Ôn Tập Toán 12 Năm 2014

n tp tt nghip Trang 1
Phn 1: GII TCH

N TP
I. CNG THC V O HM:
1.
( )' ' ' t t u v u v
2.
( )' ' ' uv u v uv +
3.
( )' . ' ku k u
(k: hng s)
4.
'
2
' ' u u v uv
v v

,

5.
( )' 0 c
(c: hng s) 6.
( )' 1 x
7.
1
( )'
n n
x nx

1
( )' . '
n n
u nu u
8.
1
( )'
2
x
x
'
( )'
2
u
u
u
9.
2
1 1
'
_

,
x x
,
2
'
_

,
k k
x x
,
1
'
x
k k
_

,
2
1 '
'
u
u u
_

,
,
2
'
'
k ku
u u
_

,
,
'
'
_

,
u u
k k
10.
2
'
( )
ax b ad bc
cx d cx d
_

,
+
+ +
11.
2 2
2
'
2
( )
ax bx c ad x aex be dc
dx e dx e
_ +

,
+ + +
+ +
12.
2
2
2 2 2
2
'
' ' ' ' ' '
' ' ' ( ' ' ')
a b a c b c
x x
a b a c b c ax bx c
a x b x c a x b x c
+
_

+ +
,
+
+ +
+ +
13. (sin
x
)= cos
x
(sinu)= ucosu (sinkx )= kcosk
x
14. (cos
x
)= sin
x
(cosu) = usinu (cos kx ) = ksink
x
15. (!n
x
)=
2
1
cos x
= 1 " !n
2
x
(!nu)=
2
'
cos
u
u
= u(1 " !n
2
u)
16. (co
x
)=
2
1
sin x
= (1 " co
2
x
) (cou) =
2
'
sin
u
u
= u(1 " co
2
u)
17. ( )
'
x x
e e
( )
'
'
u u
e u e
( )
'
#n
x x
a a a
( )
'
' #n
u u
a u a a
18. ( ) ( )
' ' 1 1
#n ( 0), #n ( 0) x x x x
x x
> ( ) ( )
' ' ' '
#n ( 0), #n ( 0)
u u
u u u u
u u
>
19. ( )
'
1
1
n
n n
x
x n

( )
'
1
'
n
n n
u
u
u n

20.
( ) ( )
' ' 1 1
#og ( 0), #og ( 0)
#n #n
a a
x x x x
x a x a
>
( ) ( )
' ' ' '
#og ( 0), #og ( 0)
#n #n
a a
u u
u u u u
u a u a
>
II. MT S CNG THC LNG GI!C TH"NG G#P:
1. C$% h& 'h(% %) *+n:
sin
!n
cos
a
a
a
cos
co
sin
a
a
a
!n .co 1, ,
2
k
a a a k

2 2
sin cos 1 a a + ,
2
2
1
1 !n , ,
cos 2
a a k k
a

+ +
,
2
2
1
1 co , ,
sin
a a k k
a
+
,. C-n. 'h(% nh/n 0-1:
sin 2 2sin cos a a a ,
2 2 2 2
cos 2 cos sin 2cos 1 1 2sin a a a a a ,
2
2!n
!n 2
1 !n
a
a
a
2. C-n. 'h(% h3 *4%:

2
1 cos 2
sin
2
a
a

,
2
1 cos 2
s
2
a
co a
+
,
2
1 cos 2
!n
1 cos 2
a
a
a
+
5. C-n. 'h(% *16n 071 '8%h 'h9nh '7n.:
1
cos cos $cos( ) cos( )%
2
a b a b a b + +
,
1
sin sin $cos( ) cos( )%
2
a b a b a b +
1
sin cos $sin( ) sin( )%
2
a b a b a b + +
:. C-n. 'h(% *16n 071 '7n. 'h9nh '8%h:
cos cos 2cos cos
2 2
a b a b
a b
+
+
,
cos cos 2sin sin
2 2
a b a b
a b
+

sin sin 2sin cos
2 2
a b a b
a b
+
+
,
sin sin 2cos sin
2 2
a b a b
a b
+

;. C-n. 'h(% <h$%:
sin cos 2 sin
4
x x x
_

,
+ +
,
sin cos 2sin
4
x x x

_

,

III. VI=T PTTT C>? @ THA HM S B C DEFG:
H I3n. J''': & = '((
0
) (( (
0
) " &
0

)*+ (
0
: ho,nh -./ &
0
= '((
0
) : ung -./ '((
0
) = &((
0
) : h0 s g1c c2! i34 u&3n.
H I3n. 1: 5ho (
0
: h!& (
0
6,o & *+ &
0
/ h!& (
0
6,o & *+ '((
0
)
H I3n. ,: 5ho &
0
: h!& &
0
6,o & *+ (
0
/ h!& (
0
6,o & *+ '((
0
)
H I3n. 2: cho '((
0
): h!& '((
0
) 6,o & *+ (
0
/ h!& (
0
6,o & *+ &
0
H ChK L:
" )i34 u&3n song song 67i -89ng h:ng & = !( " ;
'((
0
) = !
" )i34 u&3n 6u<ng g1c 67i -89ng h:ng & = !( " ;
'((
0
) = 1=!
" )>?c ho,nh @( c1 4: & = 0
" )>?c ung @& c1 4: ( = 0
MI TP
M91 1: G1+1 %$% JhN)n. 'OPnh:
1= ABc 1: !( " ; = 0 : nhB4 4h8Cng >*nh, shi' s#o6D = =
2= ABc 2:
2
0 ( 0) ax bx c a + + : +oED 5 3. F3 GuH:
" 51 chI i: 4 6< nghi0+.
" 51 1 chI (: 4 c1 nghi0+ kJ4:
2
b
x
a

" 51 2 chI (: 4 c1 2 nghi0+ 4hKn ;i0:
1,2
2
b
x
a
t
3= ABc 3:
3 2
0 ( 0) ax bx cx d a + + + : +oED 5 4.
4= ABc 4 ELng:
4 2
0 ( 0) ax bx c a + + : +oED 5 3, nghi0+ #,:
2
x
M91 ,: QR' STU 1 *1VU 'h(%:
+ V nghim: cMng ENu !.
+ C nghim: khoHng cui cMng ENu !, Gu! nghi0+ -Oi ENu, Gu! nghi0+ kJ4 6, kh<ng (Pc -Qnh
kh<ng -Oi ENu.
M91 2: 5ho h,+ s:
3 1
5
x
y
x
+
. T8nh .1$ 'OW %XY h9Z [\ E'8nh BG ;i3

1, 1, 2, 2 x x x x
RhB4 ;iSu hTc chT! (, 5UV5 #Wn #8X Yng giP >Q ( ! -8Xc giP >Q &.
M91 5: T8nh 03] h9Z %$% h9Z [\:
1=
3
3 1 y x x +
2=
4 2
3
2 3
2
y x x x +
3=
2 3
2
x
y
x

4=
1 2
3 2
x
y
x
5=
2
2 6 5
1
x x
y
x
+
6=
2
6 7 y x x
7=
3
2
1
y x
x
+
8=
2
5 2
3
y x
x
+
9=
cos 2 y x x
10=
2
1 y x x +
11=
2 3
1
5 1
3
y x x x + +
12=
4 2
1
2
3 3 y x x +
13=
2
5
x
y
x
14=
2
3 2 1
2 3
x x
y
x
+
15=
4
3 2
3
y x
x
+ +
16=
2
2 1 y x x +
17=
sin 2 y x x
18= 1 2 y x x + +
19=
3 2
( 5) y x +
20=
2
3 2
1
x x
y
x

+
M91 :: Th^% h1&n JhRJ %h1Y:
T D
=Nguyen+
Mau Mau
1=
2
2 1
3
x x
y
x
+
2=
2
2
1
x x
y
x
3=
2
2 2
3
x x
y
x
+
4=
2
3 6
2
x x
y
x
+
5=
2
3 1
1
x x
y
x
+
+
6=
2
2 5
2
x x
y
x
+
7=
1 2
3
x
y
x
8=
1
1
x
y
x
+
9=
M91 ;: T8nhh]_% '
1=
2
( 2) 5 0 x m x m + + + 2=
2
( 1) 2(3 1) 1 0 m x m x + +
3=
2
( 1) (1 2 ) ( 2) 0 m x m x m + + + 4=
2
( 3) 1 3 0 x m x m + + +
ChN)n. I: NG I`NG O HM a bHO S!T V Vc @ THA HM S
d1 Se @NG MI=Nf NGHACH MI=N C>? HM S
I. TNH gN Ihi C>? HM S:
G1+ [j B C DEFG %k 03] h9Z 'Oln <h]+n. EYm *G. TY %k:
1G 1nU <1&n 0X :
&(() Z 0 >[n khoHng (!/ ;) h,+ s & = '(() -\ng ;i3n >[n khoHng (!/ ;).
&(() ] 0 >[n khoHng (!/ ;) h,+ s & = '(() nghQch ;i3n >[n khoHng (!/ ;).
,G 1nU <1&n %n:
^,+ s & = '(() -\ng ;i3n >[n khoHng (! / ;) &(() 0 >[n khoHng (!/ ;).
^,+ s & = '(() nghQch ;i3n >[n khoHng (! / ;)
'( ) 0 y x
>[n khoHng (!/ ;).
H ChK L:
" )>ong -i_u ki0n -2, n3u &(() = 0 Li +. s hIu hLn -iS+ hu.c (!/ ;) h* k3 #uBn 6`n -ang
" ^,+ s -\ng ;i3n hobc nghQch ;i3n >[n khoHng (!/ ;) gci #, h,+ s -Cn -i0u >[n (!/ ;)
2G Gh1 nho:
H Gh1 nho 1: &(() = !(
2
" ;( " c
( 0) a
p
0
'( ) 0
0
>

'

a
y x x
"
0
'( ) 0
0
<

'

a
y x x

" R3u cC s ! chT! h!+ s ! (J >89ng hX4 ! = 0 >87c khi sd E?ng c<ng hTc >[n.
H Gh1 nho ,: h,+ s
ax b
y
cx d
+
+
-\ng ;i3n >[n khoHng (!/ ;)
' 0 ( / ) > y x a b
6, nghQch ;i3n
>[n khoHng (!/ ;)
' 0 ( / ) y x a b <
II. qir TsC QtT TNH ON Ihi ESe @NG MI=Nf NGHACH MI=NG C>? HM S:
A1: *+ B4 (Pc -Qnh (mu hoc trong cn ! nghim " # $
A2: )enh & 6, *+ cPc -iS+ (
i
(& = 0 hobc kh<ng (Pc -Qnh)
A3: VB4 ;Hng ;i3n hi[n
A4: F3 #uBn 6_ -\ng ;i3n, nghQch ;i3n
!J Sun.: M91 1: QR' [^ 0vn. *16nf n.hW%h *16n %XY h9Z [\:
1=
4 2
8 5 y x x + +
2=
2 3
4
x
y
x
3=
2
1
2
x x
y
x
+
4=
2
25 y x
M91 ,: TPZ Z 0V %$% h9Z [\ [YU:
1= & = 1 ) 8 ( ) 2 (
3
2
3
+ + + x m x m
x
nghQch ;i3n >[n )fg
2= & =
( 2) 3 +
+
m x
x m
nghQch ;i3n >[n Yng khoHng (Pc -Qnh c2! h,+ s
III. MI TP :
M91 1: QR' [^ 0vn. *16nf n.hW%h *16n %XY %$% h9Z [\:
1) & = (
3
2(
2
" ( " 1 2) & = (
4
" 2(
2

3)
3 1
1
x
y
x
+
4)
2
2
1
x x
y
x
5) & = 2(
3
6( " 2 6)
3 2
1
3 7 1
3
y x x x + +
7) & = ( "
x
4
8) +
+
2
2 1
1
y x
x
9)
1
1
x
y
x
+
10) & = (
4
2(
2
" 3
M91 ,: TPZ Z 0V %$% h9Z [\ [YU:
n tp tt nghip Trang %
1) & = (
3
+(
2
" 3( 1 -\ng ;i3n >[n .
2)
3 2
( 1) ( 2) 1 m x y x m x + + + nghQch ;i3n >[n
3) & = 3 ) 2 3 (
3
) 1 (
2
3
+ + +
x m mx
x m
-\ng ;i3n >[n )fg
4) & = 1 ) 8 ( ) 2 (
3
2
3
+ + + x m x m
x
nghQch ;i3n >[n )fg
5) & =
( 2) 3 +
+
m x
x m
nghQch ;i3n >[n Yng khoHng (Pc -Qnh c2! h,+ s
5) & =
4 mx
x m
+
+
-\ng ;i3n >[n Yng khoHng (Pc -Qnh c2! h,+ s
6) & =
2mx m
x m
+
nghQch ;i3n >[n Yng khoHng (Pc -Qnh c2! h,+ s.
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
d, CeC TwA C>? HM S
I. ANH NGHx?: SGby 12f 15.
5ho hs
( ) y f x
#i[n ?c >[n khoHng (!/ ;) 6,
0
x
(!/ ;). ^,+ s -L cic iSu (cic -Li) Li
0
x

"
0
x
#, -iS+ cic iSu (-iS+ cic -Li) c2! h,+ s gci chung #, -iS+ cic >Q,
"
0
( ) f x
#, giP >Q cic iSu (giP >Q cic -Li) c2! h,+ s cjn gci #, cic iSu (cic -Li) gci chung #,
cic >Q
" giS+
0 0
( , ( )) M x f x
#, -iS+ cic iSu (-iS+ cic -Li) c2! -\ hQ h,+ s.
II. ANH Lz:
1. Ii bIhN C{N: h,+ s
( ) y f x
c1 -Lo h,+ >[n khoHng (!/ ;) 6, -L cic >Q Li
0
x
h*
0
'( ) 0 y x
,. Ii bIhN > :
Yy qUB '|% 1: 5ho hs
( ) y f x
c1 -Lo h,+ >[n khoHng (!/ ;),
0
x
(!/ ;) 6,
0
'( ) 0 y x
. )! c1 :
" R3u -Lo h,+ -Oi ENu Y K+ s!ng E8Cng khi Gu!
0
x
h*
0
x
#, -iS+ cic iSu.
" R3u -Lo h,+ -Oi ENu Y E8Cng s!ng K+ khi Gu!
0
x
h*
0
x
#, -iS+ cic -Li.
H PhN)n. Jh$J: }4J *+n. *16n 'h1ln.
" A1: )fg
" A2: )enh & 6, *+ cPc (
i
" A3: VB4 AA)
" A4: F3 #uBn 6_ cic >Q: @I cic -Li/ THiNG L~NG cic iSu
H !J Sun.: 'PZ %$% 01VZ %^% 'OW %XY h9Z [\:
!1=
2 3
10 15 6 y x x x + +
!2=
1
1
1
y x
x
+ +
!3=
4
2
2 6
4
x
y x +
*y qUB '|% ,: 5ho hs
( ) y f x

p ^,+ s -L cic iSu Li
0
x
0
0
'( ) 0
''( ) 0
y x
y x
'
>
p ^,+ s -L cic iSu -Li
0
x
0
0
'( ) 0
''( ) 0
y x
y x
'
<
p ^,+ s -L cic >Q Li
0
x
0
0
'( ) 0
''( ) 0
y x
y x
'
" Rh7 K+ #\i (5g), E8Cng #k+ (5))

H PhN)n. Jh$J:
" A1: )*+ )fg
n tp tt nghip Trang &
" A2: )enh &. liHi 4 & = 0 *+ cPc nghi0+ (
i
( i = 1, 2, 3mn).
" A3: )enh & 6, &n((
i
).
" A4: F3 #uBn 6_ cic >Q: BEF
1
G CT m BEF
1
G C
H !J Sun.:
M91 1: TPZ %$% 01VZ %^% 'OW %XY h9Z [\
3 2
3 y x x x +
M91 , : TPZ Z 0n h9Z [\ :
!=
3 2
2 1 y x x mx + + -L cic iSu Li ( = 1
;=
3 2
1
3
( 2) (3 4) y x m x m x m + + +
c1 2 cic >Q.
III. MI TP :
M91 1: TPZ %^% 'OW %XY %$% h9Z [\:
1) & =
3
1
4
3
x x
2) & =
4 2
1
1
4
4
x x
3) & =
2
3
1
+
x x
x
4) & =
2 7
4 3
+
+
x
x
5)
2
2 2
1
x x
y
x
+
6)
3
4
x
y
x
+
M91 ,: TPZ Z 0V h9Z [\:

1) & =
m x
mx x
+
+ + 1
2
-L cic -Li Li ( = 2
2) & =
1
1
2
+
+
x
m mx x
-L cic iSu Li ( = 1
3)
2
2
1
x x m
y
x
+ +
+
-L cic iSu Li ( = 2
4)
3 2
3 5 y mx x x m + + + -L cic iSu Li ( = 2
5)
2 ) 2 ( ) 2 (
3
1
2 3
+ + + x m x m mx y
-L cic -Li Li ( = 1
M91 2: 5op h,+ s:
3 2 2
( 1) 1 y x x m x m + + #u<n c1 1 -iS+ cic -Li 6, 1 -iS+ cic iSu.
d2 GI! TwA LN NHT V GI! TwA NH NHT C>? HM S
I. C!CH TM GTLN GTNN EZYF Z1nG C>? HM S
( ) y f x
TwN bHONG EYm *G:
H PhN)n. Jh$J : #B4 AA)
" A1: )fg
" A2: )enh & 6, *+ cPc (
i
" A3: VB4 AA)
" A4: F3 #uBn 6_ l)VR l)RR ('(i ma)* thung +,ng min$
H !J Sun.: TPZ GTLN GTNN %XY h9Z [\:
!y
2 3
1
3 7 1
3
y x x x + +
;=
2
2 1
1
y x
x
+
+
67i ( ] 1
II. C!CH TM GTLN GTNN EZYF Z1nG C>? HM S
( ) y f x
TwN ON Ym *:
H PhN)n. Jh$J :
" A1: )enh & 6, *+ cPc
1 2 3
, ,... , ( / ) x x x a b
+, & = 0 hobc kh<ng (Pc -Qnh
" A2: )enh &(!), &(;), &((
1
), &((
2
), &((
3
), ...
" A3: )*+ s #7n nhN + 6, s nhq nhN n >ong cPc s >[n. r7i
$ / % $ / %
+!( / +in
a b a b
y m y n
H
H !J Sun.: TPZ GTLN GTNN %XY h9Z [\:
!=
4 2
6 2 y x x + + >[n -oLn $3/ 1%
;=
2
5 4 y x x
n tp tt nghip Trang -
c= 5 2 y x x + +
III. MI TP: TPZ GTLNf GTNN %XY h9Z [\:
1) & =
3 2
1
2 3 4
3
x x x + +
>[n -oLn $4/ 0% 5)
3 2
2 3 1 y x x + >[n -oLn $2/ 2%
2) & =
2
100 x
6)
2
12 3 x x y +
3) & = 3 6 x x + + 7) 3 10 y x x + +
4)
2cos 2 5cos 3 y x x +
8)
2
2sin cos 1 y x x +
9) & = 2sin( " sin2( >[n -oLn
3
0/
2
1
1
]
10) & = ( 2.#n( >[n -oLn $1/ D%
11) & = ( "
x
1
>[n khoHng (0/ "
)
12) & =
1
1
+
x
x
>[n -oLn $2/ 5%
13) & = +
+
1
2 1
2
x
x
>[n -oLn $h1 / 2% 14) & =
2
4 5 2
2
+
+ +
x
x x
>[n -oLn $3/ 3%
d5 "NG TIhM CN
I. TCN: R3u 0
#i+ ( )
x
f x y
t
h* & = &
0
#, i0+ cBn ng!ng
II. TC: R3u
0
0
#i+ ( )
#i+ ( )
x x
x x
f x
f x
t
t
h* ( = (
0
#, i0+ cBn -Tng
III. CH z:
" )i0+ cBn -Tng ( = (
0
67i (
0
#, nghi0+ c2! +ù chs c1 t h,+ 4hKn hTc (-! hTc chi! -!
hTc)
" )i0+ cBn ng!ng chs c1 khi ;Bc d ;Bc +ù:
R3u ;Bc d ] ;Bc +ù h* i0+ cBn ng!ng & = 0.
R3u ;Bc d = ;Bc +ù h* i0+ cBn ng!ng & = (h0 s c2! +u c!o nhN >[n Y)=(h0 s c2! +u
c!o nhN E87i +ù)
H !J Sun.: 'PZ %$% 0Nn. '1&Z %4n %XY 0v 'hW %$% h9Z [\:
1=
3
2 1
x
y
x
+
2=
1
5
x
y
x
3=
2
4
x
y
x
4=
2
2
1
4 3
x x
y
x x

+
5=
3 2
2 1
x
y
x
+
6=
+
3
4
x
y
x
7=
5
3
x
y
x
8=
+
2
2
1
4
x x
y
x
9=
+
2
2
1
x
y
x
10=
2
1
2 4
x
y
x
+
11=
d: bHO S!T Se MI=N THIN V Vc @ THA HM S
I. HM S:
3 2
( 0) y ax bx cx d a + + + (h.m /c /a$
1. )fg: v =
2.
2
' 3 2 y ax bx c + + 5ho & = 0
*+ nghi0+.
3. F3 #uBn -\ng ;i3n, nghQch ;i3n.
4. 5ic >Q: cic -Li, cic iSu.
5. li7i hLn:
#i+ , #i+
+

x x
y y
6. AHng ;i3n hi[n.
7.
'' 6 2 y ax b +
5ho & = 0
*+ nghi0+
-iS+ un.
8. )*+ -iS+.
9. rw -\ hQ: g\ hQ c1 1 >ong cPc ELng s!u:
! ] 0 ! Z 0
x & = 0 c1
h!i nghi0+
4hKn ;i0.
2
-2
2
-2
O
x & = 0 c1
nghi0+ kJ4
2
2
x & = 0 6<
nghi0+
4
2
2
1h2: 3( th4 nhn 'i5m un +.m t6m 'i )7ng
H M91 '4J ZU: FhHo sP si ;i3n hi[n 6, 6w -\ hQ c2! h,+ s: &= 2(
3
9(
2
" 12( 4
G1+1:
)B4 (Pc -Qnh: v=

y
= 6(
2
18(" 12

y
= 0
6(
2
18(" 12=0
1
2
x
x

y
Z 0
<
>
1
2
x
x
/
y
] 0
< < 1 2 x
^,+ s -\ng ;i3n >ong 2 khoHng:(
/1) 6, (2/ "
), nghQch ;i3n >ong khoHng: (1/2)

^,+ s -L cic -Li Li (=1/ &
5g
=1, cic iSu Li (=2/ &
5)
=0
m
x
y
+
=
+
,
m
x
y

AHng ;i3n hi[n:
(
1 2 "

y
" 0 0 "
& 1 "
0
giS+ -bc ;i0
( 0 1
3
2
2 3
& h4 1
1
2
0 5
H !J Sun.: bh+] [$' [^ *16n 'h1ln 9 0v 'hW %$% h9Z [\:
1=
3
2 3 y x x + 2=
3 2
4 4x y x x + +
3=
3 2
9x y x x + + 4=
3
5 2 y x +
5=
3 2
3 2 2 y x x 6=
3 2
x y x x +
7=
3 2
3 3 2 y x x x + 8=
3 2
3 4 1 y x x x + +
9=
3 2
1
7 5 1
3
x y x x + 10= & = h 2(
3
h ( " 2
II. HM S:
4 2
( 0) y ax bx c a + + (h.m tr9ng ph:;ng$
1. )fg: v =
2.
3
' 4 2 y ax bx + 5ho & = 0
*+ nghi0+.
3. F3 #uBn -\ng ;i3n, nghQch ;i3n.
4. 5ic >Q: cic -Li, cic iSu.
5. li7i hLn:
, 0
, 0
#i+
x
a
a
y
t
<
+ >
6. AHng ;i3n hi[n.

7. )*+ -iS+.
! ] 0 ! Z 0
x & = 0 c1 3
n
0
4hKn ;i0
2
-2
x & = 0 c1 1
nghi0+
-2
2
3( th4 nhn <= +.m tr>c 'i )7ng
HM91 '4J ZU: FhHo sP si ;i3n hi[n 6, 6w -\ hQ c2! h,+ s: &= (
4
2(
2
1
G1+1:
oi_n (Pc -Qnh: v=

y
= 4(
3
4( cho
y
= 0
4(
3
4(=0
0
1
1
x
x
x

y
Z 0
< <
>
1 0
1
x
x
/
y
] 0
<
< <
1
0 1
x
x
^,+ s -\ng ;i3n >ong 2 khoHng: (1/0) 6, (1/
+
), nghQch ;i3n >ong 2 khoHng: (
/1) 6, (0/1)
^,+ s -L cic -Li Li (=0/ &
5g
= h1, cic iSu Li (= y2/ &
5)
= h2
m
x
y
+
=
m
x
y
+
AHng ;i3n hi[n: (
1 0 1
+

y
0 " 0 0 "
&
+
1
+
2 2
giS+ -bc ;i0
( h2 h1 0 1 2
& 7 h2 h1 h2 7
RhBn (J: -\ hQ h,+ s nhBn @& #,+ >?c -i (Tng.
1=
4 2
8 1 y x x + 2=
4 2
2 2 y x x +
3=
4 2
1 3
2 2
y x x + 4=
4 2
2 4 3 y x x +
5=
4
2
1
2
+
x
y x 6=
4 2
1
4
y x x +
n tp tt nghip Trang 1?
7=
4 2
2 1 y x x + 8=
4 2
3
4
2 y x x +
9=
4 2
5 3 y x x + 10= & = 2(
2
(
4
1
III. HM S:
( 0/ 0)
ax b
y c ad bc
cx d
+

+
(h.m nh@t /iAn$
1. )fg: v =
z
d
c

' ;

(
d
c
#, nghi0+ +ù)
2.
2
0
'
0 ( )
<
> +
x D
ad bc
y
x D cx d
3. F3 #uBn -\ng ;i3n, nghQch ;i3n (chs -\ng ;i3n hobc nghQch ;i3n)
)>[n cPc khoHng
/
d
c
_

,

6,
/
d
c
_

,
+
, & ] 0 n[n h,+ s nghQch ;i3n
)>[n cPc khoHng
/
d
c
_

,

6,
/
d
c
_

,
+
, & Z 0 n[n h,+ s -\ng ;i3n
4. 5ic >Q: h,+ s kh<ng c1 cic >Q
5. li7i hLn, i0+ cBn:
#i+
x
a
y
c
t
)i0+ cBn ng!ng:
a
y
c

#i+ ( ), #i+ ( )
+
_ _

, ,
+ +
d d
x x
c c
y hoac y hoac
)i0+ cBn -Tng:
d
x
c
(n
0
+ù)
6. AHng ;i3n hi[n.
& ] 0
( h
h E=c "
&
&
!=c "
!=c
& Z 0
( h
h E=c "
& " "

&
"
!=c
!=c h

7. )*+ -iS+.
& ] 0 & Z 0
4
2
-2
4
2
3( th4 nhn giao 'i5m 2 ':Bng tim cn +.m t6m 'i )7ng
H M91 '4J ZU: Khao sat ham so y =
2 2
1
x
x

+
.
TXN: D= R\
{ } 1
y
=
( )
2
4
1 x+
> 0 x D
Ham so uon ong ben tren tng khoang xac nh cua no.
Tem can ngang a:
2 y
v
2 #i+
t
y
x
.
Tem can ng a 1 x v
+
+

y y
x x 1 1
#i+ / #i+
Bang ben then.
giS+ -bc ;i0: cho
2 0 y x
6, cho
1 0 x y
No th:
1=
+
3
1
x
y
x
2=

1 2
2 4
x
y
x
3=
+
+
2
2 1
x
y
x
4=
+
3 2
1
x
y
x
5=
2
2
x
y
x
6=
2 1
1
x
y
x
7=
5
2
y
x
8=
+
1
1
x
y
x
IV. C!C MI TO!N LIN qi?N =N bHO S!T HM S:
1. M1&n }U4n [\ n.h1&Z JhN)n. 'OPnh *n. 0v 'hW:
g8! 4 6_ ELng: '(() = g(+).
{ nghi0+ 4 #, s gi!o -iS+ c2! (5):
( ) y f x
6, (E):
( ) y g m
song song hobc >Mng 67i @(
(cMng 4h8Cng @()
H !J Sun.: Ch] h9Z [\:
4 2
2 3 ( ) y x x C + +
!= FhHo sP 6, 6w -\ hQ (5)
;= v8! 6,o -\ hQ ;i0n #uBn hDo + s nghi0+ 4:
4 2
2 1 0 x x m
,. V16' J''' %XY 0Nn. %]n. B C DEFG:
H I3n. J''': & = '((
0
) (( (
0
) " &
0

)*+ (
0
: ho,nh -./ &
0
= '((
0
): ung -./ '((
0
) = &((
0
): h0 s g1c c2! i34 u&3n.
p I3n. 1: 5ho (
0
: h!& (
0
6,o & *+ &
0
/ h!& (
0
6,o & *+ '((
0
)
p I3n. ,: 5ho &
0
: h!& &
0
6,o & *+ (
0
/ h!& (
0
6,o & *+ '((
0
)
p I3n. 2: cho '((
0
): h!& '((
0
) 6,o & *+ (
0
/ h!& (
0
6,o & *+ &
0
p ChK L:
)i34 u&3n song song 67i -89ng h:ng & = !( " ;
'((
0
) = !
)i34 u&3n 6u<ng g1c 67i -89ng h:ng & = !( " ;
'((
0
) = 1=!
)>?c ho,nh @(: & = 0
)>?c ung @&: ( = 0
H !J Sun.: 5ho h,+ s:
1
( )
2 1
x
y C
x
+
!= FhHo sP 6, 6w -\ hQ (5)
;= ri3 4 c2! (5) ;i3 i34 u&3n 6u<ng g1c 67i -89ng h:ng
1
2
3
y x
2. VW 'O8 'N)n. 0\1 %XY hY1 0v 'hW: 5ho 2 -89ng (5
1
): & = '(() 6, (5
2
): & = g(()
gS *+ gi!o -iS+ c2! (5
1
) 6, (5
2
) ! #B4 4 ho,nh -. g- c2! (5
1
) 6, (5
2
): '(() = g(()
{ nghi0+ 4 n,& #, s gi!o -iS+ c2! (5
1
) 6, (5
2
)
| }4 E?ng: )*+ c! -. gi!o -iS+ c2! -\ hQ 2 h,+ s:
2
2 3 y x x + 6,
2
2 y x x +
( h
h1 "
&
=
" "
& "
2
2 h

2 4 6 8 -2 -4 -6 -8
2
4
6
8
-2
-4
-6
-8
x
y
V. MI TP TNG HP:
M91 1: Ch] h9Z [\
3
3 2 ( ) y x x C
1= FhHo sP 6, 6w -\ hQ c2! h,+ s (5)
2= ri3 4 c2! (5) Li -iS+ o(
2/
4)
3= ri3 4 c2! (5) song song 67i -89ng h:ng & = 24( "10
4= ri3 4 c2! (5) 6u<ng g1c 67i -89ng h:ng & =
1
3
(
7
5= vi! 6,o (5) ;i0n #uBn hDo + s nghi0+ 4:
3
3 2 0 x x m
M91 ,: Ch] h9Z [\
4 2
1 5
2 ( )
2 2
y x x C +
1= FhHo sP 6, 6w -\ hQ (5)
2= ri3 4 c2! -\ hQ h,+ s Li -iS+ c1 hoHnh -. = 2
3= vi! 6,o (5) ;i0n #uBn hDo + s nghi0+ 4:
4 2
1 5
2 0
2 2
+
m
x x
M91 2: Ch] h9Z [\ & = (
3
" 3(
2
4
1= FhHo sP si ;i3n hi[n 6, 6w -\ hQ (5) c2! h,+ s.
2= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! -\ hQ (5) Li -iS+ o
0
(1/ 2)
3= ri3 4 c2! -\ hi h,+ s Li -iS+ c1 ung -. = 4.
M91 5: Ch] h9Z [\ & = (
3
" 3( " 1.
2= vi! 6,o -\ hQ (5), ;i0n #uBn hDo + s nghi0+ c2! 4h8Cng >*nh: (
3
3( " + = 0.
3= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! -\ hQ (5) Li -iS+ c1 hj!nh -. (
0
= 1.
M91 :: Ch] h9Z [\ & = (
3
6(
2
" 9( " 1
2= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (5) 6u<ng g1c 67i -89ng h:ng & =
2
24
1
+ x
3= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh -89ng h:ng -i Gu! h!i -iS+ cic >Q c2! h,+ s
4= vi! 6,o -\ hQ (5), ;i0n #uBn hDo + s nghi0+ c2! 4h8Cng >*nh: (
3
6(
2
" 9( " + = 0
M91 ;: Ch] h9Z [\ & = (
3
" 3(
2
2.
2= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (5) song song 67i -89ng h:ng & = 9( " 1
3= )*+ + -S -89ng h:ng & = + c~ -\ hQ (5) Li ;! -iS+ 4hKn ;i0.
M91 : Ch] h9Z [\ B C
1
3
1
2 3
+ x x
2= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (5) ;i3 i34 u&3n -i Gu! -iS+ U(1 / 0)
M91 : Ch] h9Z [\ B C
1
3
1
2 3
+ + x x x
2= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (5) Li gi!o -iS+ c2! (5) 67i >?c hj!nh.
M91 : Ch] h9Z [\ & = (
3
" (
2= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (5) Li gi!o -iS+ c2! (5) 67i >?c ung.
M91 1: Ch] h9Z [\ & = (
4
2(
2
" 1

2= Ai0n #uBn hDo + s nghi0+ c2! 4h8Cng >*nh: (
4
2(
2
" 1 + = 0.
3= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (5) Li -iS+ c1 ho,nh -. ( = 2
M91 11: Ch] h9Z [\ & = (
4
" 2(
2
" 2.
2= )*+ + -S 4h8Cng >*nh (
4
2(
2
" + = 0 c1 ;n nghi0+ 4hKn ;i0.
3= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (5) Li -iS+ cic iSu c2! -\ hQ h,+ s.
M91 1,: Ch] h9Z [\ & C
2
3
3
2
2
4
+ x
x
2= Ai0n #uBn hDo + s nghi0+ c2! 4h8Cng >*nh: (
4
6(
2
" 3 + = 0.
3= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (5) ;i3 i34 u&3n Li -iS+ U(0/
)
2
3
M91 12: Ch] h9Z [\ & = (
4
" 6(
2
5
2= )*+ + -S -89ng h:ng & = + c~ -\ hQ (5) Li ;! -iS+ 4hKn ;i0.
3= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (5) Li -iS+ o
0
(1 / 0).
M91 15: Ch] h9Z [\ & C
1 2
4
1
2 4
x x
2= )*+ + -S 4h8Cng >*nh : (
4
8(
2
4 " + = 0 c1 4 nghi0+ 4hKn ;i0.
3= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (5) Li gi!o -iS+ c2! (5) 67i >?c ung.
M91 1:: Ch] h9Z [\ & C
1
1
+
x
x
.
1= FhHo sP si ;i3n hi[n 6, 6w -\ hQ (^) c2! h,+ s.
2= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (^) Li -iS+ o(2/ 3).
3= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n ;i3 i34 u&3n song song 67i -89ng h:ng & = 2( " 1
M91 1;: Ch] h9Z [\ & C
1
1 2
+
+
x
x
.
2= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (^) Li -iS+ c1 ho,nh -. ( = 2
3= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (^) ;i3 i34 u&3n 6u<ng g1c 67i -89ng h:ng & = ( " 2
M91 1: Ch] h9Z [\ & C
x
x
1
2
.
2= )*+ >[n (^) nhIng -iS+ c1 c! -. #, cPc s ngu&[n.
3= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (^) Li gi!o -iS+ c2! (^) 67i >?c ung.
M91 1: Ch] h9Z [\ & C
x
x 1
.
2= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (^) Li gi!o -iS+ c2! (^) 67i >?c hj!nh.
M91 1: Ch] h9Z [\ & =
4
4
x
2= ri3 4h8Cng >*nh i34 u&3n c2! (^) ;i3 i34 u&3n -i Gu! -iS+ U(4/ 4).
M91 ,: 5ho h,+ s
3 1
1
x
y
x
+

1) FhHo sP 6, 6w -\ hQ (5) c2! h,+ s.
2) ri3 4 c2! -\ hQ ;i3 i34 u&3n 6u<ng g1c 67i -89ng h:ng & = ( " 2
3) )*+ nhIng -iS+ >[n -\ hQ hQ c1 ho,nh -. 6, ung -. -_u #, nhIng s ngu&[n.
M91 ,1: 5ho h,+ s
4 2 2
2 y x mx m m + + +
1) FhHo sP 6, 6w -\ hQ (5) c2! h,+ s khi + = 2
2) vi! 6,o (5) ;i0n #uBn hDo k s nghi0+ 4:
4 2
4 0 x x k +
3) )*+ + -S h,+ s -L cic iSu Li ( = 1
M91 ,,: 5ho h,+ s
4 2
1
2 1
4
y x x +
1) FhHo sP 6, 6w -\ hQ (5) c2! h,+ s.
2) )*+ + -S 4
4 2
8 4 x x m + c1 2 nghi0+ 4hKn ;i0
3) ri3 4 c2! -\ hQ Li -iS+ c1 ho,nh -. = 1.
M91 ,2: 5ho h,+ s
3 2
3( 1) 2 y x m x + +
1) FhHo sP 6, 6w -\ hQ (5) c2! h,+ s khi + = 0
2) vi! 6,o -\ hQ (5) ;i0n #uBn hDo k s nghi0+ 4:
3 2
3 2 0 x x k +
3) )*+ + -S h,+ s -L cic -Li Li ( = 2
4) ri3 4 c2! -\ hQ (5) ;i3 i34 u&3n c1 h0 s g1c = 3
M91 ,5: 5ho h,+ s
3
4 3 1 y x x
1) FhHo sP 6, 6w -\ hQ (5) c2! h,+ s.
2) ri3 4 c2! (5) ;i3 i34 u&3n 6u<ng g1c 67i -89ng h:ng
5
72
x
y +
M91 ,:: 5ho h,+ s
2 1
1
x
y
x
+
+
1) FhHo sP 6, 6w -\ hQ (5) c2! h,+ s
2) ri3 4 Li -iS+ c1 ung -. ;ng 1=2
ChN)n. II: PHgNG TwNH MT PHgNG TwNH M~ LG?wIT
d1 L~r TH? M~ LG?wIT
|
, N n R a
. ...... (
n
a a a a n hY! s )
0 a
1
n
n
a
a
,
0
1 a
C:u D:
0
0 , 0
n
khng c ngha
2 , , , , 0 > n N n Z m
n
m
r a
m
n r m
n
a a a
. a a a
+
a
a
a
.
( ) a a

a a
b b

,
( ) . ab a b

R3u: 1 a > h*

> > a a
R3u: 0 1 a < < h*
a a

> <
#og
a
b b a
#og 1 0
a
#og 1
a
a
#og 10 b b

#og
a
b
a b ( )
#og
a
a

#nb b e

0 1, 0, 0 a b c < > >
. Khi
#og . #og #og
a a a
b c b c + #og #og #og
a a a
b
b c
c

0 1, 0 , 0 1 a b c < < <
. Khi
#og #og
a a
b b

1
#og #og
a
a
b b
, ( ) 0

#og
#og
#og
c
a
c
b
b
a
1
#og ,
#og
a
b
b
a
( ) 1 b
n tp tt nghip Trang 1%
d, PHgNG TwNH M~ PHgNG TwNH LOG?wIT
?. PHgNG TwNH M~
I. PhN)n. 'OPnh Z %) *+n
( )
(
! ; ! 0/ ! 1 >
N!u b " # $h% &h'(ng $r%nh c duy nh)$ m*$ nghi+m ( #og ;
!
N!u b , # ho-c b . # $h% &h'(ng $r%nh v nghi+m

M91 1: giHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u: !)
(
10 1
;)
(
8 2
c)
(
4 4
E)
(
5 D

D)
(
2 3
')
(
1
3
27
g)
(
9
1
2

_

,
h) 2
x

+ 2
x -1
+ 2
x - 2
= 3
x
- 3
x - 1
+ 3
x - 2
II. M' [\ %$%h .1+1 JhN)n. 'OPnh Z:
1. NY n %n. %) [\: 0 ! 1 <
( )
( )
' ( ;
! ! ' ( ;

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
' ( g (
! ! ' ( g (
M91 ,: giHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u: YG
2
( 5( 6
1 5
+
*G
3( 1
1
3
3
_

,
%G
2
( 3( 2
4 16
+
SG
4 3
2 4
x
G (1,25)
1 - x
=
2(1 )
(0, 64)
x +
M91 2: giHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u: YG
2
( 2( 3
1
( 1
7
7

+
_

,
*G.
2
( 2
1
4 3(
2
2
_

,
%G
( )
5 (
2( 3 4
0, 75
3
_

,
SG ( )
( )
(
2 3(
0, 5 2

+
G
2
( ( 8 1 3(
4 2
+
DG
( 1
1
2(
125
25
+
_

,
.G 2
x

+ 2
x -1
+ 2
x - 2
= 3
x
- 3
x - 1
+ 3
x - 2
h)
2
5
6
2
2 16 2
x x
M91 5: giHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u:

YG
( 1 ( 2 ( 3 ( 4
3 3 3 3 750
+
+ +
*G
2( 1 2(
3 3 108
+
%G
2( 1 2( 1
5 3.5 550
+

SG
( 1 ( 1 (
2 2 2 28
+
+ +
G
( 1 ( 1 (
2.3 3 3 9 6.
+

DG
2( 7
1
1
6 1
6( (
.4 8
2
_

,
,. _' n Jhu:
H I3n. 1: PhN)n. 'OPnh
2( (
U.! A.! 5 0 + +
C/ch gi0i: gb
(
!
f -i_u ki0n: '
liHi 4h8Cng >*nh hDo : U
2
" A " 5 = 0, chcn hq! -k. {u& >!
(
! ( #og
!

M91 :: liHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u: YG
1
2( (
.5 5.5 250
5
+ *G
2( 2 (
2 9.2 2 0
+
+

%G
2( 1 (
9.3 6 0 3
+
+
SG
2( 6 ( 7
2 2 0 17
+ +
+
G
( (
.3 0 9 2 15
DG
( (
0 64 8 56
.G
( (
.5 0 25 6 5 +
hG
( ( 1
.3 0 9 24 15
+
1G
4( 8 2( 5
3 4.3 27 0
+ +
+
G
( ( 1
4 36.2 32 0
+
<G
6( 3(
D 3.D 2
}G
1
4 2 8 0
x x+
+
ZG

x x
2.16 15.4 8 0
nG
H I3n. ,: PhN)n. 'OPnh %k %h(Y Y
F
9 Y
F
f h]_% Y
F
9 *
F
o1 Y.* C1. _':
( ( (
1 1
! ! / ; 0

>
M91 ;: liHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u: YG
( 1 (
3 18.3 29
+
+
*G
( 1 1 (
3 3 10
+
+
%G
( 1 (
5 5 4 0
+
SG
2( 2(
D 4.D 3

G
( ) ( )
( (
4 15 4 15 62 + + DG
( ) ( )
( (
2 4 2 3 3 + +
.G
( ) ( )
( (
6 12 6 35 35 + + hG
( ) ( )
7 4 3 7 4 3 14
x x
+ +
1G
( ) ( )
5 2 6 5 2 6 10
x x
+ + G
1
5 2 8
2 0
2 5 5
x x+
_ _
+

, ,
n tp tt nghip Trang 1&
<G
( ) ( )
4 15 4 15 8
x x
+ + }G
H I3n. 2: PhN)n. 'OPnh
2( ( ( 2(
+.! n.! .; 4.; 0 + +
CEch giFi Chia 1 v! c2a &h'(ng $r%nh cho m*$ $rong 3 45
2( ( ( 2(
! / ! .; , ;
6 'a v7 d8ng 9 ho-c 1
M91 : liHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u YG
( ( (
2.25 7.10 5.4 0 +
*G
( ( (
5.36 3.16 2.81 +
%G
( ( 2( 1
25 10 2
+
+
SG
( ( (
0 4.9 12 3.16 +
G
( ( (
3.4 2.6 9
DG
1 1 1
( ( (
2.4 6 9 +
.G
2( 4 ( 2( 2
3 45.6 9.2 0
+ +
+
hG
( ( (
3.25 2.49 5.35 +
1G
3.8 4.12 18 2.27
x x x x
+
G 27 12 2.8
x x x
+ <G 6.9 13.6 6.4 0
x x x
+ }G
2. PhN)n. Jh$J }].YO1' hkY
:; d<ng $=nh ch)$ N!u 0/ 0 > > v> #og #og / 0 ! 1
! !
<
?h'@ng 4; d<ng &h'(ng &h/& n>y khi g-& &h'(ng $r%nh c d8ng
( ) ( ) ' ( g (
! ;
A)y Bogari$ cCng m*$ c( 45 6 'a Dn $ho/$ ra khEi 45 mF.
M91 : liHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u: YG
( 1 (
2 .5 200
+
*G
2
( 4 ( 2
2 3

%G
2
( 5( 6 ( 3
5 2
+
SG
2
( 1 ( ( 2
3 .2 8.4

G
( ( ( 1
5 . 8 100
+
M. PHgNG TwNH LOG?wIT

I. PhN)n. 'OPnh }].YO1' %) *+n:
0 ! 1 <
#og ;
!
;
( !
(

( )
( )
#og ;
!
;
' ( !
' (

M91 : liHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh: YG
2
#og ( 3 *G #og ( 1 %G #n( = 0
SG
( ) #og ( 5 2
2
+
G ( )
3
#og ( 2 1 ( + DG ( )
2
#og ( 1
2
(
II. C$%h .1+1 Z' [\ JhN)n. 'OPnh }].YO1'
bh1 .1+1 JhN)n. 'OPnh }].YO1' nk1 %hUn.f 'Y %n 0_' 01nU <1&n 0V }].YO1' F$% 0Wnh.
1. NY n %n. %) [\:
0 ! 1 <
( ) ( ) #og ' ( #og g (
! !
gb -i_u ki0n:
' (() 0
g(() 0
>
'
>
xh8Cng >*nh - cho 8Cng -8Cng 67i: '(() = g(()

M91 1: liHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh: YG
( ) ( ) #og 5( 3 #og 7( 5
3 3
+ +
*G ( ) ( )
2
#og ( ( 7 #og ( 3 6 +
%G ( ) ( ) #og ( 5 #og ( 2 3
2 2
+ +
SG ( ) ( )
2
#og ( 3 #og 6( 10 0
2 2
1 +
G ( )
2
2#og #og ( 75
2
2( + DG ( ) #og #og ( 3 2
2 4
(
.G
25
#og ( #og ( #og ( #og (
2 4 8 16
12
+ + + hG ( ) #og #og ( 2
3 3
( 1 + +
1G og
3
x = og
9
(4x + 5) + 1/2 G og
4
(x +3) - og
4
(x
2
- 1) = 0
<G ( ) ( ) #og ( 1 #og 2( 11 #og 2 }G
( ) #og ( #og ( 1 1
2 2
+
ZG
#og ( 4#og ( #og (
4 8
13
2
+ +
nG
#og ( #og ( #og ( 6
3 1
3
3
+ +
]G
( 8
#og #og (
( 1
+
JG
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1
#og ( 4( 1 #og 8( #og 4(
2

,. _' n Jhu:
M91 11: liHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh:
YG
( ) #og ( #og 4( 5
4 2
+
( )R 2006 2007) *G #og
2
3
(("1) 5#og
3
(("1)"6 = 0
%G
2 2
2
#og ( 1) 3#og ( 1) #og 32 0
2 2
x x + + +
SG
2
1 5
5
#og 4#og 5 0 x x
G
2
3 1
3
3#og 4#og 1 0 x x +
DG
1 2
1
4 #n 2 #n x x
+
+
.G
2
2 1
2
2
#og 3#og #og 2 x x x + +
hG
+
2
og 16 og 64 3
2x
x
2. M hkY:
n tp tt nghip Trang 1-
d2 MT PHgNG TwNH M~ MT PHgNG TwNH LOG?wIT
I. Bat Phng trnh mu(
0 1) a <
* Chu y: -Ham so y=a
x
ong ben kh a>1 va nghch ben kh
0<a<1
- Cach ga phng trnh mu van con ung cho vec ga
bpt mu

( ) ( )
( ) ( ) 1
.
( ) ( ) 0 1
f x g x
f x g x neu a
a a
f x g x neu a
> >
>

< < <

( )
( ) #og 1
.
( ) #og 1
b
a
f x
b
a
f x neu a
a b
f x neu a
> >
>

< >
Bai 1: Ga cac bat phng trnh

a) 16
x - 4
8 b)
2 5
1
9
3
x+
_
<

,
c)
6
2
9 3
x
x+
d)
2
6
4 1
x x +
>
e)
2
4 15 4
3 4
1
2 2
2
x x
x
+
_
<

,
f) 5
2x
+ 2 > 3. 5
x
a) 2
2x + 6
+ 2
x + 7
> 17 b) 5
2x - 3
- 2.5
x -2
3 c)
1 1
1 2
4 2 3
x x

> +
d) 5.4
x

+2.25
x
7.10
x
e) 2. 16
x
- 2
4x
- 4
2x - 2
15 f) 4
x +1

-16
x
2og
4
8
g) 9.4
-1/x
+ 5.6
-1/x
< 4.9
-1/x

a) 3
x +1
> 5 b) (1/2)
2x - 3
3
c) 5
x
- 3
x+1
> 2(5
x -1
- 3
x - 2
)
1. 125 5
1
2
+ G G
2. 1 7
6 3
>
+ x
3.
3
1
27
x
4. 4
2
1
4 5
2
>
,
_
+ x x
5.
2
2
9 ) 3 (

>
x
x
6.
3 7 7 3
3
7
7
3

,
_

,
_
x x
7.
2 2 2
7
8
2
3

,
_

,
_
x x
8. 0 5 5 . 4 25 <
x
x
9. 3
3
1
. 2 9
2
2
2
2

,
_
x x
x x
10. 0 2 2 4 <
x x
11.
x x x
9 6 . 2 4 . 3 12. 0 10 3 . 9 3 < +
x x
13.
2 1 4 3 2
5 5 2 2 2
+ + + + +
>
x x x x x
14.
1 3 7 3 2
3 . 2 6
+ +
<
x x x
II. Bat Phng trnh lgar!t
* Chu y: -Ham so ogart ong ben kh a>1 va nghch ben kh
0<a<1
- Cach ga phng trnh ogart van con ung cho vec
ga bpt ogart

( ) ( )
( ) ( ) 0 1
.#og #og
0 ( ) ( ) 0 1
f x g x
a a
f x g x neu a
f x g x neu a
> > >
>

< < < <
( )
( ) 1
.#og
0 ( ) 0 1
b
f x
a
b
f x a neu a
b
f x a neu a
> >
>

< < < <
a) og
4
(x + 7) > og
4
(1 - x) b) og
2
( x + 5) og
2
(3 - 2x) - 4
c) og
2
( x
2
- 4x - 5) < 4 d) og
1/2
(og
3
x) 0
e) 2og
8
( x- 2) - og
8
( x- 3) > 2/3 f) og
2x
(x
2
-5x + 6) < 1
g) 1
3
3 1
#og 1
2
x
x

>
+
a) og
2
2
+ og
2
x 0 b) og
1/3
x > og
x
3 - 5/2
c) og
2
x + og
2x
8 4 d)
1 1
1
1 #og #og x x
+ >
e)
16
2
1
#og 2.#og 2
#og 6
x x
x
>
f)
4 1
4
3 1 3
#og (3 1).#og ( )
16 4
x
x

Bai 3. Ga cac bat phng trnh
a) og
3
(x + 2) 2 - x b) og
5
(2
x
+ 1) < 5 - 2x
c) og
2(
5 - x) > x + 1 d) og
2
(2
x
+ 1) + og
3
(4
x
+ 2)
2
ChN)n. III: NGirN HM TCH PHN
d1 NGirN HM
?. MNG NGirN HM:
1.
0dx C
2
2
x
xdx C +
2.
1 dx dx x C +

kdx kx C +
3.
1
( 1)
1
x
x dx C
+

+
+
( )
( )
1
1
.
1 a
ax b
ax b dx C
+
+
+
+ +
4.
1
#n dx x C
x
+
1
.
1
#n
a
dx ax b C
ax b
+ +
+
5.
2
1 1
dx C
x x
+
( )
2
1 1 1
. dx C
a ax b
ax b
+
+
+
6.
1
2 dx x C
x
+
1
.
1
2.
a
dx ax b C
ax b
+ +
+
7.
x x
e dx e C +
1
ax b ax b
e dx e C
a
+ +
+
8. ( 0, 1)
#n
x
x
a
a dx C a a
a
+ >
1
. ( 0, 1)
#n
kx b
kx b
k
a
a dx C a a
a
+
+
+ >
9.
cos sin xdx x C +
( ) ( ) .
1
cos sin ax b dx ax b C
a
+ + +
10.
sin cos xdx x C +
( ) ( )
1
sin .cos ax b dx ax b C
a
+ + +
11.
2
2
1
(1 !n ) !n
cos
dx x dx x C
x
+ +

( )
( )
2
1 1
!n
cos a
dx ax b C
ax b
+ +
+
12.
2
2
1
(1 co ) co
sin
dx x dx x C
x
+ +

( )
( )
2
1 1
co
sin
dx ax b C
ax b a
+ +
+
M. C!C PHgNG PH!P TM NGHirN HM:

1. PhN)n. Jh$J 0NY n %$% n.UBln h9Z %) *+n:
AiSu Ein h,+ s E87i ELng:
1 2
( ) ( ) ( ) ... f x af x bf x + +
)>ong -1 ! - ;i3 ngu&[n h,+ c2! cPc h,+ s
1 2
( ), ( ),... f x f x
#,
1 2
( ), ( ),... H x H x
rB&
1 2
( ) ( ), ( ) ... H x aH x bH x C + + +
,. PhN)n. Jh$J 071 *16n [\:
H PhN)n. Jh$J: )enh:
( ( )) '( ) I f x x dx
" gb
( ) '( ) $ x d$ x dx
(+@= 'Go h.m 2 !A$
"
( ) I f $ d$
(thA !.o$
2. PhN)n. Jh$J '8nh n.UBln h9Z 'n. Jhn:
( ) ( ) I J x K x dx
" gb:
( ) '( )
( ) ( )
u J x du J x dx
dv K x dx v H x
'

67i (() #, 1 ngu&[n h,+ c2! (()
"
I uv vdu
H Nho:
" )hT i 8u i[n khi -b u: #c, -!, #u&, +u, #8Xng.
" Fhi x(() #, 1 -! hTc chT! (
. R3u (() #, sin( hobc cos( hobc D
(
h* -b u = x((), E6 = (()E(
. R3u (() #, #n( h* -b u = ((), E6 = x(()E(
C. MI TP:
M91 1: CM h9Z [\ EFG }9 n.UBln h9Z %XY h9Z [\ DEFG:
H PhN)n. Jh$J:
" )*+ B4 (Pc -Qnh v c2! h,+ s (() 6, '(()
" 5o: (() = '(() x v
1= 5op (() = 2( " sin2( #, 1 ngu&[n h,+ c2! h,+ s '(() = 4cos
2
(
H HNon. Sn:
" )B4 (Pc -Qnh c2! (() 6, '(() #,
" (() = 2 " 2co(2( = 2(1 " cos2() = 2.2cos
2
( = 4cos
2
( = '(()
" rB& (() #, 1 ngu&[n h,+ c2! '(()
2= 5op (() = 4sin(" (4( " 5)D
(
" 1 #, 1 ngu&[n h,+ c2! h,+ s '(() = 4cos( " (4( " 9)D
(

M91 ,: TPZ n.UBln h9Z EFG %XY h9Z [\ DEFG 'hY 01nU <1&n %h] 'ONo% }9 EYG C *:
H PhN)n. Jh$J:
" )*+ (() = x(() " 5 (|)
" )h!& (!) = ; 6,o (|) Y -1 *+ 5
" F3 #uBn (() =
1= )*+ ngu&[n h,+ (() c2! h,+ s
3 2
2
3 3 1
( )
2 1
x x x
y f x
x x
+ +

+ +
;i3
1
(1)
3
H
| ^87ng E`n:
" Ai3n -Oi:
3 2
2 2
3 3 1 2
( ) 1
2 1 ( 1)
x x x
y f x x
x x x
+ +
+
+ + +
"
2
2
2 2
( ) ( ) 1
( 1) 2 1
x
H x f x dx x dx x C
x x
_

,
+ + + +
+ +

" )! c1:
2
1 1
1 1 2 1 13
(1) 1
3 2 3 6
H C C
+
+ + +
" rB&:
2
2 13
( )
2 1 6
x
H x x
x
+ +
+
2= )*+ ngu&[n h,+ (() c2! h,+ s & = '(() = 2( " 1 ;i3 (1) = 2
3= )*+ ngu&[n h,+ (() c2! h,+ s & = '( () =
2
1
2 x
x
+
;i3 (1) = 2
4= )*+ ngu&[n h,+ (() c2! h,+ s & = '(() = 4(
3
3(
2
" 2 ;i3 (1) = 3
M91 2: TPZ:
1=
3 2x
e dx
2=
2
!n xdx
3=
2
2
sin
x
dx
4=
2
cos xdx
5=
2
2 3 4
1
x x
dx
x
+
+
6= ( )
1
x x
e e dx
7=
2 2
cos 2
cos .sin
x
dx
x x
8=
2 1
x
x
dx
e
9=
2 2
1
cos .sin
dx
x x
10=
sin5 cos3 x xdx
11=
2 1
( 1)( 2)
x
dx
x x
12=
3
1 x x
dx
x
+ +
13=
1
(1 )(1 2 )
dx
x x +
14=
5 5
( 2)( 3)
x
dx
x x
15=
2 2
1
cos .sin
dx
x x
M91 5: Sj Sun. JhN)n. Jh$J 071 *16n [\f '8nh:

( ( )) '( ) I f x x dx
" gb
( ) '( ) $ x d$ x dx
(+@= 'Go h.m 2 !A$
"
( ) I f $ d$
(thA !.o$
1= ( )
9
1 x dx
2=
( )
3
2
2
1 x x dx +
3=
3
cos sin x xdx
4=
1
2
x x
dx
e e
+ +
5=
2
x
xe dx
6=
3
cos sin x xdx
7= ( )
5
3 x x dx
8=
3 4
sin cos x xdx
9=
2
1
x
dx
x +
10=
2
1 x x dx +
11=
3 2 3
1 x x dx +
(( Z 1) 12=
2
(#n ) x
dx
x
13=
3
cos sin x xdx
14=
xdx x . 1
2
+
15=
1 2x
dx
16=
+ xdx x
7 2
) 1 2 (
17=
+ dx x x
2 4 3
) 5 (
18=
1
2
0
5
x
dx
x +
19= 20= 21=

M91 :: Sj Sun. JhN)n. Jh$J '8nh n.UBln h9Z 'n. Jhnf '8nh:
( ) ( ) I J x K x dx
" gb:
( ) '( )
( ) ( )
u J x du J x dx
dv K x dx v H x
'

67i (() #, 1 ngu&[n h,+ c2! (()
"
I uv vdu
H Nho:
" )hT i 8u i[n khi -b u: #c, -!, #u&, +u, #8Xng.
" Fhi x(() #, 1 -! hTc chT! (
. R3u (() #, sin( hobc cos( hobc D
(
h* -b u = x((), E6 = (()E(
. R3u (() #, #n( h* -b u = ((), E6 = x(()E(
1=
#n x xdx
2=
2
2 1) (
x
x x e dx +
3=
sin(2 1) x x dx +
4=
(1 ) cos x xdx
5=
#n(1 ) x x dx
6=
2
sin x xdx
7=
2
#n x xdx
8=
xdx x sin .
9=
xdx xcos
10=
xdx x 2 sin
11=
.cos 2 x xdx
12=
#n xdx
d, TCH PHN
I. ING 1: T8nh '8%h Jh/n S^Y 9] 0Wnh n.hY 9 %$% '8nh %hT' %XY '8%h Jh/n:
H Ih:;ng phEp: /iAn 'Ji h.m K L:2i L@u tMch ph6n !N LGng tJng* hiu cEc h.m K c ngu=On
h.m:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
b
b
a
a
f x dx H x H b H a
M91 1: T8nh %$% '8%h Jh/n:

1=
1
2 2
0
( 1) dx x x
2/

_

,
4
4
2
4
3sn2
cos
x dx
x
3/
1
2
2
1 1
e
x x dx
x x
_

,
+ + +
4/
1
0
3
( ) $ $ $ d$ +
5/

2
1
3
2
2
dx
x
x x
6=
2
1 ( 1 +
1
dx
x
7=
( 2
5
2
dx
x 2 + +
8=
0
2 3
1
x
e dx
+
8=
1 3
2
0
(1 3 ) x dx +
9=
#n 2 2 1
0
1
x
x
e
dx
e
+
+
10=
4
2
1
1 1
$ d$
$
$
_

,
+
11=
3
1
3
( 1) x dx
12=
2
2
( 3)dx x x
13=
2
0
(2cos sin ) x x dx
14=
3
2 2
6
1
sin cos
dx
x x
15=
3
2 2
4
cos 2
sin cos
x
dx
x x
M91 ,: T8nh %$% '8%h Jh/n: E'8%h Jh/n %h(Y .1$ 'OW 'UB&' 0\1G
1= =
3
1
2 x dx
2=
3
2
1
3 2 x x dx +
3=
1
2
2
2 x x dx
4=
3
2
1 xdx
5=
2
2
0
4 3 x x dx +
6=
M91 2: T8nh %$% '8%h Jh/n:
H TMch ph6n h.m hPu tQ LGng /c tR +2n h;n ha= /Sng /c mu: chia tR cho mTu tEch th.nh
tJng cUa 1 ph6n ngu=On !. 1 ph6n K r(i tMnh
1=
1 2
2
2 5 1
3
x x
dx
x
2=
4
2
2 1
1
x
dx
x
3=
2
D
1
7( 2 ( 5
E(
(

4=
1 2
0
2 3
2
x x
dx
x

5=
1
2
0
3
2
1
1
x
dx
x

6=
1 2
0
2 3
3
x x
dx
x
+ +
+
7=
3
2
2
1
x
dx
x
+
8=
2
0
3 1
1
2
x
x dx
x
_

,
9=
5 2
4
2 5
3
x x
dx
x
+
M91 5: T8nh %$% '8%h Jh/n:

H "Gng
( )
( )( )
b
a
J x
dx
x a x b + +
xhKn ech:
( ) ( ) ( )
( )( ) ( )( )
J x L M L x a M x b
x a x b x a x b x a x b

+ + +
+
+ + + + + +
( ) ( ) ( ) J x L x a M x b + + +
(|)
5ho ( = nghi0+ +ù:
, x a x b
. )h!& 6,o (|) *+ U, A
H "Gng
( )
( )
b
n
a
J x
dx
x a +
: 4hKn ech
2
...
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
n n
J x L M C
x a x a x a x a
+ + +
+ + + +
H "Gng
2
( )
( )( )
b
a
J x
dx
x a x b + +
: 4hKn ech
2 2
( )
( )( ) ( )
J x L M
x a x b x a x b
+
+ + + +
1=
0
1
4 3
( 1)( 5)
x
dx
x x
2=
4
2
3
3
3 2
x
dx
x x
3=
2
1
5 5
( 2)( 3)
x
dx
x x
4=
1
0
( 1)(2 1)
x
dx
x x + +
5=
5
3
2 1
( 1)( 2)
x
dx
x x
6=
0
2
4
( 1)( 3)
dx
x x
7=
5
2
4
2 3
3 2
x
dx
x x
8=
2
1
1
( 4)
dx
x x
9=
V.i %: TMnh cEc tMch ph6n: (h.m +:Wng giEc: hG /c* tMch th.nh tJng*XXX$
1=
0
sin2 cos3 x xdx
2=
2
2 2
3
0
sn .cos . x xdx
3=
2
3
0
sn 2 . xdx
4=
(2sin 3cos ) x x dx
5=
0
2 2cos 2xdx
6=
2
2
sin7 sin 2 x xdx
7=
2
2
0
cos xdx
8=
2
0
sin cos
2
x
xdx
9=
2
0
2 sin cos x xdx
10=
2
0
cos3 cos x xdx
11=
3 3
2
6
3 cos
cos
x
dx
x
12=
2
2
sin3 .cos5 x xdx
13=
2
0
2 5
sin .cos x xdx
14=
0
sin .cos3 x xdx
15=
0
6
cos3 cos5 x xdx
II. ING ,: T8nh '8%h Jh/n *n. JhN)n. Jh$J 071 *16n:
YX 3Ji /iAn LGng 1:
| )enh:
( )
b
a
f x dx I
" A87c 1: gb
( ) '( ) x u $ dx u $ d$
" A87c 2: -Oi cBn:
( )
( )
x a u $ a $
x b u $ b $

" A87c 3: h!& 6,o
$ ( )%. '( ) I f u $ u $ d$
ChK L: Fhi gb4 ech 4hKn +, ;iSu hTc E87i ENu ech 4hKn c1 ELng:
2 2
a x h* -b ( = !sin

| ; |
2 2

+
2 2
a x h* -b ( = !!n

( ; )
2 2

2 2
x a h* -b ( =
sn
a
t

| ; |
2 2

z { } 0
Zp L>ng: TMnh cEc tMch ph6n Kau:
1y
1
2 2
0
1 x x dx
2=
3
2
0
1
9
dx
x +
3=
1
2
0
1
4
dx
x
4=
2
2
0
12
1
dx
x +
5=
2
2
0
4 x dx
6=
1 2
2
0
1
x
dx
x
7=
1
2
0
1 x dx
8=
3
2
0
1
3
dx
x +
9=
1
2
2
0
1 4x dx
VX 3Ji /iAn LGng 2:

H )enh:
$ ( )% '( )
b
a
f u x u x dx I
" A87c 1: -Oi ;i3n: -b

( ) '( ) t u x dt u x dx
" A87c 2: -Oi cBn:
x a $
x b $

" A87c 3: h!& 6,o
( ) I f $ d$
V.i 1: TMnh cEc tMch ph6n:

1=
1
2
0
2
2 2
1
x
dx
x x +
+
+
2=
2
1
2
0
x
e xdx
+
3=
2
3 2
0
sin cos x xdx
4=
1
1 3#n .#n +
e
x x
dx
x
5=
( )
2
4
0
sin 1 cos x xdx
6=
5
#n
e
e
x x
dx
7=
2
0
sin
1 3cos
xdx
x
8=
2
3
6
cos
sin
xdx
x
9=
1
2
0
1 x x dx
10=
1
2
1
2
1
x
dx
x
11=
1
2
0
2
x
dx
x +
12=
2
0
cos
1 sin
xdx
x
13=
0
2
1
3 x x dx
14=
1
#n
e
x
dx
x
15=
2
#n
e
e
x x
dx
16=
2
0
1 cos sin x xdx
17=
12
0
!n 4xdx
16=
1 2
3
0
1
x
dx
x +
19=
2
cos
4
sin
x
e xdx
20=
1
2
0
1 x x dx +
21=
2
2 3
0
1 x x dx +
22= ( )
1
4
3 4
0
1 x x dx +
23=
2
0
5
sin xcoxdx
24=
1
2 5
0
( 3) x x dx +
25=
1
2
#n
e
x
dx
x
26=
2
1
2
2
1
x
dx
x +
27=
1
2 3 4
1
( ) 1 x x dx
28=
+
1
2
0
8
x
dx
x
29=
1
3
0
x
xe dx
30=
#n
1
e x
e dx
x
31=
2
1
2
0
x
xe dx
+
32=
1
0
1
x
x
e dx
e +
33=
2
2
1
3 x x dx +
34=
0
2
1
3 x x dx
35=
( )
1
1
1 #n
e
dx
x x +
36=
2
1 2sin
0
cos
x
e xdx
37=
= 2
3
=6
cos
sin
x
dx
x
38=
2
sin
0
cos
x
e xdx
39=
2
2 3
0
sin cos x xdx
40/
1
1
1 #n
e
x
xdx
41=
2
1
1
x
x
e dx
e
42=
4
1
x
e dx
x
V.i 2: TMnh cEc tMch ph6n:

1=
5
1
2
2 1 x x dx
2=
1
3 2
0
1 . x x dx
3=
3 2
3
0 2
( 1)
x
dx
x
4=
1
3 2
0
1 x x dx +
5=
1
3 2
0
1 x x dx
6=
3 2
0
4sin
1 cos
xdx
x
7=
2
3 2
4
sin cos x xdx
8=
1
0
1 x x dx +
9=
2
2 3
4
sin cos x xdx
10=
1
0
3
1 x xdx
11/
2
3
0
sin xdx
12=
2
3
0
cos xdx
13=
1
5
0
(1 ) d x x x
14=
8
3
1
x
dx
x +
15=
1
0
(1 )
1
x
x
e x
dx
xe
+
+
II. ING 2: T8nh '8%h Jh/n *n. JhN)n. Jh$J '8%h Jh/n 'n. Jhn:
| )enh :
b
a
I udv
" A87c 1: -b
( ) '( )
'( ) ( )
u u x du u x dx
dv v x dx v v x

" A87c 2: h!& 6,o c<ng hTc:
b
b
a
a
I uv vdu
LNU L: th7 t[ :u tiOn \hi 't u: +c* 'a* +,=* m,* +:WngX ]hng 't u +. h.m +:Wng giEc
}4 E?ng: )enh cPc ech 4hKn:
1=
2
0
( 1)sin x xdx
2=
2
1
#n
e
x xdx
3=
( )
1
0
3 +
x
x e dx
4=
1
0
#n(1 ) x dx +
5=
2
2
1
#n(1 ) x
dx
x
+
6=
6
0
(2 )sin3 x xdx
7=
1
2 2
0
( 1)
x
x e dx +
8=
4
0
2
cos
x
dx
x
9/
2
0
( 1) cos x xdx
10=
2
1
(1 ) #n
e
x xdx
11=
1
2
0
#n(1 ) x x dx +
12=
5
2
2 #n( 1) x x dx
13=
2
0
cos
x
e xdx
14=
1
3
0
x
xe dx
15=
2
1
#n
e
x
x
dx
16=
1
0
(4 1)
x
x e dx +
17=
1
2
0
( 1).
x
x e dx +
18=
0
(2 1)cos x xdx
19=
= 2
0
sin
x
e xdx
20=
( )
2
0
4 1 x .snx.dx +
21=
d2 NG I`NG C>? TCH PHN TwONG HNH HC
1/ Dang toan1: Dien tch hnh phang gii han bi 1 ng cong
!a 3 ng thang"
"ng th#$%
Cho ham so y=f(x) en tuc tren oan |a;b| kh o den tch hnh phang
g han b ng cong (C) :y=f(x) va cac ng thang x= a; x=b; y=
0 a :
( )
b
a
: f x dx
2/ Dang toan2: Dien tch hnh phang gii han bi 2 ng
cong !a 2 ng thang"
"ng th#$%
Cho ham so y=f(x) co o th (C) va y=g(x) co o th (C) en tuc tren
oan |a;b| kh o den tch hnh phang g han b ng cong (C), (C)
va cac ng thang x= a; x=b a :
( ) ( )
b
a
: f x g x dx
Phng &ha#& g!a! ta#n%

B1: Lap phng trnh hoanh o gao em ga (C) va (C)
B2: Tnh den tch hnh phang can tm:
#$1:
Neu phng trnh hoanh o gao em vo nghem trong (a;b). Kh o
den tch hnh phang can tm a:
$ ( ) ( )%
b
a
: f x g x dx
#$2:
Neu phng trnh hoanh o gao em co 1 nghem a x
1
(a;b). Kh o
den tch hnh phang can tm a:
1
1
( ) ( ) $ ( ) ( )% $ ( ) ( )%
x b b
a a x
: f x g x dx f x g x dx f x g x dx +

#$3:
Neu phng trnh hoanh o gao em co cac nghem a x
1
; x
2
(a;b).
Kh o den tch hnh phang can tm a:
[ ] [ ] [ ]
1 1 2
2
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) + +

x x x
a x b
: f x g x dx f x g x dx f x g x dx
"hu# y#% ' Neu phng trnh hoanh o gao em co nheu hn 2
nghem am tng t trng hp 3.
* Dang toan 1 a trng hp ac bet cua dang toan 2 kh
ng cong g(x)=0
() *u+ ,+%
Tnh den tch hnh phang g han b o th cua ham so y = snx
tren oan |0;2
| va truc hoanh .
Ga :
Ta co :snx = 0 co 1 nghem x= ( ) 0;2
vay den tch hnh phang can
tm a:
{ =

+

2 2
0 0
sn sn sn x dx xdx xdx
=

+
2
0
cos cos x x
= 4
() *u+ -%
Tnh den tch hnh phang g han b (P
1
): y = x
2
-2 x , va (P
2
) y= x
2
+ 1
va cac ng thang x = -1 ; x =2 .
.!a!
phhg : x
2
-2 x = x
2
+ 1
U
2x +1= 0
U
x = -1/2 . Do o :
S =
2 1/ 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1/2
( 2 ) ( 1) |( 2 ) ( 1)| |( 2 ) ( 1)| x x x dx x x x dx x x x dx
-
- - -
- - + = - - + + - - +

=
( ) ( )
1/2 2
1 1/ 2
2 1 2 1 x dx x dx
-
- -
+ + +

= ( ) ( )
1
2
2 2
2
1
1
2
x x x x
-
- -
+ + +
=
1 25 13
4 4 2
+ =
() *u+ /%
Tnh den tch hnh phang g han b (P): y
2
= 4 x va ng thang (d):
2x+y-4 = 0.
%iai: Ta co (P): y
2
= 4 x
x =
2
4
y
va (d): 2x+y-4 = 0
x=
4
2
y
.
Phng trnh tung o gao em cua (P) va ng thang (d) a:
2
4
y
=
4
2
y
2
4
y
y

Vay den tch hnh phang can tm a:

S=
2 2 2 2 2 3
2
4
4 4
4
( ) (2 ) (2 ) 9
2 4 2 4 4 12
y y y y y y
dy dy y

Bai tap:
M91 1:
1/ Tnh den tch hnh phang g han ga ng cong (P): y= x
2
- 2x
va truc 0x.
2/ Tnh den tch hnh phang g han b ng cong (H):
+
1 x
y
x
va
cac ng thang co phng trnh x=1, x=2 va y=0
3/ Tnh den tch hnh phang g han ga ng cong (C): y= x
4
-
4x
2
+5 va ng thang (d): y=5.
4/ Tnh den tch hnh phang g han b (C): y = x
3
-3 x , va y = x .
M91 ,: T8nh S1&n '8%h hPnh Jhn. .1o1 h3n *1 %$% 0Nn. [YU:
1y
2
2 , 1, 2 y x x x x 'Ou% h]9nh OF ,y
2
4 , 1, 3 y x x x x 'Ou% h]9nh OF
2y
2
1 / 0 y x y 5y
2 2
2 , 4 y x x y x x + :y
2
2 y x x + 6,
3 y x

;y
2
( ) 4 f x x x 6,
3 2
( ) 3 2 g x x x x y
2 2
2 2 , 3 6, 0, 4 y x x y x x x x +
y
2
3 4, 0, 1, 3 y x x y x x + y
3 2
5 4 , 0, 1, 3 y x x x y x x +
1y
2 2
5, 3 7 y x x y x x + + + 11y
3
1, , , 1 + y x Nx Ny x
2/ Dang toan 3: #he& tch c'a (ot !at the& t)on *oa+
The tch cua vat the tron xoay snh ra kh hnh phang g han b
ng cong (C) co phng trnh y= f(x) va cac ng thang x= a, x=b ,
y= 0 quay mot vong xung quanh truc ox a:
2
( )
b
a
O f x dx

, -' 1: Tnh the tch kho cau snh ra do quay hnh tron co tam O ban
knh R quay xung quanh truc ox tao ra.
Ga: Nng tron tam O ban knh R co phng trnh :x
2
+ y
2
= R
2

y
2
=
R
2
-x
2
The tch kho cau a : V=
( )
2 2
R
R
R x dx
=
3
2
3
R
R
x
R x

,
=
3
3
2
2
3
R
R
_

,
=
3
4
3
R (vtt)
, -' 2: Tnh the tch cua vat the tron xoay, snh ra b mo hnh
phang g han b cac ng sau kh no quay xung quanh truc Ox: x =
-1 ; x = 2 ; y = 0 ; y = x
2
-2x
%iai: The tch cua vat the tron xoay can tm a :
2 2
2 2 4 3 2
1 1
( 2 ) ( 4 4 ) S x x dx x x x dx

+

=
5
2
4 3
1
4
( )
5 3
x
x x
+ =
18
5
(vtt)
Bai tap: Tnh the tch cua vat the tron xoay, snh ra b mo hnh
phang g han b cac ng sau kh no quay xung quanh truc Ox:
a/ y = cosx ; y = 0 ; x = 0 ; x =
4
b/ y = sn
2
x ; y = 0 ; x = 0 ; x =

c/ y =
2
x
xe
; y = 0 ; x = 0 ; x = 1 dy
2
4 , 1, 3 y x x x x 'Ou% h]9nh OF
D=
2
2 / 0 y x x y
ChN)n. IV: S PHC
I. TkZ '|' }L 'hUB6'
1. Wnh n.hY [\ Jh(%
{ 4hTc #, +. ;iSu hTc c1 ELng =!";i , >ong -1 ! 6, ; #, cPc s hic, i #, +. s
hq! +n
2
1 i
.
o ! #, 4hWn hic.
o ; #, 4hWn Ho.
o i #, -Cn 6Q Ho.
)B4 hX4 cPc s 4hTc ke hi0u #, .
_' *1&':
o { 4hTc = ! " 0i c1 4hWn Ho ;ng 0 -8Xc coi #, s hic 6, 6i3 = !.
o { 4hTc = 0 " ;i c1 4hWn hic ;ng 0 -8Xc gci #, s huWn Ho ( s Ho) 6, 6i3 =
;i.
o { 4hTc = 0 " 0i 6Y! #, s hic 6Y! #, s Ho.
,. S\ Jh(% *n. nhYU.
^!i s 4hTc = ! " ;i 6, ' = !' " ;'i ;ng nh!u n3u 4hWn hic 6, 4hWn Ho c2! chang
8Cng Tng ;ng nh!u.
o
! = !'
= ' ! " ;i = !' " ;'i
; = ;'

'
2. M1VU S1n hPnh h% %XY [\ Jh(%.

{ 4hTc = ! " ;i -8Xc ;iSu Ein ;ti -iS+ o(!/;) >ong +b 4h:ng @(&.
5. M- 0Un [\ Jh(%.
o<-un s 4hTc = !";i #, s hic kh<ng K+ ke hi0u
2 2
= ! "; .
:. S\ Jh(% }1ln hJ.
{ 4hTc #i[n hX4 c2! s 4hTc = ! " ;i #, s 4hTc
= ! h ;i
.
;. Cn.f 'Of nh/n 9 %h1Y [\ Jh(%.
Cn.f 'Of nh/n , [\ Jh(%: nh: 'a th7cX
Ch1Y , [\ Jh(%: nh6n tR !. mu cho K ph7c +iOn hWp cUa muX
5ho h!i s 4hTc =!";i 6, '=!'";'i .
o 5.ng h!i s 4hTc: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
!";i !'";'i ' ' a a b b i + + + + .
o )>Y h!i s 4hTc: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
!";i !'";'i ' ' a a b b i + .
o RhKn h!i s 4hTc: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
!";i !'";'i !!'h;;' ' ' ab a b i + + .
o 5hi! h!i s 4hTc
2 2 2 2
!";i ( )( ' ' ) !!'h;;' ' '
!'";'i ( ' ' )( ' ' ) ' ' ' '
+ +
+
+
a bi a b i ab a b
i
a b i a b i a b a b
.
. Cn *4% hY1 %XY [\ 'h^% /Z.
5n ;Bc h!i c2! s hic ! K+ #, i a t .
. PhN)n. 'OPnh *4% hY1 o1 h& [\ 'h^%.
5ho 4h8Cng >*nh ;Bc h!i
2
!( ("c=0 +b
67i !,;,c , ! 0 .
2
4 b ac

0 < : 4h8Cng >*nh c1 h!i nghi0+ 4hTc:
1,2
2
b i
x
a
t
.
0 : 4h8Cng >*nh c1 nghi0+ kJ4:
2
b
x
a

0 > : 4h8Cng >*nh c1 h!i nghi0+ hic:
1,2
2
t
b
x
a
.
H MTZ Z$B: Z]S : 2 hobc
M]S ,
2
4 :
2
B D
D B AC X
A
+

C?LC
. PhN)n. 'OPnh 'On. JhN)n.:
vLng:
4 2
0 ax bx c + +
/ !,;,c , ! 0
liHi: ;N+: +oED 5 3, nghi0+:
2
x

II. C$% S3n. *91 '4J.
M91 1: fPc -Qnh 4hWn hic 6, 4hWn Ho c2! s 4hTc
1. =
( )
1 2 3i + 2.
2 3 4
=1"2i 3i 4 5 + i i
îFi
1. { 4hTc =
( )
1 2 3i + c1 4hWn hic #, =
1 2 +
4hWn 6,o #,
3
2.
2 3 4
=1"2i 3i 4 5 i i +
4 2 4 5 + i i 1 2 i
rB& s 4hTc c1 4hWn hic #,
1, 4hWn Ho #,
2.
M91 ,: 5ho h!i s 4hTc 2 3 , '=3 4i + P i .
1. fPc -Qnh 4hWn hic 6, 4hWn Ho c2! s 4hTc ".
2. fPc -Qnh 4hWn hic 6, 4hWn Ho c2! s 4hTc
2.
3. fPc -Qnh 4hWn hic 6, 4hWn Ho c2! s 4hTc 2..
fPc -Qnh 4hWn hic 6, 4hWn Ho c2! s 4hTc
'
P
P
.
îFi
1. )! c1: ' 2 3 3 4i=5 i + + + P P i .
{ 4hTc " c1 4hWn hic #, 5, 4hWn Ho #,
1.
2. )! c1: ( )
2 ' 2 3 2 3 4i = 4"11i + P P i
.
{ 4hTc " c1 4hWn hic #,
4, 4hWn Ho #, 11.
3. )! c1 ( ) ( )
2 . ' 2 2 3 3 4i = 36 2 + + P P i i
{ 4hTc 2. c1 4hWn hic #, 36, 4hWn Ho #, 2.
4. )!c1
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 3 3 4
2 3 6 17 6 17
' 3 4 3 4 3 4 25 25 25
+ +
+ +
+
+
i i
P i i
i
P i i i
{ 4hTc
'
P
P
c1 4hWn hic
6
25
6, 4hWn Ho #,
17
25
.
M91 2: fPc -Qnh 4hWn Ho c2! s 4hTc
1.
( ) ( )
2
= 1"2i 1 3 2 i i + + 2.
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 2 3 1 2 P i i i i + +
îFi:
1.
( ) ( )
2
= 1"2i 1 3 2 i i + + 3 4 3 2 2 5 + + + + + i i i
rB& s 4hTc c1 4hWn Ho #, 5.
2. TY %k
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 2 3 1 2 P i i i i + +

( ) ( )
2 2 3 2
6 4 2
8 3
+ + +
+ +

P i i i
P i i
P i
rB& s 4hTc c1 4hWn Ho #, h3.
M91 5: fPc -Qnh 4hWn hic 6, 4hWn Ho c2! s 4hTc ;i3
4 2
1
i
P
i
+
+
)! c1
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
4 2 1
4 2 6 2
3
1 1 1 3
+
+

+ +
i i
i i
P i
i i i
3 + P i
rB& s 4hTc c1 4hWn hic #, 3 4hWn Ho
1.
M91 :: fPc -Qnh 4hWn Ho c2! s 4hTc ;i3
( ) ( )
2
2 1 2 P i i +
TY %k
( ) ( )
2
2 1 2 P i i +

( ) ( )
1 2 2 1 2 + P i i
5 2 5 2 + P i P i
rB& s 4hTc c1 4hWn Ho #, 2 .
M91 ;: 5ho s 4hTc
( ) ( )
2
1 1 1 P mi mi + + + + . fPc -Qnh s hic + -S #, s huWn Ho.
TY %k
( ) ( )
2
1 1 1 P mi mi + + + +

( )
2 2
2
1 1 1 2
3 3
P mi mi m i
P m mi
+ + + + +
+

gS #, s huWn Ho
2
3
3 0
3
m
m
m
rB& 67i
3, 3 m m
h* #, s huWn Ho.
M91 : fPc -Qnh 4hWn hic, 4hWn Ho, +< -un, s 4hTc #i[n hX4 c2! cPc s 4hTc:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 2
2
1. 8 6 2 3i 2. 1 2 2 4 3 1
3. 3 4i 2 3 4. 1 i =3 4i
2 i
2 3i
5. = 6. =
1"i 1 i

+ +

P i P i i i
i
M91 : fPc -Qnh 4hWn hic 6, 4hWn Ho c2! s 4hTc , ;i3:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 1
1. 2 2 1 3i 2. 3 1 3. i 3 4i 2 4
1
+
+
+ P i P i i
i
gM91 : fPc -Qnh +<-un 6, *+ s 4hTc #i[n hX4 c2! s 4hTc , ;i3:
1. 4 3 + P i 2. 8 6 P i

îFi
1.
2 2
= 4 "3 5 , 4 3 z i +
2.
( )
2
2
= 8 " h6 10
, 8 6 z i +
M91 1: 5ho h!i s 4hTc 2 3 , ' = 4 11i + P i . fPc -Qnh +<-un s 4hTc " .
)! c1: ' 2 3 4 11i=6 8i + + + P P i .
{ 4hTc ' =6 8i + P P c1 +<-un #,
( )
2
2
' = 6 8i 6 8 100 10 + + P P
.
M91 11: 5ho h!i s 4hTc
( )
3
1 3
1
i
P
i
. fPc -Qnh +<-un s 4hTc

P iP +
.
TY %k:
( )
( )
( ) ( )
3
1 3
8 1
8 8 8
4 4
1 1 1 1 2
i
i
i
P i
i i i i
+

+

( )
2
4 4
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8
P i
P iP i i i i i i i
+
+ + + +
rB& +<-un s 4hTc
P iP +
#,
( ) ( )
2 2
8 8 8 8 8 2 P iP i + + .
M91 '4J }UB&n '4J
M91 1,: )*+ 4hWn hic, 4hWn Ho, +<-un, s 4hTc #i[n hX4 c2! cPc s 4hTc:
( )
2
1. 1 2 2i 3i "2 + P i
( )
2 3i
2. =
1 i
i
( ) ( ) ( )
3. 1 2 2 3 1 3 + + P i i i i i
( )
2
3
4. 2i 1 2 i i
5.
i (2 4i)(3 2i) + +
6.
3 3
( 1 i) (2i) +
7.
2
2
(1 i)
1 i
+ +
8. ( )
2 4 5
3 2
2
+
+
i
i
i
M91 12: liHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u >[n B4 s 4hTc
1. i =3 7i
( )
2. i " 4 " 5i =i 6 " 3i
( ) ( )
3. 1 i 2 4 5 + P i i
M91 .1+1
1. i =3 7i
)! c1
i =3 7i
( ) ( )
( )
3 7
3 7 7 3
7 3
. 1
i i
i i
P i
i i i

( )
2. i " 4 " 5i = i 6 " 3i

( )
2
3 6 4 5
7
7
7
1 7
+
+
+
+
+
iP i i
iP i
i i
i
P i
i i
( ) ( )
3. 1 i 2 4 5 + P i i
( )
1 i (2 ) 4 5 + P i i
( )
1 i 2 4 P i

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 4 1
2 4 6 2
3
1 1 1 2
+

+
i i
i i
P i
i i i
M91 15: liHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u
2
( 2( " 5 = 0
>[n B4 s 4hTc.
)! c1 ! = 1, ; =
2, c = 5.
)enh
( )
2
2
4!c= 2 4.1.5 4 20 16 b
xh8Cng >*nh c1 h!i nghi0+ 4hTc
1
2
1 2
1 2
+
x i
x i
M91 1:: liHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u
2
6 "10=0 P P
>[n B4 s 4hTc.
)! c1 ! =1, ;=
6, c =10.
)enh
( )
2
2
4!c= 6 4.1.10 36 40 4 b
1
2
3
3
+
P i
P i
M91 1;: lci
1 2
, #, h!i nghi0+ 4hTc c2! 4h8Cng >*nh
2
2 "10=0 P P . )enh giP >Q c2! ;iSu hTc
2 2
1 2
U= P P + .
)! c1 ! = 1, ; =
2, c =10.
)enh
( )
2
2
4!c = 2 4.1.10 4 40 36 b
1
2
1 3
1 3
+
P i
P i
)! c1
1 2
10, 10 P .
rB&
2 2
1 2
U= P P + = 10"10 = 20.
4 2
3 4= 0 + P P >[n B4 s 4hTc.
2
4 2
2
1 1
3 4=0
2
4
t
P
P P
P i
P
4 2
10 " 9 = 0 + x x
>[n B4 s 4hTc.
4 2
10 "9=0 + x x
2
2
1
9

x
x

3
t
x i
x i
M91 1: liHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u >[n B4 s 4hTc:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
1. 1 3 2 3i 1 i 2. 1 2 3 3 1 1
3. i 2 4i 4 4. 1 i 2 i i = 3 4i
5. 1 i 2 1 2 6. 2 i 1 i = 1 i 2
+ +

P i P i i i i
i
P i i i i
7. (1 " 3i) (2 " 5i) = (2 " i) 8.
2 3i 5 2i
4 3i
+
9. (1 + 3)z - (2 + 5)= (2 + ) 10. (3 - 2)z + (6 - 4)= 5 -

M91 ,: liHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u >[n B4 s 4hTc:
2 2
2 2
1. "10=0 2. 2 5=0
3. 3=0 4. ( 3 7=0
+ +
+ +
P P P P
P P x
5.
2
3 2 0 + x x 6.
2
3 2 0 + + x x
M91 ,1: liHi cPc 4h8Cng >*nh s!u >[n B4 s 4hTc:
4 2 4 2
4 2
1. 5 "4=0 2. 17 "16=0
3. 3 "4=0 4.
+ +

x x x x
P
5 ,

5. z
4
- 5z
2
- 6 = 0 6. z
4
+ 7z
2
- 8 = 0
M91 ,,: Tm cac so thc x va y bet:
a. (2x + 3) + (y + 2) = x - (y - 4)
;. (2 - x) - 2 = 3 + (3 - y)
c.(3x - 2) + (2y + 1) = (x + 1) - (y -
5)
E. (2x + y) + (y + 2) = (x + 2) - (y - 4)
Phn ,: HNH HC
ChN)n. If II
?. TM TsT bI=N THC:
1. C$% %-n. 'h(% n <h\1 0Y S1&n
!) )hS ech khi ch14
1
3
O Mh
;) )hS ech khi #ng >? O Mh
5ha : c1 hS sd E?ng c<ng hTc s!u -K& khi giHi oPn
. ' ' '
.
' ' '
. .
: L M C
: LMC
O :L :M :C
O :L :M :C
c)
vi0n ech (ung Gu!nh: {
(G
= Ong Ei0n ech cPc +b ;[n
E)
vi0n ech o,n 4hWn: {
4ch14
= {
(G
" {
-P&
/ {
4#g>?
= {
(G
" 2{
-P&

2. C$% %-n. 'h(% n <h\1 'On F]YBf Z_' 'On F]YB.
YG )hS ech khi n1n >jn (o!&
2
1
3
O r h
*G )hS ech khi >? >jn (o!&
2 2
O r h r B
%G )hS ech khi cWu
3
4
3
O R
SG vi0n ech (ung Gu!nh c2! +b n1n, +b >?, +b cWu #Wn #8X #,

2
nn tr /
; 2 , 4
m c
S rl S rl S R
Ch_ D:
1= g89ng chJo c2! h*nh 6u<ng cLnh ! #, ! 2 . g89ng chJo c2! h*nh #B4 4h8Cng cLnh ! #, ! 3 .
g89ng chJo c2! h*nh h.4 chI nhB c1 3 kech h87c !, ;, c #,
2 2 2
a b c + +
,
2= )!+ giPc -_u cLnh !: -89ng c!o #,
3
2
a
, Ei0n ech #,
2
3
4
a
3= ^*nh ch14 -_u #, h*nh ch14 c1 -P& #, -! giPc -_u, cPc cLnh ;[n -_u ;ng nh!u ( hobc c1 -P& #,
-! giPc -_u, h*nh chi3u c2! -snh >Mng 67i K+ c2! -P&).
4= Vng >? -_u #, #ng >? -Tng c1 -P& #, -! giPc -_u.
5= ^0 hTc #8Xng >ong !+ giPc 6u<ng : cho LMC 6u<ng t U ! c1 :
!) gQnh # xi!go :
2 2 2
MC LM LC +
;)
CM CQ CL MC MQ ML . / .
2 2

c) UA. U5 = A5. U^
E)
2 2 2
1 1 1
LC LM LQ
+

D)
sin , os , !n , co
b c b c
M c M M M
a a c b

') ;= !. sinA = !.cos5, c = !. sin5 = !.cosA, !=
sin cos
b b
M C
, ;= c. !nA = c.co 5
")>ong +. !+ giPc 6u<ng +i cLnh g1c 6u<ng ;ng cLnh hu&_n nhKn sin g1c -i h!& cos
g1c k_. 5Lnh hu&_n ;ng cLnh g1c 6u<ng chi! sin g1c -i h!& cos g1c k_.
a
c
b
B C
A
H
")>ong +. !+ giPc 6u<ng cLnh g1c 6u<ng n,& ;ng cLnh g1c 6u<ng ki! nhKn !ng g1c -i
h!& co!ng g1c k_.
6= ^0 hTc #8Xng >ong !+ giPc h89ng:
|gQnh # h,+ s 5<sin: !
2
= ;
2
" c
2
h 2;c.cosU
|gQnh # h,+ s {in:
2
sin sin sin
a b c
R
L M C

7=5Pc c<ng hTc enh Ei0n ech.
!= 5<ng hTc enh Ei0n ech !+ giPc:

1
2
:
! ( h
!
=
1 . .
. sin . .( )( )( )
2 4
a b c
a b C & r & & a & b & c
R

>ong -1
2
a b c
&
+ +
gbc ;i0 :
LMC
6u<ng t U :
1
.
2
: LM LC
,
LMC
-_u cLnh !:
2
3
4
a
:
;= vi0n ech h*nh 6u<ng : {= cLnh ( cLnh
c= vi0n ech h*nh chI nhB : {= E,i ( >.ng
E= vi0n ech h*nh h!ng :
1
2
:
(-P& #7n " -P& nhq) ( chi_u c!o
D= vi0n ech h*nh ;*nh h,nh : {= -P& ( chi_u c!o
'= vi0n ech h*nh >jn :
2
{ .R
M. MI TP !P I`NG:
M>i $R&9: 5ho h*nh ch14 {.UA5v c1 -P& UA5v #, h*nh 6u<ng cLnh !, {U = ! 6, {U 6u<ng g1c 67i
-P&.
!) )enh hS ech khi ch14 {.UA5v
;) 5hTng +inh >ung -iS+ c2! cLnh A5 #, K+ +b cWu ngoLi i34 h*nh ch14.

A,i giHi:
!)
}4 E?ng c<ng hTc
1
3
O Mh >ong -1 A = !
2
, h = {U = !
3
1
3
O a ( -6)
;)
)>ong !+ giPc 6u<ng {U5, c1 U #, >ung u&3n Tng 67i cLnh hu&_n {5 n[n U = { = 5.
(1)
A5 UA 6, A5 {U A5 {A {A5 6u<ng Li A, A #, >ung u&3n Tng 67i cLnh hu&_n
{5 n[n A = { = 5
(2)
.
)8Cng i ! cung c1 v = { = 5
(3)
. )Y (1), (2), (3) ! c1 cPch -_u N cH cPc -snh h*nh ch14 n[n
#, K+ +b cWu ngoLi i34.
M>i $R&1. 5ho h*nh ch14 {.UA5 c1 -P& #, !+ giPc UA5 6u<ng Li A, , 3 AB a BC a . )!+ giPc
{U5 -_u 6, n+ >ong +b 4h:ng 6u<ng g1c 67i -P&. )enh hS ech khi ch14 {.UA5.
liHi:
)>ong +4( {U5), Eing {^ U5 Li ^ {^ (UA5).

1
.
3
V Bh , >ong -1 A #, Ei0n ech UA5, h = {^.
2
1 3
.
2 2
a
B ABBC . )>ong !+ giPc -_u {U5 c1 U5 = 2!
2 3
3
2
a
SH a .
rB&
3
2
a
V
(-6)
M>i $R&3. 5ho h*nh ch14 -_u {.UA5v c1 cLnh -P& ;ng !, g1c {U5 ;ng 45
o
.
!) )enh hS ech khi ch14 .
;) )enh Ei0n ech (ung Gu!nh c2! +b n1n ngoLi i34 h*nh ch14 {.UA5v
liHi:
!) lci @ #, K+ c2! h*nh 6u<ng UA5v {@ (UA5v).
2 0
1 2
. , ; .tan45 .
3 2
V Bh B a h SO OA a

3
2
6
a
V
(-6)
;) }4 E?ng c<ng hTc . .
xq
S r l >ong -1 > = @U, B ={U= !.
)h!& 6,o c<ng hTc ! -8Xc:
2
2 2
.
2 2
xq
a a
S a
(-6E)
M>i $R&S 5ho h*nh #ng >? !+ giPc -_u UA5.UA5 c1 N cH cPc cLnh ;ng !.
!) )enh hS ech khi #ng >? UA5.UA5.
;) )enh Ei0n ech c2! +b >? >jn (o!& ngoLi i34 h*nh >?
liHi:
!) )! c1
. V Bh
, >ong -1 A #, Ei0n ech -P& c2! #ng >?, h #, chi_u c!o
#ng >? .
r* !+ giPc UA5 -_u, c1 cLnh ;ng ! n[n
2
3
4
a
B . h = UU = !
3
3
4
a
V
(-6)
;) vi0n ech (ung Gu!nh +b >? -8Xc enh hDo c<ng hTc
2 . .
xq
S r l
> #, ;Pn kenh -89ng >jn ngoLi i34 UA5
2 3 3
.
3 2 3
a a
r , B =UU =! n[n Ei0n ech cWn
*+ #,
2
3 3
2 . . 2
3 3
xq
a a
S a
(-6E)
M>i $R&T 5ho h*nh ch14 {.UA5 c1 {U = 2! 6, {U (UA5). )!+ giPc UA5 6u<ng cKn Li A,
2 AB a
!) )enh hS ech khi ch14 {.UA5
;) )enh ;Pn kenh +b cWu ngoLi i34 h*nh ch14
c) lci 6, ^ #Wn #8X #, >ung -iS+ {5 6, {A. )enh hS ech khi ch14 {.U^
liHi:
!)
3
2
1
.
3
1 2
. 2. 2 , 2
2 3
V Bh
a
B S a a a h SA a V

#ABC
;) lci #, >ung -iS+ {5
{U U5 n[n U hu.c +b cWu -89ng kenh {5
A5 {U 6, A5 U; n[n A5 {A A hu.c +b cWu -89ng kenh {5. Rh8 6B& K+ +b cWu #,
>ung -iS+ c2! {5 cjn ;Pn kenh +b cWu #,
2
SC
R
. )! c1
2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2
4 4 2 2 2
AC a a a
SC SA AC a a a R a
+
+ +

c) }4 E?ng c<ng hTc
3
.
. .
.
1 1
. .
4 4 6
S AIH
S AIH S ACB
S ACB
V SI SH a
V V
V SC SB

M>i $R&U 5ho h*nh #B4 4h8Cng UA5v.UA5v cLnh !.
!) )enh hS ech khi #B4 4h8Cng
;) )enh ;Pn kenh +b cWu Gu! 8 -snh c2! #B4 4h8Cng
c) 5hTng +inh h!i khi ch14 A.UAv 6, v.5vA c1 ;ng nh!u
liHi:
!) r = !
3
(-6)
;) lci @ #, -iS+ -\ng Gu& c2! 4 -89ng chJo U5, vA, U5, Av @ #, K+ +b cWu ngoLi i34 #B4
4h8Cng.
APn kenh +b cWu #,
' 3
2 2
AC a
R
c) ^!i khi ch14 >[n #, Hnh c2! nh!u Gu! 4hJ4 -i (Tng +b 4h:ng (UA5v) -4c+
C. MI TP Te GII:
1) 5ho h*nh ch14 -_u {.UA5v cBnh -P& ;ng !, g1c {U5 ;ng 60
0
.
!) )enh hS ech khi ch14.
;) fPc -Qnh K+ 6, enh ;Pn kenh +b cWu ngoLi i34
2) 5ho h*nh ch14 {.UA5v -P& #, h*nh 6u<ng cLnh !, {U ;ng ! 6, {U 6u<ng g1c -P&.
!) )enh hS ech khi ch14.
;) fPc -Qnh K+ 6, enh ;Pn kenh +b cWu ngoLi i34.
c) u!& !+ giPc 6u<ng {U5 Gu!nh -89ng h:ng chT! cLnh {U, enh Ei0n ech (ung Gu!nh c2!
khi n1n Lo >!
3) 5ho h*nh n1n c1 -89ng c!o ;ng 12c+, ;Pn kenh -P& ;ng 16c+.
!) )enh Ei0n ech (ung Gu!nh c2! h*nh n1n -1
;) )enh hS ech c2! khi n1n -1
4) 5ho h*nh ch14 -_u {.UA5 cLnh -P& !, +b ;[n hX4 -P& +. g1c 60
0
.
!) )enh hS ech khi ch14 {.UA5.
;) )*+ K+ 6, enh ;Pn kenh +b cWu ngoLi i34 h*nh ch14.
5) 5ho T Ei0n @UA5 c1 @U = @A = @5 =! 6, -<i +. nh!u. lci ^ #, >ic K+ !+ giPc UA5
!) 5hTng +inh @^ (UA5)
;) )enh hS ech khi T Ei0n
6) 5ho h*nh ch14 !+ giPc -_u :.LMC c1 cLnh -P& ;ng a, cLnh ;[n ;ng 2a. lci I #, >ung -iS+ c2!
MC.
!. 5hTng +inh :L 6u<ng g1c 67i MC.
;. )enh hS ech khi ch14 :.LMC 6, :.LMI hDo a. g{: ;.
3
. .
1 11
2 24
: LMI : LMC
a
O O
7) 5ho h*nh ch14 :.LMC c1 -P& #, !+ giPc 6u<ng Li M, :L 6u<ng g1c 67i -P&. Ai3 LM=a, 3 MC a
, :L=3a.
!. )enh hS ech khi ch14 :.LMC.
;. lci I #, >ung -iS+ c2! :C. )enh -. E,i -oLn MI hDo a . g{ : !.
3
.
3
2
: LMC
a
O , ;.
13
2
a
MI
8) 5ho h*nh ch14 :.LMC c1 -P& #, !+ giPc 6u<ng Li M, :L 6u<ng g1c 67i -P&. Ai3
:L=LM=MC=a. )enh hS ech khi ch14 :.LMC.
g{:
3
.
6
: LMC
a
O
9) 5ho h*nh ch14 T giPc :.LMCD c1 -P& LMCD #, h*nh 6u<ng cLnh a c1 :L 6u<ng g1c 67i -P& 6,
:L=LC. )enh hS ech khi ch14 :.LMCD. g{:
3
.
2
3
: LMC
a
O
10) 5ho h*nh ch14 T giPc :.LMCD c1 -P& LMCD #, h*nh 6u<ng cLnh a c1 :L 6u<ng g1c 67i -P&
cLnh 3 :M a . )enh hS ech khi ch14 :.LMCD. g{:
3
.
2
3
: LMC
a
O
11) 5ho h*nh n1n >jn (o!& c1 -89ng c!o h=a, ;Pn kenh -P& r=1,5a. )enh Ei0n ech (ung Gu!nh c2!
h*nh n1n 6, hS ech khi n1n - cho hDo a. g{:
2 3
3 13 3
,
4 4
xV
a a
: O

91W 5ho h*nh h.4 chI nhB LMCD.LMCD c1 LL=a, LM=b, LD=c. lci (:) #, +b cWu ngoLi i34
h*nh h.4. )enh hS ech khi cWu. g{: ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
6
O a b c a b c
+ + + +
93W 5ho #ng >? -Tng LMC.LMC c1 -P& LMC #, !+ giPc 6u<ng Li L 6, LC=a, g1c
0
60 LCM .
g89ng chJo MC c2! +b ;[n Lo 67i +b 4h:ng (LLCC) +. g1c 30
0
.
!. )enh -. E,i -oLn LC.
;. )enh hS ech khi #ng >?. g{: !. LC=3a/ ;.
3
6 O a

THa TCH bHI ? IIhN

M
h
a
b
c
a
a
a
M
h
Y
2Y
C
M
?
C
M
?

1 TÌ bI=N THC Cg MN HNH HC LP 1,
?. THa TCH bHI ? IIhN
Iy C$% %-n. 'h(% 'hV '8%h %XY <h\1 0Y S1&n:
1. Tab TcCa ]ade Cf1^ Tgh:
r= A.h
67i
B:den tch ay
h: cheu cao
'

!) Th5 tMch \hi hip chP nht:
r = !.;.c
67i !,;,c #, ;! kech h87c
;) Th5 tMch \hi +p ph:;ng:
r = !
3

67i ! #, -. E,i cLnh

,. Tab TcCa ]ade CajI:
r=
1
3
Ah
67i
B: den tch ay
h: cheu cao
'
2. Tk ld Tab TcCa Tm "en1:

5ho khi T Ei0n {UA5 6, U, A, 5 #,
cPc -iS+ M& #Wn #8X hu.c {U, {A, {5
! c1:

SABC
SA'B'C'
V
SA SB SC
V SA' SB' SC'
C
M
?
C
M
?
S
5. Tab TcCa ]ade CajI ChT:

( )
h
V B B' BB'
3
+ +
67i
B, B' : den tch ha ay
h: cheu cao
'

B A
C
A'
B'
C'
IIy M91 '4J:
C<oe 1: THa TCH L-NG Tw`
1$ I3n. 1: ]hi +ng tr> '7ng c chiNu cao ha= cGnh 'E=
VM L> 1: gP& c2! #ng >? -Tng !+ giPc UA5.UA5 #, !+ giPc UA5 6u<ng cKn Li U c1
cLnh A5 = !
2
6, ;i3 U'A = 3!. )enh hS ech khi #ng >?.
A'
D
B'
C'
A'
C
D'
C
M M
I
?

a 2

V9i giHi:
)! c1
ABC V 6u<ng cKn Li U n[n UA = U5 = !
UA5 U'A'5' #, #ng >? -Tng AA' AB
2 2 2 2
AA'B AA' A'B AB 8a V
AA' 2a 2
rB& r = A.h = {
UA5
.UU' =
3
a 2
VM L> 2: 5ho #ng >? T giPc -_u UA5v.UA5v' c1 cLnh ;[n ;ng 4! 6, -89ng chJo 5!.
)enh hS ech khi #ng >? n,&.
:Y
5Y
I
C
M
?
I
C
M
?
V9i giHi:
UA5v U'A'5'v' #, #ng >? -Tng n[n
Av
2
= Av'
2
h vv'
2
= 9!
2
BD 3a
UA5v #, h*nh 6u<ng
3a
AB
2

{u& >! A = {
UA5v
=
2
9a
4
rB& r = A.h = {
UA5v
.UU' = 9!
3

VM L> 3: gP& c2! #ng >? -Tng !+ giPc UA5.UA5 #, !+ giPc -_u cLnh
! = 4 6, ;i3 Ei0n ech !+ giPc UA5 ;ng 8. )enh hS ech khi #ng >?.
A'
C'
B'
A
B
C
I

V9i giHi:
lci #, >ung -iS+ A5 .)! c1
V
UA5 -_u n[n

UA 3
3
2
U 2 U A5
U' A5(E#3 )

U'A5
U'A5
2{
1
{ A5.U' U' 4
2 A5

UU' (UA5) UU' U
.
2 2
U' U UU' U' U 2 V

rB& : r
UA5.UA5
= {
UA5
.UU'= 8 3
VM L> 4: o. N+ ;*! h*nh 6u<ng c1 cLnh 44 c+, ng89i ! c~ ;q -i t +i g1c
N+ ;*! +. h*nh 6u<ng cLnh 12 c+ >\i gN4 #Li h,nh +. cPi h.4 chI nhB
kh<ng c1 n~4. )enh hS ech cPi h.4 n,&.
D'
A'
C'
B'
D
A
C
B
liHi
)hDo -_ ;,i, ! c1
UU' = AA' = 55' = vv' = 12 c+ n[n
UA5v #, h*nh 6u<ng c1
UA = 44 c+ h 24 c+ = 20 c+
6, chi_u c!o h.4 h = 12 c+
rB& hS ech h.4 #,
r = {
UA5v
.h = 4800c+
3
VM L> %: 5ho h*nh h.4 -Tng c1 -P& #, h*nh hoi cLnh ! 6, c1 g1c nhcn ;ng 60
0
g89ng
chJo #7n c2! -P& ;ng -89ng chJo nhq c2! #ng >?. )enh hS ech h*nh h.4 .
60
I
C
M
?
I
C
M
?
]
;
C
M
?
C
M
?
V9i giHi:
)! c1 !+ giPc UAv -_u n[n : Av = !
6, {
UA5v
= 2{
UAv
=
2
! 3
2
)hDo -_ ;,i Av' = U5 =
! 3
2 ! 3
2

2 2
vv' A vv' Av' Av ! 2 V
rB& r = {
UA5v
.vv' =
3
! 6
2
,GI3n. ,: Cng tr> '7ng c gc giPa ':Bng thpng !. mt phpngX
VM L> 1: 5ho #ng >? -Tng !+ giPc UA5 U'A'5' c1 -P& UA5 #, !+ giPc 6u<ng cKn Li
A 67i AU = A5 = ! ,;i3 U'A hX4 67i -P& UA5 +. g1c 60
0
. )enh hS ech #ng >?.
V9i giHi:
)! c1
U' U (UA5) U' U UAUA
#, h*nh
chi3u c2! U'A >[n -P& UA5 .
rB&
V o
g1c$U' A, (UA5)% UAU' 60
0
UAU' UU' UA.!n60 ! 3 V
{
UA5
=
2
1 !
AU.A5
2 2
rB& r = {
UA5
.UU' =
3
! 3
2
VM L> 2: 5ho #ng >? -Tng !+ giPc UA5 U'A'5' c1 -P& UA5 #, !+ giPc 6u<ng Li U
67i U5 = ! ,
V
ACB
= 60
o
;i3 A5' hX4 67i (UU'5'5) 1 g1c 30
0
. )enh U5' 6, hS ech #ng >?.
Y
]
;
]
2
C
M
?
C
M
?
V9i giHi:
o
a 3 ABC AB AC.tan60 V
.
)! c1:
AB AC;AB AA' AB (AA'C'C)
n[n U5' #, h*nh chi3u c2! A5' >[n (UU'5'5).
rB& g1c$A5'/(UU55)% =
V
BC'A
= 30
o

o
AB
AC'B AC' 3a
tan30
V
r =A.h = {
UA5
.UU'
2 2
AA'C' AA' AC' A'C' 2a 2 V
ABC V #, nd! !+ giPc -_u n[n
2
ABC
a 3
S
2
rB& r =
3
a 6
VM L> 3: 5ho #ng >? -Tng UA5v U'A'5'v' c1 -P& UA5v #, h*nh 6u<ng cLnh ! 6, -89ng
chJo Av' c2! #ng >? hX4 67i -P& UA5v +. g1c 30
0
. )enh hS ech 6, Ong Ei[n ech c2! cPc
+b ;[n c2! #ng >? .
]
2
Y
I
C
?
M
I
C M
?
liHi:
)! c1 UA5v U'A'5'v' #, #ng >? -Tng n[n ! c1:
vv' (UA5v) vv' Av
6, Av #, h*nh chi3u c2!
Av' >[n UA5v .
rB& g1c $Av'/(UA5v)% =
V 0
vAv' 30
0
! 6
Avv' vv' Av.!n30
3
V
rB& r = {
UA5v
.vv' =
3
! 6
3
{ = 4{
Uvv'U'
=
2
4! 6
3
VM L> 4: 5ho h*nh h.4 -Tng UA5v U'A'5'v' c1 -P& UA5v #, h*nh hoi cLnh ! 6,
V
BAD
=
60
o
;i3 UA' hX4 67i -P& (UA5v) +. g1c 30
o
. )enh hS ech c2! h*nh h.4.
Y
]
2
]
;
I
C
M
?
I
C
M
?
liHi
ABD V -_u cLnh !
2
ABD
a 3
S
4

2
ABCD ABD
a 3
S 2S
2

ABB' V 6u<ng LiA
o
BB' ABtan30 a 3
rB&
3
ABCD
3a
V B.h S .BB'
2

2G I3n. 2: Cng tr> '7ng c gc giPa 2 mt phpng
VM L> 1: 5ho #ng >? -Tng !+ giPc UA5 U'A'5' c1 -P& UA5 #, !+ giPc
6u<ng cKn Li A 67i AU = A5 = ! ,;i3 (U'A5) hX4 67i -P& (UA5) +. g1c
60
0
.)enh hS ech #ng >?.
C
M
?
C
M
?
]
;
V9i giHi:
)! c1
U' U (UA5)A5 UA A5 U' A

rB&
V o
g1c$(U' A5), (UA5)% UAU' 60
0
UAU' UU' UA.!n60 ! 3 V
{
UA5
=
2
1 !
AU.A5
2 2
rB& r = {
UA5
.UU' =
3
! 3
2
VM L> 2: gP& c2! #ng >? -Tng !+ giPc UA5.UA5 #, !+ giPc -_u . ob
(UA5) Lo 67i -P& +. g1c 30
0
6, Ei0n ech !+ giPc UA5 ;ng 8.
)enh hS ech khi #ng >?.
F
]
2
I
C
M
?
C
M
?
liHi: UA5 V -_u U A5 +, UU'
(UA5)
n[n U' A5 (-# 3 ).
rB& g1c$(U'A5)/)UA5)% =
V
U' U
= 30
o
liH sd A = ( 3
2
3 2
x
x
LI .)! c1
x
x LI
LI I L LI L 2
3
3 2
3
2
30 cos : ' : '
0

UU = U.!n 30
0
= x x
3
3
. 3
rB& r
UA5.UA5
= 5.U.UU = (
3

3
o, {
UA5
= A.U = (.2( = 8
2 x
vo -1 r
UA5.UA5
= 8 3
VM L> 3: 5ho #ng >? T giPc -_u UA5v U'A'5'v' c1 cLnh -P& ! 6, +b 4h:ng
(Av5') hX4 67i -P& (UA5v) +. g1c 60
o
.)enh hS ech khi h.4 chI nhB.
Y
;
O
?
I
M
C
C
?
I
M
lci @ #, K+ c2! UA5v . )! c1
UA5v #, h*nh 6u<ng n[nOC BD
55' (UA5v) n[n @5' Av (-# 3 ). rB&
g1c$(Av5')/(UA5v)% =
V
COC'
= 60
o

)! c1 r = A.h = {
UA5v
.55'
UA5v #, h*nh 6u<ng n[n {
UA5v
= !
2

OCC' V 6u<ng n[n 55' = @5.!n60
o
=
a 6
2
rB& r =
3
a 6
2
VM L> 4: 5ho h*nh h.4 chI nhB UA5v U'A'5'v' c1 UU' = 2! / +b 4h:ng
(U'A5) hX4 67i -P& (UA5v) +. g1c 60
o
6, U'5 hX4 67i -P& (UA5v) +.
g1c 30
o
.)enh hS ech khi h.4 chI nhB.
,Y
]
2
]
;
I
C
M
?
I
C
M
?
)! c1 UU'
(UA5v)
U5 #, h*nh chi3u
c2! U'5 >[n (UA5v) .
rB& g1c$U'5,(UA5v)% =
V o
U' 5U 30
A5 UA
A5 U'A (-# 3 ) .
rB& g1c$(U'A5),(UA5v)% =
V o
U' AU 60
U' U5 V U5 = UU'.co30
o
= 2! 3
U' UA V UA = UU'.co60
o
=
2! 3
3
2 2
4! 6
UA5 A5 U5 UA
3
V
rB& r = UA.A5.UU' =
3
16! 2
3

5) I3n. 5: ]hi +ng tr> )iOn
VM L> 1: 5ho #ng >? (i[n !+ giPc UA5 U'A'5' c1 -P& UA5 #, !+ giPc
-_u cLnh ! , ;i3 cLnh ;[n #, ! 3 6, hX4 67i -P& UA5 +. g1c 60
o
.
)enh hS ech #ng >?.
H
]
;
Y
M
?
C
C
M
?
V9i giHi:
)! c1
5' ^ (UA5) 5^
#, h*nh chi3u c2!
55' >[n (UA5)
rB&
V o
g1c$55', (UA5)% 5' 5^ 60
0
3!
5^5' 5' ^ 55'.sin60
2
V
{
UA5
=
2
3 !
4
.rB& r = {
UA5
.5'^ =
3
3! 3
8
VM L> 2: 5ho #ng >? (i[n !+ giPc UA5 U'A'5' c1 -P& UA5 #, !+ giPc
-_u cLnh ! . ^*nh chi3u c2! U' (ung (UA5) #, K+ @ -89ng >jn ngoLi i34
!+ giPc UA5 ;i3 UU' hX4 67i -P& UA5 +. g1c 60 .
1) 5hTng +inh >ng AA'5'5 #, h*nh chI nhB.
2) )enh hS ech #ng >? .
H
O
]
;
C
?
Y
M
?
C
M
V9i giHi:
1) )! c1
U' @ (UA5) @U
#, h*nh chi3u
c2! UU' >[n (UA5)
rB&
V o
g1c$UU', (UA5)% @UU' 60
)! c1 AA'55' #, h*nh ;*nh h,nh ( 6* +b
;[n c2! #ng >?)
U@ A5 Li >ung -iS+ ^ c2! A5 n[n
A5 U' ^ (-# 3 )
A5 (UU' ^) A5 UU'
+, UU'==AA'
n[n
A5 AA'
.rB& AA'55' #, h*nh chI nhB.
2)
UA5 V
-_u n[n
2 2 ! 3 ! 3
U@ U^
3 3 2 3

o
U@U' U' @ U@ !n60 ! V
rB& r = {
UA5
.U'@ =
3
! 3
4

VM L> 3: 5ho h*nh h.4 UA5v.UA5v c1 -P& #, h*nh chI nhB 67i
UA =
3
Uv =
7
.^!i +b ;[n (UAAU) 6, (UvvU) #Wn #8X Lo 67i -P&
nhIng g1c 45
0
6, 60
0.
.

)enh hS ech khi h.4 n3u ;i3 cLnh ;[n ;ng 1.
H
N
M
D'
C'
B'
A'
D
C
B
A
V9i giHi:
F U^
) (LMCD
,ô
LD QN LM ,
LD N L LM M L ' , '
(-# 3 )
V V o o
A'MH 45 ,A'NH 60
gb U^ = ( . Fhi -1
UR = ( : sin 60
0
=
3
2x
UR = QM
x
N L LL

3
4 3
' '
2
2 2
o, ô = (.co 45
0
= (
Rgh! #, ( =
7
3
3
4 3
2

x
x
rB& r
UA5v.UA5v
= UA.Uv.(
=
3
3. 7. 3
7

C<oe 2: THa TCH bHI CHP
1G I3n. 1: ]hi chp c cGnh /On !ung gc !2i 'E=
VM L> 1: 5ho h*nh ch14 {UA5 c1 {A = {5 = A5 = 5U = ! . ^!i +b (UA5)
6, (U{5) cMng 6u<ng g1c 67i ({A5). )enh hS ech h*nh ch14 .
y
y
Y
M
S
C
?
V9i giHi:
)! c1

(UA5) ({A5)
(U{5) ({A5)
'
U5 ({A5)

vo -1
2 3
{A5
1 1 ! 3 ! 3
r { .U5 !
3 3 4 12

VM L> 2: 5ho h*nh ch14 {UA5 c1 -P& UA5 #, !+ giPc 6u<ng cKn Li A 67i
U5 = ! ;i3 {U 6u<ng g1c 67i -P& UA5 6, {A hX4 67i -P& +. g1c 60
o
.
1) 5hTng +inh cPc +b ;[n #, !+ giPc 6u<ng .
2))enh hS ech h*nh ch14 .
Y
]
;
S
C
M
?
V9i giHi:
1)
SA (ABC) SA AB&SA AC
+, BC AB BC SB ( -# 3 ).
rB& cPc +b ;[n ch14 #, !+ giPc 6u<ng.
2) )! c1
SA (ABC) AB
#, h*nh chi3u
c2! {A >[n (UA5).
rB& g1c${A,(UA5)% =
V o
SAB 60
.
ABC V 6u<ng cKn n[n AU = A5 =
a
2
{
UA5
=
2
1 a
BA.BC
2 4

o
a 6
SAB SA AB.tan60
2
V
rB&
2 3
ABC
1 1a a 6 a 6
V S .SA
3 3 4 2 24

VM L> 3: 5ho h*nh ch14 {UA5 c1 -P& UA5 #, !+ giPc -_u cLnh ! ;i3 {U
6u<ng g1c 67i -P& UA5 6, ({A5) hX4 67i -P& (UA5) +. g1c 60
o
.
)enh hS ech h*nh ch14 .
Y
]
;
M
C
M
?
S V9i giHi: o#, >ung -iS+ c2! A5,6* !+ giPc
UA5 -_u n[n Uo A5
{U A5 (-#3 ) .
rB& g1c$({A5)/(UA5)% =
V o
SMA 60
.
)! c1 r =
ABC
1 1
B.h S .SA
3 3
o
3a
SAM SA AMtan60
2
V
rB& r =
3
ABC
1 1 a 3
B.h S .SA
3 3 8

VM L> 4: 5ho h*nh ch14 {UA5v c1 -P& UA5v #, h*nh 6u<ng c1 cLnh ! 6, {U
6u<ng g1c -P& UA5v 6, +b ;[n ({5v) hX4 67i -P& +. g1c 60
o
.
1) )enh hS ech h*nh ch14 {UA5v.
2) )enh khoHng cPch Y U -3n +b 4h:ng ({5v).
H
Y
I
C
M
?
S
]
;
V9i giHi: 1))! c1
SA (ABC)
6,
CD AD CD SD ( -# 3 ).(1)
rB& g1c$({5v),(UA5v)% =
V
SDA
= 60
o
.
SAD V 6u<ng n[n {U = Uv.!n60
o
=
a 3
rB&
2
3
ABCD
a
1 1 a 3
V S .SA a 3
3 3 3

2) )! Eing U^
SD
,6* 5v ({Uv) (Eo (1) )
n[n 5v U^
AH (SCD)

rB& U^ #, khoHng cPch Y U -3n ({5v).
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 4
SAD
AH SA AD 3a a 3a
+ + V
rB& U^ =
a 3
2
,G I3n. , : ]hi chp c mit mt /On !ung gc !2i 'E=
VM L> 1: 5ho h*nh ch14 {.UA5v c1 -P& UA5v #, h*nh 6u<ng c1 cLnh !
ob ;[n {UA #, !+ giPc -_u n+ >ong +b 4h:ng 6u<ng g1c 67i -P&UA5v,
1) 5hTng +inh >ng chKn -89ng c!o khi ch14 >Mng 67i >ung -iS+ cLnh UA.
2) )enh hS ech khi ch14 {UA5v.
Y
H
I
C
M
?
S
V9i giHi:
1) lci ^ #, >ung -iS+ c2! UA.
SAB V -_u SH AB
+,
(SAB) (ABCD) SH (ABCD)
rB& ^ #, chKn -89ng c!o c2! khi ch14.
2) )! c1 !+ giPc {UA -_u n[n {U =
a 3
2
su& >!
3
ABCD
1 a 3
V S .SH
3 6

VM L> 2: 5ho T Ei0n UA5v c1 UA5 #, !+ giPc -_u ,A5v #, !+ giPc 6u<ng cKn Li v ,
(UA5) (A5v) 6, Uv hX4 67i (A5v) +. g1c 60
o
.
)enh hS ech T Ei0n UA5v.
]
;
Y
H
I
C
M
?
V9i giHi:
lci ^ #, >ung -iS+ c2! A5.
)! c1 !+ giPc UA5 -_u n[n U^ (A5v) , +,
(UA5) (A5v)
U^
(BCD)
.
)! c1 U^ ^v
U^ = Uv.!n60
o
=a 3
^v = Uv.co60
o
=
a 3
3
BCD V A5 = 2^v =
2a 3
3
su& >!
r =
3
BCD
1 1 1 a 3
S .AH . BC.HD.AH
3 3 2 9

VM L> 3: 5ho h*nh ch14 {.UA5 c1 -P& UA5 #, !+ giPc 6u<ng cKn Li A, c1 A5 = !. ob
;[n {U5 6u<ng g1c 67i -P&, cPc +b ;[n cjn #Li -_u Lo 67i +b -P& +. g1c 45
0
.
a$ 5hTng +inh >ng chKn -89ng c!o khi ch14 >Mng 67i >ung -iS+ cLnh U5.
/$ )enh hS ech khi ch14 {UA5X
45
I
J
H
A
C
B
S
V9i giHi:
!) Fw {^ A5 6* +4({U5) +4(UA5) n[n {^
+4(UA5).
lci , #, h*nh chi3u c2! ^ >[n UA 6, A5

{ UA, { A5, hDo giH hi3
V V o
SIH S| H 45

)! c1: QX QI :QX :QI n[n A^ #,
-89ng 4hKn giPc c2! ABC V Y -1 su& >! ^ #, >ung
-iS+ c2! U5.
;) ^ = ^ = {^ =
2
a

r
{UA5
=
12
.
3
1
3
a
:Q :
LMC

2G I3n. 2 : ]hi chp 'Nu
VM L> 1: 5ho ch14 !+ giPc -_u {UA5 cLnh -P& ;ng ! 6, cLnh ;[n ;ng 2!.
5hTng +inh >ng chKn -89ng c!o k Y { c2! h*nh ch14 #, K+ c2! !+ giPc
-_u UA5.)enh hS ech ch14 -_u {UA5 .
Y
,Y
H
O
C
M
?
S
V9i giHi:
ving {@ (UA5) )! c1 {U = {A = {5 su&
>! @U = @A = @5
rB& @ #, K+ c2! !+ giPc -_u UA5.
)! c1 !+ giPc UA5 -_u n[n
U@ =
2 2a 3 a 3
AH
3 3 2 3

2
2 2 2
11a
SAO SO SA OA
3
V
a 11
SO
3

.rB&
3
ABC
1 a 11
V S .SO
3 12

V8 Su ,:5ho khi ch14 T giPc {UA5v c1 N cH cPc cLnh c1 -. E,i ;ng ! .
1) 5hTng +inh >ng {UA5v #, ch14 T giPc -_u.
2) )enh hS ech khi ch14 {UA5v.
Y
O
I
C
M
?
S
ving {@ (UA5v)
)! c1 {U = {A = {5 = {v n[n
@U = @A = @5 = @v
UA5v #,
h*nh hoi c1 -89ng >jn gnoLi i34
n[n UA5v #, h*nh 6u<ng .
)! c1 {U
2
" {A
2
= UA
2
"A5
2
= U5
2
n[n L:C V 6u<ng Li {
2
2
a
N:

3
2
1 1 2 2
.
3 3 2 6
LMCD
a a
O : :N a
rB&
3
a 2
V
6
VM L> 3: 5ho khi T Ei0n -_u UA5v cLnh ;ng !, o #, >ung -iS+ v5.
!) )enh hS ech khi T Ei0n -_u UA5v.
;))enh khoHng cPch Y o -3n +4(UA5).{u& >! hS ech h*nh ch14 oUA5.
Y
I
H
O
M
C
M
?
I
V9i giHi:
!) lci @ #, K+ c2! LMC
( ) DN LMC

1
.
3
LMC
O : DN

2
3
4
LMC
a
: ,
2 3
3 3
a
NC CI

2 2
< 1 : DNC vu ng c DN DC NC
6
3
a

2 3
1 3 6 2
.
3 4 3 12
a a a
O
;) F o^== v@, khoHng cPch Y o -3n
+4(UA5) #, o^

1 6
2 6
a
MQ DN
2 3
1 1 3 6 2
. .
3 3 4 6 24
MLMC LMC
a a a
O : MQ
rB&
3
a 2
V
24
M91 '4J 'N)n. '^:

M91 1: 5ho h*nh ch14 -_u {UA5 c1 cLnh ;[n ;ng ! hX4 67i -P& UA5 +. g1c 60
o
. )enh
hS ech h*nh ch14. gs:
3
3a
V
16

M91 ,: 5ho h*nh ch14 !+ giPc -_u {UA5 c1 cLnh ;[n !, g1c t -P& c2! +b ;[n
#, 45
o
.
1) )enh -. E,i chi_u c!o {^ c2! ch14 {UA5 . gs: {^ =
a
3
2) )enh hS ech h*nh ch14 {UA5. gs:
3
a
V
6
M91 2: 5ho h*nh ch14 !+ giPc -_u {UA5 c1 cLnh -P& ! 6, +b ;[n hX4 67i -P&
+. g1c 60
o
. )enh hS ech h*nh ch14 {UA5. gs:
3
a 3
V
24
M91 5 : 5ho ch14 !+ giPc -_u c1 -89ng c!o h hX4 67i +. +b ;[n +. g1c 30
o
.
)enh hS ech h*nh ch14. gs:
3
h 3
V
3
M91 : : 5ho h*nh ch14 !+ giPc -_u c1 -89ng c!o h 6, +b ;[n c1 g1c t -snh
;ng 60
o
. )enh hS ech h*nh ch14. gs:
3
h 3
V
8
M91 ; : 5ho h*nh ch14 T giPc -_u {UA5v c1 cLnh -P& ! 6,

V o
ASB 60
.
1) )enh Ong Ei0n ech cPc +b ;[n c2! h*nh ch14 -_u. gs:
2
a 3
S
3
2) )enh hS ech h*nh ch14. gs:

3
a 2
V
6
M91 : 5ho h*nh ch14 T giPc -_u {UA5v c1 chi_u c!o h ,g1c t -snh c2! +b ;[n
;ng 60
o
. )enh hS ech h*nh ch14. gs:
3
2h
V
3
M91 : 5ho h*nh ch14 T giPc -_u c1 +b ;[n hX4 67i -P& +. g1c 45
o
6, khoHng
cPch Y chKn -89ng c!o c2! ch14 -3n +b ;[n ;ng !.
)enh hS ech h*nh ch14 . gs:
3
8a 3
V
3
M91 : 5ho h*nh ch14 T giPc -_u c1 cLnh ;[n ;ng ! hX4 67i -P& +. g1c 60
o
.
)enh h_ ech h*nh ch14. gs:
3
a 3
V
12
M91 1: 5ho h*nh ch14 {UA5v c1 N cH cPc cLnh ;ng nh!u. 5hTng +inh >ng
{UA5v #, ch14 T giPc -_u.)enh cLnh c2! h*nh ch14 n,& khi hS ech c2!
n1 ;ng
3
9a 2
V
2
. gs: UA = 3!
5G I3n. 5 : ]hi chp q ph:;ng phEp tr K th5 tMch
VM L> 1: 5ho h*nh ch14 {.UA5 c1 !+ giPc UA5 6u<ng cKn t A, 2 LC a ,
{U 6u<ng g1c 67i -P& UA5 , :L a
1) )enh hS ech c2! khi ch14 {.UA5.
2) lci l #, >cng K+ !+ giPc UA5, +b 4h:ng (
) Gu! Ul 6, song song

67i A5 c~ {5, {A #Wn #8X Li o, R. )enh hS ech c2! khi ch14 {.UoR
G
M
N
I
C
M
?
S
V9i giHi:
!))! c1:
.
1
.
3
: LMC LMC
O : :L 6, :L a
" K 1 : 2 LMCc n c LC a LM a
2
1
2
LMC
: a rB&:
3
2
1 1
. .
3 2 6
:LMC
a
O a a
;) lci #, >ung -iS+ A5.
l #, >cng K+,! c1 :
2
3
:Y
:I

== A5
oR== A5
2
3
:M :N :Y
:M :C :I

4
.
9
:LMN
:LMC
O :M :N
O :M :C

rB&:
3
4 2
9 27
:LMN :LMC
a
O O
VM L> 2 : 5ho !+ giPc UA5 6u<ng cKn t U 6, LM a . )>[n -89ng h:ng Gu! 5 6, 6u<ng
g1c 67i +b 4h:ng (UA5) #N& -iS+ v s!o cho CD a . ob 4h:ng Gu! 5 6u<ng g1c 67i Av,
c~ Av Li 6, c~ Uv Li .
a$ )enh hS ech khi T Ei0n UA5v.
/$ 5hTng +inh
( ) CZ LMD
c$ )enh hS ech khi T Ei0n 5vX

Y
Y
M
?
C
I
V9i giHi:
!))enh
LMCD
O
:
3
ABCD ABC
1 a
V S .CD
3 6

;))!c1:
, LM LC LM CD ( ) LM LCD
LM ZC
)! c1: DM ZC
( ) ZC LMD
c) )enh
DC
O
:)! c1:
. (|)
DCZH
DLMC
O DZ DH
O DL DM
o,
2
. DZ DL DC , chi! cho
2
DL

2 2
2 2
1
2 2
DZ DC a
DL DL a

)8Cng i:
2 2
2 2 2
1
3
DH DC a
DM DM DC CM

+
)Y(|)
1
6
DCZH
DLMC
O
O

.rB&
3
1
6 36
DCZH LMCD
a
O O
I
O
A
B
C
D
S
E
F
M
VM L> 3: 5ho khi ch14 T giPc -_u {UA5v. o. +b 4h:ng
) (
Gu! U, A 6, >ung -iS+ o
c2! {5 . )enh s s hS ech c2! h!i 4hWn khi ch14 ;Q 4hKn chi! ;ti +b 4h:ng -1.
N
S
O
M
B
D
C
A

V9i giHi:
F oR == 5v (R
) :D
h* h*nh h!ng UAoR #,
hi3 Ei0n c2! khi ch14 khi c~ ;ti +b 4h:ng
(UAo).
" :LMCD :LDM :LNM
:LDM
:LND
O O O
:D
:N
O
O
4
1
2
1
2
1

:LMCD :MCD :MMN
:MCD
:MMN
O O O
:D
:N
:C
:M
O
O
8
1
4
1
4
1
2
1
.
2
1
.
o, r
{UAoR
= r
{URA
" r
{AoR
=
:LMCD
O
8
3
.
{u& >! r
UAoR.UA5v
=
:LMCD
O
8
5
vo -1 :
5
3
.

LMCD LMMN
:LMMN
O
O
VM L> 4 : 5ho h*nh ch14 T giPc -_u {.UA5v, -P& #, h*nh 6u<ng cLnh !, cLnh ;[n Lo 67i
-P& g1c
60
. lci o #, >ung -iS+ {5. ob 4h:ng -i Gu! Uo 6, song song 67i Av, c~ {A
Li 6, c~ {v Li .
!) ^H& (Pc -Qnh +4(Uo)
;) )enh hS ech khi ch14 {.UA5v
c) )enh hS ech khi ch14 {.Uo
V9i giHi:
!) lci
I :N LM
. )! c1 (Uo) ==Av
== Av
;)
. v v
1
.
3
: LMC LMC
O : :N 67i
2
v LMC
: a
" SOA V c1 :
6
. !n 60
2
a
:N LN

rB& :
3
. v
6
6
: LMC
a
O
c) xhKn chi! ch14 T giPc ! c1
. o : L
O
= r
{Uo
" r
{Uo
=2r
{Uo

. : LMCD
O
= 2r
{U5v
= 2 r
{UA5
fJ khi ch14 {.Uo 6, {.U5v
)! c1 :
1
2
:M
:C

:LC
c1 >cng K+ , == Av n[n:

2
3
:I :H
:N :D

v
1
.
3
:LMH
:LC
O :M :H
O :C :D

3
v v
1 1 6
3 6 36
:LMH :LC :LC
a
O O O
A
S
I
O
D
B
C
C'
D'
B'
n tp tt nghip Trang %?
3 3
. o
6 6
2
36 18
: L
a a
O
VM L> % : 5ho h*nh ch14 {.UA5v c1 -P& UA5v #, h*nh 6u<ng cLnh !, {U 6u<ng g1c -P&,
2 :L a
. lci A, v #, h*nh chi3u c2! U #Wn #8X #[n {A, {v. ob 4h:ng (UAv) c~ {5
Li 5.
!) )enh hS ech khi ch14 {.UA5v.
;) 5hTng +inh
( ' ') :C LM D
c) )enh hS ech khi ch14 {.UA5v
V9i giHi:
!) )! c1:
3
.
1 2
.
3 3
: LMCD LMCD
a
O : :L
;) )! c1
( ) ' MC :LM MC LM
' :M LM {u& >!:
' ( ) LM :MC
n[n UA' {5 .)8Cng i Uv' {5.
rB& {5 (UA'v')
c) )enh
. ' ' ' : LM C D
O
")enh
. ' ' : LM C
O
: )! c1:
' '
' '
. (|)
:LM C
:LMC
O :M :C
O :M :C
:LC 6u<ng cKn n[n

' 1
2
:C
:C

)! c1:
2 2 2
2 2 2 2
' 2 2 2
3 3
:M :L a a
:M :M :L LM a

+
)Y
' '
1
(|)
3
:LM C
:LMC
O
O

3 3
' '
1 2 2
.
3 3 9
:LM C
a a
O
"
3
. ' ' ' . ' '
2 2
2
9
: LM C D : LM C
a
O O
:G I3n. : : n tp \hi chp !. +ng tr>
VM L> 1: 5ho h*nh ch14 {.UA5v c1 UA5v #, h*nh 6u<ng cLnh 2!, {U 6u<ng
g1c -P&. l1c giI! {5 6, -P& ;ng
60
6, o #, >ung -iS+ c2! {A.

1) )enh hS ech c2! khi ch14 {.UA5v.
2) )enh hS ech c2! khi ch14 oA5v.
V9i giHi:
!))! c1
1
.
3
LMCD
O : :L
"
2 2
(2 ) 4
LMCD
: a a
" 1 : !n 2 6 :LC c :L LC C a
n tp tt nghip Trang %1
.
,Y
]
;
H
I
C
M
?
S
3
2
1 8 6
4 .2 6
3 3
a
O a a
;) F
= = ( ) MQ :L MQ DMC
)! c1:
1
2
MQ :L
,
1
2
MCD LMCD
: :

3
v
1 2 6
4 3
MMC
a
O O
VM L> 2: 5ho h*nh ch14 !+ giPc {.UA5 c1 UA = 5!, A5 = 6!, 5U = 7!. 5Pc +b
;[n {UA, {A5, {5U Lo 67i -P& +. g1c 60
o
.)enh hS ech khi ch14.
60
A
C
B
H
S
F E
J
V9i giHi:
^L {^
) ( LMC
, kw ^ UA, ^ A5, ^ U5
su& >! { UA, { A5, { U5 . )! c1
V V V O
SEH SFH S| H 60

:XQ :HQ :LQ n[n ^ =^ = ^ = >
( > #, ;Pn kenh -89ng >jn ngc!i i34
LMC
)
)! c1 {
UA5
= ) )( )( ( c & b & a & &
67i 4 =
a
c b a
9
2

+ +
R[n {
UA5
=
2
2 . 3 . 4 . 9 a
ob khPc {
UA5
= 4.>
3
6 2 a
&
:
r
)!+ giPc 6u<ng {^:
{^ = >.!n 60
0
= a
a
2 2 3 .
3
6 2
rB& r
{UA5
=
3 2
3 8 2 2 . 6 6
3
1
a a a
.
VM L> 3: 5ho h*nh h.4 chI nhB UA5v.UA5v c1 3 LM a , Uv = !,
UU = !, @ #, gi!o -iS+ c2! U5 6, Av.
!) )enh hS ech khi h.4 chI nhB, khi ch14 @UA5v
;) )enh hS ech khi @AA5.
c) )enh -. E,i -89ng c!o -snh 5 c2! T Ei0n @AA5.
M
O
I
C
M
?
I
C
M ?
V9i giHi:
!) lci hS ech khi h.4 chI nhB #, r.
)! c1 : . v.UU' O LM L
2 3
3. 3 a a a

2 2
1 : 2 LMD c DM LM LD a +
| Fhi @UA5v c1 -P& 6, -89ng c!o
ging khi h.4 n[n:
3
' ' ' '
1 3
3 3
NL M C D
a
O O
;) o #, >ung -iS+ A5
( ' ') NM MM C

2 3
' ' ' '
1 1 3 3
. . .
3 3 2 2 12
NMM C MM C
a a a
O : NM
c) lci 5^ #, -89ng c!o -snh 5 c2! T
Ei0n @AA5. )! c1 :
' '
'
3
'
NMM C
NMM
O
C Q
:

2 2
1 : 2 LMD c DM LM LD a +

2
'
1
2
NMM
: a
' 2! 3 C Q
VM L> 4 : 5ho h*nh #B4 4h8Cng UA5v.UA5vc1 cLnh ;ng !.
)enh hS ech khi T Ei0n U5Av.
Y
I
C
M
?
I
C
M
?
V9i giHi:
^*nh #B4 4h8Cng -8Xc chi! h,nh: khi
U5Av 6, ;n khi 5Av5, AAU5,
vU5v, UAUv.
"5Pc khi 5Av5, AAU5, vU5v,
UAUv c1 Ei0n ech -P& 6, chi_u c!o
;ng nh!u n[n c1 cMng hS ech.
Fhi 5Av5 c1
2 3
1
1 1 1
. .
3 2 6
O a a a
"Fhi #B4 4h8Cng c1 hS ech:
3
2
O a

3 3 3
' '
1 1
4.
6 3
LCM D
O a a a
VM L> % : 5ho h*nh #ng >? -Tng !+ giPc c1 cPc cLnh ;ng !.
!) )enh hS ech khi T Ei0n UA A5.
;) #, >ung -iS+ cLnh U5, +4(UA) c~ A5 Li . )enh hS ech khi 5UA.
C
M
?
C
M
?
V9i giHi:
!) Fhi UA A5:lci #, >ung -iS+ UA,
' ' ' '
1
.
3
L M MC L M M
O : CI
2 3
1 3 3
.
3 2 2 12
a a a

;)Fhi 5UA: 4hKn >! h!i khi 5U
6, 5UA.
"Fhi U5c1 -P& #, 5, -89ng c!o
UU n[n
'
1
. '
3
L C C
O : L L

2
1 3
4 16
C LMC
a
: :
3
'
3
48
L C
a
O
"lci #, >ung -iS+ A5. )! c1 khi UA5 c1
-P& #, 5A, -89ng c!o U n[n
' ' A'
1
. '
3
L M C C
O : L X
2
A' '
1
2 4
C CMM
a
: :

2 3
' '
1 3 3
3 4 2 24
L M C
a a a
O
" rB& :
3
U'A'
3
16
C
a
O
5h8Cng
." /a0t ca1' 2 3ho4i ca1':
1" 56nh ngh7a
/a0t ca1': { }
S O R M OM R ( ; ) 3ho4i ca1': { }
V O R M OM R ( ; )
2" ,6 t) tng o4i gi8a (a0t ca1' !a (a0t phang
Cho mat cau S(O; R) va mat phang (P). Go d = d(O; (P)).
Neu d R th (P) cat (S) theo gao tuyen a ng tron nam tren (P),
co tam H va ban knh
2 2
r R d
.
Neu d ! R th (P) tep xuc v (S) ta tep em H. ("#$ %gl tie&' die()
cu*a "S$)
Neu d + R th (P) va (S) khong co em chung.
,hi d ! - th. "#$ %i qua ta/m O 0a1 %gl ma2t 'ha3)g 45)h6 %781)g tr91) gia9
tuye&) c9: ba:) 45)h ba;)g R %gl %781)g tr91) l8:)<
3" ,6 t) tng o4i gi8a (a0t ca1' !a ng thang
Cho mat cau S(O; R) va ng thang . Go d = d(O; ).
Neu d R th cat (S) ta ha em phan bet.
Neu d ! R th tep xuc v (S). ( %gl tie&' tuye&) cu*a "S$).
Neu d + R th va (S) khong co em chung.
4" /a0t ca1' ngoai tie4p 2 noi tie4p
/a0t ca1' ngoai tie4p /a0t ca1' noi tie4p
$nh a
-ien
Tat ca cac nh cua
hnh a den eu nam
tren mat cau
Tat ca cac mat cua hnh
a den eu tep xuc
v mat cau
$nh t)' Ha ng tron ay cua
hnh tru nam tren mat
cau
Mat cau tep xuc v
cac mat ay va mo
ng snh cua hnh tru
$nh non Mat cau qua nh va
ng tron ay cua hnh
non
Mat cau tep xuc v
mat ay va mo ng
snh cua hnh non
9" :ac 6nh ta;( (a0t ca1' ngoai tie4p <ho4i a -ien
Cach 1: Neu ") = >$ nh cua a den nhn ha nh con a d mot
goc vuong th tam cua mat cau a trung em cua oan thang no ha
nh o.
Cach 2: Ne xac nh tam cua mat cau ngoa tep hnh chop.
- Xac nh truc cua ay " la1 %781)g tha3)g 0u9/)g g9:c 08:i
%a:y ta?i ta/m %781)g tr91) )g9a?i tie&'
%a gia:c %a:y$<
- Xac nh mat phang trung trc (P) cua mot canh ben.
- Gao em cua (P) va a tam cua mat cau ngoa tep hnh
chop.
=$>?@% ..
3$AB. #CAD@ :AEF
=$>?@% ..
3$AB. #CAD@ :AEF
.." Dien tch 2 #he& tch
=a1' #)' @on
Den tch
2
4 S R
2
xq
S Rh
2
t' xq %a:y
S S S +
xq
S Rl
t' xq %a:y
S S S +
The tch
3
4
3
V R
2
V R h
2
1
3
V R h
,EB@ 5GH 1: /a0t ca1' 2 3ho4i ca1'
Bai 1" Cho hnh chop S.ABC co ay ABC a tam gac vuong ta B va
) ( LMC :L
.
a) Go O a trung em cua SC. Chng mnh: OA = OB = OC = SO. Suy ra
bon em A, B, C, S cung nam tren mat cau tam O ban knh
2
:C
R
.
b) Cho SA = BC = a va
2 a LM
. Tnh ban knh mat cau no tren.
Bai 2" Trong mat phang (P), cho ng thang d va mot em A
ngoa d. Mot goc xAy d ong quanh A, cat d ta B va C. Tren ng
thang qua A vuong goc v (P) ay em S. Go H va K a cac hnh
cheu vuong goc cua A tren SB va SC.
a) Chng mnh A, B, C, H, K thuoc cung mot mat cau.
b) Tnh ban knh mat cau tren, bet AB = 2, AC = 3,
@ 0
0 BAC A
.
Bai 3" Cho hnh chop S.ABCD co ay ABCD a hnh vuong canh a,
) ( LMCD :L
va 3 a :L . Go O a tam hnh vuong ABCD va K a hnh
cheu cua B tren SC.
a) Chung mnh ba em O, A, K cung nhn oan SB d mot goc
vuong. Suy ra nam em S, D, A, K B cung nam tren mat cau
ng knh SB.
b) Xac nh tam va ban knh mat cau no tren.
Bai 4" Cho mat cau S(O; a) va mot em A, bet OA = 2a. Oua A ke
mot tep tuyen tep xuc v (S) ta B va cung qua A ke mot cat
tuyen cat (S) ta C va D, bet 3 a CD .
a) Tnh AB.
b) Tnh khoang cach t O en ng thang CD.
Bai 9" Cho hnh chop tam gac eu S.ABC, co canh ay bang a va
goc hp b mat ben va ay bang 60
0
. Go O a tam cua tam
gac ABC. Trong tam gac SAO dng ng trung trc cua canh SA, cat
SO ta K.
a) Tnh SO, SA.
b) Chng mnh
SM, SOA B
( v M a trung em cua SA). Suy ra KS.
c) Chng mnh hnh chop K.ABC a hnh chop eu. suy ra: KA = KB +KC.
d) Xac nh tam va ban knh mat cau ngoa tep hnh chop S.ABC.
Bai I" Cho hnh chop S.ABC. bet rang co mot mat cau ban knh R
tep xuc v cac canh cua hnh chop va tam I cua mat cau
nam tren ng cao SH cua hnh chop.
a) Chng mnh rang S.ABC a hnh chop eu.
b) Tnh cheu cao cua hnh chop, bet rang 3 R I:
Bai J" Cho t den eu ABCD co canh a a.
n tp tt nghip Trang %%
a) Xac nh tam va ban knh mat cau ngoa tep t den.
b) Tnh den tch mat cau va the tch kho cau o.
Bai K" Cho mot hnh chop t gac eu co canh ay a a, canh
ben hp v mat ay mot goc 60
0
.
a) Xac nh tam va ban knh mat cau ngoa tep hnh chop.
b) Tnh den tch mat cau va the tch kho cau o.
Bai L" Cho hnh chop t gac eu S.ABCD co tat ca cac canh eu
bang a. Xac nh tam va ban knh cua mat cau qua nam em
S, A, B, C, D.
Bai 1M" Cho tam gac ABC co o da ba canh a 13, 14, 15. Mot mat
cau tam O, ban knh R = 5 tep xuc v ba canh cua tam gac ABC
ta cac tep em nam tren ba canh o. Tnh khoang cach t tam
mat cau t mat phang cha tam gac.
Bai 11" Hnh chop S.ABC co ng cao SA = a, ay ABC a tam gac
eu canh a. Tnh ban knh mat cau ngoa tep hnh chop.
Bai 12" Cho hnh chop t gac eu S.ABCD co canh ay bang a va
goc hp b mat ben va ay bang 60
0
. Xac nh tam va ban
knh mat cau ngoa tep hnh chop.
Bai 13" Hnh chop t gac eu S.ABCD co canh ay a va ng cao
h. Go O a tam cua ABCD va H a trung em cua BC. Nng phan
gac trong cua goc SHO cat SO ta I. Chng mnh rang I a tam
mat cau no tep hnh chop. Tnh ban knh mat cau nay.
Bai 14" Cho hnh chop S.ABC co SA (ABC) va tam gac ABC vuong ta
B. Go AH, AK an t a cac ng cao cua cac tam gac SAB va
SAC.
a) Chng mnh rang nam em A, B, C, H, K cung tren mot mat
cau.
b) Cho AB = 10, BC = 24. Xac nh tam va tnh ban knh mat cau o.
Bai 19" Cho hnh chop S.ABCD co ABCD a hnh vuong canh bang a, SA
=
7 a
va SA (ABCD). Mot mat phang (P) qua A va vuong goc v
SC, cat SB, SC, SD an t ta H, M, K.
a) Chng mnh rang bay em A, B, C, D, H, M, K cung tren mot
mat cau.
b) Xac nh tam va tnh ban knh mat cau o.
,EB@ 5GH 2: /a0t t)' 2 $nh t)' 2 3ho4i t)'
Bai 1" Cho hnh tru co cac ay a ha hnh tron tam O va O, ban
knh ay bang 2 cm. Tren ng tron ay tam O ay ha em A, B
sao cho AB = 2 cm. Bet rang the tch t den OOAB bang 8 cm
3
. Tnh
cheu cao hnh tru va the tch kho tru.
knh ay bang 2 cm. Tren ng tron ay tam O ay em A sao
cho AO hp v mat phang ay mot goc
0
60
. Tnh cheu cao hnh tru
va the tch kho tru.
knh ay bang cheu cao va bang a. Tren ng tron ay tam O
ay em A, tren ng tron ay tam O ay em B sao cho AB =
n tp tt nghip Trang %&
2a. Tnh the tch cua kho t den OOAB.
Bai 4" Mot kho tru co cheu cao bang 20 cm va co ban knh ay
bang 10 cm. Ng ta ke ha ban knh OA va OB an t tren ha
ay sao cho chung hp v nhau mot goc 30
0
. Cat kho tru b
mot mat phang cha ng thang AB va song song v truc OO
cua kho tru o. Hay tnh den tch cua thet den.
Bai 9" Mot hnh tru co ban knh ay R = 53 cm, khoang cach ga
ha ay h = 56 cm. Mot thet den song song v truc a hnh vuong.
Tnh khoang cach t truc en mat phang thet den.
Bai I" Cho hnh tru ban knh ay R, cheu cao OO = h, A va B a ha
em thay o tren ha ng tron ay sao cho o da AB = a
khong o ( )
2 2
4 h a h R > < +
.
a) Chng mnh goc ga ha ng thang AB va OO khong o.
b) Chng mnh khoang cach ga ha ng thang AB va OO khong
o.
Bai J" Trong khong gan cho hnh vuong ABCD canh a. Go I va H an
t a trung em cua cac canh AB va CD. Kh quay hnh vuong o
xung quanh truc IH ta c mot hnh tru tron xoay.
a) Tnh den tch xung quanh cua hnh tru tron xoay c tao nen.
b) Tnh the tch cua kho tru tron xoay c tao nen b hnh tru
tron xoay o.
Bai K" Mot hnh tru co ban knh ay R va co thet den qua truc
a mot hnh vuong.
a) Tnh den tch xung quanh va den tch toan phan cua hnh tru.
b) Tnh the tch cua kho ang tru t gac eu no tep trong kho
tru a cho.
Bai L" Mot hnh tru co ban knh ay R va ng cao bang 3 R ; A
va B a ha em tren ha ng tron ay sao cho goc hp b AB
va truc cua hnh tru a 30
0
.
a) Tnh den tch xung quanh va den tch toan phan cua hnh tru.
b) Tnh khoang cach ga AB va truc cua hnh tru.
Bai 1M" Cho hnh tru ban knh ay R, cheu cao h. Go A va B a ha
em an t nam tren ha ng tron ay (O, R) va (O, R) sao cho
OA va OB hp v nhau mot goc bang x va va ha ng thang
AB, OO hp v nhau mot goc bang y.
a) Tnh ban knh R theo h, x, y.
b) Tnh S
xq
, S
tp
va the tch V cua hnh tru theo h6 x6 y.
Bai 11" Cho hnh tru ban knh ay bang a va truc OO = 2a. OA va OB
a ha ban knh cua ha ng tron ay (O), (O) sao cho goc cua OA
va OB bang 30
0
.
a) Tnh o da oan thang AB.
b) Tnh tang cua goc ga AB va OO.
c) Tnh khoang cach ga AB va OO.
Bai 12" Mot kho tru co cac ay a ha hnh tron tam O va O, ban
knh R va co ng cao
2 R h
. Go A a mot em tren ng tron
tam O va B a mot em tren ng tron tam O sao cho OA
vuong goc v OB.
a) Chng mnh rang cac mat ben cua t den OABO a nhng tam
n tp tt nghip Trang %-
gac vuong. Tnh t so the tch cua kho t den OABO va kho
tru.
b) Go
( )
a mat phang qua AB va song song v OO. Tnh khoang
cach ga truc OO va mat phang
( )
.
c) Chng mnh rang
( )
a tep den cua mat tru co truc OO va
co ban knh ay bang
2
2
R
.
,EB@ 5GH 1: /a0t non 2 $nh non 2 3ho4i non
Bai 1" Cho hnh ang tru t gac eu ABCD.ABCD co canh ay
bang a, cheu cao 2a. Bet rang O a tam cua ABCD va (C) a
ng tron no tep ay ABCD. Tnh the tch kho non co nh O
va ay (C).
Bai 2" Cho hnh ang tru tam gac eu ABC.ABC co canh ay bang
a va cheu cao 2a. Bet rang O a tam cua ABC va (C) a ng
tron no tep ay ABC. Tnh the tch kho non co nh O va ay
(C).
Bai 3" Cho hnh chop t gac eu S.ABCD co canh ay bang a,
canh ben hp v ay mot goc
0
60
. Go (C) a ng tron ngoa
tep ay ABCD. Tnh the tch kho non co nh S va ay (C).
Bai 4" Trong khong gan cho tam gac OIM vuong ta I, goc IOM bang
30
0
va canh IM = a. Kh quay tam gac OIM quanh canh goc vuong OI
th ng gap khuc OMI tao thanh mot hnh non tron xoay.
a) Tnh den tch xung quanh cua hnh non tron xoay tao thanh.
b) Tnh the tch cua kho non tron xoay tao thanh.
Bai 9" Thet den qua truc cua mot hnh non a mot tam gac
vuong can co canh goc vuong bang a.
a) Tnh den tch xung quanh va den tch toan phan cua hnh non.
b) Tnh the tch cua kho non tng ng.
c) Mot thet den qua nh va tao v ay mot goc 60
0
. Tnh den
tch cua thet den nay.
Bai I" Cho hnh non nh S, ng cao SO, A va B a ha em thuoc
ng tron ay sao cho khoang cach t em O en AB bang a va
@ 0
0 SAO C
,
@ 0
0 SAB!A
. Tnh o da ng snh cua hnh non theo a.
Bai J" Thet den qua truc cua mot kho non a mot tam gac
vuong can co canh huyen bang a. Tnh the tch kho non va den
tch xung quanh cua hnh non a cho.
Bai K" Cho hnh ap phng ABCD. ABCD canh a. Tnh den tch xung
quanh cua hnh non co nh a tam O cua hnh vuong ABCD va
ay a hnh tron no tep hnh vuong ABCD.
Bai L" Cat mot hnh non bang mot mat phang qua truc cua no,
ta c thet den a mot tam gac eu canh 2a. Tnh den tch xung
quanh, den tch toan phan cua hnh va the tch cua kho non.
Bai 1M" Cho hnh chop tam gac eu S. ABC co canh ben bang a va
goc ga cac mat ben va mat ay a
. Mot hnh non nh S

co ng tron ay no tep tam gac eu ABC, Hay tnh den tch
xung quanh cua hnh non nay theo a va
.
Bai 11" Cho hnh chop t gac eu S.ABCD co cheu cao SO = h va
@
SAB
(
> 45
0
). Tnh den tch xung quanh cua hnh non nh S va co
ng tron ay ngoa tep hnh vuong ABCD.
Bai 12" Mot hnh non co o da ng snh bang 1 va goc ga
ng snh va ay a
.
a) Tnh den tch xung quanh va the tch cua kho non.
b) Go I a em tren ng cao SO cua hnh non sao cho
( ) 1 0 < < k k
:N
:I
.
Tnh den tch cua thet den qua I va vuong goc v truc.
5h8Cng :
1" 56nh ngh7a !a cac phep toan
Nnh ngha, tnh chat, cac phep toan ve vect trong khong gan
c xay dng hoan toan tng t nh trong mat phang.
Lu y:
+ N'i taOc ba ie&(: Cho ba em A, B, C bat ky, ta co:
AB BC AC +
uuur uuur uuur
+ N'i taOc hnh bnh hanh: Cho hnh bnh hanh ABCD, ta co:
AB AD AC +
uuur uuur uuur
+ N'i taOc hnh hop: Cho hnh hop ABCD.ABCD, ta co:
AB AD AA AC ' ' + +
uuur uuur uuur uuuur
+ $e; thc t)'ng ie&( oan thang: Cho I a trung em cua
oan thang AB, O tuy y.
Ta co:
0 IA IB +
uur uur
r
;
2 OA OB OI +
uuur uuur uur
+ $e thc t)ong ta;( ta( giac: Cho G a trong tam cua tam
gac ABC, O tuy y.
Ta co:
0 3 DA DB DC OA OB OC OD ; + + + +
uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
r
+ $e thc t)ong ta;( t -ien: Cho G a trong tam cua t
den ABCD, O tuy y.
Ta co:
0 4 DA DB DC DD OA OB OC OD OD ; + + + + + +
uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
r
+ 5ie1' <ien hai !ect c'ng phng:
0 a 0a1b cu1)g 'h78)g a 4 R b 4a ( ) ! :
r r r
r r r
+ 5ie&( / chia oan thang EB theo tP Qo4 < (k 1), O tuy y.
Ta co:
1
OA 4OB
MA 4MB OM
4
;

uuur uuur
uuur uuur uuur
2" R o1ng phang c'a ba !ect
Ba vect c go a ong phang neu cac ga cua chung cung
song song v mot mat phang.
=$>?@% ...
S$>?@% S$ETS #AEU 5AV #CA@%
3$AW@% %.E@
=$>?@% ...
S$>?@% S$ETS #AEU 5AV #CA@%
3$AW@% %.E@
." ,G=#? #CA@% 3$AW@% %.E@
." ,G=#? #CA@% 3$AW@% %.E@
5ie1' <ien e& ba !ect o1ng phang: Cho ba vect a b c , ,
r
r r
, trong
o a 0a1b
r
r
khong cung phng. Kh o: a b c , ,
r
r r
ong phang ! m, n R:
c ma )b +
r
r r
Cho ba vect a b c , ,
r
r r
khong ong phang, x
r
tuy y.
Kh o: ! m, n, p R: x ma )b 'c + +
r
r r r
3" #ch !o; hng c'a hai !ect
%oc gi8a hai !ect t)ong <ho;ng gian:
@ @ 0 0
0 180 AB u AC 0 u 0 BAC BAC , ( , ) ( )
uuur uuur
r r r r
#ch !o; hng c'a hai !ect t)ong <ho;ng gian:
+ Cho 0 u 0 ,
r
r r
. Kh o: u0 u 0 u 0 . . .cos( , )
r r r r r r
+ V 0 0 u h9a2c 0
r r
r r
. Ou c: 0 u0 .
r r
+ 0 u 0 u0 .
r r r r
+
2
u u
r r
1" $e toa o 5e;cac !'o;ng goc t)ong <ho;ng gian:
Cho ba truc Ox, Oy, Oz vuong goc v nhau tng o mot va chung
mot em goc O. Go i E 4 , ,
r r r
a cac vect n v, tng ng tren cac
truc Ox, Oy, Oz. He ba truc nh vay go a he toa o Necac vuong
goc Oxyz hoac n gan a he toa o Oxyz.
Chu: y::
2 2 2
1 i E 4
r r r
va 0 i E i 4 4 E . . .
r r r r r r
.
2" #oa o c'a !ect:
a) 56nh ngh7a: ( ) u x y z u xi yE z4 ; ; + +
r r r r r
b) #nh cha4t: Cho
1 2 3 1 2 3
a a a a b b b b 4 R ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ),
r r

1 1 2 2 3 3
a b a b a b a b ( ; ; ) t t t t
r
r

1 2 3
4a 4a 4a 4a ( ; ; )
r

1 1
2 2
3 3
a b
a b a b
a b

'
r r
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 i E 4 ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
r r r r

a
r
cung phng 0 b b ( )
r
r r
a 4b 4 R ( )
r r
1 1
3 1 2
2 2 1 2 3
1 2 3
3 3
0
a 4b
a a a
a 4b b b b
b b b
a 4b
, ( , , )

'

1 1 2 2 3 3
ab a b a b a b . . . . + +
r
r

1 1 2 2 3 3
0 a b ab a b a b + +
r r

2 2 2 2
1 2 3
a a a a + +
r

2 2 2
1 2 2
a a a a + +
r

1 1 2 2 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 2 3 1 2 3
ab a b a b
ab
a b
a b
a a a b b b
.
cos( , )
.
.
+ +

+ + + +
r
r
r
r
r
r
"08:i 0 a b ,
r r
r
$
3" #oa o c'a ie&(:
a) 56nh ngh7a: M x y z OM x y z ( ; ; ) ( ; ; )
uuur
"x B h9a1)h %9(6 y B tu)g %9(6 z B ca9
%9($
.." $GV #AEU 5AV #CA@% 3$AW@% %.E@
.." $GV #AEU 5AV #CA@% 3$AW@% %.E@
n tp tt nghip Trang &?
"hu# y#% M "Oxy$ z ! -F M "Oyz$ x ! -F M "Oxz$ y ! -
M Ox y ! z ! -F M Oy x ! z ! -F M Oz x ! y ! -
b) #nh cha4t: Cho
A A A B B B
A x y z B x y z ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )

B A B A B A
AB x x y y z z ( ; ; )
uuur

2 2 2
B A B A B A
AB x x y y z z ( ) ( ) ( ) + +
Toa o em M cha oan AB theo t so 4 "4[G$B
1 1 1
A B A B A B
x 4x y 4y z 4z
M
4 4 4
; ;
_

,
Toa o trung em M cua oan thang AB:
2 2 2
A B A B A B
x x y y z z
M ; ;
_ + + +

,
Toa o trong tam G cua tam gac ABC:
3 3 3
A B C A B C A B C
x x x y y y z z z
D ; ;
_ + + + + + +

,
Toa o trong tam G cua t den ABCD:
4 4 4
A B C D A B C D A B C C
x x x x y y y y z z z z
D ; ;
_ + + + + + + + + +

,
4" #ch co hng c'a hai !ect: "Ch78)g tr.)h )a/)g ca9$
a) 56nh ngh7a: =ho
1 2 3
a a a a ( , , )
r
,
1 2 3
b b b b ( , , )
r
.
[ ]
( )
2 3 3 1 1 2
2 3 3 2 3 1 1 3 1 2 2 1
2 3 3 1 1 2
a a a a a a
a b a b a b a b a b ab ab a b
b b b b b b
, ; ; ; ;
_

,
r r
r r
"hu# y#% H5ch c9: h78:)g cu*a hai 0ect8 la1 m9(t 0ect86 t5ch 09/ h78:)g cu*a hai
0ect8 la1 m9(t I9&<
b) #nh cha4t:
[ ] i E 4 E 4 i 4 i E , ; , ; , 1 1
] ]
r r r r r r r r r
a b a a b b | , | ; | , |
r r r r r r

( ) a b a b a b | , | . .sn ,
r r
r r
r r
a b ,
r r
cung phng 0 a b | , |
r r r
c) >Tng -'ng c'a tch co hng:
0!e1u 2!e3n 41ng &ha5ng $ua 6a 7e$t% a b ,
r r
va
c
r
ong phang
0 a b c | , |.
r r r
D!e3n t)$h hnh 6nh ha8nh 9B"D%
ABCD
S AB AD ,
1
]
J
uuur uuur
D!e3n t)$h tam g!a#$ 9B"%
1
2
ABC
S AB AC ,
]
uuur uuur
The: t)$h 2h! h3& 9B"D.9B"D%
ABCD A B C D
V AB AD AA
. ' ' ' '
| , |. '
uuur uuur uuur
The: t)$h t# *!e3n 9B"D%
1
6
ABCD
V AB AC AD | , |.
uuur uuur uuur

"hu# y#%
; T)$h 7 h#ng cu*a hai 0ect8 th781)g I7* du?)g %eK ch7:)g mi)h hai
%781)g tha3)g 0u9/)g g9:c6 t5)h g9:c gi7La hai %781)g tha3)g<
= T)$h $# h#ng cu*a hai 0ect8 th781)g I7* du?)g %eK t5)h die() t5ch tam
gia:cF t5)h theK t5ch 4h9&i t7: die()6 theK t5ch h.)h h9('F ch7:)g mi)h ca:c 0ect8
%9M)g 'ha3)g = 4h9/)g %9M)g 'ha3)g6 ch7:)g mi)h ca:c 0ect8 cu1)g 'h78)g<
n tp tt nghip Trang &1
[ ]
[ ]
0
0
0
a b ab
a 0a1b cu1)g 'h78)g a b
a b c %9M)g 'ha3)g a b c
.
,
, , , .

r r
r r
r r r
r r
r r
r r r r
9" Shng t)nh (a0t ca1':
Phng trnh mat cau (S) tam I"aF bF c$, ban knh R:
2 2 2 2
x a y b z c R ( ) ( ) ( ) + +
Phng trnh
2 2 2
2 2 2 0 x y z ax by cz d + + + + + +
v
2 2 2
0 a b c d + + >
a phng trnh
mat cau tam I"=aF =bF =c$ va ban knh R !
2 2 2
a b c d + +
<
,EB@ 5GH 1: =ac phep toan !e1 toa o c'a !ect !a c'a ie&(
; < *u+ng $a#$ $ng th#$ 7e1 ta+ 43 $ua 7e$t
7a8 $ua 4!e:m trng 2hng g!an.
; < *u+ng $a#$ &he#& ta#n 7e1 7e$t trng 2hng
g!an.
Bai 1I" Vet toa o cua cac vect sau ay:
2 a i E +
r r
r
;
7 8 b i 4
r r r
;
9 c 4
r
r
; 3 4 5 d i E 4 +
r r r r
Bai 1J" Vet d dang xi yE z4 + +
r r r
mo vect sau ay:
1
0 2
2
a ; ;
_

,
r
; 4 5 0 b ( ; ; )
r
;
4 1
0
3
3
c ; ;
_

,
r
;
1 1
3
5
d ; ;
_

,
r

Bai 1K" Cho: ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 5 3 0 2 1 1 7 2 a b c ; ; ; ; ; ; , ,
r
r r
. Tm toa o cua cac vect u
r
v:
a)
1
4 3
2
u a b c +
r
r r r
b)
4 2 u a b c
r
r r r
c)
2
4
3
u b c +
r
r r
d)
3 5 u a b c +
r
r r r
e)
1 4
2
2 3
u a b c
r
r r r
f)
3 2
4 3
u a b c
r
r r r
Bai 1L" Tm toa o cua vect x
r
, bet rang:
a)
0 a x +
r
r r
v ( )
1 2 1 a ; ;
r
b) 4 a x a +
r r r
v ( )
0 2 1 a ; ;
r
c)
2 a x b +
r
r r
v ( )
5 4 1 a ; ;
r
, ( )
2 5 3 b ; ;
r
Bai 2M" Cho
1 3 4 a ( ; ; )
r
.
a) Tm y va z e 2 b y z ( ; ; )
r
cung phng v a
r
.
b) Tm toa o cua vect c
r
, bet rang
a 0a1c
r r
ngc hng va 2 c a
r r
.
Bai 21" Cho ba vect ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 11 4 0 1 3 2 1 a b c ; ; , ; ; , ; ;
r
r r
. Tm:
a)
( )
ab c .
r
r r
b) ( )
2
a bc .
r
r r
c)
2 2 2
a b b c c a + +
r r
r r r r
d) ( )
2
3 2 a ab b c b . +
r r r
r r r
e)
2 2
4 5 ac b c . +
r
r r r
Bai 22" Tnh goc ga ha vect a
r
va
b
r
:
a) ( ) ( ) 4 3 1 1 2 3 a b ; ; , ; ;
r
r
b) ( ) ( ) 2 5 4 6 0 3 a b ; ; , ; ;
r
r
c)
2 1 2 0 2 2 a b ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
r
r
d)
3 2 2 3 3 2 3 1 a b ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
r
r
e)
4 2 4 2 2 2 2 0 a b ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
r
r
f) 3 2 1 2 1 1 a b ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
r
r
Bai 23" Xet s ong phang cua ba vect a b c , ,
r
r r
trong mo trng hp
sau ay:
a) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 11 0 1 2 4 2 3 a b c ; ; , ; ; , ; ;
r
r r
b) ( ) ( ) ( ) 4 3 4 2 1 2 1 2 1 a b c ; ; , ; ; , ; ;
r
r r
c) ( ) ( ) ( ) 3 1 2 1 11 2 2 1 a b c ; ; , ; ; , ; ;
r
r r
d) ( ) ( ) ( ) 4 2 5 3 1 3 2 0 1 a b c ; ; , ; ; , ; ;
r
r r
e) 2 3 1 1 2 0 3 2 4 a b c ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
r
r r
f) 5 4 8 2 3 0 1 7 7 a b c ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
r
r r
g) 2 4 3 1 2 2 3 2 1 a b c ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
r
r r
h) 2 4 3 1 3 2 3 2 1 a b c ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
r
r r
Bai 24" Chng to bon vect a b c d , , ,
r r
r r
ong phang:
a) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 6 1 4 3 2 4 2 2 2 11 1 a b c d ; ; , ; ; , ; ; , ( ; ; )
r r
r r
b) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 6 1 2 1 1 4 3 2 2 11 1 a b c d ; ; , ; ; , ; ; , ( ; ; )
r r
r r
,EB@ 5GH 2: :ac 6nh ie&( t)ong <ho;ng gian" =hng (inh tnh
cha4t hnh hoc"
Dien tch 2 #he& tch"
; < *u+ng $a#$ $ng th#$ 7e1 ta+ 43 $ua 7e$t
7a8 $ua 4!e:m trng 2hng g!an.
; < *u+ng $a#$ &he#& ta#n 7e1 7e$t trng 2hng
g!an.
; "ng th#$ =a#$ 4>nh ta+ 43 $ua $a#$ 4!e:m 4a?$
6!e3t.
; T)nh $hat hnh h+$ $ua $a#$ 4!e:m 4a?$ 6!e3t%
9@ B@ " tha5ng ha8ng AB AC ,
uuur uuur
$u8ng &hng AB 4AC
uuur uuur

0 AB AC ,
1

]
uuur uuur
r
9B"D la8 hnh 6nh ha8nh
AB DC
uuur uuur

"h 9B" $# $a#$ $han A@ B $ua $a#$ 48ng &han
g!a#$ trng 7a8 nga8! $ua g#$ 9 $ua 9B" tren B". Ta $#%
AB
NB NC
AC
.
uuur uuur
@
AB
OB OC
AC
.
uuur uuur
9@ B@ "@ D 2hng 41ng &ha5ng AB AC AD , ,
uuur uuur uuur
2hng
41ng &ha5ng 0 AB AC AD , .
1

]
uuur uuur uuur
Bai 1" Cho em M. Tm toa o hnh cheu vuong goc cua em M:
Tren cac mat phang toa o: Oxy, Oxz, Oyz Tren cac truc
toa o: Ox, Oy, Oz
a)
1 2 3 M( ; ; )
b)
3 1 2 M( ; ; )
c)
1 1 3 M( ; ; )
d)
1 2 1 M( ; ; )
e)
2 5 7 M( ; ; )
f)
22 15 7 M( ; ; )
g)
11 9 10 M( ; ; )
h)
3 6 7 M( ; ; )
Bai 2" Cho em M. Tm toa o cua em M o xng v em M:
Oua goc toa o Oua mp(Oxy) Oua truc Oy
a)
1 2 3 M( ; ; )
b)
3 1 2 M( ; ; )
c)
1 1 3 M( ; ; )
d)
1 2 1 M( ; ; )
e)
2 5 7 M( ; ; )
f)
22 15 7 M( ; ; )
g)
11 9 10 M( ; ; )
h)
3 6 7 M( ; ; )
Bai 3" Xet tnh thang hang cua cac bo ba em sau:
a)
1 3 1 0 1 2 0 0 1 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
b)
11 1 4 3 1 9 5 1 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
c)
10 9 12 20 3 4 50 3 4 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
d)
1 5 10 5 7 8 2 2 7 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
Bai 4" Cho ba em A, B, C.
Chng to ba em A, B, C tao thanh mot tam gac.
Tm toa o trong tam G cua ABC.
Xac nh em D sao cho ABCD a hnh bnh hanh.
a)
1 2 3 0 3 7 12 5 0 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
b)
0 13 21 11 23 17 1 0 19 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
c)
3 4 7 5 3 2 1 2 3 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
d)
4 2 3 2 1 1 3 8 7 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
e)
3 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 3 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
f)
4 1 4 0 7 4 3 1 2 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
g) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 11 A B C ; ; , ; ; , ; ; h)
1 2 6 2 5 1 1 8 4 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
Bai 9" Tren truc Oy "Ox$, tm em cach eu ha em:
a)
3 1 0 A( ; ; )
,
2 4 1 B( ; ; )
b)
1 2 1 11 0 7 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
c)
4 1 4 0 7 4 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
d)
3 1 2 1 2 1 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
e)
3 4 7 5 3 2 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
f)
4 2 3 2 1 1 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
Bai I" Tren mat phang Oxy "Oxz6 Oyz$, tm em cach eu ba em:
a)
1 11 1 1 0 3 1 1 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
b)
3 2 4 0 0 7 5 3 3 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
c)
3 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 3 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
d)
0 13 21 11 23 17 1 0 19 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
e)
1 0 2 2 1 1 1 3 2 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
f)
1 2 6 2 5 1 1 8 4 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
Bai J" Cho bon em A, B, C, D.
Chng mnh A, B, C, D a bon nh cua mot t den.
Tm toa o trong tam G cua t den ABCD.
a)
2 5 3 1 0 0 3 0 2 3 1 2 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
b) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 A B C D ; ; , ; ; , ; ; , ; ;
c) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 11 0 0 2 1 1 0 2 11 1 A B C D ; ; , ; ; , ; ; , ; ; d) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 6 2 4 6 A B C D ; ; , ; ; , ; ; , ; ;
e)
2 3 1 4 1 2 6 3 7 5 4 8 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
f)
5 7 2 3 1 1 9 4 4 1 5 0 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
g)
2 4 1 1 0 1 1 4 2 1 2 1 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
h)
3 2 4 2 5 2 1 2 2 4 2 3 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
)
3 4 8 1 2 1 5 2 6 7 4 3 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
k)
3 2 6 2 4 4 9 9 1 0 0 1 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
Bai K" Cho hnh hop ABCD.A'B'C'D'. Tm toa o cac nh con a.
a) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 0 1 2 1 2 1 11 4 5 5 A B D C ; ; , ; ; , ; ; , ' ; ; b)
2 5 3 1 0 0 3 0 2 3 1 2 A B C A ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), '( ; ; )
c)
0 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 A B D A ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ;), '( ; ; )
d)
0 2 2 0 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 A B C C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), '( ; ; )
,EB@ 5GH 3: Shng t)nh (a0t ca1'
PeK 0ie&t 'h78)g tr.)h ma2t caMu "S$6 ta caM) xa:c %Q)h tam I 0a1 6a#n
2)nh C cu*a ma2t caMu<
Dang 1: "S$ co tam I"aF bF c$ va ban knh RB
(<D%
2 2 2 2
x a y b z c R ( ) ( ) ( ) + +
Dang 2: "S$ co tam I"aF bF c$ va qua em A:
,hi %9: ba:) 45)h R ! IA<
Dang 3: "S$ nhan oan thang AB cho trc am ng knh:
= Ha/m I la1 tru)g %ieKm cu*a %9a?) tha3)g ABB
2 2 2
A B A B A B
I I I
x x y y z z
x y z ; ;
+ + +
<
= Ba:) 45)h R ! IA !
2
AB
<
Dang 4: "S$ qua bon em A, B, C, D "ma2t caMu )g9a?i tie&' t7: die()
ABCD$B
= Dia* I7* 'h78)g tr.)h ma2t caMu "S$ c9: da?)gB
2 2 2
2 2 2 0 x y z ax by cz d + + + + + +
(*).
= Hhay laM) l78?t t9a? %9( cu*a ca:c %ieKm A6 B6 C6 D 0a19 "R$6 ta %78?c S
'h78)g tr.)h<
= Dia*i he( 'h78)g tr.)h %9:6 ta t.m %78?c a6 b6 c6 d #h78)g tr.)h ma2t
caMu "S$<
Dang 9: "S$ qua ba em A, B, C va co tam I nam tren mat phang
(P) cho trc:
Dia*i t78)g t7? )h7 da?)g S<
Dang I: "S$ co tam I va tep xuc v mat cau "H$ cho trc:
= Xa:c %Q)h ta/m T 0a1 ba:) 45)h R cu*a ma2t caMu "H$<
= S7* du?)g %ieMu 4ie() tie&' xu:c cu*a hai ma2t caMu %eK t5)h ba:)
45)h R cu*a ma2t caMu "S$<
"Xe:t hai tr781)g h8?' tie&' xu:c tr9)g 0a1 tie&' xu:c )g9a1i$
"hu# y#% V8:i 'h78)g tr.)h ma2t caMu "S$B
2 2 2
2 2 2 0 x y z ax by cz d + + + + + +
v
2 2 2
0 a b c d + + >
th. "S$ c9: tam I"=aF =bF =c$ va ban knh R !
2 2 2
a b c d + +
<
Bai 1" Tm tam va ban knh cua cac mat cau sau:
a)
2 2 2
8 2 1 0 x y z x y + + + +
b)
2 2 2
4 8 2 4 0 x y z x y z + + + +
c)
2 2 2
2 4 4 0 x y z x y z + + +
d)
2 2 2
6 4 2 86 0 x y z x y z + + +
e)
2 2 2
12 4 6 24 0 x y z x y z + + + +
f)
2 2 2
6 12 12 72 0 x y z x y z + + + +
g)
2 2 2
8 4 2 4 0 x y z x y z + + + +
h)
2 2 2
3 4 0 x y z x y + + +
)
2 2 2
3 3 3 6 3 15 2 0 x y z x y z + + + +
k)
2 2 2
6 2 2 10 0 x y z x y z + + + +
Bai 2" Vet phng trnh mat cau co tam I va ban knh R:
a)
1 3 5 3 I R ( ; ; ),
b)
5 3 7 2 I R ( ; ; ),
c)
1 3 2 5 I R ( ; ; ),
d)
2 4 3 3 I R ( ; ; ),
Bai 3" Vet phng trnh mat cau co tam I va qua em A:
a)
2 4 1 5 2 3 I A ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
b)
0 3 2 0 0 0 I A ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
c)
3 2 1 2 1 3 I A ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
d)
4 4 2 0 0 0 I A ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
e)
4 1 2 1 2 4 I A ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
Bai 4" Vet phng trnh mat cau co ng knh AB, v:
a)
2 4 1 5 2 3 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
b)
0 3 2 2 4 1 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
c)
3 2 1 2 1 3 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
d)
4 3 3 2 1 5 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
e)
2 3 5 4 1 3 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
f)
6 2 5 4 0 7 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
Bai 9" Vet phng trnh mat cau ngoa tep t den ABCD, v:
a) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 11 0 0 2 1 1 0 2 11 1 A B C D ; ; , ; ; , ; ; , ; ; b) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 6 2 4 6 A B C D ; ; , ; ; , ; ; , ; ;
c)
2 3 1 4 1 2 6 3 7 5 4 8 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
d)
5 7 2 3 1 1 9 4 4 1 5 0 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
e)
6 2 3 0 1 6 2 0 1 4 1 0 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
f)
0 1 0 2 3 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
Bai I" Vet phng trnh mat cau qua ba em A, B, C va co tam
nam trong mat phang (P) cho trc, v: a)
1 2 0 1 1 3 2 0 1 A B C
# Oxz
( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
( ) ( )

'
b)
2 0 1 1 3 2 3 2 0 A B C
# Oxy
( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
( ) ( )
'
Bai J" Vet phng trnh mat cau (S) co tam I va tep xuc v
mat cau (T), v:
a)
2 2 2
5 1 1
2 4 6 5 0
I
H x y z x y z
( ; ; )
( ):

'
+ + + +
b)
2 2 2
3 2 2
2 4 8 5 0
I
H x y z x y z
( ; ; )
( ):

'
+ + + +
1" ,ect phap t'+e4n 2 =a0p !ect chP phng c'a (a0t phang
Vect 0 )
r
r
a VTPT cua () neu ga cua )
r
vuong goc v ().
Ha vect a b ,
r
r
khong cung phng a cap VTCP cua () neu cac ga cua
chung song song hoac nam tren ().
"hu# y#% Ue&u )
r
la1 m9(t VH#H cu*a "$ th. 4)
r
"4 [ -$ cuL)g la1 VH#H cu*a
"$<
Ue&u a b ,
r
r
la1 m9(t ca2' VHC# cu*a "$ th. [ ] ) a b ,
r
r r
la1 m9(t VH#H cu*a
"$<
2" Shng t)nh to&ng X'at c'a (a0t phang
2 2 2
0 0 Ax By Cz D 08:i A B C + + + + + >
Neu () co phng trnh
0 Ax By Cz D + + +
th
) A B C ( ; ; )
r
a mot VTPT cua ().
Phng trnh mat phang qua
0 0 0 0
M x y z ( ; ; )
va co mot VTPT
) A B C ( ; ; )
r
a:
0 0 0
0 A x x B y y C z z ( ) ( ) ( ) + +
3" =ac t)ng hp )ie;ng
..." S$>?@% #CY@$ /EZ# S$E[@%
..." S$>?@% #CY@$ /EZ# S$E[@%
n tp tt nghip Trang &%
=ac he Qo4 Shng t)nh (a0t
phang \)
#nh cha4t (a0t phang
\)
v = 0
0 Ax By Cz + +
() i Gu! goPc o! o @
U = 0
0 By Cz D + +
() == @( ho!c () @(
A = 0 0 Ax Cz D + +
() == @& ho!c () @&
5 = 0
0 Ax By D + +
() == @ ho!c () @
U = A = 0 0 Cz D +
() == (@(&) ho!c () (@(&)
U = 5 = 0
0 By D +
() == (@() ho!c () (@()
A = 5 = 0
0 Ax D +
() == (@&) ho!c () (@&)
"hu# y#% Ue&u tr9)g 'h78)g tr.)h cu*a "$ 4h9/)g ch7:a aK) )a19 th. "$
I9)g I9)g h9a2c ch7:a tru?c t78)g 7:)g<
#h78)g tr.)h ma2t 'ha3)g the9 %9a?) chaV)B 1
x y z
a b c
+ +
"$ caVt ca:c tru?c t9a? %9( ta?i ca:c %ieKm "aF -F -$6 "-F bF -$6 "-F -F c$
4" ,6 t) tng o4i c'a hai (a0t phang
Cho ha mat phang (), () co phng trnh: ():
1 1 1 1
0 Ax By C z D + + +
():
2 2 2 2
0 A x B y C z D + + +
"$6 "$ caVt )hau
1 1 1 2 2 2
A B C A B C : : : :
"$ WW "$
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
A B C D
A B C D

"$ "$
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
A B C D
A B C D

"$ "$
1 2 1 2 1 2
0 A A BB CC + +
9" 3hoang cach t ie&( M
E
(=
E
F y
E
F G
E
D e4n (a0t phang (D% 9= + By +
"G + D = E
( )
0 0 0
0
2 2 2
Ax By Cz D
d M
A B C
,( )
+ + +
+ +
,EB@ 5GH 1: ,ie4t phng t)nh (a0t phang
0e: la3& &hng trnh ma?t &ha5ng (D ta $a1n =a#$
4>nh m3t %ieKm thu3$ (D 7a8 m3t VH#H $ua n#.
Dang 1: (D i X'a ie&(
( )
0 0 0
M x \ y \ P
co ,#S# ( ) n L\ M\C
r
:
(D%
( ) ( ) ( )
0 0 0
0 L x x M y y C P P + +
( )
0 0 0
M x \ y \ P
co ca0p ,#=S a b ,
r
r
:
Hh! 4# m3t (TPT $ua (D la8 [ ] ) a b ,
r
r r
.
( )
0 0 0
M x \ y \ P
!a Qong Qong !i (a0t
phang (D% 9= + By + "G + D = E:
(D%
( ) ( ) ( )
0 0 0
0 L x x M y y C P P + +
Dang 4: (D i X'a 3 ie&( <ho;ng thang hang E] B] =:
Hh! 4# ta $# the: =a#$ 4>nh m3t (TPT $ua (D
la8% ) AB AC ,
1
]
uuur uuur
r
Dang 5: (D i X'a (ot ie&( / !a (ot ng thang \-)
<ho;ng cha /:
; Tren (*D lay 4!e:m 9 7a8 (T"P u
r
.
; M3t (TPT $ua (D la8% ) AM u ,
1
]
uuur
r r
n tp tt nghip Trang &&
Dang 6: (D i X'a (ot ie&( / !a !'o;ng goc !i (ot
ng thang \-):
(T"P u
r
$ua 48ng tha5ng (*D la8 m3t (TPT $ua
(D.
Dang 7: (D i X'a 2 ng thang caOt nha' -
1
] -
2
:
; Ia#$ 4>nh $a#$ (T"P a b ,
r
r
$ua $a#$ 48ng tha5ng
*
,
@ *
-
.
; M3t (TPT $ua (D la8% [ ] ) a b ,
r
r r
.
; Jay m3t 4!e:m M thu3$ *
,
ha?$ *
-
M (D.
Dang 8: (D cha ng thang -
1
!a Qong Qong !i
ng thang -
2
(*
,
@ *
-
$he# nhauD:
2 Ia#$ 4>nh $a#$ (T"P a b ,
r
r
*
,
@ *
-
.
; M3t (TPT $ua (D la8% [ ] ) a b ,
r
r r
.
,
M (D.
Dang 9: (D i X'a ie&( / !a Qong Qong !i hai ng
thang cheo nha' -
1
] -
2
:
; Ia#$ 4>nh $a#$ (T"P a b ,
r
r
*
,
@ *
-
.
; M3t (TPT $ua (D la8% [ ] ) a b ,
r
r r
.
Dang 10: (D i X'a (ot ng thang \-) !a !'o;ng goc
!i (ot (a0t phang \):
; Ia#$ 4>nh (T"P u
r
$ua (*D 7a8 (TPT
)
r
$ua (D.
; M3t (TPT $ua (D la8%
) u ) ,

1
]
r r r
.
; Jay m3t 4!e:m M thu3$ * M (D.
Dang 11: (D i X'a ie&( / !a !'o;ng goc !i hai (a0t
phang caOt nha' \)] \):
; Ia#$ 4>nh $a#$ (TPT
) ) ,

r r
$ua (D 7a8 (D.
) u ) ,

1
]
r r r
.
Dang 12: (D i X'a ng thang \-) cho t)c !a cach
ie&( / cho t)c (ot <hoang < cho t)c:
2 .!a K (D $# &hng trnh%
0 Lx My CP]D + +
( )
2 2 2
0 L M C + +
<
; Jay - 4!e:m 9@ B (*D 9@ B (D (ta 4+$ ha!
&hng trnh (,D@ (-DD.
; T8 4!e1u 2!e3n 2hang $a#$h
d M 4 ( ,( ))
@ ta 4+$
&hng trnh (/D.
; .!a! he3 &hng trnh (,D@ (-D@ (/D (6aLng $a#$h
$h g!a# tr> m3t a:n@ tm $a#$ a:n $8n la+!D.
Dang 13: (D â tie4p *'c !i (a0t ca1' \R) tai ie&( $:
; .!a K ma?t $a:u (<D $# tam I 7a8 6a#n 2)nh C.
) IH
uur
r
Chu: y:B 0e: 7!et &hng trnh ma?t &ha5ng $a1n naMm
7ng $a#$ $a#$h =a#$ 4>nh ma?t &ha5ng 4a h+$ l#&
n tp tt nghip Trang &-
,,.
Bai 29" Vet phng trnh mat phang (P) qua em M va co VTPT n
r
cho trc:
a) ( ) ( ) M 3;1;1 , n 1;1;2
r
b) ( ) ( ) M 2;7;0 , n 3;0;1
r
c) ( ) ( ) M 4; 1; 2 , n 0;1;3
r
d) ( ) ( ) M 2;1; 2 , n 1;0;0
r
e) ( ) ( ) M 3;4;5 ,n 1; 3; 7
r
f) ( ) ( ) M 10;1;9 , n 7;10;1
r
Bai 2I" Vet phng trnh mat phang trung trc cua oan thang AB
cho trc, v:
a)
2 1 1 2 1 1 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
b)
1 1 4 2 0 5 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
c)
2 3 4 4 1 0 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
d)
1 1
A ; 1;0 , B 1; ;5
2 2
_ _

, ,
e)
2 1 1
A 1; ; , B 3; ;1
3 2 3
_ _

, ,
f)
2 5 6 1 3 2 A B ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
Bai 2J" Vet phng trnh mat phang qua em M va co cap VTCP
a b ,
r
r
cho trc, v:
a) 1 2 3 2 1 2 3 2 1 M a b ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
r
r
b) 1 2 3 3 1 2 0 3 4 M a b ( ; ; ), ; ; ), ( ; ; )
r
r

c) 1 3 4 2 7 2 3 2 4 M a b ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
r
r
d) 4 0 5 6 1 3 3 2 1 M a b ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ); ( ; ; )
r
r
Bai 2K" Vet phng trnh mat phang () qua em M va song song
v mat phang ( )
cho trc, v:
a) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 1 5 M Oxy ; ; , b) ( ) ( ) 1 2 1 2 3 0 M x y ; ; , : +
c) ( ) ( ) 1 1 0 2 10 0 M x y z ; ; , : + d) ( ) ( ) 3 6 5 1 0 M x z ; ; , : +
e)
2 3 5 2 5 0 M x y z ( ; ; ), ( ): + +
f)
11 1 10 10 20 40 0 M x y z ( ; ; ), ( ): +
Bai 2L" Vet phng trnh mat phang () qua em M va an t
song song v cac mat phang toa o, v:
a) ( ) 2 1 5 M ; ; b) ( ) 1 2 1 M ; ; c) ( ) 1 1 0 M ; ; d) ( ) 3 6 5 M ; ;
e)
2 3 5 M( ; ; )
f)
11 1 M( ; ; )
g)
1 1 0 M( ; ; )
h)
3 6 5 M( ; ; )
Bai 3M" Vet phng trnh mat phang () qua ba em A, B, C khong
thang hang cho trc, v:
a)
1 2 4 3 2 1 2 1 3 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
b)
0 0 0 2 1 3 4 2 1 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
c)
1 2 3 2 4 3 4 5 6 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
d)
3 5 2 1 2 0 0 3 7 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
e)
2 4 0 5 1 7 1 1 1 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
f)
3 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 7 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
Bai 31" Vet phng trnh mat phang () qua em A va vuong goc
v ng thang qua ha em B, C cho trc, v:
a)
1 2 4 3 2 1 2 1 3 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
b)
0 0 0 2 1 3 4 2 1 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
c)
1 2 3 2 4 3 4 5 6 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
d)
3 5 2 1 2 0 0 3 7 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
e)
2 4 0 5 1 7 1 1 1 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
f)
3 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 7 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
Bai 32" Vet phng trnh mat phang () qua ha em A, B va vuong
goc v mat phang () cho trc, v:
a)
( )
3 1 1 2 1 4
2 3 1 0
A B
x y z
( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
:

'
+
b)
( )
2 1 3 4 2 1
2 3 2 5 0
A B
x y z
( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
:

'
+ +
c)
( )
2 1 3 4 7 9
3 4 8 5 0
A B
x y z
( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
:

'
+
d)
( )
3 1 2 3 1 2
2 2 2 5 0
A B
x y z
( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
:

'
+
Bai 33" Vet phng trnh mat phang () qua em M va vuong goc
v ha mat phang (), () cho trc, v:
a) ( ) ( ) 1 2 5 2 3 1 0 2 3 1 0 M x y z x y z ( ; ; ), : , : + + + +
b) ( ) ( ) 1 0 2 2 2 0 3 0 M x y z x y z ( ; ; ), : , : +
c) ( ) ( ) 2 4 0 2 3 2 5 0 3 4 8 5 0 M x y z x y z ( ; ; ), : , : + + +
d) ( ) ( ) 5 1 7 3 4 3 6 0 3 2 5 3 0 M x y z x y z ( ; ; ), : , : + + +
Bai 34" Vet phng trnh mat phang () qua em M va gao tuyen
cua ha mat phang (P), (O) cho trc, v:
a) ( )
( )
( ) 1 2 3 2 3 5 0 3 2 5 1 0 M # x y z X B x y z ; ; , : , + +
b) ( )
( )
( ) 2 1 1 4 0 3 1 0 M # x y z X B x y z ; ; , : , + +
c) ( )
( )
( ) 3 4 1 19 6 4 27 0 42 8 3 11 0 M # x y z X B x y z ; ; , : , + + +
d) ( )
( )
( ) 0 0 1 5 3 2 5 0 2 1 0 M # x y z X x y z ; ; , : , : +
,EB@ 5GH 2: ,6 t) tng o4i c'a hai (a0t phang
Bai 1" Xet v tr tng o cua cac cap mat phang sau:
a)
2 3 2 5 0
3 4 8 5 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+
b)
3 4 3 6 0
3 2 5 3 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+
c)
5 5 5 1 0
3 3 3 7 0
x y z
x y z
+
'
+ +
d)
6 4 6 5 0
12 8 12 5 0
x y z
x y z
+
'

e)
2 2 4 5 0
25
5 5 10 0
2
x y z
x y z
+
'
+
f)
3 2 6 23 0
3 2 6 33 0
x y z
x y z

'
+
Bai 2" Xac nh m6 ) e cac cap mat phang sau: song song
cat nhau trung nhau
a)
3 2 7 0
7 6 4 0
x my z
)x y z
+
'
+ +
b)
5 2 11 0
3 5 0
x y mz
x )y z
+
'
+ +
c)
2 3 5 0
6 6 2 0
x my z
)x y z
+ +
'
+
d)
3 9 0
2 2 3 0
x y mz
x )y z
+
'
+ +
e)
2 3 5 0
6 6 2 0
x y z
mx y z
+ +
'

f)
3 5 3 0
2 3 1 0
x y mz
x y z
+
'
+ +

g)
2 0
2 4 3 0
x my z
x y )z
+ +
'
+ +
h)
2 2 1 0
3 2 0
x )y z
x y mz
+
'
+
)
3 3 2 5 0
2 2 10 0
x m y z
m x y mz
( )
( )
+
'
+ +
Bai 3" Xac nh m e cac cap mat phang sau vuong goc v
nhau
a)
2 7 2 0
3 2 15 0
x y mz
x y z
+ +
'
+ +
b)
2 1 3 2 3 0
1 4 5 0
m x my z
mx m y z
( )
( )
+ +
'
+ +

c)
2 12 0
7 0
mx y mz
x my z
+ +
'
+ + +
d)
3 3 2 5 0
2 2 10 0
x m y z
m x y mz
( )
( )
+
'
+ +
e)
4 3 3 0
2 7 1 0
x y z
mx y z

'
+
f)
3 5 3 0
3 2 5 0
x y mz
x y z
+
'
+ + +
,EB@ 5GH 3: 3hoang cach t (ot ie&( e4n (ot (a0t phang"
3hoang cach gi8a hai (a0t phang Qong Qong"
$nh chie4' c'a (ot ie&( t)e;n (a0t phang " 5ie&( o4i *ng
c'a (ot ie&( X'a (a0t phang"
,h9a*)g ca:ch t71 %ieKm M
-
"x
-
F y
-
F z
-
$ %e&) ma2t 'ha3)g "$B Ax Y By Y Cz Y D
! -
( )
0 0 0
0
2 2 2
Ax By Cz D
d M
A B C
,( )
+ + +
+ +
,h9a*)g ca:ch gi7La hai ma2t 'ha3)g I9)g I9)g ba;)g 4h9a*)g ca:ch t71 m9(t
%ieKm ba&t 4. tre/) ma2t 'ha3)g )a1y %e&) ma2t 'ha3)g 4ia<
"hu# y#% Ue&u hai ma2t 'ha3)g 4h9/)g I9)g I9)g th. 4h9a*)g ca:ch gi7La
chu:)g ba;)g -<
PieKm H la1 h.)h chie&u cu*a %ieKm M tre/) "#$
MH ) cu1)g 'h78)g
H #
,
( )
'
uuuur
r
PieKm M %9&i x7:)g 08:i %ieKm M qua "#$
2 MM MH
uuuuur uuuur
Bai 1" Cho mat phang (P) va em M.
Tnh khoang cach t M en (P). Tm toa o hnh cheu H
cua M tren (P).
Tm toa o em M o xng v M qua (P).
a)
2 2 6 0 2 3 5 # x y z M ( ): , ( ; ; ) +
b)
5 14 0 1 4 2 # x y z M ( ): , ( ; ; ) + +
c)
6 2 3 12 0 3 1 2 # x y z M ( ): , ( ; ; ) + +
d)
2 4 4 3 0 2 3 4 # x y z M ( ): , ( ; ; ) + +
e)
4 0 2 1 1 # x y z M ( ): , ( ; ; ) +
f)
3 2 0 1 2 4 # x y z M ( ): , ( ; ; ) +
Bai 2" Tm khoang cach ga ha mat phang:
a)
2 3 1 0
2 3 5 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+ +
b)
6 2 1 0
6 2 3 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+
c)
2 4 5 0
3 5 1 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+
d)
4 8 1 0
4 8 5 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+ +
e)
2 4 5 0
3 5 1 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+
f)
3 6 3 7 0
2 1 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+ +

Bai 3" Tm phng trnh tong quat cua mat phang (P) qua em A
va song song v mat phang (O) cho trc. Tnh khoang cach ga
(P) va (O):
a) ( ) 1 2 3 2 4 4 0 A X x y z ; ;- , ( ): + . b) ( ) 3 1 2 6 2 3 12 0 A X x y z ; ;- , ( ): + + .
,EB@ 5GH 4: %oc gi8a hai (a0t phang
Ch9 hai ma2t 'ha3)g "$6 "$ c9: 'h78)g tr.)hB "$B
1 1 1 1
0 Ax By C z D + + +
"$B
2 2 2 2
0 A x B y C z D + + +
D9:c gi7La "$6 "$ 6aLng h9a2c 6u8 08:i g9:c gi7La hai VH#H
1 2
) ) ,
r r
<
( )
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 2
1 1 1 2 2 2
) ) A A BB CC
) )
A B C A B C
.
cos ( ),( )
.
.

+ +

+ + + +
r r
r r
"hu# y#%
@
( )
0 0
0 90 ( ),( )
<
1 2 1 2 1 2
0 A A BB CC ( ) ( ) + +
Bai 1" Tnh goc ga ha mat phang:
a)
1 0
5 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+
b)
2 2 1 0
2 2 5 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+ +
c)
2 4 5 0
4 2 1 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+
d)
4 4 2 7 0
2 4 5 0
x y z
x z
+ +
'
+
e)
2 2 3 0
2 2 12 0
x y z
y z
+
'
+ +
f)
3 3 3 2 0
4 2 4 9 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+ +
Bai 2" Tm m e goc ga ha mat phang sau bang cho trc:

a)
0
2 1 3 2 3 0
1 4 5 0
90
m x my z
mx m y z
( )
( )
+ +
+ +
'
b)
0
2 12 0
7 0
45
mx y mz
x my z
+ +
+ + +
'
c)
0
2 2 5 0
3 2 3 0
90
m x my mz
mx m y z
( )
( )
+ + +
+ +
'
d)
0
3 0
2 1 1 1 6 0
30
mx y mz
m x m y m z ( ) ( ) ( )
+ +
+ + +
'
,EB@ 5GH 9: ,6 t) tng o4i gi8a (a0t phang !a (a0t ca1'"

Shng t)nh (a0t phang tie4p *'c !i (a0t ca1'
Ch9 ma2t 'ha3)g "$B
0 Ax By Cz D + + +
0a1 ma2t caMu "S$B
2 2 2 2
x a y b z c R ( ) ( ) ( ) + +
"$ 0a1 "S$ 4h9/)g c9: %ieKm chu)g
d I R ( ,( )) >
"$ tie&' xu:c 08:i "S$
d I R ( ,( ))
"$ la1 tie&' die()
PeK t.m t9a? %9( tie&' %ieKm ta c9: theK th7?c hie() )h7 IauB
= Vie&t 'h78)g tr.)h %781)g tha3)g d %i qua ta/m I cu*a "S$ 0a1 0u9/)g g9:c
08:i "$<
= H.m t9a? %9( gia9 %ieKm H cu*a d 0a1 "$<
H la1 tie&' %ieKm cu*a "S$ 08:i "$<
"$ caVt "S$ the9 m9(t %781)g tr91)
d I R ( ,( )) <
PeK xa:c %Q)h ta/m H 0a1 ba:) 45)h r cu*a %781)g tr91) gia9 tuye&) ta c9:
n tp tt nghip Trang -?
theK th7?c hie() )h7 IauB
= Vie&t 'h78)g tr.)h %781)g tha3)g d %i qua ta/m I cu*a "S$ 0a1 0u9/)g g9:c
08:i "$<
= H.m t9a? %9( gia9 %ieKm H cu*a d 0a1 "$<
H la1 ta/m cu*a %781)g tr91) gia9 tuye&) cu*a "S$ 08:i "$<
Ba:) 45)h r cu*a %781)g tr91) gia9 tuye&)B
2 2
r R IH
Bai 1" Xet v tr tng o ga mat phang (P) va mat cau (S):
a)
2 2 2
2 2 1 0
6 2 4 5 0
# x y z
S x y z x y z
( ):
( ):
+ +
'
+ + + +
b)
2 2 2
2 3 6 9 0
1 3 2 16
# x y z
S x y z
( ):
( ):( ) ( ) ( )
+
'
+ + +
c)
2 2 2
2 11 0
2 4 2 2 0
# x y z
S x y z x y z
( ):
( ):
+
'
+ + + +
d)
2 2 2
2 2 5 0
6 4 8 13 0
# x y z
S x y z x y z
( ):
( ):
+ +
'
+ + +
e)
# x y z
S x y z x y z
2 2 2
( ): 2 2 0
( ): 6 2 2 10 0
+ +
'
+ + + +
f)
# z
S x y z x y z
2 2 2
( ): 3 0
( ): 6 2 16 22 0

'
+ + + +
Bai 2" Vet phng trnh mat cau (S) co tam I va tep xuc v
mat phang (P) cho trc:
a)
3 5 2 2 3 1 0 I # x y z ( ; ; ), ( ): +
b)
1 4 7 6 6 7 42 0 I # x y z ( ; ; ), ( ): + +
c)
1 1 2 2 2 3 0 I # x y z ( ; ; ), ( ): + + +
d)
2 1 1 2 2 5 0 I # x y z ( ; ; ), ( ): + +
Bai 3" Vet phng trnh mat phang (P) tep xuc v mat cau (S)
cho trc:
a)
S x y z
2 2 2
( ):( 3) ( 1) ( 2) 24 + + +
ta
1 3 0 M( ; ; )
b)
S x y z x y z
2 2 2
( ): 6 2 4 5 0 + + + +
ta
4 3 0 M( ; ; )
c)
2 2 2
1 3 2 49 S x y z ( ):( ) ( ) ( ) + + +
ta
7 1 5 M( ; ; )
d)
2 2 2
2 2 2 22 0 S x y z x y z ( ): + +
va song song v mat phang
3 2 6 14 0 x y z + +
.
e)
2 2 2
6 4 2 11 0 S x y z x y z ( ): + + + +
va song song v mat phang 4 3 17 0 x z +
.
f)
2 2 2
2 4 4 0 S x y z x y z ( ): + + +
va song song v mat phang
2 2 5 0 x y z + + +
.
g)
2 2 2
2 6 2 8 0 S x y z x y z ( ): + + + + +
va cha ng thang
4 4 3 1 1 d x t y t z t : , , + + +
h) Tep xuc v mat cau ngoa tep t den ABCD ta A v A(6; -2;
3), B(0; 1; 6), C(2; 0; -1), D(4; 1; 0).
) Tep xuc v mat cau: 0 113 26 2 10
2 2 2
+ + + + P y x P y x va song song
v 2 ng thang:
1
5 1 13
2 3 2
x y z
d :
+ +

,
1
7 1 8
3 2 0
x y z
d :
+ +

.
Bai tap o;n: Shng t)nh (a0t phang
Bai 1" Cho t den ABCD.
Vet phng trnh cac mat cua t den.
Vet phng trnh mat phang cha mot canh va song song v
canh o den.
Vet phng trnh mat phang qua mot nh va song song v
mat o den.
Vet phng trnh mat phang qua canh AB va vuong goc v
(BCD).
Vet phng trnh mat phang trung trc cua cac canh t den.
Tm toa o cac em A, B, C, D an t a cac em o xng
n tp tt nghip Trang -1
v cac em A, B, C, D qua cac mat o den.
Tnh khoang cach t mot nh cua t den en mat o
den.
Vet phng trnh mat cau (S) ngoa tep t den ABCD. Xac nh
tam I va ban knh R cua (S).
Vet phng trnh cac tep den cua (S) ta cac nh A, B, C, D
cua t den.
Vet phng trnh cac tep den cua (S) song song v cac mat
cua t den.
a) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 5 1 3 1 6 2 5 0 4 4 0 6 A B C D ; ; , ; ; , ; ; , ; ; b) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 11 0 0 2 1 1 0 2 11 1 A B C D ; ; , ; ; , ; ; , ; ;
c) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 6 2 4 6 A B C D ; ; , ; ; , ; ; , ; ; d)
2 3 1 4 1 2 6 3 7 5 4 8 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
e)
5 7 2 3 1 1 9 4 4 1 5 0 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
f)
0 1 0 2 3 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 A B C D ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
Bai 2" Cho 2 mp(P), (O) an t cat 3 truc toa o ta em: A(1; 0; 0),
B(0; 2; 0), C(0; 0; -3) va E(-2; 0; 0), F(0; 1; 0), G(0; 0; 1).
a) Tm phng trnh tong quat cua (P) va (O).
b) Tnh o da ng cao cua hnh chop O.ABC.
c) Tnh goc ga ha mat phang (P), (O).
Bai 3" Cho bon em: A(1; 1; 1), B(3; 3; 1), C(3; 1; 3) va D(1; 3; 3).
a) Chng mnh ABCD a mot t den eu.
b) Tm phng trnh tong quat cua cac mat phang (ABC), (ABD),
(ACD), (BCD).
c) Tnh goc ga cac cap mat phang: (ABC) va (ABD), (BCD) va
(ACD).
1" Shng t)nh tha( Qo4 c'a ng thang
Shng t)nh tha( Qo4 cua ng thang d qua em
0 0 0 0
M x y z ( ; ; )
va co VTCP
1 2 3
a a a a ( ; ; )
r
:
1
2
3
9
9
9
x x at
d y y a t t R
z z a t
( ): ( )
+
+
'
Neu
1 2 3
0 aa a
th
0 0 0
1 2 3
x x y y z z
d
a a a
( ):

%gl &hng trnh $h)nh taM$ cu*a d<
2" ,6 t) tng o4i gi8a hai ng thang
Cho ha ng thang d, d co phng trnh tham so an t a:
0 1
0 2
0 3
x x ta
d y y ta
z z ta
:
+
+
'
va
0 1
0 2
0 3
x x ta
d y y ta
z z ta
:
+
+
'
d WW d
0 1 0 1
0 2 0 2
0 3 0 3
a a cu1)g 'h78)g
x ta x ta
he( y ta y ta aK)t t 09/)ghie(m
z ta z ta
,
( , )

+ +
'
+ +
'
+ +

r r

0 0 0 0
a a cu1)g 'h78)g
M x y z d
,
( ; ; )

'

r r

0 0
a a cu1)g 'h78)g
a M M 4h9/)gcu1)g 'h78)g
,
,

'
r r
uuuuuur
r
[ ]
0 0
0
0
a a
a M M
,
,

'
1

]
r
r r
uuuuuur
r
r
.," S$>?@% #CY@$ 5>?D@% #$E[@%
.," S$>?@% #CY@$ 5>?D@% #$E[@%
d d
0 1 0 1
0 2 0 2
0 3 0 3
x ta x ta
he( y ta y ta aK)t t c9:09/I9&)ghie(m
z ta z ta
( , )
+ +
+ +
'
+ +

0 0 0 0
a a cu1)g 'h78)g
M x y z d
,
( ; ; )

'

r r

0 0
a a M M %9/i m9(t cu1)g 'h78)g , ,
uuuuuur
r r
[ ]
0 0
0 a a a M M , ,
1

]
uuuuuur
r
r r r
d6 d caVt )hau he(
0 1 0 1
0 2 0 2
0 3 0 3
x ta x ta
y ta y ta
z ta z ta
+ +
+ +
'
+ +
"aK) t6 t$ c9: %u:)g m9(t )ghie(m

0 0
a a 4h9/)gcu1)g 'h78)g
a a M M %9M)g 'ha3)g
,
, ,

'

r r
uuuuuur
r r
[ ]
[ ]
0 0
0
0
a a
a a M M
,
, .

'

r
r r
uuuuuur
r r
d6 d che:9 )hau
0 1 0 1
0 2 0 2
0 3 0 3
a a 4h9/)gcu1)g 'h78)g
x ta x ta
he( y ta y ta aK)t t 09/)ghie(m
z ta z ta
,
( , )

+ +
'
+ +
'
+ +

r r

0 0
a a M M 4h9/)g%9M)g 'ha3)g , ,
uuuuuur
r r
[ ]
0 0
0 a a M M , .
uuuuuur
r r
d d a a
r r
0 aa .
r r
3" ,6 t) tng o4i gi8a (ot ng thang !a (ot (a0t phang
Cho mat phang ():
0 Ax By Cz D + + +
va ng thang d:
0 1
0 2
0 3
x x ta
y y ta
z z ta
+
+
'
Xet phng trnh:

0 1 0 2 0 3
0 A x ta B y ta C z ta D ( ) ( ) ( ) + + + + + +
(an t) (*)
d WW "$ "R$ 09/ )ghie(m
d caVt "$ "R$ c9: %u:)g m9(t )ghie(m
d "$ "R$ c9: 09/ I9& )ghie(m
4" ,6 t) tng o4i gi8a (ot ng thang !a (ot (a0t ca1'
Cho ng thang d:
0 1
0 2
0 3
x x ta
y y ta
z z ta
+
+
'
(1) va mat cau "S$:

2 2 2 2
x a y b z c R ( ) ( ) ( ) + +
(2)
Ne xet VTTN cua d va "S$ ta thay (1) vao (2), c mot phng trnh (*).
d 0a1 "S$ 4h9/)g c9: %ieKm chu)g "R$ 09/ )ghie(m d"I6 d$ + R
d tie&' xu:c 08:i "S$ "R$ c9: %u:)g m9(t )ghie(m d"I6 d$
! R
d caVt "S$ ta?i hai %ieKm 'ha/) bie(t "R$ c9: hai )ghie(m 'ha/) bie(t d"I6 d$
R
9" 3hoang cach t (ot ie&( e4n (ot ng thang "ch78)g tr.)h
)a/)g ca9$
Cho ng thang d qua M
-
va co VTCP a
r
va em M.
0
M M a
d M d
a
,
( , )
1
]
uuuuur
r
r
I" 3hoang cach gi8a hai ng thang cheo nha' "ch78)g tr.)h )a/)g
ca9$
Cho ha ng thang cheo nhau d
G
va d
>
.
d
G
qua em M
G
va co VTCP
1
a
r
, d
>
qua em M
>
va co VTCP
2
a
r
1 2 1 2
1 2
1 2
a a M M
d d d
a a
, .
( , )
,
1
]
1
]
uuuuuur
r r
r r
"hu# y#% ,h9a*)g ca:ch gi7La hai %781)g tha3)g che:9 )hau d
G
6 d
>
ba;)g
4h9a*)g ca:ch gi7La d
G
08:i ma2t 'ha3)g "$ ch7:a d
>
0a1 I9)g I9)g 08:i d
G
<
J" 3hoang cach gi8a (ot ng thang !a (ot (a0t phang Qong
Qong
,h9a*)g ca:ch gi7La %781)g tha3)g d 08:i ma2t 'ha3)g "$ I9)g I9)g 08:i )9:
ba;)g 4h9a*)g ca:ch t71 m9(t %ieKm M ba&t 4. tre/) d %e&) ma2t 'ha3)g "$<
K" %oc gi8a hai ng thang
Ch9 hai %781)g tha3)g d
G
6 d
>
laM) l78?t c9: ca:c VHC#
1 2
a a ,
r r
<
D9:c gi7La d
G
6 d
>
6aLng h9a2c 6u8 08:i g9:c gi7La
1 2
a a ,
r r
<
( )
1 2
1 2
1 2
a a
a a
a a
.
cos ,
.
r r
r r
r r
L" %oc gi8a (ot ng thang !a (ot (a0t phang
Ch9 %781)g tha3)g d c9: VHC#
1 2 3
a a a a ( ; ; )
r
0a1 ma2t 'ha3)g "$ c9: VH#H
) A B C ( ; ; )
r
<
D9:c gi7La %781)g tha3)g d 0a1 ma2t 'ha3)g "$ ba;)g g9:c gi7La %781)g
tha3)g d 08:i h.)h chie&u d cu*a )9: tre/) "$<
@
( )
1 2 3
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 2 3
Aa Ba Ca
d
A B C a a a
sn ,( )
.
+ +
+ + + +
,EB@ 5GH 1: _ap phng t)nh ng thang
0e: la3& &hng trnh 48ng tha5ng * ta $a1n =a#$
4>nh m3t %ieKm thu3$ * 7a8 m3t VHC# $ua n#.
Dang 1: * i X'a ie&(
0 0 0 0
M x y z ( ; ; )
!a co ,#=S
1 2 3
a a a a ( ; ; )
r
:
1
2
3
9
9
9
x x at
d y y a t t R
z z a t
( ): ( )
+
+
'
Dang 2: * i X'a hai ie&( 9@ B:

M3t (T"P $ua * la8
AB
uuur
.
0 0 0 0
M x y z ( ; ; )
!a Qong Qong !i ng
thang cho t)c:
( * NN nen (T"P $ua $ung la8 (T"P $ua *.
0 0 0 0
M x y z ( ; ; )
!a !'o;ng goc !i (a0t
phang \S) cho t)c:
( * (PD nen (TPT $ua (PD $ung la8 (T"P $ua *.
Dang 5: * â giao t'+e4n c'a hai (a0t phang \S)] \N):
"a#$h ,% Tm m3t 4!e:m 7a8 m3t (T"P.
; Tm ta+ 43 m3t 4!e:m 9 *% 6aLng $a#$h g!a!
he3 &hng trnh
#
X
( )
( )
'
(7#! 7!e3$ $h+n g!a# tr> $h m3t a:nD

; Tm m3t (T"P $ua *%
# X
a ) ) , 1
]
r r r
"a#$h -% Tm ha! 4!e:m 9@ B thu3$ *@ r1! 7!et &hng
trnh 48ng tha5ng 4! Oua ha! 4!e:m 4#.
0 0 0 0
M x y z ( ; ; )
!a !'o;ng goc !i hai
ng thang *
,
@ *
-
%
( * *
,
@ * *
-
nen m3t (T"P $ua * la8%
1 2
d d
a a a , 1
]
r r r
0 0 0 0
M x y z ( ; ; )
] !'o;ng goc !a caOt
ng thang .
"a#$h ,% .+! P la8 hnh $h!eu 7ung g#$ $ua M
E

tren 48ng tha5ng .
0
H
M H u

'
V
uuuuur
r
Hh! 4# 48ng tha5ng * la8 48ng tha5ng 4! Oua M
E
@
P.
"a#$h -% .+! (PD la8 ma?t &ha5ng 4! Oua 9 7a8 7ung
g#$ 7#! *F (QD la8 ma?t &ha5ng 4! Oua 9 7a8 $h#a *. Hh! 4# *
= (PD (QD
0 0 0 0
M x y z ( ; ; )
!a caOt hai ng thang
*
,
@ *
-
%
"a#$h ,% .+! M
,
*
,
@ M
-
*
-
. T8 4!e1u 2!e3n M@ M
,
@ M
-
tha5ng ha8ng ta tm 4+$ M
,
@ M
-
. T8 4# Kuy ra &hng trnh
48ng tha5ng *.
"a#$h -% .+! (PD =
0 1
M d ( , )
@ (QD =
0 2
M d ( , )
. Hh! 4# * = (PD
(QD. D 4#@ m3t (T"P $ua * $# the: $h+n la8
# X
a ) ) , 1
]
r r r
.
Dang 9: * na`( t)ong (a0t phang \S) !a caOt ca hai
ng thang *
,
@ *
-
%
Tm $a#$ g!a 4!e:m 9 = *
,
(PD@ B = *
-
(PD. Hh! 4# *
$h)nh la8 48ng tha5ng 9B.
Dang 10: * Qong Qong !i !a caOt ca hai ng thang
*
,
@ *
-
%
(!et &hng trnh ma?t &ha5ng (PD $h#a 7a8 *
,
@
ma?t &ha5ng (QD $h#a 7a8 *
-
.
Hh! 4# * = (PD (QD.
Dang 11: * â ng !'o;ng goc ch'ng c'a hai ng
thang *
,
@ *
-
cheo nha':
"a#$h ,% .+! M *
,
@ N *
-
. T8 4!e1u 2!e3n
1
2
MU d
MU d

'
@ ta
tm 4+$ M@ N.
Hh! 4#@ * la8 48ng tha5ng MN.
"a#$h -%
; ( * *
,
7a8 * *
-
nen m3t (T"P $ua * $#
the: la8%
1 2
d d
a a a , 1
]
r r r
.
; Ja3& &hng trnh ma?t &ha5ng (PD $h#a * 7a8 *
,
@
6aLng $a#$h%
+ Jay m3t 4!e:m 9 tren *
,
.
+ M3t (TPT $ua (PD $# the: la8%
1
# d
) a a , 1
]
r r r
.
; Tng t+ la3& &hng trnh ma?t &ha5ng (QD
n tp tt nghip Trang -%
$h#a * 7a8 *
-
.
Hh! 4# * = (PD (QD.
Dang 12: * â hnh chie4' c'a ng thang ê;n (a0t
phang \S):
Ja3& &hng trnh ma?t &ha5ng (QD $h#a 7a8
7ung g#$ 7#! ma?t &ha5ng (PD 6aLng $a#$h%
; Jay M .
; ( (QD $h#a 7a8 7ung g#$ 7#! (PD nen
X #
) a ) ,
1
]
r r r
.
Hh! 4# * = (PD (QD.
Dang 13: * i X'a ie&( /] !'o;ng goc !i *
,
!a caOt *
-
:
"a#$h ,% .+! N la8 g!a 4!e:m $ua * 7a8 *
-
. T8 4!e1u
2!e3n MN *
,
@ ta tm 4+$ N.
Hh! 4#@ * la8 48ng tha5ng MN.
"a#$h -%
; (!et &hng trnh ma?t &ha5ng (PD Oua M 7a8
7ung g#$ 7#! *
,
.
; (!et &hng trnh ma?t &ha5ng (QD $h#a M 7a8
*
-
.
Hh! 4# * = (PD (QD.
Bai 39" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang qua em M va
co VTCP a
r
cho trc:
a)
M a (1;2; 3), ( 1;3;5)
r
b)
M a (0; 2;5), (0;1;4)
r
c)
M a (1;3; 1), (1;2; 1)
r
d)
M a (3; 1; 3), (1; 2;0)
r
e)
M a (3; 2;5), ( 2;0;4)
r
f)
M a (4;3; 2), ( 3;0;0)
r
Bai 3I" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang qua ha em A,
B cho trc:
a) ( ) ( ) 2 3 1 1 2 4 A 6 B ; ; ; ; b) ( ) ( ) 1 1 0 0 1 2 A 6 B ; ; ; ; c) ( ) ( ) 3 1 5 2 1 1 A 6 B ; ; ; ;
d) ( ) ( ) 2 1 0 0 1 2 A 6 B ; ; ; ; e) ( ) ( ) 1 2 7 1 2 4 A 6 B ; ; ; ; f) ( ) ( ) 2 1 3 4 2 2 A 6 B ; ; ; ;
Bai 3J" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang qua em A va
song song v ng thang cho trc:
a) ( ) 3 2 4 A 6 Ox ; ; b) ( ) 2 5 3 5 3 2 2 1 2 A %i qua M U ; ; , ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
c)
2 3
2 5 3 3 4
5 2
x t
A y t
z t
( ; ; ), :

+
'
d)
2 5 2
4 2 2
4 2 3
x y z
A( ; ; ), :
+

e)
3 4
1 3 2 2 2
3 1
x t
A y t
z t
( ; ; ), :
+

'
f)
3 1 2
5 2 3
2 3 4
x y z
A( ; ; ), :
+ +

Bai 3K" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang qua em A va
vuong goc v mat phang (P) cho trc:
a) ( ) 2 4 3 2 3 6 19 0 A 6 "#$ x y z ; ; : + + b) ( ) 1 1 0 A 6 # ca:c m't9a? %9( ; ; ( ):
c) ( ) 3 2 1 2 5 4 0 A # x y ; ; , ( ): + d)
2 3 6 2 3 6 19 0 A # x y z ( ; ; ), ( ): + +
Bai 3L" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang a gao tuyen
cua ha mat phang (P), (O) cho trc:
a)
6 2 2 3 0
3 5 2 1 0
# x y z
X x y z
( ):
( ):
+ + +
'

b)
2 3 3 4 0
2 3 0
# x y z
X x y z
( ):
( ):
+
'
+ +
c)
3 3 4 7 0
6 2 6 0
# x y z
X x y z
( ):
( ):
+ +
'
+ +
n tp tt nghip Trang -&

d)
2 3 0
1 0
# x y z
X x y z
( ):
( ):
+ +
'
+ +
e)
1 0
2 0
# x z
X y
( ):
( ):
+
'

f)
2 1 0
1 0
# x y z
X x z
( ):
( ):
+ +
'
+

Bai 4M" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang qua em A va
vuong goc v ha ng thang d
G
6 d
>
cho trc:
a)
1 2
1 2 1
1 0 5 3 2 2
1 1 3
x t x t
A d y t d y t
z t z t
( ; ; ), : , :
+

+
' '

+

b)
1 2
1 1 3
2 1 1 2 2
3 3
x t x t
A d y t d y t
z z t
( ; ; ), : , :
+ +

+ +
' '

+

c)
1 2
1 1
1 2 3 2 2 2
3 3 3
x t x
A d y t d y t
z t z t
( ; ; ), : , :

+
' '

+

d)
1 2
7 3 1
4 1 4 4 2 9 2
4 3 12
x t x t
A d y t d y t
z t z t
( ; ; ), : , :
+ +

+
' '

+

e)
1 2
1 3 2
2 1 3 1 3 4
2 2 2
x t x t
A d y t d y t
z t z t
( ; ; ), : , :
+

+ +
' '

+

f)
1 2
3 1 4 1 1 2
2 0
x t x t
A d y t d y t
z t z
( ; ; ), : , :

' '

Bai 41" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang qua em A,
vuong goc va cat ng thang cho trc:
a) 1 2 2 1
2
x t
A y t
z t
( ; ; ), :

'
b)
3 2
4 2 4 1
1 4
x t
A d y t
z t
( ; ; ), :
+

'
c)
1 3
2 1 3 1
2 2
x t
A y t
z t
( ; ; ), :
+
+
'
d) 3 1 4 1
2
x t
A y t
z t
( ; ; ), :

'
e)
1
1 2 3 2 2
3 3
x t
A y t
z t
( ; ; ), :

'
f)
1
2 1 1 2
3
x t
A y t
z
( ; ; ), :
+
+
'
Bai 42" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang qua em A va

cat ca ha ng thang d
G
6 d
>
cho trc:
a)
1 2
1 2 1
1 0 5 3 2 2
1 1 3
x t x t
A d y t d y t
z t z t
( ; ; ), : , :
+

+
' '

+

b)
1 2
1 1 3
2 1 1 2 2
3 3
x t x t
A d y t d y t
z z t
( ; ; ), : , :
+ +

+ +
' '

+

c)
1 2
1 3 2 2
4 5 3 3 2 1 3
2 1 5
x t x t
A d y t d y t
z t z t
( ; ; ), : , :
+ +

+
' '

d)
1 2
1 3
2 1 1 2 4
3 5 2
x t x t
A d y t d y t
z t z t
( ; ; ), : , :
+

+
' '

+

e)
1 2
2 4 3
2 3 1 1 2 1
1 3 2 3
x t x t
A d y t d y t
z t z t
( ; ; ), : , :
+ +

+
' '

+ +

f)
1 2
3 3 3 2
3 2 5 1 4 1
2 2 2 3
x t x t
A d y t d y t
z t z t
( ; ; ), : , :
+ +

+
' '

+

Bai 43" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang nam trong mat
phang "#$ va cat ca ha ng thang d
G
6 d
>
cho trc:
a)
1 2
2 0
2
1
4 2
1 1 4
1
# y z
x t
x y z
d d y t
z
( ):
: , :
+

'
+
'
b)
1 2
6 2 2 3 0
1 2 1
3 2 2
1 1 3
# x y z
x t x t
d y t d y t
z t z t
( ):
: , :
+ + +
+

'
+
' '
c)
1 2
2 3 3 4 0
7 3 1
4 2 9 2
4 3 12
# x y z
x t x t
d y t d y t
z t z t
( ):
: , :
+
+ +

'
+
' '
d)
1 2
3 3 4 7 0
1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
# x y z
x t x
d y t d y t
z t z t
( ):
: , :
+ +

'
+
' '
Bai 44" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang song song v
ng thang va cat ca ha ng thang d
G
6 d
>
cho trc:
n tp tt nghip Trang --
a)
1
2
1 1
2 1 2
1 1
1 2 1
2 1 3
3 2 1
x y z
x y z
d
x y z
d
:
:
:
+
'
+ +
b)
1
2
1 5
3 1 1
1 2 2
1 4 3
4 7
5 9 1
x y z
x y z
d
x y z
d
:
:
:
+
'
+ +
c)
1
2
1 2 2
:
1 4 3
1 2 2
:
1 4 3
4 7
:
5 9 1
+
+

'
+ +

x y P
x y P
d
x y P
d
d)
1
2
1 3 2
3 2 1
2 2 1
3 4 1
7 3 9
1 2 1
x y z
x y z
d
x y z
d
:
:
:
+ +

+
'

Bai 49" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang vuong goc chung
cua ha ng thang cheo nhau d
G
6 d
>
cho trc:
a)
1 2
3 2 2 3
1 4 4
2 4 1 2
x t x t
d y t d y t
z t z t
: , :
+

+
' '

+

b)
1 2
1 2 2 3
3 1 2
2 3 4 4
x t x t
d y t d y t
z t z t
: , :
+ +

+ +
' '

+ +

c)
1 2
2 2 1
1 3
3 1 2
x t x t
d y t d y t
z t z t
: , :
+ +

+ +
' '

+

d)
1 2
2 3 1 2
3 1 2
1 2 2
x t x t
d y t d y t
z t z t
: , :
+ +

' '

+ +

Bai 4I" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang d a hnh cheu
cua ng thang tren mat phang (P) cho trc:
a)
2 3 1
2 1 3
2 2 3 0
x y z
# x y z
:
( ):

'

+ +
b)
3 2 2
1 2 3
3 4 2 3 0
x y z
# x y z
:
( ):

'

+ +
c)
1 1 3
1 2 2
2 2 3 0
x y z
# x y z
:
( ):

'

d)
1
2 1 1
1 0
x y z
# x y z
:
( ):

'

+ +
e)
2 2 1
3 4 1
2 3 4 0
x y z
# x y z
:
( ):

'
+ + +
f)
1 2
1 2 1
2 3 5 0
x y z
# x y z
:
( ):

'

g)
5 4 2 5 0
2 2 0
2 1 0
x y z
x z
# x y z
:
( ):
'
+
'

h)
1 0
2 2 0
2 1 0
x y z
x z
# x y z
:
( ):
'
+
'

Bai 4J" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang qua em A,

vuong goc v ng thang d
G
va cat ng thang d
>
cho trc:
a)
1 2
1
1 2
0 1 1
3 1 1
1
x
x y z
A d d y t
z t
( ; ; ), : , :

'

b)
1 2
2
1 1
1 11 1 2
2 1 1
1
x
x y z
A d d y t
z t
( ; ; ), : , :

+
+
'
c)
1 2
1 4 1 1 3
1 2 3
6 2 3 3 2 5
x y z x y z
A d d ( ; ; ), : , :
+ +

Bai 4K" Cho t den ABCD co A(1; 0; 0), B(0; 1; 0), C(0; 0; 1); D(1; 1; 1).
Vet phng trnh tham so cua cac ng thang sau:
a) Cha cac canh cua t den t den ABCD.
b) Nng thang qua C va vuong goc v mp(ABD).
c) Nng thang qua A va qua trong tam cua tam gac BCD.
Bai 4L" Cho tam gac ABC co A(1; 2; 5) va ha trung tuyen:
1
3
2
6
2
3
: ) (
1

P y x
d
,
1
2
4
2
1
4
: ) (
2

P y x
d
. Vet phng trnh tham so cua
cac ng thang sau:
a) Cha cac canh cua tam gac ABC.
b) Nng phan gac trong cua goc A.
Bai 9M" Cho tam gac ABC co
3 1 1 1 2 7 5 14 3 A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
. Vet phng trnh
tham so cua cac ng thang sau:
a) Trung tuyen AM. b) Nng cao BH.
c) Nng phan gac trong BK. d) Nng trung trc cua BC trong
ABC.
Bai 91" Cho bon em
1 2 1 3 4 1 1 4 1 3 2 1 S A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
.
a) Chng mnh S.ABC a mot hnh chop.
b) Vet phng trnh tham so cua cac ng thang cha cac canh
cua hnh chop.
c) Vet phng trnh ng vuong goc chung cua SA va BC.
Bai 92" Cho bon em
1 2 3 2 2 3 1 1 3 1 2 5 S A B C ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; ), ( ; ; )
.
a) Chng mnh S.ABC a mot t den.
b) Vet phng trnh cac hnh cheu cua SA, SB tren mat phang
(ABC).
,EB@ 5GH 2: ,6 t) tng o4i gi8a hai ng thang
0e: =e#t (TT0 g!a ha! 48ng tha5ng@ ta $# the: K
*u+ng m3t trng $a#$ &hng &ha#& Kau%
Phng &ha#& hnh h+$% D+a 7a8 m! Ouan he3
g!a $a#$ (T"P 7a8 $a#$ 4!e:m thu3$ $a#$ 48ng tha5ng.
Phng &ha#& 4a+! K% D+a 7a8 K ngh!e3m $ua
he3 &hng trnh $a#$ 48ng tha5ng.
Bai 93" Xet v tr tng o ga ha ng thang d
G
6 d
>
cho trc:
a) {
1 2
1 2 4
1 2 3
2 1 3
x y z
d d x t y t z t : ; : ; ;
+
+ +
b) { {
1 2
5 2 1 5 3 2 3 1 d x t y t z t d x t y t z t : ; ; ; : '; '; ' + +
c)
{ {
1 2
2 2 1 1 1 1 3 d x t y t z d x y t z t : ; ; ; : ; ; + + +
d)
1 2
1 2 3 7 6 5
9 6 3 6 4 2
x y z x y z
d d : ; :

e)
1 2
1 5 3 6 1 3
2 1 4 3 2 1
x y z x y z
d d : ; :
+ + +

f)
1 2
2 1 7 2
4 6 8 6 9 12
x y z x y z
d d : ; :
+

g)
1 2
2 2 2 0 2 2 0
2 2 4 0 2 1 0
x y z x y z
d d
x y z x y z
: ; :
+ + +
' '
+ + +

h)
{
1 2
2 3 3 9 0
9 5 3
2 3 0
x y z
d x t y t z t d
x y z
: ; ; ; :

'
+ +
Bai 94" Chng to rang cac cap ng thang sau ay cheo nhau.
Vet phng trnh ng vuong goc chung cua chung:
a) { {
1 2
1 2 3 2 3 2 1 3 2 d x t y t z t d x t y t z t : ; ; ; : '; '; ' + +
b) { {
1 2
1 2 2 2 2 5 3 4 d x t y t z t d x t y t z : ; ; ; : '; '; +
c) { {
1 2
3 2 1 4 4 2 2 3 4 1 2 d x t y t z t d x t y t z t : ; ; ; : '; '; ' + +
d)
1 2
2 1 1 1
3 2 2 1 2 4
x y z x y z
d d : ; :
+ +

e)
1 2
7 3 9 3 1 1
1 2 1 7 2 3
x y z x y z
d d : ; :

f)
1 2
2 1 3 3 1 1
2 1 2 2 2 1
x y z x y z
d d : ; :
+

g)
1 2
2 2 2 0 2 2 0
2 2 4 0 2 1 0
x y z x y z
d d
x y z x y z
: ; :
+ + +
' '
+ + +

Bai 99" Tm gao em cua ha ng thang d
G
0a1 d
>
:
a) { {
1 2
3 1 2 3 1 2 4 d x t y t z t d x t y t z t : ; ; ; : '; '; ' + + +
b)
{
1 2
3 0
1 2 3
2 1 0
x y z
d d x t y t z t
x y
: ; : ; ;
+ + +
+ +
'
+
c)
1 2
2 4 0 2 0
2 6 0 2 7 0
x y z x z
d d
x y z y z
: ; :

' '
+ + + + +

d)
1 2
2 1 0 3 3 0
1 0 2 1 0
x y x y z
d d
x y z x y
: ; :
+ + + +
' '
+ +

Bai 9I" Tm m e ha ng thang d
G
0a1 d
>
cat nhau. Kh o tm toa
o gao em cua chung:
a) { {
1 2
1 1 2 1 2 2 3 d x mt y t z t d x t y t z t : ; ; ; : '; '; ' + + +
b) {
{
1 2
1 3 2 2 1 2 3 d x t y t z m t d x t y t z t : ; ; ; : '; '; ' + + + +
c)
1 2
2 4 0 2 3 0
3 0 2 6 0
x y z x y mz
d d
x y x y z
: ; :
+ + +
' '
+ + +

,EB@ 5GH 3: ,6 t) tng o4i gi8a ng thang !a (a0t phang
0e: =e#t (TT0 g!a 48ng tha5ng 7a8 ma?t &ha5ng@ ta $#
the: K *u+ng m3t trng $a#$ &hng &ha#& Kau%
Phng &ha#& hnh h+$% D+a 7a8 m! Ouan he3
g!a (T"P $ua 48ng tha5ng 7a8 (TPT $ua ma?t &ha5ng.
he3 &hng trnh 48ng tha5ng 7a8 ma?t &ha5ng.
Bai 1" Xet v tr tng o ga ng thang d 0a1 mat phang "#$.
Tm gao em (neu co) cua chung:
a) { 2 1 3 10 0 d x t y t z t # x y z : ; ; ; ( ): + + +
b) { 3 2 1 4 4 5 4 3 6 5 0 d x t y t z t # x y z : ; ; ; ( ):
c)
12 9 1
3 5 2 0
4 3 1
x y z
d # x y z : ; ( ):

+
d)
11 3
3 3 2 5 0
2 4 3
x y z
d # x y z : ; ( ):
+
+
e)
13 1 4
2 4 1 0
8 2 3
x y z
d # x y z : ; ( ):

+ +
f)
3 5 7 16 0
5 4 0
2 6 0
x y z
d # x z
x y z
: ; ( ):
+ + +

'
+
g)
2 3 6 10 0
4 17 0
5 0
x y z
d # y z
x y z
: ; ( ):
+ +
+ +
'
+ + +
Bai 2" Cho ng thang d 0a1 mat phang "#$. Tm m6 ) e:

) d cat "#$< ) d // "#$. ) d "#$< v) d "#$<
a)
1 2 3
3 2 5 0
2 1 2
x y z
d # x y z
m m
: ; ( ):
+ +
+
b)
1 3 1
3 2 5 0
2 2
x y z
d # x y z
m m
: ; ( ):
+
+ +
c)
3 2 3 0
2 3 2 0
4 3 4 2 0
x y z
d # x y m z
x y z
: ; ( ): ( )
+ +
+ +
'
+ +
d) { 3 4 1 4 3 1 2 4 9 0 d x t y t z t # m x y z ) : ; ; ; ( ):( ) + + + +
e) { 3 2 5 3 2 2 2 3 3 5 0 d x t y t z t # m x ) y z : ; ; ; ( ):( ) ( ) + + + + +
Bai 3" Cho ng thang d 0a1 mat phang "#$. Tm m6 ) e:
a) { 2 3 d x m t y t z t : ; ; + c~t
2 5 0 # x y z ( ): +
ta em co tung o bang 3.
b)
2 3 0
2 5 0
x y
d
y z
:

'
+ +
cat
2 2 2 0 # x y z m ( ): + +
ta em co cao o bang -1.
c)
2 3 0
3 2 7 0
x y
d
x z
:
+
'

c~t
0 # x y z m ( ): + + +

,EB@ 5GH 4: ,6 t) tng o4i gi8a ng thang !a (a0t ca1'
0e: =e#t (TT0 g!a 48ng tha5ng 7a8 ma?t $a1u ta $#
the: K *u+ng $a#$ &hng &ha#& Kau%
Phng &ha#& hnh h+$% D+a 7a8 2hang $a#$h t8
tam ma?t $a1u 4en 48ng tha5ng 7a8 6a#n 2)nh.
he3 &hng trnh 48ng tha5ng 7a8 ma?t $a1u.
Bai 1" Xet v tr tng o ga ng thang d 0a1 mat cau "S$. Tm
gao em (neu co) cua chung:
a)
2 2 2
1 2
2 4 1 0
2 1 1
x y z
d S x y z x z : ; ( ):

+ + + +
b)
2 2 2 2 1 0
1 2 16
2 3 0
x y z
d S x y z
x z
: ; ( ):( ) ( )
+
+ +
'

c)
2 2 2 2 1 0
2 2 14 0
2 0
x y z
d S x y z x y
x y
: ; ( ):

+ + +
'
+ +
d)
2 2 2 2 1 0
4 2 10 8 0
2 0
x y z
d S x y z x y z
x y
: ; ( ):

+ + +
'
+ +
e) {
2 2 2
2 3 2 4 2 2 0 d x t y t z t S x y z x y z : ; ; ; ( ): + + +
f) {
2 2 2
1 2 2 3 2 4 6 2 0 d x t y t z t S x y z x y z : ; ; ; ( ): + + + + +
g) {
2 2 2
1 2 4 2 4 6 2 0 d x t y t z S x y z x y z : ; ; ; ( ): + + +
Bai 2" Vet phng trnh mat cau "S$ co tam I va tep xuc v
ng thang d:
a) { 1 2 1 1 4 3 2 4 2 I d x t y t z t ( ; ; ); : ; ; +
b) { 1 2 1 1 2 2 I d x t y z t ( ; ; ); : ; ;
c)
2 1 1
4 2 1
2 1 2
x y z
I d ( ; ; ); :
+

d)
1 2
1 2 1
2 1 3
x y z
I d ( ; ; ); :

e)
2 1 0
1 2 1
1 0
x y
I d
z
( ; ; ); :

'

Bai 3" Cho t den ABCD. Vet phng trnh mat cau tep xuc v
cac canh cua t den, v:
a) A(1; 1; 1), B(3; 3; 1), C(3; 1; 3), D(1; 3; 3).
b) A(1; 0; 2), B(2; -1; 1), C(0; 2; 1), D(-1; 3; 0).
c) A(3; 2; 1), B(1; -2; 1), C(-2; 2; -2), D(1; 1; -1).
d) A(1; 0; 11), B(0; 1; 10), C(1; 1; 8), D(-3; 1; 2).
,EB@ 5GH 9: 3hoang cach
,. Hhang $a#$h t8 4!e:m M 4en 48ng tha5ng *
Ca:ch GB Ch9 %781)g tha3)g d %i qua M
-
0a1 c9: VHC# a
r
<
0
M M a
d M d
a
,
( , )
1
]
uuuuur
r
r
Ca:ch >B = H.m h.)h chie&u 0u9/)g g9:c H cu*a M tre/) %781)g tha3)g d<
= d"M6d$ ! MH<
Ca:ch CB = D9?i U"xF yF z$ d< H5)h MU
>
the9 t "t tham I9& tr9)g 'h78)g tr.)h
%781)g tha3)g d$<
= H.m t %eK MU
>
)h9* )ha&t<
= ,hi %9: U H< D9 %9: d"M6d$ ! MH<
-. Hhang $a#$h g!a ha! 48ng tha5ng $he# nhau
Ch9 hai %781)g tha3)g che:9 )hau d
G
0a1 d
>
<
d
G
%i qua %ieKm M
G
0a1 c9: VHC#
1
a
r
6 d
>
%i qua %ieKm M
>
0a1 c9: VHC#
2
a
r
1 2 1 2
1 2
1 2
a a M M
d d d
a a
, .
( , )
,
1
]
1
]
uuuuuur
r r
r r
"hu# y#% ,h9a*)g ca:ch gi7La hai %781)g tha3)g che:9 )hau d
G
6 d
>
ba;)g
4h9a*)g ca:ch gi7La d
G
08:i ma2t 'ha3)g "$ ch7:a d
>
0a1 I9)g I9)g 08:i d
G
<
/. Hhang $a#$h g!a ha! 48ng tha5ng Kng Kng ba;)g 4h9a*)g ca:ch
t71 m9(t %ieKm thu9(c %781)g tha3)g )a1y %e&) %781)g tha3)g 4ia<
R. Hhang $a#$h g!a m3t 48ng tha5ng 7a8 m3t ma?t &ha5ng Kng
Kng
Hhang $a#$h g!a 48ng tha5ng * 7#! ma?t &ha5ng
(D Kng Kng 7#! n# 6aLng 2hang $a#$h t8 m3t 4!e:m M
6at 2 tren * 4en ma?t &ha5ng (D.
Bai 1" Tnh khoang cach t em A en ng thang d:
a)
1 4
2 3 1 2 2
4 1
x t
A d y t
z t
( ; ; ), :

+
'
b)
2 2
1 2 6 1
3
x t
A d y t
z t
( ; ; ), :
+

'
c)
2 1
1 0 0
1 2 1
x y z
A d ( ; ; ), :

d)
2 1 1
2 3 1
1 2 2
x y z
A d ( ; ; ), :
+ +

e)
2 1 1
1 1 1
1 2 2
x y z
A d ( ; ; ), :
+ +

f)
2 1 0
2 3 1
3 2 2 0
x y z
A d
x y z
( ; ; ), :
+
'
+ + +
Bai 2" Chng mnh ha ng thang d

G
6 d
>
cheo nhau. Tnh khoang
cach ga chung:
a) { {
1 2
1 2 3 2 3 2 1 3 2 d x t y t z t d x t y t z t : ; ; ; : '; '; ' + +
b) { {
1 2
1 2 2 2 2 5 3 4 d x t y t z t d x t y t z : ; ; ; : '; '; +
c) { {
1 2
3 2 1 4 4 2 2 3 4 1 2 d x t y t z t d x t y t z t : ; ; ; : '; '; ' + +
d)
1 2
2 1 1 1
3 2 2 1 2 4
x y z x y z
d d : ; :
+ +

e)
1 2
7 3 9 3 1 1
1 2 1 7 2 3
x y z x y z
d d : ; :

f)
1 2
2 1 3 3 1 1
2 1 2 2 2 1
x y z x y z
d d : ; :
+

g)
1 2
2 2 2 0 2 2 0
2 2 4 0 2 1 0
x y z x y z
d d
x y z x y z
: ; :
+ + +
' '
+ + +

Bai 3" Chng mnh ha ng thang d
G
6 d
>
song song v nhau. Tnh
khoang cach ga chung:
a)
{ {
1 2
3 2 4 3 2 4 4 5 6 3 2 d x t y t z t d x t y t z t : , , ; : , , + + + + + +
b)
1 2
1 2 3 2 3 1
2 6 8 3 9 12
x y z x y z
d d : ; :
+ + +

c)
1 1
3 1 2 1 5 1
2 1 3 4 2 6
x y z x y z
d d : ; :
+ + +

d)
1 2
7 5 9
2 2 10 0
22 0
3 1 4
x y z
x y z
d d
x y z
: ; :
+
+

'

Bai 4" Chng mnh ng thang d song song v mat phang (P). Tnh
khoang cach ga chung:
a) { 3 2 1 4 4 5 4 3 6 5 0 d x t y t z t # x y z : ; ; ; ( ):
b) { 1 2 2 2 8 0 d x t y t z t # x z : ; ; ; ( ): + + +
c)
2 1 0
2 2 4 5 0
2 3 0
x y z
d # x y z
x y z
: ; ( ):
+ +
+ +
'
+
d)
3 2 3 0
2 2 2 0
4 3 4 2 0
x y z
d # x y z
x y z
: ; ( ):
+ +

'
+ +
,EB@ 5GH I: /ot Qo4 !a4n e1 <hac

,. (!et &hng trnh ma?t &ha5ng
Da+ng ,% Ma2t 'ha3)g "#$ %i qua %ieKm A 0a1 %781)g tha3)g dB
= Hre/) %781)g tha3)g d la&y hai %ieKm B6 C<
= M9(t VH#H cu*a "#$ la1B
) AB AC ,
1
]
uuur uuur
r
<
Da+ng -% Ma2t 'ha3)g "#$ ch7:a hai %781)g tha3)g I9)g I9)g d
G
6 d
>
B
= Xa:c %Q)h VHC# a
r
cu*a d
G
"h9a2c d
>
$<
= Hre/) d
G
la&y %ieKm A6 tre/) d
>
la&y %ieKm B< Suy ra A6 B "#$<
= M9(t VH#H cu*a "#$ la1B
) a AB ,
1
]
uuur
r r
<
Da+ng /% Ma2t 'ha3)g "#$ ch7:a hai %781)g tha3)g caVt )hau d
G
6 d
>
B
= Za&y %ieKm A d
G
"h9a2c A d
>
$ A "#$<
= Xa:c %Q)h VHC# a
r
cu*a d
G
6
b
r
cu*a d
>
<
= M9(t VH#H cu*a "#$ la1B [ ] ) a b ,
r
r r
<
Da?)g SB Ma?t &ha5ng (PD $h#a 48ng tha5ng *
,
7a8
Kng Kng 7#! 48ng tha5ng *
-
(*
,
@ *
-
$he# nhauD%
; Ia#$ 4>nh $a#$ (T"P a b ,
r
r
*
,
@ *
-
.
; M3t (TPT $ua (PD la8% [ ] ) a b ,
r
r r
.
,
M (PD.
Da?)g [B Ma?t &ha5ng (PD 4! Oua 4!e:m M 7a8 Kng Kng
7#! ha! 48ng tha5ng $he# nhau *
,
@ *
-
%
; Ia#$ 4>nh $a#$ (T"P a b ,
r
r
*
,
@ *
-
.
; M9(t VH#H cu*a "#$ la1B [ ] ) a b ,
r
r r
.
-. Ia#$ 4>nh hnh $h!eu P $ua m3t 4!e:m M len 48ng tha5ng *
Ca:ch GB = Vie&t 'h78)g tr.)h ma2t 'ha3)g "#$ qua M 0a1 0u9/)g g9:c 08:i d<
= ,hi %9:B H ! d "#$
Ca:ch >B PieKm H %78?c xa:c %Q)h b8*iB
d
H d
MH a

'
uuuur
r
/. 0!e:m 4! =#ng MS $ua m3t 4!e:m M Oua 48ng tha5ng *
Ca:ch GB = H.m %ieKm H la1 h.)h chie&u cu*a M tre/) d<
= Xa:c %Q)h %ieKm M Ia9 ch9 H la1 tru)g %ieKm cu*a %9a?) MM<
Ca:ch >B = D9?i H la1 tru)g %ieKm cu*a %9a?) MM< H5)h t9a? %9( %ieKm H the9
t9a? %9( cu*a M6 M<
= ,hi %9: t9a? %9( cu*a %ieKm M %78?c xa:c %Q)h b8*iB
d
MM a
H d
'

'
uuuuur
r
<
R. I$ T4nh hnh $h!eu P $ua m3t 4!e:m M len ma?t &ha5ng (PD
Ca:ch GB = Vie&t 'h78)g tr.)h %781)g tha3)g d qua M 0a1 0u9/)g g9:c 08:i
"#$<
= ,hi %9:B H ! d "#$
Ca:ch >B PieKm H %78?c xa:c %Q)h b8*iB
#
H #
MH ) cu1)g'h78)g
( )
,

'
uuuur
r
U. 0!e:m 4! =#ng MS $ua m3t 4!e:m M Oua ma?t &ha5ng (PD
Ca:ch GB = H.m %ieKm H la1 h.)h chie&u cu*a M tre/) "#$<
= Xa:c %Q)h %ieKm M Ia9 ch9 H la1 tru)g %ieKm cu*a %9a?) MM<
Ca:ch >B = D9?i H la1 tru)g %ieKm cu*a %9a?) MM< H5)h t9a? %9( %ieKm H the9
t9a? %9( cu*a M6 M<
= ,hi %9: t9a? %9( cu*a %ieKm M %78?c xa:c %Q)h b8*iB
#
H #
MH ) cu1)g'h78)g
( )
,

'
uuuur
r
<
Bai 1" Vet phng trnh cua mat phang "#$ qua em A va ng
thang d:
a)
4 2
2 3 1 2 3
3
x t
A d y t
z t
( ; ; ), :
+

'
b)
2
1 4 3 1 2
1 3
x t
A d y t
z t
( ; ; ), :

+
'
c)
1 2 5
4 2 3
3 4 2
x y z
A d ( ; ; ), :
+
d)
3 2 1
2 1 5
2 1 3
x y z
A d ( ; ; ), :
+ +

e)
2 1 0
2 1 4
2 2 5 0
x y z
A d
x y z
( ; ; ), :
+
'
+ + +
f)
3 2 1 0
3 2 4
2 3 0
x y z
A d
x y z
( ; ; ), :
+ +
'
+
Bai 2" Vet phng trnh cua mat phang "#$ qua ha ng thang
song song d
G
6 d
>
B
a) {
1 2
2 1 3
2 3 4 2 1
3 2 1
x y z
d x t y t z t d : ; ; ; :
+ +
+ +
b)
1 2
1 3 2 2 1 4
2 3 4 2 3 4
x y z x y z
d d : , :
+ +

c)
1 2
1 2 3 2 3 1
2 6 8 3 9 12
x y z x y z
d d : ; :
+ + +

d)
1 2
3 1 2 1 5 1
2 1 3 4 2 6
x y z x y z
d d : ; :
+ + +

Bai 3" Vet phng trnh cua mat phang "#$ qua ha ng thang
cat nhau d
G
6 d
>
B
a) { {
1 2
3 1 2 3 1 2 4 d x t y t z t d x t y t z t : ; ; ; : '; '; ' + + +
b)
{
1 2
3 0
1 2 3
2 1 0
x y z
d d x t y t z t
x y
: ; : ; ;
+ + +
+ +
'
+
c)
1 2
2 4 0 2 0
2 6 0 2 7 0
x y z x z
d d
x y z y z
: ; :

' '
+ + + + +

d)
1 2
2 1 0 3 3 0
1 0 2 1 0
x y x y z
d d
x y z x y
: ; :
+ + + +
' '
+ +

Bai 4" Cho ha ng thang cheo nhau d
G
6 d
>
. Vet phng trnh mat
phang (P) cha d
G
va song song v d
>
:
a) { {
1 2
1 2 3 2 3 2 1 3 2 d x t y t z t d x t y t z t : ; ; ; : '; '; ' + +
b) { {
1 2
1 2 2 2 2 5 3 4 d x t y t z t d x t y t z : ; ; ; : '; '; +
c) { {
1 2
3 2 1 4 4 2 2 3 4 1 2 d x t y t z t d x t y t z t : ; ; ; : '; '; ' + +
d)
1 2
2 1 1 1
3 2 2 1 2 4
x y z x y z
d d : ; :
+ +

e)
1 2
7 3 9 3 1 1
1 2 1 7 2 3
x y z x y z
d d : ; :

f)
1 2
2 1 3 3 1 1
2 1 2 2 2 1
x y z x y z
d d : ; :
+

g)
1 2
2 2 2 0 2 2 0
2 2 4 0 2 1 0
x y z x y z
d d
x y z x y z
: ; :
+ + +
' '
+ + +

Bai 9" Tm toa o hnh cheu H cua em M tren ng thang d va
em M o xng v M qua ng thang d:
a)
2 2
1 2 6 1
3
x t
M d y t
z t
( ; ; ), :
+

'
b)
1 4
2 3 1 2 2
4 1
x t
M d y t
z t
( ; ; ), :

+
'
c)
2
2 1 3 1
1 2
x t
M d y t
z t
( ; ; ), :

'
d)
2
1 2 1 1 2
3
x t
M d y t
z t
( ; ; ), :

+
'
e)
1 2 2
1 2 1
2 1 2
x y z
M d ( ; ; ), :
+
f)
1 2 3
2 5 2
2 2 1
x y z
M d ( ; ; ), :
+ +

g)
2 0
2 1 3
2 5 0
x y z
M d
x y z
( ; ; ), :

'
+
h)
4 0
2 1 3
2 2 0
y z
M d
x y z
( ; ; ), :
+
'
+
Bai I" Tm toa o hnh cheu H cua em M tren mat phang "#$ va
em M o xng v M qua mat phang "#$:
a)
2 2 6 0 2 3 5 # x y z M ( ): , ( ; ; ) +
b)
5 14 0 1 4 2 # x y z M ( ): , ( ; ; ) + +
c)
6 2 3 12 0 3 1 2 # x y z M ( ): , ( ; ; ) + +
d)
2 4 4 3 0 2 3 4 # x y z M ( ): , ( ; ; ) + +
e)
4 0 2 1 1 # x y z M ( ): , ( ; ; ) +
f)
3 2 0 1 2 4 # x y z M ( ): , ( ; ; ) +
BED. #EVS AW@ S$>?@% #CY@$ 5>?D@% #$E[@%
Bai 1" Tm tren truc Ox em M cach eu ng thang :
2
2
2 1
1 +

P y x
va mat phang
2 2 0 x y z ( ):
.
Bai 2" Cho 2 em A(1; 0; 0) va B(0; 2; 0). Vet phng trnh cua mp
) (
qua AB va tao v mp(Oxy) mot goc 60
0
.
Bai 3" Vet phng trnh cua ng thang (d) qua A(3; -1; 1) nam
trong mp
) (
: x - y + z - 5 = 0 va hp v ng thang :
2 2
2
1
P y x
mot goc
0
45 .
Bai 4" Go
) (
a mat phang qua A(2; 0; 1) va B(-2; 0; 5) va hp v
mp(Oxz) mot goc 45
0
. Tnh khoang cach t O en mp
) (
.
Bai 9" Chng mnh rang 2 ng thang
1
:
4
5
3
2
2
1
P y x
va
2
'

+
+
$ P
$ y
$ x
3 1
2 2
3 7
cung nam trong mot mat phang. Vet phng trnh mat
phang ay.
Bai I" Cho ha em A(1; 2; -1), B(7; -2; 3) va ng thang
1 2 2
3 2 2
x y z
d:
+

a) Chng mnh rang ng thang d va ng thang AB cung

thuoc mot mat phang.
b) Tm em I thuoc d sao cho IA + IB nho nhat.
Bai J" Trong khong gan Oxyz cho 4 em A(1; 2; 3), B(-2; 1; 0), C(-1; 0;
2), D(0; 2; 3).
1) Chng mnh ABCD a mot t den. Tnh the tch t den o.
2) Tm em M sao cho :
2 2 3 0 MA MB MC MD + +
uuur uuur uuur uuuur
r
.
3) Xac nh toa o trong tam t den ABCD.
4) Vet phng trnh mat phang trung trc cua cac oan thang AB,
AC, BC.
5) Vet phng trnh mat phang qua A va vuong goc v truc Oz.
6) Vet phng trnh mat phang qua A va B va vuong goc v
mat phang
2 3 0 x y z - +
.
7) Vet phng trnh mat phang qua A va vuong goc v 2 mat
phang 2x + 3y - z = 0,
x + 2y - 3z = 0.
8) Vet phng trnh mat phang qua A va chan cac na truc dng
Ox, Oy, Oz an t ta cac em I , |, K sao cho the tch t den OI|K
nho nhat.
9) Vet phng trnh mat phang qua A va chan cac na truc dng
Ox, Oy, Oz an t ta cac em I , |, K sao cho OI + O| + OK nho nhat.
10) Vet phng trnh mat phang qua C, song song v truc Oy va
vuong goc v mat phang x + 2y - 3z = 0.
11) Vet phng trnh mat phang qua A va qua gao tuyen cua ha
mat phang :
(P): x + y + z - 4 =0, (O):3x - y + z - 1 = 0.
12) Vet phng trnh mat phang qua A va cha ng thang :
1 3 1
3 4 2
x y z +

.
13) Tm em A o xng v em A qua ng thang d:
2 1 1
3 2 1
x y z + +
va tnh khoang cach t A en ng thang d:
3 3 0
2 3 1 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+
14) Tm tren truc Oz em M cach eu em A va mat phang (P): x

+ 3y + 2 = 0.
15) Vet phng trnh ng thang qua A, song song v mat phang
(P): x - y - z - 4 = 0 va vuong goc v ng thang :
1 3 1
2 1 3
x y z +
.
16) Vet phng trnh ng thang qua A vuong goc va cat ng
thang: 3
2 4
x y
z + .
17) Tm em P thuoc mat phang (P): 2x - 3y - z +2 = 0 sao cho PA+PB
nho nhat.
18) Chng mnh rang ng thang AB va ng thang d :
3 1
3 1 3
x y z
cung thuoc mot mat phang. Tm em N thuoc d sao cho
NA + NB nho nhat.
19) Vet phng trnh ng thang qua A, vuong goc v ng
thang:
3 1
1 2 1
x y z
va cat ng thang:
2 0
2 1 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
'
+
.
20) Vet phng trnh hnh cheu cua ng thang AB en mat
phang (P): x + 3y - z = 0.
21) Tnh goc tao b ng thang AB v mat phang (BCD).
22) G a trong tam ABC, G a mot em bat ky thuoc mat
phang (P): 2x - 3y + z +3 = 0. Chng mnh rang:
2 2 2
D A D B D C ' ' ' + +
nho
nhat kh va ch kh G' a hnh cheu cua G en (P). Tm toa o em
G.
23) Lap phng trnh mat cau qua A, B, C va co tam thuoc
mp(Oxy)
24) Lap phng trnh tep den cua mat cau "S$:
2 2 2
6 2 4 5 0 x y z x y z + + + +
ta B.
25) Lap phng trnh mat phang qua A va tep xuc v mat cau "S$
co phng trnh:
2 2 2
4 2 6 5 0 x y z x y z + + + +
.
26) Lap phng trnh mat cau ngoa tep t den ABCD.

Ôn Tập Toán 12 Năm 2014

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Bai 42" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang qua em A va

Bai 4J" Vet phng trnh tham so cua ng thang qua em A,

Bai 2" Cho ng thang d 0a1 mat phang "#$. Tm m6 ) e:

Bai 2" Chng mnh ha ng thang d

,EB@ 5GH I: /ot Qo4 !a4n e1 <hac

a) Chng mnh rang ng thang d va ng thang AB cung

14) Tm tren truc Oz em M cach eu em A va mat phang (P): x

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