EXPERIMENT 1: PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AND MEASUREMENT

OBJECTIVE
1. To expose students to use measurement equipment and right measurement techniques.
2. To obtain derived quantities from base quantities.
INFERENCES
1. Base quantities are the quantities that cannot be defined in terms of the other quantities.
2. Derived quantities are physical quantities derived from base quantities through
multiplication, division or both.
HYPOTHESIS
1. To measure physical quantities precisely.
2. To compare the different between base and derived quantities.
EXPERIMENT 1a
APPARATUS
1. Wooden Block -1
2. Ruler -1
3. Vernier Caliper -1
4. Beam Balance/Electronic Balance -1





PROCEDURES
1. Measure the dimension of the wooden block by using ruler and Vernier Caliper.
2. Weight the mass of the wooden block by using Beam Balance/Electronic Balance.
3. Record all the data in the Table 1a.
4. Calculate density by using formula;



DATA
Table 1a
DIMENSION READING
Ruler Vernier Caliper
ZERO ERROR
Height, h mm
m
mm
m
Width, w mm
m
mm
m
Length, l mm
m
mm
m
Mass, m g
kg
Volume, V mm
3
m
3

mm
3
m
3

Density, p =



EXPERIMENT 1b
APPARATUS
1. COIN 20 CENT
2. MICROMETER SCREW GAUGE




PROCEDURES
1. Measure the dimension of the coin 20 cent by using Micrometer Screw Gauge.
2. Record all data in Table 1b.
* Note: Use the formula below to get the volume of the glass rod.




DATA
Table 1b
MICROMETER SCREW GAUGE
ZERO ERROR : mm
READINGS Average Actual value = average-zero
error
1 2 3
Diameter, d mm
m
Thickness, l mm
m
Volume, mm
3
m
3


ANALYSIS
From the experiments, we have found that the reading of the Vernier Caliper is different when we
compared with the reading of the ruler. This is because, the Vanier Caliper is enables to detect a very
accurate reading the ruler. In this experiment, we also found that no zero errors when carried out
the experiment.

QUESTION
1. State the precautionary steps to avoid errors in the experiment.
2. From the experiment 1(a), is there any difference between using ruler and Vernier Caliper?
Give your reason.
3. What do you understand with consistency and accuracy from experiment 1(b)?
ANSWER
1. Avoid the parallax error by placing the eye such that the line of view is perpendicular to the
scale of the measurement equipment.
2. Yes. Because Vanier Caliper is enables to detect a very accucate readings than ruler.
3. Consistency is the state of being consistence and the thickness or viscosity of a substance.
Accuracy is the capable of or successful in reaching the intended target.
CONCLUSION
From the experiments, we have found that the experiments about the physical quantities and
measurement was successful done according to the procedures.
The objective of experiments was achieved to obtain derived quantities from base quantities.
From the result, we have found that the Vernier Caliper readings are more accurate than the ruler.
As the conclusion, the hypothesis is accepted. Based quantities and derived quantities can be
differentiated.