Du Toan Cong Trinh

Lp v qun l d ton cng trnh xy dng 27/09/2012
Nguyn Thanh T Trang 1

D TON CNG TRNH XY DNG

1. KHI NIM & MC CH LP D TON:
Cc khi nim:
Tng mc u t xy dng cng trnh:
Tng mc u t ca d n u t XDCT (sau y gi l tng mc u t -
TMT) l ton b chi ph d tnh u t XDCT c ghi trong quyt nh u t v l
c s ch u t lp k hoch v qun l vn khi thc hin u t XDCT. Tng mc u
t c ph duyt l chi ph ti a m ch u t c php s dng u t XDCT v
l c s ch u t lp k hoch v qun l vn khi thc hin u t XDCT.
TMT c xc nh trong giai on lp d n u t XDCT (trng hp ch
lpBC kinh t - k thut th TMT c xc nh trong giai on ny).
TMT c tnh ton ph hp vi ni dung d n v thit k c s (trng hp
ch lp BC kinh t - k thut th TMT c xc nh ph hp vi TK bn v thi cng).
TMT bao gm 7 khon mc:
1. Chi ph xy dng;
2. Chi ph thit b ;
3. Chi ph bi thng, h tr v ti nh c;
4. Chi ph qun l d n;
5. Chi ph t vn u t xy dng;
6. Chi ph khc;
7. Chi ph d phng.
Khi ton:
- Cc ti liu cn thit t
- Cch tnh rt n gin
- Sai s ln
- Phc v cho giai an lp bo co tin kh thi
D tan:
- Cc ti liu cn thit nhiu hn trong khi tan, ch yu cn c vo bn v
- Cch tnh tan phc tp hn khi tnh khi tan
- Sai s nh hn
- Phc v cho giai an chun b thc hin xy dng
- D ton cng trnh bao gm 6 khon mc:
1. Chi ph xy dng;
2. Chi ph thit b;
3. Chi ph qun l d n ;
4. Chi ph t vn u t xy dng ;
5. Chi ph khc ;
6. Chi ph d phng.
Quyt tan:
- Cc ti liu phi y & ph hp vi cc quy nh ca php lut
- Cch tnh tan tng t d tan nhng hi lng cn c vo cng trnh thc
t
- Khng c sai s & gi tr khng c ln hn so vi vn ghi trong Quyt
nh ph duyt u t ca cp c thm quyn
- Phc v cho giai an kt thc xy dng

Mc ch d ton:
Xc nh chnh xc hn chi ph u t XDCT so vi bc lp d n.
Gip ch u t bit c s tin phi chi cho cng tc xy dng c bn & kin
thit c bn khc
L cn c xt chn thu, ph duyt vn u t, lm quyt tan. Lm cn c
m phn, k kt hp ng, thanh ton vi nh thu trong trng hp ch nh
thu.
Trng hp gi tr d ton cc cng trnh (tng d ton) vt qu tng mc u
t cn c gii php iu chnh thch hp (gim mc yu cu v vt t, thit b)
hoc lp li d n iu chnh tng tng mc u t.
Vai tr
- L ti liu quan trng gn lin vi thit k cho bit chi ph xy dng cng trnh.
- Xc nh gi tr ca cng trnh l gi tr bn chnh thc ca sn phm xy dng
- L c s lp k hoch u t, ngn hng u t cp pht vn vay
- L c s ch u t v nh thu lp k hoch cho chnh mnh
- L c s tnh ton cc ch tiu kinh t k thut trong vic so snh la chn cc
phng n thit k xy dng
- L c s cho vic k kt hp ng giao nhn thu xy lp gia ch u t v nh
thu cng nh trong trong vic thanh quyt ton cng trnh sau khi thi cng

2. NHNG KIN THC CN THIT LP D TON XY LP CNG
TRNH

- Bit c bn v kin trc & bn v kt cu cc cng trnh xy dng
- hc qua mt kho hun luyn v lp d ton
- hc qua hoc bit v mn hc K thut thi cng (l thuyt)
- C y cc ti liu cn thit lp d ton (s chi tit ha phn sau)
- Kinh nghim thi cng ca ngi lp d tan (nu c th vic lp d tan s d
dng hn & chnh xc hn)

3. NGUYN TC LP D TON:

- Tnh ng (ng bn cht cng vic, ng qui nh nh nc, ng kch thc hnh hc,).
- Tnh (khng thiu, khng tha) (c ni dung cng vic l c chi ph).
- Tnh hp l (ph hp vi thc t) (Khi no chn o t bng th cng, khi no chn o
bng my, khi no chn va c o bng my va c o bng th cng? Khi no dng VK g,
khi no dng VK thp, khi no dng VK vn p cng nghip? Khi no chn BT bng th
cng, khi no chn bng cn cu, khi no chn bng my bm, v.v v v.v!)

4. PHN LOI CC CNG TC LIN QUAN N LNH VC XY DNG
CN LP D TON:
4.1. Thi cng xy lp
Thi cng xy dng
Thi cng lp t thit b
4.2. Kho st
a hnh
a cht

Thy vn
Mi trng
4.3. Thit k
4.4. Thm k
4.5. Kim nh
4.6. Gim st
4.7. u thu

5. NHNG CN C LP D TON CNG TRNH
- B h s thit k cng trnh bao gm : thit k kin trc chi tit v thit k kt cu
v thit k trang tr ni tht- tp thuyt minh k thut.
- B nh mc d ton xy dng cng trnh ban hnh theo Quyt nh s
1776/2007/BXD-VB ngy 16/08/2007 ca B Xy Dng thng nht ton quc.
nh mc d ton l nh mc kinh t k thut quy nh mc hao ph cn thit
v vt liu, nhn cng v my thi cng hon thnh mt khi lng cng tc
xy lp ( m
3
, m
2
, mdi....); vn bn 1091/Q-BXD ban hnh ngy 26/12/2011:
V vic Cng b nh mc d ton xy dng cng trnh - Phn xy dng (b
sung).
Cn c vo B nh mc thng nht trn ton quc, S Xy dng cc tnh hoc
Thnh ph tin hnh lp ra cc n gi xy dng c bn bng cch nhn cc
nh mc hao ph ca tng loi cng vic xy dng vi n gi vt liu, nhn
cng v my thi cng ti a phng ( Cc n gi ny phi c B Ti chnh
thng qua). Thnh ph H Ch Minh ang s dng n gi xy dng c bn
ban hnh theo Quyt nh s 103/2006/Q-UBNDTP ngy 14/07/2006 ca
UBND TP.HCM v n gi kho st xy dng khu vc TP.HCM v Quyt nh
104/2006/Q-UBNDTP ngy 14/07/2006 ca UBND TP.HCM v n gi xy
dng cng trnh TP.HCM.
- Gi vt liu xy dng do Lin S Xy Dng-Ti chnh mi tnh/ thnh ph ban
hnh hng qu.
- Cc thng t v quyt nh hin hnh
Lut XD s 16/2003/QH11 ngy 26/11/2003
Ngh nh s 12/2009/N-CP ngy 12/02/2009 ca Chnh ph v QLDA
u t XDCT.
Ngh nh 112/2009/N-CP ngy 14 thng 12 nm 2009 ca Chnh ph v
qun l chi ph u t XDCT.
Quyt nh s 957/Q-BXD ngy 29/9/2009 ca B XD v/v cng b nh
mc chi ph QLDA v TVT XDCT
Thng t 04/2010/TT-BXD ngy 26/5/2010 ca B XD hng dn vic
lp v qun l chi ph u t XDCT;
Thng t s 109/2000/TT-BTC ngy 13/10/2000 ca B Ti Chnh v vic
hng dn ch thu np v s dng l ph thm nh u t.
Thng t s 45/2003/TT-BTC ngy 15/05/2003 ca B Ti Chnh v vic
hng dn quyt ton vn u t.
Thng t 33/2004/Q-BTC ngy 12/04/2004 ca B Ti Chnh v vic
ban hnh quy tc, biu ph bo him xy dng, lp t.



6. CC PHT SINH THNG GP KHI LP D TON

Bn v thit k khng din t y cc ni dung cn tit tnh tan khi lng.
V d:
- Bn v thit k thiu bng thng k thp
- Bn v thit k khng c bng thng k vt t in hoc nc
- Bn v thit k thiu cc chi tit cn thit
Nn lin h n v thit k c cung cp y cc chi tit cn thit

Tnh tan khi lng trng nhau ti v tr giao nhau gia ct, dm & sn.
Cch tt nht khng nn tnh trng lp bi v s b kim ton loi ra

Tnh tan khi lng trng nhau ti v tr giao nhau gia dm & sn.
Cch tt nht khng nn tnh trng lp bi v s b kim tan lai ra

Chiu dy ca kt cu mt ng theo thit k khng c trong d tan
Ni suy n gi

Cc cng tc xy lp khng c trong n gi d tan xy dng c bn
Trc ht tm cc cng tc tng t nhng c sn trong n gi, tm s dng cc
n gi & nh mc c sn thit lp d tan, lin lc vi c quan ph duyt d
tan iu chnh nh mc. Nu khng c cng tc no tng t th phi lp theo
gi tm tnh, sau xin kin chp thun ca c quan ph duyt d tan.

Kt cu dng c bit gy ra kh khn trong cng tc tnh tin lng
Vn dng cc kin thc hnh hc c hc tnh tan tin lng cho cc cc
kt cu c dng c bit ny. C th s dng cc cng thc gn ng tnh tan.

Khng bit gi vt liu xy dng hin hu
Phi tm cho bng c bng bo gi ny. Vi lai vt liu khng c trong bng
gi c th s dng bng bo gi ca cc ca hng vt liu xy dng ng tin cy ti
tng a phng (km theo bng bo gi chng minh)

7. NI DUNG CA D TON XY LP
Bao gm cc thnh phn ch yu sau :
- Nhng cn c tin hnh tnh d ton : S dng n gi no? nh mc no?
Thng bo hoc thng t no? H s thit k do n v no lp?...
- Bng tng hp kinh ph : bng ny cho bit tt c cc loi chi ph cn thit
thc hin xy dng cng trnh v thit k, thi cng, t vn, gim st....
- Bng tin lng d ton ( hoc cn gi l bng khi lng d ton ): Bng ny
cho bit khi lng c th ca tng loi cng vic xy dng c tnh ra t cc
bn v thit k.
- Bng phn tch vt t.
- Bng tng hp vt liu : Nhm cho bit s lng, chng loi, n gi ca cc vt
liu cn dng cho cng trnh

- Mt s bng biu khc nh : Bng tnh ton chi ph kho st hoc bng tnh ton
chi tit khi lng xy dng

8. CC BC LP D TON

Bc 1
Lp bng tnh ton khi lng xy lp ( cn gi l bng tin lng d ton) theo cc
bn v thit k. T tnh ra chi ch vt liu (a
1
), chi ph nhn cng (b
1
), chi ph my
thi cng (c
1
). Xem thm mu bng biu tnh tin lng d ton.
y l bc quan trng nht trong qu trnh lp d tan m cho n nay trong iu
kin Vit nam, my tnh khng th thay th con ngi.

Bc 2
Lp bng phn tch- tng hp vt liu

Bc 3
Lp bng tng hp kinh ph

Bc 4
Lp thuyt minh d ton

9. CC LOI CHI PH:

I- Chi ph xy dng gm:
1.1. Chi ph trc tip : ( K hiu : T ) : T = VL

+ NC + M + TT
- Chi ph vt liu ( K hiu : VL hoc A1)
- Chi ph nhn cng ( K hiu : NC hoc B)
- Chi ph my thi cng ( K hiu : M hoc C)
- Chi ph trc tip khc (K hiu: TT) TT= (VL+ NC + M)* t l
T l c tnh 6,5% i vi cc cng tc xy dng trong hm giao thng, hm
thu in, hm l th chi ph trc tip khc (k c chi ph vn hnh, chi ph sa cha thng
xuyn h thng cp nc, thot nc, cp gi, cp in phc v thi cng trong hm). T l
c tnh 1,5% cho cc loi cng tc cn li. (Bng 3.7 PL 3 ca TT 04/2010)
Chi ph trc tip khc l chi ph cho nhng cng tc cn thit phc v trc tip vic
thi cng XDCT nh di chuyn lc lng lao ng trong ni b cng trng, an ton lao
ng, bo v mi trng cho ngi lao ng v mi trng xung quanh, th nghim vt liu
ca nh thu, chi ph bm nc, vt bn khng thng xuyn v khng xc nh c khi
lng t thit k. Chi ph trc tip khc c xc nh bng t l % trn tng chi ph vt
liu, chi ph nhn cng, my thi cng, ph thuc vo tng loi cng trnh. Hin ti, quy nh
Bng 3.7 PL 3 ca TT 04/2010
n v tnh : %
STT LOI CNG TRNH
TRC TIP
PH KHC
1 Cng trnh dn dng
Trong th 2,5
Ngoi th 2
2 Cng trnh cng nghip 2

Ring cng tc xy dng trong hm l, hm thu in 6,5
3
Cng trnh giao thng 2
Ring cng tc xy dng trong ng hm giao thng 6,5
4 Cng trnh thu li
2
5 Cng trnh h tng k thut
Trong th 2
Ngoi th 1,5

1.2. Chi ph chung : ( K hiu : C )
- Chi ph qun l doanh nghip
- iu hnh sn xut ti cng trng.
- Chi ph phc v cho thi cng
- Chi ph phc v cho cng nhn
- Chi ph gin tip khc
C = % theo quy nh * ( T )
(% theo quy nh c ly theo bng 3.8 PL 3 ca TT 04/2010.)
1.3. Thu nhp chu thu tnh trc ( K hiu : TL) :l khon li nhun ca
doanh nghip xy dng c d tnh trc trong d ton xy dng cng trnh.
TL = % theo quy nh * ( T + C )
(% theo quy nh c ly theo bng 3.8 PL 3 ca TT 04/2010.)

1.4. Chi ph xy dng trc thu : ( K hiu : G)
G = T + C + TL

1.5. Thu gi tr gia tng : (K hiu : GTGT)
:
GTGT = G * T
GTGT-XD

T
GTGT-XD
l thu sut ca thu GTGT cho cng vic xy lp .Thu gi tr gia
tng cho cng tc xy dng theo quy nh hin hnh (xem chi tit Thng t 129/2008/TT-
BTC). i vi cng tc xy dng (v t vn xy dng) ni chung mc thu VAT l 10%.

1.6. Chi ph xy dng sau thu : ( K hiu : G
XD
)

G
XD
= G + GTGT

1.7. Chi ph xy dng nh tm v iu hnh thi cng ( K hiu : G
XDNT
)

G
XDNT
= G * t l * (1+ T
GTGT-XD
)

- T l c tnh 2% i vi cc cng trnh i theo tuyn ngoi th v
vng dn c nh ng dy ti in, ng dy thng tin bu in,
ng giao thng, knh mng, ng ng, cc cng trnh thi cng dng
tuyn khc
- T l c tnh 1% i vi cc cng trnh cn li.


Chi ph xy dng :
G
XD
= G
XDNT
+ G
XD

II- Chi ph thit b : (K hiu : G
TB
)
G
TB
= G
MS
+ G
T
+

G
L
G
MS
: chi ph mua sm thit b
G
T
: chi ph o to chuyn giao cng ngh

G
L
: chi ph lp t thit b v hiu chnh

III- Chi ph qun l d n: (K hiu : G
QLDA
)
G
QLDA
= T * (G
XDtt
+ G
TBtt
)
G
XDtt
: chi ph xy dng trc thu

G
XDtt
: chi ph thit b trc thu

Chi ph qun l d n c xc nh trn c s tham kho nh mc chi ph t l
do B XD cng b (hin nay l Quyt nh s 957/Q-BXD) hoc bng cch lp d ton
theo hng dn ca B XD (xem PL 1 Quyt nh s 957/Q-BXD). Trng hp p dng cc
nh mc chi ph t l ny m thy khng ph hp (thiu / tha) th CT c th xem xt quyt nh iu chnh nh
mc cho ph hp.
Chi ph qun l d n l g ? L cc chi ph cn thit cho ch u t t chc
thc hin cc cng vic QLDA t giai on chun b d n, thc hin d n n khi hon
thnh nghim thu bn giao a cng trnh vo khai thc s dng, gm:
1. Chi ph t chc (CPTC) lp bo co u t, chi ph t chc lp d n u t
hoc bo co kinh t - k thut;
2. CPTC thc hin cng tc bi thng, h tr v ti nh c thuc trch nhim
ca ch u t;
3. CPTC thi tuyn, tuyn chn thit k kin trc hoc la chn phng n thit
k kin trc;
4. CPTC thm nh d n u t, bo co kinh t - k thut ;
5. CPTC lp, thm nh hoc thm tra, ph duyt thit k k thut, thit k bn v
thi cng, d ton cng trnh ;
6. CPTC la chn nh thu trong hot ng xy dng;
7. CPTC qun l cht lng, khi lng, tin , chi ph XD;
8. CPTC m bo an ton v v sinh mi trng ca cng trnh;
9. CPTC lp nh mc, n gi XDCT;
10. CPTC kim tra cht lng vt liu, kim nh cht lng cng trnh theo yu
cu ca ch u t;
11. CPTC kim tra chng nhn iu kin bo m an ton chu lc v chng
nhn s ph hp v cht lng cng trnh;
12. CPTC nghim thu, thanh ton, quyt ton hp ng; thanh ton, quyt ton
vn u t XDCT;
13. CPTC gim st, nh gi d n u t xy dng cng trnh;
14. CPTC nghim thu, bn giao cng trnh;
15. Chi ph khi cng, khnh thnh, tuyn truyn qung co;
16. CPTC thc hin cc cng vic qun l khc.


IV- Chi ph t vn u t xy dng (K hiu : G
TV
)
G
TV
= M
1
+ M
2
+ M
3
+
y l cc loi chi ph cn thit cc n v tham gia thc hin cng trnh
(ngoi chi ph Ban QLDA)
- Chi ph kho st (M
1
)
- Chi ph lp d n u t ( M
2
)
- Chi ph thm nh d n u t ( M
3
)
- Chi ph thit k (M
4
)
- Chi ph thm tra thit k k thut ( M
5
)
- Chi ph thm nh thit k k thut ( M
6
)
- Chi ph thm tra tng d tan ( M
7
)
- Chi ph thm nh tng d tan ( M
8
)
- Chi ph lp h s mi thu & nh gi h s d thu (M
9
)
- Chi ph gim st k thut (M
10
)
- Chi ph kim nh v chng nhn s ph hp cht lng cng trnh (M
11
)
- Mt s chi ph t vn khc .........

V- Chi ph khc (K hiu : G
K
) gm :
- Chi ph thm tra tng mc u t;
- Chi ph r ph bom mn, vt n;
- Chi ph bo him cng trnh;
- Chi ph di chuyn thit b thi cng v lc lng lao ng n cng
trng;
- Chi ph ng kim cht lng quc t, quan trc bin dng cng trnh;
- Chi ph m bo an ton giao thng phc v thi cng cc cng trnh;
- Chi ph kim ton, thm tra, ph duyt quyt ton vn u t;
- Cc khon ph v l ph theo quy nh;
- Chi ph nghin cu khoa hc cng ngh lin quan d n; vn lu ng
ban u, li vay trong thi gian xy dng; chi ph cho qu trnh chy th
khng ti v c ti theo quy trnh cng ngh trc khi bn giao;
- Mt s chi ph khc.
- Mt s chi ph khc ca d n nu cha c quy nh hoc cha tnh c
ngay th c tm tnh a vo tng mc u t.

VI- Chi ph d phng:

i vi cng trnh thc hin n 2 nm:
G
DP
= 10% * (G
XD
+ G
TB
+ G
QLDA
+ G
TV
+ G
K
)

i vi cng trnh thc hin trn 2 nm:
- Chi ph d phng cho yu t khi lng pht sinh (K hiu G
DP1
)
G
DP1
= 5% * (G
XD
+ G
TB
+ G
QLDA
+ G
TV
+ G
K
)
- Chi ph d phng cho yu t trt gi: (K hiu G
DP2
)
G
DP2
= (V - L
vay
) x (I
XDbq

XD
I
)
- V: Tng mc u t cha c d phng.

- I
XDbq
: Ch s gi xy dng bnh qun.
-
XD
I
: Mc d bo bin ng gi khc so vi ch s gi xy dng
bnh qun tnh.

G
DP
= G
DP1
+ G
DP2

Cng gi tr d ton cng trnh:

G
XDCT
= G
XD
+ G
TB
+ G
QLDA
+ G
TV
+ G
K
+ G
DP

CCH THNH LP BNG TNG HP KINH PH

Bng tng hp kinh ph
STT Khon mc chi ph K
hiu
Cch tnh Thnh
tin
I- Chi ph xy dng G
XD
G
XDNT
+ G
XD

1.1 Cng chi ph trc tip T VL + NC + M + TT
a
b
c
d
Chi ph vt liu
Chi ph nhn cng
Chi ph my thi cng
Chi ph trc tip khc
VL
NC
M
TT
Vt liu thc t
K1%*b
1

K2%*c
(VL+ NC + M)* K3%

1.2 Chi ph chung C K4% * T
1.3 Thu nhp chu thu tnh trc TL K5% * (T + C)
1.4 Chi ph xy dng trc thu G T + C + TL
1.5 Thu GTGT GTGT G * T
GTGT-XD

1.6 Chi ph xy dng sau thu G
XD
G + GTGT
1.7 Chi ph xy dng nh tm v
iu hnh
G
XDNT
G * K6% * (1+ T
GTGT-XD
)
II- Chi ph thit b G
TB
G
MS
+ G
T
+

G
L

III- Chi ph qun l d n G
QLDA
957/2009/Q-BXD: nh
mc chi ph QLDA v
TVT XDCT

IV- Chi ph t vn u t xy
dng
G
TV
M
1
+ M
2
+ M
3
+

4.1 Chi ph kho st M1 Theo quy nh ca n gi
kho st xy dng ca mi
tnh hoc thnh ph
(TT 12/2008/TT-BXD)

4.2 Chi ph lp d n u t M2 957/2009/Q-BXD: nh
mc chi ph QLDA v
TVT XDCT

4.3 Chi ph thm nh d n u
t
M3 Theo hng dn trong TT
109/2000/TT-BTC ngy
13/10/2000

4.4 Chi ph thit k M4 957/2009/Q-BXD: nh

mc chi ph QLDA v
TVT XDCT
4.5 Chi ph thm tra thit k k
thut
M5 957/2009/Q-BXD: nh
mc chi ph QLDA v
TVT XDCT

4.6 Chi ph thm nh thit k k
thut
109/2000/TT-BTC ngy
13/10/2000

4.7 Chi ph thm tra tng d ton M7 957/2009/Q-BXD: nh
mc chi ph QLDA v
TVT XDCT

4.8 Chi ph thm nh tng d
ton
109/2000/TT-BTC ngy
13/10/2000

4.9 Chi ph lp h s mi thu &
nh gi h s d thu
M9 957/2009/Q-BXD: nh
mc chi ph QLDA v
TVT XDCT

4.10 Chi ph gim st thi cng xy
dng
M10 957/2009/Q-BXD: nh
mc chi ph QLDA v
TVT XDCT

4.11 Chi ph kim nh s ph hp
cht lng cng trnh
M11
V- Chi ph khc G
K

5.1 Chi ph thm tra tng mc
u t
N1
5.2 Chi ph quyt ton N2 Theo hng dn trong TT
45/2003/TT-BTC ngy
15/05/2003

5.3 Chi ph kim ton N3 Theo hng dn trong TT
45/2003/TT-BTC ngy
15/05/2003

5.4 Ch ph ba him cng trnh N4 Theo hng dn trong TT
33/2004/Q-BTC ngy
12/04/2004

VI- D phng ph G
DP

Tng d ton cng trnh G
XDCT
G
XD
+ G
TB
+ G
QLDA
+ G
TV
+
G
K
+ G
DP

Xc nh cc khon chi ph trong Bng tng hp chi ph :

Chi ph vt liu (VL hoc A1):
Cn c vo bng tng hp vt liu xc nh chi ph vt liu (k hiu l VL hoc A1),
v bn cht VL chnh l chi ph vt liu theo gi thc t.

Chi ph nhn cng (NC hoc B):


Chi ph nhn cng trong n gi bao gm lng c bn, lng ph, cc khon ph
cp c tnh cht lng v cc chi ph theo ch i vi cng nhn xy lp m c th
khon trc tip cho ngi lao ng tnh cho mt ngy cng nh mc.
Tin lng = Lng CB + Lng ph + Ph cp + Chi ph theo ch
Lu nu s dng b n gi do cc a phng cng b tnh d ton th gi
tr chi ph nhn cng trong bng tnh chi ph trc tip (bng d ton khi lng) cn
phi nhn vi h s iu chnh chi ph nhn cng. (K
C
NC
) xc nh bng mc lng ti
thiu vng theo quy nh mi chia cho mc lng ti thiu tnh trong n gi (xem
iu 1.1.1 ca TT 05/2009/TT-BXD).
C th, i vi khu vc TP H Ch Minh, khi tnh d ton theo n gi xy dng c
bn ban hnh theo quyt nh s 104/2006/Q-UBND (theo mc lng ti thiu chung
nm 2006 l 350 000 ng/thng) th h s K1 c xc nh theo vn bn s
9427/SXD-QLKTXD ngy 05/12/2011 ca S xy dng TP HCM v vic iu chnh
d ton xy dng theo mc lng ti thiu 2 000 000/thng i vi vng I th K1 =
5,714; mc lng ti thiu 1 780 000 /thng i vi vng II th K1 = 5,085

Chi ph my thi cng (M hoc C):

n gi ca my c tnh ton theo hng dn phng php xc nh gi ca my
v thit b thi cng ca B XD (TT 06/2010/TT-BXD) p dng cho cng trnh hoc
t bng gi ca my v thit b thi cng do a phng (tnh/TP trc thuc trung ng)
cng b.
n gi ca my gm 5 khon mc chi ph: CP khu hao, CP sa cha, CP nhin
liu (nng lng), tin lng th iu khin my, CP khc.
CCM = CKH + CSC + CNL + CTL + CCPK (ng/ca)
Lu nu s dng b n gi do cc a phng cng b tnh d ton th gi
tr chi ph my thi cng trong bng tnh chi ph trc tip (bng d ton khi lng) cn
phi nhn vi h s iu chnh chi ph my thi cng. (K
C
MTC
) xc nh bng mc lng
ti thiu vng theo quy nh mi chia cho mc lng ti thiu tnh trong n gi
(xem iu 1.1.1 ca TT 05/2009/TT-BXD).
C th, i vi khu vc TP H Ch Minh, khi tnh d ton theo n gi xy dng
c bn ban hnh theo quyt nh s 104/2006/Q-UBND (theo mc lng ti thiu
chung nm 2006 l 350 000 ng/thng) h s K2 c xc nh theo vn bn s
9427/SXD-QLKTXD ngy 05/12/2011 ca S xy dng TP HCM v vic iu chnh
d ton xy dng theo mc lng ti thiu 2 000 000/thng i vi vng I th K2 =
1,820; mc lng ti thiu 1 780 000 /thng i vi vng II th K2 = 1,717

Chi ph trc tip khc (TT)

H s K3 - Chi ph trc tip khc c tnh bng % trn tng chi ph vt liu, chi ph
nhn cng, chi ph my thi cng. Ring cc cng tc xy dng trong hm giao thng,
hm thu in, hm l th chi ph trc tip khc (k c chi ph vn hnh, chi ph sa
cha thng xuyn h thng cp nc, thot nc, cp gi, cp in phc v thi cng
trong hm) c tnh bng 6,5% tng chi ph vt liu, chi ph nhn cng, chi ph my thi
cng. (Bng 3.7 PL 3 ca TT 04/2010)


Chi ph chung ( C )

H s K4 c tnh bng t l phn trm (%) trn chi ph trc tip trong d ton theo
quy nh i vi tng loi cng trnh nh hng dn ti Bng 3.8 PL 3 ca TT 04/2010.
v d : xy lp cng trnh dn dng th K3 = 0.065 # 6.5%

Thu nhp chu thu tnh trc (TL)
H s K5 c tnh bng t l phn trm (%)trn chi ph trc tip v chi ph chung
trong d ton theo quy nh i vi tng loi cng trnh nh hng dn ti Bng 3.8 PL
3 ca TT 04/2010. v d : xy lp cng trnh dn dng th K5 = 0.055 # 5.5%

Thu gi tr gia tng u ra ca xy lp (VAT
XL
)
Gi tr TGTGT l thu sut ca hat ng xy lp, TGTGT c xc nh theo Lut
thu gi tr gia tng. Mt cch tng qut TGTGT = 10%, vi mt s lai hat ng xy
lp c bit TGTGT 5%.

Chi ph ln tri:
H s K6 c xc nh theo Thng t s 05/2007/TT-BXD ngy 25/7/2007 ca B
Xy Dng v vic hng dn vic lp v qun l chi ph d n u t xy dng cng
trnh. Theo Thng t ny c hai trng hp nh sau:
K6 = 2% : cng trnh mi khi cng xy dng xa khu dn c , nhng cng trnh i
theo tuyn (ng x, knh mng cp I, ng lm nghip, ng dy).
K6 = 1% : i vi cc cng trnh khc.

Chi ph kho st cng trnh :
c tnh ton theo nh mc d ton kho st xy dng do B Xy dng ban
hnh km theo Quyt nh s 1779/BXD-VP ngy 16/08/2007. Cc tnh ton tng t
nh tnh d ton xy lp nhng n gin hn.

Chi ph thit k :
- c tnh ton theo cng vn 957/2009/Q-BXD: nh mc chi ph QLDA v
TVT XDCT
Chi ph qun l d n tnh theo t l % ca tng gi tr xy lp v gi tr trang thit b,
gm:
- Chi ph t chc lp bo co u t, chi ph t chc lp d n u t hoc bo co
kinh t - k thut;
- Chi ph t chc thc hin cng tc bi thng gii phng mt bng, ti nh c
thuc trch nhim ca ch u t;
- Chi ph t chc thi tuyn thit k kin trc;
- Chi ph t chc thm nh d n u t, bo co kinh t - k thut, tng mc u
t; chi ph t chc thm tra thit k k thut, thit k bn v thi cng, d ton xy
dng cng trnh;
- Chi ph t chc la chn nh thu trong hot ng xy dng;
- Chi ph t chc qun l cht lng, khi lng, tin v qun l chi ph xy
dng cng trnh;

- Chi ph t chc m bo an ton v v sinh mi trng ca cng trnh;
- Chi ph t chc lp nh mc, n gi xy dng cng trnh;
- Chi ph t chc kim tra cht lng vt liu, kim nh cht lng cng trnh theo
yu cu ca ch u t;
- Chi ph t chc kim tra v chng nhn s ph hp v cht lng cng trnh;
- Chi ph t chc nghim thu, thanh ton, quyt ton hp ng; thanh ton, quyt
ton vn u t xy dng cng trnh;
- Chi ph t chc nghim thu, bn giao cng trnh;
- Chi ph khi cng, khnh thnh, tuyn truyn qung co;
- Chi ph t chc thc hin mt s cng vic qun l khc.

Chi ph t vn u t xy dng tnh theo t l % ca tng gi tr xy lp hay gi tr trang
thit b, gm:
- Lp bo co u t, d n u t, bo co kinh t-k thut;
- Thi tuyn thit k kin trc;
- Thit k xy dng cng trnh;
- Thm tra thit k k thut, thit k bn v thi cng, d ton xy dng cng trnh.
- La chn nh thu trong hot ng xy dng;
- Gim st kho st, gim st thi cng xy dng, lp t thit b;
- Lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng i vi d n c yu cu phi lp bo
co ring;
- Lp nh mc, n gi xy dng cng trnh;
- Qun l chi ph u t xy dng: tng mc u t, d ton, nh mc xy dng,
n gi xy dng cng trnh, hp ng,...;
- T vn qun l d n;
- Kim tra cht lng vt liu, kim nh cht lng cng trnh theo yu cu ca
ch u t;
- Kim tra v chng nhn s ph hp v cht lng cng trnh;
- Quy i vn u t xy dng cng trnh i vi d n c thi gian thc hin trn
3 nm;
- Cc cng vic t vn u t xy dng khc.

Chi ph khc gm: tnh theo t l % ca tng gi tr xy lp v gi tr trang thit b
- Chi ph thm tra tng mc u t;
- Chi ph r ph bom mn, vt n;
- Chi ph bo him cng trnh;
- Chi ph di chuyn thit b thi cng v lc lng lao ng n cng trng;
- Chi ph ng kim cht lng quc t, quan trc bin dng cng trnh;
- Chi ph m bo an ton giao thng phc v thi cng cc cng trnh;
- Chi ph kim ton, thm tra, ph duyt quyt ton vn u t;
- Cc khon ph v l ph theo quy nh;
- Chi ph nghin cu khoa hc cng ngh lin quan d n; vn lu ng ban u,
li vay trong thi gian xy dng; chi ph cho qu trnh chy th khng ti v c
ti theo quy trnh cng ngh trc khi bn giao;
- Mt s chi ph khc.


10. LP BNG TNH TON KHI LNG XY LP: (Bng Phn tch khi lng)

Phn vic lit k cc cng vic theo m hiu nh mc km tin lng khi lng ca
cc cng vic phi gii trnh (l gii) v bt buc ngi thc hin phi c trnh chuyn
mn (c hiu cc bn v, bit bin php thi cng v trnh t thi cng, nm chc mi lin h
gia cc b phn kt cu,)
Bng c th lp theo mu sau:

Cn phi l gii r rng tng hng mc cng tc.
a). M hiu, n v khi lng c tra trong nh mc c nh nc ban hnh.
C th: i vi cng tc xy lp, M hiu c tra theo nh mc d ton Xy dng
cng trnh theo quyt nh s 1776/2007/ BXD-VB. nh mc gm c 11 chng:
Chng I : Cng tc chun b mt bng xy dng
Chng II : Cng tc o, p t, , ct
Chng III : Cng tc ng cc, p cc, nh cc, khoan to l cc khoan nhi
Chng IV : Cng tc lm ng
Chng V : Cng tc xy gch
Chng VI : Cng tc b tng ti ch
Chng VII : Cng tc sn xut v lp dng cu kin b tng c sn
Chng VIII : Sn xut, lp dng cu kin g
Chng IX : Sn xut, lp dng cu kin st thp
Chng X : Cng tc lm mi, lm trn v cc cng tc hon thin khc
Chng XI : Cc cng tc khc
Phn Mc lc:
M HIU NI DUNG TRANG
Thuyt minh v quy nh p dng 03
Bng phn loi 05
CHNG I: CNG TC CHUN B MT BNG XY DNG 12
AA.11100 Pht rng to mt bng bng th cng 12
AA.11200 Pht rng to mt bng bng c gii 12

M HIU NI DUNG TRANG
AA.12000 Cht cy, o gc cy, bi cy 13
AA.20000 Cng tc ph d cng trnh 15
AA.21000 Ph d bng th cng 15
AA.22000 Ph d bng my 18
AA.23000 Vn chuyn ph thi tip 1000m bng t 7 tn 20
AA.30000 Tho d cc loi kt cu 21
AA.31000 Tho d cc loi kt cu bng th cng 21
AA.32000 Tho d kt cu bng my 23

CHNG II: CNG TC O, P T, , CT 25
AB.10000 o p t, , ct bng th cng 27
AB.11000 o t cng trnh bng th cng 27
AB.12000 Ph bng th cng 32
AB.13000 p t cng trnh bng th cng 33
AB.20000 o p t, , ct cng trnh bng my 35
AB.21000 o san t to mt bng bng my o 35
AB.22000 o san t to mt bng bng my i 36
AB.23000 o san t to mt bng bng my cp 38
AB.24000 o xc t p hoc ra bi thi, bi tp kt bng my o 39
AB.25000 o mng cng trnh bng my 40
AB.26100
o mng cng trnh trn nn t mm, yu bng phng php o chuyn, t
hp 2, 3, 4 my o
44
AB.27000 o knh mng bng my o 45
AB.28100
o knh mng nn ng trn nn t mm, yu bng phng php o
chuyn, t hp 2, 3, 4 my o
48
AB.28200
No vt hoc m rng knh mng trn nn t mm, yu bng t hp my
xng cp v my o
49
AB.30000 o nn ng 50
AB.31000 o nn ng bng my o ln phng tin vn chuyn 50
AB.32000 o nn ng bng my i 51
AB.33000 o nn ng bng my cp 53
AB.34000 San t, bi thi, bi tr, bi gia ti 55
AB.35000 o t trong khung vy phng nc cc tr trn cn 56
AB.36000 Xi ht bn trong khung vy phng nc 56
AB.41000 Vn chuyn t bng t t 57
AB.42000 Vn chuyn t tip 1000m bng t t 58
AB.50000 Cng tc o mt bng, h mng, knh mng, nn ng bng khoan n 59
AB.51100 Ph mt bng cng trnh 59
AB.51200 Ph h mng cng trnh 62
AB.51300 Ph knh mng, nn ng 65
AB.51410 Khoan ph n mn bung trn ging iu p t trn xung ng knh 20m 68

M HIU NI DUNG TRANG
AB.51510 Ph ng vin 69
AB.51610 o ph bng ba cn 70
AB.52100 Xc sau n mn ln phng tin vn chuyn 71
AB.53000 Vn chuyn bng t t 72
AB.54000 Vn chuyn sau n mn 1000m tip theo bng t t 73
AB.55000 i sau n mn bng my i 74
AB.55300 Xc hn hp, tng bi tr, cc b tng ln phng tin bng my o 75
AB.56000 Vn chuyn hn hp, tng, cc b tng lp sng bng t t 76
AB.57000 Vn chuyn hn hp, tng, cc b tng 1000m tip theo bng t t 76
AB.58000 Cng tc ph o hm bng khoan n 77
AB.59000 Cng tc bc xc, vn chuyn n mn trong hm 88
AB.60000 p t, ct cng trnh bng my 89
AB.61000 p t, ct mt bng cng trnh bng tu ht 90
AB.62000 San m t mt bng 90
AB.63000 p p, knh mng 91
AB.64000 p nn ng 92
AB.65100 p t cng trnh bng m cc 93
AB.66000 p ct cng trnh 94
AB.67000 p cng trnh 95
AB.68100 p p b tng bn mt 96
AB.68200 p thn p bng 97
AB.68300 p lp gia c mi p bng tng 98
AB.68400 p nt hm 98
AB.70000 Cng tc no vt cc cng trnh thu 99
AB.71000 No vt bng tu ht 100
AB.72000 No vt bng tu cuc bin, cuc sng 103
AB.73000 No vt bng tu ht bng t hnh 105
AB.74100
No vt bng tu ht phun, ht bng t hnh, t bng h thng thu lc x
y
107
AB.75100 Xi ht t t tu ht bng, phun ln b 108
AB.81100 No vt knh mng bng my o gu dy 109
AB.81200 No vt di nc bng my o gu dy 111
AB.81300 No vt bng tu o 112
AB.82000 o ph , bc xc di nc bng tu o 113
AB.90000 Vn chuyn t, ct bng tu ko, x lan v tu ht bng t hnh 114
AB.91000 Vn chuyn t, ct i bng tu ko, x lan 114
AB.92000
Vn chuyn t, ct i 1km tip theo ngoi 6km u bng tu ht bng t
hnh
115

CHNG III: CNG TC NG CC, P CC, NH CC, KHOAN TO
L CC KHOAN NHI
116

M HIU NI DUNG TRANG
AC.10000 Cng tc ng cc 116
AC.11000 ng cc bng th cng 117
AC.12000 ng cc bng my 121
AC.13000 ng cc b tng ct thp 124
AC.21000 ng cc ng b tng ct thp 131
AC.22000 ng cc vn thp, cc ng thp, cc thp hnh 133
AC.23100 Nh cc 137
AC.24000 Lm cc ct 139
AC.25000 p trc, p sau cc, nh cc c 140
AC.29000 Cng tc ni cc 144
AC.30000 Cng tc khoan cc nhi 146

CHNG IV: CNG TC LM NG 182
AD.11000 Lm mng ng 182
AD.20000 Lm mt ng 186
AD.30000 Cc tiu, bin bo hiu ng b 199
Ph lc cng tc lm ng (nh mc d ton cp phi vt liu) 205
AD.40000 Cng tc lm mt ng st 208
AD.50000 Lp t cc ph kin ng st 217
AD.60000 Lm nn ba lt 220
AD.70000 Lp t h thng thng tin, tn hiu 223
AD.80000 Sn xut v lp t phao tiu, ct bo hiu, bin bo hiu ng sng 232

CHNG V: CNG TC XY GCH 237
AE.10000 Xy 237
AE.20000 Xy gch ch 245
AE.30000 Xy gch th 5x10x20 251
AE.40000 Xy gch th 4,5x9x19 254
AE.50000 Xy gch th 4x8x19 257
AE.60000 Xy gch ng 260
AE.70000 Xy gch rng 267
AE.81000 Xy gch b tng rng 270
AE.82000 Xy tng gch silict 270
AE.83000 Xy tng thng gi 271
AE.90000 Xy gch chu la 272
Ph lc nh mc cp phi va xy 274

CHNG VI: CNG TC B TNG TI CH 279
AF.10000 B tng dm sn xut bng my trn v bng th cng 280
AF.20000
B tng sn xut qua dy chuyn trm trn ti hin trng hoc thng phm,
290

M HIU NI DUNG TRANG
bng cn cu
AF.30000
B tng sn xut qua dy chuyn trm trn ti hin trng hoc thng phm,
bng my bm b tng t hnh
298
AF.40000 B tng thu cng 310
AF.51100 Sn xut va b tng bng trm trn ti hin trng 337
AF.52000 Vn chuyn va b tng 338
AF.60000 Cng tc sn xut, lp dng ct thp 340
AF.70000 Cng tc sn xut, lp dng ct thp cng trnh thu cng 360
AF.80000 Cng tc sn xut, lp dng, tho d vn khun 379
Ph lc cng tc b tng nh mc cp phi vt liu) 403

CHNG VII: CNG TC SN XUT V LP DNG CU KIN B
TNG C SN
419
AG.10000 Sn xut cu kin b tng c sn 419
AG.20000 Lp dng tm tng, tm sn, mi 3D-SG 428
AG.30000 Cng tc sn xut, lp dng, tho d vn khun 431
AG.40000 Lp dng cu kin b tng c sn 433
AG.50000 Lao lp dm cu 437

CHNG VIII: SN XUT, LP DNG CU KIN G 441
AH.10000 Sn xut v ko 441
AH.20000 Cng tc lm cu g 445
AH.30000 Lp dng khun ca, ca cc loi 446

CHNG IX: SN XUT, LP DNG CU KIN ST THP 447
AI.10000 Sn xut cu kin st thp 447
AI.20000 Sn xut, lp dng cu kin dm cu thp 456
AI.31000 Sn xut, lp dng v thp gia c hm 463
AI.32000 Sn xut, lp t chi tit t sn trong b tng hm 464
AI.51000 Sn xut ca van 461
AI.52000 Sn xut kt cu thp 465
AI.53000 Sn xut mt bch 469
AI.60000 Lp dng cu kin thp 470

CHNG X: CNG TC LM MI, LM TRN V CC CNG TC
HON THIN KHC
483
AK.10000 Cng tc lm mi 483
AK.20000 Cng tc trt 486
AK.30000 Cng tc p gch, 492
AK.40000 Cng tc lng 495
AK.50000 Cng tc lt gch, 497
AK.60000 Cng tc lm trn 502

M HIU NI DUNG TRANG
AK.70000 Cng tc lm mc trang tr 506
AK.80000 Cng tc qut vi, nc xi mng, sn, b, ... 512

CHNG XI: CC CNG TC KHC 530
AL.11000 Ty r kt cu thp bng phun ct 530
AL.12000 Kin trc cc lp mng di nc 531
AL.13000 Lm mng cu bn ngp nc 532
AL.14000 Lm lp lt mng trong khung vy 533
AL.15100 Lm v th r 534
AL.15200 Lm v th rng 534
AL.15300 Th hc vo thn k 535
AL.16100 Gia c nn t yu bng bc thm, vi a k thut 535
AL.17000 Trng vng c mi knh mng, , p, mi taluy nn ng 536
AL.18100 Trng c Vetiver gia c mi taluy 536
AL.21100
Sn xut, lp t khe co, khe gin, khe ngm lin kt, khe tng cng ng
ln, sn
537
AL.22100 Ct khe ng ln, sn 537
AL.23100 Trm khe ng ln, sn bng mastic 538
AL.24100 Lm khe co, khe gin, khe dc sn, bi, mt ng b tng 538
AL.25100 Lp t gi cu, khe co gin cu bng cao su 539
AL.31000 Lm cu mng, knh mng v mng bng va xi mng ct vng v li thp 540
AL.40000 Cng tc lm khp ni 541
AL.51100
Khoan l phun xi mng gia c nn p, mng chng thm v khoan l kim
tra nn p, mng chng thm
543
AL.51200 Gia c nn p, mng chng thm bng phun xi mng 544
AL.51300 Khoan gim p 544
AL.51400 Khoan cm no anke 545
AL.52100 Khoan to l neo cm neo gia c mi taluy ng 549
AL.52200 Sn xut, lp t thp no anke nn , mi v bm va 550
AL.52300 Sn xut, lp t thp no anke trong hm v bm va 551
AL.52400 Sn xut, lp t ko cng cp neo gia c mi taluy ng 552
AL.52500 Lp dng li thp gia c mi 553
AL.52600 Gia c mi ta luy bng phun vy va ximng 553
AL.52700 Bt mi o bng my 554
AL.52800 Sn xut, lp dng li thp gia c hm 555
AL.53100 Phun vy gia c hm 556
AL.53200 Phun vy xi mng lp y hm ngang 557
AL.53300 Bm va chn cp neo, cn neo thp 32mm gia c mi taluy ng 557
AL.53400 Khoan, phun va xi mng gia c v hm ngang 558
AL.54000 Cng tc hon thin nn hm, nn trc khi b tng 559

M HIU NI DUNG TRANG
AL.55000 Khoan kim tra, x l y cc khoan nhi 560
AL.56000 Cng tc sn xut, lp dng, tho d ng trt hm ng, hm nghing 561
AL.60000 Lp dng dn gio thp cng c 564
AL.70000 Cng tc bc xp v vn chuyn ln cao 565

CH :
nh mc 1776/2007/ BXD-VB c b sung, sa i 1 s cng tc bng nh mc b
sund, sa i ban hnh km theo quyt nh 1091/Q-BXD.

b). Gi tr vt t, my thi cng, nhn cng c tra trong n gi xy dng c bn ca
tng a phng, v c tra theo m hiu.

V d: Cn tra cng tc o mng ct tr , h kim tra, rng >1m, su> 1, t cp 3
- Tra mc lc, bit m hiu cng tc o t l: AB. 11xxx. Trang 27.
- Tin hnh tra cho ph hp vi cng tc nh sau:

AB.11400 O MNG CT TR, H KIM TRA
Thnh phn cng vic:
o mng, h theo ng yu cu k thut, xc t ng ni quy nh hoc ln phng
tin vn chuyn trong phm vi 10m.
Nhn cng 3,0/7
n v tnh: cng/1m
3

M hiu Cng tc xy lp
Cp t
I II III IV
o mng ct, tr, h kim tra
Rng (m) Su (m)
AB.1141
AB.1142

1
1
>1
0,76
1,09
1,19
1,58
1,90
2,34
3,10
3,60
AB.1143
AB.1144
>1 1
>1
0,50
0,71
0,77
1,04
1,25
1,51
2,00
2,34
1 2 3 4
Tra c m hiu l AB.11443, n v l 1m
3
.
- Da vo m hiu, tra n gi xy dng c bn TP HCM, ta tra c n gi
vt t, my thi cng, cng nhn.



Thnh tin vt t = khi lng x n gi vt t
Thnh tin nhn cng = khi lng x n gi nhn cng
Thnh tin my thi cng = khi lng x n gi my thi cng.
Ch : c th da vo cc d ton c sn nhanh chng bit c m hiu v n
gi (theo tng tnh, thnh).

Bi tp.

11. LP BNG PHN TCH VT T-NHN CNG- MY THI CNG:

Bng ny c lp lm c s cho vic tng hp cc loi vt t, nhn cng, my thi
cng, ng thi kim tra khi lng vt t, nhn cng my thi cng dng cho mi cng
vic.
Trong cng trnh dn dng, thng t l chi ph MTC khng cao so vi chi ph NC v t s dng cc MTC cng
nh NC c bit nn trong h s d ton thng ch trnh by bng phn tch VT m khng trnh by i vi NC v
MTC. Tuy nhin khi s dng phng php p gi trc tip th cn th hin y cc thnh phn.

C th lp bng phn tch vt t theo mu:

Cch thc hin bng phn tch vt t:

a). M hiu cng vic; cng vic; khi lng (ct 2-3-6) c ly t bng Phn tch (chit
tnh) khi lng i vi nhng cng vic cn c vt t.
b). Cc vt t cn c; nh mc c ly t nh mc da vo m hiu (tng t nh vic
tra m hiu trong nh mc) ( hay da vo nh mc ta s c: m hiu cng tc, n v v
vt t cn s dng).

12. LP BNG TNG HP VT T-NHN CNG- MY THI CNG:

tng hp cc loi vt t s dng da vo bng Phn tch vt t. Tin hnh p gi
thc t.
C th thc hin theo bng sau:

BNG TNG HP VT T
HNG MC:
STT VT T N V KHI LNG N GI THNH TIN
1 Xi mng PC40 kg 30758,842 811,00 24.945.420,86
2 N
c lt 24961,537 5,00 124.807,69

3 Ct vng m3 86,576 72.000,00 6.233.472,00
4 a
dm 1x2 m3 58,947 120.000,00 7.073.640,00

T
NG 278.567.290,00

13. LP BNG TNG HP KINH PH:
Cn gi l Bng tng hp d ton cng trnh, th hin y 6 khon mc chi ph ca
d ton. Cc khon mc chi ph c th din gii chi tit trong bng ny. Khi d ton phc
tp, thng ngi ta tch phn din gii chi tit cc khon mc chi ph (nh CP xy dng,
CP thit b, CP TVT, CP khc, CP d phng) thnh cc bng tnh ring:
Bng tng hp d ton chi ph xy dng.
Bng tng hp d ton chi ph thit b.
Bng tng hp d ton chi ph t vn u t XD.
Bng tng hp d ton chi ph khc.
Bng tng hp d ton chi ph d phng
Thc hin nh Mc 9.

14. MT S LU KHI TNH KHI LNG CC CNG TC THNG GP
TRONG CC CNG TRNH XY DNG C BN.
14.1. Lu v cao quy nh trong cc cng tc:
Chiu cao ghi trong nh mc d ton l chiu cao ca cng trnh.
Chiu cao ny c tnh t ct 0.00 theo thit k n nh cng trnh.
Ct 0.00 c hiu l trong h cao qui c (trong cng trnh dn dng l ct sn
tng trt).
Chiu cao cng trnh c chia thnh cc nhm p dng cc nh mc:
- Nhm cng trnh c chiu cao 4m.

- Nhm cng trnh c chiu cao >50m.
Mt s cng tc xy dng trong nh mc c quy nh cao (nh cng tc xy
tng,
BT ct,) th p dng cc m hiu trong nh mc ng vi chiu cao ca cng trnh.
V d nu cng trnh cao 12m (tnh t ct 0,00) c 3 tng s thuc nhm cng trnh c chiu
cao 16m, khi cng tc xy tng ca tt c cc tng u p dng m hiu ng vi
cao 16m. Mt s cng tc xy dng trong nh mc khng quy nh cao (nh cng tc
trt, lng, p, v.v) th p dng chung cho tt c cc nhm chiu cao cng trnh, tuy nhin
khi nhm chiu cao cng trnh >4m c p dng nh mc bc xp vn chuyn vt liu ln
cao. Cng tc vn chuyn vt liu ln cao xem chi tit mc 14.23 pha di.

14.2. Cng tc p ph, tho d:
Lu v bin php ph d c 2 trng hp: bng th cng v bng my.
i vi cng tc p u cc BTCT ct thp cc loi khng nn dng m hiu cng
tc ph d kt cu BT c ct thp v p u cc i hi p c k thut, gi cho phn bn
di khng b h hng (xem thm mc 14.4 bn di).
14.3. Cng tc t:
nh mc cng tc o, p t, , ct c quy nh cho 1m3 o p hon chnh
(bao gm cc cng vic o xc t, m ln k c cc cng vic chun b v hon thin
v.v..).
nh mc o t tnh cho o 1m3 t nguyn th o ti ni o.
nh mc p t tnh cho 1m3 p o ti ni p.
o t p hoc p t (bng t c sn ti ni p) cha tnh lng nc phc
v ti m. o p bng khi lng t p nhn vi h s chuyn i t t thin
nhin cn o p (xem bng h s chuyn i bnh qun t t o sang t p trong
b M phn XD)
Ring khi lng hn hp cn o v vn chuyn p c tnh bng khi lng
hn hp o ti ni p nhn vi h s chuyn i 1,13
nh mc vn chuyn tnh cho 1m3 t o o ti ni o tnh n h s n ri ca
t (ngha l khi tnh khi lng t vn chuyn th tnh theo khi lng hnh hc ca khi
o/p m khng c nhn thm h s n ri).
Vn chuyn bng th cng ghi trong nh mc tnh cho 10m vn chuyn tip theo (m
hiu AB.11120 - cho bn v m hiu AB.11900 - cho t) quy nh vn chuyn trong phm
vi ti a 300m. Nu k hiu [AB.11912] l nh mc vn chuyn t bng th cng cho
1m3 t cp II i 10m tip theo th nh mc vn chuyn t bng th cng cho 1m3 t cp
II i qung ng L (m) k t ch t ln phng tin vn chuyn tnh theo cng thc
[AB.11912] x (L/10)
Vn chuyn bng t t tnh n h s n ri ca t, c nh mc cho cc
c ly:
300m (m hiu AB.411xx); 500m (m hiu AB.412xx);
700m (m hiu AB.413xx); 1000m (m hiu AB.414xx).
(k hiu xx c ly tng ng vi cp t, v loi phng tin vn chuyn).
V d: - Khi vn chuyn vi c ly 450m th ly m hiu AB.412xx (ngha l ly theo nh

mc vn chuyn vi c ly 500m).
- Khi vn chuyn vi c ly 800m th ly m hiu AB.414xx (ngha l ly theo nh
mc vn chuyn vi c ly 1.000m).
Trng hp c ly vn chuyn L>1km th phn vt ngoi 1km u tin c nh
mc trong cc trng hp sau:
L 2Km (ngha l phn vt ngoi 1km u tin c ln 1km) (m hiu
AB.421xx)
Cng thc: AB.414xx + AB.421xx (L-1)
AB.422xx)
AB.423xx)
L > 7Km (ngha l phn vt ngoi 1km u tin c ln > 6km) (m hiu
AB.424xx), trong on t 1km n 7km th dng m hiu AB.423xx.
Cng thc: AB.414xx + AB.423xx 6 + AB.424xx (L-7)
Khi trnh by trong bng tnh cc chi ph trc tip th s hng u ng vi dng th
nht c m hiu AB.414xx , cc s hng sau ng vi dng th hai (c m hiu
AB.42[1/2/3]xx) v dng th ba (c m hiu AB.424xx) c 2 cch th hin:
Cch 1: gi nguyn khi lng t vn chuyn, thay i n gi vn chuyn bng
cch nhn n gi vi cc h s (L-1) hoc 6 hoc (L-7).
Cch 2: gi nguyn n gi nhng thay i khi lng t vn chuyn bng cch
nhn khi lng vn chuyn vi cc h s (L-1) hoc 6 hoc (L-7).
o t h mng:
- Kch thc y h o thng ly theo kch thc mt bng lp lt mng, tr nhng
mng qu nh cn m rng thm sao cho c th thao tc c thun li hoc nhng mng
kh ln phi lm thm mng thu nc quanh y h mng.
- Bin php o: o th cng (n v tnh 1m3) hoc o my (n v tnh 100m3)
hoc kt hp c 2 (cn c bin php thi cng trong thuyt minh thit k).
Lu : i vi nn t nhin khng gia c c khi lng o ln, phi dng my o,
th nn chia thnh 2 phn: o bng my v sa bng th cng. V d o mng su 3m th
phn o my ly vi chiu su 2,9m, cn 0,1m p dng m hiu o th cng.
Cng tc o t t ng ng, ng cp p dng m hiu ring (AB.11610:
c m mi ta luy; AB.11620: mi dc thng ng). Trng hp o t t ng ng,
ng cp trong thnh ph, th trn nh mc nhn cng c nhn h s 1,2 so vi nh
mc tng ng.
- p t cng trnh bng th cng: p ct dng nhm m hiu AB.13400
- p t, ct cng trnh bng tu ht: dng nhm m hiu AB.61000
- San m t mt bng: dng nhm m hiu AB.62000 (lu c 4 cp cht
K=0,85/0,90/0,95/0,98)
- p t cng trnh bng m cc dng nhm m hiu AB.65100 (lu c 3 cp
cht K=0,85/0,90/0,95)
- p ct cng trnh bng my m (xe lu): dng nhm m hiu AB.66000 (Trng
hp p ct to mt bng cng trnh san nn khng yu cu m cht th hao ph nhn

cng, my thi cng c nhn h s 0,85 so vi nh mc p ct cng trnh vi cht
K=0,85).
Thng thng khi o l hnh chp ct, tnh th tch, ngoi chiu su o phi bit
kch thc 2 y hoc kch thc 1 y v mi dc o.
Cng thc tnh th tch hnh chp ct u c
din tch hai y B v b, chiu cao h :
V = h(B+b+ (B.b)
0.5
)/3
i vi ng ct (), o t mng n c hnh
khi l hnh chp ct u vi y l 2 hnh ch nht
c cc cp cnh ln lt l (a, b) v (c,d), cao h th
c th tnh theo cng thc sau:
V = h [ab + (a+c)(b+d) + cd]/6

14.4. Cng tc cc:
Cng tc cc trong nh mc gm c cc, ng (p) / nh cc, cha tnh n cc chi
ph sau:
Bc tch cc ra khi v tr trong bi c. Cng tc ny c th vn dng m hiu XG.1031xx.
Cu chuyn cc t bi c n bi cha (hoc ni ng) trong phm vi <500m. Cng tc ny c
th vn dng m hiu XG.1041xx. Trng hp vn chuyn tip 1000m: m hiu XG.1045xx. Lu nu cc
c tp trung ti bi cha th phi tnh thm mt ln cu chuyn cc t bi cha n ni ng. Lu chi
ph di chuyn thit b thi cng n cng trng v ni b trong cng trng c tnh trong chi ph khc
v chi ph trc tip khc.
nh mc ng cc bng my tnh cho 100m cc ngp t, i vi on cc khng
ngp t: KVL=1; KNC= 0,75 v KMTC= 0,75 (vn ny thng gp trong cng trnh
cu, cng).
Khi ng, p cc xin: KVL=1; KNC= 1,22 v KMTC= 1,22.
Trng hp phi dng cc dn ng cc m: KVL=1; KNC= 1,05 v KMTC=
1,05.
Trong nh mc cha tnh n cng tc gia cng ch to cc dn. Cc dn thng s
dng nhiu ln nn d ton ch to cc dn cn xt n lun lu ca vt liu (tham kho
mc 14.22).
Quy nh cch xc nh cp t p dng nh mc nh sau:
+ Nu tng cng su ca lp t cp I > 60% chiu di cc ngp t th ton b
phn cc ngp t p dng nh mc t cp I.
+ Nu tng cng su ca lp t cp I < 40% chiu di cc ngp t thit k th
ton b phn cc ngp t p dng nh mc t cp II.
nu tng cng su ca lp t cp I nm trong khong (40 - 60)% chiu di cc
ngp t th p dng nh mc t cp I v t cp II tng ng vi tng chiu dy ca tng
cp t (ngha l dng 2 m hiu, mt ng vi t cp I v mt ng vi t cp II).
Trng hp ng, p cc phi s dng bin php khoan dn th on cc ng, p qua
chiu su khoan dn tnh bng nh mc ng, p cc vo t cp I (Cng tc khoan dn
cha tnh trong nh mc, y vn dng m hiu khoan cc nhi AC.3xxxx s khng ph
hp bng vn dng m hiu khoan ging BD.1-2xxxx).
Cng tc ng cc vn thp (c larsen), cc ng thp, cc thp hnh c nh mc
cho 100m cc ng nm li trong cng trnh (v d kt cu k bo v b bn cp tu kiu

tng c). Trng hp cc nh ln, s dng li nhiu ln (v d trong kt cu khung vy,
tng chn tm) th hao ph vt liu cc c xc nh nh sau:
Hao ph tnh theo thi gian v mi trng
Hao ph vt liu cc cho 1 ln ng nh ng vi thi gian cc nm trong cng trnh <1thng
bng 1,17%. Thi gian cc nm li trong cng trnh t thng th 2 tr i th c mi thng hao ph
vt liu cc c tnh thm nh sau:
a/ Nu cc ng trn cn hoc ng trong mi trng nc ngt bng 1,17%/thng
b/ Nu cc ng trong mi trng nc l bng 1,22%/thng
c/ Nu cc ng trong mi trng nc mn bng 1,29%/thng
Hao ht do st m, to u cc, m cc
a/ ng vo t cp I, II hao ht bng 3,5%/ 1 ln ng nh
b/ ng vo t, , c ng sut > 5 kg/cm2 bng 4,5% cho mt ln ng nh
Trng hp cc khng nh c phi ct th phn cc ct li cng trnh c tnh
100% theo khi lng cc nm trong cng trnh.
ng cc trm: trong nh mc ch cho loi 8-10cm, cc loi khc cn vn dng c
iu chnh.
p cc BTCT (p trc / p sau): dng nhm m hiu AC.25000, AC.26000,
AC.28000 (p sau cha c nh mc cho cc cc tit din > 20x20cm)
Ni cc thp v BTCT dng nhm m hiu AC.29000 (n v tnh l 1 mi ni). Lu
a s mi ni ca cc ng BTCT trn th trng VN khng dng bu lng m dng lin kt
hn i u c hn thm tm p ging nh ni cc ng thp dng m hiu AC.294xx s
khng ph hp bng m hiu AC.29221.
Cc khoan nhi:
- To cc dng nhm m hiu AC.30000 (xem chi tit thuyt minh v hng dn
p dng b nh mc phn XD).
- Cng tc SX ng vch cho cc khoan nhi dng m hiu AI.12111.
- Cng tc lp t, tho d ng vch dng m hiu AC.3451x.
- Cng tc p u cc: dng m hiu AA.223xx.
Cng tc p u cc BTCT thng ( ly thp cc ni vo kt cu bn trn): nu vn
dng cng tc p ph kt cu BT c ct thp, m hiu AA.22111 (ph bng ba cn) hoc
AA.22211 (ph bng my khoan) th cn iu chnh tng chi ph nhn cng v my thi cng v cng
tc p ph ny i hi khng c gy h hng phn cc bn di. Cng c th vn dng m hiu
AA.223xx ca cc khoan nhi cho cc BTCT thng nhng cn iu chnh tng chi ph nhn cng
v my thi cng v mt thp v cng ca BT trong cc BTCT thng ln hn cc khoan
nhi, ng thi b sung bin php bo v phn cc bn di (ning kp u cc hoc ct lp BT
bo v quanh u cc bng my ct BT).
14.5. Cng tc vn khun:
Cch tnh din tch vn khun (lu phn vin xung quanh ca kt cu v cc mt
xin) :
- Din tch vn khun bng tng din tch cc b mt ca kt cu cn vn khun
(khng phi l tng din tch ca cc tm vn khun m n v thi cng dng ngoi hin
trng).
- Lu mt y king (trng hp khng c thit k lp lt y), mt y ca cc
c sn (trng hp khng c thit k bi c cc), mt hng cc (trng hp dng 2 cc
c 2 bn lm vn khun thnh),... khi tnh d ton cn xem nh c lm phn vn
khun ny (trong thc t c th mt s trng hp l khng c lm!)

BT lt trc y khng cho php tnh vn khun, hin nay khng thy qui nh ny
na. Chn loi vt liu ca vn khun: g, thp, vn p (cn vn khun nha cha c
nh mc): ty yu cu ca thit k hoc quan im ca ngi lp d ton, lu i vi cc
cu kin (mng, ct, tng, dm, sn) ni chung n gi ton b (VL+NC+MTC) ca VK
g l t nht, k n l thp, sau l vn p cng nghip.
Lu cng tc vn khun g cho sn (AF.81151) th khng phn theo nhm cao
cng trnh, cn cng tc vn khun thp, vn khun vn p th c phn theo nhm cao
ca cng trnh (AF.82111 n AF.86331).
Trng hp cu kin c l < 1m2 : cho php chn cch tnh c xt l v khng xt l.
Phn bit 2 trng hp : vn khun ca kt cu BT ti ch (m hiu AF.8xxxx) v
ca kt cu BT c sn (m hiu AG.3xxxx).
Vn khun ch c dng g nhm VII, VIII. Chiu dy g vn khun nh mc l
3cm.
Vn khun cho BT ti ch :
Phi s dng lun chuyn 5 ln nu bng g (c b hao ht); 80 ln nu bng thp, tn (khng b
hao ht).
Cy chng vn khun BT phi s dng lun chuyn 10 ln nu bng g ; 250 ln nu bng thp
hnh.
Vn khun cho BT c sn (k c vng chng, np): Phi s dng lun chuyn 20-30-40-50
ln (ty trng hp) nu bng g (phn hao ht tnh trong nh mc); 250 ln nu bng thp, tn (khng
b hao ht)
14.6. Cng tc ct thp:
Ct thp trong nh mc c phn thnh 3 nhm : 10, 18, >18, mi nhm c
m hiu ring v nh mc khc nhau. Tuy nhin khi lp d ton nn tnh chi tit cho tng
loi ng knh d thng k khi tng hp vt t v p gi. Ch rng hin nay thp 10
a s dng thanh ch khng phi dng cun (hao ht 0,5%), nn xp n vo nhm 18
(hao ht 2,5%).
Phn bit 2 trng hp : ct thp ca kt cu BT ti ch (m hiu AF.6xxxx
AF.7xxxx) v ca kt cu BT c sn (m hiu AG.13xxx)
Trong nh mc: 10: ni buc, > 10 : ni buc + hn.
Trng hp thanh thp 10 theo thit k c chiu di > 11,7m cn tnh thm thp
ni (lu s mi ni tnh theo cng thc n = [L/11,7] l gn ng v thng thp hn thc
t).
Cn lu : trong cc bn v thit k thng thiu th hin thp ni (bt buc do mch
ngng thi cng) ca ct, ca ging tng, v thp ru ct ( cu vo tng xy), cc ct
thp chng cho sn c 2 lp thp,..., cn ngh thit k b sung.
i vi ct thp cc khoan nhi: b sung cc ni thp theo CV 159/BXD-KTTC
(29/8/2007).
14.7. Cng tc b tng:
Phn bit 2 trng hp : kt cu BT ti ch (m hiu AF.1xxx AF.5.xxx) v kt
cu BT c sn (m hiu AG.11xxx AG.12xxx).
Kt cu BT ti ch :
_ Trn bng my trn ti cng trnh, bng th cng: chung 1 m hiu AF.1xxxx.
_ Trn bng dy chuyn ti cng trnh (m hiu AF.51xxx), vn chuyn n ni
(m hiu AF.52xxx), bng cn trc (m hiu AF.2xxxx).

_ Trn bng dy chuyn ti cng trnh (m hiu AF.51xxx), vn chuyn n ni
(m hiu AF.52xxx), bng bm (m hiu AF.3xxxx).
i vi BT thy cng ( bng cn cu 16T, 25T, 40T v bng bm) : AF.4xxxx.
Trng hp va BT SX ti nh my th thng khng tnh cng tc trn v vn
chuyn n cng trng v gi va bao gm trn v chuyn ch (thm ch c c cng
bm).
Cng tc BT trong trng hp bng cn trc hoc bng my bm khng
c tnh thm cng tc vn chuyn va BT ln cao.
Cng tc vn chuyn va BT c ly di:
_ bng t chuyn trn (AF.521xx) : khng khng ch c ly ti a (ngoi 4km th
tnh thm cho mi km tip theo vi m hiu AF.5217x).
_ bng t t (AF.523xx) : c ly ti a 3km.
Mc va 300: bt buc c ph gia ha do (loi v liu lng do thit k qui nh).
Kt cu cn chng thm: tng hm, h nc, sn mi, thng c dng ph gia
chng thm (ty theo yu cu ca thit k), trng hp bt buc phi c mch ngng th
phi tnh thm phn x l chng thm cho mch ngng.
Trong nh mc mi khng c m hiu cho cng tc BT gch v (nhng vn cn nh
mc cp phi), c th vn dng m hiu ca BT lt c iu chnh cp phi va BT.
Lu phn giao nhau ca cc cu kin cn tch ring cho tng cu kin (v nh mc
l khc nhau), khng c tnh trng lp. VD ch giao ct dm sn th u tin phn BT
giao cho cu kin sn, k n l dm, sau cng l ct (theo trnh t v bin php thi cng).
Theo qui nh ca nh mc, th tch BT cho php tnh khng tr phn ct thp bn
trong.
Khi lng cc nguyn vt liu th ch to va BT (xi mng, ct, , nc) ngoi vic
ph thuc mc va cn ph thuc vo mc XM v st ca va. Trong cc tp n gi th
va BT c tnh ng vi mt mc XM nht nh v mt st qui nh no , chng hn
n gi TPHCM s dng va XM PC30, st 2 4cm i vi th cng, st 6
8cm khi bng cn cu v st 14 17cm khi bng bm b tng.
Thnh phn cng vic ca cng tc BT c bo dng BT nhng trong nh mc cha
thy vt t cho cng tc bo dng (cn nhn cng bo dng c tnh cha, ch c ngi
lp b nh mc mi bit!).
14.8. Cng tc xy gch:

Nhm m hiu AE.(2-9)0000 (cng tc xy , xp xem nhm m hiu AE.10000).
Lu n v tnh hu ht l m3 ch khng phi m2 nh trc y (tr xy gch thng
gi tnh bng m2, xy gch chu la tnh bng tn). Khi tnh th tch khi xy cn lu gi
tr chiu dy khi xy : Chiu dy khi xy khng tnh chiu dy lp va trt, khng phi
ly theo chiu dy qui c (nh tng 100 l 10cm, tng 200 l 20cm). VD nh tng
100 xy bng gch 8x8x19cm th chiu dy khi xy l 8cm, nu xy bng gch 9x9x19cm
th chiu dy khi xy l 9cm.
Cc loi gch xy trong nh mc ch xt nhng loi c kch thc theo tiu chun
(8x8x19, 9x9x19, 10x10x20cm,).
Chn mc va xy (25/50/75/100): theo thit k.
nh mc va xy/trt/lng: va xi mng + ct, ph thuc ln ht ct: ct to
(ML>2), ct trung (ML=1,5-2), ct mn (ML=0,7-1,4) v mc xi mng (PC30/ PC40).

Khi tnh khi lng xy cn phn nhm theo chiu dy khi xy v tr tt c nhng b
phn khng phi tng xy trong mng tng ang xt (nh ca, lam gi, trng, lanh
t,).
Xy nhng cu kin bn di ct 0,00 cn p dng nhng m hiu ring, khng dng
cc m hiu xy tng, v d nh xy h ga, gi cng, b nc, (m hiu AE.26xxx,
AE.34xxx,). Trong nh mc vic xy h ga, gi cng, b nc, c qui nh cho
1 c gch nht nh (v d gch th 5x10x20), nu thit k dng c gch khc (v d gch
th 4x8x19) th phi iu chnh nh mc vt liu (v c nhn cng, MTC nu cn) theo cc
m hiu xy tng dng c gch nh thit k (4x8x19).
14.9. Cng tc trt:

Phn bit 2 trng hp trt tng: bn ngoi nh (AK.211xx) v bn trong nh
(AK.212xx).
Cng tc trt s n, mi ht, lam ngang c m hiu ring: AK.251xx. i vi s n,
mi ht cn tnh cng tc trt ch nc dc theo ng bin mt di (AK.253xx)
Cng tc trt khng xt thng s chiu cao cng trnh cho nn phi tnh thm cng tc
dn gio ngoi nh, trong nh (xem chi tit 13.23) v cng tc vn chuyn vt liu ln cao
(xem chi tit 13.24).
Trt bng va xi mng, bng va BT ht :
Chn mc va trt (25/50/75/100) : theo thit k.
Chn chiu dy trt (1/1,5/2cm) : theo thit k hoc theo tiu chun v cng tc
trt.
Lu tnh cc g ca i, ca s, cc trng, phn tng t do (mt hng,
nh trn).
Nu phi b lp bm dnh bng XM ln b mt kt cu trc khi trt th nh
mc c nhn vi h s K
VL
=1,25 v K
NC
= 1,10. VD khi tnh trt cc b mt b tng
(tng, ct, dm, trn,) th nh mc cn nhn vi KVL=1,25 v KNC= 1,10.
Din tch trt dm: tr tng mt di v tr sn mt bn (nu c).
Din tch trt: tr phn tng p gch men nhng khng tr phn p chn tng.
Trt c nh mu XM: dng nh mc vt t 02.0240: thm 0,3kg XM (PC30) cho
1m
2
tng, i vi nhn cng c th tng thm 34% nh i vi lng c nh mu XM.
Lu : Trng hp cc cu kin BT (nh ct, dm,) lin tng th vic trt cc cu
kin ny tnh nh cng tc trt tng (dng m hiu AK.21xxx-AK.231xx) c nhn
K
VL
=1,25 v K
NC
=1,1 .
Thnh phn cng vic ca cng tc trt cha c bo dng mt trt => b sung vo
cng tc hoc lp nh mc mi.
Lng bng va xi mng + ct: m hiu AK.41xxx AK.42xxx.
Cng tc lng s n, mi ht, mng nc: m hiu AK.421xx.
Cng tc lng b nc, ging nc, ging cp: m hiu AK.422xx.
Cng tc lng mng cp, mng rnh: m hiu AK.423xx.

Lng mi (granit) nn sn, cu thang: m hiu AK.43xxx, cha c nh mc lng
ra (granit): c th vn dng m hiu lng mi (hoc m hiu trt ra tng
AK.271xx) c iu chnh.
Cng tc lng khng xt thng s chiu cao cng trnh cho nn phi tnh thm cng tc
vn chuyn vt liu ln cao (xem chi tit 13.24).
Chn mc va lng (50/75/100) v chiu dy lng (1,5/2/3cm) : theo thit k.
Trng hp lng to dc sn v sinh, sn mi: vn dng m hiu lng vi chiu dy
lng bng chiu dy trung bnh c iu chnh nhn cng v my thi cng (ni suy hoc
ngoi suy t nh mc lng dy 2cm v dy 3cm). VD lng dy 4cm th tng i nh mc
lng dy 2cm; lng dy 5cm th dng nh mc lng dy 2cm v nh mc lng dy 3cm.
Chiu dy ch dy nht + Chiu dy ch mng nht
Tnh chiu dy trung bnh = --------------------------------------------------------------
2
Lng c nh mu xi mng: thm 0,3kg XM (PC30) cho 1m2 nn.
Thnh phn cng vic ca cng tc lng cha c bo dng mt lng => b sung vo
cng tc hoc lp nh mc mi.
14.11. Cng tc lt:
Thnh phn cng vic: Chun b, vn chuyn vt liu trong phm vi 30m, trn va
lng va, ct gch, , lt gch, , mit mch, lau chi v sinh b mt, hon thin cng tc
lt m bo yu cu k thut.
Trng hp lt gch granite nhn to: dng m hiu AK.512xx vi KVL = 1,3.
Lt cm thch, hoa cng bc tam cp, bc cu thang: dng m hiu AK.56xxx
vi K
NC
= 1,35.
Cng tc lt dng ch yu va xi mng (i vi mt s loi vt liu c bit phi dng
keo nh gch vinyl, th gi l dn).
Chn mc va xi mng lt (50/75) v chiu dy lp va lt: theo thit k (lu so
snh vi chiu dy ngm nh trong tp nh mc iu chnh nu cn).
Thnh phn cng vic: Chun b, trt lp lt lp va xi mng, ca ct gch, trng
mch, nh bng lau chi theo ng yu cu k thut. Vn chuyn vt liu trong phm vi
30m.
p granit, cm thch, hoa cng vo ct, tr: dng m hiu AK.32xxx vi
K
NC
= 1,35. Khng thy m hiu cho p gch / bc tam cp, cu thang => tnh ton b
din tch bc tam cp, cu thang theo cng tc lt (m hiu AK.56xxx).
Cng tc p dng ch yu va xi mng (i vi mt s loi vt liu c bit phi dng
keo nh gch vinyl, gch thch anh, gch gm,).
Chn mc va xi mng p (50/75) v chiu dy lp va p: theo thit k (lu so
snh vi chiu dy ngm nh trong tp nh mc iu chnh nu cn).
p tng tnh lp va trt tng pha sau, ring p chn tng cha tnh lp va
trt tng pha sau.
14.13. Cng tc b matit:
Chn m hiu ph hp mi ng hao ph vt liu.

Lu cng tc b bng mattic (c m hiu nhm l AK.82100) c nh mc bt mattit
rt thp (0,4kg/m2), cn hiu chnh li cho ph hp vi cc loi mattit ph bin trn th
trng (t 0,8-1,2 kg/m2).
Phn thnh 2 nhm: trong nh v ngoi tri (i c chng loi vt t tng ng
thng k v p gi).
14.14. Cng tc sn:
Sn tng hp l tn chung, khi lp d ton cn c hiu l cc loi sn c th (sn
chng r, sn du,).
Sn ca: din tch tnh ton khng phi l tng din tch ph sn m l din tch mt
ng (1 mt) ca ca (bng rng x cao).
Sn cc kt cu khc: din tch tnh ton l tng din tch b mt ca cc b phn ca
kt cu cn ph sn (VD sn hng ro st, v ko st dng nhm m hiu AK.83420). Lu
l tng din tch b mt ca cc b phn ca kt cu ch khng phi l tng din tch cc
lp sn.
Sn kt cu thp cn phi c lp sn chng r (sn du ti thiu 2 nc). Lu hao
ph vt liu ca lp sn u v cc lp sn sau khng bng nhau nn khng th tnh sn 4
nc bng 2 ln sn 2 nc (xem mc VI.3 trang 56 nh mc vt t).
Trng hp va c sn chng r bn trong (v d 2 nc), va c sn du bn ngoi
(v d 3 nc) th vn dng m hiu sn 2 nc AK.83421 cho trng hp sn 5 nc, c
iu chnh tn sn tng hp ln lt thnh sn chng r v sn du, trong nc sn u
tin l sn chng r c dng 100% nh mc sn nc u, 4 nc sn cn li ch c
dng 60% so vi nh mc sn nc u.
Sn kt cu g khng dng sn lt chng r.
14.15. Cng tc lm trn:
Lm trn bng tm thch cao c khung xng cn phn bit loi khung xng chm
(AK.66xxx) v khung xng ni (cng ly AK.66xxx nhng b bng keo li, gim NC
lin kt tm trn vo khung). Loi khung xng chm gm loi trn phng v trn c git
cp.
14.16. Cng tc lm mi:
n v tnh l 100m2 ch khng phi 1m2.
Lp mi ngi: loi mi ngi thng dng hin nay l loi ngi my 22v/m2
(AK.11100).
Lp mi, che tng bng tn kim loi dng sng (trng km, m mu,): trong nh
mc gi l tn mi (AK.122xx), lu chiu di tn gm 2 loi: loi 2m v loi c chiu
di bt k. Trng hp tn un cong th nu un ti cng trng: tng chi ph nhn cng,
nu un ti ni SX: tng chi ph vt liu.
14.17. Cng tc ca:
Gia cng ca: ca g (khng c m hiu), ca st (dng nhm m hiu AI.11500,
AI.11600, AI.11700, AI.52251). Nhng loi ca khng c m hiu cho cng tc gia cng
th xy dng m hiu mi hoc n gin hn xem nh l cc vt t (a vo phn phn
tch vt t ca cng tc lp dng ca).
Lp dng ca:

Trng hp ca g c khung bao: gm lp khung bao (m hiu l AH.31111 cho
khung bao ca n v AH.31211 cho khung bao ca kp) v lp cnh ca vo khung ao (m
hiu l AH.32111). Lu khung bao v ca cc m hiu ny l bng g, u bng kim loi
th vn dng tng t.
Trng hp ca g khng c khung bao (khung bao bng gch, t trt to g,
bn l chn tng) dng m hiu AH.32211.
Lu phi b sung cnh ca v khung bao (nu c) vo phn phn tch vt t; k
c kha, bn l, ci ch, cc chn ca, ... nu nh mun xem chng nh nhng vt t
ring (p gi ring cho tng mn).
n v tnh ca khung bao l md, n v tnh ca ca l m2.
Lp dng ca st, ca khung st, khung nhm: dng nhm m hiu AI.63100,
AI.65451.
Cng tc lm mc trang tr (vch ngn, lambris, mt sn, tay vn, bng g): dng
nhm m hiu AK.70000.

14.18. Cng tc lan can:
Gia cng (ch to) lan can st: dng m hiu AI.11421 , n v tnh: tn.
Lp dng lan can st: dng m hiu AI.63211 , n v tnh: m2.
Sn xut v lp dng lan can g cho cu thang c th vn dng m hiu AH.21211
(lan can g ca cu giao thng), n v tnh: m3.
Lu tay vn g ca lan can: gia cng v lp dng dng nhm m hiu AK.722xx.
14.19. Cng tc chng thm:
Cng tc qut flinkote chng thm mi, s n, vng, sn v sinh : dng m hiu
AK.92111. S lp qui nh trong nh mc l 3 lp.
Cng tc qut bitum, dn giy du : dng nhm m hiu AK.94000.
14.20. Cng tc lp t in:
Cng tc ko ri dy in ph thuc tit din dy dn (m hiu BA.16xxx), trng hp
tit din dy theo thit k khng trng vi cc tit din trong nh mc th ni suy.
Khi lp iu ho 2 cc k n cng khoan l lun ng qua tng. Khi lp iu ho
1 cc cha k n cng c l trn tng.
Trng hp ng lun dy in t chm k c cng c rnh, chn trt hon chnh.
Lp t ngt in t ng (CB - Circuit Breaker) c th vn dng m hiu ca
Automat (BA.19200, BA.19300).
Lp t in vo tng c th vn dng m hiu cng tc lp bng g vo tng
BA.17xxx.
Cng tc gia cng kim thu st ch dng cho loi kim c in (loi th ng).
14.21. Cng tc lp t nc:
nh mc d ton cho cng tc lp t h thng cc loi ng ng v ph tng ng
dng cho mng ngoi cng trnh.
ng knh ng v ph tng trong nh mc ny l ng knh trong.

Mt s cp ng knh trong v ng knh ngoi tng ng theo qui c (mm):
15x21 - 20x27 25x34 32x42 40x49 50x60 60x76 76x90 100x114 125x140 -
150x168 200x220 250x280
nh mc tnh cho cao 1,5m v su 1,2m so vi mt t. Trng hp lp t
cao hn 1,5m hoc su hn 1,2m th nhn thm h s (bng 1 v bng 2 trong tp nh mc)
cho nhn cng v my thi cng.
Nu lp t cc loi ng v ph tng ng trong cng trnh (trong nh), th c p
dng nh mc lp t ng v ph tng ng ca h thng ngoi cng trnh c cng iu kin
v bin php thi cng, ngoi ra nh mc nhn cng cn c iu chnh theo h s sau:
+ cao t tng th 2 n tng th 5:
- i vi lp t ng b tng, ng gang ming bt, ng nha, ng thp cc loi...
nh mc nhn cng c nhn vi h s 1,1.
- Ring i vi lp t ng gang ni bng phng php mt bch th nh mc
nhn cng nhn vi h s 0,6.
+ cao t tng th 6 tr ln: c mi tng c iu chnh h s bng 1,05 so vi
nh mc nhn cng ca tng lin k.
Khi lp t ng ng c nhiu ph tng hay nhiu on cong un khc (10 ph
tng/100m) th nh mc nhn cng lp t ng c nhn vi h s bng 1,25.
Cng tc o p mng, lp mng, p dng theo nh mc d ton xy dng
(cc m hiu AB.116xx, AB.1312x, AB.13412 nu o p bng th cng).
Cng tc tho d ng: nh mc nhn cng v my thi cng c nhn vi h s bng
0,6 nh mc lp t tng ng.
Nu chiu di ca ng khc vi chiu di qui nh trong tp nh mc th nh mc vt
liu ph, nhn cng v my thi cng c nhn cc h s (bng 5 cho vt liu ph, bng 6
cho NC v MTC).
Lp t ng nha cn lu chng loi ng v phng php ni:
- ng nha ming bt ni bng phng php dn keo
- ng nha PVC ming bt ni bng phng php ni giong
- ng nha ni bng phng php hn (ng PPR)
- ng nha ni bng phng php mng sng
- ng nha gn xon HDPE 1 lp c u ni gai
- ng nha gn xon HDPE 2 lp ni mng keo
- ng nha nhm ni bng phng php mng sng
Lp t ph tng ng ng:
- Nu lp vi, bt u ng th hao ph VLP, NC v MTC c tnh bng h s
0,5 ln hao ph VLP nhn cng, my thi cng ca nh mc lp t ct c ng knh tng
ng.
- Nu lp t th hao ph VLP, NC v MTC c tnh bng h s 1,5 ln hao ph
VLP, nhn cng, my thi cng ca nh mc lp t ct c ng knh tng ng.
- Nu lp ch thp th hao ph VLP, NC v MTC c tnh bng h s 2 ln hao
ph VLP, nhn cng, my thi cng ca nh mc lp t ct c ng knh tng ng.
- Khi lp t cc loi ph tng c ng knh khc vi kch thc quy nh
trong bng nh mc ny th ly nh mc VLP dng lp t, NC v MTC ca ph tng
cn lp c ng knh tng ng tnh ni suy

14.22. Cng tc dn gio phc v thi cng:
Cng tc dn gio phc v thi cng bao gm vic lp dng dn gio v tho d n khi
hon thnh cng vic. Xem nhm m hiu AL.60000.
- Cng tc dn gio phc v thi cng c nh mc cho dn gio ngoi v trong
cng trnh.
- Chiu cao dn gio trong nh mc l chiu cao tnh t ct mt nn, sn hin ti ca
cng trnh (ch khng phi tnh t ct 0,00) n cao ln nht bo m iu kin
thun li cho vic thi cng kt cu.
- Dn gio ngoi tnh theo din tch hnh chiu ng ca mt ngoi kt cu. Dn gio
ngoi ph thuc chiu cao cng trnh (tnh t mt nn sn n im cao nht ca kt cu).
Lu nu chiu cao l 12m th p dng m hiu AL.61110 (cao 16m); nu chiu cao l
30m th p dng m hiu AL.61120 (cao 50m); nu chiu cao l 60m th p dng m hiu
AL.61130 (cao > 50m).
- Dn gio trong tnh theo din tch hnh chiu bng v ch c s dng khi thc hin
cc cng tc c chiu cao >3,6m. Chiu cao dn gio tnh t mt nn sn trong nh n
chiu cao 3,6m lm lp chun gc (m hiu AL.61210). Sau c mi khong tng chiu
cao 1,2m tnh thm mt lp (m hiu AL.61220), trng hp khong tng cui cng cha
0,6m th khng tnh.
- Din tch dn gio hon thin tr, ct c lp tnh bng chiu di chu vi mt ct ct,
tr cng vi 3,6m nhn vi chiu cao ct. VD ct c chiu cao H, tit din ch nht AxB th
din tch dn gio hon thin ct l [2(A+B) + 3,6]H.
- Thi gian s dng dn gio trong nh mc bnh qun trong khong thi gian 1
thng, c ko di thi gian s dng thm 1 thng th tnh thm 1 ln hao ph vt liu, khng
tng thm hao ph nhn cng v my thi cng.
- nh mc cc hao ph cho cng tc bo v an ton (nh li vng an ton ...) v che
chn bo m v sinh mi trng trong qu trnh thi cng (nu c) c tnh ring.
Lu : mi cu kin hoc b phn cng trnh ch thc hin cng tc dn gio 1 ln,
VD i vi cu kin tng cng tc dn gio ch tnh 1 ln nhng phc v cho tt c cc
cng vic lin quan n cu kin (nh trt, b mastic, sn nc,).
14.23. Cng tc vn chuyn ln cao:
Hng dn p dng:
nh mc vn chuyn vt liu ln cao p dng i vi cc nhm chiu cao cng trnh
>4m v ch nhng loi cng vic c nh mc m khng quy nh cao, nh cng
tc trt, BT dm, sn, cu thang (nhng cng tc BT tng, ct th c quy nh
cao!), b mastic, sn nc,.
Bc xp, vn chuyn ln cao c tnh (cho tt c cc loi vt liu thuc cc cng tc
ny) bng cch cng nh mc bc xp bng th cng v vn chuyn ln cao bng thang
my.
Thnh phn cng vic:
Chun b, bc xp vt liu, vn chuyn vt liu t di mt t ln cc tng sn bng
vn thng lng ln mi cao.
Xem nhm m hiu AL.70000, lu n gi vn chuyn ln cao ny khng ph thuc
vo cao cn vn chuyn (ngha l chi ph vn chuyn s ging nhau i vi tng loi
VL).

Cng tc ny a vo phn cui ca bng tin lng sau khi tng hp VL ca cc
cng vic cn vn chuyn ln cao. Nh vy trong qu trnh tnh khi lng cn nh du
cc cng vic c yu cu vn chuyn VL ln cao d dng thng k khi lng VL s vn
chuyn ln cao.
Cch xc nh khi lng VL s vn chuyn ln cao: lp d ton mi t d ton ang
lm, trong :
- Loi b cc cng vic thi cng phn ngm v tng trt (cc VL s khng vn
chuyn ln cao).
- Cc cng vic thi cng cao >4m (t tng 2 tr ln): ch gi li cc cng vic
khng quy nh cao, loi b cc cng vic c quy nh cao (v nh mc cc cng vic
ny bao gm vic vn chuyn VL ln cao).
=> Khi lng VL cn vn chuyn ln cao ly t Bng tng hp vt t.

15. LU LP D TON BNG TH CNG

Trng hp cn ni suy tuyn tnh cc nh mc chi ph (chi ph lp bo co u t, d n
u t, bo co kinh t k thut; chi ph thit k XDCT; chi ph qun l d n; l ph thm
nh,) th p dng theo cng thc:

Trong :
- Nt : nh mc chi ph cn tnh;
- Ct : Chi ph XD / chi ph thit b (hoc tng mc u t) cn tnh nh mc chi ph ;
- Ca : Gi tr cn trn ca chi ph xy dng / chi ph thit b (hoc tng mc u t);
- Cb : Gi tr cn di ca chi ph xy dng / chi ph thit b (hoc tng mc u t);
- Na : nh mc chi ph tng ng vi Ca;
- Nb : nh mc chi ph tng ng vi Cb.
Lu : cng thc trn xut pht th iu kin thng hng ca 3 im: A(x
A
, y
A
), B(x
B
, y
B
), C(x
C
, y
C
):

Khi bit 5 trong s 6 gi tr trn th s tnh c gi tr th 6.

16. LP D TON VI S TR GIP CA CC PHN MM MY TNH

Cng vic lp d ton nh va nu c khi lng tnh ton kh ln i vi nhng
cng trnh c gi tr ln (hn 600 m hiu cng vic khc nhau ). gim bt s nng
nhc, my vi tnh c th tr gip kh nhiu cho con ngi trong tnh ton. y nhn
mnh l tr gip ch khng phi thay th hon ton cho con ngi trong vic tnh ton.
Thc cht cng on kh nht trong tnh d ton l tnh ton ra khi lng cc cng vic
xy lp t cc bn v kin trc v kt cu. Cng vic ny my vi tnh khng th lm thay
con ngi c, ngoi tr mt s chng trnh c bit c lp ra thc hin t khu
thit k n khu tnh ra d ton cng trnh, cc chng trnh ny c kh nhiu ngi
tham gia thit k v phi mt kh nhiu thi gian hon chnh nn rt mc tin.

16.1. Trnh t chung khi lp d ton bng phn mm:
Bc 1: Nghin cu h s thit k ca cng trnh (gm bn v, thuyt minh k thut)
- Nghin cu thuyt minh k thut xc nh bin php thi cng (nu c ch nh
c th), cc thng s k thut ca vt t, thit b dng cho cng trnh.
- Nghin cu bn v hiu c chi tit cu to ca cng trnh, lm c s cho vic
tnh ton khi lng v lit k cc cng vic theo qui nh ca nh nc (theo tp nh mc
hoc tp n gi).
Bc 2: Nhp cc thng tin ban u ca cng trnh:
- Tn cng trnh
- Tn hng mc
- a im
- Ch u t
- n v thit k (lp d ton)
Bc 3: Chn phng php lp d ton:
- PP1: dng b n gi d ton ca cc a phng cng b: chn b n gi ti a
phng xy dng cng trnh, xc nh cc h s KNC, KMTC.
- PP2: p gi trc tip: chng trnh t tnh gi VL, NC, MTC theo gi thc t trn
c s nh mc k thut ca Nh nc.
Bc 4: Nhp cc ty chn mc nh cho phn mm:
- Tnh cho XM PC30 hay PC40.
- Phn tch vt liu cp phi ra chi tit (XM, ct, ,) hay tnh theo th tch va.
- Loi v cp cng trnh.
- iu kin thit k: 3 bc, 2 bc hay 1 bc.
- Vt liu khc, my thi cng khc tnh theo vt liu chnh, my thi cng chnh hay
tnh thnh tin.
- di d kin thc hin d n (tnh theo thng) v phn b vn u t theo thi
gian.
- V.v...
Bc 5: Lit k cc cng vic
Bc 6: Chn m hiu cho cc cng vic lit k (nhng cng vic khng tm thy
m hiu th vn dng m hiu tng t (c hoc khng c iu chnh VL/NC/MTC) hoc
lp nh mc mi).
- Nu dng PP1: Chn m hiu trn c s b n gi d ton.
- Nu dng PP2: Chn m hiu trn c s b nh mc d ton.
Bc 7: Tnh ton khi lng cho tng cng vic lit k
Bc 8: Nhp m hiu v khi lng ca tng cng vic vo bng tnh chi ph trc
tip, iu chnh tn cng vic (ng vi m hiu nhp) cho ph hp vi cng trnh, nhp
cc din gii chi tit.
Sau khi nhp xong cc d liu vo bng tnh chi ph trc tip th ta c c:
- Bng phn tch vt t (nhn cng, my thi cng);
- Bng tng hp vt t.
Trng hp mt cng vic cn iu chnh n gi vt t, nhn cng, my thi cng
bng cc h s th cn lu :
- Khng nn iu chnh trc tip trong bng tnh chi ph trc tip (vic iu chnh trc
tip n gi vt t s khng c ngha g v vic iu chnh trc tip n gi NC, TC

khng lm thay i ng b nh mc nhn cng, my thi cng) m iu chnh khi lng
nh mc vt t, NC, MTC trong bng phn tch nh mc ca cng vic .
Bc 9: Nhp n gi thc t ca cc vt t (t Thng bo gi ca Nh nc hoc cc
bo gi trn th trng). T ta c c bng gi tr vt t thc t ca cng trnh.
Bc 10: Chng trnh s xc nh cc loi chi ph trong chi ph xy dng:
- Thu VAT
- Chi ph chung
- Li nhun nh mc
- Chi ph xy dng nh tm v iu hnh thi cng
Bc 11: Nhp cc khon mc ca chi ph thit b (mua sm, lp t, chuyn giao)
vo bng tng hp chi ph thit b. Chng trnh s tnh c chi ph thit b ca cng trnh.
Bc 12: Phi hp vi chng trnh xc nh cc khon mc chi ph cn li trong
d ton:
- Chi ph qun l d n
- Cc chi ph t vn u t
- Cc chi ph khc
- Chi ph d phng
Cui cng chng trnh tnh tng cc chi ph trn => gi tr d ton ca cng trnh.
16.2. Mt s phn mm d ton:
1. Phn mm D ton Deluxe DTD ca tc gi Lng Vn Cnh, chi tit xem
website www.du-toan.com
2. Phn mm ca Cty Hi Ha
3. Phn mm ca Vin Kinh t (ACITT), chi tit xem website www.acitt.com
4. Phn mm Hitosoft ca tc gi L Ngc Hin, S XD Kin Giang, chi tit xem
website www.dutoanxd.com
5. Phn mm dtPro ca tc gi Nguyn Chin Thng, G Cty TNHH T vn Xy
dng D ton, chi tit xem website www.dutoan.com.
6. Phn mm GXD ca Cty gi xy dng, chi tit xem website http://giaxaydung.vn
7. Mt s phn mm gii thiu trong a CD (BidSoft, Escon, G8, v.v)
16.3. Mt s tiu ch chn mua phn mm d ton:
1. Gi thnh c ph hp vi mc ch s dng ca bn khng?
2. tin cy ca d liu c cao khng? (cc d liu u vo: nh mc, n gi, cc
h s, v cc d liu u ra: cc chi ph trc tip, tng hp vt t, phn tch vt t, tng
hp kinh ph, c b li hoc sai st nhiu khng).
3. C th dng lp quyt ton hoc thm tra d ton c khng?
4. C th lp d ton c cho nhiu lnh vc chuyn mn (XD dn dng, cng
nghip, giao thng, thy li, xy lp in, bu chnh vin thng, h tng k thut, san lp
mt bng, cc loi cng tc kho st, th nghim, kim nh, qun l dch v th, lp t
thit b cng ngh, cc cng trnh hi o,) hay khng? (tnh a nng ca chng
trnh).
5. C th gip xy dng m hiu mi v n gi mi cho cc cng tc cha c trong
cc b nh mc cng b hay khng?Tiu ch ny thng c cc chuyn gia d ton
quan tm.

6. C tnh nng lp hoc chuyn sang d ton u thu khng? (tiu ch ny rt hu
ch cho cc n v thi cng).
7. Dng c cho bao nhiu a phng? (cc a phng khc nhau b n gi d
ton v yu cu trnh by: c tnh b gi hay khng tnh b gi vt liu).
8. C cho php s dng phng php p gi trc tip lp d ton m khng cn
dng n bt c b n gi d ton ca a phng no hay khng?
9. C nhiu la chn (option) khi lp d ton khng? (nh la chn mc XM: PC30
hay PC40; la chn hnh thc phn tch vt liu cp phi: ra va hay ra xi mng, ct, ; la
chn st ca va BT: 2-4cm hay 6-8cm hay 14-17cm;...).
10. C tnh c chi ph d phng do yu t trt gi khng?
11. C h tr cho vic xc nh khi lng cc vt t tnh bc xp v vn chuyn
ln cao hay khng?
12. C cho php xut d liu sang phn mm MS-Excel hay khng? iu ny l ht
sc cn thit khi n v thm tra, kim ton khng s dng cng mt phn mm tnh d
ton vi n v thit k.
13. C cho php chnh sa kho d liu u vo v u ra hay khng? (khi d liu
u vo b sai, b nhm hay khi d liu u ra b sai hoc khi nh nc thay i mt vi qui
nh, mt vi thng s v cc loi chi ph ca d ton,...).
14. Ch hu mi (bo hnh, bo tr, nng cp) c r rng v tt hay khng?
15. C dng c cho h iu hnh m bn ang s dng khng? Chng trnh chy
c n nh khng? i hi cu hnh phn cng c cao qu khng?
16. Chng trnh ci t c n gin khng? S dng c d dng khng? (Ngi s
dng phi c trnh hoc chuyn mn cao mi dng c? Giao din c thn thin khng?
Chnh sa (xa / chn / ct / dn) c d dng v tng t vi cc phn mm ph bin khc
khng? C cho php thc hin li li cc bc trc (undo) khng? C cho php tra cu cc
qui nh cng nh cc ghi ch trong b nh mc hay khng?)
17. Kch thc file d liu l ln hay nh? Vic thc hin tnh ton, chuyn i d
liu l nhanh hay chm?
...
17. S DNG PHN MM G8 LP D TON
Xem hng dn trn lp.
18. BI TP
Bi tp 1:
Tnh d ton xy lp cho mng b tng ct thp (k c phn c ct) trn nn gia c c
trm theo bn v kt cu & cc d liu nh sau:
- t cp 3
- Ct 0.00 cao hn mt t t nhin 0,4m
- Xi mng, ct thp do Vit nam sn xut
- C trm lai tt nht
Hc vin c th gi nh thm cc thng s cn thit trong khi tnh d tan.

Bi tp 2:
Tnh d ton cho mt nn sn ca mt nh xng vi cc chi tit v d liu nh sau:
- t cp 3
- Ct 0.00 cao hn mt t t nhin 0,3m
Hc vin c th gi nh thm cc thng s cn thit trong khi tnh d tan.

Du Toan Cong Trinh

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Du Toan Cong Trinh

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Lp v qun l d ton cng trnh xy dng 27/09/2012

Nguyn Thanh T Trang 1

c lt 24961,537 5,00 124.807,69

dm 1x2 m3 58,947 120.000,00 7.073.640,00

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