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SPECIFICATION LINES

WE FO 001
ISSUE APRIL, 1995





















FIBER OPTIC UNIT
LOCAL NETWORK HEADQUARTERS
17th FLOOR, WISMA TELEKOM
TELEKOM MALAYSIA BERHAD
59200 JALAN PANTAI BAHARU
KUALA LUMPUR
Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995



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SECTION I



GENERAL







NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. SCOPE 1
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Issue April, 1995



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GENERAL


1. SCOPE

The specification covers all aspects of optical fibre cable installation for:

a) underground
b) overhead
c) direct burial
d) on vertical racking/in riser
e) on horizontal racking/cable tray

Other aspects of optical fibre cable works procedure included are splicing of fibre ends,
preparation of mechanical jointing closure, installation of Fibre Termination Box and
Fibre Distribution Panel. Another associated part describes the Acceptance Test and
Commissioning procedures for optical fibre cable and equipment.

The Fibre-In-The-Loop (FITL) projects use single mode optical fibre cables of loose and
ribbon fibres. The optical fibre cable length supplied to TM shall be within one (1) to
three (3) Km for each drum. It shall also be provided with manufacturer's test report and
free from physical damage.
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SECTION II



DEFINITIONS







NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. DIGITAL DISTRIBUTION FRAME (DDF) 1
2. FIBRE DISTRIBUTION FRAME (FDF) 1
3. FIBRE TERMINATION BOX (FTB) 1
4. HORIZONTAL RACKING 1
5. INTERNAL CABLE 1
6. MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME (MDF) 1
7. RIPPING 1
8. SUBDUCT 1
9. SUBSCRIBER DISTRIBUTION FRAME (SDF) 1
10. SUPERSTRUCTURE 1
11. TUNNEL 1
12. VERTICAL RACKING 1
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DEFINITIONS


1. Digital Distribution Frame (DDF): A connection frame that provides flexibility for
interfacing the digital signal line (2/8/34/140 Mb/s digital signal) on coaxial cable.

2. Fibre Distribution Frame (FDF): A frame in the central office that provides flexibility
for interfacing between the external cable and the terminal equipment.

3. Fibre Termination Box (FTB): A box where external optical cable is spliced to the fibre
cord cable.

4. Horizontal racking: A flat metallic surface for laying and anchoring optical cables in
horizontal plane or known as cable tray.

5. Internal cable: Connecting cables between termination box and equipments up to MDF
termination blocks.

6. Main Distribution Frame (MDF): The point of interconnect between telephone
exchange equipment and local network cable pairs.

7. Ripping: Process of breaking the soil along the plough line to facilitate installation of
direct buried optical cable.

8. Subduct: A 32 mm diameter PVC or HDPE pipe provided by TM to facilitate installation
of optical fibre cable.

9. Subscriber Distribution Frame (SDF): The distribution frame in subscriber's premises
on which the local cable pairs and internal cables both terminate.

10. Superstructure: A steel frame to hold equipment rack in equipment room within the
MDF.

11. Tunnel: A cable passage large enough to permit entry by personnel.

12. Vertical racking: A flat metallic surface for laying and anchoring optical cables in
vertical plane or known as ladder racking.

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SECTION III



INSTALLATION OF PVC SUBDUCTS







NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. GENERAL 1
2. MATERIALS 1
3. INSTALLATION PROCEDURE 1
4. TESTING 3
5. TYPICAL SUBDUCT INSTALLATION 3
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INSTALLATION OF PVC SUBDUCTS


1. GENERAL

This specification describes the items required and practices for installing PVC subducts
into a 4-inch ducts. Positions of ducts to be installed with subducts shall follow the
normal selection for installing copper cable that is starting from the lowest layer on
extreme sides and working its way up.


2. MATERIAL


2.1. Items supplied by TM

The following items shall be supplied by Pengurusan Bahan:-

i. PVC subduct
ii. Flange holder (Plate B)
iii. End cap


2.2. Items supplied by Contractor

I. Tape PVC 19 mm self adhesive
ii. Adhesive - Solvent cement
iii. Cotton waste
iv. Mechanical aids and tools for laying subducts


2.3. Quality of material

All materials unless otherwise specified are to be in accordance with the British
Standard Instruction or its equivalent in so far as those specifications apply.


3. INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

3.1 Preparation of worksite and manhole

Work procedure shall be as specified for normal cable laying. Refer to
Specification Lines WE 303.

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3.2 Preparation of Ducts

Ducts should first be cleared of obstructions. Rodding of allotted ducts (avoid
blocking the entry to other ducts) should be done using rod sweep cane, PVC rods
or any approved equipment. Clean the ducts by using mandrel cutting, brushes
and cleaning disc and remove obstructions where encountered. The test mandrel
used for testing shall be of 457mm in length and 83mm in diameter, the
cylindrical brush shall be 108mm in diameter. All duct ends must be intact and
straight.

3.3 Preparations of Subducts

i) Jointing of Subducts

The spigot of the subducts shall be wiped clean. The solvent cement shall
be applied to the spigot as well as the end of another subduct. The end of
the subduct where the solvent cement were applied shall be positioned
and pressure applied for the two subducts to be jointed. In no
circumstances shall dirt or grit be allowed to enter the joints.

ii) Bunching of subducts

Bunch the three (3) subducts together firmly by twining/lacing using an
adhesive tape and place into position as shown in Figure 1.

iii) Cutting of subducts

Subducts shall only be cut where necessary at right angles to the bore
preferably with a saw in a simple cutting motion according to the
requirements of the work. Inside edges of cut subducts shall be
thoroughly rounded off or so dressed before being put into position that
they can be no possibility of damage to optical fibre cables from the
edges.

3.4 Laying of Subducts

i) Drawing of subducts into duct

The pulling-in (3 subducts at the same time) can be done manually or with
a cable-pulling trailer depending on the distance between manholes. The
pulling-in of subducts is made in the same way as for the pulling-in of
cables.

ii) To prevent the subducts from twisting, attach swivel to the subducts as
shown in Figure 2.

iii) Fixing of Subducts at the Manhole

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Hold the subducts as shown in Figure 3 using the PVC plate B. Two PVC
plates are required in each manhole. Each of the PVC plate (Flange
Holder) is placed at the duct mouth with each subduct inserted and
adhered with solvent cement into each of the three holes of the plate.
Screw each corner of the plate to the manhole wall to secure the subducts
from creepage.

iii) Make a 1 inch slit at the side of each subduct mouth and slide the end of
nylon rope to prevent it from moving into the subduct before closing with
the end cap.

iv) Ensure end caps are tightly fitted to the subduct mouth. These end caps
shall be removed for cable installation.

v) Fixing of Subducts at the Cable Chamber

One PVC plate B shall be installed at the duct mouth and screwed to the
cable chamber as shown in Figure 4.


4. TESTING

i) On completion of the subduct line between any two jointing chambers or sites
thereof, rod each and every subduct laid using rod sweep cane, PVC rods or any
approved equipment.

ii) All tests shall be carried out in the presence of the Superintendent Officer and if
any obstruction or defects is discovered, it shall be rectified forwith to his
satisfaction.


5. TYPICAL SUBDUCT INSTALLATION

A typical installation of a subduct section is as illustrated in Figure 5.










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SECTION IV



INSTALLATION OF CORRUGATED SUBDUCTS
FOR OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE







NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. GENERAL 1
2. MATERIALS 1
3. INSTALLATION PROCEDURE 1
4. ACCEPTANCE TESTING 3
5. END CAP SOCKET 3
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INSTALLATION OF CORRUGATED SUBDUCTS
FOR OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE


1. GENERAL

This specification describes the practice for installation of corrugated subduct into a 4
inch duct. Subducts are installed to facilitate drawing and installing of optical cable. The
position of ducts to be installed with subducts shall follow the installation of PVC
subduct.


2. MATERIAL


2.1 Items supplied by TM

The following items shall be supplied by Pengurusan Bahan:-

i. HDPE Corrugated Subduct for optical cable.
(Completed with draw rope pre-installed).
ii. Flange holder (PVC Plate B).
iii. End cap.
iv. O-ring.


2.2 Items supplied by Contractor

i. Tape PVC 19mm self adhesive
ii. Cotton waste
iii. Adhesive
iv. Mechanical aids and tools for laying of subducts.


2.3 Quality of materials

All materials unless otherwise specified are to be accordance with the British
Standard Instruction or its equivalent in so far as those specifications apply.


3. INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

3.1 Preparation of worksite and manhole

Work procedure shall be as described for normal cable laying. Refer to
specification Lines WE 303.

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3.2 Preparation of ducts

Ducts should first be cleared of obstructions. Rodding of allotted ducts (avoid
blocking of entry to other ducts) should be done using rod sweep cane, PVC rods
or any approved equipment. Clean the ducts by using mandrel cutting, brushes and
cleaning disc and remove obstructions where encountered. The test mandrel used
for testing shall be 457mm in length and 83mm in diameter, the cylindrical brush
shall be 108mm in diameter. All duct ends must be intact and straight.

3.3 Preparation of subducts

i) Prior to laying, three (3) subducts shall be bunched together by wrapping
tightly with three layers of adhesive tape at every 1.5 meter along the
bunch as shown in Fig. 1.

3.4 Laying of subducts into ducts

3.4.1 Drawing of subducts into duct is done by manual pulling in the direction
of main duct joints. The allowable maximum pulling tension is 80 KN.

3.4.2 Both duct and manhole entrance must have subduct protector as protection
for the HDPE corrugated subducts when pulling.

3.4.3 Ensure that subducts are not twisted during pulling by attaching swivel to
the pulling end as shown in Figure 2.

3.4.4 All three subducts must be pulled at the same time.

3.4.5 Cutting subducts

i. Ensure sufficient nylon rope for pulling optic cable before cutting
the subducts of the required length.

ii. Subducts shall only be cut at right angles to the bore with a sharp
blade around the subduct according to the requirements of the
work and ensure no deformation during cutting.

3.5 Termination of subducts at the manhole

i. Insert an O-ring over each subduct 70 mm from its ends.

ii. Insert the three subducts into PVC plate B.

iii. Secure PVC plate by bolting two of its diagonal corners to the manhole
wall.

iv. Again insert the O-ring over the subducts at the front of the plate and
ensure that the plate is closely fitted to the duct entrance.
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v. Make a 1 inch slit at the side of each subduct mouth and slide the end of
nylon rope to prevent it from moving into the subduct before closing with
the end cap.

vi. Ensure end caps ere tightly fitted to the subduct mouth.

Refer to Figure 3 for the arrangement of accessories at manhole.

Two PVC plates, twelve O-rings and twelve (depending on quantity of spare
subducts) end caps are required in each manhole.

3.6 Termination of subducts at cable chamber

3.6.1 Follow procedure 3.4 (i) to (iii). Then, subducts must be cut in line with
the duct mouth as shown in Figure 4.


4. ACCEPTANCE TESTING

4.1. On completion of the subduct line between any jointing chambers or sites thereof,
test each subduct lines by using a mandrel as shown in Figure 5. Installation can
only be approved once a complete length of subducts is installed with the
complete accessories and sufficient nylon rope for further cable installation is
available.

4.2. All installation shall be carried out in the presence of the Superintendent Officer
and if any obstruction or defect is discovered, it shall be rectified forwith to his
satisfaction.


5. END CAP SOCKET

After every subduct lines are installed and tested, fix the end caps to the subduct ends for
protection. The end caps shall be removed for cable installation.


6. Figure 6 shows the installation of a subduct section.










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SECTION V



INSTALLATION OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE INTO SUBDUCTS







NO.
CONTENTS
PAGE
1. GENERAL 1
2. TOOLS AND MATERIALS 1
3. PRECAUTIONS 3
4. METHOD OF CABLE LAYING INTO SUBDUCTS 5
5. LABELING 12
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INSTALLATION OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE INTO SUBDUCTS



1. GENERAL

This specification describes the practices for optical fibre cable installation in subducts and
the precautions taken during its handling. Its jointing and splicing specifications are
described in Section IX and X respectively.


2. TOOLS AND MATERIALS

The following main tools and materials (with their usage) are required for installation of
optical fibre cable into subduct.


2.1. Tools & devices

No. Tools & Devices Usage
1 Safety Cone. Traffic safety device or warning.
2 Barrier & Barricades. Traffic safety device or warning.
3 Flags. Traffic safety device or warning.
4 Canvas Tent & Frame G.I. For workmen working shade.
5 Flashing Light. Traffic warning device at night.
6 Manhole Key. For opening the manhole cover.
7 Gas Detector. To detect any dangerous gases present in
manhole.
8 Water Pump. To pump out water in manhole.
9 Portable Generator. To supply electrical power (e.g. for a blower
power supply)
10 Exhaust Fan/Blower. To send in fresh air into the manhole.
11 Cable Jack For cable drumjacking.
12 Rodding Tools (PVC Type). For rodding through a duct or subduct.
13 Cable Cutter. To cut the cable neatly and easily.
14 Cable Grip. To grip the cable pulling end.
15 Shackle. To connect the cable pulling end and the pulling
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No. Tools & Devices Usage
rope.
16 Swivel To prevent cable twisting during pulling work.
17 Pulling rope. For pulling the cable.
18 Cable Roller To guide cable into duct or subduct.
19 Cable Protecting Bend (cable
guide).
To prevent the cable or duct socket from damage
when pulling cable into duct/subduct.
20 Tension Meter
(Dynamometer).
To measure the pulling tension.
21 PVC Sheeting
(6mx 3m).
For cable protection while working on Figure
8.
22 Transceiver/Walkie talkie. To communicate between positions of cable
sending and pulling ends during cable laying
work.
23 Pliers, cutting nippers, etc. General usage.


2.2. Materials


No Materials Usage

1. PVC Tape. For protection of cable gripand installation or
miscellaneous use.
2. Galvanized Iron Wire. For binding the cable grip and installation or
miscellaneous use.
3a. Cable Bracket of Fixed Type
(Cable Bearer).

For supporting the optical
b. Cable Bracket of Sliding
Type (Cable Bearer
Bracket).
fibre cable in the manhole.
4. Closure Supporting Plate. To support the joint closure on the Cable Bearer
Bracket.
5. Anti-Floating Device To prevent the Cable Bearer Bracket from
moving (floating).
6a. Cable Tie #3 For fixing optical fibre cables to the cable bearer
bracket. Also used to secure both ends of
marking tape wrapped around optic cable.
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No Materials Usage

b. Cable Tie #6 For fixing the joint closure to the closure
supporting plate
7. Protection Tubes (Helically
Coiled)
For protection of fibre cables carrying heavy
traffic and important circuits.
8. Orange Marking Tape To differentiate fibre optic cables fromcopper
cables.
9. Cotton Waste For miscellaneous use.




3. PRECAUTIONS

3.1 Handling of optical fibre cable drums

a) During loading or unloading, cable drum must not be subjected to any
severe shock or damage and not to be rolled freely down a slope.

b) Drums shall never be rolled at any distance for the purpose of
transportation except for short movements around a manhole or cable
jointing place.

For short movements, drums shall always be rolled in the direction of the
arrow marked on their flanges or battens.

c) Drums shall always remain battened until just before the beginning of
actual cable installation work.


3.2 Allowable tension and laying speed

Cables shall be laid not exceeding a specified pulling tension. During cable
installation, do not jerk the cable or stop immediately during pulling, but it shall
always be kept under uniform pulling tension.


3.2.1 Allowable tension

A maximum pulling force for the present contracts (Tomen,
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Marconi/Hesfibel , Opcomand Perwira Ericsson) are stated below:

CONTRACT NO. OF CORES MAX. PULLING
FORCE

TOMEN

4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36 & 48

1.7 KN
MARCONI/
HESFIBEL
4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48 & 96 1.1 KN
OPCOM 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48 & 96 2 KN
PERWIRA
ERICSSON
4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48 & 96 2.5 KN

Table 1


3.2.2 Adjustment of pulling tension

Pulling force shall be handled by manual manpower or a suitable pulling
equipment such as fibre cable winch. During cable pulling the tension
between the head pulling end and intermediate pulling end shall be
synchronised where communication among workmen in manhole sections
can be done by using transceivers.


3.2.3 Laying speed

The laying speed shall be less than 15 m/min.


3.3 Permissible cable bending radius

Optical fibre cable shall be handled very carefully and keeping as large a curvature
as possible. During cable laying, the minimum bending radius of cables shall be
more than 20 times of the outer cable diameter. When setting the cable, the bending
radius may be reduced to 10 times the outer cable diameter.





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3.4 Length of cable end for jointing

Before cutting the fibre cable, sufficient overlap length of 150 cm shall be given for
jointing cable ends. See Fig. 1.


4. METHOD OF CABLE LAYING INTO SUBDUCTS


4.1 Checks and investigations before cable laying

The following tasks shall be performed before starting of cable laying:-

4.1.1. Confirmation of manhole

Confirm the position, type and span of the manholes with the related
subduct plans.


4.1.2. Preparation of worksite manhole.

a) Place the manhole guards, safety devices and warning sign such as
fences, safety cones, flashing lights, red flags, sign posts, etc.
around manhole before removing the manhole covers.

b) When working in manhole, the first warning notice should be
placed at 70 to 100 metres fromhazard, but on high speed roads, it
should be 100 to 200 metres ahead. Where one half of a high speed
road is closed, it should be 400 to 500 metres ahead. Position the
flagmen when necessary.

c) Test for the present explosive gases, asphyxiating gases, toxic
gases and stagnant water in manhole by using a gas detector or
other suitable means. If required, necessary actions (before
workmen enters the manhole) shall be taken for easy and safe work
performance as follows:

i. Pumping water out of manhole and cleaning.

ii. Ventilation to get rid of harmful gases.




4.1.3. Identification and confirmation of duct and subduct.

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a) Check the position of duct and subducts where cables are to be
installed.

b) Confirm the draw rope (nylon rope for corrugated subduct) is
installed.

i. Cable test-piece passing (as described below) should be done if
draw rope is available.

- A cable test-piece passing having the same diameter as the
outer cable diameter or more with a length of about 2 m is
passed through the subduct to check the degree of scratches
received by the sheath of the cable test-piece.

The cable test-piece is coated with black enamel to
facilitate easy inspection for scratches. Also swivels are
attached to it at both ends. The inspection results gives a
basis for the judgement of subduct conditions and whether
the cable can be laid into the subduct smoothly or not.

ii. If the draw rope is not available, rodding process should
proceed as follows before cable test-piece passing is done.

- When the top end of the rod (e.g. rigid PVC pipes) reaches
an adjacent manhole, a pulling rope is attached to their tail
end. This pulling rope shall be passed through the subduct
by pulling the rod out of the subduct.

- For a short section duct, rodding may be achieved with a
pulling rope directly inserted into the subduct.

Suitable remedial measures such as alteration or repair should be taken
after consultation with the Superintendent Officer when it is impossible to
performrodding due to a damaged or clogged duct or subducts, having a
level difference, etc.

4.1.4. Existing cable rearrangement

Due to changes in bends, fixing positions or other works in a manhole, the
existing cable shall not be rearranged unless necessary. Adequate
protective measures shall be taken as required for existing cables installed
in the relevant manholes.



4.1.5. Cable drumconfirmation

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The cable drum number, cable piece length, cable size and cable pulling
end (clockwise and counterclockwise) shall be confirmed by comparing
with straight line diagram or other related design drawings.

4.2. Positioning of cable drum

a) The cable drumsetting position is determined when considering the cable
laying direction. The cable drum shall be placed on the same side of the
manhole as the cable laying direction, and in line with the duct/subduct so
that the cable can be reeled-out into the sub-duct in a smooth curve without
being kinked. Figure 2 shows the setting position for a cable drum.

b) The cable drum is jacked up using cable jacks. It is important to make the
drumshaft horizontal by adjusting the cable jacks.

c) The firmly fitted battens on the cable drum shall be removed carefully to
prevent cable damage.

4.3. Attachment of pulling rope to cable end

The running end of a cable is called the pulling end which must endure the pulling
tension. The method of attaching the pulling end is classified into the categories
according to the type of cable used as follows:

a) For a pulling end not provided with pulling eye, a cable grip, shackle,
swivel and a pulling rope are attached as shown in Figure 3a. The cable
grip and tension member in a cable should be embodied together to keep
allowable pulling tension of fibre cores.

b) For a pulling end provided with a pulling eye at the cable factory or at
installation site, a cable grip is not used. A shackle, a swivel and a pulling
rope can be attached directly to the pulling eye as described in Figure 3b.

To prevent cable twisting during cable laying, a swivel should always be
used in the position between the cable grip (or pulling eye) and the pulling
rope.







4.4. Cable laying

4.4.1. Liaison arrangement

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During cable laying, liaison men should be placed between the lead-in and
take-out manholes to maintain close communication by using transceiver
or other device to cope with the cable laying work.

4.4.2. Reeling-out cable

a) When reeling-out cable, use cable roller at the lead-in manhole and
cable protecting bend (cable guide) at the subduct mouth for cable
protection as illustrated in Figure 4.

b) The presence of cable damage should be carefully checked while
the cable is being reeled out.

4.4.3. Laying method.

There are three methods of laying the optical fibre cable(as described in
Figure 5):

i. Unidirectional pulling.
ii. Bi-directional pulling.
iii. Intermediate manual pulling.

4.4.3.1. Unidirectional pulling

This method is applicable for pulling short length of cable
within 1 km. It can be pulled manually or by using an automatic
mechanism such as fibre cable winch.

a. Manual pulling method

To pull optic cable manually, workmen shall be placed at
every manhole to assist the pulling operation under the
specified pulling tension (as described in Table 1) towards
the splice location. In this case, preparing cable in the form
of Figure 8 is not required.

b. Automatic pulling method (using fibre cable winch)

This method is still under feasibility study. When the
method is found suitable and approved, the detail work
procedure and the relevant specification will be added.

4.4.3.2. Bi-directional Pulling

This method is recommended for considerably complicated
cable routes having curves or level difference of subducts at
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pull through manholes and installation of cable lengths greater
than 1 km.

a. Bi-directional pulling method

i. Place the cable drum at the midpoint of the cable length (to
be located at the nearest manhole).

ii. Pull the cable towards one of the splice locations into
subducts in continuous operation.

iii. Uncoil the shorter cable length for the second pull on a
PVC sheeting placed on the ground in the formof Figure
8 on top of the other so that cable is not twisted and
damaged.

A suitable space measuring about 6m x 3mis necessary for
uncoiling the cable. This operation is shown in Figure 6.

iv. Pull the cable end of the uncoiled cable into the opposite
direction.


4.4.3.3. Intermediate manual pull

This method is recommended for pulling cable in straight route
and distance greater than 1 km by using manual pulling
method. However, the other method is by using an automatic
mechanism as described in 4.4.3.1.b above.

a. Manual pulling method:

i. Place the cable drum at the end of the cable length (to be
located at the nearest manhole. Refer to Fig. 2).

ii. Attach the pulling rope to the cable end.

iii. Pull the cable towards one of the splice locations into
subduct in continuous operation.

iv. After pulling the cable through four or five manholes
(average of 1 km distance), make Figure of 8 until all the
cable is uncoiled.

v. Pull the cable towards the splice location as described in
para a(iii). For the cable length is greater than 2 km per
drum, repeat the procedure as described in para a(iv).
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A manual pulling method is as shown in Fig. 7.


4.4.4. Checks and treatment after cable laying:

a. Storing excess cable

After the cable length has been laid into the subduct, sufficient
excess length for jointing, testing and restoration should be stored
at each jointing manholes.

The formula for cable allowance calculation for each cable end is as
follows:

No. Location Formula
1. Jointing manhole 3L +2W +H
2. Pull-through manhole 2H +L
3. Pull through manhole (Potential
growth areas)

3L +2W +2H

where, L =length of manhole/joint box
W =width of manhole/joint box
H =height of manhole/joint box

b. Cable setting in manhole

The cables should be set in the manhole in conformity with the
following principles:-

i. Cables entering/leaving the manhole should be avoided
from crossing and cables shall be given a well protected
position (refer to Figure 8 and 9).

ii. During positioning of cables, bend when required and with
careful attention given to the permissible bending radius.

iii. When bending cable, the following cable length should be
kept straight.

- minimum 6 cm from a duct inlet.
- minimum 6 cm from a cable joint end.

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iv. All cables passing through manholes must be tied together
to the cable bearer bracket by using cable tie no. 3. Refer to
Figure 9.

v. A cable joint should be kept horizontal as much as possible.

vi. At jointing manhole, four additional cable bearers (to be
installed at both end walls) must be installed to support the
cable.Refer to Appendix I for its details. Lay and tie the
cable on the bearer bracket by using cable tie no. 3. Refer to
Figure 8.

vii. When a cable joint is partially located to one side of a
manhole, the space between the cable joint end and the duct
inlet should be kept at more than 60 cm.

viii. A supporting plate shall be used to support the jointing
closure which is placed between cable bearer brackets. The
jointing closure is then tied to the supporting plate using
cable tie no. 6.

ix. An anti-floating device must be attached together to the
cable bearer bracket to prevent the cable bearer bracket
from floating during water level rise inside the manhole.

x. In manholes constructed at both ends of a bridge, cable
slack of more than 100 cmlong should be provided to
absorb cable creep caused by the expansion and contraction
of the cable laid over the bridge because of temperature
variations.

xi. Anti-creepage devices shall be installed when necessary
(along highways and hill stations) to prevent cable
creepage.

xii. The cable entries at cable chamber shall be sealed after
each cable installation with duct sealing ring or duct plug/
SVT blocks (Isolectra contract - K 46920084) .

xiii. In manholes or cable chamber which have many fibre
cables (carrying heavy traffic and important circuits), the
optical fibre cable shall be protected using helically coiled
protectors or its equivalents at the required lengths such as
at jointing closure, from subduct to cable bearer or other
parts when necessary. For easy identification of optical
without protection tubing, an orange marking tape shall be
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wrapped around the cable throughout its length in the
manhole. See Figure 10.

4.4.5. Site clearing

After cable laying and its treatment have been completed, the road surface
and warning signs must be removed. Cart away all rubbish made after
completion.


5. LABELING

Optical cable installed in manholes, cable chambers (both at entry and leaving points and
every 10 m apart), carrier room and SDF room must be marked. The marking tag shall be
made of metallic or plastic (waterproof) material. It shall be fitted 7 cm away from cable
joints. The example of the marking tag drawing is shown in Figure 11.

The marking tag shall consists of the following particulars:

a) Type and size of cable
b) Route name
c) Contract number
d) Date of installation
e) Cable section code.












Note:

Cable section code comprises of:

a) Network code i.e. Nxx - where, x is numeric
b) Cable section number
(Refer to Planning Specs PL 0301)




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TELEKOM MALAYSIA BERHAD
TYPE
SINGLE MODE OPTICAL
FIBRE CABLE
SIZE 12 CORES
ROUTE NAME TAR WISMA BERNAMA
CABLE SECTION CODE N01 9
CONTRACT NUMBER K 1062/91
DATE OF INSTALLATION 20 JAN 1993



FIG. 11 : SAMPLE OF MARKING TAG


















Appendi x I - a

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STANDARD ACCESSORIES REQUIRED FOR BOTH EXISTING AND NEW MANHOLES


The dr awi ng of t he speci f i ed hei ght ( H) and l engt h ( L) of accessor i es i n Tabl es
1 and 2 shal l be r ef er r ed t o f i gur e 8a.

Si de Wal l End Wal l Manhol e Type
H1 L1 H2 L2
J C9 & J C9C 800 mm 245 mm 240 mm 167 mm
R1B( M) & R2A 1280 mm 345 mm 560 mm 245 mm
R2A( M) & above 1280 mm 500 mm 560 mm 345 mm


Tabl e 1 : Cabl e bear er and cabl e bear er br acket s f or exi st i ng manhol e



Si de Wal l End Wal l Manhol e Type
H1 L1 H2 L2
J C9 & J C9C 800 mm 245 mm 240 mm 167 mm
R1B( M) & R2A 1520 mm 345 mm 560 mm 245 mm
R2A( M) 1520 mm 500 mm 560 mm 345 mm


Table 2 : cable bearer and cable bearer brackets for new manhole



Material requirement :-


a) High quality mild steel
b) The surface shall be smooth and continuously hot-dip galvanised according to B.S. 729 with
minimum thickness of 86 microns.

Appendi x I - b


Note :-

1. For existing manholes, cable bearers and cable bearer brackets specified in Table 1 shall
be installed above the duct nest whenever is required.

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2. For new manholes, cable bearers and cable bearer brackets specified in Table 2 shall be
installed above the duct nest as basic accessories.

3. The cable bearer and cable bearer bracket sizes are as follows:-

Cable bearer

a) Type 1 = 800 mm
b) Type 2 = 1280 mm
c) Type N1 = 240 mm (new)
d) Type N2 = 560 mm (new)
e) Type N3 = 1520 mm (new)

Cable bearer bracket

a) Bracket No. 6 = 167 mm
b) Bracket No. 8 = 245 mm
c) Bracket No. 12 =345 mm
d) Bracket No. 8 = 500 mm
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SECTION VI



INSTALLATION OF AERIAL OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE







NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. GENERAL 1
2. TOOLS AND MATERIALS 1
3. GENERAL PRECAUTION 2
4. SITE PREPARATION BEFORE INSTALLATION OF AERIAL
CABLE
3
5. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CABLE ERECTION 3
6. PRECAUTIONS DURING INSTALLATION PROCESS 4
7. PROCEDURE OF INSTALLATION 5
8. TERMINATION OF IB OPTICAL CABLE 6
9. TENSIONING AND SAGGING 6
10. INSTALLATION OF AERIAL CABLE J OINT 7
11. INTEGRAL BEARER WIRE EARTH SYSTEMS 8
12. LABELING OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE 9
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INSTALLATION OF AERIAL OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE


1. GENERAL

The specification below describes the details of installation of aerial optical fibre cable and
the precautions to be taken during installation of the cables to avoid any mishandling and
damaging of optical fibre cable. Its jointing and splicing procedures are described in
Section IX and X respectively.


2. TOOLS AND MATERIALS

The following main tools and materials are required for aerial IB optical fibre cable
installation.

2.1. Tools

No. Tools & Mechanical Aids Usage

1. Cable Cutter. For cutting cable or bearer wire of optical
fibre cable.
2. Bearer Wire Grip. To grip bearer wire cable for tensioning.
3. Cable Grip. To grip the cable pulling end.
4. Swivel. To prevent twisting when cable is installed.
5. Cable Pulley no. 2.
Cable Pulley no. 4.
For reducing the stress on the cable while
tensioning at intermediate and corner
poles.
6. Pulling Rope. For pulling the cable.
7. Cable Jacking For cable drum jacking.
8. Cable Trailer. For carrying cable drumto the site.
9. Crowbar. For temporary anchor when tensioning the
cable.
10. Dynamometer / Tension Meter. To measure cable tension.
11. Tirfor TU 16 Machine. For tensioning of IB optical fibre cable.
12. Cable Tensioning Hoist. For tensioning short spans of cable
termination.
For holding tensioned cable temporarily.
12. PVC Sheeting.
(6m X 3m)
For cable protection while working on
Figure 8.
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2.2 Materials:

No. Materials Usage

1. PVC Tape. For protection of IB optical fibre cable sheath and
for miscellaneous use.
2. Bracket Tabular Pole For mounting of IB cable suspension clamp to pole.
3. Cable Clamp. For holding the optical fibre bearer wire on pole.
4. Steel Clamp. For clamping GI pipe (riser) to pole.
5. Support Hook. For mounting of IB cable clamp to bracket tabular
pole.
6. Thimble Small Open. To attach the IB optical fibre cable bearer wire with
bracket tabular pole.
7. Preformed Grip. To anchor the bearer wire of IB optical fibre cable
on the bracket tabular pole.
To joint the bearer wire.
8. Preformed Splice. To joint the bearer wire of IB optical fibre cable.
9. Openable Wire Jointing
Connector.
For connecting bearer wire to earth.
10. Line Spacer (Steel type). To hold optical cables at jointing locations and
prevent the cable from swinging and twisting
during strong wind.
11. Cable Tie no. 3 For tying cable at termination points.
Cable Tie no. 6 For tying jointing closure at termination points.
12. GI Support Wire To support jointing closure between pole span at
jointing point.


3. GENERAL PRECAUTION

To reduce the pulling tension, bi-directional pulling in the formof Figure 8 is chosen for
the installation of aerial optical cable. When working on Figure 8, a PVC sheeting with
minimumsize 6m x 3m shall be used to protect the cable fromdamage. Fig. 1 shows this
operation. Other general precautions are similar to the laying of optical fibre cable into
sub-ducts.




4. SITE PREPARATION BEFORE INSTALLATION OF AERIAL CABLE

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i. Provide the safety guards and warning sign in order to provide safeguards and
warning for pedestrians and vehicles.

ii. Where the aerial cable route is expected to pass over private land, get the owner's
agreement in advance and care should be taken to minimise their inconvenience.

iii. Before erecting cable all permanent staying must be completed, fit temporary stays
where necessary at intermediate terminating points. Ensure that all poles are safe to
climb.

iv. Fit the necessary fittings on the poles and place cable pulleys with the opening
sides as near as possible to the pole fittings.

v. Note the location of all power wires crossing the route and take the necessary
precautions to ensure safe working condition during erection of the cable.


5. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CABLE ERECTION

i. Aerial cable shall be suspended on the side of the pole facing the road. New cable
shall be suspended underneath the existing cable on pole line. In case of new pole,
the aerial cable shall be suspended 230mmfromthe top of the pole (first hole of
concrete pole).

ii. The minimumclearance from the ground to the lowest point of the cable at the
different locations stated below shall be as follows:-

NO LOCATION MIN. DISTANCE
1. Along road. 4.5 m.
2. At road crossing. 5.5 m.
3. At railway crossing. 6.7 m above rail
4. From power cables :
a) Less than 600 Volt
b) More than 600 Volt

60 cm.
200 cm.

Table 1

iii. The allowable sag of optical fibre cable for average span of 40 to 50 meters shall be
up to 1 meter (2% of the span length) between the poles.

Note:-
In the case of using Kevlar optical integral bearer cable, the span between the poles
shall be according to the specified recommendation by the supplier.

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iv. The erection tension shall be selected so as not to exceed 50% of the tensile
strength of the suspension strand under the most unfavorable loading conditions.
A maximum pulling force for the present contracts (Tomen, Marconi/Hesfibel
Opcom and Perwira Ericsson) are stated below:

CONTRACT NO. OF CORES MAX. PULLING
FORCE
TOMEN 4,6,8,12,24&36 8 KN
MARCONI/HESFIBEL 4,6,8,12,24&36 1.1 KN
OPCOM 4,6,8,12,24&36 15 KN
PERWIRA ERICSSON 4,6,8,12,24,36&48 9KN

Table 2

v. Suspension strands (bearer wire) shall be electrically continuous throughout the
cable length.

vi. Splicing shall be carried out immediately after placing the cable. The splices shall
always be located in the vicinity of the pole.


6. PRECAUTIONS DURING INSTALLATION PROCESS

i. Uncoiled fibre cables shall always be lifted up when carrying it. Do not drag cables
on the ground, nor contact the fibre cable with power lines, trees, buildings etc.
during erection. When working near power lines adequate safety measures should
be taken.

ii. All cables shall be handled with care to avoid damaging the insulation. Do not tread
on cable, pull over rough ground, fences or run over it with vehicles.

iii. The laying speed shall be lower than 15 meter per minute. The bending radius of
cable should be kept at more than 20 times the outer cable diameter.


7. PROCEDURE OF INSTALLATION

The length of cable laid depends upon the span lengths, terrain and other field conditions.
However, in straight sections, a maximumof seven spans or approximately 350 meters
shall usually be laid at any one time.

Comment [x1]:
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A supervisor must be positioned to places where abrasion against buildings, trees, ground
and especially power lines is anticipated. It is recommended to plant another pole or take
other adequate counter measures in such places.

i. There are two methods of placing the cable drum:

a. The cable drumis placed on vehicle/cable trailer. As the vehicle moves along
the road side, the cable pulling end is carefully uncoiled and laid onto the
ground. The cable shall be carefully lifted by hand. It must not be dragged
along the road or run over by other vehicles.

b. For a cable drum length of 3 kmand straight route, place the cable drum at the
midpoint of the cable length. Carefully pull the cable towards one of splice
location, then make a Figure of 8 until all the cable is uncoiled.

ii. The cable is raised and placed onto the pulley which is attached to the pole
manually (as in Figure 2).

iii. Terminate the free end (pulling end) of the cable and ensure sufficient length is
available for testing and splicing as described in para 8 below.

iv. Using a Tensioning Hoist or Tirfor TU 16 Machine with Dynamometer, follow the
procedure as described in para 9 for cable tensioning and sagging.

v. Fixing of Bearer Wire to cable clamp.

Bearer wire shall be fixed to the cable clamp as follows:-

a) Insert the bearer wire to the bearer wire fixing groove provided in the
clamp.

b) Tighten it with two clamp bolts.

c) Fix the fitting bolts to the clamp as shown in Figure 3.

d) Fix it to the support hook attached to bracket tubular pole as shown in
Figure 4.




8. TERMINATION OF IB OPTICAL CABLE

At the end of cable installation, terminate the bearer wire with preformed grip as shown in
Fig. 5(a) and 5(b) at the following:

a. Beginning and the end of route;
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b. Distribution poles;

c. Angle poles where deviation of the route is greater than 45
o
;

d. All river and railway crossings;

e. Poles where two cables are jointed;

f. Each end of isolated long spans greater than 200 m.


8.1 Through double termination

The bearer wire is terminated on both sides of pole with thimbles and preformed
grip. Whenever possible, the IB optical fibre cable is terminated without cutting the
cable as shown in Figure 6.

8.2 Connection of Bearer Wires.

When connecting the bearer wires of IB optical fibre cable, use a preformed splice
or preformed grip as shown in Fig.7(a) and 7(b).


9. TENSIONING AND SAGGING

i. The procedure of cable tensioning shall be as follows:

a. Ensure that the bearer wire at the starting point is first terminated with
preformed grip as in Fig. 5b.

b. After binding the pulling rope on the top of the pole and grasping the bearer
wire with a cable grip, attach cable tensioning hoist (as shown in Figure 8)
between the pulling rope and cable grip. Refer Fig. 9.

c. The metal pulleys shall remain on the poles except those at the starting and
ending points. Tensioning of the bearer wire shall be controlled by the
cable tensioning hoist until a balanced tension can be obtained as specified
in Table 2.

d. In order to obtain the correct sag of each span, measure the depth of the
sagging and adjust the tension with the cable tensioning hoist by repeating
it several times.

ii. For a long section of termination, attach the Tirfor TU 16 Machine and
Dynamometer as illustrated in Figure 10 for tensioning the cable.

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iii. After completing the tensioning work and tearing the bearer wire from the cable
web at the ending point, the preformed grip shall be stranded firmly on the peeled
bearer wire in same manner as mentioned in para 9(i) above.

iv. Removing of all temporary stays, struts and pulleys.

The maximum pulling force of optical fibre cable for aerial installation, 4 to 48
cores must follow the specified force as in Table 2.


10. INSTALLATION OF AERIAL CABLE JOINT

The three major activities are as follows:

a. Preparation of sufficient cable length for jointing.
b. Fixing of support wire for holding jointing closure.
c. Installation of jointing closure.

10.1. Excess cable for jointing.

In this case, sufficient cable length must be left for jointing as shown in Table 3 and
Figure 11.

Extra Length on Light-Source side 1300 cm
Extra Length on Light-Receiving side 1400 cm

Table 3

10.2 Fixing support wire for holding jointing closure.

a. Install bracket tabular poles and stays 50 cm below the aerial cable at both
poles of the jointing position.

b. Fix GI stranded supporting wire between the poles and securely fasten to
the poles.


Refer to Fig.12.

10.3 Install joint closure.

Splicing is performed at ground level. Method of splicing is similar to other
splicing of optical cables. (Refer to Section X for splicing of fibre ends). After IB
optical fibre cable is jointed, the closure is brought up and tied to the support wire
about 50 cmbelow the aerial cable by using cable tie no.6.

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The extra maintenance length cable is arranged in a loop formation and a steel line
spacer is installed on both sides of closure to prevent cable bending beyond
permissible radius.

The fixing of closure is as shown in Figure 13.


11. INTEGRAL BEARER WIRE EARTH SYSTEMS

i. The importance of earthing system for aerial optical cable installation is to prevent
power surge along the metallic conductor at both ends of a cable route and jointing
locations.


ii. The required grounding locations shall be as follows:-

a. Dead-end or terminal pole
b. Poles holding supporting wire for jointing closures
c. At every interval of approximately 250 m
d. Other locations than those mentioned above where grounding is considered
to be necessary from the electrical point of view.

iii. Jointing the bearer wires at terminating points.

The bearer wires on either side of a terminating point shall be jointed to each other
to provide the necessary continuity. The connection could be done by a suitable
size openable wire jointing connectors, type HD 10 or HD 12A.


iv. Connecting earth wire to bearer wire.

a. Connect `tail' of bearer wire to an earth wire 7/1.04 mm(tinned) with a
suitable size bimetallic openable wire jointing connector as shown in Fig.
14.

b. At the identified earthing locations, slide the bearer wire through the riser
to the earth.

c. At the existing copper route, earthing can be done by connecting the optical
fibre bearer wire to the copper bearer wire.


12. LABELLING OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE

All optical fibre cables should be labeled using the identification tag (collet) so that they
can be easily identified.

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12.1 Label information.

The label should contain the following information:

i. Type and size of cable.
ii. Route name.
iii. Contract number.
iv. Date of installation.
v. Cable section code.

Note:
Cable section code comprises of:
a) Network code i.e. Nxx - where, x is numeric
b) Cable section code

12.2 Fixing of labels

The labels are fitted at:

i. Starting points.
ii. Every 350 meters or 7 spans (both sides).
iii. Every jointing points.
iv. Ending points.










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SECTION VII



INSTALLATION OF DIRECT BURIED OPTICAL CABLE







NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. GENERAL 1
2. PRECAUTIONS 1
3. ROUTE DESIGN 2
4. TRENCHING 2
5. INSTALLATION OF DIRECT BURIED OPTICAL CABLE 3
6. CABLE LAYING INTO TRENCH 5
7. JOINT BOX 8
8. CABLE JOINT 8
9. EARTHING 8
10. ARMOURING TREATMENT 8
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INSTALLATION OF DIRECT BURIED OPTICAL CABLE


1. GENERAL

This section describes the methods and practices used in direct buried optical cable
installation. This application is mostly used in providing services to rural areas.


2. PREPARATIONS AND PRECAUTIONS

The following preparations shall be made and precautions taken when installing direct
buried optical cables.

2.1. Permits

Permits shall be required for the following works:

a) Excavation of land belonging to the highway authorities, local authorities
and other road authorities.
b) Excavation of private land.
c) Temporary use of the roads or private land for construction work.
d) Blasting (At Rocky Terrain).
e) Jacking pipe under streets or railway.
f) River or stream crossing.
g) Bridge crossing.
h) Temporary traffic close/diversion.

2.2 Safety

a) While excavation or cable laying work along or across highways, streets
or alleys, special care must be taken to minimise traffic interference. It
may be necessary to provide adequate structure to support ground opening
suitable for any traffic which is likely to pass over it.

b) All ground openings, construction materials, excavated soils, cable drum,
machinery on streets, highways or other accessible locations shall be
protected with standard warning devices, in compliance with the
requirement of the Police Department, Public Works Department, the
municipality or any local authority and the Rules of Traffic Ordinance
1958.





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c) Workmen working on the roadway shall wear blazed orange vests to alert
traffic. All vehicles parked near the workmen must have suitable warning
devices such as flashing or rotating amber lights.


3. ROUTE DESIGN

Detail route survey is required to ascertain the following points in order to ensure smooth
execution of the project.

3.1. Location

Select a permanent location for buried plant and consider factors such as
right-of-way limitations, soil type, natural obstacles, other utilities and services,
future road expansion and natural land movements.

It is important to select cable routes on the same side of the road but opposite of
power cables. As far as possible avoid crossing the road frequently.

3.2 Test Digging (Pilot holes)

After confirming the cable route, test digging shall be executed along the route at
every corner and at the places where other underground facilities are likely to
exist.

3.3 Measuring Route Length

After recognising the condition of the existing underground facilities, the suitable
digging position must be determined.


4. TRENCHING

Trenching is usually the method used in areas where other buried facilities are located.

4.1. The machineries required for underground cabling such as excavators, trenching
machines shall be decided according to local conditions including soil types.

4.2. At the start of construction, verify clearly defined object such as edge of curb,
pole, fire hydrant etc. for the centre line of excavation. Then indicate the direction
and distance on the blue print.

4.3. Before starting burying operations, avoid exposing or making contact with the
underground facilities belonging to third parties.


5. INSTALLATION OF DIRECT BURIED OPTICAL CABLE
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5.1. Dimension of trench

The size of trench shall have the following dimension:

Normal Soil Rocky Terrain
Width
Depth
20cm
80cm
20cm
60cm

5.2. Installation in normal soil

5.2.1 In normal soil condition the optical cables shall be buried to a depth of
80cm and UPVC / concrete (complete with marker tape) slabs (as shown
in Figure 1(a) and 1(b) or 1(c)) shall be buried continuously at a depth of
30cm below ground level along the cable length.

5.2.2 Cover the bottom of trench with 10cm sand before laying optical cable.
Then fill up another 10cm to a total 20cm thick.

5.2.3 Backfill the trench with excavated earth free from stones and carefully
compact it around the cable. Refer to Fig.2(a). Refer to Specification WE
304 - Construction of manholes, jointboxes and laying of ducts for
definition and quality of soil.

5.3. Installation in Rocky Terrain

5.3.1. Extreme care shall be taken when burying optical cable in rocky
terrain. Avoid contact with rocks, stones and other similar heavy and
sharp objects in the trench.

5.3.2. The bottom of trench shall be covered with sand before laying the
cable and cover the cable again with sand to a depth of 20cm from the
bottom of trench. Refer to Fig. 2 (b).

5.3.3 In places where the original depth cannot be maintained for a long
period, uPVC slabs shall be laid halfway in between ground level and
sand. See Figure 2 (b).

5.4. Protection of Optical Buried Cable against existing utilities

Before laying cables along highways or ordinary roads protective measures must
be taken to protect the cable against damage at the crossing over water culverts
and existing utilities such as water mains, sewage, etc. especially when digging
the soil around them.

i. Where burying depth is between 40cm to 80cm, a layer of UPVC/concrete
slabs shall be laid 30cm above the cables. The minimum clearance
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between optical fibre cable and the culvert shall be 15cm as shown in Fig.
3(a).

ii. In places where burying depth is between 20cm to 40cm, optical fibre
cable is laid in 1 inch GI pipe until reaching the depth of 80cm as shown
in Fig.3 (b). The minimum clearance between culvert and GI pipe shall be
15cm apart.

Refer to Table 1 for the clearance with other utilities in laying of direct
buried optical cable.

Utilities Parallel Crossing
Power Line 30cm (Low Voltage)
100cm (High Voltage)
30cm
30cm
Water Supply Pipes 30cm 15cm
Sewage Pipes 30cm 15cm

Table 1. Summary of clearance between existing facilities and optical
buried cable.


5.5. Preparation for cable Laying

5.5.1. Reeling of Cable Drum

The cable shall be reeled off from the cable drum according to the
arrow mark indicating the direction of rotation of the drum.

5.5.2. Arrangement of cable

In case where more than two cables are laid in parallel, such as going
into or coming out from the exchange, they shall be spaced at
minimum by 10cm. These cables shall be tagged with collets for detail
identification.

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5.5.3. Bending radius

Optical cables shall not be bent repeatedly and shall always be handled
carefully according to the allowable bending radius (20 times of
outside diameter) during installation. During preparation for jointing
the optical cable bending may be reduced to 10 times the outer cable
diameter.

Optical cables shall never be twisted and to avoid it happening, use
swivels during installation work. (Refer to section V - Laying of
Optical Cable).

5.5.4. Laying tension

Optical cables shall be pulled with constant and smallest possible
tension. Any impact shall be avoided. Allowable tension strength
specified for each cable shall be followed.

The allowable tension strength for present contract (Marconi &
Hesfibel) are as stated below:

CONTRACT NO. OF CORES MAX. PULLING
TENSION
MARCONI 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48 & 96 1.1 KN
HESFIBEL 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48 & 96 1.1 KN


5.5.5. Laying speed

Laying speed of cables shall be less than 15m/minute.


6. CABLE LAYING INTO TRENCH


6.1 Site investigation

Before laying cables, investigation shall be made for the condition of trench.

a) Confirm whether direct laying of cables into trench is possible or cable has to
be first laid on the ground prior to laying in trench.

b) Check and confirm whether any obstruction exist on the route of cable which
requires detouring or passing underneath.

c) Investigate bypass and underground surface conditions along cable route.
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6.2. Selection of laying method

Upon the results of foregoing investigation and in consideration of the location of
drum placing and necessity of rollers, select the most suitable laying method from
the following:-

a) Movable Cable Drum Method

In cases where there are no obstruction in the trench, or conditions of bypass
and/or ground surface allow easy cable laying in the trench.

b) Fixed Cable Drum Method

In cases where some obstructions exist in the trench and conditions of either
bypass or ground surface is unfavourable to force cable route to detour or to
pass underneath.

6.3. Cable laying by Movable Cable Drum Method

i) Load cable on a truck equipped with fixed jacks or use cable carrier.

ii) Cable shall be laid directly into the trench or onto road surface alongside
the trench avoiding occurrence of twisting.

iii) Utmost care shall be taken not to twist the cable when it is shifted into
trench from ground level.

6.4 Cable laying by Fixed Drum Method

i) Setting of drum.

a) Set cable drum at the selected positions such as beginning of trench or
at the intermediate point (using Figure 8 technique).

b) Axis of cable jack shall be set horizontally.

c) Set cable drums correctly in consideration of cable laying direction.

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ii) Preparation for pulling end.

Similar method for cable pulling into sub-duct shall be applied. Refer to
Section V.

iii) Arrangement of rollers and wire rope.

Rollers shall be arranged at 5m to 10m apart on ground surface along
trench line. Pulling rope with its terminal wound to a winch is laid on the
rollers.

iv) Cable laying.

a) Optical cable shall be pulled on to the rollers manually or by using
suitable winch.

b) A workman shall be assigned at the terminal and laying shall be
continuously made with a speed of 15m/min.

c) When excessive tension occurs, the trench, rollers and optical cable
shall be checked and if there is no trouble, the cable shall be pulled
very carefully by hand or machine.

d) In case where rollers are arranged on the ground, utmost care shall be
taken not to give twisting and/or extreme bending to the cable while
laying it into the trench.

v) Liaison between workmen during laying operation.

a) Close contact between workmen at both cable ends shall be kept
during operation to respond to any minor happening through
transceivers or ATUR set.

b) Observe carefully and ensure the cable sheath is not damaged when it
passes the edge of excavation.

vi) Post laying treatment and check.

a) Check at both ends that sufficient lengths including for excess cable
length have been provided for jointing.

b) Check for exterior damage, and if any report the situation to the
superintendent officer immediately.


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7. JOINT BOX

It is recommended to use joint box JC9 (modified), drawing no. 19647, with concrete
frame and cover for convenient access to install spare cable portion and closure. The cable
inlet to the joint box shall be protected by PVC pipes up to a length of 2m measured from
the joint box wall. A supporting plate shall be used to hold jointing closure. Refer to Fig.
4(a) and (b). Five cable ties no. 3 shall be used to hold the cables together and at the cable
bearer brackets and one cable tie no. 6 shall be used to hold the closure with the supporting
plate.

Anti-floating device shall also be installed on cable bearer brackets to prevent it from
floating when water in the manhole rises.

All duct entry must be installed with duct sealing ring for protecting duct entry from silt
and dirt from coming into joint boxes. When there is cable to be installed, loosen bolts,
remove the rubber cable holder and push the cable into it.

Refer details to Figure 4 (a, b, c, d,e and f) for cable arrangement in Joint Box.


8. CABLE JOINTING

The cable jointing closure shall be set on cable bearer bracket. Splicing work must be
done above ground.


9. EARTHING

All directly buried optical cables shall be continuously connected through at each joint
location (as described in para 10) and then earthed at both end of Central Office Terminal
(COT) and Remote Terminal (RT). It is important to check and ensure the required
exchange MDF and cabinet or customers premise have sufficient earth resistance for
lightning protection system.


10. ARMOURING TREATMENT

Refer to section VII A for armouring treatment using Fujikura closure.









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SECTION VII A


TREATMENT OF ARMOURING FOR OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE






NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. GENERAL 1
2. TREATMENT PLAN 1
3. MATERIALS 1
4. PROCEDURE 2





















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TREATMENT OF ARMOURING FOR OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE


1. GENERAL

Thi s speci f i cat i on shal l appl y t o t he opt i cal f i br e cabl e j oi nt i ng wor k
usage Fuj i kur a made cl osur es.

It further describes the treatment and method of an electrical connection (bonding)
between the armouring of the optical fibre cables to be jointed.

The treatment made at the outside of closure will protect the water running between the
armouring and inner cable into the closure when the outer sheath and armouring are
broken without inner cable damage.

The procedure in this specification applies to the steel wire armouring cable as well as
thecorrugated metal armouring cable indicated in Figure 1.

2. TREATMENT PLAN

a) Fi gur e 1 ( a & b) r epr esent s t he cabl e st r uct ur e and t he l engt h of t he
compl et ed t r eat ment por t i on.

b) Fi gur e 2 r epr esent s t he cabl e l engt h t o be pr epar ed when usi ng Fuj i kur a s
st andar d cl osur e t ype FSCO- SB ( l engt h: 600mm)

When usi ng anot her cl osur e, t he pr epar ed l engt h of cabl e shal l change
accor di ng t o r equi r ed cl osur e s di mensi on.


3. MATERIALS

The cl osur e ki t shal l cont ai n t he f ol l owi ng addi t i onal i t ems :

a) Self-Bonding Tape (Fujikuras FB-W Tape)
This tape covers the connecting portion for water sealing.

b) PVC Tape
This tape is wound over the self-bonding tape for mechanical protection.

c) Insulated Wire
This wire connects the armouring of cable.



4. PROCEDURE

a) Decide the jointing position. Remove the outer sheath and armouring to the
required length.

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Do not remove the inner sheath at this time.
( The treatment of the armouring connection is performed before splicing and
assembling of the closure.)

b) Remove the outer sheath of the armouring, to connect the wire.

If there is a painted compound between the outer sheath and armouring, clean
this compound with solvent. (petrol, gasoline)

c) Wind the stripped wire twice around the cleaned armouring.

Fix the wound wire by soldering.

Perform the soldering work quickly with a soldering iron (100 watts or more are
required) before the inner sheath is melted.

d) Wind two layers of self-bonding tape to shape the covering.

Gradually fill the gaps between the outer sheath, armouring and inner cable by
winding the self-bonding tape.

Stretch the wire protruding position well.

e) Wind two layers of the PVC tape and cover the shaped portion.

f) J oint the inner cables and optical fibres.

g) Complete.











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SECTION VIII



INSTALLATION OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE ON
HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL CABLE RACKING







NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. EXTERNAL OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE 1
2. HORIZONTAL CABLE TRAY 2
3. INSTALLATION OF LADDER RACKING FOR FIBRE
TERMINATION BOX (FTB)
2
4. INSTALLATION OF SUPERSTRUCTURE 2
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INSTALLATION OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE ON
HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL CABLE RACKING


1. EXTERNAL OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE

1.1. All fibre optic cables to be installed in cable chamber/tunnel must be placed on
horizontal racking (cable tray).

1.2. In order to run fibre optic cables up to the different levels of the MDF/SDF
rooms, all fibre cables must be tied to vertical (ladder) racking.

1.3. External optical fibre cables to be terminated must be arranged neatly in one
loop on the horizontal racking (at equipment room) and bring down along the
ladder racking for termination with fibre cord cable.

For Termination procedure proceed to SECTION XI.

1.4. The material used for cable racking shall be made of galvanised mild steel with
thickness of 3.5 mm (hollow iron) perforated type and with a finishing of
enamel orange paint.

1.5. The width of horizontal and vertical racking used in cable trench/tunnel is 150
mm. Refer to the diagram as shown in Figure 1.

1.6. The horizontal racking shall be installed at a high position with 600 mm from
the ceiling and 25mm away from the manhole wall.

1.7. Optical fibre cables shall be placed and arranged neatly with one another and
avoid it from overlapping (only one layer is allowed).

1.8. The fibre cables are tied to the racking by using cable tie no. 1.

1.9. In order to avoid maximum tensile load for the cable running on vertical rack, it
shall be tied every meter and closer at the bends.

1.10. The cable installed shall be labeled with TM's marking tags for fibre optic
cables. Warning labels/orange tape shall be attached to the cables at exposed
locations and between different floor levels.

The arrangement of fibre optic cable inside both MDF/SDF stations is as shown
in Figure 2


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2. HORIZONTAL CABLE TRAY

2.1. The cable trays arrangement used for installing internal cables at the equipment
room shall be determined during station survey prior to preparation of
infrastructure.

2.2. The size of horizontal racking used is as shown in Figure 3 with the following
specification:

a) Spacing between iron: 300 mm
b) Width of cable tray: 300 mm
c) Cross slats: 25 x 6 mm
d) Hollow iron: 64 x 38 mm


3. INSTALLATION OF LADDER RACKING FOR FIBRE TERMINATION
BOX (FTB)

3.1. For installation of Termination Box at the MDF room, the ladder racking used
shall be of the same material as stated in para 2.2 but its width is 600mm. The
height is usually 2750mm for COT and 2100mm for RT (as shown in Figure 4).

3.2. The location of the ladder racking shall be determined during the station survey.


4. INSTALLATION OF SUPERSTRUCTURE

A superstructure is basically required to hold the frame of all electronics equipment to be
installed at the MDF/SDF rooms.

4.1. The size of superstructure is 64 x 38 mm and made of hollow iron with 2 mm
thickness. Refer to Figure 5 for its details. Actual layout of the superstructure has
to be determined during station survey whereby it depends on the location of the
equipment to be installed.

4.2. Installation of cable (horizontal) racking is as shown in Figure 6. This diagram
shows that the superstructure can be part of the horizontal racking. The horizontal
racking shall be installed 250 mm below the ceiling along the location of the
equipment to be situated.







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SECTION IX



JOINTING OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE







NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. GENERAL 1
2. JOINTING OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE 1
3. CABLE JOINTING PROCEDURE 2
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JOINTING OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE


1. GENERAL

The fibre joints are of great importance to high quality transmission and low maintenance.
These joints must have low, stable transmission loss over the entire life of the system and
over a wide range of environmental conditions.

1.1 Joint Loss

The average loss per splice shall not exceed 0.20 dB for RT links. Splices which do
not comply with this limit shall be remade.

1.2 Jointing Method

The preferred technique for fibre splicing is the arc fusion method. However, for
local loop application, mechanical splice may be used when necessary and the
quality of splices shall be maintained.


2. JOINTING OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE

2.1 General precautions for preparing fibre jointing.

a) When water is in a manhole, prevent water from flowing into the ducts.

b) Jointing is best performed in an air-conditioned splicing van. Before doing
any cabling work in the manhole, clear the interior of the manhole fromany
harmful gas.

c) While continuing operation in the manhole, always ensure there is
continued ventilation.

d) Always handle optical fibre very carefully because it is very thin and
fragile. Do not leave scrap fibre laying scattered and make sure dispose it
properly by putting into a vinyl bag or the like.

e) Use a cable cutter in cutting optical fibre cable and do not use a hacksaw.

g) During the jointing work, take care to keep hands clean so that the optical
fibre will not be soiled.

h) Provide a spare length of at least 1 metre of optical fibre at each splice
point.

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i) Take appropriate measures to reduce the bending losses when handling the
spare lengths.

j) Take precaution against fire or explosion.

k) Do not move any cable other than the cables to be jointed.

l) Ensure cable bearer brackets are available and installed with supporting
plate for placing fibre jointing closure.

m) Do not place the measuring equipment in the sunlight for a long time.

n) Always check and keep jointing materials and tools from dust and dirt.

o) Ensure jointing kits are available for jointing work.


3. CABLE JOINTING PROCEDURE
(Using Mechanical Jointing Closure - Fujikura type)

a) Determining jointing centre.

b) Removing the cable sheath

c) Fitting rubber clamps on cables

d) Fitting rubber end blocks

e) Treating cable tension members

f) Splicing fibres

g) Enclosing fibres into fibre tray

h) Fixing cable tension members

i) Mounting main sleeve


3.1 Procedure for making a Straight Fibre Joint

3.1.1. To determine the jointing centre, place cables temporarily on the cable
bracket. Apply PVC tape around the cable 75 cmfrom the centre of the
joint. Refer to Figure 1.

3.1.2 a) Remove cable sheath 75 cm from cable ends with a lap cutter or
any approved tool. Refer to Figure 2.
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b) Remove core wrapping, clean core and fibres with methylated
spirit.

3.1.3 Cut strength member at a point of 65 mm fromthe edge of the tension
member by a bolt cutter or pliers combination no.1.

3.1.4 Remove plastic coating fromstrength member about 30 mm from the
end of tension member by making a circular cut and scrape it with a
knife.

3.1.5 Attaching air tight tape

a) Determine length of rubber tape by applying closure scale around
the cable

b) Wrap around the cable sheath (which is first scuffed with sand
paper) with one layer of sealing tape.

c) Wrap around the sealing tape using rubber tape and cut the end of
tape diagonally. See Figure 3.

d) Check thickness of rubber tape around the cable using closure
scale.

3.1.6 Attach cable clamp at the side of the air tight tape as shown in Figure 4.

3.1.7 Attach end plate on sealing tape with bolts as shown in Figure 5.

3.1.8 Fix fibre slack tray and cable clamps with bolts as in Figure 6.

3.1.9 Fix cable tension member to the tension member clamp as in Figure 7.

3.1.10 Splicing of optical fibre core. Refer to Section XI.

3.1.11 Fix fibre joint protector into the holder and the fibre slack tray as in
Figure 8. This joint protector is used to strengthen and protect against
moisture and damage to the joint.

3.1.12 Hold fibre slack-coiling in a fibre slack tray with more than 60mm
diameter as shown in Figure 9.

3.1.13 a) Attach end plate and sleeve with seal tape.

b) Attach sleeve with band and fasten screws with torque 70Kgf/cm.

3.2 Making a Y-joint for optical fibre cable
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Y-joint for optical fibre cable requires at least three optical cables; two incoming
and one outgoing cables or vice versa.

The precautions and preparations are similar to para 3.1. However, additional care
shall be taken for the following:

a) Ensure the right (matching) fibre core of each incoming and outgoing cable are
spliced together.

b) Label spliced fibre cable with the route name for easy identification.

3.3 Making a double-Y joint for optical cable

A double-Y joint for optical fibre cable requires at least two incoming and two
outgoing cables.

The method is similar to para 2 and 3.2 except that it depends on the selection of
cable core chosen to be spliced for each route.






















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SECTION IX A



INSTALLATION OF FIBRE OPTIC CLOSURE - RAYCHEM TYPE
(FOSC-100 B/H)




NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. GENERAL 1
2. MATERIALS AND TOOLS 1
3. CABLE INSTALLATION IN OVAL OUTLET 2
4. CABLE PREPARATION (SLOTTED CORE TYPE) 3
5. SEALING OF OVAL OUTLET 4
6. POSITIONING OF TRANSPORTATION TUBES 4
7. SPLICING AND FIBRE STORAGE 4
8. TRAY KIT 5
9. DOME INSTALLATION 5
10. RE-ENTRY AND RE-CLOSING 6
11. CABLE INSTALLATION IN CIRCULAR OUTLET 6
12. ADDITIONAL CABLE INSTALLATION 6
13. MOUNTING KIT 7
14. INTERTRAY JUMPERS 7
15. TEMPORARY SEAL 7
16. INSTALLATION OF JOINTING CLOSURE ON POLE 7
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INSTALLATION OF FIBRE OPTIC CLOSURE - RAYCHEM TYPE
(FOSC-100 B/H)


1. GENERAL

The specification describes the installation procedure of Raychemoptical jointing closure.
There are two sizes available for this purpose; namely

a) FOSL-100 B/H for 48 cores maximum.
b) FOSL-100 B/H-B24 for 96 cores maximum.

These closures are of butt design where its base and dome are mechanically interconnected
and locked by a ring (not reusable).

It is applicable for manhole and aerial installation. The cable length required for jointing
process to be done on ground level for aerial installation is approximately 8.7m. For
manhole installation, see para 4.4.4a of Section V.


2. MATERIALS AND TOOLS

The materials list and tools required are as described below:

2.1 Materials

FOSC-100 standard kit comprise of the following:

a) Dome
b) Locking Ring
c) Base with strength member connections and one tray assembly kit;
- 1 tray for 12 fusion splices
- tray lid
- tie-wraps
- transportation tubes
d) Velcro strip
e) Tray support wedge
f) Oval outlet cable seal kit consisting of:
- Heat shrinkable sleeve
- Branch-off clip
- Aluminiumcable protection tape
- Abrasive strip
- Cleaning tissues
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g) Dome seal kit consisting of:
- Heat shrinkable sleeve
- Adhesive strip
- Cleaning tissue
- Abrasive strip
- Silicagel
h) Shield continuity wires
i) Shield continuity connector
j) Slack tray for uncut or extra length fibre
k) Temporary seal kit for dome base seal
l) Mounting kit consisting of:
- For pole
- For wall fixing in manhole
m) Closure holder stand
n) Fibre protection for slotted core cable consisting of:
- Fibre distribution cap
- Fibre distribution funnel
- Transportation tubes
- O ring
- Cleaning tissue
- Abrasive strip
- Heat shrinkable tube
- Sealant strip

2.2 Tools:

a) Hot air gun (1460 Watt) - Minimum hot air temperature : 350c.
b) Generator for hot air gun utilisation.
c) Hacksaw
d) Cable Cutter
e) Pliers, Screw Drivers, Nippers, Markers etc.


3. CABLE INSTALLATION IN OVAL OUTLET

a) Cut the port at the ridge for cable entry by using a hacksaw. Smoothen the inner
edge of the port opening with abrasive strip.

b) Remove any contaminants fromthe cable sheath for approximately 2 meters with
a clean cloth. Slide the oval cable seal over the cables. The non painted (black)
edge of the sleeve should be pointed to the base of the closure.

c) Slide the cables through the opened oval port. Prepare cables as described in
section 4 (cable preparation). See Figure 1.


4. CABLE PREPARATION (SLOTTED CORE TYPE)
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a) Remove the cable sheath 120cm from the end. Clean filling compound fromfibre
tubes.

b) Remove the fibres out of the grooves. Degrease and clean the exposed fibres. Cut
the slotted core to a length of 5.5cm and strength member 20cm fromthe cable
jacket ring cut as shown in Figure 2.

If a shield continuity is required, cut cable sheath axially for 25mm fromcable ring
cut. Crimp shield clip on cable sheath with pair of pliers.

c) As shown in Figure 3, slide the distribution funnel over the fibres and the core till
it butts against the cable jacket. Install the elastic O ring at 1 cm from the end of
slotted core. The O ring will keep the fibres into the grooves.

d) Assemble the transportation tubes into the holes of the fibre distribution cap
according to the number of grooves of the core. Insert the fibres into the
corresponding tubes and slide the distribution cap with transportation tubes over
the strength member till it butts against the slotted core end. See Figure 4.

e) Move the distribution funnel towards the cap and push it onto the cap.

Remember not to rotate the distribution cap or funnel. Check the fibres are not
rotated or squeezed in the grooves.

Figure 5 shows this operation.

f) Degrease with cleaning tissue the distribution funnel and cable sheath for about
10cmbelow the cable ring cut. Centre and wrap sealant strip around the cable and
distribution funnel. Slide the heat shrinkable tube over the sealant strip and centre
it as shown in Figure 6.

g) Shrink the heat shrinkable tubing using hot air gun (1.5 Kw) till the sealant strip
starts to flow. See Figure 7.

Caution: 1. Do not overheat the tubing.
2. Do not touch the tubing until it has cooled down to the ambient
temperature.

h) Align end of tubing with edge of base. Slide strength members into clamps and fix.
Cut away the excessive length of strength member. Refer to Fig. 8.

i) If required, connect shield continuity wire of both cables with shield continuity
clip.

5. SEALING OF OVAL OUTLET

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a) Clean oval port and cable sheath with a cleaning tissue 100mm fromthe edge of the
port.

b) Abrade oval port and cable sheath circumferentially on the cleaned area with the
abrasive strip. Remove any abraded material with a clean cloth.

c) Place oval seal kit over the oval part and cable. Mark the sleeve length onto the
cable. Make second mark 5mmnearer the FOSC-base. Install aluminiumcable
protection tape around cable from the second mark.

d) Slide the oval cable seal over the oval part. Install the branch-off clip. Ensure that
the heat-shrinkable sleeve butts up against the FOSC-base and the branch clip is
completely inserted.

e) Shrink the oval cable seal on the base side with the recommended hot air gun
device and reflector. Shrink sleeve until the green thermochromic paint is
converted to black and the expansion lines on the sleeve are disappeared. (Make
sure that the hot air temperature is at least 350
o
C. If CV 1981-1460W-220V is
used, position on scale 10).

f) Shrink down the end of the sleeve on the cable side. Heat until the sleeve shrinks
down on the cables and take care that the green thermochromic paint is converted
to black.

Postheat the clip on both sides till the adhesive shows a proper flow on the clip
between the two cables. See Figure 9.

Caution: Wait until the sleeve is cool to the touch before moving the cables.


6. POSITION TRANSPORTATION TUBES AND FIBRES

a) Mark on each tube at 15mmfrom tray edge. Cut the transportation tube at the mark
and secure to splice tray with two tie wraps. Other tubes should be laid out of the
way of the bottomtray. Alternatively, additional trays may be installed to store the
fibres (refer para 8). Cut the transportation tubes in the tray. Always place
transparent cover over tray.


7. SPLICING AND FIBRE STORAGE

a) For splicing of the optical cable, refer to Specification Lines WE FO 001,
Section X.

b) After each splice is made, keep the spliced fibre in the splice holder. Do not deform
the splice protector during inserting. Coil the fibre slack into the tray. Install the
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clear protective cover on the tray. Secure cover by installing the Velcro strip
around the trays and cover.

Note: For 12 fibre capacity (maximum) on a tray, two fusion protection
sleeves should be installed on top of one another in one splice holder.


8. TRAY KIT

a) If additional trays are to be used, align the tray pins with the holes on base bracket.
Squeeze tray pins and slip tray into bracket.

b) Repeat the procedure from para 7 for splicing and fibre storage.

c) Use tray wedge to keep the tray in upward position.


9. DOME INSTALLATION

a) Open the dome sealing kit and remove desiccant bag from the desiccant package.
Place the bag on the tray and secure with vinyl tape.

b) Carefully slide the closure dome onto the base. Align the white dot of the dome
with the white dot on the base. Install the locking ring over the transition holding
the dome and base together. The split ring should fit completely into the groove.

c) Clean the sealing area with the cleaning tissue and abrade the base and dome
circumferentially, till the moulding marks are removed. Remove any abraded
material with a clean dry cloth.

d) Remove the protective layer of the tape in the middle of the adhesive strip.

e) Wrap adhesive strip around dome and base interconnection with tacky side towards
base and dome as shown in Figure 10.

f) Slide heat-shrinkable dome to base over the closure and position the sleeve over the
dome/base transition.

g) Using a recommended hot air gun device and reflector, shrink the sleeve till the
edges of the sleeve have come down and the green thermochromic paint converted
to black. The flow of red adhesive should be visible at the edges of the sleeve.
(Ensure that the hot air temperature is at least 350
o
C. If CV 1981-1460W-220V is
used, position on scale 10).

h) Allow the heat-shrinkable sleeve to cool down before moving the closure. Mount
the closure for storage.

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10. RE-ENTRY AND RE-CLOSING

a) Heat the sleeve locally, cut gently the soft heat-shrinkable sleeve on the dome and
base transition. Take care not to cut into the base or dome. Heat the cut line till the
sleeve starts to open over its entire width. See Figure 11.

b) Using a pair of pliers, peel the band from the dome and base transition. It is not
necessary to remove any adhesive left fromthe original adhesive strip. The
adhesive will melt and flow together with the adhesive from the new
heat-shrinkable sleeve adhesive strip.

c) Remove the plastic split locking ring and slide dome frombase. Protect dome/base
transition fromdirt, moisture or other contamination. Remove the existing silicagel
bag.

Note: Do not re-use the split locking ring and silicagel bag.

d) Follow procedures as described in para 9, for re-installation of the dome.


11. CABLE INSTALLATION IN CIRCULAR OUTLET

a) Prepare the cable as outline in para 4.

b) As described in para 5; "Sealing the Oval Outlet", follow the procedures to seal the
circular outlet.

c) Figure 12 shows the cable installation in circular outlet.


12. ADDITIONAL CABLE INSTALLATION

a) Open a new port with a hacksaw. Take care not to damage any existing cable.
Smooth the rough edges of the port.

b) Prepare and install the cable as described in para 4, 5 and 6. After the splicing
process is completed, install cable seal and re-install dome and seal closure.


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13. MOUNTING KIT

a) For pole mounting, position the two dome mounting bracket on the dome of
closure. Clamp the brackets into the pole mounting brackets and secure it with the
locking pin as described in Figure 13.

b) For installation in manhole, fix it on a supporting plate as described for cables
using Fujikura closure.


14. INTERTRAY JUMPERS

a) When it is necessary to splice fibres that are placed on different splice organiser
trays an intertray jumper may be used to route one or more fibres to the desired
tray.

b) Secure one end of intertray transportation tube to the splice tray and secure with
two tie-wraps.

c) Mark the length of intertray jumpering tubes. Splice the fibres in the same way as
described in Specification Lines WE FO 001, Section X.

d) Route the fibres in the jumpering transportation tube.

e) Carefully bend the intertray jumpering transportation tube to the appropriate tray
and secure to the splice tray with two tie-wraps.


15. TEMPORARY SEAL

a) Slide the dome onto the base. Align the white dot of the dome with the white dot of
the base. Install the metal locking ring over the transition holding the dome and
base together. Fit the split ring into the groove.

b) Slide the temporary rubber sealing ring over the dome/base interface.

c) Install the temporary metallic clamp over the sealing ring and screw in place.


16. INSTALLATION OF JOINTING CLOSURE ON POLE

When there is Raychem Closure being installed at a pole along a straight route, the pull
through cable shall be installed on the opposite of the pole.

a) Install supporting brackets 600mm apart at the two 18mm diameter holes.

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b) Bring the excess cable onto the pole and coil one side at a time within the
supporting brackets. Ensure there is sufficient cable bending radius during this
process.

c) Fix securely the coiled cables using cable tie no.3 at six positions as shown in
Figure 14.

d) Adjust the position for mounting jointing closure on the pole at minimumheight of
4000mm from ground level.






































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SECTION X



SPLICING FIBRE ENDS







NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. GENERAL 1
2. TOOLS AND MATERIALS 1
3. SINGLE FIBRE 2
4. RIBBON FIBRE 2
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Page X - 1
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SPLICING FIBRE ENDS


1. GENERAL

The specification describes the procedure of splicing single (loose fibres) and ribbon type
fibres using fusion splicing machine.


2. TOOLS AND MATERIALS

The following tools and materials (with their usage) are required for splicing a single or
ribbon fibre cables:


2.1 Tools and devices

No. Tools and Devices Usage

1a.

b.
Optical Fibre Stripper.

Hot J acket Stripper.
To remove the single fibre cables primary
coating.
To remove the ribbon fibre cables primary
coating.
2a.

b.
Optical Fibre Cutter.

High Precision Fibre Cleaver.
To cut off the single fibre end.

To cut off the ribbon or single fibre end.
3. Cotton Wools & Alcohol For cleaning the fibre cables.
4. V-Groove. To hold the fibre cable on the splicing
machine.
5. Splicing Machine. For fibre cable splicing.


2.2 Materials

No. Materials Usage

1. Protection Tubes To protect the fibre cable splicing portion.


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Telekom Malaysia Berhad
3. SINGLE FIBRE

3.1. Stripping of nylon jacket

Do not wind the fibre end around the finger when removing the nylon jacket using
the jacket stripper because the bent fibre will cause misalignment of the fibre ends.

3.2. Stripping of primary coating

To remove primary coating, use the primary coat stripper or by wiping the fibre
core with cotton wool soaked with alcohol towards the fibre end. Repeat this
procedure for about 20 times to ensure the core is clean.

3.3. Cutting off fibre end

The fibre end must be cut by using a fibre cleaver. If you fail to cut off the fibre
end properly, repeat the procedure from para 1.1.

3.4. Protection of Spliced Portion

Do not forget to place the protective tubing over both fibre ends to be spliced.

3.5. Splicing fibre ends with fusion splicer

Place the fibre ends on the V-groove of the splicer and operate the splicer to splice
the ends.


4. RIBBON FIBRE

Perform splicing as for single fibre except use the specified tools as below for the ribbon
fibre cables:

a. Hot J acket Stripper.
b. High Precaution Fibre Cleaver.

Refer to Fig. 1 and 2 for the related items used for optical fibre splicing.








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SECTION XI A



TERMINATION OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE USING FUJIKURA
FIBRE TERMINATION BOX (FTB)







NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. GENERAL 1
2. TOOLS AND MATERIALS 1
3. TERMINATING OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE 2
4. TERMINATION METHOD 2
5. LABELING 3
6. ARRANGEMENT OF FTB ON LADDER RACKING 3

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Local Network Headquarters
Page XI A - 1
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TERMINATION OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE USING FUJIKURA
FIBRE TERMINATION BOX (FTB)


1. GENERAL

The specification describes the termination of external optical fibre cable to the fibre cord
cable (pigtail) in the Fibre Termination Box (FTB) at the MDF/SDF where the optical
fibre equipment is to be located.


2. TOOLS AND MATERIALS

The main tools and materials included with their usage for installation of FTB are as
follows:

2.1 Tools and devices

No. Tools and Devices Usage

1. Cable Cutter. To cut off the fibre optic cables and their
central strength members while working on
installation of FTB.
2. Cable Stripper. To strip off the outer sheath of the optical
fibre cables.
3. Marker. For marking the cutting or stripping position.
4. Splicing Machine. To splice the optical fibre cable.
5. Screw Driver. For fixing screw at the cable clamp, central
strength member and FTB cover.


2.2 Materials

No. Materials Usage

1. Alcohol and Cotton
Gauze.
For cleaning the optical fibre cable.


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3. TERMINATING OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE

3.1. Optical fibre cord cable (one end connector terminated) for connection to the
fibre distribution frame shall be suitably terminated and protected on the same
Fibre Termination Box.

3.2. The external optical fibre cable from the cable chamber shall be arranged neatly
and tied with cable tie no. 1 along the horizontal racking and arrange in a loop
approximately one meter (depending on the arrangement of the racking) and
bring down along the ladder racking.


4. TERMINATION METHOD

4.1. Fix terminal base with screws which are suitable for the hole of terminal base on
the ladder racking.

4.2. Vinyl chloride sheath wire (600 V) shall be used for earthing.

4.3. Mark the cutting position of fibre cable with adhesive PVC tape, considering the
location of Fibre Termination Box. Cut the outer sheath of the optical fibre cable
by cable cutter and the tension member using a wire cutter.

4.4. Strip the cable sheath 80 mm from the cable end. Before removing the cable
sheath completely, the cable end shall be wrapped with suitable tape to hold each
fibre together.

4.5. Before cutting, fixing and protecting the tension member, the following
procedures shall be taken.

a) Remove the wrapping tape of cable

b) After cutting the hardware of tension member 95 mm from the edge, clamp the
tension member with tension member clamp. See Figure 1.

4.6. Fix the cable and fibre cord by inserting the cable between cable clamps and
tighten the clamp with screw. See Figure 2.

4.7. Remove the sheath of fibre cords with primary coat stripper.

4.8. Release the cover of cord clamp and loosen the screw of Kevlar holder. Fix the
kevlar to the kevlar holder and fibre cord to the cord clamp. Refer to Figure 3.

4.9. Splicing of the optical fibre is as described in Section X.

4.10. Store the surplus length of spliced fibre cord into storing sheet.

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The surplus length shall be treated carefully with the following precautions :

a) Minimum bending radius of optical fibre shall be more than 4 cm.

b) After coiling each of the surplus length of fibre cable, store fibre in its
respective sheets.

4.11. After completely storing the optical fibre, fix the termination case cover as in
Figure 4.


5. LABELING

4.1. Label the Fibre Termination Box with standard identification:-

a) Type, code and size of cable
b) Route name
c) Contract number
d) Date of installation


6. ARRANGEMENT OF FTB ON LADDER RACKING

The installation and arrangement of Fibre Termination Boxes is as shown in Figure 5.





















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SECTION XI B



TERMINATION OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE USING HESFIBEL
FIBRE TERMINATION BOX (FTB)







NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. GENERAL 1
2. TOOLS AND MATERIALS 1
3. INSTALLATION METHOD 1
3.1 PREPARATION OF FIBRE OPTIC CABLES FOR
TERMINATION AND SPLICING

1
3.2 PREPARATION OF CORD CABLE FOR TERMINATION AND
SPLICING

2
3.3 INSTALLATION OF SPLICING CASSETTE 2
3.4 INSTALLATION OF FTB ON LADDER RACKING 3

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TERMINATION OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE USING HESFIBEL FIBRE
TERMINATION BOX (FTB)


1. GENERAL

The specification describes the installation of Fibre Termination Box (FTB) supplied by
Hesfibel. It is used to terminate the external fibre cables to fibre cord cables.

The Hesfibel FTB can accommodate 12 fibres per cassette where each FTB can have up
to 6 cassettes with 72 terminations.


2. TOOLS AND MATERIALS

The main tools and materials for this installation is as described in Clause 2 of Section
XI A.


3. INSTALLATION METHOD

3.1 Preparation Of Fibre Optic Cables For Termination and Splicing

a. Mark the cutting position of fibre cable 2 meters from its end. Cut the
outer sheath of the cable by using cable cutter.

b. Cut off and discard polyester band, swelling tape and aramid yarn from
optical cable.

c. Insert cable slot, fibres and central strength member through the cable
entry hole of FTB.

d. Separate fibres from cable slots and clean them with alcohol or other
cleaning agent and cotton gauze.

e. Cut the slot and central strength member 8 cm from the end of outer
polyethylene sheath (from the first point) by using a cable cutter. In the
same manner, cut the slot on top of central strength member at a point 2
cm apart from the outer polyethylene sheath without damaging the
strength member.

f. Before fixing the fibres to the plastic adaptor cover, pass the fibres (80
cm long) through the transparent tubes. Make sure that plastic adaptor
and cable's outer polyethylene are held closely together. Then, fix the
cable with the cable clamp.
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g. Fix the central strength member (with central strength member holder
bolt) using a nut.

h. Fix the plastic adaptor to the splicing cassette with two cable heads.

i. Wind the fibres within the termination box carefully and number all the
fibres accordingly.


3.2 Preparation Of Cord Cable For Termination And Splicing

a. Mark the fibre cable 2 meters from its end and strip off the outer sheath
from this point.

b. Mark 2cm from the first point and strip off the sheath of aramid yarns of
cord cables.

c. Cut off the central strength member and polyethylene 7 cm from the first
point. Strip off the polyethylene part on top of central strength carefully.
See Figure 1.

d. Push fibre cord cable into FTB through cable entry and fix central
strength member to its holder.

e. Pass single fibre cord cables (135 cm long) through transparent tubes.
Fix the tubes to the splicing cassette entry by using two cable heads.

f. Wind fibre cord cable inside the cassette accordingly.


3.3 Installation Of Splicing Cassette

a. Arrange and place the transparent tubes neatly in the termination box by
means of cable clips.

b. Fix splicing cassettes with cassette holder.

c. After steps 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 have been done, the fibres are ready for
splicing. See Section X for splicing procedure.

In order to prevent unnecessary movement of protection tubes, cassette
clamp is used. Fig.2 shows the termination box assembly drawing.

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d. After each fibres are spliced, place the spliced protection tubes into the
splicing cassettes and the cassette clamp will hold it from any
unnecessary movement.

e. After fibre cables and cord cables are neatly arranged in FTB, close and
screw the FTB cover.


3.4 Installation Of FTB On Ladder Racking

The arrangement of FTBs and its cabling is described and as shown in Clause 6
of Section XI A of this specification.



































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SECTION XI C




TERMINATION OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE USING OPCOM
FIBRE TERMINATION BOX (FTB)







NO.

CONTENTS PAGE
1.

GENERAL 1
2. i. TOOLS AND MATERIALS 1
ii. INSTALLATION METHOD 1
iii. PREPARATION OF FIBRE CABLE AND CORD CABLE FOR
TERMINATION AND SPLICING

1
iv. INSTALLATION OF SPLICING TRAYS 1
v. INSTALLATION OF FTB ON LADDER RACKING 1

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TERMINATION OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE USING OPCOM
FIBRE TERMINATION BOX (FTB)


1. GENERAL

This specification describes the installation practice for FTB supplied by OPCOM
(contract K1092/93). The two types of FTB supplied under this contract are for 36 fibres
and 96 fibres. The splicing trays are of slotted type which can be removed by lifting it
without disturbing other trays for purpose of maintenance.


2. The specification for Tools and Materials, Installation Method, Preparation of Fibre
Cable and Cord Cable for Termination and Splicing, Installation of Splicing Trays and
Arrangement of FTB on Ladder Racking of FTB are similar to Hesfibel type. Refer to
Section XI B, clauses 2 to 3 for further details.

Fig. 1 shows the Fibre Termination Box assembly drawing.


























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SECTION XI D



TERMINATION OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE USING HESFIBEL FIBRE
DISTRIBUTION PANEL (FDP)







NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. GENERAL 1
2. TOOLS AND MATERIALS 1
3. INSTALLATION METHOD 1
4. SPLICING 2
5. INSTALLATION OF FTB ON LADDER RACKING 3
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TERMINATION OF OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE USING HESFIBEL
FIBRE DISTRIBUTION PANEL (FDP)


1. GENERAL

The specification describes the installation of Fibre Distribution Panel (FDP) and its
associated parts for termination of the external optical fibre cable to fibre cord cable. The
two types of FDP supplied by Hesfibel are used for 12 and 24 core fibre terminations.


2. TOOLS AND MATERIALS

The main tools and materials for this installation is as described in Clause 2 of Section
XI A.


3. INSTALLATION METHOD

3.1 Preparation of fibre optic cable for termination

a. Mark, cut and strip off the outer polyethylene 2 meters from the end of the
optical cable (using a cable cutter and stripper). Take off carefully the
swelling tape, polyester tape and the thread to avoid any damage to the
fibre. Insert the fibre cable into the splice box through the cable entry hole.

b. Remove all the fibres fromtheir slots and clean with a soft tissue paper and
alcohol.

c. Mark and cut the slotted core and strength member 15cm from the
sheathing. Take off the slotted core (leave just the strength member) 4cm
from the polyethylene. Refer to Figure 1.

d. Pass the fibres and central strength member through the plastic adaptor.
Insert the fibres (70cm long) through transparent tubes.
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e. Before fixing the fibre optic cable to the termination box using a cable
clamp, fix the central strength member to the box using the central strength
member holder.

f. Hold the plastic adaptor together with the 2 cables in the splicing cassette
and wound it in a uniform manner.

3.2. Preparation Of Fibre Cords Cables For Termination

a. Insert the fibre cords into the distribution panel through the cable entrance
and wind uniformly in the cassette.

b. Fix the connectors at the end of the fibre cords to the adaptors.

c. Remove the sheath and aramid yarn of the fibre cords up to the connector
end. Then, wind this part (once or more depending on the length of the
pigtail) around the cassette beginning fromthe connector adaptor point.

d. Ensure correct the fibre cords to be spliced with the external fibre cables
which are wound in the cassette.

Note: Make sure that the length of the fibre cords to be wound inside the
cassette are least 40cm. Otherwise splicing cannot be done due to
short pigtail length.


4. SPLICING

a. After steps 3.1 and step 3.2 are completed, the fibre optic cable and the fibre cords
are ready for splicing process.

b. Splice the fibre in the cassette to the fibre cords in sequence using a fusion splicer.
Ensure to slip the splice protector over fibres to be spliced. Then keep the spliced
fibre in the cassette.

c. Fix the splice cassettes with the bolts inside the distribution panel. Refer to Fig. 2
for the assembly drawing.

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5. INSTALLATION OF FDP ON LADDER RACKING/WALL

The arrangement of FDPs and its cabling is described as in the arrangement of FTBs in
Clause 6 of Section XI A, of the specification.

FDP can al so be wal l mount ed when t her e i s i nsuf f i ci ent space at cust omer s
pr emi ses. However i t s i nst al l at i on and management shal l f ol l ow t he above
pr ocedur e.






























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SECTION XII



TESTING AND COMMISSIONING OPTICAL FIBRE SCHEME







NO. CONTENTS PAGE
1. TESTING OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE 1
2. TESTING FIBRE SUBSCRIBER ACCESS EQUIPMENT (FSAE) -
OLTM/DLC

2
3. CHECKING SPARE MATERIALS 2
4. COMMISSIONING 3
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TESTING AND COMMISSIONING OPTICAL FIBRE SCHEME


1. TESTING OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE

The tests to be conducted shall be as follows:


1.1 Cable End to end Loss

Maximum allowable loss between sending and receiving stations

=aL + bN + C

Where, a = Cable Loss dB/km, which is 0.40 for 1300 nm region and
0.25 for 1550 nm region.
b = Average Loss per splice, which is 0.20dB for RT and
0.1dB for FOKUS and trunk lines.
C = Constant of 1 for Connector Loss (i.e. 0.5dB per
connector).
L = Cable Length (Km).
N = Number of splices.

1.2 When measured using the light source/power meter method, the loss measured
shall be less than that stipulated formula.

1.3 Splice Loss

The maximum loss allowed shall be less than or equal to 0.20dB. This value shall
be average value (measured from both sides of the link using an OTDR).

1.4 The measured value at 1550nm region shall not exceed that measured at 1300nm
region by 0.15dB. The rationale of this requirement is to ensure that the
macro-bending and micro-bending losses at 1550nm is not excessive as a result of
poor installation practices at a jointing closures.

Any splices failing to meet the above criteria shall be respliced.

The acceptance test format used is as shown in App.1.

1.5 Core Reversal Test

This test is to ensure that the correct fibre cores are spliced together. It is to be
tested at both sides of the optical fibre link specifically at the FDF by using Fibre
Identifier.
Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995


Local Network Headquarters Page XII - 2
Telekom Malaysia Berhad

a) Testing Method.

i. Light source is sent from upper station and lower station.

ii. Detect light signal in fibre cores starting from the centre fibres using
Fibre Identifier. This is to ensure fibre core numbers are matched and
spliced together at both ends of the link.

iii. If fibre core reversal is not detected, repeat the same process (i and ii)
at first joint (FTB joint of upper station) and last joint (FTB joint of
lower station) until signal is detected at both FDFs.

iv. If signal is detected at the different core numbers from FDF in the
above procedure, this shows that there could be a core reversal at any
joint along the link. Repeat the above process at all the joints until the
error at the joint is rectified.

1.6 Checking cable routing and connection

The Superintendance Officer (S.O) shall ensure that the cables installed below are
carefully inspected and checked for acceptance and commissioning of optical
fibre links:

i. On poles.

ii. In manholes, in cable chamber, in MDF room, is on cable tray up to FDF.

iii. Fibre cords are neatly arranged from FTB to FDF.

iv. Collets are tagged onto fibre cables with complete identification of link.


2. TESTING FIBRE SUBSCRIBER ACCESS EQUIPMENT (FSAE) - OLTM/DLC

Testing procedures and test formats for FSAE equipment are as shown in App. II and shall
conform to the specification of each contract.
(Not applicable for JKH contract)


3. CHECKING SPARE MATERIALS

All unused cables and materials ordered and supplied for a particular scheme shall be
promptly returned to a centralised location for subsequent re-allocation to other projects
or maintenance purposes. This will ensure the most efficient use of resources and
minimise costs.

Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995


Local Network Headquarters Page XII - 3
Telekom Malaysia Berhad

4. COMMISSIONING

After testing have been successfully completed in the presence of Superitendant Officer
(S.O) or his appointed representative, test results shall be certified by both contractor and
TM's S.O.



































Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995


Local Network Headquarters Page XII - 4
Telekom Malaysia Berhad


Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995


Local Network Headquarters Page XII - 5
Telekom Malaysia Berhad






Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995


Local Network Headquarters
Telekom Malaysia Berhad


SECTION XIII-A



INSTALLATION OF PLINTH FOR MARCONI CABINET 480







NO. CONTENTS PAGE

1. GENERAL 1

2. DIMENSION 1

3. MATERIALS 1

4. VARIABLE PLINTH HEIGHT 1

5. CONDUIT AND MANHOLE 2









Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995


Local Network Headquarters Page
XIII A - 1
Telekom Malaysia Berhad


SECTION XIII-A


INSTALLATION OF PLINTH FOR MARCONI CABINET 480



1. GENERAL

This specification is used in conjunction with Specification Lines WE 303 Issue August
1993 for the construction of plinth cabinet and Specification Lines WE 304 -
Construction of manholes, jointboxes and laying of ducts for its quality of construction
materials with respect to its plans and structural drawings shown in Appendices 1 and
2.


2. DIMENSION

The dimension of plinth for Marconi type cabinet is 1400 x 800 x 1250 (LxWxH).



3. MATERIALS

The list of materials required is as follows:-

a) UPVC bend pipe 76.5 mm radius (152 mm diameter)

b) PVC pipe 50 mm diameter (for power cabling/earthing)

c) Cement concrete 1:2.4 (Grade 20)

d) 60 mm screw and nut

e) Steel template 1347 x 730 mm (LxW). Refer to Appendix 1.

f) Reinforcement bar. Refer to Appendix 2.

g) PVC duct 152 mm when necessary for connection between plinth to last
manhole.

Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995


Local Network Headquarters Page XII - 2
Telekom Malaysia Berhad
4. VARIABLE PLINTH HEIGHT

In flood prone areas, a variable height plinth is constructed according to the height
required in addition to the existing plinth. The drawings and dimensions are as shown in
Appendix 3. The material specification and processes shall be as described in para 1.


5. CONDUIT AND MANHOLE

The connection of cabinet plinth to the nearest manhole shall be installed via a 152 mm
PVC duct bend. To avoid the usage of extra length of the 152 mm PVC duct the cabinet
plinth shall be placed within 233.45 mm from the manhole wall. If the situation at site
forbids, install PVC ducts accordingly.

The ends of PVC duct bend or pipe installed at both the plinth and manhole duct entry shall
be firmly plastered with cement to prevent any entry of soil or water at the manhole walls.

The PVC bends/pipes may or may not be encased in concrete depending on the nature of
soil.


























Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995


Local Network Headquarters Page XII - 3
Telekom Malaysia Berhad


Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995


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Telekom Malaysia Berhad






Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995


Local Network Headquarters Page XII - 5
Telekom Malaysia Berhad






Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995


Local Network Headquarters Page XII - 6
Telekom Malaysia Berhad

Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995


Local Network Headquarters Page XII - 7
Telekom Malaysia Berhad






Specification
Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995



Local Network Headquarters
Telekom Malaysia Berhad



SECTION XIII-B



INSTALLATION OF PLINTH FOR ERICSSON CABINET 480







NO. CONTENTS PAGE

1. GENERAL 1

2. DIMENSION 1
3. MATERIALS 1
4. VARIABLE PLINTH HEIGHT 1
5. CONDUIT AND MANHOLE 2

Specification
Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995



Local Network Headquarters Page XIII B-1
Telekom Malaysia Berhad


SECTION XIII-B


INSTALLATION OF PLINTH FOR ERICSSON CABINET 480


1. GENERAL

This specification is used in conjunction with Specification Lines WE 303 Issue August
1993 for the construction of cabinet plinth and Specification Lines 304 - Construction
of manholes, jointboxes and laying of ducts for its quality of construction materials
with respect to its plans and structural drawings shown in Appendices 1 and 2.


2. DIMENSION

The dimension of plinth for Ericsson cabinet is 1600 x 1000 x 1400 mm (LxWxH).



3. MATERIALS

The list of materials required is as follows:-

a) UPVC duct bend 76.5 mm radius (152 mm diameter)

b) PVC pipe 50 mm diameter (for power cabling/earthing)

c) Cement concrete 1:2:4 (Grade 20)

d) M16 rag bolts

e) Plinth structure. Refer to Appendix 2.

f) 12 mm diameter bolt. Refer to Appendix 3.

g) PVC duct 152 mm when necessary for connection between plinth to last
manhole.


Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995




Local Network Headquarters Page XIII B - 2
Telekom Malaysia Berhad
4. VARIABLE PLINTH HEIGHT

In flood prone areas, a variable height plinth is constructed according to the height
required in addition to the existing plinth. The drawings and dimensions are as shown
in Appendix 4. The material specification and processes shall be as described in para
1.


5. C0NDUIT AND MANHOLE

The connection of cabinet plinth to the nearest manhole shall be installed via a 152 mm
PVC duct bend. The cabinet plinth shall be installed approximately 400 mm to the
manhole to avoid the usage of extra length of the 152 mm PVC duct . If the situation at
site forbids, install PVC ducts accordingly.

The ends of PVC duct bend or pipe installed at both the plinth and manhole duct entry
shall be firmly plastered with cement to prevent any entry of soil or water at the
manhole walls.

The PVC bends/pipes may or may not be encased in concrete depending on the nature
of soil.


































Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995




Local Network Headquarters Page XIII B - 3
Telekom Malaysia Berhad


Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995




Local Network Headquarters Page XIII B - 4
Telekom Malaysia Berhad



Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995




Local Network Headquarters Page XIII B - 5
Telekom Malaysia Berhad




Specification Lines WE FO 001
Issue April, 1995




Local Network Headquarters Page XIII B - 6
Telekom Malaysia Berhad

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