy tng tng bn b im km. Khi nhn thy bn b c im cao, bn cm thy
hi hn, tc gin v tht vng v khng chun b bi sm hn. Bn cm thy au n v khng
c nhn vo trng hoc lp hc m bn la chn.
Hnh dung bn thn bn b cha m thy c la ry, bn b khinh r, hy to ra cng nhiu
cm gic au n cng tt. Tng tng v ni au cng tht cng tt.
Hy dnh ra ba pht va lm vic ngay by gi
K tip ti mun bn hy tng tng trong cuc sng ca bn s ra sao trong vng 5 nm
ti nu bn tip tc thi quen li bing ny. Ti mun bn tng tng ra tnh hung t hi
nht c th xy ra. Bn c th tng tng bn thn b b ri, khng c bn b, tht nghip v
hi hn trn tr v nhng vic trong qu kh. Mt ln na, hy s dng hnh tng, m thanh,
cm gic to ra cm xc tht s.
Hy dnh ra ba pht lm vic ngay by gi
Khi bn bt u cm thy thi thc phi vt qua s li bing, by gi bn c th
tng tng cuc sng ca bn trong 10 nm ti nu bn vn gi thi quen li bing ny.
Mt ln na, hy tng tng tnh hung ti t nht c th xy ra v bin n thnh cm gic
tht ngay by gi. V d, bn c th tng tng lng ca bn rt thp, bn phi mc nhng
b qun o xu x c k, n nhng loi thc n hng bt, trong mt cn phng tr ti tn v
hu nh khng c bn b.
Hy dnh ra ba pht v lm vic ngay by gi
Ti sao bn phi lm nhng vic ny? Bi v bn ch bt u cm thy hi hn v c g
bn c th thay i s vic khi mi vic qu mun. Ch n khi bn khng c kin thc,
khng c tin v khng c tng lai, bn mi tht ln "gi m lc trc mnh" Tht ng
tic, mi vic n lc y qu tr. Vy th, trc khi vic ny xy ra, bn hy tng tng
nhng hu qu t hi nht buc mnh phi hnh ng ngay tc th v khng bao gi phi
ni "gi m"
Bc ba:
Tip theo l gn kt cng nhiu nim vui cng tt vo thi quen mi m bn mun s hu.
Trc ht, bn hy vit ra trong khong trng di y nhng cm xc vui sng v nhng
kt qu tt p bn s nhn c nu bn chm ch hc tp.
Bc bn:
Mt ln na, y l mt bc rt quan trng lp trnh li no b ca bn. Hy tng
tng nh th bn ang cm nhn v tri nghim c nim vui tt nh mang li t vic n
bi sm. Hy tng tng bn nhn c s lin lc vi nhng im s bn hng ao c. y
l cha kha m ra cnh ca thnh cng ca bn.
Hy cm nhn s tha mn v nim hnh phc khi bn nhn c kt qu hc tp xng
ng. Hnh dung cnh bn tt nghip i hc trong s khen ngi ca gia nh, thy c, bn b.
Hy nm tri v ngt thnh cng ny mt cch tht s

By gi khi bn ngh v vic hc, bn phi cm nhn c nhiu cm xc tch cc hn
trc y. By gi, ti mun bn hy tng tng v cuc sng ca bn trong 5 nm ti tnh
t thi im m bn bt u chm ch hc tp. Bn c th hnh dung bn thn hc trong mt
trng i hc danh ting v nhn c cc hc bng c gi tr.


Cui cng, hy hnh dung bn thn bn trong 10 nm ti vi mt cng vic m bn khao
kht, hy cm nhn tht s nhng cm xc tuyt vi .
Bc nm
bc ny, bn cn phi ph v thi quen hnh ng c ca bn v lp trnh bn thn theo
mt thi quen mi. Bt u t by gi, hy thc hin nhng hnh ng m bnh thng bn
khng lm hoc thay i cch lm hin ti ca bn. Thay v git thi gi an mt cch v v
trc mn hnh tivi hoc i ng ngay khi va i hc v, bn hy n nhanh li bi hoc c
sch. Thm ch bn nn chy b hoc tp th dc trong chc lt.
Con ngi ai cng c thi quen, chng ta cn phi ph v nhng thi quen xu khin ta
lun lun tht bi.
Cui cng, lp li hai bi thc hnh tng tng trn thng xuyn (t nht hai ln mt
tun) cho n khi bn lp trnh c hnh ng mi ca bn.
Bi hc t cuc sng: Cather ine vt qua s li bing bng cch no
Mt trong nhng ngi bn ca ti-Cather ine- chia s vi ti cch c vt qua s li
bing ca mnh. Cather ine l hc sinh gii nht trong vng hai nm lin mt trng trung
hc danh ting Sin ga pore. C qu trng gic ng v nhng gi pht ngh ngi, th gin.
C lun quan nim rng nu c c tip tc tr hon vic lm bi tp th c s phi ng t
hn v c t thi gi an ngh ngi, th gin hn sau ny. Chnh v th, c gn lin ni kh vi
vic li hc v nim vui vi vic hc, n bi, lm bi ngay lp tc. Quan nim n gin ny
thc y c tn dng ti u c thi gi an hc v vn ln dn u trng i hc quc
gia Sin ga pore.
Vi mo khc thc y hnh ng ngay lp tc
Ngoi vic lp trnh no b ca bn, sau y l mt vi vic khc bn c th lm vt
qua s li bing. Tt c nhng mo ny u da trn mt quy lut: gn lin ni kh vi s
li bing v gn lin nim vui vi hnh ng.
T cam kt vi bn thn.
Cch tt nht thuyt phc bn thn hnh ng l bn phi t cam kt l bn s hnh
ng t mc tiu, mi ngi u mun t im 10 nhng khng phi ai cng quyt tm
hnh ng t c n. S khc bit gia vic mun mt chuyn g vi quyt tm t
c n nm ch "quyt tm". iu c ngha l bn phi t mc tiu hc tp ln trn ht
tt c cc vn khc trong cuc sng. Nu bn mun bin gic m thnh hin thc, bn phi
chc chn rng bn quyt tm t c n ch khng ch n thun l thch c c n.
Bn phi vit bn cam kt ca bn trn giy theo cch m bn xc nh mc tiu. K tn
vo bn cam kt ny v a cho cha m, bn b xem lm chng. K tip, dn t cam kt ca
bn ln tng bn c th nh vic ny mi ngy.
Qung b v bn cam kt ca bn.
Vic t cam kt vi bn thn c sc mnh phi thng, nhng vn khng . L do l v a
s mi ngi u tm c li bin h cho vic khng thc hin c bn cam kt. Bi th,
bn phi qung b bn cam kt ca bn.
Hy ni vi bn b, thy c, cha m, thm ch h hng ca bn l bn s t 7 im 10
trong k thi. Liu mi ngi c ci nho bn khng?
Nu h ci nho bn, thay v cm thy mt tinh thn, hy s nho bng ny lm ng
lc thc y bn. Tht s, h cng ci nho bn bao nhiu th cng tt by nhiu. Bng cch
a uy tn ca mnh ra t cc, bn khng cn la chn no khc ngoi vic phi hnh ng
quyt lit.


Thng xuyn xem li cc mc tiu ca bn
Xem li cc mc tiu ca bn hng ngy, c bit l nhng mong mun c th ca bn. L
do v li ch ca vic t c nhng mc tiu . Vic ny gip tm tr bn lun tp trung v
i ng hng. Thng thng, nhng yu t khch quan bn ngoi lun nh hng bn. Do
, vic xem li mc tiu s gip bn khng i lnh hng.
T thng cho bn thn.

Mt iu rt quan trng l bn phi bit cch t thng cho bn thn khi bn hon thnh
tng chng ng nh i ti mc tiu. Mi khi bn t c mt iu g d rt nh nht
nh lm bi kim tra tt hoc np bi v nh ng hn, hy t thng cho mnh. Hy ngh
ngi th gin bng cch i do hoc nh xem tivi.
T thng, bn phi t trng pht mnh bt c khi no bn li bing. Nu bn li bing
v khng lm xong bi tp ng hn, bn phi thc khuya vo m hm sau hon tt bi tp
. Thm ch, bn cng khng xem chng trnh tivi a thch ca bn nu bn li bing.
CHNG 14: CNG THC T IM TUYT I
Ti lun tin rng c mt cng thc hoc phng php chung gip cc hc sinh gii t
thnh tch cao trong hc tp. Ni cch khc, thnh cng lun c b quyt ring ca n. Nu
chng ta nm c b quyt , chng ta c th t c kt qu tng t.

Bn c bao gi t hi lm th no m mt s bn b ca bn khng cn b nhiu thi gi an
hc m vn t im 10 mt cch d dng khng? Trong khi , bn phi thc khuya thc
hm n li hng ng ti liu trc k thi m vn ch nhn c im trung bnh m thi.
Trong chng ny, ti mun chia s vi bn mt s cng thc b mt gip tt c cc hc sinh
gii gim ti thiu thi gi an hc m vn t kt qu ti a.
Cng thc mt: Kin nh
Mt c tnh chung m ti nhn thy tt c nhng hc sinh gii l h rt kin nh trong
hc tp. iu ny c ngha l h lun trong t th sn sng tr li bt c cu hi no v bi
ging h va c hc.
Nhng hc sinh ny duy tr s kin nh m bo rng h hiu ton b bi ging. Mt
khc, hu ht cc hc sinh cn li khng h kin nh. Trong sut nm hc, h gn nh khng
h hc hay c hiu ht v nhng g ang c hc. Khi k thi n gn, h bt u hong s,
hc bi chm ch, thc m thc hm vi hy vng tip thu c ton b kin thc ch trong
vng mt thng ngn ngi. Hu qu l h thng nhn im km mc d h c v rt chm
ch.
Phng php gi vng s kin nh.
Di y l mt s cch hu ch nhm gip bn lun kin nh trong sut nm hc. Ti
pht hin ra y l nhng cch m tt c cc bn hc sinh gii s dng.
c bi trc khi nghe ging
Bn c cm thy kh theo kp nhng g thy gio ging trong lp khng? ng lo lng,
bn khng phi l ngi duy nht. Sau 20 pht nghe ging, hu ht hc sinh u c khuynh
hng lo ra hoc khng th tip thu thm na. Khi lp hc kt thc, h ch hiu c khong
30% bi ging v nh c khong 10%. Sang ngy hm sau, h ch cn nh c 2% hoc t
hn. Tht lng ph thi gi an hc trong lp.


Nhng hc sinh gii mt khc li hiu v nh c 100% bi ging khi kt thc lp hc.
Lm th no m h lm c nh th ? l nh vo vic h tm hiu v chng sch m
thy gio s ging trc khi h n lp. Sau , h c sch trc khi nghe ging v ghi ch
bng sdtd. V h c sch trc v to sdtd, h rt d dng theo kp bi ging ca thy.
Tp trung v t cu hi.
Bn c thc mc "Nu mnh c sch ri, vy th mnh cn g n lp v nghe ging v
nhng g mnh bit lm g? Ti tin rng cng vic ca thy khng ch l dy bn v
nhng d kin m cn gip bn hiu r nhng ch bn cha hiu.
Bi th, bn hy tn dng bi ging ca thy lm sng t nhng vn bn cn ln cn,
cng nh gip no bn ghi nh kin thc tt hn. Nu bn lm c iu ny, bn s tht s
hiu r v ghi nh 100% bi hc trc khi ra khi lp.
n nhanh bi trong vng 24 ting
Trn ng t trng v nh, bn hy nhm n nhanh bi va hc. Vic ny gip tr nh
bn lu gi kin thc lu hn nhiu. Ngoi ra, sau 24 ting, bn cng nn p dng phng
php n bi nh hng dn Chng 10. Trc khi k thi n, bn s c th th gin v
bn hc mi th trong nm hc.
Lun hon tt bi tp v nh trc khi n lp.
Bng vic hon tt bi tp v nh trc khi n lp, bn s tn dng c thi gi an mt
cch ti a. Bn s bit c nhng ch bn cn yu, nhng vn bn gp kh khn v khc
phc chng sm hn. Thm vo , bi tp v nh s gip bn bit c l liu bn hiu
ton b nhng g c hc hay cha.
Tm hiu li trong bi tp v nh
Nu bn lm sai bi tp v nh, ng b qua 1 bn. Bn hy tm hiu ti sao bn lm sai
ngay lp tc. Nu khng, bn s c th phm li trong bi thi.
CNG THC 2: RT KINH NGHIM SAU KHI PHM LI
Khng nh a s hc sinh ngh, nhng hc sinh gii khng phm li t hn nhng hc sinh
km. Ngc li, h phm li nhiu hn bt c ai khc. Khc ch l h ch phm li trong lc
lm bi tp v rt kinh nghim trc k thi. Cho nn, h rt him khi phm li trong lc thi.
Phm li gip bn kim tra kin thc mt cch tt nht
Khi bn phm li trong bi tp v nh hoc bi kim tra trong lp, khng c ngha l bn
s sut i phm l v khng bao gi lm tt c. Phm li ch n thun gip bn pht hin
ra rng bn cha tht s hiu bi v cha p dng kin thc tt. Quan trng l bn phi bit
khc phc li v rt ra kinh nghim
Hy vic phm li gip bn, khng phi lm hi bn

Hy thay i cch nhn ca bn v vic phm li. Nhng hc sinh gii xem vic phm li
l du hiu cho bit rng phng php hin ti ca h khng hp l. Kt qu l h lin tc thay
i cch hc cho n khi h c th chun b tht chu o cho k thi.
Khng c tht bi, ch c b cuc
Min l bn rt ra kinh nghim t tht bi v vic phm li, iu chnh phng php hc
ca bn, cui cng bn s thnh cng. Tuy nhin, nu bn b cuc v phm li, bn qu tht
tht bi ngay t lc .
BI HC T CUC SNG: NGI KHNG BIT N THT BI


Hu ht nhng danh nhn hoc nhng nh kinh doanh thnh t u t chn ln nh vinh
quang sau khi vt qua nhng th thch to ln c th nh bi a s nhng ngi bnh thng
khc. Tuy nhin, ngi m cuc i ng khin ti ngng m nht l ngi .

Ngi n ng ny l Abra ham Lin coln, mt trong nhng v tng thng M c tn
trng nht. Mc d tht bi lin tip, ng vn tin rng ng xng ng nhn c nhng thnh
cng v i. i vi ng, tht bi ch n thun l mt trong nhng du hiu m ch rng ng
phi tip tc thay i cch thc hnh ng, lm vic chm ch hn cho n khi ng t c
mc tiu to ln nht. Bi th, mi khi bn phm li v ngh rng n y l ht, hy ngh n
Abra ham Lin coln.
CCH THC 3: TN DNG TRIT CC BI TP THC HNH V BI KIM
TRA
Nhiu hc sinh khng nhn ra c s quan trng ca bi tp thc hnh v bi kim tra.
H xem y nh mt gnh nng trong hc tp. Nhng bi kim tra tht ra l cng c nh v
c bn ang dng u trn con ng i n thnh cng.
Nu bn lun nhn im km trong cc bi kim tra, rt kh m bn t im 10 trong k
thi hc k. Nu bn kin nh, hiu c bi v lm tt trong cc ln kim tra, chc chn bn
s lm bi thi tt. Trc khi chng ta c th tn dng trit nhng bi kim tra ny ci
thin bn thn, chng ta phi lm hai vic. l c gng lm bi kim tra ht sc mnh v rt
kinh nghim sau mi bi kim tra.
C gng lm bi kim tra tht tt
Ch khi chng ta chun b tht k cho bi kim tra, chng ta mi c th phn tch kt qu
nhn c pht hin im yu tht s hoc khng nh im mnh ca chng ta. Nhiu hc
sinh khng bn tm n vic hc bi lm kim tra. Cho nn, khi hc b im km, h khng
th bit c kt qu km ny l do cch h hc cha ng hay ch do l h cha tht s c
gng. Hu qu l h khng bit c h cn phi ci thin nhng ch no.
Rt kinh nghim sau mi ln kim tra
Lm bi kim tra v lm bi thi ch c ch nu bn rt kinh nghim v kt qu m bn nhn
c. Rt kinh nghim l phn tch ti sao bn phm li. Mt khi bn bit c iu ny, bn
c th sa cha khuyt im. Chc chn nu gp cu hi tng t ln na bn s khng
phm li tng t. Trc khi i thi, bn phi bo m rng bn s khng phm li no na.
Xc nh dng li m bn phm
Vic u tin bn phi lm khi nhn li bi kim tra hoc bi thi c chm im l
phi xc nh dng li m bn phm. Tng cng c 4 dng li hoc 4 l do ti sao bn tr
li sai cu hi.
Dng 1: Khng chun b bi (C)
Dng li ny u tin l do bn khng chun b bi hoc khng hc bi . Kt qu l bn
khng bit cch tr li cu hi. Thng thng iu ny xy ra l do bn khng thi gi an n
bi hoc ngh rng bi s khng xut hin trong bi kim tra.
Dng 2: Qun bi (Q)
Dng li ny xy ra l do bn khng th nh c cc d kin mc d c th l bn
dnh thi gi an n bi v hiu ra c cc bi lin quan.
Dng 3: Khng th p dng kin thc (A)
Dng li th ba xut hin khi bn hc bi, nh bi nhng li khng bit cch p dng
nhng g bn hc tr li cu hi. c bit l khi bn gp dng cu hi i hi bn phi suy
ngh nhiu hn l ch vit ra nhng g bn nh.


V d, bn c th hc v ghi nh nhng cng thc tnh tc , vn tc v gia tc. Tuy
nhin, bn khng th tr li c cc cu hi vt l v n yu cu bn phi p dng cng thc
theo cch m bn khng hiu c.
Bn cng c th phm li ny khi ch n thun vit ra cc d kin trong khi cu hi cn
s phn tch, so snh im ging v khc nhau hoc gii thch.
Dng 4: Bt cn (B)
Dng li ny thng thng nht ca cc hc sinh hc hnh chm ch, ghi nh kin thc v
h bit p dng kin thc. Tuy nhin, h vn tr li cu hi sai, n gin ch v h bt cn. Li
ny cn c gi l "li ngu ngc". Bn thng ch phm li ny trong khi lm bi thi. Khi v
nh v th tr li li cu hi , bn li c th tr li chnh xc. Li ny thng xy ra trong
mn vt l, ton hc, ha hc.
nh du li cc li bt cn, ghi ch ch "B" k bn . Nu bn khng chun b bi, ghi
ch ch "C". Tng t, ghi ch ch "A" cho phn cu hi bn khng hiu cch p dng kin
thc v ch "Q" cho phn cu hi bn khng nh g hc.
Ti sao chng ta phi phn loi li?
Bn phi xc nh v phn tch cc dng li m bn phm phi trong bi kim tra bit
c kh nng tht s ca bn.
Hy ti cho bn mt v d. Gi s Nam v Hoa u nhn im 5 cho bi kim tra mn
ha hc. C v nh h c thc lc ngang nhau trong mn hc ny. Tuy nhin, nu bn pht
hin ra tt c nhng li Nam phm phi u l li bt cn (B) v li ca Hoa l do c y khng
bit p dng kin thc c hc (A). Vy l bn bit rng tht ra Nam hc gii ha hn
Hoa. Namch cn tm cch ngn nga s bt cn trong khi Hoa phi hc nhiu hn na.
Bc 2: Tim cch khc phc li
Dng 1: Khng chun b bi (C)
Dng li u tin ny rt d gii quyt. Nu bn lin tc thi rt v khng hc nhng
chng cn thit th cu tr li l bn phi ln k hoch sao cho bn c thi gi an chun b
tt c kin thc cho k thi. Nm c lch thi s gip bn ln k hoch phn chia thi gi an
hp l.
Dng 2: Qun bi (Q)
Nu l do ca vic bn khng lm bi tt l v bn qun kin thc nhanh chng, l do
bn s dng sai cch ghi nh d kin. Bn cn phi p dng cc quy lut ca Tr Nh Siu
ng v H Thng Tr Nh c hc chng 8,9 v chng 10.
Mt l do khc l bn khng n bi y . Trong Chng 10 v chng 17, bn s thy
rng bn cn n t nht ba ln trc k thi.
Dng 3: Khng th p dng kin thc (A)
Nu bn pht hin ra rng bn khng th p dng nhng g bn c v ghi nh, l v
bn khng dnh thi gi an thc tp tr li cc dng bi tp c th ra thi. Bn c th ch
lm mt vi cu hi mu trong k thi nhng iu khng . Bn phi lm tt c cc dng
cu hi t d n kh.
Trong chng 11, bn bit rng bn phi xem sch gio khoa, bi tp v nh, cc bi
kim tra, cc thi nm trc tng hp tt c cc dng cu hi khc nhau c th ra thi,
ri sau l hc cc bc gii quyt chng.
Dng 4: Bt cn
Trc khi bn c th gii quyt c vn li bt cn, bn phi hiu ti sao bn phm li
y. Cc li bt cn l kt qu ca vic khng tp trung c cu hi hoc a ra cu tr li vi
vng do thi gi an c hn trong phong thi. C ba cch khc phc vn ny.


1. Dnh thi gi an kim tra li bi
Lun lun dnh khong na ting kim tra li cu tr li ca bn. Nu thi gi an thi quy
nh l 3 ting, bn nn c gng tr li tt c cu hi trong vng 2 ting ri ri dnh na ting
cn li kim tra cc cu tr li mt cch chi tit. Ch v cc li bt cn bn hay phm phi
khi lm bi tp v nh.
2. c nhp ming cu hi v cu tr li
tp trung cao hn, bn hy th nhp ming khi bn c cu hi v vit cu tr li.
3. Thc tp tr li cu hi nhiu hn
Trc k thi, thc tp cc dng cu hi c th ra thi nhiu ln cho n khi thng tho
cc bc gii quyt vn . Trong phng thi, bn s c th tr li nhng cu hi ny mt cch
chnh xc.
CNG THC 4: CNG THC T IM TUYT I
Tt c 3 cng thc m chng ta cp pha trn c th c tm tt thnh 1 cng thc
ti u thnh cng trong hc tp v lun t im tuyt i.

Bc u tin l xc nh mc tiu r rng, c th v thnh qu bn mun t c. Chng
ta tho lun v vic ny trong Chng 12.
Xc nh mc tiu cng khng ch g tr khi bn ra mt k hoch hnh ng bc th
2 t mc tiu . Quyn sch ny cha ng hng lot nhng phng php hc Siu ng
m bn c th p dng.
Bc 3 l bn phi hnh ng kin nh theo k hoch ca bn. Trong chng 13 v 16, ti
phc tho nhng ng lc dng thc y bn hnh ng mt cch kin nh.
Khi bn hnh ng, c 2 kh nng xy ra. Kh nng th nht l bn t kt qu tt p v
tin li gn mc tiu ca bn. Bn bt u t im 10 cho cc bi tp v bi kim tra. y
chnh l mi tn "thnh cng" mu xanh trong biu pha trc.
Thng thng, bn c th khng t kt qu nh ngay lp tc. Chng ta c th vn ch
nhn c kt qu thp hn d nh. Mc d n lc rt nhiu trong mn ton, chng ta vn c
th ch nhn kt qu yu km. Chng ta khng h tin li gn mc tiu mt cht no. Nhiu
ngi ngh y chnh l tht bi. Tuy nhin, nhng g xy ra cho bn khng quyt nh c
thnh cng ca bn m chnh cch phn ng ca bn vi nhng vic ny mi quyt nh thnh
cng ca bn. C 3 cch chng ta c th phn ng vi nhng "tht bi" nh th.
Nhm u tin c th phn ng li bng cch bo rng h tht bi. H t ni vi bn
thn rng h tht bi v h khng kh nng hoc v vic ny qu kh. H bt u tm kim
li bin h, trch mc thy c hoc tha cho bi kim tra. Cui cng h b cuc v cho
rng c gng thm v ch. Cch phn ng ny l cch phn ng ca nhng k tht bi thc s.

Nhm th 2 s phn ng bng cch ni rng h tht bi l do h khng chun b bi k.
Kt qu l h tip tc hnh ng nhiu hn na. H danh nhiu thi gi an v n lc hn trong
vic hc cho k thi k tip. Mc d c tin b nhiu, h khng bao gi t kt qu tt m h
hng ti. Sau mt thi gi an, h bt u cm thy chn nn v b cuc. Bn thy , mc d
h hc hnh chm ch hn, h vn hc theo cch hc km hiu qu trc . Nhng phng
php hc khng hiu qu lun mang li cho bn nhng kt qu t hi nh nhau cho d bn rt
c gng.



Nhm th 3 phn ng theo cch s a h n thnh cng. Khi h khng t c mc
tiu, h khng xem l tht bi. H xem ch l 1 bi hc. H hiu rng h t kt qu
khg nh l v h p dng phng php hoc hnh ng khng hiu qu. V vy, h phi
linh hot thay i phng php v hnh ng mt ln na. Nu h vn khng t mc tiu, h
xem xt li phng php, thay i nhiu hn na cho n khi h t c mc tiu. Ni cch
khc, h lm bt c vic g thnh cng.

y l con ng bn cn phi i. Nu bn nhn c nhng kt qu t hi dc ng,
hy xem ch l nhng bi hc. Sau hy m rng tm nhn, p dng nhng phng php
mi bn hc c trong quyn sch ny v lin tc thnh cng. Nu bn lm c iu ny,
cui cng bn s t c mc tiu ca bn.
CHNG 15: THI GI AN L TIN BC
LM CH THI GI AN, LM CH CUC SNG
Ti lun ngng m nhng hc sinh khng ch xut sc m cn dnh c nhiu thi gi an
tham gia vo cc hot ng ngoi kha. H thng nm gi nhng v tri quan trng cc cu
lc b trong trng v ngoi x hi. H t im cao trong hc tp, i thi u th thao cho
trng, gi chc ch nhim cc cu lc b khoa hc, v trn ht, h l nhng thnh vin tch
cc trong on, i. Ti lun t hi "Lm th no m h c nhiu thi gi an n th?"
Mt khc, nhng hc sinh km than phin rng l do h nhn kt qu thi km l do h
khng c thi gi an. Tuy nhin, nhng hc sinh ny thng khng tch cc tham gia hot ng
ngoi kha nh nhng hc sinh gii.
Ti sao li nh vy? Tt c mi ngi u c 24 gi mt ngy. Thi gi an l th ti sn m
ai cng c chia u. Cho d bn l mt hc sinh gii, mt hc sinh km. Tng thng nc
M hay mt ngi gc cng, bn cng ch c cng mt lng thi gi an nh nhau. Thi gi an
l th duy nht m chng ta khng th mua c. Tuy nhin, ti sao mt ngi nh tng thng
M li c thi gi an qun l c mt quc gia trong khi ngi gc cng li than phin rng
ng ta khng th kim ra thi gi an hc?

S khc bit l do nhng ngi thnh cng trong cuc sng bit cch qun l thi gi an.
Chng ta khng th thay i c thi gi an nhng c th kim sot c cch s dng thi gi
an ca chng ta. Nu bn lm ch c thi gi an, bn s lm ch c cuc sng.
BN S DNG THI GI AN NH TH NO

Nhng ngi thnh cng c v nh c rt nhiu thi gi an t c mc tiu v h bit
cch s dng thi gi an. Mt khc, nhng ngi bnh thng mi ngy lng ph nhiu thi gi
an qu bu m khng hay bit.
Thi gi an l tin bc. Mi pht tri qua l mi pht bn tiu pha. Nu bn khng bit cch
s dng thi gi an khn ngoan, bn s khng nhn c g c. Nu bn dnh thi gi an c
sch, bn ang mua kin thc bng thi gi an. Nu bn thi gi an tri qua mt cch v ch,
bn ang vt hnh ng tin qua ca s. Cho nn, bn hy cn thn trong cch s dng thi gi
an.



THI GI AN B LNG PH KHI NO?
Mt vic c coi l lng ph thi gi an khi n khng hng n mc tiu xc nh. Ni
cch khc, nhng vic ny khng gip bn mc tiu v hc tp, mc tiu v ti chnh, mc tiu
v sc khe, th thao V d, nu mc tiu ca bn l t tt c im 10 trong k thi sp ti,
nhng bn dnh bn ting mi ngy chi bng vi bn b. Vic chi bng c coi l
lng ph thi gi an. Tuy nhin, nu bn quyt tm tr thnh cu th bng cp quc gia, vic
rn luyn bn ting mt ngy khng phi l lng ph thi gi an.
Nu bn vit ra "hc trng" t 9-10 gi sng, c phi l khong thi gi an ny khng b
lng ph khng? Cu tr li cn ph thuc vo nhiu yu t. Nu bn thng xuyn ni chuyn
trong gi hc, khng tp trung nghe ging, kt qu l bn khng hc c g c, bn cng lng
ph mt gi ng h cho d bn "hc trng". Cc hot ng nh ng, i tm c th lm
lng ph thi gi an nu bn tn qu nhiu thi gi an cho chng. V d, nu bn ng 12 ting 1
ngy, ti s ni l bn ang lng ph thi gi an v chng ta thng ch cn ng 7 ting mt
ngy l .
MT BI TON GY SNG ST

By gi, bn hy cng tt c thi gi an (tnh theo gi) m bn thng lng ph trong mt
ngy. Ly s ny, gi s l 6 gi, nhn ln vi 365 ngy. Bn s c s gi b lng ph trong 1
nm.
K tip, nhn s ny ln 80 nm (gi s bn th 80 tui), bn s c tng s gi m bn lng
ph trong sut cuc i.
K tip, chuyn s gi ny (175.200 gi) thnh s nm bng cch chia cho 24 ri ly kt
qu chia cho 365.
Nh vy, nu trung bnh bn lng ph 6 gi mi ngy (rt ph bin vi hc sinh trung bnh
kh), bn s lng ph 20 nm trong cuc i bn. Hy suy nh v nhng thnh cng v i c
th c nu bn tn dng c thm 20 nm .
HIU QU CA VIC U TIN CNG VIC.
Nhng ngi thnh t lm ch thi gi an bng cch sp xp u tin cng vic. V chng
ta ai cng c 24 gi mi ny, bn phi u tin nhng vic gip ta tin n gn mc tiu.
Nhng vic ny s gip bn t c mc tiu v thnh cng hn trong mi lnh vc cuc
sng.
Nhng ngi bnh thng khng ai bit c iu ny, do h thng u tin lm nhng
vic khng a h n u c. H tn 24 gi cho nhng cng vic khng hp l. H tp trung
lm nhng vic nh nht nh i chi, i xem ca nhc hoc khng lm vic g c.
hiu c s khc nhau trong vic s dng thi gi an mi ngy ca chng ta, bn hy
xem xt bng thng tin di y.

Theo bng thng tin trn, theo hng ngang l nhng hot ng hng n mc tiu (gip
chng ta thnh cng) v khng hng n mc tiu (khng gip chng ta thnh cng). Mt s
hot ng khng hng n mc tiu cng cn thit v chng ta s kit sc nu ch tp trung
vo nhng hot ng hng n mc tiu. i khi chng ta cn th gin, xem tivi gim bt
cng thng trong cng vic. Tuy nhin, qu nhiu thi gi an danh cho nhng hot ng khng
hng n mc tiu l s lng ph rt ln.


Bn cnh , theo hng dc, chng ta phn loi nhng vic khn cp cn hnh ng ngay
v nhng vic khng khn cp c th tr hon. Kt hp hng dc v hng ngang, chng ta thy
rng c bn cch chng ta s dng thi gi an: (U1) Hnh ng khn cp hng n mc tiu,
(U2) Hnh ng khng khn cp hng n mc tiu, (U3) Hnh ng khn cp khng hng
n mc tiu, (U4) Hnh ng khng khn cp khng hng n mc tiu. Chng ta hy cng
tho lun v tng cch.
(U1) HNH NG KHN CP HNG N MC TIU
Tt c chng ta u dnh thi gi an lm nhng vic khn cp hng n mc tiu. Nhng
vic ny rt quan trng cn chng ta hnh ng ngay tc khc. Chng bao gm lm bi tp v
nh cho ngy hm sau, gp rt hon thnh mt bi thuyt trnh trn lp, chun b cho bi kim
tra hoc dy em lm bi tp v nh. Dng vic ny c xp loi u tin (U1) do tnh cht
quan trng khn cp ca n. y l nhng vic lm u tin trong ngy chim thi gi an ca
chng ta.
Mt s cng vic dng ny cc k khn cp nh chm sc cha m m hoc chun b cho
bi kim tra t xut ngy mai. Tuy nhin, rt nhiu cng vic khn cp hng n mc tiu
li c to ra do s li bing ca chng ta. Khi chng ta lin tc tr hon vic lm bi tp,
khng chun b bi thuyt trnh, li bing khng n bi n khi cn ngy thi, chng ta buc
phi khn cp khi khng cn thi gi an. Nu chng ta lm nhng vic sm hn th u phi
lm gp rt vo pht cui.
Nhng vic khn cp hng n mc tiu ny khin chng ta cc k cng thng dn n
kt qu khng nh . n bi gp rt cho bi kim tra khin im s t hn nhiu so vi khi
bn chun b bi t sm.
Nu bn nhn thy bn dnh nhiu thi gi an cho nhng vic nh th ny, rt c th bn l
loi ngi li bing hoc "nc n chn mi nhy". Chng ta nn c gng gim thi gi an
cho nhng vic U1 bng cch ln k hoch hp l. Chng ta nn dnh nhiu thi gian hn lm
nhng vic hng n mc tiu khi chng vn cha khn cp (U2)
(U2) HNH NG KHNG KHN CP HNG N MC TIU
Mc d y l cch s dng hu ht thi gi an ca nhng ngi thnh cng, nhiu ngi
trong chng ta li khng s dng thi gi an theo cch ny. Nhng vic khng khn cp hng
n mc tiu l nhng vic quan trng t n mc tiu nhng chng ta khng cn phi
hnh ng tc th. Nhng vic ny bao gm n bi thi sm, bt tay vo lm nhng n c
gi ao ngay lp tc, lp S T Duy trc khi nghe ging, ln thi gi an biu, tp th dc
bui sng
Dng vic ny c xp loi u tin 2 (U2). Mt khi bn hon tt cc vic U1, bn phi
dnh thi gi an lm nhng vic U2. Mc d nhng vic ny khng khn cp, bn vn phi lm
ngay t hiu qu cao v thnh cng. ng tic, a s hc sinh b qua nhng vic ny v
chng c v khng khn cp. Thay vo , h li dnh thi gi an lm nhng vic U3. Bn s
thy rng nhng vic U3 tuy c v khn cp nhng tht ra ch lm lng ph thi gi an ca bn.

Nhng hc sinh dnh hu ht thi gi an lm nhng vic U2 l nhng hc sinh bit cch u
t thi gi an v ln k hoch trc. Tng t nh nhng nh u t nhy bn, nhng hc sinh
ny u t thi gi an vo vic rt quan trng i vi h v lu di. Kt qu l h s gt hi
c nhng thnh qu tt p trong tng lai. Bn phi ln k hoch dnh nhiu thi gi an cho
nhng vic ny.
(U3) HNH NG KHN CP KHNG HNG N MC TIU


Nhng vic khn cp khng hng n mc tiu l nhng vic c v quan trng cn hon
tt ngay tc khc. Tuy nhin, nhng vic ny tht ra khng quan trng g c v chng khng
gip bn thnh cng. Chng bao gm tr li tin nhn, ni chuyn in thoi, i xem phim mi,
xem chng trnh tivi a thch Nhng vic U3 ny ch nn lm khi bn hon tt tt c cc
vic U1 v U2 ca bn.

Nhiu hc sinh nhn thy rng mnh lm rt nhiu vic U3. Bi th, h cm thy rt bn
rn m khng bao gi t kt qu tt. Nhng ngi dnh nhiu thi gi an cho vic U3 l
nhng ngi d b phn tm bi mi th xung quanh.
Bn phi hng ti vic gim nhiu thi gi an vo nhng vic ny bng cch hc n trnh
p lc t bn b v t chi nhng hot ng khng gip bn t c mc tiu. Mc d mt s
bn b c th s cm thy bn khng ha ng, h s n phc bn trong tng lai sau ny.
(U4) HNH NG KHNG KHN CP KHNG HNG N MC TIU
Loi vic cui cng ny ch dnh cho nhng ngi li bing. Nhng vic ny bao gm
ng qu nhiu, xem tivi qu nhiu, lt mng v ti v, n khng ngi ri.
Mc d i khi lm mt s vic U4 rt th v, nhng vic ny phi c xp cui cng
trong bng u tin cng vic ca chng ta. Bn ch nn ngh n chng sau khi hon tt mi
vic U1, U2, U3. Nu khng, chng s git cht tng lai ca bn.

Nu bn thy rng bn dnh nhiu thi gi an cho nhng vic U4, bn phi bt u thay i
cch sng ngay by gi hoc l cuc sng ca bn s rt bt hnh.
LM TH NO U TIN THI GI AN
Nu chng ta c th s dng thi gi an theo bn cch, chng ta cn phi phn chia thi gi
an nh th no cho tng loi vic?
i vi hu ht cc hc sinh trung bnh, h c khuynh hng tp trung vo nhng vic
khn cp rt nhiu v h c qu nhiu vic loi ny do tnh li bing v thch tr hon. H s
lm nhng vic U1 v U3. Thi gi an cn li, thng l rt t, s c dnh cho nhng vic t
khn cp nh U2 v U4.
Kt qu l h lun cm thy bn rn, u c lun cng thng, lm vic km hiu qu v
nhn nhng kt qu t hi.
Thay vo , bn nn u tin thi gi an theoc cch sau. u tin, ln k hoch thc hin tt
c nhng vic U1 ca bn. Sau khi c k hoch hp l, bn c th gim thiu ti a thi gi an
vo vic ny. K tip, ln k hoch dnh tht nhiu thi gi an vo nhng vic U2. Mc d
nhng vic ny khng khn cp, bn phi t ng vin bn thn lm nhng vic ny mi ngy.
Thi gi an cn li c th dnh cho nhng vic khng hng n mc tiu nh U3 v U4.
LM TH NO SP XP THI GI AN
By gi bn bit c nhng vic cn lm theo th t u tin, chng ta phi hc cch
ln k hoch thc hin nhng cng vic hng ngy ca chng ta.
Bn cht con ngi l nu khng ln k hoch cho nhng vic quan trng, chng ta s lun
tr hon v khng bao gi bt u lm. Nguyn do l chng ta hay b li ko dnh thi gi an
cho nhng vic khc thay v nhng vic m chng ta nn lm. bao nhiu ln bn ni rng
"Khi no ti c thi gi an, ti s", nhng cui cng li khng bao gi lm vic ?
Bn sn sng bt u vic qun l thi gi an cha? Tuyt lm! Vic u tin l bn cn
cso 1 quyn s tay c phn sp xp cng vic theo thng v theo tun.
- Phn sp xp cng vic theo thng bn ln k hoch tng thng cho c nm


- Phn sp xp cng vic theo tun l bn ln k hoch theo tun v theo ngy.
K hoch hng thng cho c nm
Vo u nm hc, bn lun nn dnh 1 ngy ln k hoch cho c nm. lm iu ny,
bn hy dng phn sp xp cng vic theo thng trong s tay ca bn. Phn ny cha ng tt
c cc ngy trong mi thng vo 1 hoc 2 trang.
Bc 1: nh du nhng s kin quan trng
Vic u tin bn nn lm l nh du tt c nhng s kin quan trng trong nm. Nhng
s kin ny bao gm lch thi, lch kim tra, thi hn np n
Xc nh thi gi an biu
Vic k tip l tm hiu bao nhiu chng sch cho mi mn hc trong nm. V d, bn
phi hc 24 chng ton hc, 30 chng a l Cng tt c li bit c tng s chng
bn s cn hc trong nm .
Bc 2: Phc tho k hoch
By gi, bn phc tho k hoch khi no bn cn hc tng chng trong sut c nm.
L tng nht l bn nn ln k hoch hon tt tt c cc chng trong khong khong 2 thng
trc k thi cui nm. V d, nu bn c 24 chng lch s v 10 thng trc k thi cui nm,
bn phi hc ba chng lch s mi thng. Bn c th ln k hoch hc 1 chng lch s vo
mi th ba ca tun th nht, tun th 2 v tun th ba trong thng. Tun th t th dng n li
nhng chng lch s hc. Mi ln hc, bn nn tn dng cch hc hiu qu. S T
Duy v cc k thut hc siu ng khc t hiu qu cao nht.
Xc nh k hoch c nm tc l bn ln k hoch cho cc vic U2 m thi. y l nhng
vic khng khn cp hng n mc tiu ca bn. Mt khi bn hon tt k hoch c nm,
bn nn c nhng k hoch hng tun chi tit hn.
K HOCH HNG TUN
Mi ch nht hng tun, bn nn dnh 1 t thi gi an ln k hoch cho tun ti (by ngy)
phn sp xp cng vic theo tun trong s tay ca bn. Phn ny hin th mt tun trong mt
n hai trang. K hoch hng tun s c th hn nhiu so vi k hoch hng thng cho c nm.
K hoch hng tun ca bn nn bao gm tt c cc vic bn cn lm mi ngy trong by
ngy trong tun. K hoch hng thng ca bn ch a ra nhng vic U2, do bn phi thm
cc vic U1 vo k hoch hng tun. Cui cng, thm cc vic U3 v U4. Xin nh rng hu
ht thi gi an ca bn nn dnh cho nhng vic U1 (20%) v U2 (60%). Thi gi an cn li s
c dnh cho nhng vic U3 v U4 khng quan trng.
KIM TRA K HOCH NGY MAI VO MI BUI TI
nh thi gi an c th cho tng vic
Mi ti, xem xt cc vic cn lm cho ngy mai v phn phi thi gi an c th cho tng
vic. Xc nh mt h thng thi gi an chi tit nhm gip bn trnh vic li bing v ni rng
"Ti s lm vic ny sau"/
Bm st thi gi an biu ca bn
Cho d chuyn g xy ra i na, bn cng phi ht sc k lut vi bn thn hon tt
nhng vic ln k hoch trc khi i ng. Thm ch cho d bn c phi b l chng trnh
tivi yu thch ca bn hoc ng t i 1 cht. S t trng pht bn thn s gip bn nhn ra ci
gi phi tr cho vic lng ph thi gi an v tr hon cng vic.
iu chnh li k hoch lm vic
R rng cho d bn c gng tun th k hoch n mc no, cng s c nhng vic U1 bt
ng xy ra khin bn khng th no hon tt k hoch d nh. Ch khi no bn khng cn la
chn no khc, bn mi nn iu chnh li k hoch lm vic cho ngy mai hoc ngy hm sau


na. Tuy nhin, hy cn thn khng nn iu chnh k hoch thng xuyn. Nu khng, bn s
ln na mi v chng bao gi hon thnh bt c vic g
Lu
-Lun lun ln k hoch bng bt ch bn c th iu chnh li khi cn thit.
-Tuyt i ch y li k hoch trong trng hp bt kh khng. Hy xem nh mt
bc li khi thnh cng v mt bc tin n s tht bi.
-Gch b nhng vic hon tt
-Khi bn lm xong 1 vic no , hy gch b chng ra khi danh sch. Vic ny s mang
li cm gic tha mn cho bn khi hon tt cng vic d nh.
CHNG 16
TO QUYT TM MNH M TC TH
CM XC LM CH CUC SNG
n lc ny, bn bit c nhiu phng php, k thut hc hiu qu hn v t
im cao. Bn cng bit c cch xc nh nhng mc tiu ln lao cng nh cch ln k
hoch hnh ng. Liu iu ny c ngha l bn chc chn s bt tay vo hnh ng khng?
Bn c th t nh: "Vng, ti bit rng ti phi bt u ln k hoch hc tp, tn dng
phng php c sch hiu qu, lp S T Duy Nhng khng hiu sao ti vn khng
cm thy c ng lc hnh ng? Ti cm thy chn nn. mt mi, li bing v bt lc".

L con ngi, chng ta thng hnh ng theo l tr hay cm xc? Cu tr li l cm xc.
Cm xc lun vt trn l tr chng ta. C rt nhiu vic chng ta bit l nn lm, nhng chng
ta vn cm thy khng mun lm v ri khng lm. Nhiu ln chng ta bit l nn ngng xem
tivi bt u lm bi tp nhng ch n gin l chng ta khng mun lm bi tp. Mc d
nhiu ngi bit l vic ht thuc c hi v c th git cht h, h vn tip tc ht thuc. Ti
sao th ? Ti v h cm thy thoi mi khi ht thuc.
Khi bn cm thy chn nn, li bing hay bt lc, c nhiu kh nng l bn khng mun
lm g c. Bn c th s vt sch sang mt bn v nm ln ra ging. Tuy nhin, khi bn cm
thy c ng lc hoc phn chn, bn s hon tht cng vic ngay lp tc.
Bn nhn ra cm xc ch ng hnh ng ca chng ta nh th no cha? Nu bn c
th hc cch lm ch cm xc, bn s c th lm ch hnh ng cng nh kt qu t c.
CHNG TA C TH LM CH CM XC
ng tic, nhiu hc sinh cm thy bt lc v h ngh rng h khng th lm ch cm xc.
H chp nhn nhng cm xc ang c, chng ch ng hnh ng v cuc sng ca h.
V d, nu thy c la mng h hoc h xung t vi bn b, h s ri vo tnh trng tht
vng no n v khng th hc c. Nu hc c thy c khen ngi hoc lm bi kim tra
tt, h s cm thy phn chn, vui v hc. T hn na, vo mt s ngy khi thc dy, h t
nhin cm thy chn nn, li bing. Vo mt s ngy khc, h li thc dy vi cm gic rt
hng hi, phn khi.
S tht l chng b cm xc ch ng mi lc mi ni. May mn thay, cm xc khng
ging nh vi khun ly lan t ngi ny sang ngi khc, m t chng ta to ra cm xc cho
ring mnh. Nu bn cm thy chn nn li bing, l v bn to ra cm xc y. Nu bn
cm thy hng hi phn chn, cng l v bn to ra cm xc y. V nu chng ta to ra cm
xc, chng ta c th thay i chng.


Cho nn, thm ch nu cha m la ry bn hoc bn lm bi thi mt cch t hi, bn cng
lun c th t t cho mnh vo trng thi sung mn phn khi hnh ng mt cch tch
cc. Trc khi chng ta c th hc cch kim ch v thy i cm xc, bn hy cng tm hiu
lm th no m chng ta to ra cm xc t u.
CM XC C TO RA NH TH NO?
Yu t no quyt nh cm xc ca chng ta? cm xc c quyt nh bi suy ngh v
cch chng ta iu chnh c th. Xin nhc li, cm xc nh hng n hnh ng v do nh
hng n kt qu ca chng ta t c. Khi chng ta c nhng cm xc tch cc nh hng
phn, vui v, chng ta s hnh ng tch cc v t kt qu tch cc. Khi chng ta c nhng
cm xc tiu cc nh tht vng, chn nn, li bing, chng ta s hnh ng tiu cc v nhn
lnh hu qu tiu cc. Vy thay i hnh ng cng nh kt qu, chng ta phi hc cch
lm ch cm xc thng qua vic lm ch suy ngh v iu chnh c th hp l.
CCH BN IU CHNH C TH NH HNG N CM XC CA BN
Vic u tin nh hng n cm xc ca bn l cch bn iu chnh c th. Cm xc ca
bn hin gi b nh hng bi:

Thc s, vi v mt ca bn hin gi cng vi cch bn th v t th bn ngi ang nh
hng n cm xc ca bn. Ti mun bn hy cng tham gia vi ti vo mt s th nghim
sau y. Nhng thc nghim ny nhm gip bn nhn ra c lm th no m v mt, t th,
ging iu v nhp th c th nh hng cm xc ca bn.
Thc nghim 1
Bn hy ngi theo t th ngi, th theo cch th v lm v mt ca mt ngoif ang cc
k chn nn v mt mi. By gi, gi nguyn tnh trng , ti mun bn hy t th vai
ca bn nh th no? Bn ang th su hay cn? C mt ca bn ang cng hay lng?
a s cc bn s ng vi ti rng vai ca bn thng xung, bn ci ngi v pha trc,
th cn v chm. ng thi, c mt bn lng, mt nhn xung. Mt pht hin th v ng
khng? Trc khi chng ta c th tht s chn nn v mt mi, chng ta phi iu chnh c th
theo mt cch nht nh. Nu chng ta khng thay i c th theo cch , chng ta khng th
no cm thy chn nn v mt mi c.
Thc nghim 2
Hy th thm 1 th nghim khc. Ti mun bn hy t quyn sch xung ri ng ln
theo cch ng, th theo cch th v lm v mt ca mt ngi cc ky sung mn phn chn.
By gi, trong lc c th bn ang trong trng thi tuyt vi y, ti mun bn hy c gng
cm thy chn nn bun phin. ng bung thng vai v hy tip tc ci vui v. ng gi an
ln nh. Vn th su, vn gi n ci ti trn mt, ng thng vai v m to mt. Trong t th
ny, bn c th cm thy chn nn bun phin c khng.
Xin lu rng, trong thc nghim trn, nu bn khng h thay i v mt, t th ca bn
th khng c cch no bn cm thy chn nn c c. R rng, c mt cm xc no ,
bn phi iu chnh c th theo nhng cch nht nh ph hp vi cm xc y.
Vy th, bt c lc no bn cm thy li bing mt mi, khng mun bt tay vo hc, bn
ch cn ng dy, chuyn nhanh vo trng thi di do nng lc bng cch th su, hng
thng vai ra pha sau, ri ci tht ti. bn cng c th ht ln y quyt tm "Ti cm thy
tht sung sc!". Bn s thay i c cm xc v hnh ng ngay lp tc. Nu bn b, gia
nh bn thy bn lm vic ny, h s ngh rng bn in. ng bn tm v h. Nhng ngi
thnh cng lm nhng vic m k tht bi khng bao gi lm.


y l mt phng php n gin nhng v cng hiu qu. Hy thc tp vic chuyn i
bn thn vo mt trng thi y nng lng bng cch thay i c th ca bn bt c lc no
bn cm thy chn nn, li bing. Cng thc tp nhiu, bn s cng thnh tho v c th t
ng thay i. Chng bao lu, mi khi bn cm thy chn nn, mt mi, tm tr bn s t ng
chuyn i vo trng thi quyt tm mnh m.
BI HC T CUC SNG
Mt nghin cu c tin hnh ti Trng i hc Cal ifor nia vo u nhng nm 1980
lin quan n mt nhm ngi b trm ut. Khng mt liu php tr liu no c th gip h
thot khi tnh trng ny. Tuy nhin, khi cc nh nghin cu buc nhng ngi ny mm ci
v th su, nhiu ngi trong s h bao nhiu nm sng trong u ut bt u cm thy trng thi
tinh thn c ci thin.
SUY NGH NH HNG N CM XC CA BN
Bn bit c cch iu chnh c th nh hng n cm xc nh th no. Nhn t th
2 nh hng n cm xc chnh l suy ngh ca mnh. Nu hc c cch iu khin suy ngh,
chng ta c th lm ch c cm xc.
C bao gi bn thc mc l bn suy ngh nh th no khng?
Trc khi bn c th hc cch lm ch suy ngh, bn phi hiu c bn suy ngh nh th
no. Hy suy ngh v vic ny. Bn suy ngh nh th no?
V d, hy ngh v 1 thy c m bn yu qu trng.
Khi ngh v thy c m bn yu qu, trong tm tr bn tn ti nhng g? Bn c tng
tng c hnh nh ca thy c ? Bn c ang t ni vi mnh rng " xem no", "khng
bit mnh yu qu thy c no?" Nu bn ging nh a s mi ngi, bn s bt u mng
tng hnh nh trong tm tr v t ng i thoi vi bn thn.
Bn thy , chng ta suy ngh bng:
- Mng tng hnh nh trong tm tr
- T ni vi bn thn

Cm xc ca bn lc no cng da trn nhng hnh nh bn to ra trong tm tr v cch
bn t ni vi bn thn. Nu bn trong trng thi ti t nh bun phin th ch n gin l do
bn ang to ra nhng hnh nh u m trong tm tr nh cnh cha m la ry bn hoc bn b la
di bn. cng l do bn ang t ni vi bn thn mt cch tiu cc "Cuc sng tht t hi",
"Mnh khng bit ti sao mnh li ngu n th?", "Mnh cm thy qu au n".
Ngc li, khi bn nhn thy bn thn trong trng thi y ng lc mnh m, l khi
bn to ra nhng hnh nh phn khi trong tm tr v thnh cng v nhng li ch t c.
cng l lc bn t ni vi bn thn "Mnh c th lm c vic ny", "Vic ny tht d nh tr
bn tay", "Mnh cm thy tht sung sc".
By gi, chng ta hy tm hiu chnh xc lm th no chng ta c th kim sot c
nhng hnh nh chng ta to ra v cch chng ta t i thoi vi bn thn.
IU KHIN SUY NGH THNG QUA T
Vic u tin bn phi hc iu khin suy ngh l kim sot nhng t ng bn dng
i thoi vi bn thn. Trung bnh chng ta ni chuyn vi bn thn hn 60.000 ln 1 ngy.
Tht ng tic, 80% nhng li ni y c tnh cht tiu cc.
C nhng t ng tch cc m khi ni vi bn thn s gip chng ta c c trng thi di
do nng lc, thc y hnh ng chng ta v mang li kt qu tt p. ng thi, cng c
nhng t ng tiu cc khin chng ta cm thy ti t v khng mun hnh ng.


BI HC T CUC SNG: T NG BN DNG C TH BT/TT NO CA
BN
Nhng t ng m chng ta t ni vi bn thn c tc dng mnh n ni chng ta c th
bt tt no b chng theo ng ngha en ca vic bt/tt. Chc chn bn gp trng hp
khi m bn nh bn ly gim mt mn trong nh bp v bn tr li rng "Con khng bit
n u". Sau khi m bn gic i tm n, bn i vo bp, trong u lin tc ni vi bn thn
"Mnh u bit n u". Th l, bn tm kim khp bp m vn khng tm thy n. Sau ,
bn gi m bn "Con khng thy n u c". M bn tr li "Tm k i, n nm ngay ".
Bn li tip tc t nh "Mnh khng bit lm sao tm c". Cui cng, m bn buc phi
bc vo nh bp ly mn y ra ngay trc mi bn v qut ln rng "y n. Mt mi con
u th?"

Mc d mn ngay , mt ca bn khng thy n v bn lin tc ni vi bn thn l
bn khng th tm thy n. Vic ny cng p dng tng t trong cuc sng ca bn. Nu bn
lin tc t nh rng bn khng th no thi u mn ton, bn s khng bao gi thi u c,
bi v bn ang ra lnh cho no b ca bn ngng vic hiu mn ton. Tuy nhin, khi bn t
ni rng mn ton rt d hc, no b ca bn s pht huy tt c kh nng gip bn hc v
hiu ton d dng hn.
T T CU HI HP L
Chng ta rt thng t ni vi bn thn bng cch t cu hi. Nu bn va ngh "Mnh c
t t cu hi cho mnh khng nh?", bn chng phi va t cu hi cho bn thn l g?
Nhng loi cu hi m bn t hi cng quan trng vi vic bn cm thy quyt tm hay
mt tinh thn. V d, khi thi rt d hc hnh chm ch, chng ta c th t hi "ti sao mnh
li thi rt?", hoc "Ti sao mnh li bt cn n th?" hoc "Ti sao mnh lun lun tht bi?".
Nu chng ta gp rc ri, chng ta c th t hi "Ti sao nhng chuyn ny lun xy ra vi
mnh?". Bng vic t ra nhng cu hi nh th, chng ta s cm thy ti t hn v mc kt
trng thi t hi y.
Thay vo , bn nn t t ra nhng cu hi to ng lc thc y bn. Nu bn thi rt
hoc nhn im bi tp km, hy hi "Mnh rt ra c bi hc g gip mnh thnh cng ln
sau?". Bng vic t ra nhng cu hi tch cc mi, bn gi c trng thi tinh thn mnh m
ci thin bn thn. Bn cng cm thy quyt tm tm ra phng php hiu qu hn v cch
hc chm ch hn. Tng t, nu bn gp phi chuyn khng vui, hy phn ng bng cch t
hi "Khng k n nhng mt xu, chuyn ny c th gip mnh im no?". Bng cch thay
i cu hi t t ra trong tm tr, bn s tr thnh mt ngi sng tch cc v c ng lc
hn.
VN KHNG PHI L VIC G XY RA VI BN M L CCH BN PHN
NG NH TH NO?
Ti cp pha trc l cho d chuyn g xy ra vi bn i chng na, bn vn c th
lm ch c cm xc v trng thi tinh thn ca bn. Bn lm c vic bng cch kim
sot phn ng ca bn vi nhng vic xy ra. V d, nu ai n trc mt bn v ni "bn
rt ngu ngc, khng lm c vic g v khng bao gi thnh cng trong cuc sng", bn ngh
bn s cm thy nh th no? a s mi ngi s ni rng h cm thy kinh khng, b x nhc
v b suy sp tinh thn.
Nh bit, cm xc l thuc vo cch chng ta t ni vi bn thn. Nu bn phn ng
bng cch t ni rng "C th anh ta ni ng. Mnh rt ngu ngc v khng lm c vic g".
Sau , bn s cm thy ti t, khng mun lm g na c. Tuy nhin, bn c th phn ng


bng cch t nh "Tht bun ci. Ti c y kh nng thnh cng. Ti s chng minh
cho anh thy iu ". Bng cch ny, bn s cm thy quyt tm mnh m hnh ng v
chng t kh nng ca bn thn.
IU KHIN SUY NGH THNG QUA NHNG HNH NH TRONG TM TR
Bn bit t ng bn dng nh hng n trng thi tinh thn v cm xc ca bn nh
th no. Vic tip theo bn cn bit lm ch cm xc chnh l kim sot nhng hnh nh
trong tm tr bn.
Chng ta thng cm thy li bing, khng c ng lc v chng ta to ra nhng hnh
nh trong tm tr v s kh khn, t nht, tn thi gi an ca vic hc. Kt qu l chng ta
khng thch hc. Hoc chng ta lun cm thy chn nn v c lin tc quay i quay li trong
tm tr nhng hnh nh b la ry hay tht bi.
Bn cn phi hiu rng bn c th iu khin nhng hnh nh, nhng on phim din ra
trong u bn ging nh 1 nh quay phim vy. Bn c th ngng quay nhng hnh nh chn
nn, tht vng v ch tp trung vo nhng hnh nh vui v, phn khi trong tm tr bn.
iu khin cng cm xc ca bn
Bn c bao gi rng chng ta cm nhn c nhng mc khc nhau ca hnh
phc, ng lc, ca li bing hay tht vng? i khi chng ta cm thy mt cht quyt tm,
trong nhng lc khc nhau, chng ta li cm thy rt quyt tm v thm ch thnh thong l
cc k quyt tm. C nhng lc chng ta cm thy ch hi bun, nhng mt vi lc khc li
cc k bun thm.
Tht tuyt vi nu chng ta c th kim sot c cng cm xc ca chng ta ng
khng? Chng ta s lun tng cng nhng cm xc tch cc nh vui v, phn chn. ng
thi, chng ta s gim thiu nhng cm xc tiu cc. ng th, bn hon ton c th lm c
iu bng cch thay i nhng hnh nh trong tm tr bn. iu ny c ngha g? Chng ta
hy cng tm hiu thng qua mt thc nghim nh.
Thc nghim
Ti mun bn nhm mt li v ngh n mt thi im trong qu kh m bn cm thy rt
vui v, hnh phc. c th l lc bn t im 10 trong k thi, hoc l lc bn thng mt gii
thi u hoc bt c thi im no khin bn cm thy tuyt vi nht.
By gi ti mun bn hy o din nhng hnh nh trong tm tr bn. Trong lc o din,
hy liu cm xc ca bn ang mnh hn hay yu i. Nu hnh nh ca bn mu en
trng, hy thm mu sc cho n. Nu hnh nh nm pha xa, hy ko n li gn. Tng t, nu
hnh nh bn m mt nh b, hy phng to ra v thm nh sng. Thay i v tr hnh nh trn
mn nh tm tr bn cho n khi cm xc ca bn tng mnh hn. Nu vn l mt hnh nh
tnh, hy bin n thnh mt on phim. Cui cng, nu bn ang hnh dung s vic theo con
mt ca ngi khc quan st bn, hy nhp tm hnh dung s vic theo cch nhn ca bn.
Nu bn o din thnh cng, bn chc chn hn cng cm nhn thy cm xc ca bn
ang thay i mt cch mnh m. Tng t, khi bn lm ngc li, cm xc ca bn s yu i
v gim cng .
Bit c lc no nn tng cng, lc no nn gim thiu cm xc
Vy th, bn nn tn dng nhng kin thc ny nh th no trong cuc sng? Bt c khi
no bn ri vo trng thi ti t, bn cng c th lm gim cm gic t hi bng cch thay
i hnh nh trong tm tr bn, ngha l iu chnh hnh nh nh i, m dn, khng nhp tm
v y n ra xa.


Khi bn cm thy vui v t tin, hy tng cng cm xc bng cch iu chnh hnh nh
trong tm tr bn to hn, sng ra, vi nhiu mu sc rc r. Nhp tm hon ton vo hnh nh,
bin n thnh mt on phim v ko n li gn pha bn.
Lm th no thay i cm gic ti t
Gi s c ai hay mt vic g lm bn bc bi. V d, mt bn cng lp xc phm bn
khin bn cm thy rt chn nn, tht vng, thm ch gin d. Nu bn ging nh hu ht mi
ngi, bn s ngh mi v chuyn ny c ngy v c quay i quay li nhng hnh nh ti t
trong tm tr bn. Th l c ngy ca bn (v c th l nhng ngy tip theo) s b ph hy v
bn khng c tm trng lm g c.
Thay vo , bn c th chn cch thay i hnh nh trong tm tr gip bn chuyn t cm
gic ti t sang cm gic bnh tm hoc thm ch vui v ngay lp tc.
l nhng vic bn nn lm. Trc ht, tch ri bn thn bn ra khi hnh nh nu hin
ti bn ang nhn s vic theo cch nhp tm. Tng tng ra cnh bn bc ra khi bc tranh
, i xa mi bc v y bc tranh ra xa cho n khi n nh li ch cn khong mt phn t
kch c ban u. By gi, hy tng c hai tai chut mc mc ra t tai ca ngi bn v
mi ca hn sng ty ln nh mt qu c chua to ng. Cui cng, tm ly hnh nh trong
tay bn, v nt, ri qung mnh n ra xa v pha mt tri v thng thc cnh n v tung ra
hng triu mnh. Bn cm thy th no? Tuyt!

Lm th no c ng lc ngay tc th?
Bn bao gi trong tnh hung l phi hon tt mt cng vic nhng li cm thy qu
li bing v mt cha? Xin nh rng iu bn cm thy ch n thun l mt trng thi tinh
thn c th thay i ngay lp tc. Chng ta hy p dng nhng g va hc theo cc bc sau
y.
To hnh nh
Ngh v mt khonh khc trong qu kh m bn cm thy quyt tm mnh m v ht sc
hng phn. c th l bt c s kin no khin bn cm thy tht tuyt vi. Hy to ra mt
hnh nh tht r rng trong tm tr bn.
Tng cng cm xc bng cch nhp tm hon ton vo hnh nh nh th bn tht s
ang hin din . K tip, chuyn nhng hnh nh thnh mt on phim. Phng to, ko
gn v thm mu sc vo hnh nh. Tng m lng ca nhng m thanh, ting ni m bn
nghe c xung quanh. Cm nhn giy pht tuyt vi lan ta trong c th bn.
Thay i t th ca bn
Cng lc , ti mun bn thay i hon ton t th ph hp vi cm xc khi bn quyt
tm mnh m vi mt tinh thn phn chn. ng thng dy v nhy nht xung quanh nu bn
mun. y vai ra pha sau, ht th su vi v mt cc k phn khch.
Thay i t ng ca bn
By gi, thay i t ng bn dng i thoi vi bn thn. T ni vi bn thn bng
ging iu phn khi nht bn c th ngh ti: " ng th! Mnh s hnh ng ngay by gi!
Mnh cm thy rt phn khi!"
Sc mnh ca Neo

Mt phng php hiu qu khc m ti dng chuyn i trng thi tinh thn ngay lp
tc l s dng neo. Trc ht, nh ngha neo l g? Theo ngha en, neo l mt dng c hng
hi gi tu thuyn khng b nc cun i. Cn theo ngha tru tng m chng ta dng gn


y? Hy tng tng mi trng thi tinh thn ca bn l mt con tu. Nu bn khng neo
chng li mt ch c nh m chng tri t do, bn s mt nhiu thi gi an tm li chng khi
cn. Ngc li, nu bn neo chng vo mt v tr c nh, bn s tm c chng ngay. Cng
nh mi con tu, mi cm xc c mt ci neo ring ca n. Neo ca cm xc chnh l nhng
g bn thy, bn nghe, bn lm hoc cm nhn khin bn c c cm xc ngay lp tc.
Bn c rt nhiu ci neo xung quanh m khng h bit. Tht ng tic, a s chng li
i cng vi nhng cm xc tiu cc khin bn cm thy ti t. V d, nhng ci neo c th l
chic ging ca bn, ging ni ca thy, sch gio khoa v phng thi.
i vi nhiu hc sinh, ch cn nhn chic ging khin hc cm thy u oi, nhn thy
sch gio khoa khin hc cm thy li bing, nghe ging ni ca thy khin h cm thy t
nht, vo phng thi khin hc cm thy lng tng lo s. Tt c nhng ci neo ti t ny cn
c tm li chng.
ng thi, chng ta cn to ra nhng ci neo tch cc c th c c cm xc tch cc
ngay khi cn. Nhng ci neo tch cc chnh l nhng vic chng ta lm, nhn thy, nghe thy
hoc cm thy c tc dng mang li ng lc mnh m cho chng ta.
Lm th no chng ta to ra nhng ci neo?
Bt c khi no chng ta trong mt trng thi tinh thn mnh m v c mt tc nhn kch
thch ( mt ci g chng ta lm, nhn thy, nghe thy hoc cm thy) c lin tc lp i lp
li, tc nhn kch thch y s gn lin vo trng thi tinh thn c th . i th, ln tip theo
khi chng ta lm, nhn thy, nghe thy hoc cm thy tc nhn kch thch trc , chng ta s
c li c cng trng thi tinh thn y ngay tc khc. Tc nhn kch thch lc ny tr
thnh mt ci neo.
V d, gi s bn ang rt vui v phn khi. By gi, trong lc cm thy ht sc vui v
phn khi ny, bn v tay lp i lp li nhiu ln theo mt cch nht nh. Sau 1 lc, vic v
tay s gn lin vi cm gic vui v. Ln ti nu bn cm thy t hi, ch cn v tay chnh xc
theo cch trc y v n s lp tc mang li cho bn trng thi vui v v phn khi. y l
mt k nng ht sc hiu qu m ti s dng nhiu ln.
To ra nhng ci neo tch cc ca ring bn
Vy th nhng g ti mun bn lm by gi l to ra nhng ci neo tch cc ca ring bn.
Sau y l cc bc c th.
t Bn Thn Vo Mt Trng Thi Tinh Thn Tch Cc
u tin, p dng nhng g bn hc v vic thay i hnh nh trong tm tr bn, thay i
t th ca bn t bn thn vo mt trng thi cn bng cm xc cng mnh m cng tt.
p dng tc nhn kch thch
K tip, khi bn ang trong trng thi cm xc mnh lit nht, hy p dng mt tc nhn
kch thch c nht m bn mun dng nh mt ci neo. c th l mt hnh ng nh, mt
vt bn nhn thy, mt m thanh bn nghe hoc mt iu g bn cm thy. V d, ci neo
c th l vic bn v tay( hnh ng, m thanh, cm gic ) hoc m tay vo khng kh (hnh
ng) nh Tiger Woods. Bn cng c th s dng m nhc v khi c dng lm neo, m nhc
t ra rt hu hiu .
Lp i lp li nhiu ln
By gi, hy lp i lp li ci neo ny t nht 10 ln trong khi bn vn gi nguyn cm xc
tch cc mnh lit.
Kim tra v p dng


Cui cng, bn c th kim tra ci neo ny bng cch tr v trng thi bnh thng v sau
bt u dng neo ( m tay vo khng kh hoc bt nhc). Vic ny s mang li cho bn
cm xc tch cc ngay tc th.
Bi Hc T Cuc Sng: Nhng Vn ng Vin Hng u S Dng Neo
K thut dng neo tht ra khng c g mi. N thng c cc vn ng vin hng u
s dng t hc vo trng thi tinh thn tch cc trc khi h c th thi u mt cch tt
nht. Ln ti nu bn xem cc trn thi u bng r, bng , bng chy, qun vt hoc nh
gn, bn hy theo di cch nhng vn ng vin ny to ra nhng c ch c nht trc khi thi
u. V d, Michael Jor dan thng hay l li trc khi nm bng vo r, mt s vn ng
vin bng chy thng lm bm t ni vi mnh trc khi hc nh vo mc tiu.
PHN BN
PHNG PHP THI C
CHNG 17
TNG TC V CH
KHI NGY THI CNG N GN
Khi ngy thi cng n gn, bn s bt u bc vo gi ai on tng tc v ch. Trong
chng ny, ti s hng dn bn ton b qu trnh gip bn chun b cho k thi mt cch ti
u nht.
n lc ny, bn chc hn chun b y S T Duy ( Chng 7) ca tt c bi
v, cng nh tng hp c 1 danh sch nhng dng cu hi ng dng khc nhau v cc
bc gii quyt chng ( Chng 11). Bn chc hn hon tt cc bi tp, cc n, cc bi
kim tra c gi ao v phn tch nhng li m bn phm phi trong ( Chng 14). Gi ai
on chun b cui cng nn bao gm vic n li mi th bn hc.

Mc tiu ca bn l t c nng lc tim thc
Lm th no m c nhng hc sinh hon thnh bi thi sm m vn t im 10, trong
k thi nhng hc sinh khc li lm bi ko kp? Cu tr li nm s kh bit v nng lc ca
hai nhm hc sinh ny. Nhng hc sinh lun thiu thi gi an lm bi vn cn thi gi an suy
ngh v phn tch cu hi trc khi tr li. Ni ngn gn, h ch mi t c ng cp nng
lc tr nh
Nhng hc sinh xut sc li khc, lun hc t c mt ng cp cao hn. l ng
cp nng lc tim thc. H n i n li kin thc cho n khi h c th tr li cu hi theo bn
nng m ko cn phi ng no qu nhiu phn tch. S thnh tho v kin thc cng nh
phng php p dng gip hc tm c cch tr li cho cu hi mt cch nhanh chng, iu
luyn.
Cho nn, nu bn mun m bo kt qu tuyt i, mc tiu ca bn l phi t c nng
lc tim thc trong khi bn hc v n bi. Sau y l mt s yu t c th gip bn t c
iu
To ra mt mi trng hc ti u
hc hiu qu, trc ht bn phi to ra mt mi trng hc ti u. Bn nn chn vic
hc ti 1 ni nht nh tm tr bn c thi quen lm vic bt c lc no . Bn nn chn
ch hc c nhng im sau y
Phi c n sng


Mi trng c li cho bn hc nht l ni c n sng, tt nht l n vng. L do l v
bng n hunh quang (nh sng trng) rt chi v d lm bn nhc u
Kim tra nhit
Nhit qu cao s khin bn bun ng. Hy c ht sc hc mt ni c nhit lnh
hn bnh thng mt cht. L do l v nhit thp hn s gip bn tnh to hn. Nhit ti
u cho no b l 19 C
Trnh nhng th lm bn mt tp trung
Tr khi bn c tnh k lut cao hoc c kh nng tp trung phi thng, bn nn lun lun
m bo a im hc ca bn phi trnh xa nhng th lm bn mt tp trung nh tivi, in
thoi, tr chi in t, truyn tranh, tp ch hoc ging ng.
ng tham n qu mc
ng n qu nhiu trc gi hc. Vic ny thng khin bn bun ng v nng lng v
mu ca bn u tp trung cho h thng tiu ha thay v no. C gng trnh n cc loi tht
( tht b) ng hoc bt trng ( bnh ngt) trc khi hc v nhng loi thc n ny lm
gim kh nng lu tr thng tin ca no b.
Bt nhc khng li
Bt nhc khng li vo bt c lc no bn hc. Vic nghe nhc c tc dng h tr cho sc
mnh no b. Loi nhc tt nht cho vic hc l loi nhc Baroque v loi nhc ny duy tr
nhp iu su nhp mt pht gip tm tr bn th gin hc.
Hc ring hay hc nhm?
Hc ring hay hc nhm tt hn? Ty bn. Hc nhm gip bn tng hp c nng lc v
kin thc ca c nhm. Tuy nhin, nu bn chn hc vi nhng hc sinh k lut km, bn s
mt tp trung n n hiu qu km v lng ph thi gi an. Cho nn, bn nn tm nhng hc
sinh c nng lc v k lut cao hn bn. Bng cch ny, bn s c nh hng tt hn.
Vic hc ring mt khc li m bo s tp trung cao nht, nhng iu ny cng c ngha
l bn khng th chia s hoc so snh bi tp vi nhng hc sinh khc.
Tt nht l bn nn hc ring v thnh thong sp xp vic hc nhm.
Ln k hoch t sm
Trc k thi, hy v ra mt thi gi an biu chi tit sp xp nhng g bn cn hc mi ngy
cho n ngy bn bt u thi mn u tin. Vic ny s m bo rng bn c thi gi an hc
ht tt c cc mn hc cn thit trc khi thi.
Bn nn chun b thi sm c no?
Bn nn sp xp thi gi an biu i ngc bt u t ngy thi mn u tin ca bn. Bn
phi tnh ton lng thi gi an bn cn hon tt vic n li tt c cc mn hc mt cch hiu
qu. C gng dnh ra nm ngy d phng trong trng hp bn c vic khn cp khc. Tuy
nhin, lun lun ngh rng nm ngy d phng khng tn ti, nu khng bn s d b s tr
hon cm d
Tri di vic n bi cho mi mn hc
Thay v nhi nht n mt mn c th nh a l trong vi ngy lin tip, tt hn l bn nn
ch n mt hoc hai chng mi ngy trong mt thi gi an di nh 10 ngy. Tri di vic n
tp cho mi mn hc gip tm tr bn c thi gi an ghi nh chc chn hn, cng nh sp xp
li nhng thng tin n, trc khi tip tc n nhng thng tin khc ca cng mn hc .
Ln k hoch cho mi lm hc mi ngy
Xin nh rng vic t c nhiu nh im gi nh thng tin nht, bn nn lun lun ln
k hoch cho mi ln hc di ti a l 2 gi ng h.


Sau mi ln hc, thu gin t nht na ting trc khi bt u ln hc tip theo. Mi ln hc
ca bn nn ch c chia thnh bn gian on nh di khong 25 pht mi gi ai on . Lun
lun ngh ngi gia cc gi ai on t hai n nm pht. Trc lc ngh ngi, tm tr bn nn
th gin cng nhiu cng tt
Ln k hoch n bi th 3 v th t
Xin nh rng gi tm tr bn trong trng thi tt nht, bn phi n li nhng g hc
sau 10 pht, sau 24 gi, sau 1 tun v 1 thng. Hai ln n bi u tin ( sau 10 pht v sau 24
gi ) c tin hnh ngay khi bn ang hc trong hc k. Cho nn, bn ch cn sp xp theo
cc gi hc cho t n bi th 3 v th t vi tng mn hc. Ti ngh t n bi ln th t
ca tng mn nn ri vo ng ngy trc khi thi mn .
Cch hc trong mi ln
Trong mi ln n bn nn lm nhng vic sau y:
n li bi ngy hm trc
L tng nht l bn nn t kim tra li tm tr ton b S T Duy ca chng sch
bn n ln trc m khng cn nhn li bi. Bn cng phi n li cc cu hi ng dng v
bi tp trong chng c th .
Ghi nh thng tin
V chng m bn chun b n, bn nn xem li ton b cc S T Duy mt cch chi
tit, sau s dng cc h thng ghi nh nh H Thng Lin Kt v H Thng S m bo
bn ghi nh 100% cc chnh. Bn nn lp i lp li cho n khi c th nhm c S T
Duy trong tm tr c thuc tng chi tit
Tng n li kin thc trong ngy
Vic ny s khng i hi bn qu na ting
CHNG 18: VINH QUANG V CHIN THNG
Mc d hu nh chc chn rng mt hc sinh chun b bi thi tt s t kt qu tt, bn c
th phi cn nhiu hn t kt qu xut sc tuyt i. Nguyn do l v vn c nhng hc
sinh chuyn b bi thi tt nhng li khng th lm bi hon ho trong khng kh cng thng
ca k thi. chng ny ti s ch ra mt s sai lm thng thng m hc sinh phm phi di
p lc ca k thi. Chng tao s phi tho lun v cc phng php phng trnh nhm gip bn
c th lm bi thi phong cao nht.
T t mnh vo trng thi quyt tm mnh m
Nu bn hon thnh tt c nhng bc hc thi v chun b bi y , th duy nht
cn li c th ly mt c hi t im 10 ca bn chnh l trng thi tinh thn ca bn. Nu bn
i thi trong trng thi tiu cc lo lng, cng thng hoc bi ri, bn c th i n tnh trng "
u c trng rng " hoc phm phi nhiu li bt cn khng ng c.

Bi th, vic u tin m bn cn lm l t t mnh vo trng thi t tin, quyt tm mnh
m nht nh nhng g bn hc c Chng 16 : To quyt tm mnh m tc th. Xin
nh rng trng thi tinh thn ca bn s nh hng n cm xc ca bn. Cm xc ca bn s
nh hng n hnh ng v kt qu ca bn. Khi bn trong trng thi t tin tuyt i, phn
khi v quyt tm, bn s lm bi vi tt c kh nng ca bn. Sau y l mt s vic bn c
th lm duy tr trng thi .
n ni thi sm th gin


n ni thi sm hn gi thi bao gi cng tt. Trc ht, vic ny bo m bn s khng b
tr gi. Bn cnh , vic n sm gip tm tr bn th gin rt nhiu trc khi thi. Xin nh
rng b no ca bn ch lm vic c hiu qu tt nht khi bn trong trng thi th gin.
Dt b k thi ra khi tm tr
S rt c ch nu bn c th tn gu vi bn b v bt c chuyn g ngoi chuyn k thi hay
ti liu hc tp nhm gip bn tch ri tm tr khi vic thi c. iu quan trng nht l ng
bao gi hc bi vo ngy thi. N lm bn lun trong trng thi cng thng. Hn na, nhng
thng tin mi c th lm bn ri rm, ln xn nhng thng tin trc c sp xp ngn
np trong no khi bn ng.
S dng nhng t ng mnh m
chng 16 chng ta pht hin ra nhng t ng chng ta t n vi bn thn c th ng
vin hoc t hy hoi chng ta. Hy dp b nhng suy ngh tiu cc. Hy lin tc ni vi bn
thn " mnh s t im 10 ", "Khng c vn g c, mnh s hon thnh mt cch xut sc
trc khi gi thi kt thc".
Thm ch khi bn cm thy lng tng trc mt cu hi kh, khng bao gi cho php bn
thn c ni nhng li tiu cc. Mt khi bn lm vo trng thi tiu cc mi chuyn s tr
nn tiu cc. Bi th, hy lin tc ni vi bn thn nhng li tch cc.
T t mnh vo trng thi quyt tm mnh m
Trc gi thi, hy t t mnh vo trng thi quyt tm mnh m bng cch ngh v mt
thi im trong qu kh m bn cm thy hon ton t tin, khng ai c th ngn cn bn v
bn tht s mnh m. Hnh dung hnh nh ny r rng trong tm tr bn. Hy nhp tm v thm
mu sc vo hnh nh , lm hnh nh ny sng ln v to ra.
K tip,bn hy bo rng c th bn chuyn i sang mt t th mnh m. Hy th theo
cch th nh bn t tin tuyt i. Hy to ra mt quyt tm. Hy hng thng vai ra pha sau
v i qua i li nh th khng c ai c th cn c bn.
Bn cng c th tn dng sc mnh ca vic dng neo m bn hc chuyn i bn thn
vo trng thi quyt tm mnh m nh m tay vo khng kh, v tay, ht ln, v.v( nhng
ci neo ny l nhng hnh ng, c ch bn pht huy v thc tp nhiu ln trc y).
Mt khi bn trong trng thi quyt tm tt nh, bn c th bt u lm bi thi.
c lt qua thi

Vic u tin m bn nn lm khi bt u lm bi thi l c lt qua tt c cc hng dn
v ton b thi t u n cui, trc khi bt u tr li bt k cu hi no. Vic c lt ny
gip bn ln k hoch th t tr li cu hi cng nh lng thi gi an cn thit cho tng cu
hi.
Thi gi an

Vic thiu thi gi an l yu t tht bi ca nhiu hc sinh cho d h c chun b bi hay
khng. Cho nn, iu quan trng l bn nn, iu quan trng l bn nn theo di thi gi an
bng cch nhn ng h mi khi cn thit. trnh vic thiu thi gi an lm bi, bn nn:
Phn chia thi gi an hp l
Lun lun ln k hoch cho lng thi gi an bn cn trong tng cu hi trc khi lm bi.
Bn nn thc tp vic ln k hoch thi gi an ny trong lc lm cc thi c.
Thi gi an d phng


Bn cng nn d phng thi gi an kim tra li bi trong vng t nht 15 pht. Lng
thi gi an ny cng c th c dng vo nhng vic khn cp nu bn vt qu l thi gi an
d nh khi tr li cu hi.
Tip cn cu hi
D trc, kh sau
Vic tr li cu hi theo th t cho sn khng bao gi tt c. L do l v i khi nhng cu
hi kh c a ln u trong khi nhng cu hi d li nm pha di. Khi i mt vi tnh
hung nh th chng ta c th c tip tc c gng tr li cu hi kh n khi pht hin ra
chng ta mt qu nhiu thi gi an cho mt cu hi. Hu qu l chng ta hi h lm tit bi
thi ch nhn ra khng c thi gi an lm bi, thm ch khng kp tr li nhng cu hi d.
trnh vn ny, bn nn l theo mt trong nhng cch sau y:
Bt c khi no bn cm thy mc kt vo mt cu hi kh, lp tc khoanh trn cu hi kh
v nhy sang tr li cu hi tip theo. Bn c th quay li cu hi kh sau khi bn tr
li ht nhng cu hi d.
Tr li ht tt c nhng cu hi d trc khi tin hnh lm cc cu hi kh. Lun lun
dnh nhng cu hi i suy ngh, phn tch v vit nhiu sau cng khi bn hon tt hu ht
bi thi. L do l bn c th tr li cu hi kh tt nht khi tm tr bn trng thi th gin hn
( v hon thnh gn ht cc cu hi ).
ng i qu
Hc sinh thng thy phn khi khi tr li mt cu hi quen thuc. H c lin tc vit mi
cho n khi nhn ra rng hc lng ph qu nhiu thi gi an cho cu hi ny. Hy trnh vic
vit nhiu thng tin d tha khng cn thit.
ng bao gi b cuc
Nhng cu hi kh, c bit l nu nm u thi thng c tc ng l bn mt tinh
thn. Khi vic ny xy ra, bn s thm ch khng th tr li nhng cu hi d pha di.
Nguyn nhn l v bn hnh thnh mt nim tin l ny rt kh, vt qua kh nng ca
bn.

Nu vic ny xy ra vi bn, hy ht th tht su, th gin v ng bao gi b cuc. B
qua nhng cu hi phc tp v tr li cc cu hi d gip bn t tin hn. Cui cng khi bn
quay li cu hi kh v thy rng bn vn khng bit cch tr li, ng bao gi giy trng
v iu ny s m bo bn lnh im 0 cho cu hi . Thay vo , vit ra nhng g bn bit
min l hp l
Bn khng nhng khng c g mt m cn c th nhn c mt vi im. iu ny to
ra s khc bit gia im rt v u.
Tr li cu hi
Bn nn lm theo hai nguyn tc sau y trong vic tr li bt k cu hi no. l:
Lun lun c k cu hi
Lun lun c tng cu hi mt cc h t t, cn thn trc khi t bt tr li. Cc hc sinh
thng ch c vi ch u v t cho rng cu hi ny tng t nh cu hi h lm trc
y trong bi kim tra hoc bi tp v nh. Kt cc l bn c th a ra mt cu tr li hon
ton lc .
Xin nh rng ch cn mt t khc cng c th thay i hon ton b ngha cu hi .
Nu khng c k, chng ta c th b l t quan trng v hiu sai ton b cu hi. Do ,
lun lun nhng t kha quan trng xut hin trong tng cu hi.


V d, ng c c "v" trong khi cu hi ghi "hay". ng thi, ng lm ln gia " mnh
no bn di l "ng" " vi " mnh no bn di l " khng ng" ".
Tr li cu hi va
Khng bao gi ngp ln vo cu hi trc khi bit c tht s cu hi cn thng tin g.
Nu bn lm th, bn c th a ra qu t thng tin , qu nhiu thng tin hoc lc .
Bc u tin l phi bit c bn cn a ra bao nhiu thng tin. Bn c th ly s phn
chia trong tng cu hi lm tiu chun.
By gi, chng ta hy tm hiu cch tr li nhng dng cu hi c th, nhng cu hi trc
nghim v cu hi t lun
Cu hi trc nghim nh nht
Nhiu hc sinh cho rng cc cu hi trc nghim l n gin nht trong cc dng cu hi.
L do l v cu tr li c a sn ra v bn ch c vic chn. Li khuyn ca ti l ng
bao gi nh gi thp cu hi trc nghim. Tht s, y l mt dng cu hi nh nht.
Thng thng, ngi ra thi s cho ra nhng la chn rt ging nhau n ni bn phi cn
n khng ch kin thc m cn c cc k nng chn cu tr li ng. Nu bn khng hiu
r khi nim trong bi, bn c th tr li sai d dng. Cu hi trc nghim cng l dng cu hi
m hc sinh phm li bt cn nhiu nht. Cho nn, di y l mt vi phng php gip bn
thnh tho trong lnh vc ny.
c k
Nh thng l, c tht k cu hi. ng bao gi cho rng cu hi ny c v ging vi
cu hi bn tng lm trc y. Mt t thay i c th thay i ton b ngha cu hi. V
d nh " tt c u ng" v " tt c u khng ng" rt tng t nhau nhng ngha hon
ton khc nhau.
a ra cu tr li ca bn trc
Trc khi bn xem xt cc la chn tr li sn, lun lun vit cu tr li ca bn trc bn
cnh cu hi trn giy. Sau , so snh cu tr li ca ring bn vi tng la chon. (theo ti,
vic lm ny c th gip bn lm nhanh chng mt s cc cu hi l thuyt)
c ht tt c cc la chn
Nhiu hc sinh phm phi li kinh khng khi nh du chn cu tr l h ngh l ng m
khng c ht tt c cc la chn tr li khc. H t nh rng cc la chn khc chc chn l
sai ". Lun lun c k tng cu tr li trc khi la chn cu tr li ng nht. L do l v c
th c cu tr li ng hn cu tr li bn chn hoc nhiu p n ng cng lc. D nhin, ch
c duy nht cu tr li ng nht mi c xem l t.
Phng php loi tr
Nu khng chc chc nn la chn cu tr li no, bn c th s dng phng php loi
tr. Di y l vi k thut bn c th s dng loi tr cc la chn sai.
-Loi tr la chn sai r rng
-Loi tr la chn sai cht t. y l la chn c v ng nhng c mt hai t lm n sai.
-Loi tr la chn vn d ng nhng khng lin quan n cu hi.
-Loi tr la chn rt khc bit so vi cc la chn khc. La chn ny thng sai nhng
vn c th ng
-Nu c hai la chn rt ging nhau, mt trong hai la chn thng ng.
-Nu c hai la chn i nghch nhau, mt trong hai la chn thng ng.
Cu hi t lun


thnh tho dng cu hi t lun, bn phi chng t c rng bn c th nh li tt c
cc thng tin lin quan, din t c rng bn hiu cch p dng chng vo cu hi v c th
sp xp cc thng tin theo cch tt nht c th.
S T Duy gip bn vit bi t lun.
Mt cng c rt hu ch nhm gip bn nh li v sp xp thng tin chnh l S T
Duy. Trc khi bn bt tay vo vit cu tr li, lun lun dnh 5-10 pht ln k hoch. S
dng S T Duy vit bn tho bng vit ch. S T Duy s gip bn nh li cc
chnh cng nh nhn ra c cch sp xp thng tin tt nht.
Mt l do quan trng ca vic phc tho bi vit ny l n gip bn thy c cu trc
tng qut ca bi vit trc khi bn bt tay vo vit. Lc ny, bn c th quyt nh nn a
thng tin no vo bi, cch sp xp thng tin tt nht, nn a no vo on vn u tin,
on vn th hai v c th. Ni chung, bi vit t lun ca bn c th c chia thnh ba phn:
Phn m bi, Phn thn bi v Kt bi. iu quan trng l trong phn kt bi, cc chnh nn
tm li v a ra c lp trng vng chc. Mt li thng thng nht m hc sinh hay phm
phi trong bi thi t lun l lc . Phc tho trc bi vit ca bn s gip bn trnh c li
ny.
Ch khi bn hon ton tha mn vi bn tho S T Duy( nhng ng bao gi qu
10 pht ), bn mi nn bt tay vo vit bi lun.
Nhng pht cui
Sau khi tr li tt c cc cu hi, l tng nht l bn nn dnh 15 pht cui c li bi
nh d tnh. y l nhng pht quan trng nht. Chc chn l bn s pht hin ra vi li nh
v mt s thng tin b b l
Vy th, chng ta nn kim tra li bi nh th no?
-c li cu hi m bo bn hiu cu hi chnh xc.
- c li bi lun v cc cu tr li ngn m bo nhng cu tr li ny khng lc v
khng c li chnh t, vn phm. Cng bo m rng khng c chnh quan trng no b b
st.
- Nu thi gi an cho php, tnh ton li (dng nhng cc thay th khc) tt c nhng cu
hi lm tnh bit rng liu bn c ra cng mt kt qu khng. Nu bn khng c thi gi
an, ch c li cch tnh ton ca bn.
- i vi cu hi trc nghim, bn hy kim tra li xem bn c b st cu no khng. iu
quan trng hn l khi bn tr li mt tp p n ring ch khng phi trc tip trn cu hi,
bn phi kim tra xem bn c nh du cu tr li tng ng vi cu hi hay khng. Cui
cng, khng bao gi b trng bt c cu tr li no d bn c c cu hi hay cha
S phn ca bn do bn t to ra
Th l bn i c mt on ng di ri, ng khng no? Cho d bn l ai v ang
u trn th gii, khi bn b thi gian c quyn sch ny, bn hc c nhiu kin
thc n gin nhng mnh m n mc c th thay i c cch hc ca bn mi mi. Bn
nhn ra rng nim tin bn c v bn thn bn l ai v bn c th lm g s quyt nh kt
qu bn t c. Bn bit rng nu nhng hc sinh khc c th t ti kt qu tt, bn cng
c th t c. Vn ch l vic s dng ng cc k nng v phng php. Bn cng
bit v tim nng khng gii hn ca no b. Bn nhn ra rng, nu nm c cha kha
thnh cng, bn s gii phng c nhng kh nng phi thng tim n trong bn.Bn c
hc v nhng cha kha ny ng khng no? Bn bit cch tn dng c hai bn cu no
ca bn bng cch s dng S T Duy v h thng Tr Nh Siu ng to nn tng cho


mt tng lai hp dn m bn xc nh. Bn c kh nng t ng vin bn thn v tr thnh
mt ngi qun l thi gi an gii. S li bing v tr hon khng cn dnh cho bn na.
Ti mun bn hy hnh ng ngay t by gi khi bn lt n trang cui cng ca quyn
sch. Hy m sch gio khoa ra, lp S T Duy v s dng k nng Tr Nh Siu ng
thy rng vic hc rt vui v d dng. Hy s dng s tay ln k hoch sp xp thi gi an
cho tun ti. Thm ch bn c th vit ra nhng mc tiu ln lao trong tng lai.
Xin nh rng, vic bn hc km trong qu kh khng c ngha l bn s khng bao gi hc
gii trong tng lai. Thnh cng trong tng li ph thuc vo nhng g bn lm ngy hm
nay, ch khng ph thuc vo nhng g din ra trong qu kh. Vy th, hy dng cm bc ra
v bt u gieo mm cho mt ma bi thu no.
Cui cng, ti chc bn mi s tt p trn con ng i n thnh cng. Ti hi vng bn
s vit th cho ti hoc nu chng ta gp nhau trong mt bui chuyn no , bn s k cho
ti nghe cu chuyn thnh cng ca bn.
Cho n lc hy sng v c m ca bn!
The end!

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