Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga

BO CO THC HNH HO HU C
BI 2: HYDROCACBON V DN XUT HALOGEN
Nhm Thc Hin: Nhm 1
Ngy Thc Hnh: 1!"!#$$"
%i&m '(i )h*
I. MC CH TH NGHIM!

%i+u ch, an-an . /*0an12 3c 45nh 06nh ch70 c8a hi9:ocac;on no<

%i+u ch, = 06nh ch70 c8a an->n<

%i+u ch, = 06nh ch70 c8a an-in<

T6nh ch70 c8a ;>n?>n = 0o@u>n<

T6nh ch70 c8a 9An 3u70 ha@og>n<

II. THC HNH!
"#$% A! H&'()*+*,)%
T#- %.#/01 2! /34 *#5 67 89: *#;& 1<:+%
= /34 *#5!
/*0an 4BCc 4i+u ch, ;Dng cch 4un hEn hC) =Fi 0Fi 3G0 .0H @ -hIi @BCng 0Bng Jng @
1<K:11 =Li CH
M
CNNNa 4O 4BCc @m -han ;Dng cch 4un nng< Thu -h6 m*0an Pinh :a
;Dng cch 4Qy nBLc<
RhBng 0:Snh )hTn Jng:
CH
M
CNNNa
NaNH CHU Na
#
CN
M
CaN2 NaNH
0
o
Ta 9Vng =Fi 0Fi 0:Wn =Li 3G0 @ 4& ngXn -hFng cho NaNH @m 0h8ng Ing nghim ;Dng
0h8y 0inh .SiN
#
1 9An 4,n nguy hi&m 0h>o )hTn Jng Pau:
SiN
#
Y #NaNH Z Na
#
SiN
M
Y H
#
N
%[ng 0h(i muIi CH
M
CNNNa 0hB(ng -hFng -han )hTn Jng =Li NaNH @ ch70 hG0 Qm
m\nh P] g^y cTn 0:_ 9o 4 0:BLc -hi 0i,n hnh )hTi 4BCc @m -han 4& @o\i nBLc<
Thu -h6 m*0an `ua nBLc 4& @m giTm ;L0 0\) ch70 -h6 9o -hi `ua nBLc ;5 nBLc h7)
0haZ 0hu -h6 m*0an 0inh -hi,0 hn<
Y T-%# *#>:!
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang 1
U
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
Ta 0i,) 0ac 0hb 06nh ch70 c8a -h6 m*0an ;Dng cch cho `u> 4m 4,n 4cu ng 9An -h6 0hS
0h7y `u> 4m chy =Li ngdn @ba mu 3anhZ -h6 m>0an 9uy 0:S P chy<
%Ba ne) chfn PJ ch\m =o ngdn @ba c8a m>0an 4ang chy 0hS c hi 4dng @\i 0:*n chfn
= c hi 4>n 9o )hTn Jng o3i ha 3Ty :a2 -gm 0h>o cc `u 0Snh )ha Pinh muWi 0han 2
mh0 -hc @BCng CH
U
60 9An 4,n @BCng PTn )hQm cing 60<
T#- %.#/01 2! "#?% @%. ,(A1 #B+ #&')*+*,)% %)
! Cho =i gid0 ;:Fm 0:ong cac;on0>0:ac@o:ua =o Ing nghim 4O chJa n!h>3an hohc >0>
9cu hja< Ta 0h7y2 9ung 95ch ;:om ;an 4cu mu =ng2 @ec nhk hEn hC) )hTn Jng 4&
mW0 0h(i gian 0h7y 9ung 95ch ;5 m70 mu<
Do 0Ic 4W )hTn Jng 0h, B:om =o an->n 0hB(ng chlm n*n 9Vng 9ung 95ch CC@
U
@m
9ung mFi =S n c -hT nXng hma 0an 0I0 cT ;:om = an-an @m cho )hTn Jng 3Ty :a
nhanh = ;i,n 4ni mu :o hn<
! RhTn Jng 0h, B:om ha hi9:ocac;on no 3Ty :a 0h>o c ch, gIc 0 9o .S
p
12 ;ao g[m
cc giai 4o\n: .p q gc an-y@1
o rhi mu )hTn Jng:
Br Br
aP
B:
B:
o Rh0 0:i&n m\ch:
p B:
R H
HB:
R Br
B:
#
R
Br
o Nge0 m\ch:
Br Br
R
Br Br
R
R R
R
Br R Br
T:ong cc giai 4o\n 0:*n2 giai 4o\n chlm `uy,0 45nh 0Ic 4W )hTn Jng chung @ giai
4o\n hSnh 0hnh gc 0 9o an-y@2 giai 4o\n ny 4mi hji nXng @BCng ho\0 ha cao hn
n*n mang 06nh ch70 `uy,0 45nh chung cho =ln 0Ic cT )hTn Jng2 n*n nhSn chung )hTn
Jng -h 3Ty :a hn<
! rhi 9Vng n!h>3an 0a 0hB(ng 0hu 4BCc hEn hC) PTn )hQm @ 4[ng )h^n c8a nhau:
rhi 9Vng n!ha3an 0a 0hu 4BCc:
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang #
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
B:
#
n C
s
H
1U
CC@
U
H
3
C CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
H
C CH
3
Br
H
3
C CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
H
2
C CH
2
Cl
st
Ut
H
3
C CH
2
CH
2
H
C
H
2
C CH
3
Ut Br
HB:
T#- %.#/01 C! /34 *#5 67 :-%# *#>: *D+ <:/E<%
= /34 *#5!
%un Ing nghim chJa hEn hC) C
#
H
K
NH = H
#
SN
U
0:*n ngdn @ba 4gn c[n2 0i,n hnh 0hu
-h6 C
#
H
U
Pinh :a<Sau mW0 0h(i gian2 hEn hC) c mu =ng n^u = Pinh -h6 C
#
H
U
-hFng
mu 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh:
H CH
2
CH
2
OH
H
#
SN
U
"ut
1$!1u$
o
C
H
2
C CH
2 H
#
N
T:BLc -hi 4un2 0a 0h*m =o hEn hC) =i h\0 c0 hohc =i*n PJ 3I) 4& @m hEn hC) PFi
4+u< Ngoi :a 0a c 0h& @e) 0h*m Ing 4ng =Fi 0Fi 3G0 4& h7) 0ha nBLc2 SN
#
2 cc PTn
)hQm )ha -hc c8a )hTn Jng 0:*n <<4& 0hu 4BCc >0y@>n 0inh -hi,0<
= T-%# *#>:!
! Ti,) 0ac `u 0:Snh2 4I0 -h6 >0y@>n _ 4cu Ing 9An -h6 0hS 0a 0h7y ngdn @ba chy c mu
3anh hi =ng _ 0:*n = c 60 -hi 0ho0 :a< %Ba ne) chfn PJ =o ngdn @ba 4ang chy
0h7y c muWi 0han ;m 0:*n ne) chfn PJ< =i )hTn Jng o3y ha 3Ty :a Pinh :a CN
#
2 H
#
N
-gm 0h>o muWi 0han @ PTn )hQm )ha2@ba mu =ng 0hB(ng cho 0h7y c muWi 0han
C
#
H
U
Y MN
#

o
t C

#CN
#
Y #H
#
N<
! DAn -h6 >0y@>n =o Ing nghim chJa nBLc ;:Fm ;Oo hma2 `uan P0 0a 0h7y 9ung 95ch
0v mu =ng hi cam .mu c8a 9ung 95ch ;:Fm1 chuy&n Pang nh\0 9cn n,u cJ cho 0i,)
Pac 0i,) -h6 >0y@>n =o 0hS 9ung 95ch m70 mu< Hin 0BCng 0:*n @ 9o )hTn Jng 3Ty :a
0h>o c ch, cWng hC) i 4in 0b 0hFng 0hB(ng ;w gTy @i*n -,0

gia >0y@>n = ;:Fm

0\o PTn )hQm -hFng mu 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh:
B:
#
H
2
C CH
2 BrH
2
C CH
2
Br
! DAn >0i@>n =o Ing nghim chJa r/nN
U
0hS 9ung 95ch 0v mu 06m 9cn nh\0 mu =
3u70 hin -,0 08a 4>n<Do nIi 4Fi >0i@>n ;5 r/nN
U
o3i ha 0hnh 12# 9io@ 4[ng 0h(i 0\o
/nN
#
9\ng -,0 08a 4>n 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh:
H
#
C x CH
#
Y r/nN
U
YH
#
NZ HNCH
#
!CH
#
NH Y rNH Y /nN
#
y
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang M
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
T#- %.#/01 F! /34 *#5 67 :-%# *#>: *D+ +G<:&E<%
= /34 *#5!
Cho nBLc =o Ing nghim 4O chJa Pzn can3i cac;ua = 4ly 0hl0 nhanh ;Dng nG0 cao Pu
c Ing 9An -h6 0hS 0h7y 0:ong Ing ngim P8i ;d02 4cu Ing 9An -h6 c -h6 -hFng mu2 c
mVi hFi 0ho0 :a2 4 @ -h6 a3>0y@>n
CaC
#
Y H
#
N Z HC CH Y Ca.NH1
#
Thc 0, a3>0i@>n -hFng c mVi2 nhBng PTn )hQm 0hu 4BCc c mVi @ 9o 0:ong PTn )hQm
c @An nhi+u 0\) ch70 nhB H
#
S2 NH
M
2 RH
M
{ = cc hC) ch70 g^y mVi<
= T-%# *#>:!
a< %I0 chy -h6 _ 4cu Ing 9An 0hS ngdn @ba c mu Png chi2 muWi 0han ;m =o Ing
nghim = muWi 0han ;ay :a nhi+u hn Po =Li 0:B(ng hC) m>0an = >0y@>n< %Ba ne)
chfn PJ =o ngdn @ba 4ang chy2 0hS _ ne) chfn c =0 4>n @ muWi 0han Pinh :a 0v )hTn
Jng o3y ha a3>0y@>n<
;< DAn -h6 a3>0y@>n =o 9ung 95ch nBLc ;:Fm ;Oo hma 0hS nBLc ;:Fm cing ;5 m70 mu2
nhBng 0Ic 4W m70 mu chlm hn Po =Li >0y@>n< RhTn Jng cWng 9in :a `ua # giai 4o\n:
HC CH
B:
#
BrHC CHBr
B:
#
Br
2
HC CHBr
2
c< rhi 9An -h6 =o 9ung 95ch r/nNU 0hS mu 9ung 95ch 0v 06m chuy&n Pang nh\0 9cn2
c 08a n^u 4>n c8a /nN
#
<
H
#
N
KMnO
4
HC CH
HC CH
OH OH
OHC CH
2
OH
OHC CHO
HOOC CHO
COOH HOOC
9< RhTn Jng =Li )hJc amiaca0 ;\c = amiaca0 4[ng:
RhTn Jng =Li amiaca0 ;\c:
|miaca0 ;\c 4BCc 4i+u ch, 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh Pau:
Cho 9ung 95ch |gNN
M
=o Ing nghim2 nhj =o 4 9ung 95ch NH
M
4,n -hi no -,0 08a
|g
#
N =va Pinh :a 0an hon 0on<
|gNN
M
Y NH
M
Y H
#
N Z |gNH Y NH
U
NN
M
#|gNH |g
#
N Y H
#
N
|g
#
N Y #NH
M
Y H
#
N Z #.|g.NH
M
1
#
1NH
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang U
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
DAn a3>0i@>n =o hEn hC) mLi 0\o 0hnh 0:*n 0hS 0a 0h7y 3u70 hin -,0 08a mu =ng
nh\0 .|gC C|g 1= c -h6 mVi -hai .NH
M
1 ;ay :a< % @ 9o )hTn Jng 3Ty :a 0h>o
)hBng 0:Snh:
HC CH Y #.|g.NH
M
1
#
1NH Z |gC C|gy Y UNH
M
} Y #H
#
N
! '7y mW0 60 -,0 08a = nhj =o =i gid0 HC@ 4hc 0hS 0h7y -,0 08a 0v =ng chuy&n 9cn
0hnh -,0 08a 0:eng2 9o P 0hay 0h, 9cn 08a |gC C|g ;Dng 08a |gC@ mu 0:eng<
|gC C|g Y #HC@
4
Z HC CH Y #|gC@y
! N,u @dc @7y -,0 08a |gC C|g 4>m nung 0:*n @BLi amiXng 0hS 0h7y 3u70 hin 0i,ng
nn nhj = mAu ;5 )h^n h8y 0hnh mu 4>n
RhTn Jng =Li amiaca0 4[ng:
|miaca0 4[ng 4BCc 4i+u ch, 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh Pau:
#CuC@ Y KNH
M
Y H
#
N Z #.Cu.NH
M
1
#
1
Y
Y NH
U
Y

Y #C@
!
Y NH
!
T:B(ng hC) c @An Cu
#Y
2 0a 0inh ch, @\i ;Dng cch:
UCu
#Y
Y #NH
#
NH Z UCu
Y
Y UH
Y
Y N
#
N Y H
#
N
DAn -h6 C
#
H
#
=o Ing nghim chJa )hJc Cu .~1 amiaca0 0hS 3u70 hin -,0 08a 4j 9o 0\o
0hnh CuC CCuy 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh:
HC CH Y #.Cu.NH
M
1
#
1C@ Z CuC CCuy Y#NH
U
C@ Y #NH
M
rhi cho HC@ 4hc =o -,0 08a 0hS 0h7y 08a 0an :a 9ung 95ch c mu 3anh 9o 3Ty :a 0h>o
)hTn Jng:
CuC CCuy Y #HC@ Z HC CH Y CuC@
#
T#- %.#/01 H! "#?% @%. )G& #B+ ,<%I<% 67 :)E4<%
ChuQn ;5 # Ing:
ng 1: r/nN
U
2 H
#
SN
U
= C
s
H
s
<
ng 2: r/nN
U
2 H
#
SN
U
= C
s
H
K
CH
M
rhi 0i,n hnh 4un nng cT Ing nghim 0hS Ing 1 -hFng c hin 0BCng2 Ing # mu 06m
nh\0 9cn2 3u70 hin 08a n^u 4>n ./nN
#
1 chJng 0j 0o@u>n 4O )hTn Jng =Li ch70 o3i ha
@ r/nN
U
0h>o )hBng 0:Snh:
r/nN
U
CH
3
r/nN
U
COOH
Y GiTi 0h6ch:
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang K
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
! Do ;>?>n c c7u 0:Gc ;+n = 0Bng 4Ii 0: =Li cc 0c nh^n o3i ha n*n -hFng 0h7y
hin 0BCng gS 3Ty :a<
! Do 0o@u>n c nhm qCH
M
gen =Li =mng -hi 4 -hFng )hTi nh^n ;>n?>n 0ham gia )hTn
Jng m )hTn Jng 3Ty :a 0\i cc gc an-y@ 0\o 0hnh nhm ca:;o3y@ qCNNH<
"#$% B! DJ% G4>: #+E).<% *D+ #&'()*+*,)%!
T#- %.#/01 K! /34 *#5 CHI
C
+. /34 *#5 :L +%*)E <:/E/*!
Cho anco@ >0y@ic =o 9ung 95ch r~ ;Oo hma = NaNH< %un nhk cho 4,n -hi 9ung 95ch
=An 4ac< Sau 4 @m @\nh Ing nghim ;Dng nBLc @\nh< rhi cho r~ =o 0a 0h7y 9ung
95ch c mu 06m 4 @ mu c8a ~
#
2 9o 0:ong 9ung 95ch c chJa ~
#
< Sau -hi cho NaNH
=o 4un nhk = @m @\nh 0hS 0h7y c 3u70 hin -,0 08a =ng u 0:Snh 4i+u ch, 0:Ti `ua
nhi+u giai 4o\n Pau:
CH
M
CH
#
NH
N
#
H
3
C C H
O
~
#
rNH
!Mr~
I
3
C CHO
!NH
CH~
M
HCNN
!
,. /34 *#5 :L +G<:)%!
Cho 9ung 95ch r~ = NaNH =o Ing c chJa a3>0on< 'ec nhk Ing nghim2 4un nhk
Pau 4 @m nguWi2 0a 0hu 4BCc -,0 08a =ng nh\0 c8a CH~
M
<u 0:Snh 0h6 nghim 0:Ti `ua
nhi+u giai 4o\n Pau:
H
3
C C CH
3
O
~
#
rNH
!Mr~
I
3
C COCH
3
!NH
CH~
M
CH
M
CNN
!
T:ong 0h6 nghim 0:*n2 0a chH 0i,n hnh 4un nhk2 =S cc hC) ch70 ny 9 ;ay hi2 @BCng
a3>0on n,u 0a 4un PFi P] ;ay hi h,02 ngoi :a 9o c @An ~
#
0:ong 9ung 95ch r~ n*n -hi
4un nng P] 9An 4,n hin 0BCng 0hXng hoa ~
#
T#- %.#/01 M! "#?% @%. :#D& N#O% 'J% G4>: #+E).<%
Y "#?% @%. *D+ *E)P)1 6Q/ '4%. 'R*# S/31
Cho CHC@
M
=o 9ung 95ch NaNH2 @ec 4+u = 4un PFi :[i @m @\nh hEn hC) )hTn Jng<
Sau `u 0:Snh 0a 0hu 4BCc 9ung 95ch 0ch 0hnh # @L)2 @L) 9BLi c 9\ng 08a mu 0:eng
4ac2 @L) 0:*n 0:ong hn
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang s
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
Ta )hTi :a P\ch CHC@
M
;Dng nBLc c702 -i&m 0:a =ic 0ch ion ha@og>n ;Dng 9ung 95ch
|gNN
M
n,u 0h7y -hFng c 08a 0:eng c8a |gC@Z 9ung 95ch CH~
M
4O :a P\ch ion
ha@og>n<
Giai 4o\n 4cu )hTn Jng 0\o CH.NH1
#
-fm ;+n n*n 3Ty :a )hTn Jng 0ch nBLc 0:ong
mFi 0:B(ng -i+m Z 0\o muIi na0:i oma0 HCNNNa< Cc `u 0:Snh 3Ty :a:
CHC@
M
NaNH
CH.NH1
#
NaNH
!H
#
N
H C
O
ONa
= T-%# *#>:!
Cho HCNNNa =o M Ing nghim:
ng 1: Thc hin a3i0 ha ;Dng HNN
M
@oOng = nhj 0h*m =i gid0 |gNN
M
< Ta 0h7y c
3u70 hin -,0 08a 4>n 4 c 0h& @ 9o c mW0 )hcn NaNH 9B _ 0:*n 4O )hTn Jng =Li
|g
Y
0h*m =o 0\o |g
#
N< Cc `u 0:Snh c 0h& 3Ty :a @:
|g
Y
Y C@
!
Z |gC@y
|g
Y
Y NH
!
Z |gNHyZ|g
#
N Y H
#
N
ng 2: cho 0h*m 1m@ )hJc ;\c amoniaca02 0\o :a -,0 08a ;\c mu 4>n = -h6 c mVi
-hai .NH
M
1 0ho0 :a< Thc ch70 4^y @ )hTn Jng 0:ng gBng
H C
O
ONa
|g.NN
M
1
#
HO C
O
ONa
|g
Na
#
CN
M
ng 3: nhj =o =i gid0 r/nN
U
0hS 9ung 95ch chuy&n Pang mu 3anh< Do )hTn Jng
3Ty :a 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh:
HCNNNa Y r/nN
U
Y MNaNH Z Na
#
CN
M
Y r
#
/nN
U
Y Na
#
/nN
U
Y #H
#
N
/u 3anh c8a 9ung 95ch @ mu c8a muIi r
#
/nN
U
= Na
#
/nN
U
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
BO CO THC HNH HO HU C
BI C! ANCOL T "HENOL
Nhm Thc Hin: Nhm 1
Ngy Thc Hnh: #U! " !#$$"
%i&m '(i )h*
I. MC CH TH NGHIM!
T6nh ch70 ha hdc c8a anco@ 4n chJc<
Rh^n ;i0 anco@ ;lc 12 ;lc # = ;lc M<
Rh^n ;i0 anco@ 4n chJc = 4a chJc
T6nh ch70 ha hdc c8a )h>no@<
Nhln ;i,0 )h>no@<
%i+u ch, )h>no@)h0a@>in 0v )h>no@
II. THC HNH!
T#- %.#/01 2 ! N#U% ,/5: %VQ* *B EJ% +%*)E
CuSN
U
c mu 3anh @ 9o c nglm nBLc< Sau -hi 4BCc 4un nng 0hS nBLc ;5 ;Ic hi
n*n CuSN
U
c mu 0:eng<
rhi cho CuSN
U
= #!M m@ >0ano@ =o Ing nghim 0hS CuSN
U
0v mu 0:eng chuy&n Pang
mu 3anh nh\0
CuSN
U
<KH
#
N
$
#
t
H O

CuSN
U
-han 0:eng
"K2Kt >0ano@ Y U2UMt nBLc
U
CuSO

CuSN
U
<3H
#
N .3anh1
TVy =o @BCng nBLc 0:ong >0ano@ 0a c P 4ni mu 4lm nh\0 0Bng Jng<
T#- %.#/01 2 ! T-%# *#>: *D+ +%*)E <:&E/*.
+. "#?% @%. *D+ +%*)E <:&E/* 6Q/ %+:(/!
rhi cho mW0 mAu na0:i =o Ing nghim c chJa anco@ >0y@ic -han 0hS 0h7y 3u70 hin -,0
08a 0:eng = c -h6<
C
#
H
K
NH
-han
Y Na
h\0 nhj
C
#
H
K
NNa
0:eng .-han1
Y H
#
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang u
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
C
#
H
K
NNa
0:eng .-han1
Y H
#
N C
#
H
K
NH
0:eng .-han1
Y NaNH
Do 06nh aci9 c8a >0ano@ :70 y,u n*n Pb 9ang C
#
H
K
NH
-han
)hTn Jng mLi 3Ty :a<
VS n,u C
#
H
K
NH -hFng -han 0hS -hi 4 Na cho =o P] -hFng 0c 9ang =Li :BCu m 0c
9ang =Li nBLc 0:ong 9ung 95ch 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh:
#Na Y #H
#
NZ #NaNH Y H
#
%[ng 0h(i 42 Na 0:BLc -hi cho =o 0h6 nghim )hTi 4BCc c\o P\ch ;*n ngoi =S Na @
-im @o\i ho\0 4Wng m\nh n*n 9 )hTn Jng =Li cc ch70 0:ong -hFng -h6 0\o PTn )hQm
-hc .Na
#
N2 NaNH2{1
Hi9:o Pinh :a Pau )hTn Jng ;5 o3i ha ;_i o3i -hFng -h6 @m chy 0:*n 4cu Ing
nghim<
H
#
Y N
#
H
#
N Y
/uIi C
#
H
K
NNa c8a aci9 :70 y,u2 y,u hn cT 06nh aci9 c8a nBLc n*n C
#
H
K
NNa c )hTn
Jng 0h8y )h^n 0:ong nBLc 0h>o P 4[ 0:*n @m ;i,n 4ni mu )h>no@0a@i>n2 0v -hFng
mu chuy&n Pang mu 4j 06m< rhi hma 0an )h>no@0a@i>n =o 9ung 95ch -i+m @oOng P]
c mu 4j 06m2 m70 mu -hi 0h*m 9B -i+m<
RhTn Jng:
C
O
CO
HO OH
#pNH
)H u2# ! 1$
C
O
CO
RO OR
#H
#
N
RR
NH
Nguy*n nh^n @m)h>no@0a@i>n m70 mu -hi 0h*m 9B -i+m @ 9o )h>no@0a@i>n c -hoTng
chuy&n mu 0v u2$ q "<u n*n n,u 0h*m 9B -i+m P] @m )H 0Xng @*n =BC0 `u ngBng
chuy&n mu c8a )h>no@0a@i>n2 @m m70 mu 0huIc 0hb<
,. "#?% @%. )G/ #B+ +%*)E <:&E/* ,W%. C4 XIIY )G/:!
D^y 4[ng ;an 4cu c mu 4j2 Pau -hi ;5 4un nng 9^y 4[ng c mu 4>n 9o ;5 o3i ha
0:ong -hFng -h6
#Cu Y N
#
Z #CuN
rhi nhGng 9^y 4[ng ngay @\i 0:ong Ing nghim chJa anco@ >0y@ic 9^y 4[ng 0:_ @\i
mu 4j =In c ;an 4cu -hi chBa ;5 o3i ha<Do )hTn Jng 3Ty :a 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh Pau:
C
#
H
K
NH Y CuN Z CH
M
CHN Y Cu Y H
#
'h) @\i `u 0:Snh 0:*n nhi+u @cn 4& @m 0Xng hm @BCng an9>hi0 Pinh :a<
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang "
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
Nhj =o 9ung 95ch 0hu 4BCc =i gid0 a3i0 ucPinPunu:o< RhTn Jng aci9 ucPinPunu:o
:70 nh\y = 4hc 0:Bng =Li an9>hi0< NhSn chung -hFng )hTn Jng =Li 3>0on<
N,u Pau )hTn Jng 9ung 95ch cmn mu h[ng chJng 0j ucPin cmn 9B2 9o 4 )hTi cho
0han ho\0 06nh =o h7) 0ha @BCng ucPin2 Pao 4 mLi @dc @\i 4& 0hu aci9 ucPinPunu:o
0inh -hi,0
Thc hin )hTn Jng chuy&n =5 -hi nhln an9>hi0 PTn )hQm c c7u 0\o `uinoi0 c mu:
C
H
N
H
N
NH
2
OSO
OSO
C
H
C
H
CH
3
OH
OH
R
R
C@
Do 4:
Nhj aci9 ucPinPunu:o -hFng mu =o hEn hC) -hFng mu 9ung 95ch P] ha h[ng<
%& nguWi hEn hC) mLi cho aci9 ucPinPunu:o =o .-hFng 4BCc 4un1 =S _ nhi0 4W cao
aci9 P] m70 SN
#
0\o ngBCc @\i ucPin c mu h[ng -hFng )hTi mu )hTn Jng<
VS aci9 ucPinPunu:o :70 nh\y =Li an9>hy9> .CH
M
CHN1 n*n -hFng 4BCc 4& 4cu Ing
nghim ch\m =o Ing nghim<
*. "#?% @%. )G/ #B+ +%*)E <:&E/* ,W%. S+E/ N<1+.+%+:!
rhi cho anco@ >0y@ic2 r/nN
U
= H
#
SN
U
=o Ing nghim :[i 4un nhk 0hS 0:ong Ing
nghim P] 3Ty :a )hTn Jng 0\o an9>hi0
Sau 4 an9>hi0 0i,) 0ac ;5 o3iha 0\o 0hnh aci9 ca;o3y@ic<
CH
M
CH
#
NH Y #r/nN
U
Y MH
#
SN
U

0
o
KCH
M
CHN Y #/nSN
U
Y r
#
SN
U
YuH
#
N
CH
M
CHN Y N
U
$
# U
2
KMnO
H SO t

CH
M
CNNH
Dung 95ch mu h[ng c8a /n
Y
nh\0 mu 9cn = cuIi cVng 0:_ n*n -hFng mu /n
Y#
<
N,u 9ung 95ch =An cmn mu h[ng 0hS 0h*m =o =i gid0 0inh 0h& na0:i Puni0 hohc na0:i
hi9:oPuni0 4& -hb h,0 0c nh^n o3i ha<
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang 1$
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
Do hEn hC) 0\o 0hnh Pau )hTn Jng c 06nh aci9 n*n -hi cho aci9 ucPinPunu:o =o
9ung 95ch chuy&n Pang mu =ng nhln ;i,0 P 0\o 0hnh CH
M
CNNH 0v CH
M
CH
#
NH<
T#- %.#/01 C ! "#?% @%. *D+ <:&E<%.E/*)E 67 .E&G<(/% 6Q/ C4 XIIY #/8()G/:
rhi cho CuSN
U
= NaNH =o ;a Ing nghim 0hS P] c -,0 08a 3anh Cu.NH1
#
<
CuSN
U
Y #NaNH Cu.NH1
#
Y Na
#
SN
U
ng nghim 1: cho >0y@>ng@ico@ =o 9ung 95ch c mu 3anh 06m<
CH
2
CH
2
OH
OH
Cu.NH1
#
H
2
C
H
2
C
O
O
CH
2
CH
2
O
O
Cu
#
#H
#
N
ng nghim 2: cho g@y3>:in =o 9ung 95ch c mu 3anh 06m2 )hTn Jng nhanh<
H
2
C
HC
OH
H
2
C OH
OH
Cu.NH1
#
H
2
C
HC
O
H
2
C OH
O
CH
2
CH
HO
CH
2
O
O
Cu
#H
#
N
#
ng nghim 3: cho anco@ >0y@ic =o )hTn Jng -hFng 3Ty :a<
Cho =o M Ing 0vng gid0 9ung 95ch HC@:
ng nghim 1 v 2: -hi cho HC@ =o -hFng c )hTn Jng 4Ing 0h(i c P 0ch @L) gia
HC@ = )hJc ch70< Nguy*n nh^n 9o )hJc ch70 0\o 0hnh 0:ong 0h6 nghim 0Bng 4Ii
;+n<
ng 3: -hi cho HC@ =o -,0 08a Cu.NH1
#
mu 3anh 9Bng -hFng 0ham gia )hTn Jng
@eng 9BLi 4y Ing nghim2 @L) 0:*n 0ham gia )hTn Jng hSnh 0hnh 9ung 95ch ->o gia
>0ano@ c 06nh ;a? = HC@:
C
#
H
K
NH Y HC@ C
#
H
K
C@ Y H
#
N
T#- %.#/01 F ! "#?% @%. *D+ +%*)E 6Q/ :#49* :#Z L4*+[
= T#49* :#Z L4*+[! @ hEn hC) HC' 4lm 4hc = nC@
#
2 c -hT nXng ;i,n 4ni |nco@
0hnh 9An 3u70 C@o 0Bng Jng 2 -hFng 0an 0:ong hEn hC) )hTn Jng 2 = 0Vy 0h>o hm
@BCng 2 c 0h& @m =Qn 4ac 9ung 95ch hohc c hin 0BCng 0ch @L)<
%^y @ 0huIc 0hb 0hB(ng 4BCc 9Vng 4& nhln ;i,0 ;lc :BCu 9a 0:*n hin 0BCng =An 4ac
c8a 9ung -hi cho 0huIc 0hb =o:
pBCu ;lc 1: -hFng )hTn Jng 0huIc 0hb
pBCu ;lc #: 9ung 95ch =An 4ac -hi cho 0huIc 0hb =o -hoTng K )hG0
pBCu ;lc M: hin 0BCng =An 4ac 3Ty :a 0Jc 0h(i
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang 11
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
% @ 9o )hTn Jng 3Ty :a 0h>o c ch, S
N
1 hohc S
N
#: 0\o 0hnh gIc p
Y
< T:ong 4 0Vy
0huWc =o ;lc :BCu m gIc p
Y
c 4W ;+n -hc nhau2 ;lc M 0hB(ng ;+n hn ;lc #
= T#- %.#/01! Cho 0huIc 0hb 'ucaP =o cc Ing nghim c chJa Pzn:
ng 1 :chJa )h>no@: c hin 0BCng )h^n @L)2 -hFng )hTn Jng<
ng 2 :chJa >0ano@: 9ung 95ch =Qn 0:ong PuI0< pBCu ;lc mW0 hon 0on -o )hTn Jng _
nhi0 4W )hmng<
ng 3 chJa iPo):o)ano@: 9ung 95ch ;5 =Qn 4ac< pBCu ;lc # )hTn Jng Pau -hoTng K
)hG0<
H
3
C C
H
OH
CH
3
HC@
nC@
H
3
C C
H
Cl
CH
3 H
#
N
ng 4 chJa 0>:0!;u0ano@: c hin 0BCng 0ch @L)< pBCu ;lc M )hTn Jng ngay 0Jc -hec
H
3
C C
OH
CH
3
HC@
nC@
H
3
C C
Cl
CH
3 H
#
N
CH
3
CH
3
T#- %.#/01 H ! M\: [9 :-%# *#>: *D+ N#<%)E.
+. "#?% @%. *D+ N#<%)E 6Q/ %+:(/ #/'()G/:!
'ec 4+u Ing nghim 0a 0h7y )h>no@ c -hT nXng 0an 0:ong nBLc nh( -hT nXng hSnh
0hnh cc @i*n -,0 hi9:og>n =Li nBLc2 nhBng -hT nXng 0an ny 3Ty :a -hFng hon 0on2
chH -hi _ $
o
C 0hS 0an =F h\n 9ung 95ch )h>no@ =Qn 4ac<
Rh>no@ c 06nh aci9 =S c hiu Jng cWng hB_ng 3Ty :a 0:ong )h^n 0b< VS =ly2 -hc =Li
:BCu2 )h>no@ cmn c 0h& 0c 9ang =Li ;a? m\nh 9ung 95ch 0:ong @\i<
C
s
H
K
NH Y NaNH C
s
H
K
NNa Y H
#
N
Chia @m hai Ing nghim :
ng 1: Cho 0v 0v 9ung 95ch HC@ @ec nhk 9ung 95ch =Qn 4ac @\i2 9o P 0\o 0hnh Rh>no@<
C
s
H
K
NNa Y HC@ C
s
H
K
NH Y NaC@
ng 2: T6nh a3i0 c8a )h>no@ :70 y,u r
a
x1$
!"2K
n*n -hFng @m 4ni mu `u 06m< VS =ly2
muIi )h>no@a0 ;5 a3i0 cac;onic 0c 9ang 0\o @\i )h>no@< rhi 9An -h6 CN
#
=o 9ung 95ch
;5 =An 4ac<
C
s
H
K
NNa Y CN
#
Y H
#
N C
s
H
K
NH Y NaHCN
M
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang 1#
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
Ccn @Bu :Dng 06nh a3i0 c8a )h>no@ 0uy y,u hn n7c 1 c8a a3i0 cac;onic2 nhBng @\i @Ln
hn n7c )h^n @y 0hJ # c8a a3i0 ny n*n PTn )hQm 0\o 0hnh )hTi @ NaHCN
M
,. "#?% @%. *D+ N#<%)E 6Q/ '4%. 'R*# ]<CE
C
ng nghim 1: chJa )h>no@: 0h*m =i gid0 >C@
M
@oOng =o 9ung 95ch )h>no@ 0:ong
nBLc P] c mu 06m .)hJc 3anh 06m1<
OH
>
MY
>.C
s
H
K
N1
s
M!
s
sH
Y
ng nghim 2: chJa hi9:o`uinon: 0h*m =i gid0 >C@
M
@oOng =o 9ung 95ch
hi9:o`uinon 0:ong nBLc P] 4BCc -,0 08a `uinhy9:on hSnh -im mu 3anh @ c^y<
ng nghim 3: chJa #!na)h0o@: -hi 0h*m =i gid0 9ung 95ch >C@
M
=o 9ung 95ch #!
na)h0o@ 0:ong nBLc nng P] 3u70 hin mu 3anh @ c^y nh\02 Pau mW0 0h(i gian c -,0
08a ;Fng 0:eng<
Cc )hJc 0\o 0hnh 0:ong M Ing nghim 0:*n 4+u -fm ;+n 0:ong cT hai mFi 0:B(ng aci9
= -i+m2 9o 4 -hi cho )hJc )hTn Jng =Li H
Y
hay NH
!
-& cT :BCu 0hS mu cc )hJc
4+u ;5 m70< Do 4 -hi cho anco@ >0y@ic2 HC@2 NaNH =o cc Ing nghim 4+u m70 mu
0Vy =o 4W m\nh y,u c8a aci9 hay -i+m m -hT nXng m70 mu nhanh hay chlm<
*. "#?% @%. ,()1 #B+ N#<%)E!
Nhj 99 nBLc ;:Fm =o )h>no@ 0hS 3u70 hin -,0 08a 0:eng<
OH
MB:
#
#
OH
Br
Br
Br
#
%n 0i,) 0ac B:om =o 4,n 9B -,0 08a chuy&n Pang mu =ng 9o hSnh 0hnh #2U2U2s!
0>0:a;:om h>3a!#2K!9i>n!1!on<
OH
O
Br
Br
Br
Br
B:
#
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang 1M
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
T#- %.#/01 K ! "#?% @%. L/,<1<%
%un nhk hEn hC) )h>no@ = 0inh 0h& NaNN
#
Pau 4 @m nguWi = cho H
#
SN
U
=o 9ung
95ch<
Sau -hi 9un hEn hC)2 0h*m H
#
SN
U
9ung 95ch chuy&n Pang mu 4j 4lm2 -,0 0inh @\i =
c -hIi mu n^u ;ay @*n<
C
s
H
K
NH -hFng )hTn Jng 0:c 0i,) =Li NaNN
#
#NaNN
#
Y H
#
SN
U
#HNNN Y Na
#
SN
U
OH
HNNN
OH
NO
OH
NO
Do nh^n 0hm 4BCc 0Xng ho\02 )hTn Jng ni0:o ha )h>no@ c 0h& 3Ty :a 0:ong 4i+u -in
nhk nhng hn ni0:o ha ;>n?>n< RhTn Jng -hFng ccn )hTi 9Vng H
#
SN
U
@m ch70 3Gc
0c nhB 0:B(ng hC) ni0:o ha ;>n?>n PTn )hQm 0\o :a P] 0h, =o =5 0:6 o:0ho = )a:a<
Rha @oOng 9ung 95ch 0:ong nBLc mu 4j nh\0 9cn mu 4j< V -hi 0:ung hma ;Dng
9ung 95ch NaNH 1N 3u70 hin -,0 08a 9\ng ->o<
Nhm qNN 0:ong PTn )hQm P] 45nh hBLng NH
!
c8a NaNH P] 0h, =o =5 0:6 o:0ho =
)a:a cho 0a 0hu 4BCc PTn )hQm< %i+u ny giTi 0h6ch P 3u70 hin 0inh -,0 08a ->o 0:ong
Ing nghim<
T#- %.#/01 M ! /34 *#5 N#<%)EN#:+E</% 67 N#?% @%. *D+ N#<%)EN#:+E</%
+. /34 *#5 N#<%)EN:+E</%!
Cho anhi9:i0 )h0a@ic =o M Ing nghim:
ng 1: cho )h>no@ =o = 3Gc 0c H
#
SN
U
4lm 4hc 9ung 95ch chuy&n 9cn Pang mu
4j 9BLi 9\ng ->o -hi 4un nng = @m @\nh c mu 4j 4lm
C
C
O
O
O
C
C
O
O
OH
H
#
SN
U
OH OH
H
#
N
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang 1U
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
ng #: cho hi9:o`uinon =o = 3Gc 0c H
#
SN
U
4lm 4hc 9ung 95ch chuy&n 9cn Pang
mu n^u 9BLi 9\ng ->o -hi 4un nng = @m @\nh c mu n^u 4lm
Hi9:o`uinon c cFng 0hJc c7u 0\o 0Bng 0 nhB )h>no@ chH hn 1 nhm qNH n*n `u
0:Snh hSnh 0hnh RR 0Bng 0 nhB P 4[ )hTn Jng 0:*n2 nhBng @Gc ny mFi 0:B(ng 0\o
PTn )hQm c P -hc ;i0 9o nhm qNH 9B g^y :a n*n RR c mu n^u 4lm<
ng 3: cho #!na)0o@ =o = 3Gc 0c H
#
SN
U
4lm 4hc 9ung 95ch chuy&n 9cn Pang mu
4j 9BLi 9\ng ->o -hi 4un nng = @m @\nh c mu 4>n
TBng 0 #!na)0o@ 9B mW0 =mng ;>n?>n Po =Li )h>no@ n*n 0\o mFi 0:B(ng c 4W )H
0h7) n*n RR c mu 4>n<
,. "#?% @%. *D+ N#<%)EN#:+E</%:
ng 1: )h>no@0a@i>n 0an 0:ong 9ung mFi nBLc2 n,u 4BCc 4un nng @*n -hoTng $
o
C
-hT nXng 0an @ =F h\n<
ng 2: )h>no@0a@i>n ;5 ha 4j 06m 0:ong NaNH #N2 0:ong mFi 0:B(ng -i+m y,u
)h>no@0a@i>n 4ni mu< rhi 0h*m =o -i+m :en hay 9ung 95ch -i+m 4hc 0hS mu
)h>no@0a@i>n P] ;5 m70<
Nguy*n nh^n @ 9o -hoTng chuy&n mu c8a )h>no@0a@i>n .9a 0:*n 0H @ 9\ng a3i0 =
;a? @i*n hC) c8a n1 @ mW0 -hoTng nh70 45nh: u2$ q "<u n*n -hi cho -i+m 4hc =o P]
@m )H =BC0 `u ngBng "<u @m n m70 mu<
ng 3: aci9 ha 9ung 95ch )h>no@0a@i>n ;Dng HC@ #N P] 0\o :a -,0 08a 0:eng< r,0 08a
ny 0an 0:ong >0> = nng chTy 0:ong n[i cch 0h8y<
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang 1K
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
BO CO THC HNH HO HU C
BI F: ANDEHITT XETONT AXIT CACBOXYLIC
Nhm Thc Hin: Nhm 1
Ngy Thc Hnh: 1!1$!#$$"
%i&m '(i )h*
I. MC CH TH NGHIM!

%i+u ch, a3>0an9>hi0 0v >0ano@

RhTn Jng o3i ha a3>0an9>hi0

RhTn Jng cWng nu@>o)hin =o nhm CxN c8a an9>hi0 = 3>0on

RhTn Jng Cani?a:o

T6nh aci9 c8a aci9 cac;o3y@ic

So Pnh 06nh aci92 06nh -hb c8a mW0 PI aci9

RhTn Jng 45nh 06nh c8a aci9 Pa@y3i@ic =Li >C@

M

Rh^n ;i0 aci9 =Li )h>no@

II. THC HNH!
"#$% A! A%'<#/: 67 G<:)%
T#- %.#/01 2! /34 *#5 +%'<#/: :L +%*)E<:&E/*
D^y 4[ng ;an 4cu c mu 4j2 Pau -hi ;5 4un nng 9^y 4[ng c mu 4>n 9o ;5 o3i ha
0:ong -hFng -h6
#Cu Y N
#
Z #CuN
rhi nhGng 9^y 4[ng ngay @\i 0:ong Ing nghim chJa anco@ >0y@ic 9^y 4[ng 0:_ @\i
mu 4j =In c ;an 4cu -hi chBa ;5 o3i ha2 chJng 0j c )hTn Jng hma hdc 3Ty :a m
CuN ;5 -hb 0:_ @\i 0hnh Cu <RhTn Jng 3Ty :a 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh Pau:
C
#
H
K
NH Y CuN Z CH
M
CHN Y Cu Y H
#
STn )hQm 0hu 4BCc @ a3>0an9>hi0
T#- %.#/01 2! "#?% @%. *D+ +%'<#/: 6Q/ +G/: P4*[/%P4(^
Y ChuQn ;5 9ung 95ch a3i0 ucPinu::
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang 1s
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
|3i0 ucPinu: 4BCc 4i+u ch, 0v ucPin cho ;To hma -h6 SN
#

ucPin c cFng 0hJ c7u 0\o @:
C
H
2
N
H
2
N
NH
2 C@
Dung 95ch ucPin c mu h[ng -hi cho 0:ong #$$m@ nBLc c70 = cho ;To hma -h6
anhi9::i0 Punu:o SN
#
P] 0\o 0hnh aci9 ucPinPunu:o -hFng mu<
C
H
2
N
H
2
N
H
N
SO
3
H
OSOH
rh6 SN
#
Pac =o 9ung 95ch 0:*n 4BCc 4i+u ch, 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh:
NaHSN
M
Y HC@ Z NaC@ Y SN
#
} Y H
#
N
N,u Pau )hTn Jng 9ung 95ch cmn mu h[ng chJng 0j ucPin cmn 9B2 9o 4 )hTi cho
0han ho\0 06nh =o h7) 0ha @BCng ucPin2 Pao 4 mLi @dc @\i 4& 0hu aci9 ucPinPunu:o
0inh -hi,0
Ta 0i,n hnh 0h6 nghim nhB Pau:
ng 1: chJa # gid0 9ung 95ch aci9 ucPinPunu: = cho =o K gid0 9ung 95ch
oman9>hi0 U$t 0hS 9ung 95ch 3u70 hin mu 06m h[ng < Sau -hi cho K gid0 9ung 95ch
HC@ 4hc =o 9ung 95ch chuy&n Pang mu 06m
ng 2: chJa # gid0 9ung 95ch aci9 ucPinPunu: = cho =o K gid0 9ung 95ch
a3>0an9>hi0 #$t 0hS 9ung 95ch cing 3u70 hin mu h[ng< Cho 0i,) K gid0 9ung 95ch
HC@ 4hc =o 9ung 95ch nh\0 9cn nhBng =An gi 4BCc mu h[ng
Nguy*n nh^n @ 9o )hTn Jng aci9 ucPinPunu:o :70 nh\y = 4hc 0:Bng =Li an9>hi0
. ucPinPunu:o -hFng )hTn Jng =Li 3>0on1< u 0:Snh 0hc hin )hTn Jng chuy&n =5
-hi nhln an9>hi0 cho PTn )hQm c c7u 0\o `uinoi0 c mu:
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang 1
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
C
H
N
H
N
NH
2
OSO
OSO
C
H
C
H
CH
3
OH
OH
R
R
C@
T#- %.#/01 C! "#?% @%. *D+ +%'<#/: 6Q/ +1/+*+: ,_* X :#49* :#Z T)E<%[Y
= /34 *#5 +1/+*+: ,_*!
|miaca0 ;\c 4BCc 4i+u ch, 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh Pau:
|gNN
M
Y NH
M
Y H
#
N Z |gNH Y NH
U
NN
M
#|gNH |g
#
N Y H
#
N
|g
#
N Y #NH
M
Y H
#
N Z #.|g.NH
M
1
#
1NH
= T#- %.#/01 6Q/ '4%. 'R*# P)1+%'<#/: F`a!
Cho 9ung 95ch oman9>hi0 U$t =o amiaca0 ;\c =va 4BCc 4i+u ch, 2 4un nng< uan
P0 0a 0h7y 9BLi 4y Ing nghim nhanh chng 3u70 hin @L) ;\c Ing nh2 `u 0:Snh 3Ty
:a :70 nhanh< Thc ch70 `u 0:Snh 0:*n ch6nh @ )hTn Jng 0:ng gBng Pinh :a ;\c ;m
9BLi 4y Ing nghim<
RhTn Jng 3Ty :a # giai 4o\n:
HCHN Y #|gNN
M
Y MNH
M
Y H
#
N Z HCNNNH
U
Y #NH
U
NN
M
Y #|gy
HCNNNH
U
Y #|gNN
M
Y MNH
M
Y H
#
N Z .NH
U
1
#
CN
M
Y #NH
U
NN
M
Y #|gy
Tnng hC) @\i2 0a c:
HCHN Y U|gNN
M
Y sNH
M
Y #H
#
N Z .NH
U
1
#
CN
M
Y UNH
U
NN
M
Y U|gy
= T#- %.#/01 6Q/ '4%. 'R*# +G<:+%'<#/: 2`a!
Cho 9ung 95ch a3>0an9>hi0 #$t =o amiaca0 ;\c2 4un nng< uan P0 0a 0h7y c )hTn
Jng 0:ng gBng 3Ty :a nhBng ;\c ;m 0:*n 0hnh Ing nghim 60 hn 2 )hTn Jng cing
3Ty :a chlm hn 0h6 nghim =Li ocman9>hi0<
CH
M
CHN Y #|gNN
M
Y MNH
M
Y H
#
N Z CH
M
CNNNH
U
Y #NH
U
NN
M
Y #|gy
NhB =ly2 cXn cJ =o )hBng 0:Snh )hTn Jng 0a 0h7y @BCng |g Pinh :a 60 hn _ 0h6
nghim 0:BLc2 n*n @BCng ;\c ;m =o 4y Ing nghim 60 hn<
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang 1u
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
T#- %.#/01 F! "#?% @%. *D+ +%'<#/: 6Q/ C4XOHY
= T#- %.#/01 6Q/ '4%. 'R*# P)1+%'<#/: !
Ti,n hnh cho 1m@ HCHN Kt Y 1m@ NaNH 1$t = 0v 0v 0vng gid0 9ung 95ch CuSN
U
#t 2 4un nng )hcn 0:*n c8a hnn hC)2 )hcn 9BLi 4& Po Pnh<
Ta 0h7y 9ung 95ch 3u70 hin mu 3anh nh\0 c8a huy+n )hV Cu.NH1
#
.Pau -hi cho 0v 0v
0vng gid0 9ung 95ch CuSN
U
#t1 :[i 0v 0v chuy&n Pang mu 4j g\ch 9\ng 08a
.Cu
#
N1<% @ 9o cc )hTn Jng 3Ty :a:
#NaNH Y CuSN
U
Z Cu.NH1
#
y
3anh nh\0
Y Na
#
SN
U
HCHN Y UCu.NH1
#
Y #NaNH Z Na
#
CN
M
Y #Cu
#
Ny
4j g\ch
Y sH
#
N
= b#/ :#- %.#/01 6Q/ +G<:+%'<#/:!
Ta cho 1m@ CH
M
CHN Kt21m@ NaNH 1$t = 0v 0v 0vng gid0 9ung 95ch CuSN
U
#t 2
4>m 4un nng )hcn 0:*n c8a hnn hC)2 )hcn 9BLi 4& Po Pnh< Ta 0h7y 9ung 95ch 4ni
mu 0v mu 3anh nh\0 c8a huy+n Pang mu 4j g\ch c8a 08a 0Bng 0 nhB 0:*n2 nhBng
@BCng 08a 4j g\ch 0:Fng 60 hn<
S 4[ )hTn Jng:
#NaNH Y CuSN
U
Z Cu.NH1
#
y
3anh nh\0
Y Na
#
SN
U
CH
M
CHN Y #Cu.NH1
#

0
o
CH
M
CNNH Y Cu
#
Ny
4j g\ch
Y #H
#
N
CH
M
CNNH Y NaNH Z CH
M
CNNNa Y H
#
N
Suy :a:
CH
M
CHN Y #Cu.NH1
#
Y NaNH
0
o
CH
M
CNNNa Y Cu
#
Ny
4j g\ch
Y MH
#
N .U<U1
NhB =ly cXn cJ =o 0H @ an9>hi0 = 08a 0a 0h7y @BCng Cu
#
N Pinh :a _ )hTn Jng =Li
a3>0an9>hi0 60 hn<
T#- %.#/01 H! "#?% @%. *D+ +%'<#/: 67 G<:)% 6Q/ N+HcO
C
= VQ/ +G<:+%'<#/:!
'7y Mm@ NaHSN
M
@ec m\nh = cho 0i,) =o 1m@ a3>0an9>hi02 4h0 Ing nghim =o chlu
4 @\nh<
Hin 0BCng 0h7y 4BCc @ hEn hC) 0ja nhi02 4h0 Ing nghim 0:ong cIc nBLc 4 0hS 0h7y
c -,0 08a 0ch :a c 9\ng 0inh 0h& mu 0:eng _ Ing nghim<
'dc @7y -,0 08a chia @m hai )hcn ;Dng nhau cho =o # Ing nghim<
Rhcn 1: cho HC@ #N 0hS -,0 08a 0an c mVi PIc @a mVi SN
#
;ay @*n
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang 1"
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
Rhcn #: cho =o =i gid0 NaNH 1$t -,0 08a 0an
Cc hin 0Bng 0:*n @ 9o muIi 0\o 0hnh 9 ;5 0:_ @\i 0hnh 9\ng an9>hi0 0:ong mFi
0:B(ng a3i0 hohc -i+m 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh:
Rhcn 1:

C
SO
3
Na
H
3
C
OH
H
HC@ C
H
3
C
O
H
NaC@ SN
#
H
#
N
Rhcn #:
C
SO
3
Na
H
3
C
OH
H
NH
!
C
H
3
C
O
H
Na
#
SN
M
H
#
N
Na
Y
Cc )hTn Jng 0:*n 0hB(ng 9Vng 4& 0ch an9>hi0 :a -hji hEn hC)2 Pau 4 0i 0\o @\i ;Dng
aci9 hay ;a?
= b#/ 'd%. G<:)%!cc `u 0:Snh = hin 0BCng cing 3Ty :a 0Bng 0 nhB =Li an9>hy0
S 4[ )hTn Jng gia a3>0on = NaHSN
M
:
Rhcn )hTn Jng =Li HC@: 08a 0an2 -h6 mVi PIc .SN
#
1 ;ay :a
Rhcn )hTn Jng =Li NaNH: 08a 0an
!
NhB =ly:cT an9>hi0 3>0on 0ham gia )hTn Jng cWng hi9:o = NaHSN
M
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang #$
p H
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
"#$% B! AG/: *+*,)G&E/*
T#- %.#/01 K! T-%# +G/: *D+ *+*,)G&E/*
a< '7y M Ing nghim2 mEi Ing nghim chJa 1!# gid0 9ung 95ch CH
M
CNNH 1$t<
Do 4:
ng 1: cho =o 1 gid0 m>0y@ 9a cam <Dung 95ch c mu hi =ng 4j< Do CH
M
CNNH @
a360 y,u2 )h^n @y cho ion H
Y
2 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh:
CH
M
CNNH CH
M
CNN
!
Y H
Y
/>0y@ 9a cam c -hoTng chuy&n mu 0v M<1 q U<U n*n P] ;5 4ni mu
ng 2: cho =o 1 gid0 `u 3anh nhBng -hFng c 9ung 95ch 0huIc 0hb `u 3anh n*n
-hFng 0i,n hnh 4BCc2 0a 0h7y ;Dng gi7y )H 0hS 0h7y gi7y chuy&n Pang mu 4m cho 0h7y
mW0 @cn nba 06nh a3i0 c8a CH
M
CNNH
ng 3: cho =o 1 gid0 )h>no@)h0a@>in m70 mu = 3u70 hin -,0 08a
C
O
CO
HO OH
C
O
CO
OOCH
3
C CH
3
COO
#H
#
N
RR
#CH
M
CNNH
;< '7y 1!#m@ aci9 a3>0ic -,0 0inh =o Ing nghim2 cho 0h*m mW0 60 ;W0 /g 0hS 0h7y ;W0
0an = c -h6 -hFng mu 0ho0 :a = -hi 4I0 chy c ngdn @ba mu 3anhZ -h6 0\o
0hnh Pau )hTn Jng @ -h6 Hi9:o2 -hi chy c mu 3anh
#CH
M
CNNH Y /g Z .CH
M
CNN1
#
/g Y H
#
}
Z |ci9 cac;o3y@ic 0c 9ang =Li -im @o\i c 06nh -hb m\nh<
c< Cho @BCng nhj CuN =o Ing nghim2 :0 0i,) =o 4 #!Mm@ aci9 a3>0ic = 4un nhk
hEn hC) 0:*n ngdn @ba 4gn c[n 0hS 0h7y mu 4>n c8a 9ung 95ch -hi cho CuN nh\0 9cn2
9ung 95ch c mW0 )hcn mu 3anh 9Bng .9o muIi Cu
#Y
0\o 0hnh1<
#CH
M
CNNH Y CuN Z .CH
M
CNN1
#
Cu Y H
#
N
Z |ci9 cac;o3y@ic 0c 9ang =Li ;a?o hay o3i0 ;a?o<
9< p0 1!#m@ aci9 a3>0ic -,0 0inh =o Ing nghim 4O chJa Pzn 1!#m@ NaCN
M
1$t 0hS
0h7y 3u70 hin -h6 0ho0 :a2 -hi 4Ba `u> 9i*m 4ang chy =o -h6 ny 0hS `u> 9i*m ;5
0e0Z -h6 -hFng 9uy 0:S P chy.CN
#
1<
#CH
M
CNNH Y CaCN
M
Z .CH
M
CNN1
#
Ca Y CN
#
} Y H
#
N
Z |ci9 cac;o3y@ic 0c 9ang =Li muIi c8a aci9 y,u hn<
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang #1
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
T#- %.#/01 M! C;* N#?% @%. )G/ #B+ +*/' *+*,)G&E/*
Cho =o M Ing nghim @cn @BC0 cc a3i0 Pau: HCNNH 4lm 4hc2 CH
M
CNNH "Kt2
HNNC!CNNH 4hc< Cho =o M Ing mW0 gid0 r/nN
U
$21N:
uan P0 hin 0BCng 0a 0h7y
ng 1: mu 06m hi nh\0 :[i 9cn chuy&n Pang mu 4j n^u
ng 2: -hFng @m m70 mu 06m
ng 3: m70 mu 06m
= G/?/ :#-*#!
%Ii =Li aci9 omic c nhm an9>hi0 n*n c -hT nXng 0ham gia )hTn Jng o3i ha n*n
@m mu 0huIc r/nN
U
nh\0 9cn<RhTn Jng Pinh :a /nN
#
n*n @m 9ung 95ch 3u70 hin
4j n^u<
Cmn @\i CH
M
CNNH -hFng c -hT nXng 0ham gia )hTn Jng o3i ha<
Do HNNC!CNNH c # nhm cac;o3y@ 4+u c hiu Jng hG0 4in 0b =+ )h6a mSnh n*n
@i*n -,0 gia # nhm ny 9] ;5 ;w gOy2 9o 4 -hT nXng 0ham gia )hTn Jng o3i ha @Ln
hn # aci9 cmn @\i<
T#- %.#/01 e! "#?% @%. *D+ +*/' #f4 *^ 6Q/ ]<CE
C
'7y =o U Ing nghim:
+ ng 1: $2Km@ HCNNH 4lm 4hc
+ ng 2: $2#m@ CH
M
CNNH "Kt
+ ng 3: $2Km@ HNNCqCNNH 4hc
+ ng 4: $2#g aci9 Pa@i3y@ic
Cho =o mEi Ing nghim 9ung 95ch amoniac #N 4& -i+m ha cho 4,n -hi gi7y `u 4j
ha 3anh 0hS c P 0\o 0hnh amin 0h>o )hBng 0:Snh:
C
O
R
OH
NH
U
NH C
O
R
ONH
4
H
#
N
Do 9ung 95ch amoniac #N 9B2 n*n 0a 4un h,0 mVi amoniac 4& 0:nh NH
U
NH )hTn Jng
=Li >
MY
m @0 0a 0h*m =o:
NH
U
NH
0
o
NH
M
} Y H
#
N
Cho =o mEi Ing 1m@ >C@
M
$2#N = @ec 4+u<
+ ng 1: ->o mu 4j 0hAm
MHCNNNH
U
Y >C@
M
Z .HCNN1
M
> Y MNH
U
C@
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang ##
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
+ ng 2: 9ung 95ch mu 4j 0hQm
MCH
M
CNNNH
#
Y >C@
M
Z .CH
M
CNN1
M
> Y MNH
U
C@
+ ng 3: -hFng 3Oy :a )hTn Jng<
+ ng 4: -,0 08a mu n^u
C
O
O
COONH
4
OH
>C@
M
OH
MNH
U
C@
M
C
O
O
OH
C
O O
HO
Fe
T#- %.#/01 g! "#O% ,/0: +*/' *+*,)G&E/* 67 N#<%)E
Cho =o # Ing nghim:
+ ng 1: $2Km@ )h>no@ @jng
+ ng 2: $2Km@ aci9 a3>0ic
Cho =o mEi Ing nghim 1m@ Na
#
CN
M
1$t @ec 4+u:
+
ng 1: -hFng )hTn Jng2 c hin 0BCng 0ch @L)< Rh>no@ c 06nh aci9 nhBng :70
y,u .y,u hn H
#
CN
M
12 -hFng @m 4j `u 06m2 -hFng hma 0an 4BCc muIi
cac;ona02 9ung 95ch 0ch @L) @ 9o Na
#
CN
M
-hFng 0an 0:ong )h>no@<
+
ng 2: c hin 0BCng 3u70 hin nhi+u ;d0 -h62-hFng mu2 -hFng mVi< RhTn Jng
3Ty :a 9o CHMCNNH c 06nh a3i0 m\nh hn Na
#
CN
M<
#CH
M
CNNH Y Na
#
CN
M
Z #CH
M
CNNNa Y CN
#
} Y H
#
N<
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang #M
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
BO CO THC HNH HO HU C
BI H: AMIN h AMINO ACID h "ROTIT h CHT BiO h X "HjNG
Nhm Thc Hin: Nhm 1
Ngy Thc Hnh: u!1$!#$$"
%i&m '(i )h*
I. MC CH TH NGHIM!

T6nh ;a?o c8a amin2 )hTn Jng 0\o )hJc =Li Cu

#Y

RhTn Jng c8a aminoaci9 =Li Cu

#Y

RhTn Jng =Li HNN

#

T6nh 4m c8a ):o0i0

Th8y )h^n ch70 ;fo ;Dng NaNH2 4i+u ch, 3 )hmng

%i+u ch, ch70 0Qy :a

T6nh ch70 c8a 3 )hmng = )hTn Jng 0Qy :a 0nng hC)

II. BO CO TH NGHIM!
T#- %.#/01 2! :-%# *#>: *D+ 1<:&E +1/%
+. T-%# ,+I^
Thao 0c: cho =o Ing nghim $21m@ m>0y@ amin2 nhj =o 9ung 95ch 1 gid0 RR
Hin 0BCng: 9ung 95ch chuy&n mu 0v -hFng mu Pang mu 4j 06m
C
O
CO
HO OH
C
O
CO
O O
RR
#CH
M
NH
# #CH
M
NH
M
Do 0:*n N c cl) >@>c0:on 0 9o chBa 0ham gia @i*n -,0 c -hT nXng nhln ):o0on H
Y
n*n
amin c 06nh ;a?< %Ii =Li m>0y@amin nhm qCH
M
c hiu Jng cTm Y~ mang -hT nXng
4Qy >@>c0:on Z @m ml0 4W >@>c0:on 0:*n N 0Xng Z -hT nXng -,0 hC) ):o0on H
Y
0Xng
Z 06nh ;a? 0Xng = 06nh ;a? m\nh hn NH
M
<
RhTn Jng 0h8y )h^n 0:ong nBLc c8a amin:
CH
M
NH
#
Y HNH CH
M
NH
M
Y
NH
!
CH
M
NH
M
Y
Y NH
!
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang #U
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
,. "#?% @%. 6Q/ C4cO
F
!
Thao 0c: Cho $21m@ m>0y@amin Y $21m@ CuSN
U
#N Z 0i,) 0ac cho m>0y@amin =o 4,n
-hi -,0 08a 0an h,0<
Ta 0h7y 9ung 95ch 3u70 hin -,0 08a 3anh 4lm c8a Cu.NH1
#
2 9o CuSN
U
0\o -,0 08a
0:ong mFi 0:B(ng ;a? c8a m>0y@amin
#CH
M
NH
M
Y
NH
!
Y CuSN
U
Cu.NH1
#
Y CH
M
NH
M
Y

#
SN
U
nhBng Pau -hi cho 0i,) m>0y@amin -,0 08a 0an @\i hSnh 0hnh 9ung 95ch 3anh 9Bng 06m<
Do -hT nXng 0\o )hJc c8a amin =Li ion Cu
#Y
0:ong 9ung 95ch ;a?2 c mu 3anh 06m
n*n 08a 0\o :a 0an @\i -hi 0i,) 0ac cho m>0y@amin =o<
*. "#?% @%. 6Q/ ]<CE
C

Thao 0c: cho =o Ing nghim $21m@ m>0y@amin2 0i,) 0ac cho =o $21m@ >C@
M
$21N<
Hin 0BCng 3u70 hin -,0 08a n^u 4j
S 4[ )hTn Jng:
>C@
M
Y MCH
M
NH
Y
M
NH
!
MCH
M
NH
Y
M
C@
!
Y >.NH1
M
y
n^u 4j
Do m>0y@amin -hFng c )hTn Jng 0\o )hJc =Li >.NH1
M
n*n 08a Pw -hFng 0an @\i Pau
)hTn Jng<
T#- %.#/01 2! "#?% @%. *D+ +*/' +1/%)+G<::/* X.E&G/%Y 6Q/ *#>: *#k :#R 174 67
6Q/ C4O
+Y "#?% @%. *D+ +*/' +1/%)+G<::/* X.E&G/%Y 6Q/ *#>: *#k :#R 174
Cho =o M Ing nghim: mEi Ing 1m@ NH
#
CH
M
CNNH #t<
ng 1 nhj =o # gid0 m>0y@ 9a cam : 9ung 95ch c mu =ng 4ni mu -hFng 4ng -&<
.-hoTng chuy&n mu c8a m>0y@ 9a cam @ M<1! U<U1
N N (H
3
C)
2
N SO
3
Na
/>0y@ 9a cam
ng 2 nhj =o # gid0 m>0y@ 4j: 9ung 95ch chuy&n mu 0v mu 4j Pang =ng<rhoTng
chuy&n mu c8a m>0y@ 4j @ U<U q s<#2 gcn =Li =Li -hoTng )H c8a 9ung 95ch hn
.NH
#
CH
M
CNNH 0hB(ng gcn 0:ung 06nh1 n*n P chuy&n mu 0h& hin :o hn<
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang #K
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
N N N(CH
3
)
2
COOH
/>0y@ 4j
ng 3 nhj =o # 9ung 95ch `u: 9ung 95ch `u c mu 3anh chuy&n Pang =ng< Do
9ung 95ch `u c -hoTng 4ni mu 0v K<$ q u<$2 0\i )Hx u `u c mu 3anh2 = mu 4j
0\i )Hx K2$ n*n `u c mu 0ung gian c8a 4j = 3anh 9o -hoTng )H c8a 9ung 95ch
nDm gia -hoTng K<$! u<$ .gcn ;Dng 1
NhB =ly2 g@y3in @ ch70 0[n 0\i cT hai 06nh ch70 @ aci9 = ;a?2 gcn nhB @ c )hTn Jng
0:ung 06nh2 hay )hTn Jng aci9 :70 y,u< `ua )hf) chuQn 4W ;Dng 0huIc 0hb mu cho 0h7y
g@y3in c chH PI )H -hoTng s2u<
= G/?/ :#-*#! Do 0:ong 9ung 95ch2 )h^n 0b g@y3in 0[n 0\i 9\ng @Bng cc a3i0 = ;a?
n*n 0:ong 9ung 95ch2 g@y3in 0[n 0\i _ 9\ng H
M
N
Y
!CH
#
!CNN
!

,. "#?% @%. *D+ +*/' +1/%)+G<::/* X.E&(/%Y 6Q/ C4O
Cho $2K gam CuN = # gid0 g@y3in #t =o Ing nghim Z @ec = 4un nng =i )hG0 :[i
4h0 0:*n gi 4& cho CuN 9B @eng 3uIng<
Hin 0BCng: cho 0inh 0h& muIi )hJc nWi c8a 4[ng c mu 3anh
Cing nhB cc aci9 cac;o3y@ic -hc cc aminoaci9 c 0h& 0\o muIi =Li ;a?o m\nh<
Ngoi cc muIi 0hB(ng cc !aminoaci9 c 0h& 0\o )hJc nWi )h^n 0b =Li -im @o\i
nhng2 )hJc ny :70 ;+n<
NH
2
H
2
C
COOH
Cu
#Y
N
H
2
H
2
C
OC
H
2
N
CH
2
C
O
O
O
Cu
Nhln 3f0: 4^y @ mu 3anh 4hc 0:Bng cho 070 cT cc !aminoa3i0
Do muIi )hJc :70 ;+n -hFng ;5 )h^n h8y ;_i -i+m n*n cho 1!# gid0 9ung 95ch NaNH
1t =o Ing nghim chJa $2Km@ 9ung 95ch 0:*n P] -hFng 0\o 08a Cu.NH1
#
< N,u c 0\o
08a 0hS 9o 9ung 95ch 0:ong Ing nghim c @An CuN ;an 4cu )hTn Jng 9B<
rhi g\n @7y 9ung 95ch cmn @\i cho =o Ing nghim -hc = @m @\nh 0:ong cc nBLc 4
0:Wn =Li NaNH 0hS mu 3anh 9ung 95ch 4lm hn2 3anh PAm2 )hTn Jng 9& 3Ty :a2 )hJc
0\o ;+n hn<
T#- %.#/01 C! "#?% @%. *D+ .E&G/% 6Q/ +*/' %/:(^ XHNO
2
Y
Cho =o Ing nghim 1m@ g@y3in 1$t2 1m@ 9ung 95ch NaNN
#
1$t = # gid0 aci9 a3>0ic
4hc<
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang #s
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
Hin 0BCng 3Ty :a @ 3u70 hin P8i ;d0 -h6 -hFng mVi2 Ing 0ja nhi02 9ung 95ch c mu
=ng
RhTn Jng 4cu 0i*n 3Ty :a 0:ong hnn hC) @ P 0\o 0hnh HNN
#
:
NaNN
#
Y CH
M
CNNH Z CH
M
CNNNa Y HNN
#
Do 4 )hTn Jng c8a hnn hC) P] 3Ty :a 0:ong mFi 0:B(ng aci9 -,0 `uT @ nhm
cac;o3y@ -hFng ion ha2 nhm amino ):o0on ha:
H
#
NCH
#
CNNH Y HNNN Z HNCH
M
CNNH Y N
#
} Y H
#
N
Nhln 3f0: )hTn Jng giTi )hng -h62 9Vng 4& nhln ;i,0 amin ;lc ~2 nhln ;i,0 ;Dng P
giTi )hng N
#
0:ong )hTn Jng = -hT nXng 0\o :BCu ;lc ~ .4Ii =Li amin ;lc ~~2 4 @
an9>hi01< T:\ng 0hi ion ha c8a cc nhm ny 0Vy 0huWc =o )H c8a mFi 0:B(ng<
T:ong mFi 0:B(ng a3i0 .)H 1 nhm cac;o3y@ -hFng ion ha2 nhm amino ):o0on
ha< Cmn 0:ong mFi 0:B(ng -i+m .)H 1 nhm cac;o3y@ ion ha2 nhm amino -hFng
ion ha<
T#- %.#/01 F!T-%# 801 *D+ N():/:
ChuQn ;5 9ung 95ch ):o0>in .9ung 95ch @mng 0:eng 0:Jng1
Rh^n 0b ):o0i0 g[m cc m\ch 9i .cc chuni1 )o@i )>0i9> hC) 0hnh<
Cc ):o0i0 -hi 0h8y )h^n cho cc aminoa3i0 = mW0 0hnh )hcn -hc -hFng )hTi ):o0i0
.)hi ):o0i01 nhB g@u3i02 @i)i02 aci9 nu@>o0ic{ TBng 0 aminoa3i02 ):o0>in c 06nh ch70
4in @i @Bng 06nh< TVy 0h>o )H c8a mFi 0:B(ng2 4in 06ch c8a cc )h^n 0b ):o0>in cing
0hay 4ni
DBLi 0c 9ang c8a mFi 0:B(ng aci9 hay ;a?o2 ):o0i0 ;5 0h8y )h^n ha:
R:o0i0
H
#
N
cc )o@i )>)0i0
H
#
N
)>)0i0
H
#
N
amino aci9
H
N
H
C
R
C
O
n
nH
#
N
H
Y
hay NH
!
H
2
N
H
C C
R
O
OH n
+. T()%. 1A/ :(Vl%. +*/'
ng nghim 1: nhj =i gid0 m>0y@ 9a cam =o $21m@ HC@ $21N c 1m@ nBLc c70 0hS
mu 9ung 95ch 0:_ 0hnh h[ng
ng nghim 2: cho =o Ing nghim -hoTng #!M m@ ):o0ic = 1m@ 9ung 95ch _ Ing 1 0v
n^u 4j chuy&n Pang cam =ng<
Nhln 3f0: 0:ong mFi 0:B(ng aci9 0hS ):o0i0 =va 0h8y )h^n 0\o amino aci9 c nhm
cac;o3y@ -hFng ion ha2 nhm amino ):o0on ha<
,. T()%. 1A/ :(Vl%. S/31
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang #
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
ng nghim 3: cho $21m@ NaNH $21N cho 0h*m nBLc c702 @ec 4+u = cho 0h*m #!M gid0
RR Z9ung 95ch nhuIm mu h[ng
ng nghim 4: cho =o Ing nghim -hoTng #!M m@ ):o0i0 = 1m@ 9ung 95ch _ Ing M
Z mu h[ng hi nh\0
Nhln 3f0: 0:ong mFi 0:B(ng ;a?o 0hS ):o0i0 =va 0h8y )h^n 0\o amino aci9 c nhm
cac;o3y@ ion ha2 nhm amino -hFng ion ha<
= G/?/ :#-*# :-%# *#>: 801 *D+ N():/:! 9o ):o0i0 ;5 0h8y )h^n ha 0:ong mFi 0:B(ng
a3i0 hay ;a? 0\o 0hnh cc amin2 nhng amin ny mang 06nh ch70 @Bng 06nh 9o c
4[ng 0h(i nhm !NH
#
= qCNNH2 0\o 0hnh mW0 h 4m @m cho )H 9ung 95ch 60 0hay
4ni -hi 0a 0h*m mW0 @BCng a3i0 hohc ;a? =o n*n -hT nXng 0hay 4ni mu c8a 0huIc
0hb 0h>o )H ;5 h\n ch,
T#- %.#/01 H!C;* N#?% @%. 174 *D+ N():/:
+. "#?% @%. ,/4(<
Thao 0c: .1m@ ):o0i0 Y 1m@ NaNH M$t Y 1 gid0 CuSN
U
1
Hin 0BCng: 0\o 0hnh )hJc ch70 mu 06m 4j
T:ong mFi 0:B(ng NH
!
):o0i0 c )hTn Jng 0h8y )h^n 0\o aminoaci9 Pau 4 0ham gia
)hTn Jng 0\o )hJc =Li Cu
#Y
:
H
2
N
H
C C
R
O
O
H
2
N
HC
C
R
O
O
N
H
2
CH
C
R
O
O
Cu
Cu
#Y
#
RhJc mu 06m 4j
Nhln 3f0: T:ong 4 )hJc ch70 4BCc 0\o :a gia Cu @i*n -,0 0:c 0i,) =Li # N3i = 0\o
@i*n -,0 hi9:o =Li # Ni0<
%^y @ )hTn Jng 4hc 0:Bng c8a @i*n -,0 )>)>0i9> .!CNNH!12 070 cT cc ch70 c 0v # @i*n
-,0 )>)0i0 0:_ n*n 4+u cho )hTn Jng ny<
,. "#?% @%. %/%#/'(/%
Thao 0c: .1m@ ):o0i0 Y #!M gid0 ninhi9:in1 @ec = 4un PFi =i )hG0<
Hin 0BCng: 0\o 0hnh hC) ch70 mu 3anh 06m
Ninhi9:in @ h9:a0 c8a 0:i>30ohi9:in9>n< RhTn Jng =Li aminoaci9 ;Dng )hTn Jng
9>amin o3i ha c8a aminoaci9 =Li ninhi9:in cho PTn )hQm muIi mu 06m:
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang #u
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
O
O
O
H
C COOH H
2
N
R
H
#
N
N
O
O
H
C COOH
R
C
#
N
N
O
O
C
H
R
H
#
N
NH
2
O
O
pCHN
O
O
O
H
#
N
N
O
O
O
O
H
Y
N
O
O
O
O
mu 06m
Nhln 3f0: cc a@)ha a3i0 amin c8a ):o0>in 0ham gia )hTn Jng =Li ninhi9:in2 )hTn Jng
chung @ )hTn Jng c P 0ham gia c8a cT hai nhm !CNNH = !NH
#
< DVng 4& 45nh
06nh2 45nh @BCng ):o0>in
*. "#?% @%. G+%:)N():</%
Cho =o Ing nghim 1m@ ):o0i0 = $2#!$2Mm@ HNN
M
4hc2 @ec nhk -,0 08a 9\ng ->o
mu =ng
%un nng hEn hC) PFi 0:ong -hoOng 1!# )hG0 ):o0i0 0an :a = P] cho mu 4hc 0:Bng
c8a hnn hC) @ mu =ng Png<
RhTn Jng ni0:o ha 0i:io?in:
OH
H
2
C
H
C COOH
NH
2
Y#HNN
M
!H
#
N
OH
H
2
C
H
C COOH
NH
2
NO
2
O
2
N
=ng Png
RhTn Jng 3an0o):o0>in cho mu =ng Png2 9Vng 4& nhln :a P c mh0 aminoaci9 chJa
=mng 0hm 0:ong )h^n 0b ):o0i0 hay )o@i )>)0i0< /u =ng Pinh :a 9o cc hC) ch70
)o@ini0:o 4BCc 0\o 0hnh nh( )hTn Jng ni0:o ha 0:*n<
'm nguWi hnn hC) cho =o 0vng gid0 NaNH M$t .-hoTng #m@1 cho mu 9a cam2
@ec m\nh 0a 4BCc mu 4j .ngT 9a cam1<
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang #"
Dcu 9va )hmng
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
OH
H
2
C
H
C COOH
NH
2
NO
2
O
2
N
=ng Png
O
H
2
C
H
C COOH
NH
2
O
2
N N
O
OH
#NaNH
!#H
#
N
O
H
2
C
H
C COONa
NH
2
O
2
N N
O
ONa
=ng 9a cam
T:ong mFi 0:B(ng -i+m2 mu =ng Png chuy&n 0hnh mu 4j cam2 9o 0\o 0hnh anion
mang mu<
T#- %.#/01 K! /34 *#5 G7 N#m%.
= T#+) :;* 8/34 *#5!
Cho =o >:@>n c 9ung 06ch #K$m@2 -hoTng #2Kg NaNH :en = 2Km@ >0ano@ "st2 cho
0i,) 2K m@ nBLc 4& hma 0an NaNH .9o >0ano@ -hFng 0c 9ang 4BCc =Li NaNH =
-hFng 0an 0:ong nBLc1
Cho 0i,) 2K gam 9cu 9va = 0h*m =i =i*n 4 ;d0 Z 4un -hoTng # gi(2 0:ong `u 0:Snh
4un ccn -hu7y hnn hC) ;Dng 48a 0h8y 0inh2 4>m 4un Pau mW0 0h(i gian Z 9\ng 08a
0:eng hi =ng
Y G/?/ :#-*#!
Dcu 9va 0an :70 60 0:ong nBLc nhBng @\i 0an 0I0 0:ong aco@ n*n 0a cho >0ano@ =o @m
0Xng -hT nXng 0an c8a 9cu 9va<
Dcu 9va .c gIc Hi9:o cac;on 9ao 4Wng 0v C
u
q C
1#
1 0Jc @i)i0 cmn gdi @ ch70 ;fo2
c -hT nXng 0h8y )h^n 0:ong mFi 0:B(ng -i+m .)hTn Jng 3 )hmng ha >P0>1 HEn
hC) muIi na0:i c8a cc a3i0 ;fo 4BCc gdi @ 3 )hmng<
S 4[ )hTn Jng:
CH
2
CH
OOC
CH
2
OOC
OOC
R
R'
R''
CH
2
CH
OOC
CH
2
OOC
OOC
Na
Na
Na
MNaNH
R
R'
R''
OH
OH
OH
0
o
C ch, )hTn Jng:
R C
O
OR'
NH
!
R C
O
-
OH
OR'
R C OH
O
pN
!
R COO
-
pNH
rhi Pb 9ang ch70 ;fo 4& 0nng hC) 3 )hmng Z0\o :a # @o\i2 4 @: 3 )hmng m+m
.chJa na0:i1 = 3 )hmng cJng .chJa -a@i1< )hmng m+m cho cTm gic 0:n -hi 0i,)
3Gc2 hSnh 0hnh ;d0 -hi 0:Wn chung 0:ong nBLc2 = @m P\ch<
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang M$
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
T:ong `u 0:Snh )hTn Jng 0\o 3 )hmng2 @uFn -h7y hEn hC) )hTn Jng2 4Tm ;To PTn
)hQm )hTn Jng -hFng ;5 ;n cac< Sau -hi -hu7y @i*n 0ac 0:ong #h2 0:ong >:@>n @Gc ny
@ 3 )hmng -,0 0inh c mu 0:eng<
Ti,) 0h>o2 hma 0an 1M gam NaC@ 0:ong Km@ nBLc 0:ong ;>ch>: #K$m@2 :0 0on ;W PTn
)hQm 3 )hmng ha cmn nng =o ;>ch>: ny< DVng 48a 0h8y 0inh -hu7y 0:ong -hoTng
#!M )hG0<
HEn hC) cc muIi na0:i .3 )hmng1 Pinh :a _ 0:\ng 0hi ->o< /uIn 0ch 3 )hmng :a
-hji hEn hC) nBLc = g@i3>:in2 )hTi cho 0h*m muIi Xn =o 9ung 95ch< )hmng na0:i
:70 60 0an 0:ong nBLc muIi2 =S =ly chGng P] nni @*n 0hnh mW0 @L) 4Fng 4hc _ )h6a 0:*n<
'dc @7y 3 )hmng nni @*n ;Dng )h&u Bu:chn>: _ ) 3u70 0h7)2 0i,) 0ac :ba @\i ;Dng
nBLc @\nh #!M @cn .mEi @cn 1$ m@ nBLc1< ) @L) 3 )hmng 0hu 4BCc gia # @L) gi7y @dc
cho :o nBLc hon 0on<
Ngoi :a =ic cho muIi NaC@ =o 4& cI 45nh ion Na
Y
0:ong 3 )hmng<
T:ong nh my 4i+u ch, 3 )hmng cmn c cFng 4o\n 0ch = 0inh ch, g@i3>:in< Sau -hi
0ch 3 )hmng 9ung 95ch cmn @\i c chJa g@i3>:in muIi Xn = cc 0\) ch70 -hc<C 0h&
3b @6 ;Dng )hBng )h) ha hdc 0:BLc 4& @m -,0 08a 0\) ch702@dc :[i 4>m chBng c70
9BLi ) Pu70 0h7)< rhi 9ung 95ch 4O 4lm 4hc29Vng my @i 0^m 4& 0hu h[i muIi Xn20i,)
0ac c70 )h^n 4o\n 4& 0hu @7y g@i3>:in<
T#- %.#/01 M! /34 *#5 *#>: :n& (Z+
= C#>: :n& (Z+!
Do =ic 4i+u ch, 3 )hmng ;Dng @i)i0 c mW0 nhBCc 4i&m @ -hFng gih0 4BCc 0:ong
nBLc cJng =S n 0\o cc -,0 08a =Li cc ion can3i = magi* ;,0 @*n mh0 =Ti @m =Ti
chng mac Z 0nng hC)2 hC) ch70 -hFng )hTi @ muIi na0:i c8a a3i0 cac;o3y@ic2 nhBng
c 0c 9ang 0Qy :ba nhB 3 )hmng< Nhng hC) ch70 4 4BCc gdi @ cc ch70 0Qy :ba
0nng hC) .cmn gdi @ ;W0 gih0 0nng hC) hay 3 )hmng ;W01
Ch70 0Qy :ba 0nng hC) c 0hnh )hcn ch6nh @ Na0:i 0>0:a!):o)y@>n ;>n?>n Punona0
hohc 9o9>3y;>n?>n Punona0na0:i<
Ch70 0Qy :ba c c7u 0\o # )hcn:
! Rhcn Ba nBLc @ nhm )h^n cc: Suno qSN
M
H.!SN
M
Na1 =a # gIc Puna0 .SN
U
#!1
! Rhcn - nBLc g[m cc hy:ocac;on -hFng )h^n cc2 c 0h& @ cc gIc |@-y@2 |:y@2
|@-y@ a:y@2{
Rhcn - nBLc c c7u 0\o m\ch 0hng -hT nXng ho\0 4Wng ;+ mh0 0I0 hn m\ch nhnh
= 0hB(ng nhm c hEn hC) |@-y@ = |:y@ 0I0 hn |@-y@ hohc |:y@ 4n 0hucn<
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang M1
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
TVy 0h>o 4hc 06nh c8a nhm Ba nBLc ngB(i 0a chia cc ch70 ho\0 4Wng ;+ mh0 0nng hC)
0hnh M @o\i:
+ 'o\i |nion: Ch8 y,u c nhm SN
M
!
2 NSN
M
!
.! SN
M
Na2 ! NSN
M
Na1<
+ 'o\i Ca0ion: @ @o\i chJa nhm amin ;lc U

p N CH
3
Cl
-
CH
3
CH
2 C
6
H
5
+ 'o\i -hFng ion. 0:ung 06nh1: c nhm )h^n cc @ nhm qNH2 *0>2 >P0>2{
%i+u ch,: Cho cc a3i0 4BCc 0nng hC) 0v PTn )hQm 9cu mj =Li Na
#
CN
M
2 0a 0hu 4BCc
cc muIi c8a n
1# #K s U M M # #K s U M # #
# # 1 C H C H SO H NaCO C H C H SO Na H O CO + + +
= T#+) :;* :#- %.#/01!
Cho K gam '|S =o ;>:ch>: #K$m@2 -h7y 4+u = 0h*m 0v 0v 12M gam Na
#
CN
M
:en
-hu7y 0i,) K )hG0 = 4& y*n 0:ong 1$ )hG0<
CH
M
.CH
#
CH
#
1
"!1#
C
s
H
K
SN
M
H Y Na
#
CN
M
Z CH
M
.CH
#
CH
#
1
"!1#
C
s
H
K
SN
M
Na
ch70 0Qy
Y H
#
N Y
CN
#
}
RhTn Jng 0:*n cing c 0h& minh hda nhB Pau:
Hma 0an $2Km@ NaC@ 0:ong 1$m@ nBLc Z cho 0v 0v =o ;>:ch>: 0:*n 9o -hu7y nhk 0\o
0hnh nhi+u ;d0 n*n 9vng @\i 4Ci ;d0 @eng 3uIng mLi cho 0i,) 9ung 9ich NaC@ =o<
TBng 0 nhB )hTn Jng 4i+u ch, 3 )hmng2 0a cho muIi na0:i c@o:ua =o nhcm 0hu
4BCc ch70 0Qy :ba2 -hi ch70 0Qy :ba 60 0an 0:ong muIi nBLc = 0ch :a -hji hC) ch70 Z
nni @*n< V 9Vng muIi 4& cI 45nh ion Na
Y
0:ong nhm qSN
M
Na
ri&m 0:a )H 9ung 95ch ;Dng gi7y `u2 0h7y cmn mu 4j 0a 0h*m 0v 0v 0vng @BCng nhj
Na
#
CN
M
:en 4,n @Gc gi7y )H chuy&n Pang hi 3anh<
Do nhm qSN
M
H @ nhm aci9 m\nh = nhm qSN
M
Na c 0c 9ang 0Qy :a = n*n 0a
)hTi -i+m ha 4,n -hi gi7y `u chuy&n Pang hi 3anh<
Thu h[i ch70 :en _ 9\ng P02 4>m P7y -hF 0hu 4BCc ch70 0Qy :a 0nng hC) 9\ng ;W0
0:eng<
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang M#
H
2
C S
O
OH
O
n
Y NaCN
M
H
2
C S
O
ONa
O
n
YH
#
NYCN
#
CH
3
CH
3
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
T#- %.#/01 e! T-%# *#>: *D+ G7 N#m%. 67 *#>: :n& (f+
+Y T-%# *#>: :_) %#o :V^%.
Nhi 0Bng @ mW0 h )h^n 0n cao c8a hai ch70 @jng m 0hFng 0hB(ng -hFng hma 0an
4BCc =Li nhau< Th& 0:ong .0h& 4BCc )h^n 0n1 @ cc gid0 nhj 4BCc )h^n 0n 0:ong 0h&
ngoi .ch70 )h^n 0n1< TVy 0h>o mFi 0:B(ng ch70 )h^n 0n m ngB(i 0a gdi 0h6 9a nhB @
nhi 0Bng nBLc 0:ong 9cu hay nhi 0Bng 9cu 0:ong nBLc<
'7y M Ing nghim mEi Ing 0h*m $2#m@ 9cu 9va< V cho 0i,) =o:
ng 1: Km@ nBLc c70 nhi 0Bng nBLc
Dcu 9va c 1 4cu Ba nBLc qNCN!CH
#
! P] 4i =o nBLc2 4cu cmn @\i @ gIc p - nBLc
nDm 0:*n ;+ mh0 nBLc nhi 0Bng nBLc
ng 2: Km@ nBLc 3 )hmng nhi 0Bng 9cu 0:ong nBLc
T:Wn 3 )hmng =Li ch70 hu c 0hS 4cu - nBLc c8a 3 )hmng gIc .p1 P] `uay =+ )h6a
ch70 hu c ;ao ;dc @7y ch70 hu c2 cmn 4cu Ba nBLc P] hBLng :a ngoi< N @m giTm
PJc cXng ;+ mh0 c8a ch70 hu c< T:ong nBLc cc nhm Ba nBLc P] @Fi -fo ch70 hu c
-hu,ch 0n =o 9ung 95ch 3 )hmng = 0:Fi 0h>o nBLc
ng 3: Km@ nBLc ch70 0Qy :a 0Bng 0 nhB 3 )hmng ch70 0Qy :ba cing 0\o :a
nhi 0Bng 9cu 0:ong nBLc nhBng nhm Ba nBLc -hFng )hTi @ Na!NCNq na m @ q
SN
M
Na<
rhT nXng hSnh 0hnh nhi 0Bng )hmng = ch70 0Qy :ba 0nng hC) c 06nh ch70
ho\0 4Wng ;+ mh0 cao< ChGng c 0c 9ang @m giTm PJc cXng ;+ mh0 c8a cc =,0 ;Qn
9cu m_ ;m 0:*n =Ti<<< 9o 4 =,0 ;Qn 9cu m_ 4BCc )h^n chia 0hnh nhi+u )hcn nhj
hn = 4BCc )h^n 0n =o nBLc< NgB(i 0a 4O Pb 9ang -hT nXng 4 c8a 3 )hmng =
ch70 0Qy :ba 0nng hC) =o mac 46ch gih0 :ba<
,Y T-%# *#>: #)_: 8\%. :()%. %VQ* *@%.
Y '7y Km@ nBLc 3 )hmng cho =o M Ing nghim<
)hmng ;5 0h8y )h^n m\nh 0:ong nBLc:
C
1
H
MM
CNNNa Y H
#
N C
1
H
MM
CNNH Y NaNH
Nhm thc hin: Nhm1 T:ang MM
Bo Co Thc Hnh Ha Hu C GVHD: ThS Nguyn nh Nga
ng 1: #m@ 9ung 95ch CaC@
#
1t 0\o -,0 08a 0:eng Pa
#C
1
H
MM
CNNH Y Ca
#Y
Z .C
1
H
MM
CNN1
#
Ca Y #H
Y
ng 2: #m@ 9ung 95ch >C@
M
1t -,0 08a mu 4j n^u
>C@
M
Y MNH
!
Z >.NH1
M
y Y MC@
!
ng 3: #m@ 9ung 95ch /gC@
#
1t -,0 08a 0:eng Pa
#C
1
H
MM
CNNH Y /g
#Y
Z .C
1
H
MM
CNN1
#
/g Y #H
Y
Y '7y Km@ ch70 0Qy :a cho =o M Ing nghim<
RhTn Jng 4i+u ch, ch70 0Qy :a c mh0 Na
#
CN
M
= 9ung 95ch ny c 06nh ;a?o nh( -hT
nXng 0h8y )h^n 0:ong nBLc:
Na
#
CN
M
Z Na
Y
Y CN
M
#!
CN
M
#!
Y H
#
N HCN
M
!
Y NH
!
ng 1: #m@ 9ung 95ch CaC@
#
1t 3u70 hin -,0 08a 9ung 95ch 4ac
Ca
#Y
Y NH
!
Z Ca.NH1
#
y
=An 4ac
Ch70 0Qy :ba -hFng 0\o 08a =Li nBLc cJng
ng 2: #m@ 9ung 95ch >C@
M
1t -,0 08a =ng n^u
>
MY
Y NH
!
Z >.NH1
M
y
=ng n^u
Ch70 0Qy :a cing c -hT nXng )hTn Jng =Li >C@
M
nhBng 3f0 =+ P Bu 0i*n =ic 0\o
:a -,0 08a >.NH1
M
@ cao hn< GIc qSN
M
Na P] -fo >
MY
=+ )h6a mSnh 0\o 08a 0ch :a2 =
cmn muIi pC@ 0an 06nh 0Ay :a<
ng 3: #m@ 9ung 95ch /gC@
#
1t 3u70 hin -,0 08a Z 9ung 95ch 4ac
/g
#Y
Y NH
!
Z /g.NH1
#
y
=An 4ac
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