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INTEGRATION
List of formulae
1.

dx x
n
= c +
+
+
1 n
x
1 n
2.

dx e
x
= e
x
+ c
3.

dx k
= kx + c 3.

dx
x
1
= log x + c
5.

sin x dx = cos x + c 6.

cos x dx = sin x + c
7.

sec
2
x dx = tan x + c 8.

cosec
2
x dx = cot x + c
9.

sec x tan x dx = sec x + c 10.

cosec x cot x dx = cosec x + c

11.

2
x - 1
dx
= sin
-1
x + c 12.

+
2
x 1
dx
= tan
-1
x + c
13.

1 x x
dx
2
= sec
1
x + c 14.

tan x dx = log (sec x) + c

15.

cot x dx = log(sin x) + c 16.

sec x dx = log(sec x + tan x) + c

17.

cosec x dx = log (cosec x + cot x) + c 18.

logx dx = x logx x + c
19.

=
a
x
sin
x - a
dx
1 -
2 2
+ c 20.

+
2 2
x a
dx
=
a
1
tan
1

a
x
+ c
21.

+
2 2
a x
dx
= log
2 2
a x x + +
+c 22.

2 2
a x
dx
= log
2 2
a x x +
+ c
23.

2 2
x a
dx
=
2a
1
log
x - a
x a +
+ c 24.

2 2
a x
dx
=
2a
1
log
a x
a - x
+
+ c
25.

2 2
x - a dx =
2
x
2 2
x - a +
2
a
2

a
x
sin
1 -
+ c
26.

2 2
a - x dx =
2
x
2 2
a - x -
2
a
2
log
2 2
a x x +
+ c
27.

2 2
a x + dx =
2
x
2 2
a x + +
2
a
2
log
2 2
a x x + +
+ c
28. Integration b !arts
I !e take (x) as t"e i#st $nction and g(x) as t"e second $nction% $sing t"e
o#de# o &I'()*+ t"en

dx g(x) f(x)
= (x)

dx g(x)
-
( )

dx dx g(x) (x) ' f
Remar" #.
)o integ#ate t"e second and t"i#d ,o!e#s o sine and cosine o angles $se t"e
ollo!ing o#-$lae
1. .in
2
x =
2
2 cos 1 x
2. cos
2
x =
2
2 cos 1 x +
3. sin
3
x =
4
3 sin sin 3 x x
4. cos
3
x =
4
3 cos cos 3 x x +
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Remar" $
)o integ#ate t"e ,#od$cts o sine and cosine o angles $se t"e ollo!ing
o#-$lae
1. sin ( cos / =
2
1
0sin((+/) + sin ((/)1
2. cos ( sin / =
2
1
0sin((+/) sin ((/)1
3. cos ( cos / =
2
1
0cos((+/) + cos ((/)1
4. sin ( sin / =
2
1
0cos((/) cos ((+/)1

2
1
1
2
sin
x
x
=

2
2
1
1
1
cos
x
x
=

2
1
1
2
tan
x
x
= 2 tan
-1
x
T!es of Integrals
1.

dx
f(x)
(x) f'
= log2(x)2 + c 2.
dx
f(x)
(x) f'
=2 f(x) + c
3.

0(x)1
n
+(x) dx =
1 n
[f(x)]
1 n
+
+
+c
Integration of t!e
x b a sin
1
+
an%
x b a cos
1
+
.ince sin x =
2
2
2
tan 1
tan 2
x
x
+
and cos x =
2
2
2
2
tan 1
tan 1
x
x
+

)ake t = tan (x32) sin x=

2
1
2
t
t
+
and x = 2 tan
-1
t
dx =
2
1
2
t
dt
+
and t"en s$4stit$te in t"e gi5en integ#al
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