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S GIO DC-O TO K THI CHN HC SINH GII TNH CP THPT

H TNH NM HC 2012-2013
MN THI! HO HC "#P 10
$ CH%NH TH&C Thi gian lm bi: 180 pht
( thi c 02 trang, gm 06 cu)


C'( I!
1. Trong thin nhin, brom c nhiu nc bin di dng NaBr. Cng nghi! ha h"c #iu
ch$ brom t% nc bin #&c th'c hin th(o )u* tr+nh ,au #-*.
/ Cho m0t 1t dung d2ch 3
4
56
7
89o m0t :&ng nc bin;
/ 5<c =h1 c:o 89o dung d2ch mi thu #&c;
/ >?ng =hng =h1 :i cu@n hAi brom ti bBo hCa 89o dung d2ch Na
4
C6
D
;
/ Cho dung d2ch 3
4
56
7
89o dung d2ch #E bEo hCa brom, thu hAi brom rFi ha :Gng.
3E* 8i$t cHc !hAng tr+nh ha h"c ch1nh #E IB* ra trong cHc )uH tr+nh trn 89 cho bi$t 8ai
trC cJa 3
4
56
7
.
4. Cho m gam hKn h&! L gFm CuC:
4
89 M(C:
D
89o nc thu #&c dung d2ch N. Chia N :9m 4
!hOn bPng nhau. 5<c =h1 3
4
5 d 89o !hOn 1 #&c 1,4Q gam =$t tJa, cho Na
4
5 d 89o !hOn 4
#&c D,R7 gam =$t tJa. T1nh m.
C'( II!
1. NSng :&ng ion ha thT nhUt VW
1
/ =XYmo:) cJa cHc ngu*n t@ chu =Z 4 c giH tr2 V=hng th(o
tr[t t') 17R4, 1D17, \4R, Q]], 4RQ1, QR1, 1RQ^, 1^Q1. 3E* g_n cHc giH tr2 n9* cho cHc ngu*n
t@ tAng Tng. `iBi th1ch.
4. C 1 :1t dung d2ch L gFm Na
4
C6
D
R,1a 89 VN3
7
)
4
C6
D
R,4\a. Cho 7D gam hKn h&! BaC:
4
89 CaC:
4
89o dung d2ch L, ,au =hi !hBn Tng =$t thbc thu #&c D],c gam =$t tJa N. T1nh th9nh
!hOn d =h@i :&ng cHc chUt trong N.
C'( III!
1.a. 5<c t% t% =h1 C:
4
89o dung d2ch eW, hE* cho bi$t m9u ,_c dung d2ch bi$n #fi nh th$ n9og
`iBi th1ch.
b. 3E* giBi th1ch ti ,ao Hi :'c (:(ctron cJa h:o VD,7\ (i) bj hAn cJa c:o VD,^1 (i) nhng t1nh
oIi ha cJa h:o :i mnh hAn cJa c:og
4. Cho hKn h&! gFm R,RD mo: N:, R,R4 mo: Cu 89 R,R4 mo: kn tHc d<ng 8i hKn h&! 4 aIit
3
4
56
7
89 3N6
D
, ,au !hBn Tng thu #&c 7,c^ gam hKn h&! =h1 56
4
89 N6
4
c th t1ch :9 1,c]4
:1t V#o #iu =in tiu chuln) 89 m gam mu@i V=hng c mu@i amoni). T1nh m.
C'( I)!
1. a 89 m :9 cHc ngu*n t@ thu0c !h-n nhm ch1nh Vnhm N), c th to 8i hi#ro cHc h&! chUt
a3 89 m3. `"i L 89 n :On :&t :9 hi#roIit Tng 8i ha tr2 cao nhUt cJa a 89 m. Trong n, m chi$m
D\,D4Dd =h@i :&ng. o trung hCa ho9n to9n \R gam dung d2ch 1^,Qd L cOn 1\R m: dung d2ch n
1a. LHc #2nh cHc ngu*n t@ a 89 m.
4. o ho9 tan ho9n to9n a mo: m0t =im :oi cOn m0t :&ng 8%a #J a mo: 3
4
56
7
, ,au !hBn Tng
thu #&c D1,4 gam mu@i ,unhat 89 =h1 L. To9n b0 :&ng =h1 L n9* :9m mUt m9u 8%a #J \RR
m: dung d2ch Br
4
R,4a. LHc #2nh tn =im :oi.
C'( )!
1.Trong m0t t9i :iu tham =hBo c ghi nhpng !hAng tr+nh ha h"c nh di #-*, hE* chq ra
nhpng :Ki Vn$u c) 89 ,ra :i cho #bng.
a. CaW
4
s 3
4
56
7
#tc Ca56
7
s43W
b. DM(C:
4
s 43
4
56
7
#tc M(56
7
s 4M(C:
D
s 56
4
s43
4
6
c. C:
4
s4eW d 4eC: s W
4

4. oun nng hKn h&! L gFm b0t M( 89 5 trong #iu =in =hng c =hng =h1, thu #&c hKn
h&! r_n N. Cho N tHc d<ng 8i m0t :&ng d dung d2ch 3C: thu #&c ,Bn !hlm =h1 n c tq
=h@i ,o 8i 3
4
:9 1D. uU* 4,47 :1t V#o #iu =in tiu chuln) =h1 n #(m #@t chH* rFi cho to9n
b0 ,Bn !hlm chH* # #i )ua 1RR m: dung d2ch 3
4
6
4
\,1d Vc =h@i :&ng ring bPng 1gYm:),
,au !hBn Tng thu #&c dung d2ch B. CHc !hBn Tng IB* ra ho9n to9n.
a. T1nh th9nh !hOn d =h@i :&ng cHc chUt trong hKn h&! L.
b. LHc #2nh nFng #0 d cHc chUt trong dung d2ch B.
C'( )I!
1.Cho m gam hKn h&! =im :oi Ba, Na V#&c tr0n th(o tq : ,@ mo: 1.1) 89o nc #&c D,D^ :1t
3
4
V#o #iu =in tiu chuln) 89 dung d2ch L. Cho C6
4
hU! th< t% t% 89o dung d2ch L. iv #F
th2 biu diwn ,' !h< thu0c cJa ,@ mo: =$t tJa th(o ,@ mo: C6
4
#&c hU! th<.
4. N :9 dung d2ch chTa NgN6
D
R,R1a, N3
D
R,4\a 89 B :9 dung d2ch chTa cHc ion C:
/
, Br
/
, W
/
#u c nFng #0 R,R1a. Tr0n dung d2ch N 8i dung d2ch B VgiB thi$t ban #Ou nFng #0 cHc ion
=hng #fi). 3Gi =$t tJa n9o #&c to th9nhg Trn cA , cJa !hAng !hH!, hE* # ngh2 cHch
nh[n bi$t ion C:
/
trong dung d2ch c chTa #Fng thxi D ion trn.
Bi$t. NgVN3
D
)
4
s

Ng
s
s 4N3
D
= y 1R
/c,47
; T
NgC:
y 1,cQ.1R
/1R

; T
NgBr
y 1R
/1D
; T
NgW
y 1R
/1^
.
-----------------H*T---------------
/ Th sinh khng c s dng t!i "i#u (k$ c% &%ng h# th'ng tu(n h)!n c*c ngu+,n t' ha
h-c./
0 1*n &2 c)i thi khng 3h%i gi%i thch g4 th,m/
0 5- 6! t,n th sinh777777777777777777 8' &*) danh777777777
S GIO DC-O TO K THI CHN HC SINH GII TNH THPT
H TNH NM HC 2012-2013
H+#NG D,N CHM MN HO HC 10

C'( N-. /(01 .23
I
3
14 C:
4
s 4NaBr
+
3
4NaC: s Br
4
V1)
DBr
4
s DNa
4
C6
D
\NaBr s NaBr6
D
s DC6
4
V4)
3
4
56
7
s Na
4
C6
D
Na
4
56
7
s C6
4
s 3
4
6 VD)
\NaBr s NaBr6
D
s D3
4
56
7
DNa
4
56
7
s DBr
4
s D3
4
6 V7)
iai trC cJa 3
4
56
7
. V1) 3
4
56
7
c tHc d<ng aIit ha mi trxng !hBn Tng, VD) V7)
:9 chUt tham gia !, n$u mi trxng =im th+ ,v c c-n bPng. .
DBr
4
s ^63
/
\Br
/
s Br6
D
/
s D3
4
6
63
/
3
s
2. Thm 3
4
5 89o !hOn 1 ta c.
4M(C:
D
s 3
4
5 z 4M(C:
4
s 5 s 43C:
I R,\I
CuC:
4
s 3
4
5 z Cu5{ s 43C:
* *
1^I s]^* y 1,4Q VW)
Thm Na
4
5 89o !hOn 4
4M(C:
D
s Na
4
5 z 4M(C:
4
s 5 s 4NaC:
,au #. M(C:
4
s Na
4
5 z M(5{ s 4NaC:
4M(C:
D
s DNa
4
5 z 4M(5{ s 5{ s ^NaC:
mo:. I I R,\ I
CuC:
4
s Na
4
5 z Cu5{ s 4NaC:
* *
QQI s D4.R,\I s ]^* y D,R7 VWW5
6 T% VW, WW) ta c. I y R,R4 mo: 89 * y R,R1 mo: m y 7,^.4 y ],4 gam.
178
078
078
078
II
3
14 `iH tr2 nSng :&ng ion ha tAng Tng 8i cHc ngu*n t@.
WN WWN WWWN WiN iN iWN iWWN iWWWN
ui B( B C N 6 M N(
4,
1
4,
4
4!
1
4!
4
4!
D
4!
7
4!
\
4!
^
W
1
V=XYmo:) \4R Q]] QR1 1RQ^ 17R4 1D17 1^Q1 4RQ1
Nh+n chung t% trHi )ua !hBi trong m0t chu =Z nSng :&ng ion ha W
1
tSng dOn,
!h? h&! 8i ,' bi$n thin nhG dOn cJa bHn =1nh ngu*n tr.
C hai bi$n thin bUt thxng IB* ra #-* :9.
/ T% WWN )ua WWWN, nSng :&ng W
1
giBm do c ,' chu*n t% cUu h+nh bn ns
2
)ua
cUu h+nh =jm bn hAn ns
2
n3
9

V(:(ctron ! ch2u Bnh hng ch_n cJa cHc (:(ctron ,
nn :in =$t 8i ht nh-n =jm bn chtt hAn).
/ T% iN )ua iWN, nSng :&ng W
1
giBm do c ,' chu*n t% cUu h+nh bn ns
2
n3
:
)ua cUu h+nh =jm bn hAn ns
2
n3
;
Vtrong !
D
chq c cHc (:(ctron #0c th-n, !
7
c
m0t ct! ghj! #i, IuUt hin :'c #l* gipa cHc (:(ctron).
2. 3"c ,inh 8i$t !t!u, ta c th tm t_t nh ,au.
a
4s
s C6
D
4/
aC6
D
>' 89o ,@ mo: mu@i cacbonat, t1nh #&c nC6
D
4/
y R,D\
Th(o tSng giBm =h@i :&ng thU* t% 1 mo: aC:
4
8 aC6
D
=h@i :&ng giBm 11
gam. Th'c t$ =h@i :&ng giBm 7D | D],c y D,D gam 5@ mo: aC6
D
y
11
D , D
y
1
078
078
R,D } nC6
D
4/
/~ C6
D
4/
c d, a
4s
! h$t
nBaC:
4
y I, CaC:
4
y *, :[! h !t #i ,@ 4RQI s111* y 7D 89 I s * y R,D
giBi ra #&c BaC6
D
y R,1 mo:, CaC6
D
y R,4 mo: 89 d BaC6
D
y 7],^4d, CaC6
D
y \R,DQd.
1
III
378
1. a. dd eW IuUt hin m9u #G t1m, ,au # dOn tr :i =hng m9u
C:
4
s 4eW 4eC: s W
4
89 \C:
4
s W
4
s ^3
4
6 43W6
D
s 1R3C:
b. uH tr+nh chu*n L
4
4L
/

!h< thu0c 89o 4 *$u t@. nSng :&ng !h-n :i !h-n
tr th9nh ngu*n tr VtTc nSng :&ng :in =$t) 89 Hi :'c ( # bi$n ngu*n tr L
th9nh ion L
/
atc d? Hi :'c cJa h:o bj hAn c:o, nhng nSng :&ng :in =$t cJa h:o :i thU!
hAn cJa c:o nn h:o dw !h-n :i th9nh ngu*n tr hAn, 8+ 8[* t1nh oIi ha cJa h:o
mnh hAn c:o
VNSng :&ng :in =$t cJa h:o thU! hAn c:o 8+. Trong !h-n tr M chq c cHc N6 !,
=hng c N6 tr@ng !h-n tr M
4
chq c :in =$t

. Trong ngu*n tr C:, ngo9i


cHc N6 ! cCn c N6 d tr@ng !h-n tr C:
4
ngo9i ,' I(n !hJ cHc N6 ! # to
:in =$t

, th+ m-* ( cCn #tt 89o N6 d tr@ng, do # to m0t !hOn :in =$t !i).
24 >'a 89o th t1ch 89 =h@i :&ng hKn h&! =h1, :[! h !t dw d9ng t1nh #&c ,@
mo: 56
4
y R,R^ 89 N6
4
y R,R4 ,@ mo: ( nh[n y R,R^.4 s R,R4 y R,17
N$u tUt cB =im :oi #u tan th+ n( nhxng y R,RD.D s R,R4.4 s R,R4.4 y R,1c ~
R,17. Nh 8[* c =im :oi cCn d, # :9 Cu V8+ Cu c t1nh =hr *$u nhUt), t1nh
#&c ,@ mo: Cu d y
4
17 , R 1c , R
y R,R1\
Ta c . N6
D
/
s 43
s
s1( N6
4
s 3
4
6
R,R4 R,R7
56
7
4/
s73
s
s4( 56
4
s43
4
6
R,R^ R,47
nN6
D
/
Vmu@i)
y nN6
D
/

VaI)
| nN6
4
y n3
s
/ nN6
4
y R,R7 | R,R4 y R,R4
TAng t' t1nh #&c n56
7
4/
y R,R^ mo:. eh@i :&ng mu@i y m=im :oi s mg@c
aIit
m y R,RD.4c s R.R4.^\ s R,RR\.^7 s R,R4.^4 s R,R^.]^ y ],7D Vgam)
0798
0798
0728
078
078
0798
I)
378
14 3&! chUt 8i hi#ro c dng m3 nn m c th thu0c nhm WN hotc iWWN.
Trxng h&! 1 . N$u m thu0c nhm WN th+ n c dng m63
Ta c .
4Q7 , ]
^cc , ^7
D4D , D\
1c
= = <
<
V:oi do =hng c nghim th1ch h&!)
Trxng h&! 4 . m thu0c nhm iWWN th+ n c dng 3m6
7
Ta c .
\ , D\
^cc , ^7
D4D , D\
^\
= = <
<
, 8[* m :9 ngu*n t@ c:o VC:).
>o hi#roIit cJa m V3C:6
7
) :9 m0t aIit, nn hi#roIit cJa a !hBi :9 m0t baA
dng a63
gam gam m= 7 , Q \R
1RR
Q , 1^
= =
a63 s 3C:6
7
LC:6
7
s 3
4
6

m)" > m)" > n n
51"? @?5
1\ , R Y 1 1\ , R
7
= = =

\^
1\ , R
7 , Q
1c = = +
m)"
gam
@
a y D] , 8[* a :9 ngu*n t@ =a:i Ve).
24 eh1 L c =hB nSng :9m mUt m9u dung d2ch nc brom nn L !hBi :9 3
4
5
hotc 56
4
.
`iB ,r L :9 3
4
5, ta c !hAng tr+nh !hBn Tng.
Qm s \n3
4
56
7
z 7m
4
V56
7
)
n
s n3
4
5 s 7n3
4
6
078
1
Th(o !t!u. n
4 7
5 8?
y
\
Q
n
n
m
. Th(o b9i ra. n
4 7
5 8?
y n
m
z \n y Q z n y
Q
\
.
i[* =h1 L #E cho :9 =h1 56
4
. i9 ta c !hAng tr+nh !hBn Tng.
4m s 4n3
4
56
7
z m
4
V56
7
)
n
s n56
4
s 4n3
4
6
Ta c. 4 y4n n y1
hAng tr+nh V1) #&c 8i$t :i.
4m s 43
4
56
7
z m
4
56
7
s 56
4
s 43
4
6
Cho =h1 L !hBn Tng 8i dung d2ch Br
4
IB* ra !hBn Tng ,au.
56
4
s Br
4
s 43
4
6 z 3
4
56
7
s 43Br V4)
Th(o V4). n
4
8?
y n
4
Ar
y R,\.R,4 y R,1Vmo:); th(o V). nm
4
56
7
y n
4
8?
y R,1Vmo:)
Th(o b9i ra =h@i :&ng cJa m
4
56
7
y D1,4g z
4 7
< 8?
@
y
D1, 4
R,1
y D14 z a
m
y 1RQ
Vm :9 Ng).
078
078
1
)
378
1. a. 3W c t1nh =hr, ! #&c 8i 3
4
56
7
#tc, nn ,ra :i
7CaW
4
s \3
4
56
7
#tc 7Ca56
7
s 3
4
5 s 7W
4
s73
4
6
b. >o M(56
7
c t1nh =hr, 3
4
56
7
#tc c t1nh oIi ha nn !hAng tr+nh #&c 8i$t
:i.
4M(C:
4
s 73
4
56
7
M(
4
V56
7
)
D
s 56
4
s 73C: s 43
4
6
c. >o c eW d nn W
4
tan trong eW to eW
D
, 8[* !hAng tr+nh #&c 8i$t :i.
C:
4
s DeW 4eC: s eW
D
4. a) ii$t !hAng tr+nh.
M( s 5 M(5 V1)
M(5 s 43C: M(C:
4
s 3
4
5 V4)
ii
Y
M y 1D.4 y 4^ n c 3
4
5 89 3
4
, do M( d !hBn Tng 8i 3C:.
M(
d
s 43C: M(C:
4
s 3
4
VD)
43
4
5 s D6
4
456
4
s 43
4
6 V7)
43
4
s 6
4
43
4
6 V\)
56
4
s 3
4
6
4
3
4
56
7
V^)
ott S H
2
n
y a Vmo:);
2
H
n
y b Vmo:)

Y
M y
1
3
b
a
26
b a
2b 34a
= =
+
+
`iB ,r
2
H
n
y 1 Vmo:) S H
2
n
y D Vmo:)
V1)V4)
Fe
n
!hBn Tng
y n
5
y n
M(5
y S H
2
n
y D Vmo:)
VD) n
M( d
y
2
H
n
y 1 Vmo:)

Fe
n
ban #Ou
y 1 s D y 7 Vmo:)
i[*. dm
M(
y
d cR
D4 . D \^ . 7
d 1RR . \^ . 7
=
+
dm
5
y 1RRd / cRd y DRd
b) n
n
y
7 , 44
47 , 4
y R,1Vmo:) S H
2
n
y
7
D
.R,1 y R,Rc\ Vmo:).

2
H
n
y R,1 / R,Rc\ y R,R4\ Vmo:).
0,15(mol)
100.34
5,1.1.100
n
2 2
O H
= =
T% V7)V^)
2
SO
n
y S H
2
n
y R,Rc\ Vmo:)
07843
078
078
T% V^)
4 2
SO H
n
y
2
SO
n
y R,Rc\ Vmo:) 3
4
6
4
d.
2 2
O H
n
!hBn Tng
y
2
SO
n
y R,Rc\ Vmo:) 3
4
6
4
d y R,1\ / R,Rc\ y R,Rc\
Vmo:)
! d<ng BTeu ta c.
m
ddB
y
2 2
O ddH
m
s
2
SO
m
s O H
2
m
y 1RR.1 s R,Rc\.^7 s R,1.1Q y 1R^,^ Vg)
i[*. Cd3
4
56
7
y
^ , 1R^
1RR . ]Q . Rc\ , R
y ^,^]\ Vd).
Cd3
4
6
4
d y
^ , 1R^
1RR . D7 . Rc\ , R
y 4,D]4 Vd).
078
078
)I
378
14 Ba s 3
4
6 BaV63)
4
s 3
4
Na s 3
4
6 Na63 s 1Y43
4
>'a 89o !t, t1nh #&c nBaV63)
4
y Na63 y R,1. T1nh #&c n63
/
y R,D
5<c t% t% C6
4
89o dd L c cHc !
C6
4
s 463
/
C6
D
4/
s 3
4
6
C6
D
4/
s Ba
4s
BaC6
D
BaC6
D
s C6
4
BaV3C6
D
)
4
>'a 89o !t, h, 8v #&c #F th2 biu diwn ,' !h< thu0c cJa ,@ mo: BaC6
D
=$t tJa
8i ,@ mo: C6
4
#&c hU! th< V3+nh thang c-n..)
24 i+ NgN6
D
to !hTc 8i N3
D
nn trong dung d2ch N chTa NgVN3
D
)
4
s
R,R1a 89
N3
D
y R,4\ | R,R4 y R,4Da
NgVN3
D
)
4
s
yy Ng
s
s 4N3
D
e y 1R
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