Trng THPT Trn i Ngha Chng 5 i cng v kim loi

Chng 5 : I CNG V KIM LOI

I. CHUN KIN THC K NNG
. K!"n #h$%
- V tr ca kim loi trong bng tun hon, tnh cht vt l ca kim loi.
- Tnh cht ho hc !"c tr#ng ca kim loi l tnh kh$ %kh$ &hi kim, ion '
(
trong n#)c, *ung *ch
a+it, ion kim loi trong *ung *ch mu,i, m-t ., a+it c/ tnh o+i ho mnh0.
- 1hi ni2m, tnh cht v 3ng *4ng ca h5& kim.
- 6nh ngh7a c"& o+i ho - kh$, .ut !i2n !-ng chu8n ca &in !i2n ho.
- Th9 !i2n c:c chu8n ca c"& ion kim loi; kim loi, *<= th9 !i2n c:c chu8n ca kim loi v >
ngh7a ca *<= !i2n ho chu8n.
- 1hi ni2m v? .: !i2n &h@n, bn cht cc &hn 3ng += ra trAn cc !i2n c:c v 3ng *4ng ca .:
!i2n &h@n.
- Bc khi ni2mC Dn mEn kim loi, Dn mEn ho hc, Dn mEn !i2n ho.
v !i?u ki2n += ra .: Dn mEn kim loi.
- Bc bi2n &h& ch,ng Dn mEn kim loi.
- Fgu=An tGc chung v cc &h#Hng &h& !i?u ch9 kim loiC Ih#Hng &h& !i2n &h@n , nhi2t lu=2n,
thuJ lu=2n.
- 6nh lut Kara!a= v biLu th3c tnh kh,i l#5ng cc cht thu !#5c M cc !i2n c:c.
&. K' n(ng
- N:a vo cu hOnh PlPctron l)& ngoi cQng v cu to ca kim loi, *: !on tnh cht ho hc
!"c tr#ng ca kim loi.
- Vi9t cc IT'' minh ho tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi.
- Rc !nh tAn kim loi *:a vo ., li2u th:c nghi2m.
- Sii !#5c bi t&C Tnh T kh,i l#5ng kim loi trong hUn h5& cht &hn 3ng, m-t ., bi t& khc
c/ n-i *ung liAn Vuan.
- N: !on !#5c chi?u &hn 3ng o+i h/a - kh$ *:a vo *<= !i2n ho .
- Sii !#5c bi t&C Tnh .ut !i2n !-ng chu8n ca &in !i2n ho, WT khc c/ n-i *ung liAn Vuan.
- Vi9t .H !X !i2n &h@n, &hn 3ng += ra M mUi !i2n c:c v &h#Hng trOnh ho hc ca .: !i2n &h@n
trong m-t ., tr#Yng h5& !Hn gin.
- Ih@n bi2t !#5c Dn mEn ho hc v Dn mEn !i2n ho M m-t ., hi2n t#5ng th:c t9.
- Z$ *4ng v bo Vun h5& l m-t ., !X *Qng b[ng kim loi v h5& kim *:a vo nh\ng !"c tnh
ca ch]ng.
- ^:a chn !#5c &h#Hng &h& !i?u ch9 kim loi c4 thL cho &hQ h5&.
- _uan .t th nghi2m, hOnh nh, .H !X... !L r]t ra nhn +`t v? &h#Hng &h& !i?u ch9 kim loi.
- Vi9t cc IT'' !i?u ch9 kim loi c4 thL.
- Sii !#5c bi t&C Tnh kh,i l#5ng kim loi bm trAn cc !i2n c:c ho"c cc !i l#5ng c/ liAn
Vuan *:a vo cang th3c Kara!a=, bi t& khc c/ liAn Vuan.
). K!"n #h$% #*+ng #,-:
- Tnh cht vt l, h/a hc chung ca kim loi.
- 1hi ni2m v 3ng *4ng ca h5& kim.
- N<= !i2n h/a ca kim loi v > ngh7a ca n/.
- Wn cht &hn 3ng += ra trAn cc !i2n c:c v cc tr#Yng h5& !i2n &h@n.
- bn mEn !i2n h/a hc v ch,ng Dn mEn b[ng &h#Hng &h& bo v2 !i2n h/a.
- Bc &h#Hng &h& !i?u ch9 kim loi.
II. ./I T01 T23C NGHI4M
5. CHNG T26NH CHUN:
7 M$% 89 :!"#
C,; . B@u no .au !@= khang !]ng
c. Z, PlPctron M l)& ngoi cQng ca ngu=An t$ &hi kim th#Yng c/ td e !9n fP.
W. Trong cQng nh/m, ., PlPctron ngoi cQng ca cc ngu=An t$ th#Yng b[ng nhau
B. Z, PlPctron M l)& ngoi cQng ca ngu=An t$ kim loi th#Yng c/ t %g !9n hP0.
N. Trong cQng chu ki, ngu=An t$ kim loi c/ bn knh nhj hHn ngu=An t$ &hi kim
1
Trng THPT Trn i Ngha Chng 5 i cng v kim loi
C,; &. 1im loi *kn nhi2t, *kn !i2n t,t nht l C
c. cg W. Bu B. cl N. cu
C,; ). Tnh cht vt l> no *#)i !@= ca kim loi khang &hi *o cc PlPctron t: *o g@= ral
c. mnh kim W. Tnh c3ng B. Tinh *no N. Tnh *kn !i2n v nhi2t
C,; <. Trong ., cc kim loi .au kim loi c/ tnh *no nht lC
c. cg W. cu B. cu N. It
C,; 5. Trong ., cc kim loi .au C Br, KP, Bu, o. 1im loi c/ !- c3ng l)n nht l C
c. Br W. o B. KP N. Bu
C,; =. Vonpam %o0 th#Yng !#5c *Qng !L ch9 to *@= t/c b/ng !qn. Fgu=An nh@n chnh l *o
c. o l kim loi rt *no W. o c/ kh nDng *kn !i2n t,t
B. o l kim loi nhr N. o c/ nhi2t !- n/ng ch= cao
C,; >. Tnh cht h/a hc chung ca kim loi l C
c. Ns nhn PlPctron. W. Ns cho &roton
B. Ns b kh$ N. Ns b o+i h/a
C,; ?. ThuJ ng@n *s ba= hHi v rt !-c. F9u chtng ma= nhi2t k9 thuJ ng@n b vu thO cht c/ thL
*Qng !L kh$ thuJ ng@n lC
c. b-t KP W. b-t l#u huinh B. n#)c N. natri
C,; @. 1im loi Bu &hn 3ng !#5c v)i C
%v0 *ung *ch cgFw
h
. %vv0 *ung *ch 'Bl !, t
o
.
%vvv0 *ung *ch KPBl
h
. %vV0 *ung *ch clBl
h
.
c. v, vv !]ng. W. v, vvv !]ng. B. vv, vvv !]ng. N. vv, vV !]ng.
C,; A. Ihn 3ngC KP ( xKPBl
h
hKPBl
x
cho th=C
c. 1im loi .Gt c/ thL tc *4ng v)i mu,i .Gt. W. KP
h(
b KP kh$ thnh KP
x(
.
B. KP
h(
b o+i h/a thnh KP
x(
. N. KP
x(
o+i h/a KP thnh KP
h(
.
C,; . Bho e c"& o+i h/a B kh$C KP
x(
;KP y KP
h(
;KP
x(
, cg
(
;cg y Bu
x(
;Bu. N<= c"& +9& thPo chi?u tDng
*n v? tnh o+i ho v gim *n v? tnh kh$ lC
c. Bu
x(
;Buy KP
x(
;KP y KP
h(
;KP
x(
, cg
(
;cg W. KP
h(
;KP
x(
, KP
x(
;KP y cg
(
;cgy Bu
x(
;Bu
B. cg
(
;cgy KP
h(
;KP
x(
, Bu
x(
;Buy KP
x(
;KP N. KP
x(
;KP y Bu
x(
;Buy KP
h(
;KP
x(
, cg
(
;cg
C,; &. Z: &h huJ kim loi ho"c h5& kim *o tc *4ng h/a hc ca mai tr#Yng +ung Vuanh gi l C
c. Z: Dn mEn h/a hc. W. Z: Dn mEn kim loi.
B. Z: Dn mEn !i2n h/a. N. Z: kh$ kim loi.
C,; ). z-t vt !#5c ch9 to td h5& kim {n-Bu !L trong khang kh 8m. Vt b Dn mEn !i2n h/a.
Bhn n-i *ung khang chnh +cC
c. Vt b Dn mEn !i2n h/a vO thja h !i?u ki2n Dn mEn !i2n h/a.
W. 6Xng !/ng vai trE lm c:c @m v b Dn mEn tr#)c.
B. {n b o+i h/a thnh ion {n
x(
.
N. '
(
b kh$ thnh kh '
x
.
C,; <. 6i2n &h@n v)i !i2n c:c trH, mng ngDn +,& m-t *ung *ch ch3a cc ion KP
x(
, KP
h(
, Bu
x(
,
Bl
-
. Th3 t: !i2n &h@n += ra M catat lC
c. KP
x(
, KP
h(
, Bu
x(
W. KP
x(
, Bu
x(
, KP
h(

B. KP
h(
, Bu
x(
, KP
x(
N. KP
h(
, KP
x(
, Bu
x(
C,; 5. 1im loi no .au !@= kh$ !#5c n#)c M nhi2t !- th#Yng
%g0 cl %x0 KP %h0 Wa %e0 Bu %|0 cg %}0 zg %f0 Fa %~0 B.
c. h, f, ~. W. g, x, h, f. B. g, h, }, f, ~. N. x, e, |, f, ~.
C,; =. z-t h5& kim gXm cc kim loi .auC cg, {n, KP, Bu. '/a cht c/ thL hEa tan hon ton h5&
kim trAn thnh *ung *ch lC
c. *ung *ch Faw' W. *ung *ch '
x
Zw
e
!"c ngu-i
B. *ung *ch 'Bl N. *ung *ch 'Fw
h
lo<ng
C,; >. von z
h(
c/ cu hOnh PlPctron l)& ngoi cQng l h.
x
h&
}
h*
|
. Fgu=An t$ z l C
c. KP W. Br B. zn N. Wr
C,; ?. B/ cc kim loi zg, Fi, Zn, Bu. 1im loi no c/ thL *Qng !L bo v2 !i2n h/a vj tu biLn
lm b[ng th`&.
c. Fi W. {n B. Zn N. Bu
C,; @. Bho cc &h#Hng trOnh !i2n &h@n .au, &h#Hng trOnh vi9t .ai l
2
Trng THPT Trn i Ngha Chng 5 i cng v kim loi
c. ecgFw
h
( x'
x
w
*&**

ecg ( w
x
(e'Fw
h

W. xBuZw
e
( x'
x
w
*&**

xBu ( w
x
(x'
x
Zw
e

B. xzBl
n

*&nc

xz ( nBl
x

N. ezw'
*&nc

ez(x'
x
w
C,; &A. Tnh cht vt l> no *#)i !@= ca kim loi khang &hi *o cc PlPctron t: *o g@= ral
c. mnh kim. W. Tnh *no. B. Tnh c3ng. N. Tnh *kn !i2n v nhi2t.
C,; &. Si\ cho b? m"t kim loi luan luan .ch , khang c/ bQn !t bm vo l m-t bi2n &h& !L bo
v2 kim loi khang b Dn mEn. '<= cho bi9t nh# v= l !< & *4ng &h#Hng &h& ch,ng Dn mEn no
.au !@=.
c. Bch li kim loi v)i mai tr#Yng. W. NQng &h#Hng &h& !i2n ho.
B. NQng &h#Hng &h& bi9n !i ho hc l)& b? m"t. N. NQng &h#Hng &h& &h.
C,; &&. N<= kim loi no .au !@= !#5c !i?u ch9 b[ng &h#Hng &h& nhi2t lu=2nl
c. Bu, Fa, cl W. cl, {n, KP B.KP, Br, Bu N. 1, zg, {n.
C,; &). 1im loi no .au !@= c/ thL !8= .Gt ra khji *ung *ch mu,i KP%Fw
h
0
x
l
c. Fi W. Zn B. {n N. Bu
C,; &<. B@u no !]ng trong cc c@u .au CTrong Dn mEn !i2n h/a, += ra
c. .: a+i h/a M c:c *#Hng B. .: a+i h/a M c:c *#Hng v .: kh$ M c:c @m
W. .: kh$ M c:c @m N. .: a+i h/a M c:c @m v .: kh$ M c:c *#Hng
7 M$% 89 h!C;:
B@u x|. Bho chuUi &hn 3ng .au %mUi mi tAn l g &hn 3ng 0
1im loi z ** mu,i R % trGng +anh0 { %n@u !j 0
z l kim loi no .au !@= C
c. Br W. KP B. Bu N. cl
C,; &=. B/ h mku h5& kimC KP cl, 1-Fa, Bu - zg. '/a cht c/ thL *Qng !L &h@n bi2t h mku h5&
kim n= lC
c. *ung *ch Faw' W. *ung *ch 'Bl
B. *ung *ch '
x
Zw
e
lo<ng N. *ung *ch zgBl
x
C,; &>. Bho thanh {n vo gml *ung *ch BuZw
e
gz . Zau khi k9t th]c &hn 3ng %' gT0
c. 1h,i l#5ng thanh kim loi tDng ,}eg. W. 1h,i l#5ng thanh kim loi gim ,gg.
B. 1h,i l#5ng thanh kim loi tDng ,}|g. N. 1h,i l#5ng thanh kim loi khang !i.
C,; &?. Bho cc kim loi cl, KP, Bu, Fa, cg, It, 'g. Trong ., cc kim loi trAn c/ bao nhiAu kim
loi &hn 3ng v)i *ung *ch BuZw
e
c. x W. h B. e N. |
C,; &@. Trong ., cc *ung *ch .au !@=, *ung *ch no !#5c *Qng tinh ch9 bc c/ lkn t& cht !Xng
.ao cho .au khi tinh ch9 kh,i l#5ng bc khang !i.
c. KP%Fw
h
0
h
W. cgFw
h
B. 'Bl N. 'Fw
h
.
C,; )A. 6L tch KP%Fw
h
0
x
c/ lkn t& cht Ib%Fw
h
0
x
, Zn%Fw
h
0
x
, Bu%Fw
h
0
x
, ng#Yi ta cho kim loi c
vda ! vo *ung *ch trAn, .au !/ lc bj k9t ta. c lC
c. Bu. W. Zn. B. Ib. N. KP.
C,; ). Fg@m m-t l l FikPn trong cc *ung *ch lo<ng cc mu,i .auC zgBl
x
y FaBly Bu%Fw
h
0
x
,
clBl
h
, {nBl
x
, Ib%Fw
h
0
x
. FikPn . kh$ !#5c cc mu,iC
c. clBl
h
, {nBl
x
, Ib%Fw
h
0
x
W. Bu%Fw
h
0
x
, Ib%Fw
h
0
x
B. zgBl
x
, FaBl, Bu%Fw
h
0
x
N. clBl
h
, zgBl
x
, Ib%Fw
h
0
x
C,; )&. Nung *ch KPZw
e
c/ lkn t& cht BuZw
e
. Ihi *Qng cht no *#)i !@= !L c/ thL loi bj !#5c
t& chtl
c. b-t KP *# W. b-t Bu *# B. b-t cl *# N. Fa *#
C,; )). Bho ba &h#Hng trOnh ion r]t gn .auC
a0 KP ( Bu
x(
Bu ( KP
x(

b0 Bu ( xKP
h(
Bu
x(
( xKP
x(

c0 KP
x(
( zg KP ( zg
x(

3
Trng THPT Trn i Ngha Chng 5 i cng v kim loi
c. Tnh kh$ caC zg KP
x(
Bu KP
W. Tnh kh$ caC zg KP KP
x(
Bu
B. Tnh o+i h/a caC Bu
x(
KP
h(
KP
x(
zg
x(
N. Tnh o+i h/a caC KP
h(
Bu
x(
KP
x(
zg
x(
C,; )<. Fh]ng g thanh {n vo ** ch3a ~,hxg B*Zw
e
.Zau khi kh$ hon ton B*
x(
kh,i l#5ng thanh
{n tDng x,h|T .o v)i ban !u. 1h,i l#5ng thanh {n ban !u lC
c. ~g W. }g B. eg N. xg
C,; )5. Bho e,x gam m-t kim loi tc *4ng v)i *ung *ch 'Fw
h
*# thu !#5c g,}~ l kh Fw *u=
nht M !ktc, lC
c. Br W. cl B. KP N. zg
C,; )=. Bho a gam hUn h5& S gXm zg, cl, {n vo *ung *ch 'Bl *# thO !#5c g,| mol '
x
. BEn n9u
cho a gam S vo *ung *ch 'Fw
h
lo<ng *# thO ., mol Fw thot ra lC
c. g,| mol W. g,x mol B. g mol N. ,~ mol
C,; )>. za t &hQ h5& v)i th nghi2m nh]ng thanh Bu %*#0 vo *ung *ch KPBl
h
lC
c. W? m"t thanh kim loi c/ mu trGng W. Nung *ch b td vng n@u Vua +anh
B. Nung *ch c/ mu vng n@u N. 1h,i l#5ng thanh kim loi tDng
C,; )?. Fg@m m-t l FikPn trong cc *ung *ch lo<ng cc mu,i .auC zgBl
x
, FaBl, Bu%Fw
h
0
x
, clBl
h
,
{nBl
x
, Ib%Fw
h
0
x
. FikPn . kh$ !#5c cc mu,i
c. clBl
h
, {nBl
x
, Ib%Fw
h
0
x
. W. clBl
h
, zgBl
x
, Ib%Fw
h
0
x
.
B. zgBl
x
, FaBl, Bu%Fw
h
0
x
N. Bu%Fw
h
0
x
, Ib%Fw
h
0
x
.
C,; )@. 6L o+i h/a kim loi z hon ton thnh o+it thO &hi *Qng m-t kh,i l#5ng o+i b[ng eT
kh,i l#5ng kim loi !< *Qng . 1im loi z l C
c. zg W. cl B. KP N. Ba
C,; <A. Bho cc cht rGn Bu , KP , cg v cc *ung *ch BuZw
e
, KPZw
e
, KP%Fw
h
0
h
. Z, &hn 3ng +=
ra tdng c"& cht m-t l C
c. g W. x B. h N. e
C,; <.6i2n &h@n ** no .au !@= thO thu !#5c *ung *ch a+itC
c. Fa
x
Zw
e
W. BuZw
e
B. BuBl
x
N. FaBl
C,; <&. za t no *#)i !@= khang &hQ h5& v)i th nghi2m nh]ng thanh KP vo *ung *ch BuZw
e
m-t thYi gianl
c. W? m"t thanh kim loi c/ mu !j W. Nung *ch b nht mu
B. Nung *ch c/ mu vng n@u N. 1h,i l#5ng thanh kim loi tDng
M$% 89 DEn FGng:
C,; <). Bho ,x mol KP vo *ung *ch hUn h5& ch3a ,x mol KP%Fw
h
0
h
v ,x mol cgFw
h
. 1hi &hn
3ng hon ton , ., mol KP%Fw
h
0
h
trong *ung *ch b[ng C
c. ,x mol W. ,h mol B. , mol N. ,| mol
C,; <<. Bho hUn h5& R gXm ,gx mol clo v ,gh mol o+i &hn 3ng vda h9t v)i hUn h5& gXm
magiA v nham to ra xg,gf gam hUn h5& cc mu,i clorua v o+t ca x kim loi . Thnh &hn T ca
nham thPo kh,i l#5ng trong l C
c. ff,fT W. xx,hT B. hh,}T N. ee,}T
C,; <5. Bho *ung *ch KP
x
%Zw
e
0
h
tc *4ng v)i kim loi Bu !#5c KPZw
e
v BuZw
e
. Bho *ung *ch
BuZw
e
tc *4ng v)i kim loi KP !#5c KPZw
e
v Bu. _ua cc &hn 3ng += ra ta th= tnh o+i ho ca
cc ion kim loi gim *n thPo *<= .au
c. Bu
x(
y KP
h(
y KP
x(
. W. KP
h(
y Bu
x(
y KP
x(
. B. Bu
x(
y KP
x(
y KP
h(
. N. KP
x(
y Bu
x(
y KP
h(
.
C,; <=. Bho hUn h5& b-t cl, KP vo *ung *ch ch3a Bu%Fw
h
0
x
v cgFw
h
. Zau khi cc &hn 3ng += ra hon
ton, thu !#5c hUn h5& rGn gXm ba kim loi lC
c. cl, KP, Bu. W. cl, KP, cg. B. cl, Bu, cg. N. KP, Bu, cg.
C,; <>. Bho kh Bw %*#0 !i vo ,ng .3 nung n/ng !:ng hUn h5& R gXm cl
x
w
h
, zgw, KP
h
w
e
, Buw
thu !#5c cht rGn . Bho vo *ung *ch Faw' %*#0, khu= k7, th= cEn li &hn khang tan {. Si
.$ cc &hn 3ng += ra hon ton. Ihn khang tan { gXm.
c. zgw, KP
h
w
e
, Bu. W. zgw, KP, Bu. B. zg, KP, Bu. N. zg, cl, KP, Bu.

Trng THPT Trn i Ngha Chng 5 i cng v kim loi

C,; <?. Bho ,x mol Bu v ,g mol KP
h
w
e
vo x ml *ung *ch 'Bl ,xz. Zau &hn 3ng, kh,i
l#5ng cht rGn thu !#5c l C
c. ,}e gam W. x,gx gam B. g,x~ gam N. ,fe} gam
C,; <@. Bho m-t thanh cl ti9& +]c v)i g thanh {n trong ** 'Bl, . Vuan .t !#5c hi2n t#5ngC
c. Thanh cl tan, bt kh '
x
thot ra td thanh {n.
W. Thanh {n tan, bt kh '
x
thot ra td thanh cl.
B. B x thanh cQng tan v bt kh '
x
thot ra td c x thanh.
N. Thanh cl tan tr#)c, bt kh '
x
thot ra td thanh cl.
C,; 5A. Bho g~,}g kim loi R c/ h/a tr vv &hn 3ng vda ! v)i *ung *ch a+it nitric lo<ng. Ihn
3ng += ra hon ton thu !#5c h,h} lit %!kc0 m-t kh khang mu nhr hHn khang kh v *ung *ch
ch3a ggf,fxg mu,i tan. V= kim loi R l C
c. Ba W. cl B. zg N. {n
C,; 5. 6,t ch= m-t kim loi trong bOnh kh clo , thu !#5c hx,|g mu,i clorua v nhn th= thL tch
kh clo trong bOnh gim !i },fx lit %!ktc0. 1im loi !Pm !,t l C
c. cl W. zg B. KP N. Bu
C,; 5&. Bho td td b-t KP vo |ml *ung *ch BuZw
e
,xz, khu= nhr cho t)i khi *ung *ch mt
mu +anh. 1h,i l#5ng b-t KP !< tham gia &hn 3ng lC
c. |,} gam W. ,|} gam B. ,|} gam N. ,x~ gam
C,; 5). Fg@m m-t !inh .Gt .ch trong xml *ung *ch BuZw
e
. Zau khi &hn 3ng k9t th]c, l= !inh
.Gt ra khji *ung *ch r$a .ch nhr b[ng n#)c ct v .= kha rXi !Pm c@n th= kh,i l#5ng !inh .Gt
tDng ,~ gam .o v)i ban !u. FXng !- mol ca *ung *ch BuZw
e
!< *Qng l gi tr no *#)i !@=l
c. ,|z W. ,}x|z B. ,|z N. ,}x|z
C,; 5<. Fg@m m-t thanh {n vo gml *ung *ch cgFw
h
,gz !9n khi cgFw
h
tc *4ng h9t, thO
kh,i l#5ng thanh {n .au &hn 3ng .o v)i thanh {n ban !u .C
c. gim ,f|| gam W. tDng g,~ gam
B. tDng ,f|| gam N. tDng f,|| gam
C,; 55. Bho g,e gam hUn h5& hai kim loi tan hon ton trong *ung *ch '
x
Zw
e
lo<ng, *# thu
!#5c ,}fx lt kh '
x
%!ktc0. 1h,i l#5ng hUn h5& mu,i .unpat khan thu !#5c lC
c. h,x gam W. g,} gam B. h,|x gam N. |,~~ gam
C,; 5=. Bho hx,|g {n vo g lit ** ch3a BuZw
e
,x|z v KPZw
e
,hz . Ihn 3ng += ra hon ton,
kh,i l#5ng cht rGn thu !#5c l C
c. hg W. hxg B. eg N. |xg
C,; 5>. Fg@m m-t l l km trong *ung *ch c/ hEa tan e,g} gam B*Zw
e
. Ihn 3ng +ong, kh,i
l#5ng l km tDng x,h|T. 1h,i l#5ng l km tr#)c khi &hn 3ng lC
c. ~ gam W. g gam B. e gam N. } gam
C,; 5?. Thi m-t luXng kh Bw Vua ,ng .3 !:ng m gam hUn h5& gXmC Buw, KP
h
w
e
, KPw, cl
x
w
h
nung n/ng. ^uXng kh thot ra !#5c .4c vo n#)c vai trong *#, th= c/ g|g k9t ta trGng. Zau &hn
3ng cht rGn trong ,ng .3 c/ kh,i l#5ng xg|g. 1h,i l#5ng m lC
c. xgf,eg W. xg,~g B. xhg N. xeg
C,; 5@. 6i2n &h@n glt *ung *ch bc nitrat v)i !i2n c:c trH , thu !#5c *ung *ch c/ &' x %thL tch
*ung *ch tha= !i khang !ng kL 0 l#5ng bc thot ra M catat l C
c. g,~g W. g,~g B. x,g}g N. h,xeg
C,; =A. 6i2n &h@n x lit *ung *ch natri clorua v)i !i2n c:c trH c/ mng ngDn *ung *ch .au !i2n
&h@n c/ &' gx %thL tch *ung *ch tha= !i khang !ng kL0. ThL tch kh clo thot ra M anat %!ktc0
l C
c. ,xxe lt W. g,gx lt B. h,h} lt N. e,e~ lt
5
Trng THPT Trn i Ngha Chng 5 i cng v kim loi
.. CHNG T26NH NHNG C5O:
C,; . Bho V lt hUn h5& kh %M !ktc0 gXm Bw v '
x
&hn 3ng v)i m-t l#5ng *# hUn h5& rGn gXm
Buw v KP
h
w
e
nung n/ng. Zau khi cc &hn 3ng += ra hon ton, kh,i l#5ng hUn h5& rGn gim ,hx
gam. Si tr ca V l
5. ,xxe. .. ,|}. C. ,ggx. I. ,ee~.
C,; &. Bho cc th9 !i2n c:c chu8nC h(
o
cl ; cl

-g,}}Vy x(
o
{n ; {n

-,f}Vy x(
o
Ib ; Ib

-,ghVy x(
o
Bu ; Bu

(,heV. Trong cc &in .au !@=, &in no c/ .ut !i2n !-ng l)n nhtC
5. Iin Ib - Bu. .. Iin {n - Ib. C. Iin {n - Bu. I. Iin cl - {n.
C,; ). 6i2n &h@n *ung *ch ch3a a mol BuZw
e
v b mol FaBl %v)i !i2n c:c trH, c/ mng ngDn0. 6L
*ung *ch .au !i2n &h@n lm &hPnol&htalPin chu=Ln .ang mu hXng thO !i?u ki2n ca a v b l
5. b xa. .. xb a. C. b xa. I. b xa.
C,; <. Bho g,}f gam hUn h5& gXm hai kim loi M x chu ki liAn ti9& thu-c nh/m vvc tc *4ng h9t v)i
*ung *ch 'Bl %*#0, thot ra ,}fx lt kh '
x
%M !ktc0. 'ai kim loi !/ l
5. Ba v Zr. .. Zr v Wa. C. zg v Ba. I. WP v zg.
C,; 5. B/ hai bOnh !i2n &h@n mGc n,i ti9& C bOnh %g0 ch3a *ung *ch cgFw
h
, bOnh %x0 ch3a *ung
*ch Zw
e
. 6i2n &h@n m-t thYi gian rXi ngdng,th= catot bOnh %g0 tDng g},x gam, catot bOnh %x0 tDng
e,~ gam. l C
c. KP W. Fi B. Bu N. {n
C,; =. 6i2n &h@n *ung *ch Bu%Fw
h
0
x
v)i anot b[ng Bu. 'i2n t#5ng JhKng Vuan .t th= M th
nghi2m n= l C
c. anot b hEa tan. B. *ung *ch khang !i mu.
W. c/ k9t ta Bu M catot. N. +ut hi2n kh khang mu M anot.
C,; >. 1hi hEa tan cl b[ng ** 'Bl , n9u thAm vi git th= ng@n vo thO Vu trOnh hEa tan cl .C
c. += ra chm hHn. B. khang tha= !i.
W. += ra nhanh hHn. N. += ra nhanh .au !/ chm rXi li nhanh *n.
C,; ?. Bho cc *ung *chC%a0'Bl ,%b01Fw
h
,%c0 'Bl(1Fw
h
,%*0KP
x
%Zw
e
0
h
. W-t Bu b ho tan trong
cc *ung *ch
c. %c0, %*0 W. %a0, %b0 B. %a0, %c0 N. %b0, %*0
C!" #. Phn ng no di y khng ng? Bit gi tr th in cc chun!
x(
zg
zg
x(
KP
KP
x(
Bu
Bu
h(
x(
KP
KP
(
cg
cg

o
-x,hf -,ee (,he (,ff (,~
c. zg %*#0 ( xKP
h(
zg
x(
( xKP
x(
W. KP ( hcg
(
%*#0

KP
h(
( hcg
B. KP ( xKP
h(
hKP
x(
N. Bu ( xKP
h(
Bu
x(
( xKP
x(
C,; A. Bho hUn h5& gXm g,x mol zg v + mol {n vo *ung *ch ch3a x mol Bu
x(
v g mol cg
(
!9n khi cc &hn 3ng += ra hon ton, thu !#5c m-t *ung *ch ch3a ba ion kim loi. Trong cc gi
tr .au !@=, gi tr no ca + tho m<n tr#Yng h5& trAnl
5. g,~. .. g,x. C. x,. I. g,|.
C,; . Bho x,gh gam hUn h5& R gXm ba kim loi zg, Bu v cl M *ng b-t tc *4ng hon ton v)i
o+i thu !#5c hUn h5& gXm cc o+it c/ kh,i l#5ng h,hh gam. ThL tch *ung *ch 'Bl xz vda ! !L
&hn 3ng h9t v)i l
c. f| ml. W. |f ml. B. | ml. N. ml.
C,; &. Nkn td td V lt kh Bw %M !ktc0 !i Vua m-t ,ng .3 !:ng l#5ng *# hUn h5& rGn gXm Buw,
KP
x
w
h
%M nhi2t !- cao0. Zau khi cc &hn 3ng += ra hon ton, thu !#5c kh R. Nkn ton b- kh R M
trAn vo l#5ng *# *ung *ch Ba%w'0
x
thO to thnh e gam k9t ta. Si tr ca V l
5. ,~}. .. g,gx. C. ,xxe. I. ,ee~.
C,; ). Bho cc &hn 3ng h/a hc .au
g0 KP ( cgFw
h
x0 cl ( 'Fw
h %!"c ngu-i0
h0 zg ( 'Fw
h %rt lo<ng0

e0 cl ( KPBl
h
|0 KP ( '
x
Zw
e %!"c ngu-i0
}0 cg ( Ib%Fw
h
0
x

Bc &hn 3ng += ra l
$
Trng THPT Trn i Ngha Chng 5 i cng v kim loi
c. g, h, | W. g, h, e B. x, e, | N. g, h, }
C,; <. Bho .Gt ln l#5t vo cc **C KPBl
h
, clBl
h
, BuBl
x
, Ib%Fw
h
0
x
, 'Bl, '
x
Zw
e
!"c n/ng, *#,
F'
e
Fw
h
. Z, tr#Yng h5& &hn 3ng .inh ra mu,i .Gt %vv0 l
c. h W. e B. | N. }
C,; 5. Bho
o
{n ; {n
x

+ - ,f}V,
o
Ib ; Ib
x

+ - ,ghV. Zut !i2n !-ng chu8n ca &in !i2n h/a {n-Ib

lC
c. (,}hV W. - ,}hV B. - ,~V N. ,~V
C,; =. 6i2n &h@n b[ng !i2n c:c trH *ung *ch mu,i .unpat ca kim loi h/a tr vv v)i *Eng !i2n c/
c#Yng !- }c. Zau x~,| &h]t !i2n &h@n th= kh,i l#5ng catot tDng h,e|} gam. 1im loi !/ l
c. {n W. Bu B. Fi N. Zn
C,; >. 1im loi nhr nht, n"ng nht l
A. Ib, Bu B. ^i, KP C. ^i, w. D. B., w.
C,; ?. Tnh cht !"c tr#ng ca kim loi l tnh kh$ vOC
c. Fgu=An t$ kim loi th#Yng c/ |, }, f PlPctron l)& ngoi cQng.
W. Fgu=An t$ kim loi c/ nDng l#5ng ion h/a nhj.
B. 1im loi c/ +u h#)ng nhn thAm PlPctron !L !t !9n cu tr]c b?n.
N. Fgu=An t$ kim loi c/ !- @m !i2n l)n.
C,; @. Bho cc h5& kim .auC Bu-KP %v0y {n-KP %vv0y KP-B %vvv0y Zn-KP %vV0. 1hi ti9& +]c v)i *ung
*ch cht !i2n li thO cc h5& kim m trong !/ KP !?u b Dn mEn tr#)c l
c. v, vv v vV. B. v, vvv v vV.
W. v, vv v vvv. N. vv, vvv v vV.
C,; &A. Ti9n hnh hai th nghi2m .auC
- Th nghi2m gC Bho m gam b-t KP %*#0 vo V
g
lt *ung *ch Bu%Fw
h
0
x
gzy.
- Th nghi2m xC Bho m gam b-t KP %*#0 vo V
x
lt *ung *ch cgFw
h
,gz.
Zau khi cc &hn 3ng += ra hon ton, kh,i l#5ng cht rGn thu !#5c M hai th nghi2m !?u b[ng
nhau. Si tr ca V
g
.o v)i V
x
l
5. V
g
V
x
. .. V
g
x V
x
. C. V
g
|V
x
. I. V
g
g V
x
.
%