You are on page 1of 10

1) Phn bit in p dy v in p pha

2)vit cng thc P tc dng,P phn khng,P biu kin trong mng xoay chiu 1
pha v 3 pha
3)in k o in nng phn khng khc j vi in k o in nng tc
dng,cng dng ca in k o in nng phn khng?
4)Vic la chn dy chy cho cu ch phi tha mn nhng iu kin no?
5)TU v TI -cn lu nhng j khi lp t TU v TI,Cho bit cc thng s k
thut chnh ca TU v TI?
Cu 1:
Trnh by iu kin cho php MBA vn hnh vi in p cao hn in p nh
mc? Vi ch vn hnh hin ti ca li in hin nay th in p nh th
no? Ph ti cho php ca MBA nh th no?
Tr li:
a) Cho php my bin p vn hnh vi in p cao hn in p nh mc ca
nc ang vn hnh:
- Lu di 5% khi ph ti nh mc v 10% khi ph ti25% ph ti nh mc.
- Ngn hn (6h/ngy) 10% vi ph ti khng qu nh mc.
b) Ch vn hnh hin nay th in p thanh ci 22kV gi mc 23.1kV do
cc MBA phn phi c in p nh mc pha s cp 12.7/22kV (NC nc
3) ang vn hnh qu p lu di 5%.
c) Cc MBA trn ch c php vn hnh n ph ti nh mc.

Cu 2:
iu kin vn hnh song song cc my bin p? Gii thch tng iu kin?
Tr li:
a) My bin p c php lm vic song song vi cc iu kin sau :
- T u dy ging nhau.
- T s bin p bng nhau hoc chnh lch khng qu0.5%.
- in p ngn mch chnh lch khng qu10%.
- Hon ton ng v pha.
b) Gii thch: i vi cc MBA khi u vn hnh song song th cc pha tng
ng pha s cp phi u ni tng ng vi li pha s cp, lc :
khng lch pha nhau, gi tr khng lch qu qun gia cc MBA gy s
c).qu 0.5% (khng xut hin dng- T u dy ging nhau, t s bin p
bng nhau hoc chnh lch khng 0.5%, hon ton ng v pha: in p pha
th cp gia cc MBA
- in p ngn mch chnh lch khng qu10%: mc mang ti gia cc
MBA khng lch nhau qu 10%.

Cu 3:
Nguyn l lm vic ca recloser? Phm vi s dng? Cch thao tc?
Tr li:
a) Nguyn l lm vic ca recloser nh sau: khi dng in chy qua recloser
vt qu gi tr ci t, recloser s tc ng, c lp cc ph ti sau n trong
khong thi gian tr hon v sau s t ng li. Tuy nhin, sau mt s ln
ng li m gi tr dng vn vt gi tr ci t th n s t c lp hon ton cc
ph ti.
b) Phm vi s dng
- S dng ng, ct cc ph ti v dng ti ng ct phi khng vt qu
dng nh mc ca n.
- Gii tr cc s c thong qua v c lp s c vnh cu bng cch phi chc
nng t ng li v lockout.
- Thit k i km vi DS hoc LTD to khong cch nhn thy phc v cho
cng tc sa cha, bo tr li in.
c) Cch thao tc:
- Bng tay: thao tc ng ct thc hin ti t iu khin, khi cn thit c th ct
bng so thao tc t cn ct bng tay trn my ct (tuy nhin khng th ng li
c bng so).
- T ng: khi dng ti qua recloser vt qu gi tr ci t, recloser t ng ct
v t ng ng li theo lp trnh ci t sn.

Cu 4:
Li ch ca LBS so vi DS? Khi thao tc ct LBS th ng dy c th xem
nh l c lp c cha?
Tr li:
a) Li ch ca LBS so vi DS :
- C th thao tc ng ct dng ti trong khi DS ch ng ct dng khng ti.
- C th ng ct khi hai u ng dy khng ng p, DS ch ng ct
mch ng p.
b) Khi thao tc ct LBS th ng dy vn c xem nh l cha c c
lp v tip im LBS l tip im khng nhn thy.

Cu 5:
Cho bit trnh t c lp v ti lp my ct c DS cch ly 2 pha?
Tr li:
a) Trnh t c lp :
- Ct MC.
- Ct DS cch ly 2 pha.
b) Trnh t ti lp :
- ng DS cch ly 2 pha.
- ng MC.

Cu 6:
T b trn li in phn phi c cng dng g? Ti sao khi lp t b vi dung
lng ph hp th gim c TTN? T b trn li phn phi thuc loi b
no? Nu phn theo cch iu khin gm my loi?
Tr li:
a) T b l thit b pht ra cng sut phn khng b vo cng sut phn
khng do ti tiu th trn li, nh iu chnh c in p, nng cao c
h s cng sut v gim tn tht in nng trn li.
b) T b lp t vi cng sut ph hp th ton b cng sut ca t b pht ra s
thay th cho lng cng sut ca ngun do on ng dy t ngun n v
tr m ph ti nhn cng sut phn khng ca t b s gim mt lng cng sut
chuyn ti bng vi cng sut ca t v tng ng s gim tn tht in nng
chuyn ti lng cng sut ny.
c) T b trn li phn phi thuc loi b ngang, nu phn theo cch iu khin
gm c hai loi: T b tnh v t b ng ng.
Cu 7:
Tc dng ca vic lp LA trn li in phn phi? Gii thch ngha ca k
hiu MCOV ghi trn nhn ca LA? Li 22kV s chn LA c c tnh nh th
no?
Tr li:
a) Chng qu in p do xung st lan truyn trn ng dy; chng qu in p
do ng ct thit b hoc trng thi qu khc ca li.
b) MCOV (kV): in p lm vic lin tc ln nht ca LA (MCOV: Maximum
Continuous Operating Voltage), n v l kV
c) Li 22kV chn LA c c tnh nh sau:
- Um: 18kV.
- MCOV: 15,3kV.
- Class: 1.
- Ix nng lng: 10kA.

Cu 8:
Hy lit k nhm thit b c mc ch ci thin cht lng p? Nhm c mc
ch bo v s c.
Tr li:
a) Nhm thit b ci thin cht lng in p.
- T b.
- AVR (my iu p trung th).
b) Nhm thit b bo v s c.
- Aptomat.
- FCO, LBFCO.
- Recloser.
- My ct (kt hp vi h thng r le bo v).

Cu 9:
Ch qu ti ngn hn cho php ca my bin p nh p no khi c s c?
Tr li
- Nu c quy nh c th ca nh sn xut th thc theo quy nh, cc trng
hp cn li khi c s c my bin p c php qu ti ngn hn theo bng sau:

Qu ti theo dng in, % 30 45 60 75 100
Thi gian qu ti, pht 120 80 45 20 10

Cu 10:
B iu p di ti cc tc dng g, c lp t u?
Tr li:
a) B iu p di ti (OLTC) c tc dng iu chnh in p pha th cp ca
MBT trong phm vi cho php khi my bin th ang mang ti.
b) OLTC c lp t pha cun s cp (cun cao) ca MBT.



Cu 11:
Hy cho bit nh hng ca vic my bin p lm vic khng i xng khi ti
phn b khng u?
Tr li:
- My bin p lm vic khng i xng khi ti phn b khng u cho ba pha.
Khi dng in khng bng nhau cc pha gy nh hng xu n tnh trng
lm vic bnh thng ca my bin p nh in p pha v dy s khng i
xng, tn hao ph trong dy qun v li thp tng ln, chnh lch nhit ca
my vt qu quy nh.

Cu 12:
iu kin cn thit thc hin ng kt vng h 2 pht tuyn trung th? iu
kin cn thit thc hin kt vng kn 2 pht tuyn trung th?
Tr li:
a) iu kin cn thit thc hin ng kt vng h
- Phi s dng thit b ng ct c ti c dng nh mc ph hp.
- 2 pht tuyn phi cng cp in p vn hnh.
- im u ni kt vng phi m bo 2 pht tuyn cng th t pha.
b) iu kin cn thit thc hin kt vng ng th
- Phi s dng thit b ng ct c ti c dng nh mc ph hp.
- 2 pht tuyn phi cng cp in p vn hnh.
- im u ni kt vng phi m bo 2 pht tuyn cng ng v pha.
- Gc lch pha gia 2 im ha: 30o.
- Chnh lch tn s gia 2 im ha: f 0.25Hz.
- Chnh lch in p gia 2 im ha: U 10%.

Cu 13:
Kim tra nh k m ng dy trung th ch yu ni dung g?
Tr li:
- Pht nhit cc mi ni.
- Phng in, r in.
- Cc nguy c v hin tng bt thng xy ra.

Cu 14:
My bin th 3 pha c t u dy Dyn11 ni t s trung tnh h th c tc
dng?
Tr li:
- m bo in p pha t gi tr ng thit k.
- m bo my vn hnh an ton.

Cu 15:
Trm bin th 3 pha gm t hp 3 my bin th 1 pha c t u dy Ynyn0, khi
1 my b s c th c th cung cp in bnh thng cho cc khch hng 1 pha
thuc 2 pha cn li khng? Ti sao?
Tr li:
C th cung cp in bnh thng cho cc khch hng 1 pha thuc 2 pha cn li
do i vi khch hng 1 pha th ngun cung cp in thuc tng my c lp
khng b nh hng bi cc my cn li.

Cu 16:
Cng dng ca bin dng in (TI)? Trong bin dng cun dy c cp chnh
xc 0.5 s dng cho mc ch g, cun dy c cp chnh xc 5P20 s dng cho
mc ch g?
Tr li:
- Cng dng ca bin dng in (TI): bin i gi tr dng in trong mch s
cp c gi tr ln v gi tr danh nh ca mch th cp phc v cho cng tc
o lng cc i lng in (cp danh nh mch th cp thng l 1A hoc
5A).
- Cun dy c cp chnh xc 0.5 (CL 0.5): s dng cho mch th cp thc hin
chc nng o m in nng.
- Cun dy c cp chnh xc 5P20 (CL 5P20): s dng cho mch th cp thc
hin chc nng bo v r le.
- Cu 17:
Cng dng ca bin in p TU?
Tr li:
Bin in p (TU) dng bin i gi tr in p ca li ang vn hnh v
gi tr danh nh ca mch th cp phc v cho cng tc o lng cc i
lng in hoc cp tn hiu in p cho h thng r le bo v.
V l thuyt th MBA, TU, TI tng i ging nhau v cu to v nguyn l
lm vic (chng th m gi l MBA lc v MBA o lng), MBA th c th
lm vic bnh thng c cc ch : Khng ti, non ti, y ti, qu ti (c
h s qu ti v thi gian quy inh) nhng TU li lm vic bnh thng ch
h mch v TI lm vic bnh thng ch ngn mch?
xem tit din v s vng dy qun ca TU v TI th bc bit ri
A/ My bin p o lng - bin in p TU

Cu to th TU v TI l tng t nh my bin p thng thng gm mch t
trn c qun cun s cp v th cp. Cun s ni ti mch c in p cn o,
th th ni ti vn k, hoc cun nhn tn hiu ca cc thit b o c hin th s
hin nay...
m bo an ton th cun th lun ni t.
V dng ti cun th cc nh nn c th ni l TU lm vic trng thi h
mch ( khng ti ).
in p nh mc cun th thng n nh l 100V bt k u vo l cp p
no. 10 KV/100V or 35 KV/100V.
V vy lu khi lp TU l phi c cu ch v ni t cho v thit b.
DKH

B/ My bin p o lng - bin dng in TI

Tng t cng vn l mt mch t, cun s cp t 1 vng n vi vng, cun
th th nhiu vng hn v u vo ampe k hoc cc thit b hin th s... Cun
th cng c ni t.
V tr khng ampe k c gi tr nh nn bin dng lun lun lm vic trong
trng thi gn ngn mch, t thng qua mch t rt nh, trong trng hp b h
mch tng thng tng ln d lm hng mch t, ng thi in p th cp tng
cao gy h hng thit b o lng v th
Vi TI khng c lm h mch cng nh t cu ch bo v
- TU th dng s cp b nn t thng sinh ra trong mch t t, v vy c th hot
ng ch h mch.
Cn TI th dng s cp ln nn khi hot ng ch h mch t thng sinh ra
ln, lm hng mch t, v vy n phi c ngn mch li nu ko c gn vo
thit b o dng cn bng lng t thng trong mch t.
- A/ My bin p o lng - bin in p TU

Cu to th TU v TI l tng t nh my bin p thng thng gm mch t
trn c qun cun s cp v th cp. Cun s ni ti mch c in p cn o,
th th ni ti vn k, hoc cun nhn tn hiu ca cc thit b o c hin th s
hin nay...
m bo an ton th cun th lun ni t.
V dng ti cun th cc nh nn c th ni l TU lm vic trng thi h
mch ( khng ti ).
in p nh mc cun th thng n nh l 100V bt k u vo l cp p
no. 10 KV/100V or 35 KV/100V.
V vy lu khi lp TU l phi c cu ch v ni t cho v thit b.
DKH



B/ My bin p o lng - bin dng in TI

Tng t cng vn l mt mch t, cun s cp t 1 vng n vi vng, cun
th th nhiu vng hn v u vo ampe k hoc cc thit b hin th s... Cun
th cng c ni t.
V tr khng ampe k c gi tr nh nn bin dng lun lun lm vic trong
trng thi gn ngn mch, t thng qua mch t rt nh, trong trng hp b h
mch tng thng tng ln d lm hng mch t, ng thi in p th cp tng
cao gy h hng thit b o lng v th
Vi TI khng c lm h mch cng nh t cu ch bo v
- TU th dng s cp b nn t thng sinh ra trong mch t t, v vy c th hot
ng ch h mch.
Cn TI th dng s cp ln nn khi hot ng ch h mch t thng sinh ra
ln, lm hng mch t, v vy n phi c ngn mch li nu ko c gn vo
thit b o dng cn bng lng t thng trong mch t.
theo em hiu l vy, ko bit c chnh xc ko? nu c g sai mong bc b qua.
hehe
Khng phi nh vy u pc i.

T thng ca mt my bin p ch yu ph thuc vo in p. dng in li ph
thuc ti. V th my bin in p h mch s mang ti t nht (=0). Ngn mch
s b qu dng.

Ngc li, my bin dng mc ni tip vi mch in nht th, nn dng in
s cp ca n khng ph thuc ti bn th cp, m ph thuc ch yu vo mch
nht th. Nu c dng th cp, th 2 dng ny ngc nhau s trit h ln nhau,
v t thng tng khi cn rt b. nu khng c dng th cp, th ton b dng
s cp s t ha li t.

Nhng li t rt kh h, m ch b bo ha. T thng s c dng hnh thang. V
mi cnh ln xung ca hnh thang s to ra xung in p rt cao trong mch
th cp, lm cho hng cch in ca mch th cp.

C th, 1 ci TI trong trm 110 kV, t s 600/5, khi l tay lm h mch bin
dng, n gy ra tia la di khong 4cm bn mch th cp, ngay khi dng ch be
b.
- theo em thy thc t ci TI n c s cp l chnh dy dn dng in m mnh
cn , th cp n qun rt nhiu vng dy tit din nh hn nhiu so vi s
cp. So snh tng i vi s vng dy bn s cp( 1 vng) th n kh ln. v
n l my bin p nn ta c:
n1/n2 = u1/u2( n1, u1 l s vng dy, in p s cp; n2, u2 l s vng dy,
in p bn th cp) . t cng thc trn ta thy u2 = (n2 * u1)/ n1 c gi tr rt
ln, in p ny nu ko c ti s lm cch in ca dy qun b nh thng v
qu p >>chp cc vng dy>>>chy xo>>h TI.

Khi c ti ( ngn mch th cp, hay ni ti no vo) th th cp kn mch,
sinh dng in, dng ny li sinh t thng c tc dng chng li/lm suy yu/
lm gim ln ca t thng s cp v to thnh t thng tng gy sc in
ng trn cun th cp. sdd ny nh nn TI khi c ti s chy bnh thng.
- V li t b bo ha, pc .

Khi c dng th cp, th ta c:

I1n1 = I2n2.
Thc ra nu cng vecto th:

I1n1 + I2n2 =I0.

y, I0 l t thng tng ca li thp, to t trng v sc in ng cm
ng nhm sinh ra dng th cp. Thng thng I0 rt b. Vi bin dng c sai s
0,5%, th I0 khong bng 0,5% I1.

Ngi ta s thit k my bin dng sao cho khi I0 tng gp 10 ln th bin dng
mi i vo bo ha.

Nhng khi h mch bin dng, th I2 =0. Khi I1 = I0.

Ngha l I0 tng ln n 200 ln, gp 20 ln tr s bo ha.

Khi dng in I0 th hnh sin, nhng t thng th b xn u, v thnh hnh
thang.
- TI m khng ni t th cp th h thng tan d hon ton bn .Vi bin dng
TI th dng in pha s cp ln so vi dng th cp.N l thit b in t tnh
ging nh BA.khi dng th cp ca TI nh th p th cp s rt ln.nu khng
ni t th cp ca TI th cun dy th cp c chu ni in p ny khng.
- A/ My bin p o lng - bin in p TU

Cu to th TU v TI l tng t nh my bin p thng thng gm mch t
trn c qun cun s cp v th cp. Cun s ni ti mch c in p cn o,
th th ni ti vn k, hoc cun nhn tn hiu ca cc thit b o c hin th s
hin nay...
m bo an ton th cun th lun ni t.
V dng ti cun th cc nh nn c th ni l TU lm vic trng thi h
mch ( khng ti ).
in p nh mc cun th thng n nh l 100V bt k u vo l cp p
no. 10 KV/100V or 35 KV/100V.
V vy lu khi lp TU l phi c cu ch v ni t cho v thit b.
DKH

Tri i - mi c 10 pht m cc Bc vit khe gh. Trong khi Hi vit cha
xong m cc bc chi lun 3 bi ri .

B/ My bin p o lng - bin dng in TI

Tng t cng vn l mt mch t, cun s cp t 1 vng n vi vng, cun
th th nhiu vng hn v u vo ampe k hoc cc thit b hin th s... Cun
th cng c ni t.
V tr khng ampe k c gi tr nh nn bin dng lun lun lm vic trong
trng thi gn ngn mch, t thng qua mch t rt nh, trong trng hp b h
mch tng thng tng ln d lm hng mch t, ng thi in p th cp tng
cao gy h hng thit b o lng v th
Vi TI khng c lm h mch cng nh t cu ch bo v
- 1. Thng th nht: Nguyn l lm vic, cu to, cng dng ca Dao cch ly.
2. Thng th hai: Nguyn l lm vic, cu to, cng dng ca My ct in.

You might also like