Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

106
NG DNG THIT B STATCOM NNG CAO
N NH IN P H THNG IN VIT NAM
APPLICATION STATCOM DEVICE FOR ENHANCEMENT
VOLTAGE STABILITY OF VIETNAMS POWER SYSTEM

SVTH: L c Hin, Trn Phng Chu, Trn Vn Dng, H nh Nguyn
Lp 05D1B, Khoa in, Trng i hc Bch Khoa
GVHD: PGS. TS. inh Thnh Vit
Khoa in, Trng i hc Bch Khoa

TM TT
nng cao cht lng in p v n nh in p cho h thng in Vit Nam c rt
nhiu cng trnh nghin cu v vic ng dng cc thit b b cng sut phn khng. Tuy nhin cc
thit b b cha p ng nhng yu cu v phn ng nhanh nhy khi h thng c s thay
i t ngt v nhu cu cng sut phn khng. Cc thit b truyn ti in xoay chiu linh hot
FACTS p ng c yu cu v phn ng nhanh nhy cng nh dung lng b ti u
cho h thng in trong mi ch lm vic. Bi bo ny nghin cu v nhng vn trn nhm
a ra v tr lp t cc thit b FACTS thch hp cho h thng in Vit Nam. Trong qu trnh
phn tch b qua yu t kinh t v ch ch trng vo yu t k thut. Qu trnh nghin cu tnh ton
s dng s h thng in Vit Nam thng 12 nm 2010 v vic tnh ton b cng sut phn
khng tp trung ch yu vo cc khu vc c mt ti dy c v c th gia tng t bin trong
cc ch lm vic khc nhau. Cc kt qu tnh ton tro lu cng sut h thng, phn tch c
tnh P-V, Q-V c kho st qua phn mm PSS/E-30.
ABSTRACT
In order to improve the voltage quality and voltage stability in VietNams power
system, lots of research into the application of reactive voltage compensator have been conducted.
However, they have not met the requirements for fast reactions when an abrupt change of reactive
power demand takes place in the system. The FACTS devices can satisfy these requirements as
well as the optimal compensating capacity for a power system in any working condition mode. The
purpose of this paper it to study the issues mentioned above and show the appropriate location to
install FACTS in the power system in VietNam. The analysis is based on technical specifications
without taking into account of economic facts. In this paper, the graph of VietNams power system
dated December 2010 is used. Also the calculation of reactive voltage compensation mainly
focuses on areas with heavy load and probable sudden increase in voltage in different working
conditions. The results of PV, QV curve analysis are examine by using the PSS/E-30.
1. t vn
in p l mt trong nhng ch tiu quan trng nh gi cht lng in nng.
n nh in p l kh nng duy tr in p ti tt c cc nt trong h thng trong mt
phm vi cho php (tu thuc vo tnh cht mi nt m phm vi dao ng cho php ca
in p s khc nhau) iu kin vn hnh bnh thng hoc sau cc kch ng. H thng
s i vo trng thi khng n nh khi xut hin cc kch ng nh tng ti t ngt hay
thay i cc thng s ca h thng. Cc thay i c th lm cho qu trnh gim in p
xy ra v nng n nht l c th ri vo tnh trng khng th iu khin c, gi l sp
in p. Nguyn nhn ch yu dn n s mt n nh v sp in p thng l do
Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010
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khng p ng nhu cu cng sut phn khng cn thit khi ph ti tng bt thng v
t bin.
Gii php k thut khc phc s mt n nh v sp in p m bi bo ny
a ra l p dng b iu khin STATCOM thuc nhm thit b truyn ti in xoay chiu
linh hot FACTS (Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System). Vi nhanh nhy,
chnh xc, iu khin linh hot, cc thit b FACTS s ci thin n nh in p v nng
cao kh nng truyn ti cng sut trn h thng.
2. M hnh v nguyn l hot ng ca thit b STATCOM
STATCOM (Static Compensator) l mt
thit b chuyn i ngun p (VSC_Voltage
Source Converter), n chuyn i ngun in p
mt chiu thnh in p xoay chiu b cng
sut phn khng cho h thng. STATCOM l mt
thit b b ngang, n iu chnh in p ti v tr
n lp t n gi tr ci t (V
ref
) thng qua vic
iu chnh bin v gc pha ca in p ri gia
STATCOM v h thng. Bng cch iu khin
in p ca STATCOM cng pha vi in p h
thng nhng c bin ln hn khin dng cng
sut phn khng chy t STATCOM vo h thng
qua nng cao in p h thng ln. Ngc li,
nu iu khin in p ca STATCOM thp hn in p ca h thng, th dng cng sut
chy t h thng vo STATCOM do vy hn ch qu in p trn li in.
3. ng dng STATCOM vo h thng li in 500KV v 220KV Vit Nam

Hnh 2: c tnh P-V ti cc nt 500kV Mn, Nh B, Ph Lm, Sng My, k Nng, Di Linh v Tn
nh trong ch lm vic bnh thng v s c N-1 (phn mm PSS/E)
Filter
- +
C
Vi,
I,
Vref
V,
Hnh 1. M hnh STATCOM
Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010
108
H thng li in 500kV v 220kV Vit Nam (s liu: 12/2010) c a vo
kho st bi bo ny. Vic kho st tp trung ch yu ti cc khu vc c mt ti ln,
dy c v c kh nng tng ti bt thng t tnh ton lp t STATCOM. Phng
php nghin cu l xy dng ng cong P-V, Q-V v phn tch tro lu cng sut ca h
thng di hai ch lm vic khc nhau: ch bnh thng (basecase model), ch s
c N-1 (contingency N-1). Ta xy dng cc c tnh P-V ca h thng in Vit Nam
thng qua phng php phn tch, tnh ton tro lu cng sut truyn ti vi lng cng
sut truyn t min Bc (PTC-1) cung cp cho nhu cu ph ti tng dn khu vc min
Trung v Nam (PTC-2, PTC-3, PTC-4).

Hnh 3: c tnh P-V ti cc nt 220kV Chu c, Cao Lnh, Tr Vinh, Kin Lng v Bc Liu trong ch
bnh thng v s c N-1(phn mm PSS/E)
Theo c tnh P-V ta thy khi cng sut truyn ti gia tng trn 568.750 MW th
hin tng sp in p s xut hin. Ti bin gii hn n nh th in p ca nt
500kV Mn l thp nht (0.882pu), cc nt 220kV c in p thp nht l: Chu c
(0.797pu), Kin Lng (0.858). Vi gi tr cng sut truyn ti l 568.750 MW v h
thng ang ng ti im sp in p, nu c bt k mt s c no lm cc my ct
ng dy 500kV khu vc min Nam tc ng th h thng s b tan r.
Mt khc xy dng c tnh Q-V ca cc nt trong h thng ta thy nt 500kV
Mn, 220kV Chu c l nhng nt c d tr n nh thp nht.
Theo c tnh P-V, Q-V xy dng ta thy cn b cng sut phn khng cho cc
nt c in p gim mnh (theo c tnh P-V) v c d tr n nh thp (theo c tnh
Q-V). in p ti cc nt ngh gii hn nh sau:
in p cc nt 500kV: 0.95pu n 1.05pu
in p cc nt 220kV: 0.90pu n 1.1pu
Nhm m bo n nh in p cho h thng ngay c trong ch s c
(contingency N-1) ta t STATCOM ti nhng nt c in p gim mnh v c nguy c
Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010
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sp in p. Cc nt c kh nng mt n nh in p nht:

Hnh 4: c tnh Q-V ca nt 500kV Mn tng ng vi cc ch lm vic ca h thng
(phn mm PSS/E)

Hnh 5: c tnh Q-V ca nt 220kV Chu c tng ng vi cc ch lm vic ca h thng
(phn mm PSS/E)
Ch bnh thng:
Cc nt 500kV: Mn, Ph Lm.
Cc nt 220kV: Chu c, Kin Lng v Cao Lnh.
Ch s c N-1:
Cc nt 500kV: Mn, Ph Lm, Di Linh, HT-NQ1, N-HT2.
Cc nt 220kV: Chu c, Kin Lng, Tht Nt, Cao Lnh v Tr Vinh
T kt qu trn ta a ra 3 phng n la chn v tr t STATCOM l:
Phng n 1:
Cc nt 500kV: Mn, Ph Lm, Di Linh, Nho Quan
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Cc nt 220kV: Chu c
Phng n 2:
Cc nt 500kV: Nh B, Tn nh, Di Linh, H Tnh
Cc nt 220kV: Kin Lng
Phng n 3:
Cc nt 500kV: Mn, Nh B, Nng, Sn La
Cc nt 220kV: Nho Quan
Sau khi t STATCOM ti tng v tr theo 3 phng n trn ta la chn c
phng n ti u nht:
Ti cc nt 500kV: Mn, Ph Lm, Di Linh, Nho Quan.
Ti cc nt 220kV: Chu c.
Phn tch dng cng sut huy ng cho thy cng sut truyn ti s rt ln t
PleiKu-k Nng-Ph Lm (572.8 MW) v PleiKu-Tn nh-Ph Lm (649.6 MW),
trong trng hp s c bt k mt ng dy th ng dy cn li s ti lng cng sut
134% so vi bnh thng v ng dy s lm vic trong tnh trng qu ti. Nh vy gii
hn cng sut truyn ti trn ng dy s l 568.75 MW. Vi gii hn cng sut ny ta
xc nh c gii hn b ca cc STATCOM t ti cc nt trn nh bng 1:
Bng 1: Di iu chnh b cng sut phn khng ca cc thit b STATCOM

Sau khi t STATCOM vo nhng v tr trn ta c cc c tnh P-V mi nh sau:

Hnh 6. c tnh P-V ca cc nt 500kV Mn, k Nng, Nh B, Ph Lm, Tn nh, Sng My, Di
Linh trong ch bnh thng v s c N-1(phn mm PSS/E)
Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010
111

Hnh 7: c tnh P-V ca cc nt 220kV Chu c, Kin Lng, Tr Vinh, Cao Lnh v Bc Liu trong ch
lm vic bnh thng v s c N-1 (phn mm PSS/E)
Do c im ni bt ca STATCOM l phn ng rt nhanh nhy v linh hot nn
ti cc nt t STATCOM coi nh cng sut phn khng c p ng trong mi ch
lm vic. Nh vy sau khi ta t thit b STATCOM ti cc nt trn th bin gii
hn n nh in p c ci thin t 568.750MW ln 875.00MW v in p ca h thng
lun c gi n nh trong mi ch lm vic ca h thng.
4. Kt lun
T cc kt qu tnh ton trn ta rt ra kt lun rng:
Sau khi lp t STATCOM ti nhng v tr trn th bin n nh in p ca h
thng tng ln:
in p ca cc nt trong h thng c ci thin ng k sau khi lp t
STATCOM c th nh:
Nt Cp in p Cha c
STATCOM
C
STATCOM
in p (pu) in p (pu)
Mn 500KV 0.882 0.923
Pleiku 500KV 0.899 0.950
Ph Lm 500KV 0.92 0.967
Ch
Cha c
STATCOM
C
STATCOM
P
Bnh thng 568.750MW 875.0MW 306.250MW
H my bin p 500kV
Mn
100MW 287.50MW 187.50MW
t ng dy 500kV
Di Linh- Tn nh
178.50MW 668.25MW 489.75MW
t ng dy 500kV
k Nng- Ph Lm
318.50MW 762.50MW 444.00MW
Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010
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Tn nh 500KV 0.939 0.958
Chu c 220KV 0.797 0.851
Kin Lng 220KV 0.850 0.883
d tr n nh ca h thng ti cc nt c m bo:

Nt

Cp in p
Cha c
STATCOM
C
STATCOM
d tr
(MVAr)
d tr
(MVAr)
Pleiku 500KV 699.30MVAr 2563.46MVAr
Dc Si 500KV 871.11MVAr 2435.20MVAr
Yaly 500KV 918.00MVAr 2500.22MVAr
Ph Lm 220KV 168.92MVAr 617.34MVAr
H thng in Vit Nam lm vic n nh v tin cy hn khi lp t STATCOM
nhng v tr chn trn, lc s c N-1 xy ra STATCOM t ng b cng sut
phn khng vi dung lng b ti u thuc di iu chnh th hin hnh 6 nn
hu nh khc phc kp thi s mt n nh in p trong h thng.

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] Nguyn Hng Anh, L Cao Quyn, La chn thit b b cng sut phn khng ti
u cho li in 500kV Vit Nam, Tp ch khoa hc cng ngh i hc Nng-s
3(26).2008.
[2] Wenjuan Zhang, Fangxing Li, Leon M. Tolbert, Optimal allocation of Shunt
Dynamic Var Source SVC and STATCOM: A survey, Student Member, IEEE, Senior
Member, IEEE,, Senior Member, IEEE. 2003.
[3] PSS/E-30-User manual.
[4] Abbas M. Abed, Chairman, WSCC voltage stability criteria, undervoltage load
shedding strategy, and reactive power reserve monitoring methodology, IEEE
Member, WSCC Reactive Power Reserve Work Group, May 1998.
[5] C. W. Taylor, Power System Voltage Stability, McGraw Hill, 1994.