Virus my tnh

Cc thnh vin nhm 9:

1. Trn Th Minh
2. ng Th Huyn
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Virus my tnh
I. Tng quan v virus
II. Cc hnh thc ly nhim virus
III. Cch nhn bit my tnh b nhim virus
IV. Cch phng chng v ngn chn tc hi ca virus


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Tng quan v virus my tnh
1. Virus my tnh l g?
Vi-rt my tnh l mt chng trnh phn mm nh ly lan t
mt my tnh ny sang my tnh khc v can thip vo hot
ng ca my tnh.
Vi-rt my tnh c th ph hng hoc xa d liu trn my
tnh, s dng mt chng trnh email pht tn vi-rt ti
cc my tnh khc hoc thm ch l xa mi th trn a cng.
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2. Cc khi nim c lin quan
Su my tnh (worm):
l cc chng trnh cng c kh nng t nhn bn t tm
cch lan truyn qua h thng mng (thng l qua h
thng th in t).
Nhim v chnh ca worm l ph cc mng (network)
thng tin, lm gim kh nng hot ng hay hy hoi cc
mng ny.
Worm c coi l mt loi virus c bit.
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Trajan horse:
Trojan horse, ting Anh ca Nga Troia xut pht t
in tch ni ting con nga thnh Troia trong thn thoi
Hy Lp.
y l loi chng trnh cng c tc hi tng t nh
virus ch khc l n khng t nhn bn, n bn trong mt
chng trnh chnh thng.
Trojan horse a m vo h iu hnh cho php tin tc
truy cp my tnh b nhim.
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Trojan horse khng t pht tn. Chng c pht tn bi
vi-rt, su hoc phn mm c ti xung.
Trong thc t, nhiu Trojan horse cha ng cc phn
mm gin ip nhm cho php my tnh thn ch b iu
khin t xa qua h thng mng.
Ngy nay, cc Trojan horse c thm vo cc chc
nng t phn tn. iu ny y khi nin Trojan horse n
gn vi khi nim virus v chng tr thnh kh phn bit.
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Mt s th thut ca Trojan horse
Trn cc my Microsoft Windows, ngi tn cng c th
nh km mt Trojan horse vo mt ci tn c v lng
thin vo trong mt th in t vi vic khuyn d ngi
c m nh km ra.
Trojan horse thng l cc tp kh thi trn Windows v
do s c cc ui nh l .exe, .com, .scr, .bat, hay .pif.
Nu mt Trojan horse c tn chng hn l
"Readme.txt.exe" th tp ny s hin th mt cch mc
nh thnh "Readme.txt" v n s nh la ngi dng
rng y ch l mt loi h s vn bn khng th gy hi.

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Cc kiu gy hi

Xo hay vit li cc d liu trn my tnh

Lm hng chc nng ca cc tp

Ly nhim cc phn mm c tnh khc nh l virus

Ci t mng my c th b iu khin bi my khc
hay dng my nhim gi th nhng lm

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n cp thng tin nh l mt khu v s th tn dng

c cc chi tit ti khon ngn hng v dng vo cc mc
tiu phm ti

Ci t ln cc phn mm cha c cho php

c ln cc thng tin cn thit v gi bo co n ni khc

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Phn mm gin ip (spyware):
L loi phn mm chuyn thu thp cc thng tin t cc
my ch (thng thng v mc ch thng mi) qua
mngInternet m khng c s nhn bit v cho php ca
ch my.
y l loi virus c kh nng thm nhp trc tip vo h
iu hnh m khng li "di chng". Thng mt s
chng trnh dit virus c km trnh dit spyware nhng
dit kh km i vi cc t "dch.
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Spyware c th theo di thi quen tm kim trn Internet
v cng c th chuyn hng trnh duyt web ca bn n
mt trang web khng phi l trang web m bn nh truy
cp.
Spyware c th ci t trn my tnh ca bn m bn
khng h hay bit. Cc chng trnh ny c th thay i
cu hnh ca my tnh hoc thu thp d liu qung co v
thng tin c nhn
Spyware c ci t mt cch b mt nh l mt b
phn km theo ca cc phn mm min ph (freeware)
vphn mm chia s (shareware) m ngi ta c th ti v
t Internet.
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Phn mm bo mt lu:
Chng trnh phn mm bo mt lu c gng lm cho bn
tng rng my tnh ca mnh b nhim vi-rt v thng
nhc bn ti xung hoc mua mt sn phm loi b vi-rt
(Antivirus, Shield, Security, Protection hoc Fixer)
Phn mm ny c th ngn cc ng dng, chng hn nh
Internet Explorer m ra.
N cng c th hin th cc tp Windows quan trng v
chnh thng dng tp ly nhim.
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Khi gp nhng trng hp xut hin hp thoi c thng bo:
Cnh bo!
My tnh ca bn b nhim vi-rt!
My tnh ny b nhim phn mm gin ip v phn mm
qung co.
hy nhn ALT + F4 . ng bm vo bt k mc g bn
trong hp thoi . Nu mt cnh bo nh vy lin tc xut
hin th l du hiu thng bo c hi. V phn mm
rt c th l phn mm bo mt lu
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II. Cc hnh thc ly nhim
virus
Virus my tnh c th ly vo my tnh ca bn qua email,
qua cc file bn ti v t Internet hay copy t usb v cc
my tnh khc v.
Virus my tnh cng c th li dng cc l hng phn mm
xm nhp t xa, ci t, ly nhim ln my tnh ca bn
mt cch m thm.
.


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1. Virus ly nhim theo cch c in
Thng qua cc thit b lu tr di ng: nh mm v a
CD
Ngy nay cc phng thc ly nhim ny chuyn qua cc
USB, cc a cng di ng hoc cc thit b gii tr k
thut s
Bn mang a usb v, cm vo my tnh ca mnh, m
a chuyn cc file va copy c vo my, v bn
khng bit rng virus cng ch i c th ly nhim vo
my tnh ca bn.
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2. Ly nhim qua th in t
Virus my tnh cng c th li dng cc l hng phn
mm xm nhp t xa, ci t, ly nhim ln my tnh
ca bn mt cch m thm.
Khi ly nhim vo my nn nhn, virus c th t tm ra
danh sch cc a ch th in t sn c trong my v n
t ng gi i hng lot (mass mail) cho nhng a ch
tm thy

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S lng pht tn c th tng theo cp s nhn lm t lit
nhiu c quan trn ton th gii trong mt thi gian ngn

Cc phng thc ly nhim gm:
Ly nhim vo cc file nh km
Ly nhim do m mt lin kt trong th in t
Ly nhim ngay khi m xem th in t


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3. Virus ly nhim qua mng internet
Cc hnh thc ly nhim:
Ly nhim thng qua cc file ti liu, phn mm
Ly nhim khi ang truy cp cc trang web c ci t
virus (theo cch v tnh hoc c )
Ly nhim virus hoc chim quyn iu khin my tnh
thng qua cc li bo mt h iu hnh, ng dng sn c
trn h iu hnh hoc phn mm ca hng th ba
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III. Cch nhn bit my tnh b
nhim virus
Cc triu chng b tim nhim:
Cc thng bo hoc cc nh khng mong mun c hin
th mt cch bt ng
Nhng m thanh hoc on nhc khng bnh thng c
bt mt cch ngu nhin
CD-ROM ca bn ng m bt thng
Cc chng trnh chy bt thnh lnh
Thng bo t tng la cho bit, mt s ng dng no
c gng thc hin kt ni Internet mc d bn khng
khi chy n.

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Ngoi ra c mt s triu chng ch th rng my tnh ca bn
b tim nhim thng qua email:
Cc bn thn ca bn cho bit rng h nhn c cc
thng bo t a ch ca bn m bn khng h gi cc th
.
Mailbox ca bn cha rt nhiu cc thng bo khng c
a ch hoc header ca ngi gi.

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V mt s triu chng khc:
My tnh thng xuyn b ng bng hoc bt thnh lnh
xut hin cc li
My tnh chy chm khi cc chng trnh bt u c
bt
Khng th np h iu hnh
Cc file v th mc b xa hoc b thay i ni dung
Khng th truy cp a cng nh thng l
Internet Explorer b ng bng hoc cc chc nng chy
mt cch tht thng, bn khng th ng cc ca s ng
dng.
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IV. Cch phng chng v ngn
chn tc hi ca virus
1. S dng phn mm dit virus
2. S dng tng la
3. Cp nht cc bn sa li ca h iu hnh
4. Vn dng kinh nghim s dng my tnh
5. Bo v d liu my tnh
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1. S dng phn mm dit virus
Trong nc (Vit Nam): Bkav, CMC
Ca nc ngoi: Avira, Kaspersky, AVG, ESET.
V pht hnh bi Microsoft: Microsoft Security Essentials.
( bit cch s dng phn mm dit virus hiu qu, xem
thm ti "phn mm dit virus")
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2. S dng tng la (firewall)
S dng tng la bng phn cng (c kt ni mng
internet) Thng thng ch mc nh ca nh sn
xut th chc nng "tng la" b tt, ngi s dng c
th truy cp vo modem cho php hiu lc (bt).
S dng tng la bng phn cng khng phi tuyt i
an ton bi chng thng ch ngn chn kt ni n tri
php, do kt hp s dng tng la bng cc phn
mm.
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3. Cp nht cc bn sa li ca h iu hnh
H iu hnh Windows lun lun b pht hin cc li bo
mt chnh bi s thng dng ca n.
Ngi s dng lun cn cp nht cc bn v li ca
Windows thng qua trang web Microsoft Update hoc
Windows Update. Cch tt nht hy t ch nng cp
(sa cha) t ng (Automatic Updates) ca Windows.
Tnh nng ny ch h tr i vi cc bn Windows m
Microsoft nhn thy rng chng hp php.
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4. Vn dng kinh nghim s dng my tnh
Pht hin s hot ng khc thng cu my tnh: cn
kim tra bng cch cp nht d liu mi nht cho phn
mm dit virus hoc th s dng mt phn mm dit virus
khc qut ton h thng.
Kim sot cc ng dng ang hot ng
Loi b mt s tnh nng ca h iu hnh c th to iu
kin cho s ly nhim virus
S dng thm cc trang web cho php pht hin virus trc
tuyn

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5. Bo v d liu my tnh
Sao lu d liu theo chu k l bin php ng n nht
hin nay bo v d liu
To cc d liu phc hi cho ton h thng khng dng
li cc tin ch sn c ca h iu hnh (v d System
Restore ca Windows Me, XP...) m c th cn n cc
phn mm ca hng th ba, v d bn c th to cc bn
sao lu h thng bng cc phn mm ghost, cc phn mm
to nh a hoc phn vng khc.
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Cm n thy v cc bn lng nghe!!!