KHOA QUAN TR KINH DOANH PHNG PHAP NGHIEN CU TRONG KINH DOANH GVHD : TS Trn Quang Trung Thc hien : nhom 4 lp QTKD-em 3
TI: MT S PHNG PHP KIM NH PHI THAM S THC HIN : NHM 4-QTKD-M 1 Trng Thi Dng Phm Vn Hi Nguyn Th Xun Hng Nguyn Vn Nhn inh c Thch Bi Vn Tun M Vn Tng V H Kim Uyn
TI: MT S PHNG PHP KIM NH PHI THAM S CHNG I : kim nh chi-square test CHNG II : kim nh one-sample kolmogorov smirnov test CHNG III : two independent samples tests 3.1 Kim nh U ca Mann Whitney 3.2 Kim nh Moses extreme reactions 3.3 Kim nh Wald Wolfowitz runs CHNG IV : tests for several independent samples 4.1 Kim nh Kruskal-Wallis H 4.2 Kim nh Median 4.3 Jockheere-Terpstra CHNG V : two related samples tests 5.1 Kim nh Sign 5.2 Kim nh W ca Wilcoxon 5.3 Kim nh McNemar CHNG VI : tests for several related samples 6.1 Kim nh Friedman 6.2 kim nh Kendalls W 6.3 kim nh Cocharans Q
CHNG I: KIM NH CHI-SQUARE TEST 1. S dng :Kim tra tnh c lp ca hai yu t (dng v ct), khng ch ra mc v hng ca mi quan h Kim tra tnh ng nht ca nhiu mu c quan st nh tnh
2. Ngun d liu : t GSS93. Nghin cu mi lin h gia trnh hc vn( bin: RS Highest degree) v cch c bo ( bin: How offen does R read Newpapers)
3. Cu hi nghin cu : liu trnh hc vn c lin h vi cch c bo hay khng?
CHNG I : KIM NH CHI-SQUARE TEST
4. Thc hin kim nh:
Ta t gi thuyt Ho nh sau: Ho : Hc vn khng c lin h ti vic c bo Cch kim nh : theo cc bc sau B1: M chng trnh SPSS chn theo trnh t nh sau: Analyze/Descriptive Statistics/srosstabs SPSS s m hp thoi : srosstab Chn bin : - RS Highest degree cho Column - How offen does R read Newpapers cho Rows
B2: tai hp thoi Srosstab chn tiep Statistics Ri nh du vo kim nh : Chi-square la chn xong nhn Contine
B3: chn tip Cell xut hin hp th thoi Cell Display nhm xc nh cc bin thng k th hin tng ca bng cho bng H2 CHNG I : KIM NH CHI-SQUARE TEST
Kt qu kim nh
Bng 1: Kim nh chi square test
T bng kt qu trn ta c kt lun v kim nh chi- Square Tests nh sau:
Thng qua bng H3 ta c KQ kim nh chi-square tnh ton c = 84.348 vi Sig =0 <
T ta kt lun bc b gi thuyt Ho: tc l vi d liu ca mu cho c bng chng kt lun rng trnh hc vn c lin h vi vic c bo. CHNG II: ONE-SAMPLE KOLMOGOROV SMIRNOV TEST
1. S dng : kim nh gi thuyt phn phi ca d liu c ph hp vi phn phi l thuyt 2. Ngun d liu : kim nh nhn xt ca ngi tiu dng i vi sn phm tr xanh khng mu mi ca Cty Tn Hip Pht Mu :40 ngi phng vn Bin 1. traban : tra xanh o hin ang bn trn th trng 2. trathu : tra xanh o mi Mi bin c m ha theo thang im:5-9 tng ng t nhn xt v sn phm t kh thch n qu thch 3. delta : y l bin t thm thc hin vic kim nh One-sample Kolmogorov smirnov test (delta = trathu traban) n i din cho im s a thch ca ngi tiu dng i vi sn phm ang bn v sn phm mi. 3. Cu hi nghin cu : bin delta c l phn phi chun hay khng? Hay sn phm tr xanh mi ca Cty Tn Hip Pht c c ngi tiu dng nh gi cao hn sn phm ang bn khng?
CHNG II: ONE-SAMPLE KOLMOGOROV SMIRNOV TEST 4. thc hin kim nh Ta t gi thuyt Ho nh sau: Ho : Tng th ca bin Delta phn phi chun Cch kim nh: Bc 1: to bin delta trong SPSS vi Delta = trathu-traban 2 M ngun d liu ( file tra xanh) chon transform/Computer Variable Nhp tn bin mi vo khung target variable ( nhp vo bin Delta) Thnh lp cng thc tnh bin Delta =trathu-traban Bc 2: thc hin kim nh One-sample Kolmogorov smirnov test cho bin mi lp delta M ngun d liu (file tra xanh) chn : Analyze/Nonparametric 1 Tests /1-sample K-S/ SPSS s m hp thoi -sample K-S Chn bin delta a vo khung test Variable Chn tn phn phi m gi thuyt mun kim nh trong khung
CHNG II : ONE-SAMPLE KOLMOGOROV SMIRNOV TEST 5. kt qu kim nh
Bng 2: kim nh one-sample K-S test
T bng kt qu trn ta rt ra cc kt lun sau:
Gi tr sig.=0.175 ln hn mc ngha = 5% do ta chp nhn gi thuyt . Tc l : bin Delta cn kim nh c phn phi chun ( hay chnh lc tng th ca hai bin trathu v traban c phn phi chun).
CHNG III: TWO INDEPENDENT-SAMPLE TESTS 3.1. KIM NH U CA MANN WHITEY
3.1.1 S dng : kim nh gi thuyt v s ging nhau ca 2 phn phi tng th
3.1.2 Ngun d liu : t GSS93. Nghin cu: phn phi ca bin Country western music ca hai nhm trnh 1:High school v 2: Junior college ( ca bin RS Highest Degree) 3.1.3 Cu hi nghin cu : phn phi v s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca hai nhm trnh : High school v Junior college ging nhau c ging nhau khng ? hay s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca hai nhm trnh High school v Junior college c nh nhau hay khng?
CHNG III: TWO INDEPENDENT-SAMPLE TESTS 3.1. KIM NH U CA MANN WHITEY 3.1.4. thc hin kim nh Ta t gi tuyt Ho nh sau: Ho : phn phi thu nhp ca hai nhm trnh : High school v Junior college ging nhau Cch thc hin: B1: M chng trnh SPSS chn theo trnh t nh sau: Analyze/Nonparametric Tests /2-Independent sample/ SPSS s m hp thoi two- Independent sample Chn bin- Country western music cho : Test variable List - RS Highest Degree cho : Gruoping variable - nh du vo kim nh:Mann-WhitneyU Test type B2: chn tip define Groups : xc nhn 2 nhm cn so snh: y ta chn gi tr 1 v 2 cho 2 nhm High school = 1 v Junior college = 2
B3: sau khi xc nh gi tr ca cc nhm ta ta chn v kim nh Mann Whitney U trong bng Test type CHNG III : TWO INDEPENDENT-SAMPLE TESTS 3.1 KIM NH U CA MANN WHITNEY 3.1.5. Kt qu kim nh
Bng 3: Kim nh U ca Mann Whitey
T Bng kt qu trn ta rt ra kt nh nh sau:
ta c sig.=0.234 ln hn nhiu so vi mc ngha ta chp nhn gi thuyt Ho: phn phi thu nhp ca hai nhm trnh : High school v Junior college ging nhau.
CHNG III: TWO INDEPENDENT-SAMPLE TESTS 3.2.KIM NH MOSES EXTREME REATION
3.2.1 S dng :kim nh gi thuyt v s ging nhau ca 2 phn phi tng th S dng thang o th t Trong hai bin th mt bin c xem l bin i chng, bin cn li c xem l bin th nghim. Hai bin kt hp la v c xp hng
3.2.2 Ngun d liu : t GSS93. Nghin cu: phn phi ca bin Country western music ca hai nhm trnh 1:High school v 2: Junior college ( ca bin RS Highest Degree) 3.2.3 Cu hi nghin cu : phn phi v s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca hai nhm trnh : High school v Junior college ging nhau c ging nhau khng ? hay s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca hai nhm trnh High school v Junior college c nh nhau hay khng?
CHNG III TWO INDEPENDENT-SAMPLE TESTS 3.2 KIM NH MOSES EXTREME REATION
3.2.4. thc hin kim nh Cch lm tng t nh kim nh U cua Mann whitney Ch thay i bc 3 B3: sau khi xc nh gi tr ca cc nhm ta ta chn v kim nh Moses extreme reactions trong bng Test type 3.2.5. Kt qu : bng 4-kim nh Moses extreme reactions
T bng kt qu trn ta c kt lun sau: ta c sig Span max=0, sig Span2=0. Trong span =span max span min =0 ( gi tr ny cng ln cng bc b Ho) ta chp nhn gi thuyt Ho Tc l phn phi v s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca hai nhm trnh : High school v Junior college ging nhau. Hay hai nhm c trnh High school v Junior college u c s thch v nghe nhc min vin ty nh nhau
CHNG III: TWO INDEPENDENT-SAMPLE TESTS 3.3 KIM NH WALD-WOLFOWITZS RUNS
3.3.1 S dng :kim nh gi thuyt v s ging nhau ca 2 phn phi tng th S dng thang o th t Hai bin kt hp la v c xp hng nh n ln S runs cng nh cng d bc b Ho( run <2)
3.3.2 Ngun d liu : t GSS93. Nghin cu: phn phi ca bin Country western music ca hai nhm trnh 1:High school v 2: Junior college ( ca bin RS Highest Degree) 3.3.3 Cu hi nghin cu : phn phi v s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca hai nhm trnh : High school v Junior college ging nhau c ging nhau khng ? hay s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca hai nhm trnh High school v Junior college c nh nhau hay khng?
CHNG III: TWO INDEPENDENT-SAMPLE TESTS 3.3 KIM NH WALD-WOLFOWITZS RUNS
3.3.4 thc hin kim nh Cch lm tng t nh kim nh U cua Mann whitney Ch thay i bc 3 B3: sau khi xc nh gi tr ca cc nhm ta ta chn v kim nh WALD-WOLFOWITZS RUNS trong bng Test type 3.3.5 Kt qu : bng 5-kim nh Moses extreme reactions
T kt qu kim nh trn ta c kt lun: ta c s run =181( hay sig=1 ln hn nhiu so vi mc ngha ) Chp nhn gi thuyt Ho Tc l phn phi v s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca hai nhm trnh : High school v Junior college ging nhau. Hay hai nhm c trnh High school v Junior college u c s thch v nghe nhc min vin ty nh nhau. CHNG IV: TEST FOR SEVERAL INDEPENDENT SAMPLES 4.1 KIM NH KRUSKAL-WALLIS H
4.1.1 S dng : kim nh gi thuyt v s ging nhau ca nhiu phn phi tng th(t 3 bin tr ln)
4.1.2 Ngun d liu : t ngun GSS93 Nghin cu: phn phi ca bin Country western music ca ba nhm trnh 1:High school , 2: Junior college v 3: Graduate( ca bin RS Highest Degree)
4.1.3 Cu hi nghin cu : phn phi v s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca ba nhm trnh : High school , Junior college v Graduate c ging nhau khng ? hay s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca ba nhm trnh ny c nh nhau hay khng? CHNG IV: TEST FOR SEVERAL INDEPENDENT SAMPLES 4.1. KIM NH KRUSKAL-WALLIS H 4.1.4. Cch kim nh: Ta t gi tuyt Ho nh sau: Ho : phn phi v s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca ba nhm trnh : High school , Junior college v Graduate ging nhau
Cch kim nh : B1: M chng trnh SPSS chn theo trnh t nh sau: Analyze/Nonparametric Tests /K-Independent sample/ SPSS s m hp thoi K- Independent sample Chn bin : - Country western music cho : Test variable List - RS Highest Degree cho : Gruoping variable
B2: chn tip define Groups : xc nhn 3 nhm cn so snh: Chn 1 cho Minimum Chn 3 cho Maximum B3: sau khi xc nh cc nhm cn so snh ta chn v kim nh KRUSKAL-WALLIS H trong bng Test type.
CHNG IV: TEST FOR SEVERAL INDEPENDENT SAMPLES 4.1 KIM NH KRUSKAL-WALLIS H 4.1.5. Kt qu : Bng 6: kim nh Kruskal-wallis H
T kt qu kim nh trn ta c kt lun: ta c sig. hn nhiu so vi mc ngha Bc b gi thuyt Ho Tc l phn phi v s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca ba nhm trnh : High school , Junior college v Bachelor khc nhau. Hay ba nhm c trnh High school , Junior college v bachelor c s thch v nghe nhc min vin ty khc nhau
CHNG IV : TEST FOR SEVERAL INDEPENDENT SAMPLES 4.2.KiM NH MEDIAN
4.2.1 S dng : kim nh gi thuyt v s ging nhau ca nhiu phn phi tng th(t 3 bin tr ln) Media a ra bng lit k s trng hp nh hn hay ln hn trung v ca tng nhm, sau dng Chi-square tnh sai lch gia l thuyt v thc t
4.2.2 Ngun d liu : t ngun GSS93 Nghin cu: phn phi ca bin Country western music ca ba nhm trnh 1:High school , 2: Junior college v 3: Graduate( ca bin RS Highest Degree)
4.2.3 Cu hi nghin cu : phn phi v s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca ba nhm trnh : High school , Junior college v Graduate c ging nhau khng ? hay s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca ba nhm trnh ny c nh nhau hay khng? CHNG IV: TEST FOR SEVERAL INDEPENDENT SAMPLES 4.2. KIM NH MEDIAN 4.2.4 Cch kim nh: THC HiN TNG T KiM NH KRUSKAL-WALLIS H
4.2.5. Kt qu kim nh: bng 7 kim nh Median
Nhn xt: T kt qu kim nh trn ta c kt lun: ta c sig. hn nhiu so vi mc ngha ) Bc b gi thuyt Ho Tc l phn phi v s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca ba nhm trnh : High school , Junior college v Bachelor khc nhau. Hay ba nhm c trnh High school , Junior college v bachelor c s thch v nghe nhc min vin ty khc nhau. CHNG IV: TEST FOR SEVERAL INDEPENDENT SAMPLES 4.3 .KiM NH JONCKHEERE-TERPATRA
4.3.1 S dng : kim nh gi thuyt v s ging nhau ca nhiu phn phi tng th(t 3 bin tr ln) + Mnh hn kim nh Kruskal Wallis H + S dng trong trng hp cc d kin lin tc hay thang o th t 4.3.2 Ngun d liu : t ngun GSS93 Nghin cu: phn phi ca bin Country western music ca ba nhm trnh 1:High school , 2: Junior college v 3: Graduate( ca bin RS Highest Degree)
4.3.3 Cu hi nghin cu : phn phi v s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca ba nhm trnh : High school , Junior college v Graduate c ging nhau khng ? hay s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca ba nhm trnh ny c nh nhau hay khng? CHNG IV: TEST FOR SEVERAL INDEPENDENT SAMPLES 4.3 KiM NH JONCKHEERE-TERPATRA 4.3.4 Kim nh: THC HiN TNG T KiM NH KRUSKAL-WALLIS H v Median
4.3.5 Kt qu kim nh: bng 8 kim nh Jonckheere-teratra
Nhn xt: T kt qu kim nh trn ta c kt lun: ta c sig. hn nhiu so vi mc ngha ) Bc b gi thuyt Ho Tc l phn phi v s thch nghe nhc min vin ty ca ba nhm trnh : High school , Junior college v Bachelor khc nhau. Hay ba nhm c trnh High school , Junior college v bachelor c s thch v nghe nhc min vin ty khc nhau. CHNG V: TWO RELATED SAMPLE TEST 5.1. KIM NH DU SIGN 5.1.1 S dng : kim nh hai mu lin quan c cng phn phi Kim nh du sign ch n hiu s ca hai mu : hai gi tr du (+,-) chnh lch nhau nhiu bc b gi thuyt 5.1.2 Ngun d liu : kim nh nhn xt ca ngi tiu dng i vi sn phm tr xanh khng mu mi ca Cty Tn Hip Pht Mu: 40 ngi phng vn Bin: 1. traban : tra xanh o hin ang bn trn th trng 2. trathu : tra xanh o mi Mi bin c m ha theo thang im:5-9 tng ng t nhn xt v sn phm t kh thch n qu thch 5.1.3 Cu hi nghin cu : trong hai loi sn phm th ngi tiu dng c xu hng thch loi sn phm no hn. CHNG V : TWO RELATED-SAMPLE TESTS 5.1 KIM NH DU SIGN
5.1.4 thc hin kim nh Ta t gi tuyt Ho nh sau: Ho : Phn phi tng th ca hai bin trn l nh nhau.
Cch thc hin:
B1: M chng trnh SPSS chn theo trnh t nh sau: Analyze/Nonparametric Tests /2-related sample/ SPSS s m hp thoi 2-related sample tests Chn bin: chn bin traban v trathu theo th t a vo hp thoi Test variable tests B2: nh du vo kim nh du Sign ti hp thoi Test type
CHNG V : TWO RELATED-SAMPLE TESTS 5.1.KIM NH DU SIGN
5.1.5 Kt qu: Ta c bng kt qu : bng 9 kim nh du sign
Kt lun: T kt qu kim nh trn ta c sig.=0.021 nh hn nhiu so vi mc ngha Bc b gi thuyt Ho Ngi tiu dng c xu hng thch sn phm sn phm ny hn sn phm khch trong t iu tra th trng va ri ca Cty Tn Hip Pht CHNG V : TWO RELATED SAMPLE TEST 5.2 KIM NH DU V HN WILCOXON 5.2.1 S dng : kim nh hai mu lin quan c cng phn phi Kim nh du v hng Wilcoxon ch n hiu s ca hai mu v ln ca cc chnh lch ny kim nh ny mnh hn kim nh Sign 5.2.2 Ngun d liu : kim nh nhn xt ca ngi tiu dng i vi sn phm tr xanh khng mu mi ca Cty Tn Hip Pht Mu: 40 ngi phng vn Bin: 1. traban : tra xanh o hin ang bn trn th trng 2. trathu : tra xanh o mi 5.2.3 Cu hi nghin cu : sn phm tr xanh mi ca Cty Tn Hip Pht c c ngi tiu dng nh gi cao hn sn phm ang bn khng? CHNG V: TWO RELATED SAMPLE TEST 5.2 KIM NH DU V HN WILCOXON 5.2.4. thc hin kim nh Ta t gi tuyt Ho nh sau: Ho : sn phm tr xanh mi ca Cty Tn Hip Pht c c ngi tiu dng nh gi cao hn sn phm ang bn khng? Hay trong hai loi sn phm th ngi tiu dng c xu hng thch sn phm no hn? Cch thc hin: tng t nh kim nh Sign ch khch bc 2 nh du vo kim nh Wilcoxon trong hp thoi type test Bng kt qu: bng 10 kim nh Wilcoxon 5.2.5 Kt lun: T kt qu kim nh trn : ta c sig.=0.009 hn nhiu so vi mc ngha Bc b gi thuyt Ho
Ngi tiu dng c xu hng thch sn phm tr xanh mi hn tr xanh ang bn trn th trng Cty nn y mnh vic pht trin sn phm tr xanh mi ny trn th trng. CHNG V: TWO RELATED SAMPLE TEST 5.3. KIM NH MCNEMAR 5.1.1 S dng : kim nh hai mu lin quan c cng phn phi dng cho cc bin c kt qua l nh phn.
5.1.2 Ngun d liu : kim nh nhn xt cc thm phn Tp.HCM v vic ng hay khng ng v vic s dng sng v n t hnh. Mu 40 ngi phng vn Bin 1. sung : bin v vic s dng sng Bin c 2 gi tr : 1-ng ; 0-khng ng 2. tuhinh : bin v n t hnh Bin c 2 gi tr : 1-ng ; 0-khng ng 5.1.3 Cu hi nghin cu : ngi c quan im s dng sng c ng vi n t hnh hay khng CHNG V: TWO RELATED SAMPLE TEST 5.2 KIM NH MCNEMAR 5.2.4. thc hin kim nh t gi thuyt Ho: phn phi tng th ca hai bin sung v tuhinh l nh nhau Thc hin tng t nh kim nh du Sign v Wilcoxon ch khc Bc 2: nh du vo kim nh McNemar trong type tests nh du vo kim nh Wilcoxon trong hp thoi type test Bng kt qu: bng 11 kim nh MACNEMAR
5.2.5 Kt lun: T kt qu kim nh trn : ta c sig.=0.454 ln hn nhiu so vi mc ngha Chp nhn gi thuyt Ho Hai bin sung v tuhinh c cng phn phi . CHNG VI: TEST FOR SERVERAL RELATED SAMPLE 6.1. KIM NH FRIEDMAN 6.1.1 S dng : kim nh K mu lin quan c cng phn phi K bin trong mi trng hp c sp hn li t 1-k. 6.1.2 Ngun d liu : kim nh nhn xt ca ngi tiu dng Mu 40 ngi phng vn Bin 1. traduong : tra xanh 0 c ng 2.trakhong : tra xanh 0 khng ng 3. trachanh : tra xanh 0 hng chanh Mi bin c m ha c gi tr 5-9 6.1.3 Cu hi nghin cu : ngi tiu dng c xu hng thch c ba loi sn phm ca Cty Tn Hip Pht khng? CHNG VI: TWO RELATED SAMPLE TEST 6.1 KIM NH FRIEDMAN 6.2.4. thc hin kim nh t gi thuyt Ho: Ho : phn phi tng th ca ba sn phm trn l nh nhau.
B1: M chng trnh SPSS chn theo trnh t nh sau: Analyze/Nonparametric Tests /k-related sample/ SPSS s m hp thoi k- related sample tests Chn bin : - Chn bin traduong, trakhong, trachanh : Test variable List B2: nh du vo kim nh Friedman trong hp thoi Type test
Bng kt qu: bng 12 kim nh FRIEDMAN
6.2.5 Kt lun: T kt qu kim nh trn : ta c sig.=0.048 nh hn so vi mc ngha Bc b gi thuyt Ho Tc l phn phi tng th ca ba sn phm l khng nh nhau : hay ngi tiu dng c xu hng thch sn phm ny hn sn phm khc. CHNG VI: TEST FOR SERVERAL RELATED SAMPLE 6.2. KIM NH KENDALLS W 6.2.1 S dng : kim nh K mu lin quan c cng phn phi K bin trong mi trng hp c tnh tng hng 6.2.2 Ngun d liu : kim nh nhn xt ca ngi tiu dng Mu 40 ngi phng vn Bin 1. traduong : tra xanh 0 c ng 2.trakhong : tra xanh 0 khng ng 3. trachanh : tra xanh 0 hng chanh Mi bin c m ha c gi tr 5-9 6.2.3 Cu hi nghin cu : ngi tiu dng c xu hng thch c ba loi sn phm ca Cty Tn Hip Pht khng? CHNG VI: TWO RELATED SAMPLE TEST 6.2 KIM NH KENDALLS W 6.2.4. thc hin kim nh t gi thuyt Ho: Ho : phn phi tng th ca ba sn phm trn l nh nhau. Cch thc hin tng t nh kim nh friedman ch khc B2: nh du vo kim nh Friedman trong hp thoi Type test
Bng kt qu: bng 13 kim nh KENDALLS W
6.2.5 Kt lun: T kt qu kim nh trn : ta c sig.=0.048 nh hn so vi mc ngha Bc b gi thuyt Ho Tc l phn phi tng th ca ba sn phm l khng nh nhau : hay ngi tiu dng c xu hng thch sn phm ny hn sn phm khc. CHNG VI: TEST FOR SERVERAL RELATED SAMPLE 6.3. KIM NH COCHRANS Q 6.3.1 S dng : kim nh K mu lin quan c cng phn phi K bin c gi tr nh phn 6.3.2 Ngun d liu : kim nh nhn xt ca ngi tiu dng Mu 40 ngi phng vn Bin 1. traduong : tra xanh 0 c ng 2.trakhong : tra xanh 0 khng ng 3. trachanh : tra xanh 0 hng chanh Mi bin c m ha c 2 gi tr: 0-1 6.3.3 Cu hi nghin cu : ngi tiu dng c xu hng thch c ba loi sn phm ca Cty Tn Hip Pht khng? CHNG VI: TWO RELATED SAMPLE TEST 6.2 KIM NH COCHRANS Q 6.3.4. thc hin kim nh t gi thuyt Ho: Ho : phn phi tng th ca ba sn phm trn l nh nhau. Cch thc hin tng t nh kim nh friedman ch khc B2: nh du vo kim nh corchrans Q trong hp thoi Type test
Bng kt qu: bng 14 kim nh cochrans Q
6.2.5 Kt lun: T kt qu kim nh trn : ta c sig.=0.037 nh hn so vi mc ngha Bc b gi thuyt Ho Tc l phn phi tng th ca ba sn phm l khng nh nhau : hay ngi tiu dng c xu hng thch sn phm ny hn sn phm khc. Xin chn thnh cm n s quan tm theo di ca cc bn !