BI TP N THI I HC MN HA HAY V KH 2013-2014 (SV .

LTH HSP TPHCM)

Cu 1. Hn hp X gm 1 anehit v 1 hirocacbon mch h (2 cht hn km nhau 1

nguyn t- cacbon). t chy hon ton 0,4 mol hn hp X thu c 1,3 mol CO2 v 0,4
mol H2O. Nu cho 31,8 gam hn hp X tc dng vi dung dchAgNO3/NH3 th khi
lng kt ta thu c ti a l
A. 209,25 gam.
B. 136,80 gam.
C. 224,10 gam.
D. 216,45 gam.
BI GII s nguyn t C trung bnh = 1,3/0,4 = 3,25 ==> C3 a mol v C4 b mol ,mol hh =
a + b = 0,4,mol CO2 = 3a + 4b = 1,3 ==> a = 0,3 v b = 0,1 .s nguyn t H trung bnh =
2.0,4/0,4 = 2 ==> mi cht u c 2 nguyn t H ===> C3H2On v C4H2Om
Nu n = 0 ==> hydrocarbon mch h CT C3H2 ==> loi. Vy hydrocarbon l C4H2 0,1
mol c cu to CHC-CCH
v andehit C3H2O 0,3 mol CHC-CHO ==> m hh = 54a + 50b = 21,2
CHC-CCH ---> CAgC-CCAg
0,1------------------------0,1
CHC-CHO --> CAgC-COONH4 + 2 Ag
0,3-----------------------0,3---------------0,6 khi lng kt ta = 265.0,1 + 194.0,3 +
108.0,6 = 149,4 . Khi lng kt ta thu c khi cho 31,5 g X tc dng AgNO3 l
:===> 31,5.149,5/21,2 = 224,1 ==> cu C
Cu 2(Chuyn Bn Tre).Hn hp X gm Al, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CuO trong oxi chim
25,39% khi lng hn hp. Cho m gam hn hp X tc dng vi 8,96 lt CO(iu kin
tiu chun) sau 1 thi gian thu c cht rn Y v hn hp kh Z c t khi so vi hiro l
19. Cho cht rn Y tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d thu c dung dch T v 7,168
lt NO(iu kin tiu chun, sn phm kh duy nht). C cn dung dch T thu c
3,456m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 41,13
B. 35,19
C. 38,43
D. 40,03
-X gm 0,2539m ca O v 0,7461m ca cc kim loi. Dng pp ng cho v bo
ton C=0,4 => trong Z c CO=0,15 v CO2=0,25
=> Y cn 0,7461m Kim loi v O=0,2539m/160,25 (mol). Y cn lng HNO3= 4NO +
2O =0,32.4+2(0,2539m/160,25)
=> dung dch T c NO3- = HNO3 - NO=0,32.3+2(0,2539m/160,25). Vy T

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BI TP N THI I HC MN HA HAY V KH 2013-2014 (SV .LTH HSP TPHCM)

gm 0,7461m ca Kim Loi v 62.NO3- ca NO3=> 3,456m=0,7461m+62(0,32.3+2(0,2539m/160,25)). Dng my tnh => C

CCH 2 hh Z (CO2 v CO d) c mol = 0.4 v MZ = 38 --> nCO2 = 0.25 = nO p. .
hhX {M=x molO=y mol hh Y{M=xOd=y0.25
bton e: nx = 2(y - 0.25) + 3.0,32 --> nx = 2y + 0,46 = mol NO3 trong mui
{Mx+62(2y+0.46)=3.456mmX=Mx+16y=m 108y+28.52=2.456m kt hp vi mO =
16y = 0.2539m --> m = 38.43g
Cu 3(Chuyn Bn Tre).Hn hp X gm 1 mol amin no mch h A v 2
mol aminoaxit no mch h B tc dng va vi 4 mol HCl hay 4 mol NaOH. t a
gam hn hp X cn 46,368 lt O2(ktc) thu c 8,064 lt kh N2 (ktc). Nu cho a gam
hn hp trn tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c bao nhiu gam mui?
A. 75,52
B. 84,96
C. 89,68
D. 80,24
T cu ny: Hn hp X gm 1 mol amin no mch h A v 2 mol aminoaxit no mch h B
tc dng va vi 4 mol HCl hay 4 mol NaOH.
=> A c dng CaH2a+4N2 v B c dng CbH2b-1O4N
y mnh xin gii theo kiu CT tng qut nh sau:
X s c dng CnH2n+2+t-zOzNt .Do A:B=1:2 nn dng ng cho th c z=8/3 v t=4/3 =>
X= CnH2n+2/3O8/3N4/3. Dng cng thc ny cn bng phn ng t chy, ta c ..... + 0,5(3n7/3)O2 -------------> 2/3 N2 +.......................2,07 -------------->
0,3=> 0,36.0,5(3n7/3)=2,07.2/3 => n=10/3
=> X= 0,36.3/2=0,54 mol v phn t khi X l 14.10/3+2/3+16.8/3+14.4/3=326/3
=> a=0,54.326/3=58,68
=> mui= 58,68+36,5.0,54.t=58,68+36,5.0,54.4/3 => B
Cu 4(Chuyn Bn Tre).Hn hp X gm Fe2O3 v Cu. Cho m gam hn hp X tc dng
vi dung dch HCl va thu c dung dch cha 122,76 gam cht tan.Cho m gam hn
hp X tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long va thu c dung dch Y cha 3 cht tan
vi t l s mol 1:2:3. Dung dch Y lm mt mu ti a bao nhiu gam KMnO4 trong mi
trng axit sunfuric?
A. 6,004
B. 5,846
C. 5,688
D. 6,162
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BI TP N THI I HC MN HA HAY V KH 2013-2014 (SV .LTH HSP TPHCM)

u tin i xc nh t l Fe2O3: Cu trong X . Gi s X c Fe2O3=1 mol th Cu= a mol , X

tan vo H2SO4 thu c Y c CuSO4=a, Fe2(SO4)3=1a v FeSO4=2a. D thy phi
c a<1a v a<2a => a:(1a)=1:2 hoc a:(1a)=1:3 <=> a=1/3 hoc a=0,25
Th li ch thy a=0,25 tha mn => Fe2O3: Cu=4:1, Khi m gam X s c
Fe2O3=4Cu=4x mol
Ha tan X vo HCl th HCl= 3.2.Fe2O3=24x mol,
=> 122,76=56.2.4x+64.x+35,5.24x => x=0,09
Vy Y c FeSO4= 0,092=0,18 => 5.KMnO4= FeSO4 <=> KMnO4=0,036 mol
=> C
CCH 2 Gi a, b l s mol Fe2O3 v Cu, HCl ch phn ng vi a mol Fe2O3 ==> mol
Cl- = 6a
Sau , Cu tc dng ht vi mui Fe3+
khi lng cht tan = 56.2a + 64.b + 35,5.6a = 122,76 ===> 325a + 64b = 122,76 (1)
Tng t, khi tc dng vi H2SO4 long, thu c 3 mui :
Fe2O3 ---> Fe2(SO4)3
a---------------------------a
Cu + Fe2(SO4)3 ---> 2 FeSO4 + CuSO4
b--------b-------------------2b---------b
CuSO4 b mol, FeSO4 2b mol v Fe2(SO4)3 (a-b) mol ==> a > b
==> t l mol: CuSO4 : FeSO4 : Fe2(SO4)3 = b : 2b : (a-b) = 1 : 2 : 3 ==> a = 4b ==> (1)
==> b = 0,09
==> mol FeSO4 = 2b = 0,18 mol
10 FeSO4 + 2 KMnO4 --> 5 Fe2(SO4)3 + --0,18 ------------0,036
Khi lng KMnO4 cn dng = 158&0,036 = 5,688 ==> cu C
Cu 5: ( lng 1- NGh An)
Khi nung butan vi xc tc thch hp n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp
T gm CH4,C3H6,C2H4,C4H8,H2,C4H6. t chy hon ton hn hp T thu c 8,96
lt CO2 (ktc) v 9 gam H2O. Mt khc hn hp T lm mt mu va ht 19,2g Br2 trong
dung dch nc Brm. % v s mol ca C4H6trong T l:
A:16,67%
B:22,22%
C:9,091%
D:8,333%
t chy hh T ging t chy C4H10 ban u : s mol CO2 = 0,4 v s mol H2O = 0,5
==> mol C4H10 = 0,5 - 0,4 = 0,1
C4H10 CH4+C3H6
a---------------------a------------a
C4H10 2H2+C4H6

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BI TP N THI I HC MN HA HAY V KH 2013-2014 (SV .LTH HSP TPHCM)

b---------------------2b---------b
C4H10 H2+2C2H4
c----------------------c--------2c
s mol butan phn ng = a + b + c = 0,1. S mol Br2 = a + 2b + 2c = 0,12 ==> b + c =
0,02 ==> b < 0,02
==> mol hh T = 2a + 3b + 3c= 0,22. ==> % v s mol
ca C4H6=0,02.1000,22<9,091 ===> cu D
Cu 6: thi th trng THPT Lng 1- Ngh An.
Dung dch X cha 14,6 gam HCl v 22,56gam Cu(NO3)2. Thm m gam bt st vo dung
dch X , sau phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp kim loi c khi lng l
0,535m gam v ch to kh NO l spk duy nht. Gi tr ca m l:
A: 9,28
B: 14,88
C:16
D:1,92
s mol H+ = mol Cl- = mol HCl = 0,4. S mol Cu(NO3)2=0,12 ==> mol Cu2+=0,12 v
mol NO3=0,24, V cn d kim loi ==> c mui Fe2+ :
Fe2e Fe2+
a------2a--------a
NO3+3e+4H+ NO+2H2O
0,1--------0,3-------0,4
Cu2++2e Cu
0,12--------0,24-----0,12 .Bo ton mol e : 2a = 0,3 + 0,24 = 0,54 ==> a = 0,27
khi lng rn = mCu+mFedu=640,12+m56a=0,535m===>m=16===> cu C
Cu 7 ( Qunh Lu I ln II,2012-2013):
X l hp cht hu c n chc C,H,O . Cho 1 lng cht X tc dng hon ton vi 500
ml dung dch KOH 2,4M ri c cn c 105(g) rn khan Y v m(g) ancol. Oxi ha m(g)
ancol bng oxi c xc tc c hn hp Z, chia Z thnh 3 phn bng nhau :
Phn 1: tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 21,6(g) Ag
Phn 2: tc dng vi NaHCO3 d thu c 2,24(l) kh (ktc)
Phn 3:tc dng vi Na (va ), thu c 4,48(l) kh (ktc) & 25,8(g) rn khan.
Xc nh CTPT ca X. Bit ancol un vi axit sunfuric c nng,170oC to olefin:
A. C6H12O2
B. C3H6O2
C. C4H8O2
D. C5H10O2
KOH=0,4 v mY=35 gam tin lm vic vi mi phn sau ny ! . t ancol dng
RCH2OH => Z gm H2O, RCOOH, RCHO, v RCH2OH (d)
+ phn 2: d c ngay RCOOH=CO2=0,1.
+ phn 3: H2=0,2
H2O, RCOOH, RCH2OH qua Na thu c NaOH, RCOONa, RCH2ONa . Bo ton khi
lng => mA = mH2O + mRCOOH + mRCH2OH =25,8-0,2*2*22=17.
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BI TP N THI I HC MN HA HAY V KH 2013-2014 (SV .LTH HSP TPHCM)

+ phn 1: Ag=0,2
RCHO: Ag= 1:2 hoc 1:4
Xt RCHO: Ag=1:2 => RCHO=0,1 => H2O=RCOOH+RCHO=0,2 v RCH2OH=0,1.
=> R= (mA-mH2O-0,1*COOH-0,1*CH2OH)/0,2 =(17-0,2*18-0,1*45-0,1*31)/0,2=29
=> R=C2H5 => C3H8OH l ancol thu c sau phn ng thy phn este X . Khi
nX=0,3 mol => X=(35+0,3*60-0,4*56)/0,3=102 => C5H10O2
Xt RCHO: Ag=1:4=HCHO:Ag => HCHO=0,05 mol, H2O=0,15 mol v CH3OH=0,05
mol => mA= 8,9 < 17 => loi .Vy D
Cu 8: X l hn hp FeBr3 v MBr2. Ly 0,1 mol X nng 25,84 gam tc dng vi dung
dch AgNO3 d thu c 52,64 gam kt ta. Xc nh v khi lng FeBr3 trong X?
A. 91,64% B. 41,77% C. 51,63% D. 60,71%
Gi a, b l s mol FeBr3 v MBr2 ==> khi lng hh = 296a + b(M+160) = 25,84 (1).
mol hh = a + b = 0,1 (2) v mol Br = 3a + 2b
TH 1 : Nu kt ta l AgBr ==> mol Br- = mol kt ta = 3a + 2b = 0,28 (3). (2) v (3)
==> a = 0,08 v b = 0,02 . (1) ==> M < O ==> loi
TH 2 : ==> Ngoi AgBr (3a+2b) mol kt ta cn c Ag b mol kt ta ==> M l kim
loi a ha tr. Khi lng kt ta = 188*(3a+2b) + 108b =52,64 (4). (2) v (4) ==> a =
0,053 v b = 0,047. (1) ==> M = 56 ==> khi lng FeBr3 = 296a = 15,688 ===> %m
= 60,71 ==> cu D
Cu 9: Hn hp X c 2 hirocacbon ng ng lin tip, c t khi hi so vi
H2 bng 15,8. Ly 6,32 gam X li vo 200 gam dung dch cha xc tc thch hp th thu
c dung dch Z v thy thot ra 2,688 lt kh kh Y iu kin tiu chun c t khi hi
so vi H2 bng 16,5. Bit rng dung dch Z cha anehit vi nng C. (Bit phn ng
ch xy ra theo hng to thnh sn phm chnh). Gi tr ca C l:
A. 1,043% B. 1,305% C. 1,407% D. 1,208%
Ta c M=31,6. Suy ra 2 hidrocacbon tc dng vi nc sinh ra andehit th phi l ankin,
do ta c 2 hidrocacbon l C2H2 v C3H4
Khng kh thy rng nC2H2=0,12;nC3H4=0,08. Sau phn ng c hai hidrocacbon
d: C2H2 v C3H4 d 0,06 mol.
S mol C2H2 phn ng 0,06 mol, to ra 0,06 mol CH3CHO V C3H4 to ra axeton..
Khi lng dung dch sau phn ng bng: 6,32+2002,68822,4.16,5.2=202,36. Nng
cht andehit l: C1,305
Bi 10.Dung dch X cha hn hp gm Na2CO3 1.5M v KHCO3 1M .Nh t t tng
git cho n ht 200ml dung dch HCl1M vo 100ml dung dch X, sinh ra V lt kh ktc.
un nng c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m(g) mui khan . Gi tr ca m
l ?
s mol Na2CO3 = 0,15 ==> mol Na+ = 0,3 v CO32- = 0,15. mol KHCO3 = 0,1 ==> mol
K+ = 0,1 v HCO3- = 0,1. mol HCl = mol H+ = mol Cl- = 0,2

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BI TP N THI I HC MN HA HAY V KH 2013-2014 (SV .LTH HSP TPHCM)

H+ + CO32- ---> HCO30,15--0,15--------0,15

H+ + HCO3- ---> CO2 + H2O
0,05--0,05--------0,05
dd sau phn ng c: Na+ = 0,3 mol, K+ = 0,1 mol , Cl- = 0,2 mol v HCO3- d 0,2 mol
khi un nng :
2 HCO3- ---> CO2 + CO32- + H2O
0,2----------------------0,1
mui gm Na+ = 0,3 mol, K+ = 0,1 mol , Cl- = 0,2 mol v CO32- d 0,1 mol. ==> khi
lng mui = 23*0,3 + 39*0,1 + 35,5*0,2 + 60*0,1 = 23,9
Cu 11: Hn hp X gm 0,1 mol anehit acrylic v 0,3 mol kh hiro. Cho h n hp X
qua ng s nung nng c cha Ni lm xc tc, thu c hn hp Y gm propanal,
propan-1-ol, propenal v hiro. T khi hi ca hn hp Y so vi metan bng 1,55. S
mol H2 trong hn hp Y bng bao nhiu?
A. 0,05
B. 0,15
C. 0,20
D. 0,10 Ta c s mol trc l 0,4. Khi lng cc cht trc phn ng bng:
0,1.56+0,3.2=6,2(g). Bo ton khi lng nsau=6,21,55.160,25.
S mol gim chnh l s mol hidro tham gia phn ng bng 0,40,25=0,15. Nn s mol
ca hidro trong Y l 0,30,15=0,15. Chn B.
Cu 12/ Cho m gam hn hp X gm Andehit axetic , andehit acrylic v andehit oxalic tc
dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d , thu c 69,12 gam Ag . Mc khc chy hon
ton m gam hn hp X , thu c 37,86 gam hn hpCO2 v hi nc c t khi so vi
H2 l 16,46 . Ga tr ca m l
A/17.22 B/14.02 C/19.42 D/13.62
Gi a, b, c l s mol C2H4O, C3H4O v C2H2O2
s mol Ag = 2a + 2b + 4c = 0,64 ===> a + b + 2c = 0,32 = s mol nguyn t O = z =
0,32.
Gi x, y l s mol CO2 , H2O ==> x + y = 37,86/2*16,46 = 1,15. V 44x + 18y = 37,86
==> x = 0,66 v y = 0,49
==> m = 12x + 2y + 16z = 12*0,66 + 2*0,49 + 16*0,32 = 14,02 ==> cu B
Cu 13/Cho m gam Al vo hn hp dung dch cha 0,15 mol FeCl3 v 0,12 mol CuCl2 .
Sau khi kt thc phn ng , thu c 2,25m gam cht rn gm hai kim loi. Gi tr ca m
l
A/3.48 B/3.36 C/3.6 D/3.86

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BI TP N THI I HC MN HA HAY V KH 2013-2014 (SV .LTH HSP TPHCM)

BL: Cht rn sau gm 2 KL Fe,Cu .==>DD gm Al3+=x;Fe2+=y mol p dng nh lut

bo ton in tch ta thu c HPT: 3x+2y=0,15.3+0,12.2 , 27x=m v
(0,15y).56+0,12.64=2,25m ==> m= 3,76258 .
Cu 14: Cho 18,3 gam hn hp X gm hai hp cht hu c n chc l dn xut ca
benzen c cng cng thc phn tC7H6O2tc dng ht vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3
thu c 10,8 gam Ag. Vy khi cho 9,15 gam X ni trn tc dng vi 300 ml dung dch
NaOH 1M, ri c cn dung dch sau phn ng s thu c bao nhiu gam cht rn
khan ?
A. 16,4 gam. B. 20,8 gam. C. 19,8 gam. D. 8,0 gam s mol hh X = 18,3/122 = 0,15v s
mol Ag = 0,1
mol X : mol Ag = 0,15 : 0,1 < 1 : 2 ===> ch c 1 cht cho phn ng trng gng l HOC6H4-CHO hoc H-COO-C6H5 0,05 mol, cht cn li l C6H5-COOH 0,1 mol
s mol 9,15 gam X = 0,15*9,15/18,3 = 0,075
X + NaOH --> mui + H2O
0,075--------------------------0,075. Bo ton khi lng : mran = mX + mNaOH - mH2O = 9,15
+ 40*0,3 - 18*0,075 = 19,8 ==> cu C
Trch Trn Ph-ln I-2013
Cu 15.Cho m gam hn hp X (gm Mg, Al, Zn v Cu) tc dng ht vi dung dch
HNO3 thu c dung dch Y (khng c mui amoni) v 11,2 lt (ktc) hn hp kh Z (gm
N2, NO, N2O v NO2, trong N2 v NO2 c phn trm th tch bng nhau) c t khi i
vi heli bng 8,9. S mol HNO3 phn ng l
A. 3,4 mol.
B. 3,0 mol.
C. 2,8 mol.
D. 3,2 mol. Hn hp kh Z gm: N2, NO, N2O v NO2, trong mol N2 = mol NO2 =>
tng ng hh Z c: a mol NO v b mol N2O
s mol Z = a + b = 0,5khi lng Z = 30a + 44b = 4*8,9*0,5 = 17,8 ==>a = 0,3 v b =
0,2
mol HNO3 phn ng = 10*mol N2O + 4*mol NO + = 10*0,2 + 4*0,3 = 3,2 ===> cu D
Cu 16: Cho a gam hn hp X gm mt axit no n chc v 14 este to ra bi axit no
n chc B l ng ng k tip ca A v 1 ru no n chc. Cho a gam hn hp X tc
dng va NaHCO3, thu c 1,92 gam mui. Nu cho a gam hn hp X tc dng vi
mt lng va NaOH un nng thu c 4,38gam hn hp hai mui ca hai axit A v
B v 0,03 mol ru, ru ny c t khi so vi H2 l 23. t chy hai mui bng mt
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BI TP N THI I HC MN HA HAY V KH 2013-2014 (SV .LTH HSP TPHCM)

lng oxi thu c mui Na2CO3, hi nc v 2,128l CO2. Gi thit cc phn ng xy

ra hon ton. Gi tr ca a
A 3,98g
B 4,12g
C 3,56g
D 2,06g
S mol ru = mol este = 0,03, Phn t lng ru = 46 ==> ru etylic . X gm axit
CnH2nO2 x mol v CmH2m+1 -COO-C2H5 0,03 mol
Axit CnH2nO2 x mol + NaHCO3 cho 1,92 gam mui CnH2n-1O2Na x mol. HH X + NaOH
cho hai mui: 1,92 gam CnH2n-1O2Na v 0,03 mol CmH2m+1 COONa . ==> khi lng
mui CmH2m+1 -COONa = 4,38 - 1,92 = 2,46
Phn t lng mui CmH2m+1 -COONa = 14m + 68 = 2,46/0,03 = 82 ===> m = 1 ==>
CH3 -COONa ==> axit B l CH3COOH ==> este CH3 -COO-C2H5 0,03. V axit A:
CnH2nO2 ng ng lin tip ca B ==> n = 1 hoc n = 3
C2H3O2Na ----> 1,5 CO2 + 0,5 Na2CO3
0,03---------------0,045
CnH2n-1O2Na ---> (n-0,5) CO2 + 0,5 Na2CO3
x------------------------x(n-0,5)
mol CO2 = 0,045 + x(n-0,5) = 0,095 ===> x(n-0,5) = 0,05
Nu n = 1 ==> x = 0,1 ==> loi v khi lng mui HCOONa = 68*0,1 = 6,8 > 1,92
Nu n = 3 ==> x = 0,02 ==> khi lng mui C3H5O2Na =96*0,02 = 1,92 ==> nhn
===> a = 74x + 88*0,03 = 4,12 ==> cu B
Cu 17: Hn hp X gm etanial, axetilen, propanial v vinyl fomat (trong s mol
ca etanial v axetilen bng nhau). t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X cn dng va
V lt O2 thu c 52,8 gam CO2. Mt khc t chy hon ton 0,1V lt hn hp etan,
propan cn 0,455V lt O2 thu c a gam CO2. Tnh a. A. 14,344 B. 16,28 C. 14,256
D. 16,852 Mt bi ton hay...
*Hn hp ban u X : C2H2O2(xmol);C2H2(xmol);C3H4O2;C3H4O2
Ta quy hn hp trn tr thnh Y: C2H2O(2xmol);C3H4O2(ymol) Y= C2(H2O)
(2xmol);C3(H2O)2(ymol)
Suy ra sau phn ng t chy nH2O=2x+2y=n (O trong Y). p dng bo ton O
==> nCO2=nO2=V=1,2 ( V cho tin tnh ton)
* n phn ng t chy th 2: ===> Bo ton O : 2nCO2=2nO2H2O=2nO2
(nankan+nCO2) ==> 3nCO2=2nO2nankan==>nCO2=0,324
==> a=14,256 (Chn C)
Cu 18 Cho hn hp kh CO,H2 qua m gam hn hp Fe3O4 v CuO (t l mol 1:2 )sau
phn ng thu c 10,4 gam hn hp rn A.Ha tan hon ton A trong dung
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BI TP N THI I HC MN HA HAY V KH 2013-2014 (SV .LTH HSP TPHCM)

dch HNO3 d thu c 0,05 mol kh NO l spk duy nht.

m c gi tr A.11,638 B.11,368 C.14 ,2 D.12,4
Gi a, 2a l s mol Fe3O4 v CuO ==> trong rn A c 3a mol Fe, 2a mol Cu v b mol O
khi lng A = 56*3a + 64*2a + 16b = 10,4 ===> 296a + 16b = 10,4. Bo ton mol e :
9a + 4a = 2b + 0,15 ===> 13a - 2b = 0,15
===> a = 029 v b = 0,1135. ==> m = 232*0,029 + 80*2*0,029 = 11,368 ==> cu B
Cu 19: Cho 33,6 g Fe vo dd H2SO4 c, nng sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu
c 2,24 lt kh duy nht SO2 v 14,4 gam cht rn .S mol axit tham gia phn ng
l A.0,8 B.0.4 C.0,6 D.1,2 S mol Fe = 33,6/56 = 0,6 ==> c th cho Fe2+ hoc
Fe3+ ==> mol e nhn t 2*0,6 = 1,2 n 3*0,6 = 1,8
S mol SO2 = 0,1 ===> mol e nhng = 2*0,1 = 0,2
TH 1: Nu 14,4 gam rn ch l S ==> mol S = 0,35 ==> mol e nhng = 6*0,35 = 2,1 >
1,8 ==> loi
TH 2 : Nu 14,4 gam rn ch l Fe d ==> mol Fe d = 0,257 ==> mol Fe phn ng =
0,342 ==> mol e nhn = 0,684 > 0,2 ===> loi
TH 3 : Trong 14,4 gam rn c : Fe d (0,6-x) mol v a mol S, vi x l s mol Fe phn
ng
khi lng rn = 33,6 - 56x + 32a = 14,4 ====> 56x - 32a = 19,2 (1)
Fe - 2e ---> Fe2+
x-------2x--------x
S6+ + 2e + ----> S4+
------0,2--------0,1
S6+ + 6e + ----> S--------6a---------a
Bo ton mol e : 2x = 6a + 0,2 ===> x - 3a = 0,1 (2). (1) v (2) ==> x = 0,4 v a = 0,1
Bo ton s mol S ==> mol H2SO4 = mol SO4/mui + mol SO2 + mol S = 0,4 + 0,1 + 0,1
= 0,6 ==> cu C
Chuyn LQ-QUNG TR
Cu 20. ha tan ht hn hp X gm Cr2O3, CuO ; Fe3O4 cn va 550 ml HCl 2M,
sau phn ng thu c dung dch Y.Mt na dung dch Y ha tan ht ti a 2,9 gam Ni.
C cn na dung dch Y cn li thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan ?
A. 30,8 gam
B. 30,525 gam
C. 61,6 gam
D. 61,05 gam P/s : c th gii ngn hn nu : MCr2O3 + MCuO = MFe3O4 = 232
Cu 21: Ly 21,33 gam cao su isopren c lu ha em t chy hon ton bng
oxi va , sau phn ng ngng t ht hi nc th cn li 34,272 lt kh (ktc). Trung
bnh c bao nhiu mt xch isopren th c 1 cu ni isufua (S-S)?

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BI TP N THI I HC MN HA HAY V KH 2013-2014 (SV .LTH HSP TPHCM)

Cng thc ca cao su isopren c lu ha l:C5nH8n2S2.Khi t chy ta c

phng trnh:
C5nH8n2S2+O2 CO2+H2O+2SO2. S mol ca C5nH8n2S2 =21,33/68n+62. S
mol kh CO2 v SO2 l:34,272/22,4=1,53 mol
p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t ,ta c phng trnh:
5n.21,3368n+62+2.21,3368n+62=1,53 n=20
Cu 22: Hn hp X gm andehit fomic, andehit oxalic, axit axetic, etilenglycol, glyxerol.
Ly 4,52 gam X t chy hon ton ri cho sn phm i qua bnh 1 ng H2SO4 (c,
d), bnh 2 ng 600 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,2M thy bnh 1 tng 2,88 gam, bnh 2 xut
hin m gam kt ta. Xc nh m?
A. 23,64 gam B. 17,73 gam C. 15,76 gam D. 19,70 gam
Khi vit cng thc ca cc hp cht ny nhn thy s C bng s O cng thc chung
ca X l:CxHyOx
p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t H ta c phng trnh:
4,52.y/28x+y=2.0,16 x/y=1532. Chn x=15, y=32
Bo ton nguyn t C:nCO2=4,52.x/28x+y=0,15. nBa(OH)2=0,12. Suy ra to hai
mui nCO32=0.09 mBaCO3=17,73 Chn B
Cu 23: Mt hn hp gm 2 ancol X v Y no, n chc hoc c mt lin kt i. Bit
16,2g hn hp lm mt mu hon ton 500 g dung dch brom 5,76%. Khi cho 16,2g hn
hp trn tc dng vi Na d th th tch H2 ti a l:
A. 2,016 lt B.. 4,032 lt C. 8,064 lt D. 6,048 lt.
lng kh ln nht===> s mol ancol ln nht===> M ca mi ancol phi nh nht
c th.
* Bit 16,2g hn hp lm mt mu hon ton 500 g dung dch brom 5,76%==> c 1
ancol c ni i
M nh nht ==> C3H6O =0,18 mol
===> Kl ancol cn li =5,76 ==> M nh nht <==> CH3OH =0,18 mol
==> V H2 ti a =4,032 l Chn B
Cu 23: Hn hp X gm ancol propylic, ancol metylic, etylen glicol v sobitol. Khi cho
m gam X tc dng vi Na d th thu c 5,6 lit H2(ktc). Nu t chy m gam X cn
va 25,76 lt kh O2( ktc) , sau phn ng thu c 21,6 gam H2O. % Khi lng
ca ancol propylic c trong hn hp X l:
A.70% B. 45% C.67,5% D.30%
Chia lm 2 nhm
(CO)nH2n+2>OH=x(mol). C3H7OH=ymol ==> x+y=0,5 (1) T y bin i v
nCO2 = x+3y
p dng bo ton nguyn t O ==> 2(x+3y)+1,2=1,15.2+x+y ==> x+5y=1,1 (2)
T (1) v (2) ==> x=0,35,y=0,15 ==> m=20g ==> %C3H7OH =45% Chn B
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BI TP N THI I HC MN HA HAY V KH 2013-2014 (SV .LTH HSP TPHCM)

Cu 24: Hn hp X gm axit fomic, axit propionic, axit oxalic v axit axetic. Cho m gam
X phn ng va vi dung dch NaHCO3 thu c 1,68 lt CO2(ktc) v 5,63 gam hn
hp mui. t chy hon ton m gam X , ri cho ton b sn phm chy hp th ht vo
dung dch Ba(OH)2 d th thy khi lng phn dung dch gim bt 15,795 gam. % Khi
lng ca axit oxalic c trong X l:
A. 22,61%. B. 33,92%. C. 45,23%. D. 39,575%.
RCOOH+NaHCO3==>RCOONa+CO2+H2O . nCO2=nH2O=NaHCO3=0.075mol,
BTKL==>maxit=3.98g, nCO2=n[OO]trongaxit=0.075mol
nC=x mol, nH=y mol. ==>mC+mH=1.58==>12x+y=1.58(1)
MDDgim=mkt-mH2O-mCO2==>mH2O+mCO2=mkt-mddgiam<=>44x+9y=197x-15.795(2) . gpt(1),
(2)==> x=0.115, y=0.2==>nH2O=0.1mol
noxalic=nH2O-nCO2=0.115-0.1=0.015 mol ==>33.91%
Cu 25:
t a mol X l trieste ca glixerol v axit n chc, mch h thu c b mol CO2 v c
mol H2O, (bit b-c=4a). Hidro ha m g X cn 6,72 lt kh H2( ktc) thu c 39 g X.
Nu un m g X vi dung dch cha 0,7 mol NaOH n phn ng sau c cn dung dch
th thu c s g cht rn l? A 57,2 B 53,2 C 61,48 D 52,6
Vi hp cht cha C,H,O ta c : nX=(nCO2-nH2O)/(k-1) vi k l s lin kt pi. p dng
vi bi ny ta c a=4a/(k-1)==>k=5
==>trong X c 5 lin kt pi m gc -COO- c 3 gc cha 3 lin kt pi==>gc H-C c
2 lin kt pi
X+0.3mol H2 ==>nX=0.3/2=0.15 mol. m=39-0.3*2=38.4g, X+NaOH==>rn +glixerol
ta c nglyxerol=nX=0.15 mol. BTKL==>mran=38.4+0.7*40-0.15*92=52.6
Cu 26: in phn vi in cc tr dd cha 0,2 mol AgNO3 vi cng dng in
2,68 A, trong thi gian t gi thu c dd X (Hiu sut qu trnh in phn l 100% )
Cho 16,8 g bt Fe vo X thy thot ra kh NO (spk duy nht) v sau cc phn ng xy ra
hon ton thu c 22,7g cht rn . Gi tr ca t l A.0,25 B.2 C.1 D.0,5
Khi lng Crn sau phn ng > m Ag. Cht rn sau phn ng c Ag v Fe d
nHNO3=xnAgNO3(pu)=x . nAgNO3(du)=0,2x
2AgNO3+H2O2HNO3+12O2+2Ag . Dung dch sau cng l Fe(NO3)2 Ta
c 2.nFepu=nAg++nHNO3/4.3 nFe(pu)=((0,2x)+3.x/4)/2=0,10,125x .
mFedu+mAg=22,716,8.56.(0,10,125x)
+108(0,2x)=22,7x=0,1t=96500.0,1/2,68=3600s=1h.
p n C
Cu 27: Ha tan ht 10,24 gam Cu bng 200 ml dd HNO3 3M thu c dd A. Thm 400
ml dd NaOH 1M vo dd A .Lc kt ta , c cn dd ri nung cht rn n khi lng
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BI TP N THI I HC MN HA HAY V KH 2013-2014 (SV .LTH HSP TPHCM)

khng i thu c 26,44 gam cht rn.S mol HNO3 phn ng vi Cu l:

A. 0,568 mol B.0,48 mol C.0,4 mol D.0,56 mol
s mol Cu = 0,16 v mol HNO3 dng = 0,6 ==> Dd A c: mol Cu(NO3)2 0,16 mol v
HNO3 d x mol (nu c)
TH 1 : nu khng c HNO3 ht :
Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NaOH --> Cu(OH)2 + 2 NaNO3 nung ----> NaNO2
0,16------------0,32------------------------0,32--------------------0,32
rn thu c sau khi c cn v nung l 0,32 mol NaNO2 v 0,08 mol NaOH d
==> khi lng rn = 69*0,32 + 40*0,08 = 25,28 ==> loi
TH 2 : nu c HNO3 d :
HNO3 + NaOH ----> H2O + NaNO3 ---> NaNO2
x------------x-----------------------x-------------x
Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NaOH --> Cu(OH)2 + 2 NaNO3 nung ----> NaNO2
0,16------------0,32------------------------0,32--------------------0,32
rn thu c sau khi c cn v nung l 0,32+x mol NaNO2 v (0,08 - x ) mol NaOH d
==> khi lng rn = 69*(0,32+x) + 40*(0,08-x) = 26,44 ==> x = 0,04
==> mol HNO3 phn ng = 0,6 - 0,04 = 0,56 ==> cu D
Cu 28.Ha tan ht 2,72g hh X gm FeS2, FeS, Fe, CuS, Cu trong 500ml dd HNO31M,
sau phn ng thu c dd Y v 0,07 mol 1 kh thot ra. Cho Y tc dng vi lng d
dung dch BaCl2 thu c 4,66g kt ta. Mt khc, Y c th ha tan ti a m g Cu. Bit
trong cc qa trnh trn , sn phm kh duy nht ca N5+ l NO. Gi tr ca m l:
A 9,76 B. 5,92 C. 9,12 D, 4,96
nS=nBaSO4=0,02 .
ta c 64.nCu+56.nFe=2,720,02.32 v
2.nCu+3nFe=0,07.30,02.6nCu=0,015;nFe=0,02.
Dung dch sau phn ng ho tan ti a Cu. Nn dung dch sau phn ng gm
Fe2+:0,02;Cu2+:x;NO3:y;SO24:0,02 .
nHNO3=0,5;nNO=z .(NO: cho ton qu trnh). Ta c 2x=y, 0,02.2+2x+0,02.6=3zv
y+z=0,5 . Vy x = 0,1675 ,mCu=(0,16750,015).64=9,76(g)
Cu 29. Hn hp X gm 1 anehit v 1 hirocacbon mch h (2 cht hn km nhau 1
nguyn t- cacbon). t chy hon ton 0,4 mol hn hp X thu c 1,3 mol CO2 v 0,4
mol H2O. Nu cho 31,8 gam hn hp X tc dng vi dung dchAgNO3/NH3 th khi
lng kt ta thu c ti a l A. 209,25 gam. B. 136,80 gam. C. 224,10 gam.
D. 216,45 gam.
s nguyn t C trung bnh = 1,3/0,4 = 3,25 ==> C3 a mol v C4 b mol
mol hh = a + b = 0,4
mol CO2 = 3a + 4b = 1,3 ==> a = 0,3 v b = 0,1
s nguyn t H trung bnh = 2*0,4/0,4 = 2 ==> mi cht u c 2 nguyn t H ===>
C3H2On v C4H2Om
Nu n = 0 ==> hydrocarbon mch h CT C3H2 ==> loi
Vy hydrocarbon l C4H2 0,1 mol c cu to CHC-CCH v andehit C3H2O 0,3 mol
CHC-CHO ==> m hh = 54a + 50b = 21,2
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BI TP N THI I HC MN HA HAY V KH 2013-2014 (SV .LTH HSP TPHCM)

CHC-CCH ---> CAgC-CCAg

0,1------------------------0,1
CHC-CHO --> CAgC-COONH4 + 2 Ag
0,3-----------------------0,3---------------0,6
khi lng kt ta = 265*0,1 + 194*0,3 + 108*0,6 = 149,4
Khi lng kt ta thu c khi cho 31,5 gam X tc dng AgNO3 l :===>
31,5*149,5/21,2 = 224,1 ==> cu C
Cu 30: Hn hp X gm 1 s aminoaxit no mch h. 0,43 mol hn hp X tc dng va
vi 0,55 mol NaOH hay 0,51 mol HCl. t m gam hn hp X cn 98,672 lt O2 (ktc)
thu c 80,192 lt CO2 (ktc). Gi tr ca m l
A. 99,39 B. 100,14 C. 101,17 D. 99,71
T gi thit ==> CTPT trung bnh (NH2)51/43R(COOH)55/43
thc hin phn ng t chy. (NH2)51/43R(COOH)55/43+O2===>CO2+H2O+N2
--------------------------------------- x (mol)---------------------------------- 4,405 mol --- 3,58
mol
Bo ton O ==> nH2O=220x/43+3,3 mol ==> s nguyn t H trong aa = 220/43+3,3/x
Ta cng c s nguyn t C= 3,58/x. Mt khc aa no ==> lin kt pi l s
nhm COOH=55/43
p dng cng thc tnh lin kt k= 2C+NH2=55/43 ==> x=0,86 ==> m= 100,14
MINH SU TM THI NH CHC CC BN HC TT.THN MN!

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