KATA PENGANTAR

ABSTRAK

iv

DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR.................................................................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................................................ iv
DAFTAR ISI............................................................................................................................................... v
DAFTAR GAMBAR................................................................................................................................. viii
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................................................................ x
DAFTAR GRAFIK...................................................................................................................................... xi
BAB 1. PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1

Latar Belakang Masalah ................................................................................................... 1

1.2

Rumusan Masalah............................................................................................................ 2

1.3

Batasan Masalah .............................................................................................................. 2

1.4

Tujuan Pembuatan Tugas Akhir ....................................................................................... 2

1.5

Manfaat Pembuatan Tugas Akhir .................................................................................... 2

1.6

Teknik Pengumpulan Data ............................................................................................... 3

1.7

Sistematika Penulisan ...................................................................................................... 3

BAB 2. LANDASAN TEORI ....................................................................................................................... 5

2.1

Sel Surya........................................................................................................................... 5

2.1.1 Pengertian Sel Surya ........................................................................................................ 5

2.1.2 Proses Konversi ................................................................................................................ 5
2.1.3 Prinsip Kerja Sel Surya.................................................................................................... 10
2.1.4 Karakteristik Sel Surya ................................................................................................... 13
2.1.5 Daya Sel Surya................................................................................................................ 19
2.1.6 Jenis Jenis Sel Surya .................................................................................................... 19
2.2

Baterai (Accumulator) .................................................................................................... 23

2.2.1 Metode Pengisian Baterai.............................................................................................. 24

2.2.2 Ketentuan Pemilihan Baterai ......................................................................................... 25
2.3

Charge Control / Regulator ............................................................................................ 30

v

2.4

Komponen Elektronika .................................................................................................. 31

2.4.1 Dioda .............................................................................................................................. 31

2.4.2 Resistor .......................................................................................................................... 32
2.4.3 Transistor ....................................................................................................................... 35
2.4.4 Lampu LED ..................................................................................................................... 36
2.4.5 Relay............................................................................................................................... 38
2.5

Mikrokontroller.............................................................................................................. 40

2.5.1 Deskripsi Mikrokontroller AT89C2051 ........................................................................... 40

2.5.2 Fasilitas Mikrokontroller AT89C2051............................................................................. 40
2.5.3 Deskripsi Pin AT89C2051 ............................................................................................... 40
2.5.4 Prinsip Kerja Mikrokontroller AT89C2051 ..................................................................... 42
2.5.5 ADC 0804 ....................................................................................................................... 44
BAB 3.

PERANCANGAN PENGISIAN BATERAI DAN KOMPONEN LAINNYA PADA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK

TENAGA SURYA ........................................................................................................................ 44
3.1

Perancangan Sistem....................................................................................................... 44

3.1.1 Block Diagram ................................................................................................................ 44

3.1.2 Perancangan Rangkaian Kendali Sistem Konversi dan Penyimpanan Energi ................ 44
3.2

Perancangan Perangkat Lunak Sistem Kendali .............................................................. 44

3.3

Perancangan Alat ........................................................................................................... 44

3.3.1 Prinsip Kerja PLTS........................................................................................................... 44

3.3.2 Pemilihan Komponen..................................................................................................... 44
3.3.3 Persiapan Alat dan Bahan .............................................................................................. 44
BAB 4. PENGUJIAN DAN ANALISA DATA .............................................................................................. 44
4.1

Perancangan Sistem....................................................................................................... 44

4.1.1 Memilih Rangkaian ........................................................................................................ 44

4.1.2 Merancang PCB .............................................................................................................. 44
4.1.3 Membersihkan PCB........................................................................................................ 44
4.1.4 Menyolder PCB .............................................................................................................. 45
vi

4.1.5 Menguji Rangkaian ........................................................................................................ 45

4.2

Pengujian dan Pengolahan Data .................................................................................... 45

4.2.1 Uji Pengisian Baterai ...................................................................................................... 45

4.2.2 Analisa Data Baterai ....................................................................................................... 45
BAB 5. SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................................................................ 45
5.1

Simpulan ........................................................................................................................ 45

5.2

Saran .............................................................................................................................. 45

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................................................. 45

vii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

viii

DAFTAR TABEL

DAFTAR GRAFIK

xi

BAB 1.
1.1

PENDAHULUAN
Latar Belakang Masalah

1.2

Rumusan Masalah

1.3

Batasan Masalah

1.4

Tujuan Pembuatan Tugas Akhir

1.5

Manfaat Pembuatan Tugas Akhir

1.6

Teknik Pengumpulan Data

1.7

Sistematika Penulisan

BAB 2. LANDASAN TEORI

2.1

Sel Surya

2.1.1 Pengertian Sel Surya

2.1.2 Proses Konversi

2.1.3 Prinsip Kerja Sel Surya

10

2.1.4 Karakteristik Sel Surya

13

2.1.5 Daya Sel Surya

2.1.6 Jenis Jenis Sel Surya

19

2.2

Baterai (Accumulator)

23

2.2.1 Metode Pengisian Baterai

24

2.2.2 Ketentuan Pemilihan Baterai

25

2.3

Charge Control / Regulator

30

2.4

Komponen Elektronika

2.4.1 Dioda

31

2.4.2 Resistor

32

2.4.3 Transistor

35

2.4.4 Lampu LED

36

2.4.5 Relay

38

2.5

Mikrokontroller

2.5.1 Deskripsi Mikrokontroller AT89C2051

2.5.2 Fasilitas Mikrokontroller AT89C2051
2.5.3 Deskripsi Pin AT89C2051

40

2.5.4 Prinsip Kerja Mikrokontroller AT89C2051

42

2.5.5 ADC 0804

BAB 3. PERANCANGAN PENGISIAN BATERAI DAN
KOMPONEN LAINNYA PADA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK
TENAGA SURYA
3.1

Perancangan Sistem

3.1.1 Block Diagram

3.1.2 Perancangan Rangkaian Kendali Sistem Konversi
dan Penyimpanan Energi
3.2

Perancangan Perangkat Lunak Sistem Kendali

3.3

Perancangan Alat

3.3.1 Prinsip Kerja PLTS

3.3.2 Pemilihan Komponen
3.3.3 Persiapan Alat dan Bahan
BAB 4. PENGUJIAN DAN ANALISA DATA
4.1

Perancangan Sistem

4.1.1 Memilih Rangkaian

4.1.2 Merancang PCB
4.1.3 Membersihkan PCB
44

4.1.4 Menyolder PCB

4.1.5 Menguji Rangkaian
4.2

Pengujian dan Pengolahan Data

4.2.1

Uji Pengisian Baterai

4.2.2

Analisa Data Baterai

BAB 5. SIMPULAN DAN SARAN

5.1

Simpulan

5.2

Saran

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

45