V Thin Bo bin son

NHP MN
C V Y


























REVISED BY CONG
2

Mc lc

Chng 1: Qun c, bn c v quy tc chi c 5
Bi 1: Gii thiu v qun bn c 5
Bi 2: Quy tc 6
Chng 2: Luyn tp bt qun v phng php bt qun 11
Bi 1: Luyn tp 11
Bi 2: Bt i, bt ti ca, bt m 11
Bi 3: Chinh qun 16
Bi 4: Kho 19
Bi 5: V v v ngc 21
Bi 6: Ni khng v 25
Bi 7: Chy qun 27
Bi 8: Yu lnh n qun bin, gc 29
Bi 9: So kh 31
Chng 3: Gii thiu s qua v sng cht 37
Bi 1: C sng cn c 2 mt 37
Bi 2: Sng chung 40
Bi 3: Hnh c sng cht thng gp 42
Chng 4: Quy tc thng thng v b tr qun c 49
Bi 1: Gc vng, bin bc, gia l c kh 49
Bi 2: Cch cch i cng th thng thng 50
Bi 3: thc tn cng v phng th 53
Bi 4: Tnh ton thng bi 56
Chng 5: Phng php cng st c bn 62
Bi 1: Khot 62
Bi 2: Kp 64
Bi 3:ng 66
Bi 4: im 69
Bi 5: Kho bay, kho mm 70
Bi 6: Ln nh 72
Bi 7: Lt ngc ng 74
Chng 6: Hnh sng cht c bn 78
Chng 7: Lin lc v chia ct 81
Bi 1: Lin lc 81
3
Bi 2: Chia ct 87
Chng 8: Th qun 90
Bi 1: Th qun t nhin 90
Bi 2: Chin thut th qun 91
Chng 9: St kh 95
Bi 1: Nhn thc c bn v st kh 95
Bi 2: Phng php ko di kh bn mnh v phng php xit kh ch 97
Chng 10: Cp 101
Bi 1: Cc loi cp 101
Bi 2: Vn dng cp trong chi c 102
Chng 11: Hnh c v cc yu im trong tn cng v phng th 105
Bi 1: Hnh p v hnh xu 105
Bi 2: Yu im trong tn cng v phng th 107
Chng 12: nh thc sao 111
Chng 13: Cch chi c chp qun 116
Chng 14: gii thiu Quan t 123
Bi 1: Phng php tnh ton quan t 123
Bi 2: Cc quan t thng gp 127
Bi 3: K xo trong quan t 130
Chng 15: Chin thut trong giai on trung bn 137
Bi 1: Chin thut cng kch 137
Bi 2: Chin thut nhp 142
Bi 3: S ln nh ca m bin 147
Bi 4: Chin thut chuyn i 149
Bi 5: Chin thut gm nng 151
Chng 16: nh thc v tuyn chn nh thc 154
Bi 1: nh thc treo thp gc tiu mc 154
Bi 2: nh thc treo cao gc tiu mc 159
Bi 3: nh thc mc ngoi 161
Bi 4: nh thc cao mc 163
Bi 5: nh thc tam tam 164
Bi 6: Tuyn chn nh thc 164
Chng 17: B cc 169
Bi 1: Tri thc thng thng v b cc. 169
Bi 2: Cc phng php b cc thng gp. 173

4
M u

C Vy hin pht trin trn phm vi th gii m i din l Hip hi c vy ngh nghip d
th gii vi 55 thnh vin hu ht cc chu lc , u, Phi, M, c m Vit Nam chng ta l
mt trong 5 thnh vin mi nht. Hng nm, trn th gii u c nhiu gii v ch c Vy
cho mi i tng thi u, chuyn nghip hoc nghip d, nam hoc n v.v...
Chi c Vy l mt hot ng rt c ch, n khng ch lm phong ph sinh hot vn ho ca
mi ngi, m cn gip ngi ta rn luyn t duy, tng cng ch. Hin nay, mt s nc
m c Vy rt pht trin, ngi ta th nghim a c Vy vo chng trnh gio dc tiu
hc v c hiu qu tt.
Nhn thy cun Vi k nhp mn do lo k s ch Yn Sinh - ngi c kinh nghim trn 20
nm dy c - thy dy c u tin ca danh th Trung Quc - Cu on Trng Vn ng,
v hc tr ca ng - c T Oanh - ngi tng ot danh hiu qun trong gii V ch n
Trung Quc hp tc bin son rt cng phu, phong ph, d hiu, t nng n su, gip
chng ti rt nhiu khi mi tp chi c Vy. Chng ti bin dch mi cc bn yu c tham
kho, hc tp mn c ny. Nu sau khi s dng cun sch ny cc bn thy yu thch mn c
Vy, v c trnh tng tin, chng ti rt cm thy vui lng.
y l ln u tin bin son mt cun sch c Vy ra mt bn c Vit Nam nn vi trnh
c hn nhm bin son chng ti cng cha th thy ht nhng thiu st cn phi sa cha
ca mnh, mong bn c v cc v cao minh trong lng c ch chnh. Chng ti xin chn thnh
cm n.
5
Chng 1: Qun c, bn c v quy tc chi c

Bi 1: Gii thiu v qun bn c

1. Gii thiu s qua v c Vy
C Vy l mt loi vn ho c in phng ng, l mt trong t c in: Cm , k , thi ,
ho n nay c lch s 2, 3 ngn nm. Ngay t thi Xun thu Chin Quc, c Vy rt
hng thnh. Truyn thuyt k rng: ban u, c Vy do vua Nghiu sng to, dy con l
hong t an Chu, v sau tr nn ph bin trong mi tng lp. V c nhiu ch li, c Vy
c lu truyn rng ri v n nay cng cha h mai mt. T Trung Quc, c vy c ph
bin ti Triu Tin, sang Nht Bn- ni m n c ngng m v t a v cao qu o
(C Vy ting Nht l IGO phin m ca ch hn K o) n cng tng qua Vit Nam v
xut hin trong th ca nh th Nguyn Xng (i Trn) nh cu:
Vi k nhn c a,
i tu tu vi hng.
(Chi c vy, nhn l ni c a,
Ung ru vi bn, say l qu nh.)
(bi th Thn qu)
V mt s cu trong truyn Kiu ca Nguyn Du:
Bn t im nc....
c bit trong giai thoi trng c Nguyn Huyn gip vua chi c vi s Tu bng cch cho
nh nng ri qua lng ch nc cho nh vua v chin thng s Tu cng l m t cch chi
c Vy. iu ny chng t c Vy c mt Vit nam t rt lu v c thi k ph bin
hu khp cc ni (cung nh cng nh nng thn).
Nhng Vit Nam cng nh Trung Quc, c nhng lc tnh hnh kinh t chnh tr bin i ln
lao, cc cuc chin tranh phong kin lin tip n ra nh hng ln ti i sng nhn dn nn
cc phng din vn ho cng c s thay i, v c Vy khng trnh khi xu hng chung,
c lc mai mt ( Trung Quc l do khng hong thi k Chin tranh nha phin - 1840).
Gn y (t trc cch mng Vn ho), c Vy c trn hng Trung Quc vi s ng
h ca c Th tng Chu n Lai, Ph th tng Trn Ngh nn trnh c ca cc k th
Trung quc ui kp k gii Nht Bn. Trn th gii, c Vy ngy cng pht trin mnh,
n nay c 36 triu ngi yu thch mn c ny (thng k ca hip hi c Vy nghip d
th gii)
2. Bn c, qun c:
A B C D
D
C
B
A
A
B
C
D
D C B A

6
Bn c hnh vung, to thnh t 19 ng ngang v 19 ng dc, tt c 361 giao im (t
y gi tt l im). Qun c t xung ti cc giao im y, bin, gc hay gia bn u
c. Trn bn li c 9 chm en nh, cc chm en ny c tc dng g? Bi bn c qu ln,
ng thng cng nhiu, v cc im ny ngi chi d nhn bit phng hng v tr.
im chnh gia bn gi l thin nguyn 8 im 4 pha xung quanh l cc sao bin v
sao gc, V tr gn vng gia bn gi l cao, v tr gn bin v gc l thp. ng bin
tnh l ng s 1(A), tip theo l ng s 2 (B), ri s 3 (C), s 4 (D), t ng th 5 vo
trung tm khng cn phn na v u v tr cao c.
Qun c phn lm 2 mu en v trng, en 181 qun, trng 180 qun, cng 2 bn c 361,
ng s im trn bn.

Bi 2: Quy tc

Khi t qun cn t ti giao im, qun c t xung ri khng di chuyn trn bn na. en
i trc mi ngi h mt qun,... cui cng, tnh xem bn no chim c nhiu giao im
hn (nhiu lnh th hn) bn thng.
Trn y ch l khi nim chung chung, tip theo xin bn bc c th.
6 thut ng:

1. Kh: Giao im trng nm ngay cnh qun c gi l kh ca qun c .
Hnh bn: Cc du x l kh ca qun
c. Qun ng gia bn c 4 kh,
ng bin c 3 kh, ng gc c
2 kh,

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Vi du: m th xem cc m qun
trong hnh, mi m c my kh?
p: 4 qun gia c 9 kh, 3 qun
nm st bin c 5 kh.
Hnh bn: tnh th xem, qun en
mi m c my kh?
p: 4 qun gia bn c 5 kh, 4
qun gc bn c 3 kh.

2. Ni: t mt qun c xung bn m c th ni lin 2 qun hoc 2 m qun thnh 1
m qun lin, gi l ni.
Hnh bn: Cc qun en 1 u gi l
ni
1
1
1

7
3. Ct: t mt qun m c th chia qun i phng thnh 2 m ring r gi l
ct.
Hnh bn: Cc qun en 1 u gi l
ct.
1
1

4. nh bt: Chng ta t mt qun khin qun i phng ch cn 1 kh cui cng
(trc i phng c t nht 2 kh) nc c gi l nh bt hoc gi bt (ta
gi tt l nh)
Hnh bn: cc qun en 1 u gi l
nh.
1
1
1
nh l tn hiu cnh co, ngha l i phng ch c mt kh cui cng. Bn b dnh nn
ngh n nguy him ca chnh mnh.

5. Ko di: t mt qun ngay cnh qun mnh sang ngang hay ln xung 1 ng gi
l ko di.
Hnh bn: Cc qun en 1 u gi l
ko di.
1
1
Hnh bn: 2 qun en b trng nh,
gp nguy him, nn c bin php
g?
8
Hnh bn: en 1 ko di, ch cn
qun cu vin ny, en thot
khi nguy him.
1

6. n. Sau khi chng ta t mt qun, lm cho qun ca i phng trng thi
khng cn kh no, ta c php nht ht nhng qun y ca i phng ra ngoi.
Nh th gi l n.
Hnh bn: Cc qun en 1 u gi l
n.
1
1
Hnh bn: th xem qun no b n
phi nht ra sau khi en 1 i.
1
1
1
Hnh bn: tr li l: 2 qun gia
bn v 3 qun gc trn bn phi
ht kh b b ra ngoi, 3 qun bin
bn phi vn cn 1 kh c
nguyn.
1
1
1
Hnh bn: 4 qun en v 4 qun
trng u b vy, ch cn mt kh
im A. By gi ai c quyn n?
p: Nu en i, c th t im
A n qun trng. Nu trng i, cng
c th t im A n .
A
9
Hnh bn: en i trc, nn i ch
no?
Hnh bn: en t qun en 1, n 2
qun trng, trng li dt v tr
qun en n 1 qun , kiu bin
ho ny gi l n 2 tr 1
1

bi luyn tp.
1.

2.

3.
A
B

4.
2
1
8
4
6
9
3
5
7

10=1
5.


p n:
1.

2. 8 qun en c 10 kh.
10
3. en i trc nn t im B n 3 qun trng, trng i trc nn t im A n en 2
qun.
4. en 1 l ct, trng 2 ko di, en 3 nh, trng 4 ko di, en 5 nh, trng 6 cng l nh,
en 7 l nh, trng 8 l n, en 9 l nh, trng 10 l ni.
5. Hnh ny gi l n 3 tr 1.
1

2=
11
Chng 2:Luyn tp bt qun v phng php bt qun


Bi 1: Luyn tp

Chng ta hc qua quy tc nn
luyn tp nng cao kh nng bt
qun. Mi bn ly qun c v r
bn khc cng chi. vic luyn
tp thun tin bn nn by qun nh
hnh bn, th xem ai bt c nhiu
(en i trc, c th nh ra n 3
qun trc l thng c). Khi bt
tho ta s nh ra n nhiu qun hn
th mi thng (cch tnh thng thua
ny ch luyn tp n qun, khng
phi l chi c vy thc s)
Hnh bn: en va mi nh, trng
c th ti A "nh" qun en
khng? Tt nhin khng th. Trng
A, en B n ngay 1 qun trng
A
B
1
Hnh bn: Khi 1 nh n, tr2 di l
cch i ng. Trc phi bo v
mnh an ton sau mi tm c hi n
en.
2
1
Xin lu : Hnh bn: en t qun
1 c th n 1 qun trng, sau
trng t vo c th n qun en,
nu c n mi th (en n ri trng
n) th bao gi ht? Loi hnh ny "
n 1, n li 1" - trong c vy gi l
"cp". Trong quy tc c vy quy
nh: sau khi qun en 1 n qun
trng, trng khng th lp tc n li
cn i qua 1 nc mi
1
c n li, ngc li en cng vy. " Cp" trong c vy l mt tnh hung c th. Li
dng nh cp l mt chin thut phc tp. V sau chng ta s xem xt n.

Bi 2: Bt i, bt ti ca, bt m

Mun n qun ch, cn nng cao kh nng bt qun, nm c phng php bt qun. Cch
bt qun c nhiu, c cch d, cch kh. Bi ny xin gii thiu 3 cch bt qun n gin nht.

1. Bt i
Khi ta h mt qun khin 2 qun hay hai m qun tch ri ca i phng ng thi b
"nh" (cn 1 kh) qun va t gi l nc "bt i". Ta chc chn s n c 1 bn.
12
Hnh bn: Cc qun en 1 l cch
"bt i"
1
1
Hnh bn: en 1 bt i, trng 2 ni,
en 3 n 1 qun nu trng 2 v tr
en 3 di, en vo v tr trng 2 hin
thi n 2 qun
3
1 2
Hnh bn: en lm sao n c
qun trng?
Hnh bn: en 1 nh, trng 2 di,
en 3 bt i th no cng n c
hai qun trng
2
3
1
Hnh bn: en lm sao n c
qun trng?
13
Hnh bn: en 1 nh trng im
yu, tr2 ni, en 3 bt i, trng 4
ni 5 qun v, en 5 n gn 2 qun
trng
2
1
4
3 5

2. Bt ti ca
Hnh bn: .1 nh, trng 2 qun
khng th chy thot. Trng nu
bng im A di, th en t
im B n, tn tht ca trng cng
ln. Hnh ny 2 bn en c 2 qun
ng gi trng chy qua khng lt
gi l "bt ti ca"
A
C
1
VD: Hnh bn: Qun en c th n
qun trng khng?
en i A bt ti ca chnh xc,
nu trng t qun vo im B
chy, en n 4 qun C, lc ny
trng c th t ti B n 1 qun en
y l "n 4 tr 1" (Khng ging
nh cp - "n 1 n li 1" - xin lu
)
A B
C
Hnh bn: en lm sao n c
qun trng
- en a nh 3 qun trng, nu
trng ni b. en nh nc n ti
ca c
c
b
a
Hnh bn: en li c th cu 2 qun
en ?
- en a, nu trng b, en c n ti
ca.
a
c
b

3. Bt m (bt bng cch m li)
14
Hnh bn: en c th bt trng
khng?
- en nh ti a, trng khng chy
thot, bn hnh dung qun en nu
t ti a ging nh cnh tay m i
phng li
a
Hnh bn: Th so snh xem hai
hnh: c en bt trng y, u l
bt m, u l bt ti ca
Rt n gin, bn phi l bt m,
bn tri l bt ti ca.
Hnh bn: Suy ngh bin php bt
2 qun trng cu hai qun en?
- en a, trng b, en c li l bt m
b
c
a

bi luyn tp:
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

15

Bi gii
1.
5 3
4
1
2

2.
2 1
4
5 3

3.
3 1
2

4.
3
2
1

5.
1
3
5
2
4

6.
4
5
2
3
1


16
Bi 3: Chinh qun

Hnh bn: en c th n qun trng
ny khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 nh, trng 2 ko
di, en 3 nh, trng 4 li ko di,
en 5 li nh,... c nh vy s
thnh ra th no? Chng ta khng
kh nhn ra, cui cng ton b qun
trng b qun en vy bt gn. Kiu
nh t 2 bn khin cho qun trng
lun ch cn 1 kh, sau n gn
qun trng ca qun en nh th
gi l chinh qun, thng gi l
vn u d. Ngi mi hc cn
by i by li nhiu ln trn bn c
kiu bt qun vn u d ny cho
tht l thnh thc khng th nhm
ln mi c.
1
2
4
5
3
6
8
9
7
10
12
13
11
14
16
17
15
18
20
21
19
22
24
25
23
Hnh bn: By n trng 12 ko di,
c trng thot cht, nguyn do l
qun en no i sai vy? Qun en
11 sai r, en 11 nn i ch trng
12 nh mi vn u d n c trng
c.
1
2
4
5
3
6
8
9
7
10
11
12
Hnh bn: Pha di c 1 qun
trng, lc y en c th vn u d
n qun trng khng
17
Hnh bn: Nu en vn vn u d
qun trng, sau khi cc qun trng
b vn u d ni lin vi qun trng
th li nhiu thm 1 kh, khng th
b bt ngay v c th tin hnh phn
kch cc im A, B, C... bt i
qun en, kiu ny en thua tan
tnh. Qun trng nm trn ng
vn u d c tc dng cu thot
cho qun trng, gi l qun tip
ng. Khi trng c qun tip ng,
en khng th vn u d trng.
1
A
2
4
5
C
3
6
8
9
B
7
10 11
Hnh bn: Qun trng c 1 qun
tip vin pha di bn tri, en
c th n trng bng vn u d
khng?
Hnh bn: en c th n trng bng
vn u d. en 1, 3, 5 c th vn
u d qun trng v hng pha
di bn phi, qun trng tip ng
ch c tc dng g c, ch ngi nhn
qun trng b en n thi. Vn u
d n qun c khi ch c 1
hng, c khi c 2 hng ta la
chn, c khi li cn c tnh hung
thc t m c th i hng. Chng
ta xt n v d di y.
1 2
3
4
6
7
5
8
10
11
9
Hnh bn: Bn di c my qun
trng, en c th n 2 qun trng
pha trn khng?
Hnh bn: en 1, 3, 5 lin tc nh,
n en 11, en c th hng v
pha trn bn tri vn u d qun
trng.
9
11
10
8
6
7
4
5
2
3
1
18
Hnh bn: 2 qun trng pha trn b
en vn u d, lc ny trng t
qun , chun b tip ng cho qun
trng, qun trng ny gi l qun
dn ng. Bn en lp tc t
qun en 1 n ngay 2 qun trng.
Trong thc chin, qun dn ng
l mt loi chin thut, mn qun
dn ng ny c th chim c
thun li mt ni khc.
1

19
bi luyn tp:
1.

2.

3.

4.


p n:
1.
7
5
6
4
3
2
1

2.
7
5
6
4
1
3
2

3.
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
11
9
12
13

4.
1 2
3
4
6
7
5
8
9
10
12
13
11


Bi 4: Kho

Hnh bn: Trng c qun tip ng
pha di bn tri, c en c th
n qun trng khng? Hin nhin
khng th dng vn u d c,
vy c th dng cch khc khng?
20
Hnh bn: en t en 1, qun
trng lp tc b n. Sau nu trng
ko ra A, en c th t B n
ti ca 2 qun trng, kiu kho ca
qun en 1 gi l kho, cng gi l
gng. c im ca kho l khng
xit kh i phng ging nh vn
u d hay cch khc.
B A
1
Hnh bn: en lm sao ngh bin
php n 2 qun trng.
Hnh bn: en 1 kho ln 2 qun
trng, v sau nu trng chy ra
ngoi, cng m cng t xit kh,
n en 7 trng b n. trong khi n
qun, c khi ch dng 1 loi bt
qun, c lc phi dng 2 thm chi
nhiu cch mi n c qun i
phng.
3 2
1 6
7
4
5
Hnh bn: Ch c n 2 qun trng ,
bn en mi cu thot c 4 qun
en pha trn. en lm sao n
y?
Hnh bn: en 1, 3 nh, v sau 9
kho, n c qun trng. kho cn
c 2 loi bay kha v kho
mm na, v sau s ging ti.
9
8 6
7
4
5
2
3
1

bi luyn tp:
1.

2.


21
p n:
1.
1
2
3
4
5

2.
1
3 2
4
5



Bi 5: V v v ngc

1. Ming h
Hnh bn: en i 1 gi l h, 3
qun en khng ch im A gi l
ming h, bn trng nu khng
cn thn m t nhm vo ming h
tt b en n ngay.
1 A
Hnh bn: bin, gc v trung tm
cc im A u l ming h, ch c
l trung tm to mt ming h
dng 3 qun, bin to 1 h khu
dng 2 qun, gc ch cn 1 qun.
Xem li thy hnh h khu gc v
bin khng r lm, nhng chng ta
nn thc v tr A, r rng l ming
h.
A
C
B
Hnh bn: tnh th xem hai bn en
trng to c bao nhiu ming h,
ch khng b qua ming h
bin. p n l trng to c 6
ming h, en to c 6 ming h,
cng li l 12 ming h.

2. V
Nu chng ta i c khng cn thn, t qun c nhm vo ming h ca i phng th s b
i phng n mt, nhng trong c Vy c mt th nh quan trng li l c t mt qun
vo ming h cho i phng n gi l v.
Hnh bn: en 1 trong cc hnh bn
u gi l v. Tc dng ca c
Vy rt l rng ri, khng bit l n
qun, cng st, sng cht u c
kh nng dng n. Bi ny ch ni
qua tc dng n qun ca v.
1
1
1

22
3. V ngc
Hnh bn: en c th n 3 qun
trng khng? Qu n gin! en i
vo A th n gn 3 qun trng.
A
Hnh bn: Xem th 2 hnh c hnh
bn c g khc bit? Chng ta c th
nhn ra ngay, trong hnh bn tri b
thiu mt qun trng v tr A,
trong hnh bn phi en t xung
im B mt qun c th n 3 qun
trng. Trong hnh bn tri, nu en
c n nh no buc trng phi
i vo im A mt qun th lc
c th n c 3 qun trng, vn
ch n nh nh th no?
A B
Hnh bn: en 1 v, trng 2 n, en
3 li i vo v tr qun en 1 c th
n ngay 3 qun trng. Kiu i ny-
u tin t vo ming h i
phng 1 qun, khi i phng n
xong, li n ngay li my qun ca
i phng (ti thiu l 3 qun)-gi
l v ngc. n kiu v ngc
ti thiu 3 qun nhiu th 7, 8 qun
thm ch mi my qun. V
ngc c th s dng mi ch:
bin, gc, trung tm.
2 1
3=1
Hnh bn: en c th n my qun
trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 v c th n ngay
4 qun trng, nu trng i A n,
th en li t im en 1 c th
v ngcn 5 qun trng.
1 A
Hnh bn: en c th n vi qun
trng khng?
Hnh bn: en i qun en 1 l cch
i ng, sau nc ny, qun trng 2
bn u c th b bt bng v
ngc, gi l v ngc i.
Trng 2 ni, en 3 n 2 qun trng.
C khi ch ring v khng th
trc tip n qun ch, m cn phi
kt hp vi cc n khc mi c th
bt qun c.
3
1
2
23
Hnh bn: en c th n my qun
trng , cu thot 2 qun en bn
trn khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 nh qu n gin,
trng 2 ni, en khng th n qun
trng.
1 2
Hnh bn: en 1 v l cch chnh
xc, khi trng 2 n, en 3 li nh
bt, tip theo n en 9, en c th
vn u d n trng.
2
3
1
5
6
7
8 9
4=1
Hnh bn: en c th n my qun
trng, cu thot 2 qun en bn trn
khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 mun ct qun
trng, trng 2 ni, tip n en 3,
trng 4 en khng cn cch g na.
1 2
3 4
Hnh bn: en 1v, trng 2 n, en
3 nh, trng 4 ni, tip n en 7
bt m qun trng.
3 2 1
5
6
7
4=1

24


bi luyn tp:
1.

2.

3.

4.



Bi gii luyn tp:
1.
1 2

3=1
2.
3
4
2
1

5=1
3.
3 2
1 5

4=1
4.
3
2 1
6
7
5

4=1

25
Bi 6: Ni khng v

Hnh bn: en 1 nh, 2 qun trng
ni v khng kp lin b n, gi l
ni khng v. Hnh c ni khng
v c th xut hin bin, gc,
trung ng, m hnh dng cng
thin bin vn ho.
1
Hnh bn: en c th n my qun
trng, cu thot 2 qun en bn trn
khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 ko di, trng 2
ni en 3 nh, trng 4 ni, kt qu
l khng n c qun trng.
4 2 3 1
Hnh bn: en 1 v l cch chnh
xc, trng 2 n, en 3 li nh, 4
qun trng b n ni khng v
1 2 3
Hnh bn: en c th n my qun
trng , cu thot 2 qun en bn
trn khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 nh, trng 2 ni,
en 3 li nh, trng 4 n, mc ch
n trng ca bn en tht bi.
1
3
2
4
Hnh bn: en 1 v rt l quan
trng, trng 2 n, en 3 nh 3 qun
trng, trng b n ni khng v.
n ni khng v nhiu khi cn kt
hp vi n v, v vy khi gp
tnh hung ny cn ngh xem c
dng v hay khng.
2
3
1

26
bi luyn tp:
1.

2.

3.

4.


Bi gii luyn tp:
1.
1 2 5

3=1;4=

2.
4
1 2
5
3

3.
2
1
3

4.
3
4
1
2 5



27
Bi 7: Chy qun

Chng ta va xem qua vi cch n qun, qua vic hc tp cc cch y, kh nng bt qun ca
chng ta c nng cao mt bc. Nhng khi nh c vi ngi khc khng ch l mnh n
qun ca i phng m i phng cng mun n qun mnh. Khi qun ta b qun ch vy
cn ngh cch chy thot, bi ny ging v lm sao chy qun.

1. Li dng nc nh.
Hnh bn: Qun trng ct, n
1 qun en b ct, en phi lm g?
Hnh bn: en 1 nh, trng 2 ko
di, en 3 ni, nhanh chng chy
thot ra ngoi.
2
1 3
Hnh bn: Bn trng dng nc
kho giam 3 qun en, qun en
c cch chy thot khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 m (ko di mt
qun v im cch gia 2 qun i
phng gi l m), trng 2 chn,
en 3, 5, 7 3 ln lin tc nh cui
cng chy ra en 9.
7
9
4
1
8
3
2
5
6

2. Li dng bt ti ca
Hnh bn: en lm sao chy thot 2
qun en b vy?
28
Hnh bn: en 1 nh, trng 2 ni,
en 3 h, trng 4 v n qun en,
en tht bi.
2 1 4
3
Hnh bn: en 1 ko di l chnh
xc, chun b n trng ti A, trng 2
i (2 qun ng song song vi 2
qun khc cch nhau 1 ng gi l
i) en 3 ko di to thnh
ming h. Nh vy en chy thot.
A
2
1
3
Hnh bn: 3 qun en b vy c hy
vng chy thot khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 ko di, trng 2
m, en 3 ko di, trng 4 li m,
en 5 ko di, chun b n 2 qun
trng, trng ch nn i trng 6, th
l en 7 ni v.
1
2
3
4
6
5
7

3. Li dng v ngc.
Hnh bn: en lm sao chy thot 2
qun en b vy?
29
Hnh bn: en 1 v, trng 2 n, en
3 nh, trng 4 ni, en 5 ni, trng
6 c th n 2 gn qun en. en
khng chy thot.
5
2
3
6
1
4=1
Hnh bn: en 1 chc (t 1 qun
gc i din qua vung gi l
chc), chun b n 2 qun trng,
trng 2 ch c ni, lc ny en 3 ko
di chy thot ra ngoi.
1
3
2
Chy qun vi n bt qun c kt hp mt thit, ch c thnh thc n n qun, mi c th
nng cao bn lnh chy qun. Phng php chy qun khng ch c 3 loi, trong khi thc chin
cn suy ngh thin phng bch k, ch cn chy thot qun quan trng ca bn mnh, dng
cch no cng c.

Bi 8: Yu lnh n qun bin, gc

Hnh bn: en lm th no n 1
qun trng trn bin?
Hnh bn: Rt d, en 1 nh, trng
2 chy n hng 1, en 3 li bt,
trng ht ng chy.
2 3
1
Hnh bn: en 1 bt theo hng 1 l
rt sai lm, trng 2 chy ra, qun
en khng c cch bt trng na.
1
2
Hnh bn: Trng ct qun en
hng 3, en lm th no i ph vi
bn trng?
30
Hnh bn: en 1 bt hng 3 cho
qun trng chy xung hng 2 l ct
chnh xc, trng 2 ng(trong
phm vi bin, goc ko di 1 qun v
v pha hng 1 gi l ng). Tip
theo en 3 chn khng hay, trng 4
ko di, en 5 chn, trng 6 bt i,
en tht bi.
5 4
1
6
2 3
Hnh bn: en 1 nh, 3 chn,
phng hng chnh xc, v sau
n 7 n c qun trng.
3
1
7
2 4 5 6
Hnh bn: en lm th no n
c 2 qun trng?
Hnh bn: en 1 nh, sai v hng
bt, trng 2 ko di xung di
ng thi nh qun en, en tht
bi.
1
2
Hnh bn: en 1 nh chnh xc,
trng 2 ng xung, lc ny en 3
chn rt quan trng, trng 4 ko
di, en 5 b, 4 qun trng khng
cn ng thot.
5 4 2 3
1
Hnh bn: en lm sao vy n 3
qun trng bin trn?
Hnh bn: en 1 b hng 3 chnh
xc, trng 2 b hng 2, tin hnh
phn khng, v sau n en 7, c
trng b vy khn bin s b bt.
7 5
6
4
3
2
1

31
Bi 9: So kh

Trong qu trnh en, trng 2 bn tin hnh kch lit ui bt ln nhau, thng xut hin tnh
hung c 2 u khng th chy thot ra ngoi, ch c mt mt mt cn, ch sng ta cht, ay
l vn xit (bt) kh trong c Vy. l mt vn rt phc tp, v sau s c mt chng
chuyn ging, bi ny ch v nhng bin ho gin n nht.

1. Ko di kh.
Bin php t lm thm kh mt bn gi l ko di kh.
Hnh bn: 3 qun trng bn trn
c 3 kh, m 3 qun en b trng vy
ch c 2 kh, by gi en c th n
trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 nh, 3 ni, trng
4 bt kh, kt qu c en ch c 2
kh.
3
4
1 2
Hnh bn: en 1 ko di rt hay,
chun b bt ti ca 2 qun trng,
trng 2 bt kh en, ng thi cng
c 2 qun b nguy him, lc ny en
3 li ko di, trng 4 ni xong en
vn c 3 kh, en i trc bt kh c
th git trng.
5
1
3
4
2
Hnh bn: en lmn th no ko di
kh git tr?
Hnh bn: en 1 nh, 3 ni, t 2
kh tng thnh 4, kt qu xit kh n
c qun trng.
3 1
2

2. Xit kh
Trong i st, bin php bt kn kh th ca m qun i phng gi l xit kh.
32
Hnh bn: 3 qun en pha trn ch
c 3 kh, khng th ko di thm,
vy c th xit kh git trng trc
khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 mun ct, trng 2
ni, v sau en 3 xit kh, by gi 2
bn u l 3 kh m trng 4 li xit
kh trc, en vn b git.
4 6
1 2
3
5
Hnh bn: en 1 v l phng php
xit kh hay dng, trng 2 n, en 3
nh, trng 4 ni, lc ny 2 bn u
c 3 kh, en xit kh trc n c
trng.
3 2 1
5
4=1
Hnh bn: en ch c 3 kh, trng c
nhiu kh hn, en i trc c th
n trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 v, 3 nh u tin
xit kh qun trng, sau li nh
en 5, en 7 ni - ko di kh qun
en. Sau cc n ny, trng c 4
kh, en c 5 kh, 2 bn xit kh tt
nhin en thng.
6
5 7
3 2 1
Ta thy rng trong qu trnh i st, phi c trm mu ngn k, khng ch ngh n gin l
xit kh hay ko di kh m phi kt hp nhun nhuyn nhiu n nh mi c th git ch i
ti thng li.

33
Bi tp tng hp 1
1.


2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.


10.

34
11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.


35
p n
1.
7
6
1
5
2
3

4=1
2.
1
3
5
7
2
4
6 8 9

3.
2
3
1

4.
3
5 4
6
7
2
1

5.
4
3
2
1 5

6.
2
1 3

7.
5
3
4 1
2

8.
3
2
1

9.
5
4 2
3 1

10.
5 2
3
4
1

36
11.
5 1
3
2

4=1

12.
1
2 3
5

4=1
13.
3
1
2

14.
3
1
2

15.
2 1
3

16.
3 2
1

17.
3
2 1

18.
4
1 2 5
3

19.
1
3 5
2 6 4 7

20.
7
2
1
5
4
3

6=1

37
Chng 3: Gii thiu s qua v sng cht

Bi 1: C sng cn c 2 mt

Trong tri thc nhp mn v c Vy, tri thc v c sng cht v tri thc v bt qun, n qun
l 2 phn khng th thiu, khng hiu sng cht khng th chi c Vy c.

1. Mt
Mt s qun c vy kn xunh quanh
mt im trng th gi l mt.
Trong Hnh bn: Cc im A u
gi l mt.
Mt chia ra lm 2 loi, mt tht v
mt gi. Nh vy l th no? trong
hnh bn, 3 mt im A u l mt
tht, bi v chng c to bi cc
qun ni vi nhau lin tip v hon
chnh, i phng khng th ph
c 3 mt ny.
A
A
A
Hnh bn: 6 qun en to thnh 1
mt, y l mt gi. Ti sao y li
l mt gi?
Hnh bn: Khi trng t thm 2
qun lin nh bt 3 qun en,
en phi ni im A, nh vy mt
ca en ti A khng cn na. Tm
li, nu mt m i phng c th
ph c th l mt gi, mt m
i phng khng th ph c l
mt tht.
A
Hnh bn: Tnh th xem bn en,
bn trng tt c c my mt, u l
mt tht, u l mt gi?
p n: en to c 2 mt, trng
to c 3 mt, cng li l 5 mt,
trong c mt ti im A l mt
gi. Ti sao mt C li l mt tht?
Tuy l im B khng c qun
en, nhng im ny l h khu, c
trng khng th ph mt im B.
V th, im C cng l mt tht.
B
C
A

2. To 2 mt thnh c sng
Trong c Vy, mt c tc dng g?
38
Hnh bn: Qun en b qun trng
vy kn, khng c mt kh no bn
ngoi, ch c 2 mt m l 2 mt
tht, trng c th n qun en
khng? Tr li l khng. Mun n
en, trng phi chn (bt) ht kh
ca en, nhng trng khng th bt
2 kh trong (ni kh) ca en 2
mt A, B. V vy khng th git
en.
B
A
Hnh bn: Qun va t bt mt
qun mnh, c en ch cn mt mt,
lc ny trng c th vo A n en v
khi trng vo A, en khng cn kh
no.
A
Vy, c th thy 2 mt quyt nh s cn mt ca mt m qun c. Khi c ca bn mnh b
bao vy, th nn to thnh 2 mt tht sng. Nu mnh vy c mt m qun ch, cn
dng trm mu ngn k ph mt tht ca qun ch hng n ht c m qun ch.
3. Phng php to mt n gin
Hnh bn: C en b trng vy trn gc, n lt
en i nn i th no? Nu n lt trng i th nn
i th no? Vn ny rt n gin, en i trc
t A gi l to 2 mt, to c m c c 2
mt l c sng khng th b ch bt. Nu trng
c i trc cng i A gi l im mt khin
en ch cn i cht.
A
Hnh bn: en i trc nn i vo
ch no?
Hnh bn: en 1 to mt l nc i
chnh xc, tip theo trng 2, 4 chun
b ph mt, en 3, 5 chng to
thnh mt hon chnh th c sng.
en 1 nu t v tr en 3, th
trng 2 vo v tr en 5, en b ph 1
mt ch cn li 1 mt s cht.
2 3 1 5 4
Hnh bn: en i trc, lm sao to
thm 1 mt sng?
39
Hnh bn: en 1 h l im quan
trng to mt, tip theo n en
7 to thnh mt mt hon chnh.
Trong , nu trng 2 sa i v tr
quan en 3, en s ng xung v
tr trng 2. Trng khng th n qun
en, v th c en vn sng.
6 7 1 5
3
2 4
Hnh bn: en i trc c th git
qun trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 im mt, nh
trng im yu ca c trng, trng
2 chn, en 3 ni v, c trng cht
r.
3 1 2
Hnh bn: en i trc c th ph
mt git trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 v l cch thng
dng khi ph mt, trng ch cn
cch n ngay bng nc trng 2,
en 3 li nh, ph xong mt ca
trng.
2
1
3

bi luyn tp
1.

2.

3.

4.

40
5.

6.

7.

8.


p n
1.
1

2.
1

3.
1

4.
2
1
3

5.
2 1
4
3

5=3
6.
1
2
5

3=1; 4=
7.
8 9 3 7
5
4
1
6
2

8.
5 3
1
4
2

Bi 2: Sng chung

41
Hnh di: 3 qun en vi 4 qun trng u b vy kn khng th chy thot. Trong tnh hung
ny, ai sng ai cht? Hnh c ny cng hay gp trong thc t
i st, 2 bn u khng c kh bn
ngoi, ch c 2 kh chung gia.
hin thi khng ai dm i vo kh
chung, v th gi l hai m sng
chung.
Hnh bn: Hai bn u c 1 mt,
gia c 1 kh chung, ai sng, ai
cht? Hin nhin ch ai dm vo A
chn kh, v th cng l hai m
sng chung, mi m c mt mt.
A
Hnh bn: C trng mi bn c 1
mt, chen gia l 2 qun en. Chng
ai dm i vo kh chung hng git
ch, y l 3 m sng chung.
Trong khi i st, nu khng th git c i phng, th nn c chim ly s an ton cho
mnh, c gng to thnh sng chung. Sng chung c tc dng ln trong i st v trong quan
t, khng nn b qua.

bi luyn tp
1.

2.


3.

4.


p n
1.
1
2
3

2.
5 4 6
1
2 3

42
3.
3 2
4 1

4.
4 5
1
3
2


Bi 3: Hnh c sng cht thng gp

nng cao kh nng nh c, u tin phi nng cao kh nng phn bit m c sng cht.
V th chng ta cn luyn tp thnh thc nm vng nhng hnh sng cht c bn, khi gp
nhng hnh c y c th kt lun nhanh chng l sng hay cht.
Hnh bn: C trng vy bn trong 3
im trng nm trn 1 ng thng.
en i trc, m trng sng hay
cht? Cu hi n gin qu, en i
trc im mt im A, trng
cht c m. Hnh c ca m trng
ny gi l thng 3.
A
Hnh bn: en i trc, c trng b
vy l sng hay cht? en t qun
A, trng b im mt cht, hnh c
loi ny gi l gy 3
A
Hnh bn: C trng vy c 4 im
trng thng hng bn trong, en
i trc c th git trng khng?
Trong hnh ny, en i A ph mt
th trng i B to 2 mt hoc ngc
li. Tm li, c trng sng, hnh c
ny gi l thng 4.
A B
Hnh bn: Trng c 4 im trng
bn trong, en cng khng th git
trng, hnh ny gi l gy 4
Hnh bn: Trng c 4 im trng
hnh ch inh bn trong, en c
th im A, trng cht. Hnh ny
l hnh inh 4.
A
Hnh bn: Trng vy bn trong 4
im trng to thnh hnh vung,
en khng cn im trng cng
cht. V sao vy? V nu trng i
vo bt c im no bn trong cng
thnh hnh gy 3 lc y en im
mt vn kp, trng s cht.
43
Hnh bn: Trng vy bn trong 5
im hnh ch thp, en i trc c
git c khng? en im vo A
chnh gia khin trng cht. Hnh
ny l hnh hoa mai 5, v sau en
c th i 3 qun B, C, D nu
trng n qun en 4 qun thnh ra
hnh inh 4 en li im mt, cui
cng trng vn b cht.
B A
D
C
Hnh bn: Trng vy bn trong 5
im, trng ging nh hnh li dao
(ao), v th ly tn l ao 5. en
im A, trng cht. V sau en
im thu nh mt trng thnh inh
4, ri thng 3, ni chung trng
cht chc.
A


Hnh bn: Trng vy c 6 im
trng, en i trc c git c
trng khng? en im A c th
git trng, v sau trng m i B, en
i C trng khng th to 2 mt.
Trng m khng i th nu cn thit,
en c th to hnh trng thnh hoa
5 hay ao 5 git trng, hnh ny
gi l hoa 6.
C
A B
Tm li trnh by qua: thng 3, gy 3, inh 4, vung 4, ao 5, hoa mai 5, hoa 6 l hnh cht;
gy 4, thng 4 l hnh sng.

bi luyn tp
1.

2.

3.

4.

44
5.

6.

7.

8.


p n
1.
1

2.
2
1
3

3.
1

4.
2 1
3



5.
1

6.
1


45
7.
1 2
3

8.
1
2

3=1

Bi tp tng hp 2
1.

2.

3.


4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

46
11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.


47
p n bi tp tng hp 2
1.
6
7 1
2
5
4

3=
2.
2
3
1

3.
2 1
3

4.
4 3 5
2
1

5.
3 5 1
2
4

6.
5
3 4
1
2

7.
4 2
3
1
5





8.
3 1 2

9.
1

10.
2
1
3

11.
2
3
1

12.
2
1

3=1
48
13.
3
1
2

14.
1

15.
2
1
3



16.
1
3
2
4
5

17.
2 1
3

18.
3 1
2

19.
1
2
5
4
3

20.
2
4 1
5
3


49
Chng 4: Quy tc thng thng v b tr qun c


Bi 1: Gc vng, bin bc, gia l c kh

Trc y chng ta hc qua mt s cch n qun nh vn u d, bt i, v ngc cng
hc cch lm th no chy thot khi nguy him, i st kh v tri thc v sng cht.
qua vic hc tp cc tri thc trn, chng ta c mt hiu bit nht nh v c Vy, v kh
nng chi c cng tng bc c nng cao, c c s chun b cho vic chnh thc chi
vn c thc s, chng ta cn c kin thc v s b tr qun c. Ch "vy" trong c vy bao
gm ngha v 2 mt: 1 l vy bt qun i phng, 2 l vy chim a bn lnh th, mc ch
cui cng ca n qun cng l mun chin nhiu lnh th. Khi bt u vn c (giai on b
cc-b tr cc th), u phi tranh chim trc cc im quan trng, v sau 2 bn trin khai
chin u kch lit, cui cng 2 bn u tranh chim n cc vng bin gii. Th th nhng
im quan trng trong giai on b cc l nhng im u? Trong chng ny ta c th tr
li cu hi ny.
Hnh bn: vy c 1 im vng gia
bn phi dng 4 qun c, bin dng 3
qun, gc ch dng 2 qun.
Hnh bn: cng nh vy, vy
12 im, gia bn cn dng 18
qun, bin trn dng 12 qun,
gc ch dng 8 qun.
Qua 2 hnh trn, chng ta d dng nhn thy gc l d chim nht, tip theo l bin, vng
gia bn kh chim nht. V th trong c Vy c cu ni: gc vng, bin bc, gia l c
kh. Cu ni ny ni ln mc quan trng ca 3 vng gc, bin, v trung tm.
Gc d chim nht, v th chim gc trc, nhng c th chim nh th no?
Hnh bn: en 1 t im c to
1,1 c khng? Tt nhin
khng tt, trng i 2 khin en 1
b cht.
2
1
Hnh bn: en 1 t im 2,2
c khng? Trng i im 3,3
vy qun en, tip n 10 ngng,
tuy nhin en sng trong gc,
nhng ngoi th (th bn ngoi) ca
trng rt mnh, en vn bt li.
8 7
2
4
6
10
1
3
5
9
50
Hnh bn: en 1 t hng 5,
mun chim t rt ln, nhng
khng th khng ch ni, trng 2
chim v tr sao, en 1 hu nh
khng ly c t. V th khi mi
u, chim gc khng nn v tr
qu cao hay qu thp, thng
hng 3, hng 4 l c.
1
2
Hnh bn:
Trong giai
on u ca
vn c, en
dng 8 qun
vy 12 im
l tt hay
xu? Tt
nhin khng
tt, hon ton
khng cn
thit, so vi 8
qun trng
chim gi
nhiu a
phng qua
trng th en
qu l bt li.
Hnh bn: en dng 2 qun c th
gc cng c, kiu ny gi l v
u gic (gc khng lo), hoc gi l
bay gn gi gc.
Hnh bn: 3 qun en vy t rt
hay, 2 bn hng 3 gia hng 4,
nhp nhng phi hp va linh hot
va chc chn.

Bi 2: Cch cch i cng th thng thng

1. M bin
Trong phm vi bin, gc t mt qun v mt trong hai bn phi, tri cch 1 hay vi hng gi
l m.
Hnh bn: en 1 m v pha tri
cch 2 ng gi l m 2
1
51
Hnh bn: en c 2 qun pha trn
bn phi, m v pha tri v tr
qun en 1 gi l ng 2, m 3.
Thng thng c qun cng mnh
cng c th m ln, nh th mi c
th pht huy hiu sut ca qun c.
1

2. Treo gc
Hnh bn: en 1 tn cng gc qun
trng gi l treo gc. Thng
thng l bay gn treo gc nh en
1, nu treo gc im A l treo cao
cch 1, treo gc B l bay xa treo
gc.
B 1
A

3. Gip cng (nh kp gng km)
Hnh bn: en 1 l phng php
gip cng hay dng, gi l gip
cng thp cch 1, A l gip cng
cao cch 2, B l gip cng thp
cch 3.
B
A
1

4. Nhy
Hnh bn: en 1 cch qun sn c
bin 1 ng v pha trung tm gi
l nhy- b php ch yu bin.
1

5. Trn
Hnh bn: en 1 cch qun trng
sn c bin 1 ng v pha trung
tm gi l trn- l cch tn cng
v xm lc ch yu. V sau xin
bn k.
1

6. Bay cng
Hnh bn: en 1 dng bay ( cch
gc i ca qun trng 1 hng gi
l bay) cng kch qun trng gi
l bay cng. Bay cng l phng
php tn cng rt hiu qu.
1

52
7. Dng
Hnh bn: en dng 1 qun ngay
cnh qun trng, l mt cch c th
s dng trong c tn cng v phng
th.
1

8. Bay ra, chc ra
Hnh bn: Khi qun trng trn,
en ch c cch chy trn ra hai
bn. Nu chy A, gi l chc ra
(i 1 qun gc i vi qun mnh
qua vung gi l chc), nu
chy B gi l bay ra, nh vy c
th chy thot qun b cng.
A B

9. Vng ln
Trong giai on b cc, im quan trng trn gi mt vng t hai bn u mong mun chim
c gi l i vng ln. Hnh di: en 1 l im vng ln m 2 bn u mun chim.
Sau khi chim c vng ln gc khng lo ca en phi hp rt tt, th lc rt rng ri.
Nu b trng chim mt v tr ny, th th trng ln mnh, th en thnh nh hn nhiu.
1

10. Chia gi
t qun trong phm vi th lc ca qun ch, li c t d m bin, cch i nh th gi l
chia gi. Hnh di: 2 qun trng t hai sao gc gi l nh lin tinh (2 sao lin), nu b
trng chim sao bin (im A) gi l tam lin tinh th th trng cng ln. phng chng
th trng qua ln, en 1 gi l chia gi. v sau trng i C en m B.
B 1
A
C


11. nhp (nh vo trong)
t 1 qun vo phm vi t i phng m khng c t m, gi l nhp. Hnh di:
Bin trn th lc qun trng qu ln, en 1 dng cm nhp ph t trng. nhp l n
quan trng ph t i phng, thng s dng trong khi chin u giai on trung bn.
53
1


Cch i cng th c qu nhiu thut ng, v sau chng ti s tu theo ni dung cp m
trnh by tip. Hin ti chng ta nm vng cch bt qun, c sng cht, v tri thc s b v
b cc, nn chnh thc luyn tp nh c. T tp chi c nh n qun n chi vn c chnh
thc cn c s hiu bit, tin b nht nh, nu c th lin h vi hun luyn vin hoc c
ngi chi c c trnh nht nh xem xt hng dn th cng tt.

Bi 3: thc tn cng v phng th

Chi c vy cng nh ma gy, nh quyn cng cn c tn cng v phng th. T lc bt
u vn c n cui vn c u cn quan tm . Mun nng cao trnh c, quan trng l
phi tng cng thc cng th.

1. thc tin cng
Tch cc ch ng tin cng l th on ch yu t n thng li. Nu c th tn cng i
phng nht nh cn tin cng, khi no khng th tn cng hoc khi n nh khng hiu
qu mi ngh n cch phng th th no hoc ngh cc i sch khc.
Hnh bn: Trng b, en nn
nhng cho trng t hng 2 chy ra
khng?
Hnh bn: en ng nhin cn
chn li, khng cn bit gc trng
sng hay cht u phi vy trng
bn trong. Trng 2 ni, en 3 cng
ni, trng 4 to sng, en 5 h
khng ch qun trng bn ngoi,
th en rt dy.
4
5
3
2
1
Hnh bn: Trng nhp vo, en
ng i nh th no?
54
Hnh bn: en 1 chc, ngh rng gi
chc t gc, trng 2 vui v ko ln,
en b chia thnh 2 na, li khng
th cng trng na, trong gc vn
c im A trng nh n im
tam tam. en tht bi.
2
1
Hnh bn: en 1 l tt nhin
(trong phm vi bin v gc t mt
qun st pha trn qun i phng
gi l ) tip theo n trng 4,
tuy c trng sng c, nhng th
en rt dy.
4
1
2
3
Hnh bn: Trng nhp mt qun
vo t en, en i ph th no?
Hnh bn: en 1 trn, cng kch
qun trng, trng 2 bay xa chy
thot, en cng kch v hiu. en
mun cng kch trng l ng,
nhng chn la phng n cng
kch khng tho ng, v th chng
lm g ni qun trng.
2
1
Hnh bn: en 1 m vai ( bin v
gc, t 1 qun chch gc cho
hnh vung so vi qun i phng
sn c gi l m vai), trng 2
ko di, en 3 b u, trng vo
hon cnh kh khn.
1 2
3
Hnh bn: Trng chc, en ng
ph ra sao?
Hnh bn: en 1 ng, trng 2
xuyn qua, en tht bi. en b
trng chi lm 2 na, khng nhng
chng cch g cng trng li gp
phi s cng kch ca qun trng.
1
2
Hnh bn: en 1 chn li tt nhin,
tuyt khng th cho trng xuyn
qua (kin quyt bo m lin lc
cho qun bn mnh), tip n en 5,
trng tuy c t bn trn nhng
ngoi th ca bn en rt dy, en
tho mn.
5
4
3
2
1
55

2. thc phng th
Khi qun ca bn mnh c v yu km, th l lc i phng nh cng kch, nn kp thi cn
c tnh hung thc t m i cng c bn mnh.
Hnh bn: Qun en c v yu
km, lm sao gia cng?
Hnh bn: en 1 m 2 l chnh xc,
tm thi an nh qun mnh, ng
thi chim c mt s lnh th.
1
Hnh bn: Qun trng 2 bn u rt
ln mnh, en nn an nh bng
cch no?
Hnh bn: en m 2 nh gia cng,
nhng th trng qu ln, sau trng 2
trng, 2 qun en cng kh khn
hn.
2
1
Hnh bn: en 1 nhy l chnh xc,
theo nguyn tc trnh xa th mnh
ca qun ch.
1
Hnh bn: en i trc lm sao
chnh hnh cho tt i vi 3 qun
pha trn?
56
Hnh bn: en 1 ni l cch chnh
xc, to thnh hnh p ng 2 m
3.
1

S mnh yu trong thc tn cng v phng th vi cc nng lc cng st, n qun, sng
cht c tc dng h tr ln nhau. Ch c luyn tp v n qun, luyn tp sng cht mi nng
cao thc cng th, nng cao sc c.


Bi 4: Tnh ton thng bi
Trn th gii hin tn ti 3 cch tnh thng-bi, m thc ra kt qu it khi sai khc nhau.
1. Cch tnh qun kiu Trung Quc: S dng cc gii c trong nc v quc t t chc
ti Trung Quc.
2. Cch tnh mc (giao im trng chim c) Nht Bn: S dng Nht Bn, Hn
Quc...
3. Cch tnh qun ca h ng: y l phng php m qun do ng ng Xng K ngi
i Loan khi xng. (cch ny ni chung khng p dng rng ri)

Cch m mc (mt) theo kiu Nht Bn.
Hnh bn l din bin ca mt vn c gia 2 tay c nghip d.
Ngi i bn trng: Paul Clarke 7kyu
Ngi i bn en: Jim Edward 7kyu
Sau 228 nc c (226 pass) en n c 16 qun, trng n c 7 qun. Nhng qun b n
ny u c ct ring.


101,107=41 104,111=84, 173=170, 190,196=164, 193=187, 200=185

Bc 1: Xc nh r cc qun c cht (cht k thut) trn bn c (en cht 14, trng cht
23_cc qun c du ), sau hai bn nht nhng qun chung vi cc t binh b n
trc (trong khi nh c). Tng cng en cht 21 (7+14) trng cht 39 (16+23).

57


Bc 2: Sau khi nht ra ta c bn c ging nh hnh bn. Tip theo m s giao im trng
c trong lnh th mi bn. S giao im ca en l 95 tr i tng s t binh b mt l 21 cn
74.
S giao im ca Trng l 99 tr i tng s t binh b mt l 39 cn 60, vy t trng l 60.

V en i trc c li hn nn ngi ta thng quy c bn trng c b thm 5,5 im, (gi
l komi 5,5) cho kt qu cng bng hn. Vy trng c tnh l chim c 64.5 im
(59+5,5)
So s im 2 bn chim c vi nhau, trng km 8,5 im.
Kt lun: en thng 8,5 im.



58
Ghi ch: Trn y l cch gii thch bn cht vn . thun tin v r rng cho vic m
im, ngi ta thng lp cc qun b cht nht ra vo vng t cng mu (en cht lp
vo t en, trng cht lp vo t trng)-gi l chn. Sau xp li v tr cc trng thnh
cc ch nht trn chc, phn l ring. Cui cng, cng tng s l c kt qu ngay khng
cn m nhm nh va trnh by trn. C th xem hnh bn: Cc qun l qun b cht chn
vo. Ta thy en c (gc di 60 + bn tri 10 + bn trn 4)=74, trng c (gc trn tri 20 +
gc trn phi10+ trung tm 30 + im b 5,5)=65,5. Kt qu vn chnh xc en thng 8,5
im.

Trn y l cch m mc Nht bn, cch tnh ny c s dng ph bin ti cc cuc thi u
c vy trn th gii, trong c Gii c vy nghip d th gii t chc hng nm Nht bn
m Vit Nam c c tham d.





Bi tp tng hp 3
1.

2.

59
3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

60
Gii bi tp tng hp 3
1.
1
3
2

2.
1

3.
2
3
1
4
5

4.
4 2
1
5
3

5.
1
3
2

6.
2
1
3

7.
2
1
3

8.
1

9.
1

10.
1

61
11.
4
2 3
1
5

12.
1




62
Chng 5: Phng php cng st c bn

Chng ti ging qua mt s cch bt qun c bn. nng cao sc chin u cng st,
chng ny ging v 7 cch cng st c bn.


Bi 1: Khot

Khi c hai qun i phng ng
cch nhau 1 ng, ta t mt qun
vo gia hai qun y th gi l
Khot. Nh hnh bn, cc qun
en 1 u gi l khot.
Trong c Vy, khot l mt k
thut quan trng, c th dng n
rt nhiu, t n qun, sng cht,
cng st u xut hin khng t. Bi
ny ch ging v tc dng ca khot
trong n qun, trong sng cht.
1 1

1. Tc dng ca khot trong n qun
Hnh bn: en lm sao n c 3
qun trng, cu thot 3 qun en?
Hnh bn: en 1 khot l nc quan
trng, trng 2 nh, en khng ni
m i en 3 nh li, sau khi trng
4 n, en 5 li nh, qun trng b
git. Hnh c n qun nh th gi l
tip khng v, thng gi l ra
khng th u.
4
5
1 2
3
Hnh bn: en lm th no cu
thot 2 qun en trn gc? Nu en
ch n gin i im A, trng ni
v B th en chng cn g nh
tip.
63
Hnh bn: en 1 khot chnh xc,
trng 2 ch c cch nh bt hng
1, en 3 ni ng thi nh bt 2
qun trng, v sau trng c , n
en 9 n c ton b qun trng.
9
6 5 2
1
3
4 7
8=5
Hnh bn: 2 bn i st, en i
trng, liu ai n c ai?
Hnh bn: en 1 chn kh, trng 2
ni, en 3 cng ni, lc ny 2 bn
u c 3 kh trng i trc, en b
n.
3
2
1
4
Hnh bn: en 1 khot, trng 2
nh, e 3 ni, trng 4 ch c ni,
by gi tuy mi bn ch c 3 kh
nhng n lt en i chn kh
trng, v vy en n trng.
3
1
2
5
4

2. Tc dng ca khot trong c sng cht
Hnh bn: en lm sao git trng?
Hnh bn: en 1 khot nh trng
im yu, trng 2 nh1 qun en,
en cng bt en 3 trng 4 ch c
n, en 5 nh ph mt, en git
trng thnh cng.
3
4
1
2 5
64
Hnh bn: Qun en c th sng
khng?
h b: en 1 khot, trng 2 nh, en
3 c th v ngc n 2 qun trng,
thnh c sng.
2
1
3


Bi 2: Kp

Qun en v trng ng st nhau,
t mt qun pha bn kia ca i
phng gi l kp. Trong hnh bn,
en 1 u l kp. kp cng ging
nh khot, l cch cng st quan
trng.
1
1

1. Tc dng ca kp trong n qun
Hnh bn: en lm th no n 2
qun trng cu thot 2 qun en?
Hnh bn: en 1 kp l i ng, nh
th th qun trng khng th trn
thot. Nu en 1 gin n i A,
trng i 1 ni ngay v nh.
1
A
Hnh bn: en lm th no n 2
qun trng cu thot 3 qun en?
65
Hnh bn: en 1 kp, hay! Lc ny
hai qun trng khng th chy
thot, trng 2 chn kh, en 3 nh
bt, en thng.
3
1
2
Hnh bn: n lt en i, n n ai
by gi?
Hnh bn: en 1 bt sng 1 qun
trng, trng 2 nh li, en 3 n,
trng 4 chn kh, kt qu en tht
bi.
3
1 2
4
Hnh bn: en 1 kp l nc hay,
nh trng im yu ca c trng,
trng 2 ni, en 3 (ni qun
mnh v qua di chn qun ch
trn bin gi l ), nh vy en
git trng v nhanh hn 1 bc.
2 1
3

2. Tc dng ca kp trong c sng cht
Hnh bn: en i trc c th to
sng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 ko di, trng 2
chn li, en 3 ng thnh thng 3,
trng im mt, en to sng tht
bi.
2
3
1
4
66
Hnh bn: en 1 kp l nc hay,
trng 2 h, en 3 nh v sau ng
xung en 5 thnh ra hnh thng 4
l c sng.
2
4
5
1 3
Hnh bn: qun trng bao vy t
trong gc, en c th git trng
khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 b, trng 2 h, en
3 li ko di vo, trng 4 ng,
thnh hnh gy 4 l hnh sng.
4
2 3
1
Hnh bn: en 1 kp l nc quan
trng u tin, trng 2 ch c th
ni, en 3 , trng khng th to
2 mt.
2 1
3


Bi 3:ng

ng cng l mt cch nh quan trng trong giai on trung bn, c th s dng c o
trong c i st v c sng cht. Ch l ng trn hng mt nhng nu bit dng kho th
tc dng khng nh.

1. Tc dng ca ng trong i st
Hnh bn: en i trc, ai nhiu kh
hn?
Hnh bn: en 1 chn kh, trng 2
lp tc nh, en khng cn cch
g.
2
1
67
Hnh bn: en 1 ng, chun b n
3 qun trng bng v ngc.,
trng 2 ch c ni, lc ny en t
c mc ch ko di kh, li chn
kh bng en 3 c th git trng.
2 1
3
Hnh bn: en i trc, ai thng?
Hnh bn: en 1 ni v mt qun,tr
2 nh bt khng v kp, ch c th
nh bt vi en 3, trng 4 n kt
qu l trng git en.
4 1
2
3
Hnh bn: en 1 ng l nc hay,
v sau n en 5 th en git trng.
2 1
4
3
5
Hnh bn: Trng 1 khot, en lm
sao i ph?
Hnh bn: en 1 nh bt, trng 2
v l rt nguy him, v sau n
trng 6, en b trng n gn.
6
3 2 1
4
5=2
Hnh bn: en 1 ng l nc cc
hay, trng khng th lm g, sau
trng 2 ni, en 3 cng ni l an
ton.
1 3
2
Hnh bn: en i trc c th l g
m c trng trong gc khng?
68
Hnh bn: en 1 v, trng 2 n, en
3 nh bt ri en 5 ng xung,
hai bn qun trng khng th chn
kh qun en, kiu ny gi l Kim
k c lp
1 2
4
5
3

2. Tc dng ca ng trong c sng cht
Hnh bn: en i trc c th to
sng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 nh bt, en 3
ng xung, sau khi trng 4 v, en
thnh hnh thng 3, trng li im
mt, en b git.
3 6 5 4 1
2
Hnh bn: en 1 v, 3 ng l chnh
xc, chun b n hai qun trng
gc bng ni khng v, trng 4 ni,
en 5 ng xung thnh hnh thng
4 l c sng.
5 3 2
1
4
Hnh bn: en c th git trng
khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 nh bt, trng 2
n, en 3 b, trng 4 to mt c
trng sng.
1 2 4
3
Hnh bn: en 1 ng l cch chnh
xc, trng 2 nh n, en 3 nh n,
khi trng n 3 qun en xong thnh
hnh thng 3, en im mt th git
trng thnh cng.
4 1 2
3
5=

69
Bi 4: im

i mt qun c trong t i phng gi l im
Hnh bn: Qun en 1 gi l im
1
Hnh bn: en 1 im chun b ni
v gi l im xuyn. Trong i
st, sng cht, bt qun,... phng
php im u c tc dng rt
ln.
1
Hnh bn: en c th git trng
khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 im mt, trng 2
ni, en 3 chy v, trng 4 v, 6
nh bt, en b n ni khng v,
en khng git ni trng.
3 4
5
1
2
6
Hnh bn: en 1 im l cch tn
cng hay dng. cn gi l . Trng 2
chn xung, en 3 chc ct, c
trngb git. Trng 2 nu ni im
3, th en ni v, trng cng b cht.
2 1
3
Hnh bn: Trn gc, c en
khng c cch g to sng, c cch
g sng li khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 im, nh trng
ch him, trng 2 ni v, en 3 n
hai qun trng lp tc thnh sng.
1
2
3
70
Hnh bn: en lm th no cng st
m qun tr?
Hnh bn: en 1 im vo hng 2
cng kch nhc im c trng,
trng 2 ni, en 3 ko di ni v,
trng 4 chn gi gc, en 5 chn
u, gc trng khng th to sng,
en cng st thnh cng.
2
5
4
1
3

Bi 5: Kho bay, kho mm

Trcy chng ta bit qua v kho v kho ln, bi ny xin ni thm v kho bay v kho
mm.

1. Bay kho.
Dng nc bay kha bt qun ch th gi l kho bay. Khi dng kho v kho ln m
khng bt ni qun ch, chng ta cn ngh xem c th dng cch khc bt ch khng? v
d dng kho bay.

Hnh bn: en lm sao n c 3
qun tr?
Hnh bn: en 1 kho, trng 2 m,
en 3 chn, trng 4 nh bt, tip
n trng 10, qun trng chy
thot.
10
9
8
1
6
2
3
7
4
5
Hnh bn: en 1 bay kho l cch
chnh xc, trng 2, 4 chay ra ngoi,
kt qu cng giy cng cht, cui
cung b en n.
4
3
6
2
5
1
7
71
Hnh bn: en c th n 3 qun
trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 bay cng c th
bt trng, n en 7, trng kiu g
cng khng th cht thot.
5
4
1 2
3
7
6

2. Kho mm (cng gi l gng, tc gi l tin pht v in)
Hnh bn: Trng ct, en lm sao
ng ph?
Hnh bn: en 1 kho mm, trng 2
ko di, en 3 b, trng li ko di,
en 5 a trng vo hnh b n ti
ca.
5
3
4
2
1
Hnh bn: Trng ct, nu en m
nh th bn trng u chy thot,
en cht c, nn lm sao?
Hnh bn: en 1 kho mm, trng 2
chy, en 3 b, n trng 10 li
thnh trng git en!(?)
9
7
5
3
8
6
4
2
1
10
72
Hnh bn: en 1 kho mm l ng
ri, tip theo trng 2 ko di, en 3
b khng sai, ch c n trng 6 ko
di, en cn b en 7, nh th,
en thm 1 kh, v sau n en 13
n gn qun trng.
11
9
10
8
5
3
7
6
4
2
1 13
12
Hnh bn: en dng kho mm hay
kho bay u khng n c trng,
vy phi lm cch no?
Hnh bn: en bt trc mt nc,
khi trng 2 ko ra, en 3 li kh
mm, c th n gn qun trng.
1
3
2
4
5

Bi 6: Ln nh

Th no gi l ln nh? Mi xem hnh sau.
Hnh bn: en 1 nh, trng 2 ko
ra ng thi nh li qun en, en
khng chy m tip tc nh n n
ti ca i vi qun trng, khin
trng phi n qun en, t gii
thot, cui cng, qun trng b ng
c thnh mt khi. Kiu nh ca
cc nc 1, 3, 5 gi l ln nh.
Bn thn ln nh tuy khng phi
cch nh bt qun, nhng c
th khin qun i phng cm
thnh 1 khi c, chun b s
dng cc cch cng st khc.
1
4
2
3
5
6=1
73
Hnh bn: Qun trng va nh
qun en, en i th no by gi?
Hnh bn: en 1 ln nh, trng 2
n, en 3 li nh, trng 4 ni thnh
mt cc, tip theo en 5 li nh,
thnh vn u d m trng.
9 8 6
7
2
5
1
3
4=
Hnh bn: en lm sao n c
qun trng t cu 3 qun ?
hnh bn:en 1 khot, trng 2 nh,
en 3 ln nh, n en 19 n ht
qun trng.
19
5
18
2
3
12
16
17
1
7
15
4
8
10
11
13
9
6=1, 14=7
74
Hnh bn: C th cu hai qun en
ben trn khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 h, trng 2 ko
di, en 3 b, trng 4 nh, en 5
ni, trng 6 nh, trng chy thot,
hai qun en vn cht, qun en i
sai nc no?
6 3
4
2
1
5
Hnh bn: khi trng 4 nh n, en 5
ln nh t hng 1 l chnh xc, en
13 en n gn qun trng.
9
11
3
4
10
12
13
5
2
1
6
7
8=1
Hnh bn: en i trng liu c
cu c hai qun trong gc
khng? bi ny dng ring
tip khng v khng c, dng
ring ln nh cng khng ng,
cui cng c cch g khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 khot, trng 2
nh, en 3, 5 v lin 2 nc,
cui cng n en 19, a trng
vo th vn u d.
15
17
13
11
16
18
19
6
2
1
12
5 3 4 9 7
8=3, 10=5, 14=1


Bi 7: Lt ngc ng

Th no gi l lt ngc ng?
Hnh bn: 3 qun en b trng bt,
lin c th thm 1 qun cho trng
n, trng 2 n thnh hnh di.
2
1
75
Hnh bn: en 1 bt n v 3 qun
trng, kiu chin thut th cho i
phng n vi qun (t nht 3, 4
qun) sau n li vi qun ca i
phng y gi l lt ngc ng,
lt ngc ng ch yu d trong c
sng cht, bin ha kh phc tp.
V th, phi nm vng cc cch n
qun lkhc mi c th hc tp bin
ha ca lt ngc ng, lt ngc
ng tuy kh nhng li rt th v,
nu bn c th dng lt ngc ng
trong thc t chin u, khi hn
rt vui thch khi t ci cht tr v.
1
Hnh bn: C en lm th no to
sng?
Hnh bn: en 1 l cch chng
ngoan cng, trng 2 im mt tt
nhin, n en 3 to mt, trng 4
v, en 5 n, trng 6 li v vo v
tri trng 4, lc y en 7 ni l chnh
xc, sau khi trng 8 n 4 qun en
hnh thnh hnh dng nh hnh sau.
1 5 2
4
3
7
6=4, 8=2
Hnh bn: en 1 kho lo to thnh
tri thi ca lt ngc ng by
gi en n 2 qun trng d dng to
sng.
1


Bi tp tng hp 4
1.

2.

3.

4.

76
5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.


p n
1.
7
3
4
1
2
6 5

2.
7 2
3
6
5
1
4
9

8=3
77
3.
3
1
2

4.
5
4
2
7
6
3
1

5.
5 7 1
2
4
3 6

6.
1
3
2
5
4

7..
3
2
4
5
1

8.
5 2
6
1
3
4
7

9.
4
1
2
5
3
7
6=1
10.
13
9
4
8
11
1
7
2
3
10
15
5
12

6=1, 14=3
11.
11
10
2
6
5
1
7
8
4
9
3

12.
3 5 6
1
4
2

7=


78
Chng 6: Hnh sng cht c bn
Trc y chng ti trnh by v cc kin thc c bn v c sng cht, theo trnh c
tin b ca cc bn, xin trnh by tip v cc hnh sng cht c bn.
Hnh bn: en i trc c th git
trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 v 3 b thu nh a
bn ca bn trng, trng 2, 4 chn
xung xong thnh hnh mnt thng
3, tip theo en 5 li im mt, c
trng b git. V vy c cu ni l:
by qun: b hai u, im mt ci
l cht
1 2 5 4 3
Hnh bn: Trng c tm qun trn
hng 2, en i trc, c th git
trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1, 3 theo 2 u b
vo, trng 2, 4 chn li, trng vy
bn trong hnh thng 4, V vy, tm
qun ng hng 2 l c sng.
Tng hp vi v d trc, ngi ta
c cu: by cht, tm sng.
1 2 4 3
Hnh bn: qun trng vy bn trong
hnh vung c 6 im, en c th
git trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 im mt, trng 2
m gi, en 3 ko di, trng 4 to
mt, trng sng. en 3 nu t v
tr qun trng 4 ph mt, trng 4 i
v tr qun en 3 cng l c sng,
v vy vung 4 kl c sng.
4
2
1 3
Hnh bn: y cng l hnh vung
6, en i trc c th git trng
khng?
79
Hnh bn: en 1 im mt, trng 2
m, en 3 ko di ph mt, lc ny
trng khng th i A to mt
c, v vy, trng b git. Tuy hnh
c trng y cng l vung 6,
nhng v tr qun khng ni lin,
gi l hnh vung 6 khim khuyt
l c cht.
3
2
1 A
Hnh vung 6 gia bn hay bin u ging nhau, nhng nu gc th s pht sinh bin
ha, bin ha ny c quan h trc tip n s lng kh ca m qun.
Hnh bn: en i trc c th git
trng khng?

Hnh bn: en 1 im mt, trng 2
kp, en 3 ko di, khi y trng
khng th i im A to mt nn
trng b git cht.
A
2
1 3
Hnh bn: C trng ch c 1 kh, en
c th git trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 im, trng 2 kp,
en 3 ko di, v trng c 1 kh
ngoi nn c th i trng 4 to mt,
thnh c sng.
4
2
1 3
Hnh bn: Trong tnh hung ny,
en im mt en 1 l chnh xc,
trng 2 chn, en 3 ko, trng 4 v
cui cng to thnh cp.
3 1
2
4
5
Hnh bn: c trng c 2 kh ngoi,
en c th git trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 im, trng 2 chn
u, en 3 ko, trng 4 v, khi en
5 n, li dng c 2 kh bn ngoi,
trng c th i trng 6 bt, en
khng th ni (hnh ny gi l: tru
cht trng), trng n 3 qun
thnh hnh c hai mt, sng.
3
6
1
2
4
5
Tm li, trn hng hai by cht tm sng; bin v gia bn, hnh vung 6 hon chnh l c
sng, hnh vung 6 khim khuyt m khng c kh ngoi l c cht; trong gc, hnh vung 6
khng c kh ngoi l c cht, c 1 kh ngoi l c th cp sng, c 2 kh ngoi l c sng.
80



81
Chng 7: Lin lc v chia ct
Lin lc v chia ct l ni dung rt quan trng ca c Vy. Lin lc (ni c) l bin php
phng th trng yu, chia ct l bin php tn cng git ch trng yu. C cu ni: "C t
chia ct m ra", hay cu ni: "C khng b ct, vic chng b lon". Nu vn dng chin thut
chia ct v lin lc mt cch kho lo chnh xc, c th khin bn mnh t ci cht sng li,
ming h vt qua, li c th xut k bt tiu dit qun ch. Cc phng php chia ct v
lin lc th c rt nhiu, cn c vo mi loi hnh c li c mt phng php ring. Chng
ny chng ti ch xin trnh by mt s phng php hay gp.


Bi 1: Lin lc

Lin lc l mt loi phng php phng th, qun c ni lin thnh mt m khin i phng
khng th bt c.

a. Phng php b sung ch b ct (cn gi l bo v ct):
1. Ni
Hnh bn: en 1 ni trc tip, l
cch ni chc chn nht.
1

2. i
Hnh bn: i l phng php ni
lin th nht, bi v hai im A,B
en chc chn s chim c mt,
en c th gi lin lc.
1
A B
Hnh bn: Trng ko di do ct,
en nn i ch no?

Hnh bn: en 1 ni "i" l cch
chnh xc, nh th va bm m
lin lc va t m rng t trong
gc.
1


3. H
82
Hnh bn: en 1 h l cch i chnh
xc, nh vy va m bo lin lc,
li vy ct t gc, rt cht ch.
1
Hnh bn: en nn i nh th no?
Hnh bn: en 1 h l cch i chnh
xc, va ni tt cc qun, li to
c "hnh mt".
1

4. Bay
Hnh bn: en nn lm th no, b
sung im ct A?
A
Hnh bn: en 1 bay l cch i
chnh xc, va bo v ch ct, li
chim t gc, nht c lng tin.
1

83
5. H
Hnh bn: en ni ct th no?
Hnh bn: en 1 nhy l chnh xc
nh vy va bo v ct, li chia ct
c trng.
1

b. Phng php ni c (lin lc):
1. Chc qua
Hnh bn: en lm sao cu v 2
qun bn trn?
Hnh bn: en 1 ko di, trng 2 b,
en ch c th ni en 3, trng 4
cng ni, hai qun en vn b n.
2
4
1
3
Hnh bn: en 1 chc l phng
php lin lc chnh xc, trng 2
m, en 3 "" (qua), trng 4 n 2
qun en, en c th i en 5
n li mt qun trng, en lin lc
thnh cng.
1
3
2
4
Hnh bn: en li c th ni v 2
qun khng?
84
Hnh bn: en 1 bay trn hng 1,
trng 2 dng (dng nc bay hoc
nhy chn mt qun mnh vo
qun i phng theo hng xut
pht ca ch nh th gi l "vt"),
en 3 nh, trng 4 bt li, en
khng ni v c.
2
3
1 4
Hnh bn: en 1 chc l phng
php lin lc thng gp, tip theo
trng 2 m, en 3 lun, en c th
tr v.
2
3
1 4
2. Kp qua
Hnh bn: en c th cu v 2 qun
en khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 m, trng 2 chn,
en 3 do bt, trng 4 do bt li,
tip theo n trng 6, hai qun en
vn b n.
6
4 3
2
5
1
Hnh bn: en 1 kp l la chn
thch hp, trng 2 ni, en 3 lun, 2
qun en bnh an thot him.
1
3
2

85
3. Bay qua
Hnh bn: en lm sao cu v
2qun en trong t trng?
Hnh bn: en 1 bt, trng 2 bt li,
en 3 n, trng 4 ng xung, 2
qun en vn b n.
4
2 1
3
Hnh bn: en 1 bay l cch i
chnh xc, trng 2 ni, en 3 ni c
th cu v 2 qun.
1
2
3
Hnh bn: en c th ni lin hai
m khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 b, trng 2 m, v
sau n trng 6, en khng nhng
chng ni c li b n mt hai
qun c.
5
4
1
3
2
6
Hnh bn: en 1 bay l l th php
lin lc thng dng, trng 2 m
en 3 li, en bo m lin lc.
3 1
2
86
4. Nhy qua
Hnh bn: en nn tuyn chn
phng php no c th cu
thot ba qun trong t ch?
Hnh bn: en 1 nhy, trng 2 m,
en 3 lun, tip theo n en 7, en
lin lc tt.
7
5
6
1
4
3
2
Hnh bn: C en cch nhau hi xa,
c th ni v khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 nhy hng 1, lp
tc c th ni v, sau ny trng 2, 4
u khng th chia ct c en.
1 3
2
5
4

5. Da qua
Hnh bn: en li c th cu v 3
qun khng? Nu m A mt
cch n gin, trng chn B, en
cng khng c cch g.
B A
Hnh bn: en 1 da (i 1 qun
di 2 qun ng cho nhau ca
i phng nh th cng gi l
"da"), trng 2 bt, en 3 ng
xung, trng khng th, m vo v
tr im en 5 bt qun en, ch
nh nhn en ko v.
2
3
1
5
4

6. Nng qua
Hnh bn: en lm sao ni v, my
qun en bin trn?
87
Hnh bn: en 1 nng (trong phm
vi gc, i 1 qun di qun i
phng gi l nng), l cch ni v
thng dng, tip theo n en 7,
en khng nhng ni v, li n c
4 qun c trng.
2
3
6
1
5
4
7

7. Kho ni
Hnh bn: Trng phc cnh my
qun en. Nu en ni a, trng i
B ct, en ni B, trng i A ct,
en c cch g khc khng?
B A
Hnh bn: en 1 khot l khc tinh
ca trng , trng 2 bt, en 3 bt
li qun trng , trng 4 n, en 5
tha c ni v, kho lo cu thot
cc qun b nguy him.
5
4 1
3
2

Bi 2: Chia ct

Chia ct l mt loi phng php tn cng. Ch c nm vng phng php chia ct mi c th
xo diu tiu dit qun ch.

1. B ct
Hnh bn: en c th chia ct c
trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 b xung l cch i
chnh xc, nu trng ct A, en c
th n 3 qun trng. v th trng ch
c th i trng 2, lc ny, en 3 b
l mt nc quan trng phi thng,
trng vn khng th i A, en
chia ct trng thnh cng.
4 3
2
5
1
A
2. Chc ct
Hnh bn: en c th chia ct c
trng khng?
88
Hnh bn: en 1 n gin m,
trng 2 chn li, en ht cch.
1 2
Hnh bn: en 1 chc thng minh,
nh vy pht sinh hai im ct, c
trng khng th lng ton,
3
2
1

3. Khot ct
Hnh bn: en lm sao ct ri 3
qun trng bin trn?
Hnh bn: en 1 khoet l phng
php chia ct thng dng, trng 2
bt, en 3 ko di, nh vy cng
pht sinh hai im ct, en chia ct
thnh cng.
5
2
4
1 3

4. Dng ct
Hnh bn: Trng bay qua, lc ny
en c th chia ct c trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1, 3 m, trng 2, 4
chn, en khng th chia ct c
trng.
2
1
4
3
89
Hnh bn: en 1 dng cm dng
ct, nh trng im yu ca c
trng, lc ny en 3 li dng l th
php quan trng, lp tc c th chia
ct c trng.
4 1
2
3
5

Hnh bn: en c th n c qun
trng no khng?
Hnh bn: en 1, 3 m ct tt
nhin, tip theo en 5 bt li lp tc
n c 2 qun trng, nu mun n
mt qun bn ngoi, sau khi en 1
m, en 3 c th ct en 5.
4
6
3 2
1
5 7
Hnh bn: Trng bay ,
qun en bn phi, nu en khng
chu nh vy, lm th no n phn
kch?
Hnh bn: en 1, 3 m ct l th
on phn kch mnh m, tip theo
s tin hnh chin u kch lit vi
qun trng.
2
3
1

6. Quay ct
Hnh bn: en lm sao ngh cch
t ph phng tuyn ca qun
trng?
Hnh bn: en 1 dng, 3 quay ct,
l th on ch ngtin cng,
trng 4 ct n, en 5 bt li lp tc
t ph phong tuyn ca bn trng,
xm nhp t trng. Trng 4 nu bt
7, th en s A bt li, cng c
th t ph t trng.
4
A
6
3 2
1
5
7
Chng ny ch ging mt s cch chia ct v lin lc thng gp, trong thc chin chng ta
cn cn c tnh hung thc t m vn dng mi c th nh c gii.


90
Chng 8: Th qun
Khi quyt nh b i mt qun hay vi qun, thm ch ch ng tng cho i phng n qun
mnh th gi l th qun.
Trong c Vy, chin thut th qun i th chia thnh hai loi: 1 l "th qun t nhin" tc ch
ng b i mt vi qun t tc dng, khng lin quan n i cc. 2 l "th qun chin thut",
l chin thut quan trng trong vn c, ch ng, thc bt i phng n qun.


Bi 1: Th qun t nhin

Trong qu trnh nh c, qun c no cng c gi tr quan trng, nhng lm sao phn r ch
th, nng nh, gp hon, u cn bit c b c ly.
Hnh bn: Trng ct, en khng
th lng ton, lm sao by gi?
Hnh bn: V gi tr ca 4 qun ln
hn so vi mt qun bin trn,
nn bn en quyt nh b mt qun
pha trn. en 1 bt, 3 h th
"u" ra ngoi.
2
1
3
Hnh bn: Trng ct, en x l
nh th no?
Hnh bn: en 1 bt, 3, 5 ko di,
u tin chy thot m c ln quan
trng, n khi c c hi li tm cch
cu thot hai qun b i bn
tri.
2
4
1
3
5
Hnh bn: Trng ct, en x l
nh th no?
91
Hnh bn: en bt t di hng hai,
lin tc ko di 6 qun, tuy l c
sng, nhng b trng hng ba l
th rt ln, 3 qun en pha ngoi
cc k c n khng c qun phi
hp, en bt li. Trong c Vy c
cu ni l: By qun b trn bin,
du sng cng thua.
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Hnh bn: en 1 bt, ch ng th 2
qun l chnh xc. Tuy l mt 2
qun, nhng tranh c tin th, m
ngoi th kh dy, en c li.
3
1
2
4


Bi 2: Chin thut th qun

Chin thut th qun vn dng trong c Vy cc k rng ri, nhiu nh thc, sng cht, i
st, u li dng chin thut th qun.

1. Th qun tranh tin (nc trc)
Hnh bn: Trng ct, by gi en
lm th no?
Hnh bn: en 1 bt, 3 ni l cch
i thng gp, khi trng 4 n qun
en, en c th tranh tin th i
chim ni quan trng khc.
1
3
2 4
Hnh bn: Nu qun en ng
xung A th trng c th i B
chy thot, en i B th trng i A,
en lm sao by gi?
B
A
Hnh bn: en 1 ct l cch i chnh
xc, trng 2 bt, en tin th
ngn trng ni v, li i en 3 tm
gn m trng, nu trng 4 b, en
5 bt, 7 li, vn c th n 4 qun
trng.
3
4 7 5 2
1 6
2. Th qun dit ch
92
Hnh bn: en i trc c th cu
thot hai qun en trong t ch?
Hnh bn: en 1, 3 m ct tt
nhin, khi trng 4 bt, en 5 ng
xung, c cho trng n hai qun l
phng php th qun thng dng.
Tip theo n trng 8 n hai qun
en hnh thnh hnh v bn di.
6
1
5
3
2
8
4
7
Hnh bn: Tip theo n en 5, en
git trng, hnh c ny gi l "Qu
to u"
5
2
1
4
3
Hnh bn: en i trc kt qu th
no?
Hnh bn: en 1, 3 m ct, sau li
5 nh trng im yu ca qun
trng. n en 15, en nhanh hn
trng 1 bc thng.
15
13
6
4
7
11
5
3
2
8
1
14
9=3, 10=5, 12=3

3. Th qun to sng
Hnh bn: Trng chc ct, en
lm sao ng chin.
93
Hnh bn: en 1 ni, trng 2 ko
di, en 3 ni, trng 4 b vo gc,
en lp tc b git.
2
1
3
4
Hnh bn: en 1 vt, th cho trng
n 1 qun, dng qun th khng
ch qun trng, en tha c to
sng.
4
6
1
2 3
5 7
Hnh bn: en lm sao to sng?
Hnh bn: en 1 bt, trng 2 n, en
3 bt, lc ny trng c th i trng 4
bt, to thnh "cp" sng. en
cha t mc ch.
5
3
4
1 2
Hnh bn: en 1 ng xung th
thm qun l nc c hay, trng 2
ch c th chn xung, sau li i en
3 ng xung th tip l cc hay,
n en 9, en to ngon hai mt.
9 7
5
4
2
3
1
8
6

4. Th qun ginh th
Hnh bn: en i trc lm sao x
l tt vn trong gc?
Hnh bn: en 1 ng xung, th
thm cho trng n mt qun na l
cch i chnh xc, trng 2 chn, tip
theo n trng 9 h tm dng, en
th hai qun gi c ngoi th.
9
5
7 6
8
1
3
2
4
94
Hnh bn: Trng ct, en c cch
no khng?
Hnh bn: en 1, 3 bt, trng 2, 4
ko di, c trng chim gn thc
a bin trn, en tn tht nng.
6 4
5
2
3 1
Hnh bn: en 1 bt, 3 kho mm,
tip theo n en 11, en th 2
qun, nhng thu c ngoi th cc
ln, li p o qun trng , en c
li.
7
5
11
6
4
3
8
2
9
10
1

5. Th qun chuyn i
Trong thc t chin u, nu ta
mt mt bn, m c mt bn
khc th gi l chuyn i.
Hnh bn: Trng bt, en nn i
th no?
Hnh bn: en 1 ni, trng 2 b, kt
qu en tht bi.
6
5 3
4
1
2
Hnh bn: en 1 ct l cch i chnh
xc, trng 2 n, en 3 ko di, tip
theo n en 7, mi ngi c
mt hng.
Chin thut th qun ng dng rt
nhiu trong thc t, sau khi nm
vng cc phng php c bn cn
linh hot vn dng.
7
1
5 3
4
2
6

95
Chng 9: St kh


Bi 1: Nhn thc c bn v st kh

1. Kh chung, kh ngoi, kh trong
a. Kh chung.
Hnh bn: Cc v tr x va l kh ca
bn trng, cng l kh ca qun en,
l kh chung ca c hai bn, v th
gi l kh chung.
x
x
b. Kh ngoi. Kh bn ngoi ca mi
bn gi l kh ngoi,
Hnh bn:
c. Kh trong: l kh v tr bn trong
ca hnh c.
Kh nm bn trong ca bn thn
hnh c mi bn gi l kh trong,
nh hnh trn, qun trng n 3 qun
en, n xong 3 qun y, trng c 3
kh, v vy gi l c trng c 3 kh
trong, en ch c 2 kh trong.
Hnh bn: tnh th xem mi bn c
my kh?
p n: C trng c 3 kh ngoi, 2 kh trong, en c 3 kh trong, 2 kh ngoi, hai bn u c 1
kh chung.

2. Bn c mt git bn khng c mt - nhn st
Trong i st, v bn ny c mt m git c bn kia khng c mt gi l nhn st (c mt
git).
Hnh bn: en i trc, ai thng
trong i st?
Hnh bn: en 1 to mt l mt
nc quan trng, sau khi 2 bn xit
kh, kt qu l trng khng th i
A xit en, m en c th i B
git trng. C th thy rng tc
dng ca mt trong qu trnh xit
kh rt to ln. Vy c nht nh l
bn c mt lun thng khng? Cng
khng nht nh.
4
2
5
1
3
A
B

3. Nhiu kh git t kh.
Do bn khng c mt m nhiu kh c th git bn c mt, gi l nhiu kh git t kh.
96
Hnh bn: Bn trng c mt mt,
hai bn c hai kh chung, en i
trc, ai thng?
Hnh bn: V en c nhiu kh ngoi
(cng gi l ngoi kh) nn dm xit
vo cc kh chung, n en 7 l en
nhanh hn 1 bc git trng.
4
2
5
3
6
1
7=

4. Mt to git mt b.
Mt to hay nh tt nhin s c tc dng khc nhau, mt to c nhiu kh trong, mt nh c t
kh trong.
Hnh bn: Hai bn u c kh
ngoi,khi chung v kh trong, nhng
trong hnh mt ca qun trng ch
c 1 kh, hnh mt ca qun en l
hnh gy ba, en i trc cui cng
ai thng?
Hnh bn: Chng ta cng xem st
kh, n en 3 th hai bn u khng
th i vo xit kh chung cn li.
2
1
3
Hnh bn: en 1 n, trng 2 im
mt, by gi en c th i 3 bt
qun trng, hnh thnh tnh hung
c en mt to git c trng mt b.
1 3
2=
Hnh bn: bi ny c l hi kh
i vi chng ta, bn no nhu kh,
bn no t kh cng kh tnh r.
c th nhanh chng tnh c s kh
ca mt to, chng ta nn dng cu
yu quyt sau: 3-3, 4-5, 5-8,
6-12.Cu ny ngha nh th no? 3-3 ngha l hnh gy 3, thng 3 c 3 kh. 4-5 ngha l
hnh inh 4, vung 4 c 5 kh, 5-8 ngha l hnh con dao 5 hnh hoa mai 5 c 8 kh, 6-12
ngha l hnh hoa su c 12 kh. Nh k cu yu quyt ny, chng ta c th nhanh chng tnh
ra ss kh ca mi bn. Bn en; kh ngoi 1, kh trong hoa 6 l 12, kh chung 1, tng cng
14. Bn trng: kh ngoi 3, kh trong hnh dao nm l 8, kh chung 1 tng 12 (nhng ch : 2
bn i st kh chung li thuc v bn mt to) nn trng ch c tnh l c 11 kh. Vy, i
st en chc thng.


97
Bi 2: Phng php ko di kh bn mnh v phng php xit kh ch

A. Phng php ko di kh
1. To mt
Hnh bn: en i trc c th git
qun trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 n, trng 2 bt, n
trng 6 th thnh cp.
5
3
2 1 4
6=
Hnh bn: en 1 to mt l cch
chnh xc, trng 2 ch c n, en 3
b ph mt, en c mt git(nhn
st) qun trng.
3 2 1
Hnh bn: en i trc, ai thng?
Hnh bn: en 1 trc tip xit kh,
trng 2 bt, tip theo n trng 6,
en b git.
6 4
5
3 2
1
Hnh bn: en 1 khng trc tip
xit kh qun trng m to mt l
nc hay ng lc, nh vy c th
to nn v tr m qun trng cha
th vo xit kh ngay c, en c
thm thi gian xit kh trng,
cui cng nhanh hn trng 1 bc.
Cng l nhn st
6 4 1 3 2
7
5

98
2. To mt ln
Hnh bn: C trng c bao nhiu
kh, en c th git trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 chc l im quan
trng ko di kh. Trng 2 ch c
th im mt, en 3 ng xung to
thnh hnh dao nm, tip theo 2 bn
cng xit kh nhng en nhanh hn
trng 1 bc. Mi bn t kim tra.
3 2
1
5
4
Hnh bn: Trng bin trn c 4
kh, m en trong gc ch c 3 kh,
en c th git trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 trc tip xit kh,
trng 2 cng xit kh, kt qu trng
git en.
1
3
2
4
Hnh bn: en 1 b ln gc l nc
hay, to thnh hnh inh 4 trong
gc, trng 2 bt buc im mt, lc
ny en li xit kh, kt qu git
trng.
3 7
5
1
4 2
6

3. To thnh v tr i phng khng th xit kh
Hnh bn: en i trc ai thng?
99
Hnh bn: en 1 ch n gin l xit
kh, th b trng ni, hin nhin trng
thng.
2
3
4
1
Hnh bn: en 1 v, trng 2 n, en
3 li ct, trng 4 bt,en tin
hnh cng tc chun b lin quay li
xit kh qun trng, do phi mt
nc n qun en 3 trng khng kp
xit kh en, v th en tha c xit
kh git trng.
4
6
3
2 1
7
5 9
8=1

B.Phng php xit kh
1. Thu nh mt ln ca i phng
Hnh bn: en c th git qun
trng khng?
M trc y chng ta bit, nu
trng chm c im A th c
trng lp tc thnh hnh ao nm,
cc nhiu kh trong. vy en nn
lm th no?
A
Hnh bn: en 1 im xuyn vo l
chnh xc, trong c Vy thng gp
tnh hung im quan trng ca i
phng cng l im quan trng
ca bn mnh. Trng 2 ng xung,
en 3 ko di, trng 4, en 5, sau
, trng ch c th to mt mt
nh, en d dng git trng.
5 4
3 1
2
Hnh bn: Khi en 1 im, trng i
2, ch l en khng th ni qun
en v m nht nh phi im tip
en 3, trng phi chn xung, lc
ny mi, ni qun en v git c
trng.
3
2 1
Hnh bn: en i trc, i st ai
thng?
100
Hnh bn: en 1 xit kh, trng 2
ni to thnh hnh li dao nm c
8 kh cng 2 ngoi kh l 10, en ch
c 9 kh, en tht bi.
4
7 6
2
3
5
1
8=
Hnh bn: en 1 p, l yu im
trong i st, nh vy trng ch c
th to thnh vung 4, m en c
mt hnh ao nm, nh vy th
en c th git trng.
1
2

2. Ph mt
Hnh bn: Trng c bao nhiu kh?
en c th git trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 xit kh, trng 2
ni, r rng en t kh.
2
1
Hnh bn: en 1 ct, trng 2 bt,
en 3 ph mt l nc xit kh quan
trng, tip n hnh thnh v tr
trng khng th xit kh trn hng
1, en c th git trng.
7
5
4
6 1
2 3
101
Chng 10: Cp

Trong c Vy, cp l mt loi hnh dng c th, li dng cp l mt loi chin thut rt
quan trng v phc tp. Mt vn c t u ti cui u c th xut hin cp, cp nh
nht ch lin quan n mt qun c, cp ln c th quyt nh thng thua c mt vn c, v
th chng ta cn ch trng hc tp cp.


Bi 1: Cc loi cp

1. Cp n
Cp m trong ch quan h
n s c mt mt qun c, gi
l cp n. Hnh bn: en 1 n
mt qun trng l n cp. Cp
n nh nh vy, hai bn tranh i
tranh li th c gi tr g? Mt vn
c thng bi chnh lch c khi rt
nh, gi l c nh, hn mt
qun c
1 1
th thng c, km mt qun li c th thua, lc ny cp n li thnh ra s kin thng bi
quan trng, khng tranh khng c.

2. Cp sng cht
Cp ln quan h n s cn mt
ca rt nhiu qun hai bn, thng
hoc thua cp lin quan n quyt
nh thng hay thua c vn c, y
gi l cp sng cht. Hnh bn:
en 1 n, cp ny l sinh t cp.
Nu bn en thng cp, khng
nhng t cu bn mnh hai m c,
li n gn c trng; ngc li nu
1
trng thng cp, cu c bn mnh 10 qun c, li n c hai m c en, ai thng cp
ny thng vn c, v th gi l cp sng cht (sinh t cp).

3. Cp khng lo
Cp m i vi mt bn khng c
nh hng, gi l cp khng lo
ca bn . Hnh bn: Cp ny
nu en thng, en n c m
trng, nu en nh khng thng,
ch l m trng t cu mnh, i
vi qun en khng nh hng g.
V th i vi bn en gi l cp
khng lo.
1

4. Cp t (nhanh) kh, cp nhiu (chm) kh
102
Nu sau khi n cp xong l nh
qun ch ngay, cp y gi l cp
t kh; Nu n cp xong li phi i
thm mt hay vi qun mi c th
nh qun i phng, gi l
cp nhiu kh. Hnh bn: en 1 n
cp lp tc nh c trng, gi l
cp t kh.
1
Hnh bn: 1 n cp, trng li c
hai kh, v th i vi trng li l
cp nhiu (chm) kh.
1

5. Cp n trc, cp n sau
Nu khi xy ra cp, bn n qun
cp trc gi l cp n trc,
i phng l cp n sau. Hnh
bn: en 1 n, nh qun trng l
cp n trc, ngc li trng l
cp n sau.
1

Bi 2: Vn dng cp trong chi c

1. Cp sng
Li dng nh cp m tranh th lm sng c gi l cp sng
Hnh bn: Trng va nh, qun
en nu ni A, trng di vo im
B. C en ch c mt mt. Lm th
no by gi?
B
A
Hnh bn: en 1 c cp l cch i
ng, li dng nh cp chim ly
c sng.
1
2
Hnh bn: C en c th sng
khng?
103
Hnh bn: en 1 ni, trng 2 b, c
en cht r.
2
1
Hnh bn: en 1 h l tranh th to
sng, cch i chnh xc. Trng 2
nh, en 3 to cp thnh cp
sng.
1
4 3
2

2. Cp git
Li dng nh cp m git c i phng gi l cp git
Hnh bn: Nu en ni A, th
trng vo B to mt sng. en
c cch no khc khng.
A
B
Hnh bn: en 1 b l cch i mnh
nht, trng 2 nh, en 3 nh
ngc li (phn ) tao cp thnh
ra cp git.
3
2
4 1
Hnh bn: en c git c m
qun trng khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 phc (v) l li
dng nh cp ph mt c trng,
tranh th cp git c trng.
2
1

3. Mn cp chy c ra
Hnh bn: C en c th lm sao
trn thot 2 qun en bin trn
khng?
Hnh bn: en 1 chc l cch chnh
xc, trng s cp ch c ni
trng 2, en 3 ni ngay 2 qun v.
3 1 2
104

4. Hnh gy khc bn gc bn
Hnh bn: y c phi l sng
chung khng? Nu hnh ny ch
khc (gia bn) th l sng chung,
nhng by gi l trn gc, v tr
c bit, v th pht sinh bin ho
nh hnh sau.
Hnh bn: en 1 nh, trng 2 n
thnh hnh di y.
1
2
Hnh bn: en 3 im mt, trng 4
to cp, en 5 n, to thnh cp.
Nhng quyn ch ng to cp
hay khng l do bn en nm gi,
trc khi git trng bng to cp,
en c th i cng c cc v tr
trng c th dng lm ni e do
cp (thut ng l cp ti), cui
cng mi to cp git
3 4
5
trng, khi trng ht ni e do en cp li, ch c ngi nhn en n trng. Do , hnh
gc bn gy 4 l hnh c cht. Trong khi nh c thc s, ch cn c en bn ngoi l c
sng, c trng lc y c coi l cht.
105
Chng 11: Hnh c v cc yu im trong tn cng v phng th


Bi 1: Hnh p v hnh xu

Chng ta chi th thao, khiu v, nh bng u cn ng tc nhp nhng, t th p . Chi
c Vy cng vy, khong cch xa gn gia cc qun cng rt cn nhp nhng nht tr, v vy
chng ta cng rt cn ch trng hnh c.
Th no l hnh p hay xu? Phm l cc qun c phi hp cht ch, nhp nhng thng nht,
qun lc pht huy mnh m, y l hnh p, ngc li l hnh xu. Hnh c p, tin c th
cng, li c th th, khin i phng khng th cng kch; Hnh khng p th tn cng
khng c lc, phng th yu km. Ni c hnh th khng p thng xut hin s h, to
thnh mc tiu tn cng ca i phng.
Hnh bn: Trong hnh c hai
bn, hnh no l p, hnh no
xu?
hnh bn tri, qun hai bn
u phi hp cht ch, mi
qun c u pht huy tc
dng mnh m, v th hai bn
en trng u l hnh p
hnh bn phi, cc qun en pht huy rt mnh l hnh p, cn cc qun trng cm li mt
ng khng pht huy tc dng l hnh xu.

Hnh xu c my loi nh sau:
1. Hnh ngu (hnh ng c)
Hnh bn: qun c en cm thnh
mt m gi l hnh ngu, co cm
nh vy rt nng n, qun lc
khng th pht huy, cm cng nhiu
cng hng.

2. Hnh tan v
Hnh bn: qun en b qun trng
xuyn l hai na, u khng th
pht huy tc dng, nh th gi l
hnh v. Hnh v l mc tiu sn bt
ca i phng.

3. Hnh trng lp
Hnh bn: en ng 2 m 1, qun
lc pht huy rt khng mnh, loi
hnh xu ny gi l hnh trng lp.
106
Hnh bn: Bn ngoi khng c qun
trng no, en dng nhiu qun
vy mt a bn nh, qun lc pht
huy rt khng mnh, v th cng l
hnh trng lp.


4. Hnh mng
Hnh bn: cc qun en phi hp rt
mng v yu v th gi l hnh
mng. Hnh mng l mc tiu cng
kch ca i phng.

Hnh p c my loi nh sau:
1. Hnh dy
Hnh bn: Qun en bn phi trn
rt chc chn, trng khng dm vo
gn, y qun lc pht huy mnh
m, hnh rt chc chn gi l hnh
dy, li dng hnh dy c th cng
kich c yu ca i phng, cng
c th to hnh dng ln.

2. Hnh phi hp
Hnh di: Bin trn en 5 qun vvy c mt vng t ln, qun lc pht huy c rt
mnh, ly ch th l 3 qun hng 3, 4; 2 qun trn hng 2, 5 c tc dng cng c v khuch
i a bn.



3. Hnh cht ch
Hnh bn: Qun trng trn v di
u rt l vng chc, nhng kp
gia l i qun c en kt cu rt
cht ch, khin trng khng c cch
g cng kch.
107

4. Hnh nh nhng
Hnh bn: 3 qun en th ng tuy
rt mng nhng trng khng th ct
ri, hin ti khng c bin php tn
cng en mt cch hu hiu, c en
r rng rt nh nhng
V vy, khi chi c chng ta nn lun ch trnh i thnh hnh xu, tm cch i loi hnh
p ph hp vi chin lc chin thut ca mnh.


Bi 2: Yu im trong tn cng v phng th

Ch c luyn tp thnh tho, nm vng yu im cng th, mi c th b tr qun mnh nhp
nhng nht tr, khng b cng kch, ng thi chim gi im yu ca i phng, tin hnh
cng kch hu hiu.
Hnh bn: C trng rt hon chnh,
bn en cng cn phi cng c c
mnh. Nn t xung ch no cho
tt?
Hnh bn: en 1 i, tm thi cng
c ch ct, li vy gn vng gc, v
th en 1 l nc p.
1
Hnh bn: Trng va i nh qun
en, en nn i th no i ph?

Hnh bn: en 1 ni l c hng, to
thnh hnh ngu inh bn, trng 2
di, bn qun en ch c nng n
chy ra ngoi.
1
2
Hnh bn: en 1 nh li l cch
ng, v sau i n en 5, trng
c gc, en gi c ngoi th,
hai bn hnh thnh th chia i.
5
2
1
3
4=
108
Hnh bn: Trng va di, en c
cn i ph cho tt khng?
Hnh bn: Nu en thot tin
(khng i ph m i ch khc
gi l thot tin-ting Nht l
tenuki), lc y, trng t v tr
qun trng 1, chun b n en bng
n o phc, en 2 ch c ni,
trng 3 li bay, c en lp tc ri
vo cnh kh.

5
1
4
2
3
Hnh bn: en 1 ni i l cch
chnh xc, phng chng cng kich
hu hiu, lc ny trng li phi chy
2 qun ra ngoi, en 2 bn u c
th an bi tt p.
1
Hnh bn: Trng di, chun b
chia ct c en, en i ph ra sao?
Hnh bn: en 1 ni tuy l cng c
ch ct, nhng qun lc paht huy
khng mnh, li xut hin hnh tam
gic ngu, v th en 1 l nc
hng.
1
Hnh bn: en 1 ni i l chnh
xc, va cng c ch ct, li uy hip
qun trng, tc dng rt r rng.
1
109
Hnh bn: Hai qun en ng v
th gi l bc voi trng chc
vo gia gi l xuyn mt voi,
en nn th no?
Hnh bn: en 1 di l nc sai lm,
trng 2 ng di ra, en xut hin
hnh tan v. Trong c vy, c cu
cch ngn xuyn mt voi k i i,
ngha l en khng th 1 hoc 2
di ra.
1
2
Hnh bn: en bay l nc chnh
xc, trng 2 ( trong bin, gc
t mt qun trn qun i
phng gi l ), en 3 di, nh
vy qun en hai bn x l u tt.
1
2
3
Hnh bn: Nh hnh ny, nu trng
i, cng kch th no? Nu en i,
phng th ra sao?
Hnh bn: Trng 1 im, cng
trng yu hi ca bn en, en 2
ni, xut hin 2 hnh tam gic ngu,
en rt l kh chu.
2
1
Hnh bn: phng chng s cng
kch ca bn trng, en 1 cng c l
rt quan trng, sau trng khng
cch g cng kich c en.
1
110
Hnh bn: en i trc th i th
no? Trng i trc th i th no?
Hnh bn: en 1, 3 b lin tc l
cch cng kch mnh nht lc ny.
Trong c vy c cu cch ngn:
u hai qun tt b, v sau trng 4
di, en 5 ni, c en rt dy. en
vn c im A cng kich c
trng. Ngc li, nu n trng i,
trng cng i ging nh en
cng kch.
A
4 2
3
1
5



111
Chng 12: nh thc sao

nh thc l th no? Do khi hai bn tin hnh tranh ot gc, hnh thnh rt nhiu loi bin
ho hay gp, li qua cc cao th thc chin thi u v nghin cu, gi li nhng cch ng i
hp l nht (m trong s c mt ca hai bn l tng ng) s dng, gi l nh
thc (mu c nh)
Hc tp nh thc khng bt buc ghi nh hon ton (b nh cht), ch cn theo phng
php l gii, nh c mt s bin ho c bn nht. n khi gp nhng bin ho khc, c th
cn c tnh hung thc t m linh hot x l.
Hnh bn: en chim v tr sao,
trng c th cc v tr A, B, C tin
cng (gi l treo gc). v tr A
treo gc l hay dng nht.
C
A
B
Hnh bn: Trng 2 bay gn treo gc,
en 3 bay gn l t mnh gia
cng, sau trng 4 bay vo gc, en
5 chc, trng 6 m cch hai kt
thc, en trng u c mi
phng l nh thc hay gp.(t
trng 2 n x l 1 bc nhy, nu
trng 6 ti th gi l m cch 1
hay m 1, t trng 2 n trng 6 l
2 bc nhy nn gi l cch hai)
6 x 2
4
1
5
3
Hnh bn: en 1 nhy ln, trng 3
vn bay gc, en 3 chc, trng 4 m
2, v en 1 nm hng 4, vy cn
m li en 5, lc ny t en mi
vy c hon chnh.
4
2
1
3
5
Hnh bn: en 1 bay xa l c coi
trng vung bin bn phi. Trng 2
im tam-tam (v to gc ca
im ny l 3-3) n 15, nh thc
kt thc. en 15 sao khng i
im A? im A tuy cng l cng
c, nhng v tr en 15 tc dng ln
hn.
14 12
13
15
7
9
A
6
3
5
8
2
4
10
11
1
Hnh bn: Trng 2 nng, 4 quay
ct l cch i mong mun bin ho,
tch cc khiu chin, en 5 theo cu
cch ngn ct ch thp di mt
pha ng ph. Tip theo n en
11 cng l nh thc.
8
2
5
6
3
4
11
1
10
9
7
112
Hnh bn: en 1 gip cng thp
cch 1 l mt cch gip cng kch
lit, trng nu nhy ln A, en
cng nhy B, nh th en c li.
Trng 2 im tam tam l ng nht,
en 3 chn xung ng nhin, v
sau trng 10 nhy ra l nh thc.
Ti nh thc ny c 2 vn cn
1
E
C
A
F
7
9
6
3
5
B
8
2
4
D
10
ch : 1. v en 1 l gip cng cch 1, nn sau khi trng 10 nhy, en c th thot tin, v sau
nu trng kp im C, en nht nh phi b E, khng c ng xung F, v ng l
hu th, trng c th nhy ra mt; 2. en 5 c th b D khng? Tr li l khng.

Hnh bn: en 1 b khng tt l c
hng, trng c th on ca trng 2
ng xung, v sau n trng 8,
en mt nhiu.
7
5
3
4
6
2
1
8
Hnh bn: Khi im A c qun
en ng, en c th chn en 3,
v sau n en 7 "kho u", Trng
c gc, en gi th bin phi,
mi bn mt ci.
1
7
6
5
4 2
3
A
Hnh bn: en 1 gip cng cao cch
2 cng l phng php gip cng
hay gp, trng 2 nhy ra, sau li bay
4, bay xa 6 t mnh an nh. V
sau en c th trn A khuch
i bin bn phi.
6
1
2
4
3
5
7
Hnh bn: en 1 "m", 3 "p" l
mun ngn trng bin trn, v sau
n en 7, tin th gi trng bin
trn bn phi.
7
5
8
3
4
6
1 2
113
Hnh bn: Khi im A c qun
en, trng im tam tam, en c th
chn en 1, n 19 l mt loi
nh thc nh hnh ln, trong qu
trnh din bin, en 15 th thm mt
qun hng 2 cng c li cho vic
ly th ca bn en. Sau khi nh
thc hon thnh, en i B, C, D
u l tin th. Kiu tc chin
bin trn nh th ny, i vi en
hon ton c li.
D
E C
B
18
16
17
15
14
13
12
9
4
11
19
6
5
3
10
7
2
A
8
1
Hnh bn: en 1 ct ngoi l nc
c sai lm ln v sau n trng 6
di, en tuy n c 2 qun trng
trn gc nhng th c bin phi
ca en khng th khuch i c,
qun li b th lc to ln ca trng
uy hip.
2
4
1
6
3 5
Hnh bn: en 1gip cng thp cch
3 cng l cch i hay gp, n 11
ht, v l en gip cng cch 3 nn
h en 11 khng ch qun treo
gc ca trng l rt cn thit, v sau
trng b A, en cng b B
c. Mun cng kch c trng, c
th t C.
1
A
B
11
7
9
6
3
5
8
2
4
10
C
Hnh bn: en 1 gip cng cao cch
3, trng 2 gip li, gi l n bay
i. en 3 , ch qun
khng b gip cng, gi l mnh
khng yu. mt pha mnh
l t mnh gia cng, cng c lc
cng kch pha kia ca qun ch.
Cui cng, n en 17 l bin ho
in hnh ca nh thc n bay i
(Song phi yn). en c cn b
nc 17 cui cng khng?
1 8
14
12
11
15
10
9
5
13
3
4
7
6
2
16
17
Hnh bn: Trng 1 kp, n 3, 5
cp gc en, phng th
on ny ca en, b mt nc cui
cng l rt quan trng.
2
4
1
3
5
114
Hnh bn: Trng 6 im tam tam
cng l cch hay dng. n en 15
l nh thc. en 13 qut rt quan
trng. Trong c Vy c cch ni
C b mt u, sc mnh nh tru.
en nu khng t ti v tr 13,
trng cng chim lin.
1 15
5
13
7
11
3
4
14
6
8
9
2
10
12
Hnh bn: Trng 2 gip cng li
cng l cch thng gp. V sau
n en 9 l nh thc. Bn en nu
c qun A, en 9 c th B,
khuch i ngoi th
1 4
B
3
5
6
7
2
A
8
9
Hnh bn: en 1 , 3 di gi l
nh thc ko di, trng 4, 6
trin khai, en 7 c th t di
sao. en 7 m c ln khng? Trng
A m vo lm sao ?
6
2 1
3
4
A
5
7
Hnh bn: cui cng hnh thnh
nh cp, m bn trng th c
mi khng c cp b en n gn.
v vy hnh trn, en c th t
7.


10
9
8
7
26
25
6
2
3
5
4
11
21
18
19
12
13
1
16
17
14
20
15
22
23
24=18; 25=17
Hnh bn: Trng 4 im tam tam
cng l bin ho thng gp, en 5
h l ly bin trn, n trng 8,
trng c gc, en ly bin trn.
V sau en c th i A cng
trng.
7
2 1
3
5 4
6
8
A
115
Hnh bn: Trng i 4 chc vi i 8
di ging nhiu khc t, n 11 cng
c mi bn c mt pha. Trong
y cn ch , en 9 ni rt l trng
yu, y l im quan h n cn c
a ca hai bn, en 9 nu t A,
trng 10 c th thot tin.
10
2 1
3
4
8
5
6
11
9
7
A
Hnh bn: Trng 1 treo cao l cch
dng trong trng hp c bit, en
2 nhy, trng 3 nng, 5 li v sau
m 7. Ch en 6 nht nh ng
xung, nc ny thc li rt ln,
khng th b qua.
2
1
4
3
5
7
6
Hnh bn: Trng 1 treo cao cch 2
l thin v bin, en 2 nhy ln,
trng 3 m bin, binho hi b n
gin.
3
1
2

nh thc sao ng nhin c nhiu bin ho, chng ta cn nm vng nhng bin ho c s
trnh by trn, gp vn c th linh hot vn dng.

116
Chng 13: Cch chi c chp qun

Trong khi chi c, nu trnh c hai bn khng tng ng th dng n phng php chp
qun b p khin cc din tr li cn bng. Cn c mc sai bit v trnh , thng
thng c th chp t 2 n 9 qun.

Hnh di: y l tnh th thng xut hin trong c chp 9 qun, trng 1, 3, 5 nhe nanh ma
vut mun n gn qun en sao bin trn, lc ny en nn i ph th no?
4
3
5
1
2

Hnh di: en 1 bay hng 3, mun to sng ti ch, v sau n en 15, qun en to
sng xong, nhng cch i ny qu tiu cc, khin qun trng qu dy. Sau trng 16 xm
nhp vo t en ( nhp), en 17, 19 li vi vng to sng bin trn lm thnh hnh xu.
Th th en i sai ? u tin i 1 to sng ti ch l cc k sai lm. l ch mong sng c
khng ngh n vic khc, tip theo 3, 5, 7 u l tiu cc to sng.
17
18
19
16
20
2
4
1
3
9
10
7
8
15
11
12
5
13
6
14

117
Hnh di: en 1 chc vai (Trong c vy, i mt nc cho gc, pha trn vi mt qun
ch gi l chc vai) l cch i tch cc, nh vy khng nhng gii thot qun en, m li
tn cng n qun trng pha trn bn phi. Trng 2 ko di ln trn l tt nhin, tri qua mt
trn chin u kch lit, n en 17, trng b hm vo hon cnh kh s.
13
7
10
15
12
11
1
3
6
8
16
2
4
5
9
14 17


Hnh di: en 1bay ra cng l mt cch i tch cc. Trng 2 ko di, en 3 cng thun th
ko ra, khi trng 4 qut mun ct c en, en khng c s, nht nh phi chn cng bng
en 5. Nu trng ct A th lm sao? Lc ny li chc vai B, trng ct en v hiu.
2
4
1
3
5
A
B


Tm li, khi b chp qun, qun en khng th s, cn tch cc ch ng chin u vi qun
trng, ch c nh vy mi c th nng cao k lc (sc c).
Hnh di: y l c chp 6 qun, trng 1, 3, 5 ba qun ny vy c mt a bn ln, en
nn nh tip th no?
4
3
5
1
2

118
Hnh di: en 1 nhp tuy nhin rt l dng cm, nhng lc ny qu sm. Ni theo tm l,
cch i ny gi l k, nhn thy trng vy t th khng cam tm. C trng li rt hoan
nghnh nc c en 1 nhp, v sau n en 17, en tuy ph ht a bn bin trn ca
trng, nhng c trng bin thnh hnh dng rt dy chc, khin hai qun en bn tri, phi
pha trn u b uy hip. Tip theo nu trng nhp A hoc B, en li phi b ng to
sng. th th en nn i th no.
A
14
2
15
1
3
4
13
5
6
7
10
17
11
8
9
16
12
B

Hnh di: en 1 to thnh tam lin tinh(ba qun sao lin) hnh dng ln rt l hng trng,
th en ln hn trng nhiu, bc sau, th no th trng cng gp phi cng kich ca en.
1

Hnh bn: Khi trng bay gn treo
gc, en nhy ln, trng 2 theo
hng khc gip cng 2 qun en,
l mt cch trng hay s dng c
chp qun. en nn i ph th
no?
1
2
119
Hnh bn: en 1 chc nh, v sau
li v im 5 gi gc, l mt cch
rt tiu cc, b 2 qun trng 2, 4
ko di, c trng bn ngoi lp
tc to mnh ln rt nhiu.
4
3
2
5
1
Hnh bn: en 1 gip cng l cch
tch cc, trng 2 nhy ln, en 3
cng nhy ln, trng 4 chc ln t
l g? y l m mu, chun b
xuyn ct c en im A, en 5
chc nh ng i, y l c en
c li.
4
3
5
A
2
1
Hnh bn: Trng nhp khin
qun en au u, v qun en hy
vng lin lc l t tng ch o sai
lm, v vy xut hin mt loi hnh
c xu.
Hnh bn: en 1 nng, lin lc,
trng 2 b, v sau n trng 10 ct,
en khng nhng khng th lin lc,
li b to thnh hnh c tan v.
7
10
6
5 2
4
8
1
9
3
Hnh bn: en 1 , n en 7 th
en tuy t c mc ich lin lc,
nhng b trng tin th n 1 qun
trn khng gi l hoa n. Trong
c Vy c cu ni n mt qun
trn khng-30 mc, thy l so
vi kt qu t c, en thit ln.
7
4
5
1
6
3
2
120
Hnh bn: en 1 nhy ln l cch
chnh xc, trng 2 cng ch c th
nhy ln, en li nhy, qun trng b
kp gia, en 5 th gc. Xem ra,
en tuy mt mt t a bn, nhng
sau qun en 3 th th lc bn tri
c gia cng, en 5 chim c
vng gc, ng thi uy hip qun
trng treo gc, trng 2, 4 chy thot
chng c g, hin nhin cch i
ny en c li.
3 2
4
1
5
Hnh di: Trng nhp, en nn i ph th no?

Hnh di: en 1 chc nh, 3 gip cng, c v hung tn. Nhng trng 4 nhy ln, nh nhng
thot ra, v sau trng li c cc im A, B nhp bin trn, en bt mn.

3
2
4
1 A
B

Hnh di: en 1 ct ngc l mt cch nh kin c, trng vn ch nhy ln, en 3 nhy,
mt bn c t, mt bn trc chin vi qun trng.
3
2
1

Hnh di: Trng xm nhp hng 2, l cch i hay gp, en x l th no cho tt?

Hnh di: en 1 chc mm yu, trng 2, 4 nh nhng ph t to sng, en tht bi.
121
3 2
1 4


Hnh di: en 1 u l cch ng, trng 2 li v, en 3 b, trng mun sng cng phi n
lc.
3
1
2

Hnh bn: trng im vo tam-
tam l cch i hay gp. en nn
ng i th no cho tt?
Hnh bn: khi c qun , en nn
bo v a bn pha trn, sau cc
qun en 1, 3, 5; en c th thot
tin i ni khc.
3
5
1
4
6
2
Hnh bn: trng im vo tam-
tam l cch i hay gp. en nn
ng i th no cho tt?
122
Hnh bn: en 1 chn li, trng 2
b, v sau n en 7, en tuy thit 1
im, nhng vn bo v c gc.
1
6
7
4
5
3
2
Hnh bn: en 1 ni, 3 nh cng l
mt cch, sau ny c th on m
im A, i khi c thi c s cng
kch c trng.
1
3
5
4
2
A
Hnh bn: Trng im tam-tam,
en c nn chn A khng?
A
Hnh bn: do trng m 2 hng 3
hi yu, en 1 ng xung tin
hnh phn kch l chnh xc, v sau
n trng 12 ttuy sng trong gc,
nhng sau khi b en trn en
13, m trng m 2 rt nguy him.
9
10
8
7
11
12
4 2
3
13
6
5
1

123
Chng 14: gii thiu Quan t

Quan t l th no? Sau khi hai bn tri qua chin u kch lit giai on trung bn, i cuc
nh, tranh ot, phn chia cc vng t bin gii hai bn gi l giai on quan t. Khi
trong mt vn c m tnh th cc din, chnh lch khng nhiu gi l c nh, th quan t s
quyt nh thng bi. C hi u th mt cht, v quan t khng chun xc, tht bi d dng;
C hi km th mt cht, do quan t xo diu m nghch chuyn cn khn, bin bi thnh
thng cng khng him thy. V vy, trong c Vy, quan t cng rt quan trng.


Bi 1: Phng php tnh ton quan t

Hnh bn: en 1 i, vy c mt
im, gi l 1 mc. l chim
c 1 mc quan t.
1
Hnh bn: en 1 tuy t n khng
to ra cho bn en mc t no,
nhng li ph c hi to 1 mc ca
trng. en 1 cng l 1 mc quan t.
1
Hnh bn: en 1 n 1 qun trng.
Tuy ch vy cho bn en 1 im,
nhng ng thi trn bn bt i mt
qun trng, bn trng bt i 1 im,
lm phng tin tnh ton, khng
tnh im l trng gim i 1 mc,
m tnh en tng 1 mc, vy n 1
qun tnh l c 2 mc.
1
Hnh bn: en 1 ni tuy t mnh
khng thm mc no, nhng
khin i phng mt c hi chim
2 mc, v th cng l quan t 2 nc.
1
Hnh bn: en 1 ni, n c mt
qun trng, li vy c 1 im
trng. n 1 qun 2 mc, cng vy 1
im l 3, vy gi l quan t 3 mc.
1
124
Hnh bn: en 1 cu v 1 qun,
khin trng mt c hi chim 3
mc, cng l quan t 3 mc.
1
Hnh bn: en 1 ct n 4 qun
trng, l 8 mc cng 2 im trng,
v th en 1 l quan t ln 10
mc.
1
Hnh bn: en 1 ni, n c 2
qun trng vy c 2 im, nn
tnh l 2 mc chng? khng ng!
nu b trng t ti 1 khng nhng
trng cu v 2 qun, ng thi li
n 3 qun en cng 1 im chim
c l 7 mc, v th tnh ly s
mc c mt ca hai bn cng li
6+7=13, quan t ny l 13 mc.
1
Hnh bn: en 1 trn bin ph trng
1 mc, gi l quan t 1 mc.
Hnh bn: en 1 b, 3 ni ph trng
1 mc, t vy c 1 mc, v th l
2 mc quan t, ngc li trng
ch en 3 i trc cng l 3 mc.
3 1 2

1. Quan t tin th v hu th
Trong qu trnh chim quan t, nu chim xong mt quan t, sau li tranh c tin th
(tranh c lt i) i chim cc quan t khc, quan t y gi l tin th quan t. Ngc
li, chim xong mt quan t. b i phng tranh i chim quan t khc mt gi l hu th
quan t. Trn y chng ti va trnh by qua mt vi quan t u l quan t m hai bn
cng hu th (song phng hu th)
Hnh bn: Quan t ny my mc, ai
tin th, ai hu th?
Hnh bn: en 1 b, 3 ni tin th
ph trng 2 mc,. Ngc li nu
trng i trc b 3, ni 1, cng
ph en 2 mc, v th, y l quan
t hai bn cng tin th 4 mc.
3 1 2
4
125
Hnh bn: Quan t ny my mc?
Hnh bn: en 1 b, 3 ni, trng 2
thot tin i chim quan t khc,
en 5, 7 li b ni l tin th. Nh
th hai bn en vi trng u l mt
bn tng 5 mc, mt bn gim 5
mc. v vy quan t ny l quan t
hai bn hu th 10 mc.
6
8
5
2
7
1
x
3
x
x
x
x
Hnh bn: Quan t ny nn chim
th no, c bao nhiu mc?
Hnh bn: en 1 b, 3 ni tip theo
5, 7, 9 l tin th, y nu trng i
trc ch en 3 b ni, hai bn
thm bt u 7 mc, v th quan t
ny l quan t ln hai bn hu th
14 mc.
8
10
7
6
5
2
9
1
x
3
x
x
x
x
x
x
Hnh bn: en bt 1 qun, trng
cng bt 1 qun, quan t ny nhiu
t th no?
Hnh bn: en 1 n qun trng c
2 mc, ng thi li gi li im
X 1 mc cng l 3 mc, nu b
trng n qun en, trng cng c
3 mc, m en mt 3 mc . Vy
quan t ny l hai bn hu th 6
mc.
x 1
Hnh bn: en trng hai bn u ch
1 nc n qun i phng, quan t
ny l my mc?
Hnh bn: en 1 n xong, 3, 5, 7 l
tin th, khng nhng t mnh c
3 mc, li ph i phng 4 mc,
cng l 7 mc, ngc li trng nu
i cng chim 3 mc ph en 7
mc. Vy quan t ny tuy ch n 1
qun nhng l quan t hai bn hu
th 14 mc.
6
8
5
4
3 7 1
126
Hnh bn: Hai bn u c th n ca
nhau 3 qun, liu quan t ny
ln th no?
Hnh bn: Sau khi en n 3 qun, c
th tin th h 3, 5, 7 t gi ca
mnh 7 mc ph trng 4 mc, cng
11 mc, ngc li nu trng n en
3 qun, cng nh vy. V vy, y
l quan t ln c bit 22 mc hai
bn hu th.4
1 7 3 5
4
6
8
Hnh bn: Quan t ny chim nh
th no, ln bao nhiu?
Hnh bn: en 1 chc, 3 b l tin
th, v sau trng t vo A, en ni
B, y, en c 1 mc, trng
mt 2 mc, cng l 3 mc. Ngc
li, trng nu chc en 1, kt qu
cng nh vy. y tnh l quan t 6
mc 2 bn cng tin th.
4
6
3
2
5
1
A
B
Hnh bn: en 1 n 2 tr li 1 l
my mc? en 1 n 2 qun l 2 mc
trng 2 n li mt qun l mt
mc, ni n gin, n 2 tr 1 l
quan t 1 mc.
1
V quan t tin th v hu th gi tr rt khc nhau nn khi tin hnh thu quan, chng ta cn
ch chim cc quan t tin th trc.

2. Thu ngc quan t
quan t no, m mt bn thu quan (chim quan t) l tin th, cn bn kia nu thu quan l
hu th, quan t c gi l quan t mt bn tin th (n phng tin th). C khi quan
t mt bn tin th b bn hu th tranh chim trc, cch thu quan gi l thu ngc quan
t.
Hnh bn: en i trc, quan t ny
chim nh th no?
Hnh bn: en 1 bay xa, tc gi l
dui chn di. y cch thu quan
hay gp, v sau n 8 ni, en tin
th ph trng 8 mc t. t mnh
gi thm 1 mc, v vy gi l en
tin th 7 mc.
7
5
3
6
1
2
4
8
127
Hnh bn: C trng nu tranh chim
v tr ca trng , nguyn l quan t
tin th ca c en, trng mnh tay
chim ly cng gi l thu ngc
quan t. V sau trng 1 b, 3 ni l
tin th. Nh vy, c th khin
trng tng thm 6 mc, ph en 3
mc, v th gi l thu ngc 9 mc.
2
4
1 3
Bi 2: Cc quan t thng gp

Hnh bn: en 1 bay l mt nc
quan t rt ln, tip theo trng 2 li
thot tin chim quan t ln khc,
en 3 chc, 5 b l tin th
6
8
5
4
7
3
1
Hnh bn: Trng 1 chc gi c
gc cng rt ln, v sau n 7 tm
ngng. So vi hnh trn, 2 bn s
t sai bit l 18 mc, v th quan t
ny gi tr l 18 mc.
1
7
3
2
5
4
6
Hnh bn: Trng 1 chn gc, tip
theo en 2 b, 4 ni l tin th.
5
1
3
2
4
Hnh bn: en i trc c th nhy
im 1, trng 2 thot tin, en 3
chc, 7 b l tin th. So hnh trn
vi hnh ny, quan t ny c gi tr
16 mc.
8
10
7
6
9
3
1
4 5
128
Hnh bn: Trng chn gc l mt
quan t rt ln, en 2 thot tin,
trng 3 b, 5 ni l tin th.
4
6
3 5
1
Hnh bn: en 1 qut chim c
gc rt ln, so vi hnh trn sai bit
12 mc.
1
Hnh bn: Trng 1 b, 3 ni, y l
quan t ln 17 mc. en 4 thot
tin, tip theo trng 5 kp, 7 nh l
tin th.
3 1
7
2
8
5
6
Hnh bn: en i trc, c th
ng xung ch en 1, trng 2
thot tin, v sau en 3 bay xa l
tin th.
6
10
3
4
5
8
9
7 1
Hnh bn: y l mt hnh quan t
ln rt hay gp, trng 1 ko di, en
khng , trng 3 di l tin th.
1 3
4
8
7
5
6
129
Hnh bn: en i trc c th chn
en 1, quan t ny l hai bn i
sau 16 mc.
1
Hnh bn: trng ni li trng 1,
cu v mt qun trng, sau 3 b, 5
ni l tin th. Quan t ny l hu
th 10 mc.
1
5 3 4
6
Hnh bn: en i, kp en 1, n
c mt qun trng, v sau li c
nc 5 b tin th.
6
10
5
2
7
1
8
3
9
Hnh bn: trng i trc v tr
qun trng 1, n 1 qun en, l quan
t ln 14 mc. Sau khi n qun en
t mnh li khng cn s h.
8
10
7
6
5
2
9
1
3
Hnh bn: en i trc ni, khng
nhng l thu quan t rt ln, v sau
li c nc b im A quan t.
Nu iu kin bn ngoi chn
mui, en li c th m ngang
ti B cng kch c trng.
1
B
A
Hnh bn: trng 1 ct ri mt qun
en li c gc- t rt ln.
8
10
7
4
2
9
3
1
5
130
Hnh bn: en i trc, chn
im en 1 c th chim c gc
ngay. Hnh trn so vi hnh ny, c
th thy quan t ny l 22 mc hu
th.
5
1
3
2
4


Bi 3: K xo trong quan t

Gi l K xo quan t v y trnh by cc cch i chnh xc, khn kho trong giai on
quan t. K xo quan t khng nhng cn nm vng tri thc v quan t, cng cn kt hp
cht ch vi hiu bit v c sng cht, v n n qun. Tinh thm k xo quan t l c bo
bi th thng trong c nh (t k-vn c c s chnh lch v u th gia hai bn rt
nh).
Hnh bn: en i trc lm sao thu
quan bin trn?
hnh bn:Nhn qua c th ngh en 1
chn, trng 2 ng l mt cch, sau
li mt mt nc en 3 chn
xung, c en khng th tranh tin
th ?
2 3
1
Hnh bn: en 1 im l cch
chnh xc. Trng 2 ni, v sau n
en 5 tin th chn bn phi.
2 1
6
4 5
3
Hnh bn: en c th thu quan t
th no?
Hnh bn: en 1 b, 3 ni l hu
th, en c cch no tt hn
khng?
3 1 2
131
Hnh bn: en 1 b, trng ch c
cch n, en 3 li b l nc hay, v
sau n trng 6 n, en g c
quan t tin th ca trng (nu
trng i trc b im en 5), en
thnh cng.
5 4 3 6
1
2
Hnh bn: en c cch no thu quan
t bin trn?
Hnh bn: en 1 b, 3 ni l cch
bnh thng, lm sao c kt qu
tt hn?
3 1 2
Hnh bn: en 1 ng l cch chnh
xc, trngs m chn li, en c
tin th, trng m khng chn, en
c th chui en 3, v sau trng 6
cng c, en tin th ph thm
trng 2 mc.
1 5 3 4
6
Hnh bn: en c cch no chim
quan t gc?
Hnh bn: en 1, 3 b ni l cch
n gin.
3 1 2
Hnh bn: en 1 im vo trong l
nc hay, trng 2 chn xung, en
3 dn, 5 chn- chun b nh
cp A (trng b tip khng v),
trng 6 bt buc n. y l en tin
th, trnh c nc b hng 1 l
nc quan t 2 mc tin th ca
trng.
5 2
3
1
4
6
132
Hnh bn: en c th thu quan t
th no bin trn?
Hnh bn: en 1 b l vi v tin
hnh. 2 tao mt, en khng cn
cch g na.
3 1 4 2
6
5
Hnh bn: en 1 b, v sau en 3
im l kho lo, cui cng trng 8
n, en tin th ph 3 mc t
trng.
5 7 3
4
8
1
2
6

K xo quan t trong thc chin th thin bin vn ho, chng ta phi nm vng mt vi kin
thc c bn ny, ng thi khi lm trn cn cn c tnh hnh thc t vn dng linh hot.
Bi tp tng hp s 5.(Trong cc bi tp, u l bn en i trc)
1.

Trng va b xung, en nn i
th no?
2

3.

Ngh cch n vi qun trng xem?
4.

C th ct trng lm hai mnh
khng?
133
5.

6. Chim quan t pha trn th no?

7.

8.

9. Cu 2 qun en bin trn ra. 10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

134
17.

18.

19.

20

21.

22.

23.

24.

Bi gii
1.
6
4
2
3
5
1
7

2
7
5
3
4
2
6
1

135
3.
3
1 2 A

4.
1
3
2

5.
5 1
2
9
8
3
4
7
10

6=
6.
2
6
1
5
3
4

7.
5
1
2
3

4=
8.
2
1 3 5

4=

9.
3
5
4
1
2
10.
1
2
6 5 3
4 7


11.
3
6
2
7
5
1 4

12.
1
3
2


136
13.
2 1
5

3=1;4=
14.
3
1
2 5
4
7

6=


15.
1 2 3
4 5

16.
5 2
3
4 1 6

17.
5
3 1 2
6
7
4
8

18.
4
3
1
8
2
6
5
7
9

19.
3
5
2
1 4

20.
10
12
9
11
2
4
14
3
1
7
6
16
15
5
8
17
13

21.
5 9 4
1 2
3
8 7
6

22.
3
1
4
2
5
8
7
6
9

23.
3 6
1
5
2
4

24.
3 4
2
1
5

137
Chng 15: Chin thut trong giai on trung bn

Bi 1: Chin thut cng kch

Tn cng l phng php ch yu tin n thng li, v vy t u n cui phi t cng
kich ln hng u. Nu c th cng kch i phng th nht nh cng kch, ch c ch ng
tin cng, mi c chin tch to ln.

1.Phng php cng kch hay gp
Hnh di: en cng kch c trng m 2 nh th no?


Hnh di: en 1 im vo, sau 3, 5 ni v, l cch ot ly cn c a ca qun trng. V sau
c thi c li c th trn im A, tip tc cng kch qun trng.
5 7
3
4
1
6
8
A
2

Hnh di: en 1 trn l coi trng hnh th trung ng. trng 2 nhy, en c th chc en 3,
bay 5 n cht 1 qun.
1
5
3 4
2


Hnh bn: en lm sao cng kch
qun trng bin trn.
Hnh di: en 1 trn rt hung tn, nhng s dng lc ny khng thch hp. Trng 2 chc ra,
en tip tc bay tn cng, trng c th 4, 6, tip theo n trng 10 chy thot, hiu qu
cng kch ca bn en khng ln.
138
9 7
8
5
6
10
4
3
2
1

Hnh di: en 1, 3 l bc chun b rt cn thit cho vic cng kck qun trng, v sau en 5
da trn th mnh ca qun en bay cng qun trng, v sau n en 9, trnng rt kh khn.
5 6
7
8
9 3
1
2
4


Hnh bn: Bn trng nn m bin
im A, nhng trng li khng i
nh vy, en nn cng kch c trng
th no by gi?

A
Hnh bn: en 1 m ct, 3 chc ra,
cng kch c trng, v sau
trng 4, 6, 8 xng ra rt mnh, l c
th ct en im A, en cng kch
tht bi.
A
7
3
6
1
8
2
4
5
Hnh bn: en 1 l nh trng yu
im ca 3 qun trng, trng 2, 4
ch c th chy ra ngoi, en 5 do
ct cng l yu im cng kch
c trng, trng 6 ni, en 7 nhy,
to cn c tm thi tip tc cng
kch trng.
7 1
5
4
6
2
3
Hnh bn: en lm sao cng kch
qun trng treo gc?
139
Hnh bn: en 1 nhy ln l cch
ph thng, trng 2 bay gc, 4 m
d dng sng mt m trong trong
trn ca en.
4
2
1
3
Hnh bn: en 1 chc nh trc, v
sau li nhy, l phng php cng
kch chnh xc, v sau trng 4, 6 ch
c nhy ra ngoi, en 7 tm m bin
chim t, li lng xem ng tnh
qun trng.
5
4
6
2
1
3
7

Hnh di: Nu en to h im A, th trng c th bay B hoc m 3 C. en c cch
no tich cc hn khng?
B
A
C


Hnh di: en 1 chc nh, 3 gip cng l phng php ch ng tich cc, nu trng ct
A, th en c th nh B, nh vy, 2 qun trng trn cng b nguy him.
1
2
B
A C
3



140
2. Mc ch cng kch
Cng kch c i phng cn c mc tiu r rng. Cn c vo tnh hung c th, s phi hp
gia cc qun, hnh c bn ngoi ca c hai bn m lp ra mc ch (n qun, vy t..) tn
cng, khi cng kich, cn t c hiu qu t ra, nh vy li cn c k hoch cn thn.
Nhm mt cng ba, khng ch khng c hiu qu, ngc li dn la t t mnh.
Hnh di: en lm sao cng kch 2 qun trng?


Hnh di: en 1 trn rt hung tn, trng 2 chc, en 3 bay cng, lc ny trng 4, 6 nhy lin
tip 2 qun v sau trng 8 lp tc xng ra. By gi en 1, 3 tri ni khng cn c, cm thy
c n, cng kch vy l tht bi.
1
2
3
5
4
8
7
6

Hnh di: en ly gc bn phi nhy ln vng chc lm c s, chc en 1, en 3 bay
cng chnh xc, nh vy khng ch cng kch c trng, ng thi to thnh hnh dng ln b
phi?
2
4
1
3
5

Hnh bn: en c cch no cng
kch 1 qun c trng khng?
141
Hnh bn: en 1 trn, trng 2 bay ra
n trng 6 nhy, en chng c li
g.
3
2
6
4
1 5
Hnh bn: en 1 bay cng l phng
hng chnh xc, trng 2 ko di,
en 3 b cht ch, trng 4 ch c u
khut chu b, en 5 chn bn
phi cng kch c trng l nc hay,
trng 6 ko ra, lc ny en 7 b, t
trng b ph, en tn cng thu li
ln.
1 2
3
4
6 5
7
Hnh bn: c en nn tn cng qun
trng nhp th no?
Hnh bn: en 1 chc, 3 b u l
c, khi trng qut, en 5 , 7
ko di khin c trng khng th
lng ton, trng 8 ko ra, en c
th ct en 9, c trng tn tht
ln, en cng kch thnh cng.
1 2
3
4
8 7 5
6 9


142
Bi 2: Chin thut nhp

1. Hnh nhp thng gp
Hnh bn: en 1 nhp vo
hnh m 3 nghing ca trng
( v tr 2 qun trng) l hnh
hay gp. Hai bn i tip ht
no?
1
Hnh bn: trng 2 tt nhin,
en 3, 5 ni v v sau trng c
th B, hoc nhy A
cng c.
A
B 1
2
3
4
5
Hnh bn: Khi c qun lm
ngoi vin, en 1 nhp l rt
d gp.
1
Hnh bn: trng 2 l chnh
xc, en 3, 5 ni v ly thc
a, trng tuy b cp mt thc
a, nhng ngoi th dy ln, c
th thot tin i chim ch
khc.
7
5
6
3
4
1
2
Hnh bn: trng 2 chc, n
gn qun nhp, nh vy l
v l. en 3 ko di, sau li
c th ng en 5, v sau c
th chy v qua A b hoc B
chui. Tm li, en c th ni
v, trng khng nhng khng
th n qun en, m cn b xut
hin c, d l 2 im ct.
B
2
C
5
1
3
4 D
A


Hnh bn: Khi c lm ngoi
vin, en 1 nhp l rt
nghim khc, trng 2 ch .
Sau khi en ni v trng 8 cng
c l rt cn thit, nu khng b
en ko di vo v tr ny, trng
li khng c c hnh mt. nu
trng mun phng en 1
nhp, c th nhy ln cng c
A.
7
5
6
A
3
4
1
2
8
143
Hnh bn: en 1 l yu im
nhp ca hnh ny, hai bn tip
tc th no?
1
Hnh bn: trng 2 chc cn
en chy v l tt nhin, sau
en 3, 5, 7 ni v ly c rt
nhiu thc a, trng 14 ni i
khin c dy chc, cng c th
b ba qun y i chim vng
khc. sau khi en ni v, trng
m A tin th khng th
13
11
10
14
9
12
3
6
5
7
4
8
1
B
2
A
b qua v nh vy l tin th cng c im ct B. en 1 nhp nghim trng nh vy,
phng trng c th nhy ln v tr qun trng 12 t sm.
Hnh bn: en lm sao nhp
bin trn ca trng?
Hnh bn: v c lm ngoi
vin, en 1 nhp kim m
ct rt nghim khc, trng 2
v sau trng thnh ra c tri ni
khng c mt.
7
5
6
3
4
1
2
8
Hnh bn: trng 2 ni trc,
en 3 m, trng 4 ko di, en
c th 5 b, 7 nhy chia trng
lm 2, trng i bi.
6 5
4
3 1
7
2
Hnh bn: Khi en 1 nhp,
trng c th m trng 2, v
sau n trng 15 (tip theo xem
hnh di)
12
9
7
2
11
14
8
4
1
3
10
15
5
6
13
144
Hnh bn: trng 1 v, en 2 n,
v sau n trng 7 c th
phong to qun en cng kch
qun en bn tri.
7
5
3
2
1 8 6
4=1

2. nhp vi tnh hnh chu vi bn ngoi
Khi nhp cn quan st thi c v tnh hnh chu vi, khi chn im nhp cng cn tin
hnh phn tch cn thn. C lc tuy l thi im c th nhp, nhng tnh hnh chu vi bao
vy khng mnh m cng khng nn nhp.
Hnh di: trng bay gn treo gc, lc ny en nn lm g?


Hnh di: en 1 nhp kim gip cng qun trng treo gc, trng 2 nhy xa, sau trng 4 t
mnh an nh. i thnh hnh ny, m trng gc trn tri bay gc m 2 (m t hnh dng) rt
vng chc, qun trng pha trn bn phi cng l hnh sng, qun en 1 nhp b kp gia r
rng c n. V th nhp kim gip cng ca en 1 l sai lm.
1
2
6
8
4
7
3
5


Hnh di: en khng nhp m chc en 1 l chnh xc, trng 2 bay ln, en 3, 5 chim
t gc trc, v sau c A, B hai im c th thu nh t trng.
A 2
B
4
5
3
1


Hnh di: trng bay gn treo gc, lc ny en nn i p th no?


145
Hnh di: en 1 chc, trng 2 bay, en 3, 5 chim gc, i kiu ny ai c li hn? nguyn v 2
qun trng c ly hi xa, u cha an nh, c thm 2 qun trng 2, 4 c trng khng nhng an
nh r rng, li vy c mt vng t. V th, cch chc ln ca en khng th va .
2 4
5
3
1


Hnh di: en 1 nhp tch cc, trng 2 nhy xa, 4 chui gc gia cng c trng gc phi,
nhng en 9 c th tranh tin ra tay cng kch qun trng trn gc tri, nh vy en ch
ng.
12
10
11
13
9
1
2
6
8
4
7
3
5


Hnh di: Trng rt mun nhp im A, by gi c th nhp khng?
A

Hnh di: Trng nhp, en 1 li, trng 2, 4, 6 ni v, tm ph gc en li gia cng
qun trng bin trn, nhng en khng th trng nh nguyn c.
6
4
5
2
3 1


Hnh di: en 1 chc, khng nhng cho trng ni v l nc ng, tip n en 13 b,
trng tuy ph c t en, nhng ngoi th en qu ln, hai qun trng bin trn b en b
u rt kh thot, r rng en u. V th i vi c trng khng nn nhp, nn nhy ln
A, bo v an ton cho bn thn, i c hi nhp v sau.
146
8
13
9
5
7
4 6
1 2
3 11
10 12


Hnh di: Trng bay xa gi gc bn tri thm bin trn bn phi my qun hnh thnh khu t
rt l rng, nu b trng t thm mt quan th na, en rt kh, ph mng t ln ca trng.
en phi i th no pht t trng?


Hnh di: en 1 treo gc l mt im rt d thy, trng 2 gip cng thp cch 1, en im
vo tam-tam, n trng 20 nhy, en khng nhng chng ph c th trng, li lm trng
mnh hn.
7
13
14
17
6
3
5
9
11
15
19
8
4
10
12
16
18
1 2
20


Hnh di: en 1 nhp, chn im thch hp, trng 2 chc, t bo v cn c a, v sau li
i trng 4 gi gc, nh vy en d dng m 2. Nu trng 4 i ch en 5, en c th u tin
i A, sau vn c th vo tam-tam sng mt m qun trong gc.
4 5 1
3
A
2


Trong c Vy, nhp cng l mt vn phc tp, cn quan st s phi hp, b tr ca qun
hai bn i thi c chn mui mi tin hnh nhp.


147
Bi 3: S ln nh ca m bin

Trc y chng ta c gii thiu qua v nguyn tc mt qun m 2, ng 2 m 3, ng
3 m 4, u l quy lut thng thng. Trong thc chin, cn c tnh hnh phi hp b tr
qun lc hai bn m iu chnh m bin cao hoc thp, rng hoc hp.
Hnh di: gc phi trn, en ng 2 nn m my?

Hnh di: en 1 m 2 l chnh xc, bi v gc tri trn qun trng kh mnh, en m 2 c
th t bo v an ton, gi l b cng t bo (y l 1 trong 10 yu quyt chi c-c th
hiu l: th ch mnh, trc tin ta nn t thu xp mnh an ton). Nu c theo quy lut
thng thng, m 3 im A, th trng nhp im B, en rt bt li.
A 1 B


Hnh di: en bin trn nn m th no?

Hnh di: en m 4 l chnh xc, v ch c nh th, mi c th A hoc B tin vo gc
trng. Nu trng nhp C th sao? Bi v gc phi trn ca en rt dy chc, en c th
chc D cng kch trng.
B
A 1
D
C

148

Hnh di: bn phi, c en rt dy, nn m th no.

Hnh di: en 1 treo gc l chnh xc, trng 2 chc ln trnh b en bay , en 3 bay di v
to thnh hnh dng ln.
2
1
3

Hnh di: en nn ng ph nh th no trong hnh c ny?


Hnh di: lc ny c en m 1 l chnh xc, tuy nh, nhng tc dng rt ln. Mt l phng
chng hu hiu, n m im A ca trng, 2 l chn b nhp vo trn trng im B. V
th, en 1 tuy nh nhng l mt nc c rt l quan trng, cn thit.
B 1
A



149
Bi 4: Chin thut chuyn i

C Vy c cng c th, khi chng ta gp i phng cng kch, cn do dai chng gim
nh tn tht. Gi l chin thut chuyn i, v khi b tn cng hoc khi nh mnh ta yu dng
n chin thut ny c ng linh hot.

Hnh bn: Trng chc, mun n
gn qun en, lc ny en nn ng
ph ra sao?
hnh bn:en 1 ko di, 3 qut
chy thot ra ngoi to thnh hnh
ngu tam gic, rt l kh, v sau
n trng 6, c en vn rt nguy
him.
1
2
3 5
4
6
Hnh bn: en 1 da, 3 h l hnh
hay dng, lc ny en m ra rt
mnh. Tm thi trng khng c
th tn cng en.
3
1 2
Hnh bn: 3 qun en bin trn
rt yu, 2 bn u b c trng gip
cng, rt mng manh, bn en
phi i th no c th t mnh
an nh?
Hnh bn: en 1, 3, 5, lin tc chc
ba qun to sng, qu tiu cc,
tuy l c en thnh sng, nhng
khin c trng qu vng chc,
khng hay.
4 3
5
1 2
Hnh bn: en 1 chui l cch to
cn c thng dng, trng 2 b, en
3 ni v, khng nhng lm mng
qun mnh, li ph t trng, cch
i ny tch cc hn.
3 1 2
Hnh bn: Khi en 1 chui, nu
trng 2 b,tip n trng 10, en
tin th gia cng qun mnh.
7 2
3
8
1
5
9
4
6
10
150
Hnh bn: en lm sao gia cng
cho 3 qun en trn gc.
Hnh bn: en 1 k, 3 quay ct, l
cch chuyn i hay dng, v sau
n trng 8 n, en tin th gia
cng qun mnh.
7 2
1
8
3
5
4
6
Hnh bn: trng 4 nh bt, en 5
ko di, v sau en 9 n 1 qun
trng, i vi qun en cng c
li.
6 8
4
7
2
1
5
3
9
Hnh bn: Trng ct ri mt
qun en, en nn xl th no
cho tt p?
Hnh bn: en nh l tt nhin,
nhng en 3 h l hng, gi l "i
tc th"(ngha nh l "qu
thng"), trng 4 ng xung. Kt
qu, en b kp gia, chng c
li g.
4
3
1
2
Hnh bn: sau khi en 1 nh, en
3 chui l nc hay, trng, cng vn
phi nh bt trng 4, lc ny,
en 5 b ln, pht huy sc mnh
rt ln.
5
3 1
2 4
Hnh bn: y l trng i phi (bay
xa) gi gc, en chui sau quay ct
hnh thnh bin ho ny. By gi,
en i tip th no?
151
Hnh bn: en 1 chn xung l
biu hin khng c suy ngh g,
Sau khi trng n 1 qun en, en
khng thu hoch c bao nhiu.
2
4
3
1
Hnh bn: en 1 da cnh l n
chin thut chuyn i, tip sau
n en 7 vn u d, thu li ln.
7
5 4
1
3
2
6

Bi 5: Chin thut gm nng

Khi i phng c th c hnh dng ln, m c lc nhp li c nguy him, chng ta nn
dng chin thut gm nng c th thu nh t i phng mt cch hu hiu. Chin thut
gm nng khng c nhiu kiu lm, thng dng nht ch c 2 loi trn v m vai. Khi
dng chin thut gm nng phi chn im chnh xc, nu chn khng chnh xc th cng gm
t ch cng to.
Hnh di: 5 qun trng gc trn bn phi, to thnh mt chic lng ln, nu en nhp
A th thc nguy him, vy nn ph nh th no?
A

Hnh di: en 1 m vai l la chn chnh xc, en 1, 3 i phng di, sau li nhy
xa, nhanh chng trn ra l cch gm nng thng dng, t y trng khng c cch no to
hnh dng ln na.
4
2
1
5
3


Hnh di: Khi en 3 ko di, trng cng c th qut 4, v sau en 7 bay ra, cng t c
mc ch thu nh t trng.
152
4
6
2
1
5
3
7


Hnh bn: Gc khng lo ca trng
c thm 2 qun hai bin, to thnh
hnh dng ln m tung 2 cnh.
en lm sao gm nng c trng?
Hnh bn: en 1 trn l cch gm
nng thng dng, trng 2 chc,
sau en 3, 5 en 7 nhanh chng bay
ra. Nh vy ph c hnh dng ln
ca trng bin trn.
7
5
1
6
3
2
4
Hnh bn: Khi en 1 trn, trng 2
bay bo v bin trn, en 3 da
xung, 5 ct l cch chuyn i hay
gp, v sau n en 11 cng ph
khng gian ca trng hiu qu.
2
1
11
7
9
3
6
5
4
8
10=5

Hnh di: qun trng hai bn tri phi lin thnh mt mng ln, en c cch no thu nh c
trng?
153


Hnh di: en 1 m vai chn im khng thch hp, trng 2, 4 ko di, sau bay trng
6, gc tri cn ln hn na, en gm nng tht bi.
6
2
4
1
3
5


Hnh di: en 1 trn kh hay, trng 2 bay gi bn tri, en 3 da xung, 5 ct c th
trng, v sau en li c th da A, c en tr thnh rt dy vung trung tm.
2
6
9
8
5
7
1
4
3
11

10=5


154
Chng 16: nh thc v tuyn chn nh thc

Chng ta tng hc qua nh thc sao, chng ny xin ging v nh thc tiu mc, cao
mc, mc ngoi v tam tam.


Bi 1: nh thc treo thp gc tiu mc

Hnh bn: en 1 chim v tr 3-4 gi
l chim tiu mc, trng 2 treo thp,
lc y en c th i A,B,C,D
gip cng trng, cng c th chc
E, m 2 F.
D
C
A
B
2
E
1
F
Hnh bn:en 1 gip cng thp cch
1, l phng php rt kch lit,
trng 2 nhy ln, en 3 bay, tip
theo trng 4 bay trm l phng
php hay dng, n trng 14 b
sung l ht mt giai on.
13
12
11
8
7
4
1
9
10
14
6
2
5
3
Hnh bn: trng 2 u l bin
php t gia cng, chun b tin
cng qun en gi gc, en 5
phng chng trng gip cng, v
sau trng 10 n mt qun thnh c
sng, nh vy c trng sng r
v sau c th chin u vi qun
en khng phi lo.
7
9
8
6
3
10
1
2 4
5
Hnh bn: trng 2 bay ,
qun en di thp, en 3 m
ct l bin php cng rn, v sau
n trng 10, mi bn u c mt
pha, thnh nh thc chia i.
10 1
8
6
4
5
7
3
2
9
Hnh bn: trng 2 phn gip cng, l
bin php coi trng vng bin bn
phi, n en 5, en c gc,
trng c t bin.
1
3
5
2
4
155
Hnh bn: Khi trng nhy ln, en 3
bay ln, trng phn gip cng cng
l cch thng dng, en 5 ko di
l tt nhin, trng 6 , tip theo
n 10 nhy, nh thc tm dng.
10
1
6
9
8
2
5
7
3
4
Hnh bn: Khi en 7 chc nh,
trng 8 b tranh tin th ri n
trng 12 b n 1 qun l cch i coi
trng s linh hot bin trn, nh
th so snh hnh th cc b vn l
chia i.
12 1
6
2
5
8
7
10
3
4
9
11
Hnh bn: en 1 gip cng cao cch
1 cng l phng php gip cng
thng gp, trng 2 bay ln linh
hot, en 3 m 2, lc ny trng c
th gip cng qun en 1, cng c
th thot tin i chim vng khc,
tm thi en cha th cng kch p
o 2 qun trng.
1
2
3
Hnh bn: trng 4 , l mun i
thnh hnh dy, ly th trung tm,
n trng 12 dng, tuy b en ly
ht t gc nhng c trng rt dy,
cng c th dng c.
6
10
1
4
8
9
12
2
7
11
5
3
Hnh bn: trng 4 chui vo tam tam
l phng php chim cn c to
sng, n en 9 tm dng, v sau
trng c th gip cng qun en 1
bin trn, hoc thot tin i chim
vng khc.
1
2
6
3
8
4
7
9
5
156
Hnh bn: en 5 ko di, 7 9 m
ct chin u, qua mt trn kch
chin n en 17 tm dng. Trong
trng 12 l nc bt buc, phng
khi c bin, trng 16 c th i A
l hnh linh hot.
17
A
16
13
1
11
12
7
2
10
14
8
9
6
5
3
15
4
Hnh bn: trng 2 nhy, 4 phn gip
cng cng l cch i hay gp, n
en 13 m bin,2 bn c mt
tng ng.
4
6
1
5
8
7 9
2
10
11
3
12
13
Hnh bn: en 1 gip cng cao cch
2 l phng php rt ph bin,
trng 2 nhy xa linh hot tranh tin
th, chun b gip cng qun en 1
im A, hoc i chim cc im
quan trng khc,
A 1
2
3
Hnh bn: en 3 vt sang l phng
php cn tr tranh tin ca
qun trng, n trng 12 dng, mi
bn c mt pha.
12 1
10
8
6
4
7
9
3
2
11
5
Hnh bn: en 1 nhy ra l coi trng
bin trn, trng 2 nhy xung l
nc hay, n trng 8 n gn 2
qun tm dng.
1
8
4
6
3
5
2
7
157
Hnh bn: trng 2 chui gc mun
to cn c, en 5 nh, trng 6
nh li tt nhin, n trng 10 to
2 h khu, hnh thnh en c gc
trng ly th, vn l chia i.
1
13
12
11
10
7
4
5
2
6
3
8
9=2
Hnh bn: trng 2 chc ln cng rt
hay dng. trng 4 bay gc chim
cn c, en 5 cng m bin, hnh
thnh bin ho thng gp.
1 2
3
4
5
Hnh bn: khi trng 2 chc, en 3
bay xung hng 2 l bin ho mi
xut hin gn y, n 16 n, 2 bn
c mt i th nh nhau.
1 2
12
8
16
3
5
6
7
14
4
10
13
15
9
11
Hnh bn: trng 2 nhy ln l
phng php rt l ph thng, n
en 9 nh thc tm dng, trng c
th thot tin i chim vng khc.
1 8
2
7
3
6
4
9
5
Hnh bn: khi en 1 gip cng,
trng 2 phn gip cng cch 1 cng
l mt loi bin ho, nddd 9,
trng chim t gc, en gi th,
u c nh .
1 4
9
3
5
6 8
7
2
158
Hnh bn: trng 2 phn gip cng
cch 2 l phng php mun tranh
chim bin bn phi. n 3 , trng
4 m, en 5 h khng ch qun
trng, phng php ny xt theo
cc b l en u, nhng trng c
th m 2 bin phi, nu phi hp
c li vi ton cc th cng c th
dng nh thc ny.
1 3
5
2
4
Hnh bn: en 1 gip cng thp
cch 3, l bin php gip cng ch
trng bin trn.
1
Hnh bn: trng 2 chui gc l mun
chim hnh sng, v sau en 7 m 2,
trng c th thot tin. sau ny en
i A, trng B hoc en i B, trng
A, trng u d dng to sng.
1 B
4
6
2
5
7
A
3
Hnh bn: Khi trng 4 h, en 5
nh, khng trng to cn c,
tip theo trng 6 nh li tt nhin,
n trng 12 ko di thnh cc din
trng th th, en tin th c gc
1 12
11
10
7
4
5
2
6
3
8
9=2
Hnh bn: trng 2 nhy xa l phng
php b cc tc nhanh. en 3
m 2, hin thi trng c th thot
tin, cng c th bay A.
1
2
A
3


159
Bi 2: nh thc treo cao gc tiu mc

Hnh bn: Trng treo cao cch 1,
en c th chui A, bay B, gip
cng cng C hoc D, da ngoi
E.
D
C A
2
E
B
1
Hnh bn: en 1 chui, 3 li, v sau
m ra 5, l phng php gi thc
a in hnh. trng ng 2 m 3.
C en mun chim v tr cao hn
c th i en 5 chc A
6 2
4
1 3
A
5
Hnh bn: sau khi en 3 li, trng 4
h l bin php to hnh linh hot,
v sau trng 6 m ra rng hn trc
1 hng.
6
4
2 1 3
5
Hnh bn: en 1 bay ln l cch i
coi trng bin bn phi, trng 2 chui
gc tt nhin, tip theo n trng 6
m, mi bn u c mt phn.
6 4
1
2 3
5
Hnh bn: en 1 gip cng thp
cch 1 hy vng chim c bin
pha trn, trng 2 chui gc, tranh
ot cn c a, n en 15, thnh
th chia i.
13
1
15
8
6
7
14
11
5 3
4
9
2
12
10
Hnh bn: Khi trng 6 khot, en 7
nh bt pha di cng l mt
loi bin ha. Ch , bn trng phi
bt trng 8 ri ni trng 10, nu
ni ngay trng 10, en 9 v trr
trng 9 ko ra, trng bt li.
15 1
14
7
6
10
5
11
3
4
2
8
13
9
12
Hnh bn: en da ngoi cng l
cch i coi trng bin bn phi, en
en 7, en chim thc a, trng
tin th gi th, u c th va .
4
6
2
7
5
1 3
160
Hnh bn: en 1 gip cng cao cch
2 l phng php rt ph bin hin
nay, tip theo trng c th nhy
A, bay xa B.
1
A
B
Hnh bn: Trng 2,4 nhy lin tc,
bn en c li v thc a, nhng
trng c th tranh tin th gip cng
qun en pha trn, hoc thot tin
i chim cc im quan trng khc.
1
2
4
3
5
Hnh bn: Trng 2 nhy xa l
phng php tranh tin th, en 3
m 2 chc chn, c th m 1 im
A, chun b dng ct c trng.
1
2
A
3
Hnh bn: Trng 2 bay xa l nh
thc rt ph bin, en 3 vt ra, v
sau n en 13 m, mi bn u
c mt hng. Trong , en 11
c th i A, th trng 12 nn h
B.
1
B
4
10
3
5
11
12
6
2
8
9
7
13
A
Hnh bn: en m u cng l mt
kiu bin ha, en 3, 5 tt nhin,
tip sau n en 14 m, 2 bn c
mt nh nhau.
14 12
8
10
4
5
9
11
6
3
2
13
7
1
Hnh bn: Khi en 1 chui, trng 2, 4
chn xung, gi l hnh tuyt l,
v sau en c th ko ra a, b
B, C, ni D.
A
B
1 3
2
D
4 C
161
Hnh bn: Khi trng 4 b, en 5 ko
di l cch i rt ph thng, trng 6
nh bt, 8 h tm kt thc nh
thc. Trong bin ha ny, trng 6
nu ko di A, en b ln B gi
l Tuyt l ln, v bin ha ny rt
phc tp nn ta tm lc b cha
hc n.
B
5
A
1 3
2
8
7
4
6
Hnh bn: en 1 b ln gi l bin
ha tuyt l nh, tri qua chin
u kch lit, n trng 14 th hai
bn bng nhau.
14
8
1
12 10
11
9
6
13
4
2
7
3
5
Hnh bn: en 1 ni l cch i gi
chc t gc, trng 2 ko ra, sau khi
i en 3, 5 bn en c th thot tin
i chim ni quan trng khc.
2
1
4
6
3
5

Bi 3: nh thc mc ngoi

Hnh bn: en 1 chim im (3,5)
gi l mc ngoi, ch trng
pht trin v bin bn phi, trng c
th treo gc A, B, C.
B
A C
1
Hnh bn: Trng 2 treo gc im
tiu mc, en 3 bay l phng
php c th ngh n u tin, tip
n, 5 ko di, 7 m l nh thc c
in th nht.
6
5
4
3
2
1
7
Hnh bn: en 1 chui tam tam (im
3,3) tranh ot t gc, trng 2 ni
ch ct, sau li m ra, hai bn u
tr thnh hnh c an nh.
4 2 1
3
162
Hnh bn: en 1 gip cng cch 1
cht ch, trng 2 dng ln l cch
ph thng, n trng 8 th en c
gc, trng c bin.
8 1 6
4 2
3
7
5
Hnh bn: Khi en 1 gip cng,
trng 2 chc ra cng l mt kiu,
n trng 18, nh thc tm dng.
1
3
5
2
10
4
12
16
18
11
9
6
8
15
14
7
13
17
Hnh bn: en 1 gip cng cch 2
cng l cch thng gp, trng 2
chc ln en 3 bay, n en 7 m
bin l bin ha rt ph thng.
1
2
5
3
4
7
6
Hnh bn: en 1 bay xa gi l nh
thc Hnh nghing ln, c bin
ha rt phc tp c th ni l hnh
nghing c nghn bin. Tm thi
chng ta hc 2 loi bin ha in
hnh. Trng 2 dng ln, en 3 khot
khiu chin, sau trng 4 bt ri
ni bn ngoi, l cch ly th r
rng, tip theo en 13 nhy ra, en
c thc a, trng c ngoi th v
tin th.
10
8
1
12
9
7
4
6
11
3
2
5
13
Hnh bn: Trng 6 ni di, en 7
nh bt, trng 8 chy ra, pht sinh
xung t chnh din gia hai bn,
n trng 18 l bin ha in hnh
ca nh thc Hnh nghing ln.
16
12
15
17
10
1
11
6
4
7
3
2
8
14
18
9
5
13


163
Bi 4: nh thc cao mc

Hnh bn: en 1 chim im 5,4 gi
l cao mc, mun gi th, v
vy pht sinh nh thc cao
mc.Trng thng treo gc ti tiu
mc, en 3 chui tam tam, v sau 5
li, 7 m tm thi kt thc nh
thc. Sau y trng c th bay ln
A, cng c th thot tin, nu trng
thot tin, en i B c th cng
kch c trng.
7
1
5
A
3
2
B
4
6
Hnh bn: en 1 bay l phng
php dng gi th, v sau trng
2 chui, en 3 b, n trng 6, en
gi th, trng c t gc. nu
trng 6 khng bay th en bay
xung im A l tin th.
5
3 2 4
1
A
6
Hnh bn: en 1 m u, 3 ct, l
dng bin php th qun ginh th,
den bin n trng 14, nh thc
hon thnh.
13
9
15
14
11 10
2
1
12
5
3
7
6
4
8
Hnh bn: en 1 b xung khiu
chin, tri qua mt trn kch chin,
n en 31 tm ngng, hai bn c
mt nh nhau.
16
18
20
19
21
17
10
9
8
27
7
11
25
26
31
1
2
24
15
13
3
22
14
23
5
4
6
28
29
12
30
Hnh bn: en 1 da ngoi l cch
i thng gp, trng 4 cn phi b
ln, nu ko di en 7, th c
trng v tr qu thp, tip theo en 5
ct, en 7 bt li, en 9 vn u d
n qun trng ngoi, nh thc
tm dng.
3 1
4
9
6
5
2
7
8
Hnh bn: en 1 ct bn ngoi, mc
ch l n qun trng trong gc, sau
, en 3 b, 5 n 1 qun trng,
trng 6 ko ln rt quan trng,
khng th b qua, v nh th tm
gia cng bn mnh, v sau cn c
nc quan t rt ln im A.
5 A
3
1
2
4
164

Bi 5: nh thc tam tam

Hnh bn: en 1 chim tam tam,
mc ch gi t gc lm c s, v
sau li pht trin ra ngoi, Sau trng
c th trng gc A, B, C.
C B A
1
Hnh bn: Trng 2 gi l tim
xung, mc ch qun en v
tr thp, trng chim th trung
tm, tip theo en 5, 7 li bay gi
t, trng 6, 8 ot th.
6
5
2
4
8
1
3
7
Hnh bn: en 3 b, 5 ko di l
nh thc thng gp, n en 9
tm dng, vn l mt bn gi dt,
mt bn gi th, nu coi trng bin
trn hn, en 9 c th nhy ra A..
A
8
4
3
2
6
1
5
7
9
Hnh bn: Trng 2 bay gn treo gc
cng l cch i thng gp, en 3
cng bay ln, n trng 8 m bin,
hnh th cng l chia i.
8
2
4
6
3
5
7
1
Hnh bn: trng 2 bay xa treo gc l
cch i ph thng nht, en 3 bay
xa, trng 4 m, en 5 cng m, v
sau c im A l yu im to
hnh dng ln ca c hai bn.
4
2
A 3
1
5

Bi 6: Tuyn chn nh thc

Tuy tri qua nghin cu v nhin ln th nghim thc chin, nh thc mi hnh thnh. Nhng
vn c l thin bin vn ho, v th dng nh thc cn cn c tnh hung c th ca tng vn
c m tuyn chn nh thc thch hp, mi c th i thnh th c p.
Hnh di: Trng gip cng thp cch 1, en tuyn chn nh thc nh th no?
165

Hnh di; en 1 nhy ln, en 3 bay trm, tuyn chn nh thc chnh xc, v sau en 13 ni
ch ct, qun en chim im p cng kch c trng, en c li.
12
9
8
7
6
3 10
11
13
5
1
4
2

Hnh di: y l hnh pht sinh sau khi en chim tiu mc, trng bay gn treo gc, en gip
cng cch 2 v sau bn en nn tuyn chn phng n nh th no?


Hnh di: en 1 phn gip cng cch 2 gc sau li nhy ra bng
en 3, en 1 v 3 phi hp cc tt, sau n trng 10 n 2 qun en, c en bin trn v bin
bn phi ryt hon chnh, nh vy c en c li hn, v sau nu en chim c im A l rt
ln.
2
1
3
A
10
6
8
5
7
4
9

Hnh di: Trng bay gn treo gc, en nn gip cng qun trng nh th no?
166


Hnh di: en 1 gip cng thp cch 3 kim m bin l chnh xc, nht c lng tin.
1


Hnh di: Qun trng gip cng cch 3 i vi qun en bn gc phi, en c th ng
chin nh th no cho tch cc?


Hnh di: en 1 nhy xa, tranh tin th en 3 gip cng qun trng l cch i tch cc, nh
th va cng kch qun trng, va m rng t mnh, kt qu rt va .
3
1
2


Hnh di: gc trn bn phi, en bay gn treo gc, trng bay gn , gc trn bn tri trng
dng gip cng cao cch 2 cng kch qun en treo gc, en nn tuyn chn bin ha no cho
tt?
167


Hnh di: en 1, 3 nhy hai ln lin, v sau bay xa v tr qun en 5, nh vy, va gia
cng qun en gc bn phi, li cng kch qun trng, rt l tng.
2
4
1
3
6
7
5

Hnh di: gc phi qun trng gi thc a, en tuyn chn nh thc nh th no?


Hnh di: en 1 h, trng 2 m, by gi en 3 m bin, li gip cng qun trng bn tri, tc
rt nhanh.
3
1
2


Hnh di: Cn c vo v tr qun hai bn gc phi, en tuyn chn nh thc gc tri nh
th no?
168

Hnh di: en 1 bay lmn phng hng chnh xc, v sau en 7 bay xa, en hnh thnh hnh
dng ln bin trn, sau li c th bay im A, tip tc khuych i hnh dng.
3
2
4
6
5
A
1 7


Hnh di: Gc tri trng chui, en nn tuyn chn nh thc no?

Hnh di: en 1 ko di, 3 b l tuyn chn nh thc chnh xc, sau khi en 7 h, en phi
hp tt c hai bn tri phi, to thnh hnh dng ln
6
2
4
5
1
3
7



169
Chng 17: B cc
Chi c Vy cng nh nh gy i quyn, u tin l tranh chim im quan trng, b tr trn
a, giai on ny gi l b cc.

Bi 1: Tri thc thng thng v b cc.

1. Tc cn nhanh
Hnh di : Hai bn i tt c 18 qun c, bn no c li hn ? Rt r l c trng b cc tc
nhanh, khng ch t ln. C en nu xt theo cc b th cng khng c hnh xu, nhng tng
th r rng chm chp, khng ch t nh, c trng b cc u th, th th bn en i nhng
qun no khng chnh xc ?Ta s phn tch qua 2 hnh tip theo.
6
17
7
2
15
3
13
12
10
14
11
16
5
4
1
9
8

Hnh di : Gc v u (khng lo) pha trn bn phi ca bn en c phng hng pht
trin ch yu bn phi, en 1, 3 to thnh hnh dng ln bn phi rt ch ng, Vy hnh
trc, en 7 l nc sai khng chim c yu im ca ton cc.
2
3
1


170
Hnh di : en 9 cng l nc sai b trng 8, 10, 12 chim ht cc yu im, trong hnh ny
en 1 treo gc, 3 m bin, c th to hnh dng ln pha di.
3
1
2

2. Cn tranh th to thnnh hnh hp, trnh b i phng xung thp.
Hnh di : en i trc nn i nh th no ? Trng i trc nn i nh th no ?


Hnh di : en i trc bay l tt nhin, sau khi en 3 ko di, li nhy v tr qun en 5,
to nn hnh dng ln l hnh hp ch nht rt l tng.
5 1
3
2
4


Hnh di : Trng i trc trnh b en xung v tr thp, chc ln trng 1 l rt cn thit,
v sau cn c tnh hung c th bay im A, cng c th nhp B.
B
A
1

Hnh di: en 1 treo gc im tiu mc c ng khng? Khng ng!
171
1


Hnh di : Trng 2, 4, 6, 8 c en xung thp, c en cc qun khng c hng pht trin
(khng c tim nng). Tuyt i khng th i nh th.
3
2 4
5
12
13 11 9
10 8
7
6
1


Hnh di : en 1 treo cao m c tt hn, trng 2 bay xung chim gc, en 3 chn, en 5
m 3. V pha trn bn phi, qun en v tr cao nn gc tri khng s b qun trng bay .
5
3
1
4
2

3. Ch tranh chim im quan trng ca c hai bn.
Hnh di : en i trc nn i nh th no ? Trng i trc nn i nh th no ?


Hnh di : en 1 l v tr m hai bn u rt mong chim c gi l ai trng (vng ln),
trng 2 ch c th m 3, en 3 nhy ln to thnh hnh ch nht l tng. Trng 2 m 3 tuy
cng ln, nhng so ra cn cha . en 1 nu t ch khc, th trng lp tc cp chim v
tr qun en 1, cc din hon ton ngc li.
2 1
3


172
Hnh di : gc tri trn, im no l quan trng ?


Hnh di : en 1 nhy ln l yu im lin quan n s pht trin ca c hai bn, en 1 nhy
xong, gia cng hnh dng ln bin trn ca qun en, ng thi c trng, sau c th
nhp im A. Nu b qun trng chim mt im 1, th tnh hung cng li tng phn, trng
c th nhp c en im B.
A
1
B


Hnh bn: Trong hnh ny khng c
ch no l i trng, hai bn nn i
th no?
Hnh bn : en 1 chn tam tam l
im quan trng lin quan n cn
c a ca c hai bn, sau th t
trong gc thuc v bn en bn
en tr thnh an nh, 3 qun trng
thnh ra tri ni khng c cn c d
b cng kch. nu trng i trc
cng chim dim tam tam ( 3,3) th
tnh th hon ton o ngc, lc
4 qun en li b cng kch.
1

173
Bi 2: Cc phng php b cc thng gp.

1. Tiu mc an ci hnh song song.
Hnh di : en 1, 3 l 2 tiu mc an xen, en 5 lp g, loi b cc ny gi l b cc tiu
mc an ci hnh song song. c im l bn en ch trng thc a, dng bin php vng
chc, d khng ch cc din. Rt ph bin trong nhng nm 50, 60 ca th k ny.
2
4
5
3
1

Hnh di : Trng 6 treo thp, en dng gip cng cao cch 2, tip theo n, en 13 l bin
php rt ph bin, v sau trng cn c theo s trng m cng kch qun en 13, cng c th
i A gip cng qun en 7, hoc di B chia gi.
13
12
2
4 11
9
5
7
8
3
1
B
A
6
10

174
Hnh di : Trng 6 treo cao cch 1 l phng php thng dng khi treo gc. en 7 chui gi
ly thc a, n trng 12 m bin l bin ha ph thng, trong tnh th ny, en chim nhiu
dt hn, d dng tip chin, nhng trng 12 m lai c th gii hn s pht trin ca gc
khng lo pha trn ca bn en , v th, trng c th va . en 13 m 2 rt ln, tm
khuych i gc tre4n bn phi, li chun b nhp c trng im A. Sau en 15, trng c
th gip cng qun en 15, cng c th nhy ln b, phng chng en vo A.
15
14
2
4 11
5
B
10
6
3
1
13
12
A
8
7
9

Hnh di : i vi trng 6 treo gc, en 7 dng gip cng cao cch 2, l bin php rt ph
bin nhng nm gn y. Trng 8 bay xa, v sau en 19 m l nh thc thng gp. V sau
trng c th quay v gi gc tri trn, cng c th to Trung Quc lu (bi sau s gii thiu
th trn ny) A, li c th nhp trn a bn en B.
2
A
4
19
15
8
14
11
13
5
10
9
17
7
6
12
3
1
B
16
18

175
2. B cc tam lin tinh
Hnh di : en 1, 3, 5 chim 3 v tr sao bin phi, gi l tam lin tinh (chim 3 sao lin),
kiu b cc ny hon ton khc vi kiu b cc tiu mc an ci m chng ta va xem qua.
T tng ch o ca n l coi trng tc nhanh, tch cc gi th v to hnh dng ln.
Kiu b cc ny rt ph bin.
2
4
1
5
3

Hnh di : Khi trng 6 treo gc, en 7 khng m i chim sao bin l vng ln, tip tc
khuych i trn a bn en. Trng 8 im tam tam gi t gc, en 9 chn xong li bay ln
en 13, to hnh hng trng, bt buc bn trng phi nhp, t cng kch c trng ginh
quyn ch ng.
2
4
7
13
6
11
12
1
5
3
10
9
8

176
Hnh di : Khi trng 6 treo gc, en 7 dng gip cng thp cch 1 cng l phng php gip
cng hay s dng, Trng 8 dfim tam tam, n en 13 kho ngoi l nh thc sao ph thng ,
Nh vy, c en tip tc khuych i hnh dng ln bin bn phi, trng 14 tin th hn ch
s pht trin ca c en . V th, hnh ny hai bn u c th chp nhn. Nu trng 14 treo
gc A, th en trn p B, trng bt li.
2
4
14
7
13
A
B
6
12
11
1
5
3
10
9
8

3. B cc Trung Quc lu (kiu Trung Quc)
Hnh di : 3 qun en 1, 3, 5 to thnh th trn Trung quc lu cao, c trng ly nh lin
tinh bn tri i khng, kiu bc cc ny trc y rt ph bin. c im ca b cc ny
l tc nhanh, d to hnh dng ln, v c qun en 5 nn bn trng kh c th treo gc
pha trong m thng hn ch en pht trin hnh dng theo hai bin trn v di.
4
2
1
5
3

177
Hnh di : Trng 6 treo gc, hn ch s pht trin ca qun en v tr sao, ng thi t
mnh to nn hnh dng. en 9 khuych trng hnh dng bin di. Trng 10 bay gn l
nc chc chn, gi t, nu b qun en chim c ch th th lc bn en cng ln. v
th trng 10 cng khng th treo gc v tr A.
4
2
10
8
9
6
1
7
5
A
3

Hnh di : Trng treo gc, en 1 bay ln, trng trng 2, 4, 6 ch c th m 1 to sng, nu
trng 6 i A, th en b bay xung tuyt ho. V sau en 7 treo gc, en 9 chia gi, r rng
b iu b cc bn en rt nhanh.
9
8
7
1
6 A
4
2
3
B
5

178
Hnh di : Khi en 1 bay ln, trng c th dng th on chuyn hng m i cc qun
trng 2, 4, 6, v sau trng 14 tin vo phn t pha trn ca bn en, c trng chuyn hng
thnh cng.
3
13
12
2
1
11
7
6
10
8
4
5
14
9

Hnh di : trnh bin ho nh hnh trn, en c th chc xung nh en 1, v sau n
trng 6, en c th la chn hoc treo gc A, hc chia gi B, tip tc chin u.
B
A
2
5
6
4
3 1

179
Hnh di : Trng 6 chim c vng ln bin di l cch i hay dng, en 7 chim vng ln
bin trn t t nhin, v 2 qun en 1 v 5 xa nha qua 1 hng, trng 8 treo gc chnh xc tip
theo n trng 12 m 2, i th din bin nh vy, trng 12 nu m 2 A, en bay B tuyt
ho, v vy trng chn m cao cch 2, tip theo en c th bay xa C m khuych trng,
gc di phi, cng c th chuyn hng i treo gc hoc chia gi bin bn tri.
4
2
7
6
11 1
10
12
5
3
9
8
A
B


Bi tp tng hp 6
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

180
6.


7.

8.

181
9.

10.

11.

12.

182
13.

14.

15.

16.

183
17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

184
22.
23.


24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

185
30.

31.

32.


Gii bi tp tng hp 6
1.
1

2.
1
3 2


3.
3
1
2

186
4.
2
1
4
3
5.
5
2
3
4
1

6.
1

7.
1

187
8.
1

9.
1

10.
3
1
2

188
11.
1

12.
3
1
2

13.
1

189
14.
1

15.
1

16.
1

17.
4
1
3
2
5

18.
2
1
3

190
19.
11
9 8
1
10
2
3
5
7
4
6

20.
2
1
4
3
6
5
9
8
7

21.
4
3
1
8
2
6
5
7
9

22.
2
1
5 3
4
23.
5
3 2
4
1

24.
4
5
2
1
3

25.
5
3
6
7
1
2
4
8

191
26.
1
3
2

27.
2
1
3

28.
10
6
8
9
1
7
2
3
4
11
5

29.
A
1
2
5 3
4

30.
A 1

31.
1

192
32.
A 1