Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ti:
CHUA
GVHD: Nguyn Th Tho Minh
SVTH: Th 4_Nhm 01_Tit 123
1. Nguyn Th Minh Nht
(2005100013)
2. Dng Th Huyn Trang
(2005100099)
3. Phan M Ngc Dung
(2005100147)
TPHCM,06-2013
TPHCM,5-2013
2
MC LC
C chua
C chua
qu vng, cam, hng, tm, xanh l cy, en hoc mu trng, c bit c loi
c chua nhiu mu v c sc.
Khong 150 triu tn c chua c sn xut ra trn th gii trong nm
2009. Trung Quc l nc sn xut c chua ln nht, chim khong mt
phn t sn lng ton cu, tip theo l Hoa K v n . Cc khu vc ch
bin ti California chim 90% lng sn xut M v 35% lng sn xut
th gii. Theo FAOSTAT, cc quc gia sn xut c chua nhiu nht th gii
nm 2009 l :
Sn lng c chua 2009
(s lng: tn)
Trung Quc
45.365.543
Hoa K
14.141.900
n
11.148.800
Th Nh K
10.745.600
Ai Cp
10.000.000
Tng ton cu
152.956.115
b. Vit Nam
Vit Nam, cy c chua c xp vo cc loi rau c gi tr kinh t cao,
din tch trng c chua ln n chc ngn ha, tp trung ch yu ng bng
v trung du pha Bc.
Hin nay c mt s ging chu nhit mi lai to chn lc c th trng ti
min Trung, Ty Nguyn v Nam B nn din tch ngy cng c m rng.
Nhiu ging c chua lai ghp cht lng tt c pht trin mnh Lt,
Lm ng. Mt s ging c chua cht lng c xut khu ra th trng
th gii.
Theo thng k, Lm ng hin l a phng c din tch, nng sut v
sn lng c chua ln nht c nc vi khong t 4000 n 5000 ha gieo
trng hng nm. n Dng l ni c din tch trng c chua ln nht tnh
C chua
C chua
C chua
C chua
10
+ Dng bc v
S dng nguyn liu c chua chn u, v khng cn m xanh. ng
knh qu 3-6cm. Qu ti tt khng b dp nt.S au khi c la chn c
phn loi, phn c ri tip tc ch bin.
C chua nguyn qu khng bc v
C chua sau khi ra em xp vo hp st hay l thu
tinh. Qu trong hp phi ng u v kch thc v mu
sc.Cn sp cht nhng khng nn cht qu. Sau rt
nc mui nng c nng 2-3% hay pure c chua
100% vo hp xp c chua ri ghp np trn my
ghp c ht chn khng bo v vitamin C ca hp. Sau thanh trng.
C chua nguyn qu bc v
Sau khi ra xong hp c chua trong 10-20 giy cho protopectin biu
b chuyn thnh pectin ho tan v v qu d dng tch khi tht qu trong
khi bc v. qu khi nhng nt, qu hp xong c lm ngui tc thi
bng nc l sch. Sau loi b nhng qu b v nt. Cn xp nhng qu
nguyn vn vo bao b, rt pure c chua nng 95-980C vo y hp. Ghp
np, thanh trng nh hp c chua khng bc v.
C chua c c
C chua c c c s dng nh mt bn ch phm.
Dng sn xut mt s dng hp rau qu, tht, c v
dng nu cc mn n trong gia nh. Sn xut c chua
c c bng cch c c tht qu. Sau khi loi b v, ht v
nghin nh. C chua c c thng c phn loi theo
kh thnh phm.
hp xt c chua
C chua
11
C chua c c:
12
13
14
TN PH GIA THC
PHM
Acid citric
Natri dihydro xitrat
Trinatri xitrat
Kali dihydro xitrat
Trikali xitrat
Canxi xitrat
Cacbon dioxit
Acid sorbic
Natri sorbat
Kali sorbat
Calci sorbat
Acid benzoic
C chua
MC TI A
(mg/kg)
GMP
15
Natri benzoat
Kali benzoat
Calci benzoat
Sulphua dioxid
Natri sulfit
Natri hydro sulfit
Natri metabisulfit
Kali metabisulfit
Kali sulfit
Calci hydro sulfit
Kali bisulfit
Natri thiosulphat
Acid malic
Natri hydro DL-malat
Natri DL-malat
Kali hydro malat
Kali malat
Calci malat
Axit L- Ascocbic
Natri ascorbat
Calci ascorbat
Kali ascorbat
Acid citric
Acid tartric
Mononatri tartrat
Dinatri tartrat
Monokali tartrat
Dikali tactrat
Kali natri tartrat
Pectin
Acid orthophosphoric
Mononatri orthophosphat
Dinatri orthophosphate
Trinatri orthophosphat
Monokali orthophosphat
Dikali orthophosphate
Trikali orthophosphat
Monocalci orthophosphat
Dicalci orthophosphat
C chua
1000
50
GMP
330
4000
4000
GMP
1000
16
341(iii)
342(i)
Tricalci orthophosphat
Amonium dihydrogen
342(ii)
343(i)
phosphat
Diamino hydro phosphat
Mono magnesi
343(ii)
343(iii)
450(i)
450(ii)
450(iii)
450(v)
450(vi)
450(vii)
451(i)
451(ii)
452(i)
452(ii)
452(iii)
452(iv)
452(v)
542
950
952(i)
952(ii)
952(iv)
954(i)
954(ii)
954(iii)
954(iv)
955
orthophosphat
Magesi hydro phosphat
Trimagnesi orthophosphat
Dinatri diphosphat
Trinatri diphosphat
Tetranatri diphosphat
Tetrakali diphosphat
Dicalci diphosphat
Calci dihydro diphosphat
Pentanatri triphosphat
Pentakali triphosphat
Natri polyphosphat
Kali polyphosphat
Natri calci polyphosphat
Calci polyphosphat
Amoni polyphosphat
Bone phosphat
Acesulfam kali
Acid cyclamic
Calci cyclamat
Natri cyclamat
Saccharin
Calci saccharin
Kali saccharin
Natri saccharin
sucralose
1000
350
400
80
300
ML (mg/kg)
350
GMP
17
Aspartame
BENZOATES
Calcium ascorbate
Carbon dioxide
Citric acid
CYCLAMATES
Malic acid
Neotame
Pectins
PHOSPHATES
Potassium ascorbate
SACCHARINS
Sodium ascorbate
SORBATES
SUCRALOSE
SULFITES
TARTRATES
600
600
GMP
GMP
5000
400
GMP
65
GMP
1000
GMP
80
GMP
1000
300
50
4000
Mt s gia v:
a) ng:
ng l hn hp hydro, oxy v cacbon cc phn t
ng glucose v fructose kt hp vi nhau to thnh
ng 68% ng ly t ma cn li t c ci ng.
ng saccharose l mt loi dissaccaride cu to t
glucose v fructose lin kt vi nhau nh 2 nhm OH
glucozit ca chng, khng c tnh kh.
Mi v : ngt, khng c mi v l.
Mu sc: tinh th ng c mu ng nh, v khi pha trong nc ct cho
dung dch c mu trong sut.
V ng c v ngt nn lm du v mn ca mui tinh.
Yu cu ng trong ch bin theo TCVN- 6859:
- Ht c tinh th mu trng
- Kch thc tng i ng u
- Tinh th ng c v ngt, khng c v l
Cng dng:
C chua
18
Mi v
Yu cu
Dng tinh th tng i u, khng
vn
Tinh th cng nh dung dch ng
trong nc ct c v ngt, khng c
mi v l
Tt c tinh th u trng ng nh.
Mu sc
Nguyn liu
ng bao b ln
ng bao b nh
Ghp np - bao gi
Ghp np
C chua
Thnh phm
Thanh trng
Thnh phm
19
20
C chua
21
22
C chua
23
c: c chua cng mn, nht cng thp v thi gian c c cng ngn.
Cch tin hnh:
C chua sau khi c un nng s c chuyn vo my ch cnh p
c ch nh.
Li ch v cnh ch cn ch to bng thp khng g, nu ch to bng
ng th s tn tht nhiu vitamin C trong sn phm. Mc mn ca c
chua sau khi ch nh hng nhiu n qu trnh c c: c chua cng mn th
nht cng thp v thi gian c c cng ngn. tng mn, tng hiu
sut ch v tng nng sut my ch, c th dng b my ch, t lin tip
nhau.
.Ch tiu cn kim sot: Mc mn ca c chua.
C c
Mc ch:
- Tng nng cht kh trong sn phm ti nng yu cu (lm tng
st c trng cho sn phm), lm tng sinh nng lng ca thc phm.
- Ko di thi gian bo qun (v hn ch vi sinh vt pht trin do t nc,
p sut thm thu cao).
- Gim c khi lng vn chuyn.
Cch tin hnh:
- C chua sau khi c ch s chuyn qua thit b c c chn khng
C chua
24
25
C chua
26
27
Hnh
bng
chuyn
bng ng
Hot ng:
Bng ti c vn tc 0.12 0.15m/s, nu vn tc ln hn nht s st.
Cc ng trn quay quanh trc ca mnh khi chuyn ng to lc y
qun tnh cho c chua trn vn chuyn theo.
My ra thi kh
Cu to my ra thi kh:
Gm c bn b phn chnh: thng ngm, bng ti, qut gi, ng thi kh.
C chua
28
Ng
uy
n
tc
hot ng:
Nguyn liu vo my c ko i trn bng ti qua thng ngm ngm
cho b.
Sau c xi li nh h thng vi phun gn ngay pha trn bng
29
th ca ni 1 i vo phng t ca ni 2, hi t ca ni 2 i vo phng t
ca ni 3, hi th ni 3 i vo thit b ngng t 4.
Dung dch i vo ni 3 v sn phm i ra khi ni 1. V p sut ni
trc ln hn ni sau, do dung dch khng t chy t ni n sang ni
kia m phi dng bm vn chuyn.
Dung dch c nng cao nht s i vo ni u, ti y nhit ln
hn do nht ko tng my, kt qu l h s truyn nhit hu nh trong
cc ni khng gim.
Ch :
B mt truyn nhit cng sch, khng c nguyn liu chy bm vo
cn tr s truyn nhit th h s truyn nhit cng cao. V vy trong qu trnh
c c c chua ny chng ta phi thng xuyn c ra cc cn chy bm
b mt truyn nhit.
Trong qu trnh c c chn khng, do c chua c hm lng pectin
nhiu nn s to ra sc cng b mt ln to lp bt trn b mt sn phm.
Hin tng to bt ny lm cn tr qu trnh bc hi v c th lm tn tht
sn phm i theo ng thot hi ( khc phc hin tng ny ngi ta dng
b phn kh bt t gn ng thot hi).
My ch cnh p
Cu to:
C chua
30
Hnh : Cu to ca my ch
1. Vt xon ti nguyn liu
5. Trc quay
2. Phu nhp liu
6. Mt ry
3. Bi cho chuyn nguyn liu
7. Ca tho b ch
4. Cnh ch
Ry c lm bng thp khng r c c l nh, vi kch thc: 0,5;
0,75; 1; 1,5 mm.
sn xut c chua c c, l ry c : 1,0-1,5mm.
Nguyn l hot ng:
1. Cp cho nguyn liu mt lc c hc lm cho n vng v p mnh vo
2.
4.
5.
3.
C chua
31
ngang
Thn thit b t nm ngang, bn trong khng c gi gi m c ng
ry cho xe ng cc gi hp y vo.
Loi ny c kh nng lm vic cao, nhng thao tc phc tp, chu k lm
vic ko di, tn hi v nc nhiu.
C chua
32
33
Sn xut du ht c chua
C chua
34
ca-chua-co-dac-2222/
http://diendancntp.com/viewtopic.php?f=32&t=885
http://baigiang.violet.vn/present/show/entry_id/2096982
http://luanvan.co/luan-van/cong-nghe-san-xuat-ca-chua-co-dac-2153/
http://thuvienso.cntp.edu.vn/tailieuvn/download/document/NzMwOD
A0NTg4NzA1.NTg4NzA1.html
8. http://udkhcnbinhduong.vn/index.php?
mod=khcn&cpid=11&nid=768&view=detail
9. http://voer.edu.vn/bai-viet/khoa-hoc-va-cong-nghe/may-rua-nguyenlieu.html
10.
http://tailieu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/tuyen-tap-tieu-chuan-rau-qua-part4.1085278.html
C chua