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Chng 6: V du hng dan ap dung GVHD: Phan Th Thanh Bnh
SVTH: LE MAU HUNG Trang 49

CHNG 6
V DU HNG DAN AP DUNG

I. V DU HNG DAN AP DUNG LA G ?
1. V du hng dan ap dung la mot d an thiet ke mang ha the ma chung ta se cung thc
hien bang cach s dung phan mem MELSHORT2. D an nay nham muc ch giup chung ta lam
quen vi cac chc nang chnh cua phan mem nay.
- V du hng dan ap dung la tai lieu giup ch cho chung ta lam quen vi cac phng
phap tnh se c thng xuyen s dung trong suot qua trnh thc hien d an cua mnh.
- Trong phan v du nay, ta se thiet ke mot mang ha the cho mot nha may san xuat, tuan t
ta thc hien cac bc sau:
1. Thiet ke s o ngan mach (Skeleton) va nhap so lieu cho tng phan t cua nha
may.
2. Kiem tra so lieu nhap vao cua day dan va CB a phu hp cha.
3. Xem s o tong tr tnh theo %r.
4. Tnh toan dong ngan mach.
5. La chon loai CB phu hp cho nha may.
6. Thc hien k thuat ghep tang.
7. Phoi hp ac tuyen thi gian tac ong dong ien gia cac CB nham toi u hoa
tnh tac ong chon loc.
8. Xem bang thong so nhap vao cua tng phan t, ket qua tnh toan dong ngan mach
va la chon CB ha the.
- Moi bc tren se c trnh bay tng muc rieng trong phan II.

2. So lieu cua tng phan t trong nha may:
a) Nguon:
- ien ap: 22 kV.
- Cong suat nguon: 500 MVA
- Tan so: 50 Hz
b) May bien ap:
- Cong suat cua may bien ap: 250 kVA
- ien ap s cap: 22 kV
- ien ap th cap: 400 V
- U
N
% = 4%
- P
N
= 4,1
- He thong noi at: TN C S

c) May phat ien d phong:
- Cong suat cua may phat: 250 kVA
- ien ap cua may phat: 0.4 kV
- Tan so: 50 Hz
- He thong noi at: TN C - S
d) Tu bu cong suat:
- Nhom 1:
=
=
=
95 . 0 cos
kVar 40 Q
kV 4 , 0 U
m

- Nhom 2:
=
=
=
95 . 0 cos
kVar 20 Q
kV 4 , 0 U
m

- Nhom 3:
=
=
=
95 . 0 cos
kVar 20 Q
kV 4 , 0 U
m

e) Day dan va CB:
1. Day dan va CB t may bien ap en tu phan phoi cua nha may (TPPNM):
- Tiet dien day dan: 240 mm
2

- La loai day ong(Cu) PVC 3 pha.
- Dong cho phep cua day dan: 538 A
- Chieu dai day dan: 15 m
- R
0
= 0,08 /km
- X
0
= 0,06 /km
- Dong nh mc cua CB(Circuit breaker) la I
m
= 400 A
2. Day dan va CB t may phat d phong en tu phan phoi cua nha may:
2

- R
0
= 0,08 /km
- X
0
= 0,06 /km
- Dong nh mc cua CB la I
m
= 400 A
3. Day dan va CB t tu phan phoi nha may en tu phan phoi san xuat (TPPSX):
2

- R
0
= 0,27 /km
- X
0
= 0,06 /km
m
= 160 A

4. Day dan va CB t tu phan phoi nha may en tu phan phoi chieu sang:
2

- R
0
= 0,27 /km
- X
0
= 0,06 /km
m
= 160 A
5. Day dan va CB t tu phan phoi san xuat en cac tu ong lc (TL), trong nha may
nay co 5 tu ong lc:

DAY DAN CB
STT

Ten Tiet dien
(mm
2
)
Loai day I
cpdd

(A)
R
0

(/km)
X
0

(/km)
L
(m)
I
m

(A)
1 TL1 70 PVC 245 0,268 0,06 16 100
2 TL2 10 PVC 75 1,63 0,07 18 40
3 TL3 1,5 PVC 23 12,1 0,12 15 10
4 TL4 6 PVC 54 3,08 0,09 26 30
5 TL5 1,5 PVC 23 12,1 0,12 20 10

6. Day dan va CB t cac tu ong lc en cac phu tai:
* Tu ong lc 1:

DAY DAN CB
STT

K hieu mat
bang
Tiet dien
(mm
2
)
Loai day I
cpdd

(A)
R
0

(/km)
X
0

(/km)
L
(m)
I
m

(A)
1 11 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 7 15
2 8 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 25 15
3 12+7 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 22 10
4 12+7 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 6 10
5 6 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 5 10
6 4+5 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 5 10
7 3 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 6 10
8 2 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 7 10
9 1+12+12 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 16 10
10 7+10 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 22 10
11 9 15 PVC 100 1,15 0,07 26 40


* Tu ong lc 2:

DAY DAN CB
STT

K hieu mat
bang
Tiet dien
(mm
2
)
Loai day I
cpdd

(A)
R
0

(/km)
X
0

(/km)
L
(m)
I
m

(A)
1 16 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 5 15
2 16 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 7 15
3 16 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 10 15

* Tu ong lc 3:

DAY DAN CB
STT

K hieu mat
bang
Tiet dien
(mm
2
)
Loai day I
cpdd

(A)
R
0

(/km)
X
0

(/km)
L
(m)
I
m

(A)
1 13 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 6 10
2 13 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 8 10
3 13 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 10 10

* Tu ong lc 4:

DAY DAN CB
STT

K hieu mat
bang
Tiet dien
(mm
2
)
Loai day I
cpdd

(A)
R
0

(/km)
X
0

(/km)
L
(m)
I
m

(A)
1 14 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 6 10
2 14 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 8 10
3 14 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 10 10

* Tu ong lc 5:

DAY DAN CB
STT

K hieu mat
bang
Tiet dien
(mm
2
)
Loai day I
cpdd

(A)
R
0

(/km)
X
0

(/km)
L
(m)
I
m

(A)
1 15 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 5 10
2 15 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 7 10
3 15 1,5 PVC 31 12,1 0,12 10 10


7. Day dan va CB t tu phan phoi chieu sang en cac tu phan phoi chieu sang trung
gian (TCSTG):

DAY DAN CB
STT

Ten Tiet dien
(mm
2
)
Loai day I
cpdd

(A)
R
0

(/km)
X
0

(/km)
L
(m)
I
m

(A)
1 TCSTG1 15 PVC 100 1,15 0,07 43 50
2 TCSTG2 6 PVC 54 3,08 0,09 25 30
3 TCSTG3 6 PVC 54 3,08 0,09 20 30
4 TCSTG4 6 PVC 54 3,08 0,09 33 30
5 TCSTG5 4 PVC 42 4,61 0,1 45 20

8. Phu tai cua nha may:

STT Phu tai K hieu mat
bang
So lng I
m
He so m
may K
mm

cos
1 Phu tai so 1 16 3 11,1 6 0,75
2 Phu tai so 2 13 3 3,04 6 0,75
3 Phu tai so 3 14 3 7,6 1 0,4
4 Phu tai so 4 15 3 3,04 6 0,75
5 Phu tai so 5 1 1 3,26 6 0,7
6 Phu tai so 6 2 1 8,1 6 0,75
7 Phu tai so 7 3 1 8,68 6 0,7
8 Phu tai so 8 4 1 2,03 6 0,75
9 Phu tai so 9 5 1 2,17 6 0,7
10 Phu tai so 10 6 1 3,5 6 0,65
11 Phu tai so 11 7 3 3,51 6 0,65
12 Phu tai so 12 11 1 14,1 6 0,7
13 Phu tai so 13 8 1 11,5 6 0,7
14 Phu tai so 14 9 1 30,4 6 0,75
15 Phu tai so 15 10 1 4,05 6 0,75
16 Phu tai so 16 12 4 1,52 6 0,75

II. THIET KE D AN:
1. Thiet ke s o ngan mach:
Trong bc au tien nay ta se lam 2 nhiem vu:
- Thiet ke s o ngan mach cua nha may theo s o nguyen l sau.
- Nhap so lieu cho tng phan t trong nha may theo bang so lieu a cho phan I.

ay la mot nha may lay nguon t ng day 22 kV qua may bien ap ha ap xuong 0,4
kV, cap ien cho cac thiet b trong nha may thong qua nam tu ong lc va nam tu phan phoi chieu
sang trung gian. Ngoai ra nha may con lap mot may phat ien d phong trong trng hp nha may
b mat nguon chnh, may phat se cap ien cho ca nha may va ba bo tu bu e nang he so cong suat
cua nha may.
e thiet ke s o ngan mach nay ta se s dung cac nut bieu tng nam tren thanh
Element bar, khi muon lay mot phan t nao ta ch can nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng tng ng,
phan t o se c chen vao vung lam viec chnh cua chng trnh. Ben canh o muon nhap thong
so cho phan t ta ch viec nhap oi chuot vao phan t o roi nhap so lieu vao.
a) Thiet ke s o ngan mach t nguon en tu phan phoi san xuat:
au tien ta se them nguon cho nha may, thc hien nh sau:
- Di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Source nam tren thanh Element bar,
nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng nay, mot phan t nguon se xuat hien trong vung lam viec.

- e nhap so lieu cho nguon ta nhap oi chuot vao phan t nguon trong vung lam
viec, mot hop thoai xuat hien, trong hop thoai nay ta se nhap gia tr vao cac o sau:
+ Voltage: ta nhap vao gia tr ien ap 22.000V hoac co the chon gia tr nay t bang
liet ke cua hop thoai.
+ Capacity: cong suat cua nguon la 500MVA.
+ Reference No: ta nhap vao ten cho phan t nay la NGUON.
+ Frequency: ta anh dau vao gia tr tan so 50Hz.

e bao ve an toan cho nha may khi co s co ngan mach nguon, ta se them vao
ngay tai au nguon vao mot may cat HCB (High voltage circuit breaker). e lam bc nay, ta
thc hien nh sau:
- Nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng High voltage circuit breaker tren thanh
Element bar, mot may cat HCB se xuat hien trong vung lam viec.
- Ta nhap chuot vao phan t may cat nay va chen no nam pha di nguon NGUON,
khi o may cat va nguon se t ong ket noi lai vi nhau.
- Trong hop thoai cua phan t nay ta nhap vao ten MAY CAT trong o Reference No.

Them may bien ap, ta thc hien nh sau:
- Di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Transformer nam tren thanh Element
bar, nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng nay, mot phan t may bien ap se xuat hien trong vung lam viec
va nam di may cat.

- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t may bien ap nay, mot hop thoai se xuat hien, trong hop
thoai nay ta se nhap cac gia tr can thiet vao cac o sau:
+ Primary voltage: nhap vao gia tr ien ap pha s cap la 22.000V.
+ Secondary voltage: nhap vao gia tr ien ap pha th cap la 400V.
+ Earthing system on LV side: ta la chon s o noi at TN C S nam trong bang
liet ke.
+ Capacity: cong suat cua may bien ap la 250kVA.
+ e tnh toan ngan mach tai may bien ap ta anh dau vao o Calculation point
trong hop thoai.
+ Reference No: nhap vao ten la MAY BIEN AP.

Them day dan, ta thc hien cac bc nh sau:
- Di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Wire nam tren thanh Element bar,
nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng nay, mot phan t day dan se c chen vao vung lam viec va nam
di phan t may bien ap.

- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t day dan nay, mot hop thoai se xuat hien, trong hop
thoai nay se bao gom cac hop thoai khac.
+ Trong hop thoai Basic, ta se nhap vao cac gia tr sau:
Length: nhap vao o dai cua day dan la 15m
Wire system: chon he thong day dan la 3Phases
Material: chon loai day ong (Cu)
Insulation: chon PVC 70 degrees centigrade


+ Trong hop thoai 3Phases ta nhap vao cac gia tr sau:
Core size for a phase (mm
2
): nhap vao tiet dien day dan la 240 mm
2

Resistance/m: nhap vao gia tr 0,08
Reactance/m: nhap vao gia tr 0,06
Basic current carrying capacity: nhap vao dong cho phep cua day dan la 538A
Cac gia tr con lai ta khong can phai thay oi.

Them CB (Circuit Breaker) t may bien ap ti tu phan phoi cua nha may, ta lam
cac bc nh sau:
- Di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Low voltage circuit breaker nam
tren thanh Element bar, nhap chuot vao bieu tng nay, mot phan t CB se c them vao vung lam
viec va c chen nam pha di day dan.
- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t CB nay, mot hop thoai se xuat hien, trong hop thoai nay
ta se nhap vao cac gia tr sau:
+ Rated current: nhap vao gia tr dong nh mc cua CB la 400A
+ Poles: chon loai CB 3 cc
+ anh dau vao o Calculation point e thc hien viec tnh toan dong ngan mach
ngay tai phan t CB nay.

Them thanh cai, ta thc hien nh sau:
- Di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Zero conductor nam tren thanh
Element bar, nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng nay, mot phan t thanh cai se c chen vao vung lam
viec va nam pha di CB1.

- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t thanh cai nay, mot hop thoai se xuat hien, trong hop
thoai nay ta lam cac bc sau:
+ Reference No: nhap vao ten cua thanh cai la TPPNM (Tu phan phoi nha may).
+ anh dau vao o Calculation point e thc hien viec tnh toan dong ngan mach
ngay tai thanh cai.

- Ta nhap chuot tiep vao phan t thanh cai nay va di chuyen con tro chuot ve pha au
ben phai cua thanh cai, khi o se xuat hien mot mui ten kep. Luc nay ta ch viec keo chuot ve pha
ben phai e keo dai thanh cai ra, thuan tien cho viec thiet ke phan con lai cua nha may.
Them may phat d phong:
- Nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng Generator nam tren thanh Element bar, khi o
phan t may phat se c chen vao vung lam viec.
- Nhap chuot vao phan t may phat nay, luc nay se xuat hien mot mui ten ta ch viec
nhap chuot keo phan t may phat ti v tr nam song song vi nguon.

- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t may phat nay, mot hop thoai se xuat hien, trong hop
thoai nay ta se nhap gia tr vao cac o sau:
+ Voltage: nhap vao gia tr ien ap la 400V
+ Earthing system: chon s o noi at TN C S nam trong bang liet ke
+ Capacity: nhap vao gia tr cong suat la 250 kVA
+ Reference No: nhap vao ten MAY PHAT
+ anh dau vao o Calculation point e tnh dong ngan mach ngay tai may phat.

Them day dan: trong trng hp nay ta khong can tao mot day dan mi ma ch
viec sao chep day dan a tao pha tren thanh mot day dan th hai, do day dan nay co cung tiet
dien vi day dan pha tren. Ta thc hien nh sau:
- Nhap chuot phai vao day dan noi vi may bien ap, luc nay se xuat hien mot menu.
- Trong menu nay ta chon lenh Copy.
- Nhap chuot phai tiep vao v tr nam pha di may phat, chon lenh Paste. Khi o se
co mot phan t day dan th hai c chen vao v tr pha di may phat.
- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t day dan nay, mot hop thoai se xuat hien. Trong hop
thoai nay ta ch can nhap vao o dai cua day dan la 10m vao o Length trong hop thoai Basic, cac gia
tr khac ta khong thay oi.
- e thay oi kch thc cua day dan cho phu hp ta nhap chuot vao phan t day dan
nay, di chuyen con tro chuot ti au ben di cua no, khi o se xuat hien mot mui ten kep ta ch
viec di chuyen chuot ve pha ben di th day dan se dai ra theo y muon.

Them CB t may phat ti tu phan phoi san xuat: do CB nay co cung dong nh
mc vi CB1, nen ta ch viec copy CB1 va sao chep thanh mot phan t CB th hai. Ta thc hien nh
sau:
- Nhap chuot phai vao phan t CB1, mot menu xuat hien.
- Trong menu nay ta chon lenh Copy.
- Nhap tiep chuot phai vao v tr nam pha di day dan, chon lenh Paste. Khi o mot
phan t CB se c chen nam pha di day dan va co cung dong nh mc vi CB1.
- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t CB nay, se xuat hien mot hop thoai. Trong hop thoai
nay ta anh dau vao o OFF e tat chc nang hoat ong cua CB. V luc nha may lam viec bnh
thng, nguon cung cap chnh cho nha may la ng day 22kV, may phat d phong khong hoat
ong nen CB nay nam trang thai m. Khi co s co nguon th CB nay mi ong lai lay nguon t
may phat d phong cung cap ien cho nha may.


Luc nay ta a thiet ke xong s o ngan mach t nguon ti tu phan phoi nha may, ta tiep
tuc thiet ke phan con lai t tu phan phoi nha may en cac tu ong lc va cac tu chieu sang trung
gian.
b) Thiet ke s o ngan mach t tu phan phoi nha may ti tu phan phoi san
xuat(TPPSX):
Them CB, ta thc hien nh sau:
- Nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng Low voltage circuit breaker nam tren thanh
Element bar, mot phan t CB se c chen vao vung lam viec va nam pha di thanh cai TPPNM.
- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t CB nay, mot hop thoai xuat hien. Trong hop thoai nay
ta nhap vao cac gia tr sau:
+ Rated current: nhap vao gia tr 160A
+ anh dau vao o Calculation point.
Them day dan, ta lam nh sau:
- Nhap chuot vao bieu tng Wire nam tren thanh Element bar, mot phan t day
dan se c them vao s o va nam pha di CB.
- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t day dan nay, mot hop thoai xuat hien, trong hop thoai
nay se gom co cac hop thoai khac.
+ Trong hop thoai Basic, ta nhap gia tr vao cac o sau:
+ Trong hop thoai 3Phases, ta nhap gia tr vao cac o sau:
2
2

Cac gia tr con lai khong can phai thay oi
Them CB: v CB nay co cung dong nh mc vi CB3 nam pha tren no nen ta ch
viec copy CB3 vao sao chep thanh mot CB th hai co cung dong nh mc. Nhap chuot vao CB mi
sao chep nay va di chuyen no ti v tr nam pha di day dan.


- Nhap chuot vao bieu tng Zero conductor nam tren thanh Element bar, mot
phan t thanh cai se xuat hien trong vung lam viec va c at nam pha di CB4.
- Nhap oi chuot vao thanh cai nay, mot hop thoai xuat hien. Trong hop thoai nay ta
lam cac bc sau:
+ Reference No: nhap vao ten TPPSX (Tu phan phoi san xuat).
- e m rong kch thc cua thanh cai ta lam nh sau:
+ at con tro len thanh cai TPPSX.
+ Nhap chuot vao phan t thanh cai nay, bay gi no se hien th mau o.
+ at con tro chuot vao pha au ben phai cua thanh cai, con tro luc nay se bien
thanh mui ten kep.
+ Nhap va gi chuot.
+ Keo con tro chuot ve pha ben phai e keo dai thanh cai, nha chuot khi a at
c o dai mong muon.
+ Nhap chuot vao mot v tr bat k trong vung lam viec e bo chon no.
+ Ta lam tng t khi muon keo dai thanh cai ve pha trai.

c) Thiet ke s o ngan mach t tu phan phoi san xuat en cac phu tai cua tu ong lc 2:
Them CB, ta thc hien nh sau:
- Nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng Low voltage circuit breaker nam tren thanh
Element bar, mot phan t CB se c chen vao vung lam viec va nam pha di thanh cai TPPNM.
ta nhap vao cac gia tr sau:
+ Rated current: nhap vao gia tr 40A
Them day dan, ta lam nh sau:
nay se gom cac hop thoai khac.
2
2

Cac gia tr con lai khong can phai thay oi
Them CB: v CB nay co cung dong nh mc vi CB3 nam pha tren no nen ta ch
viec copy CB3 vao sao chep thanh mot CB th hai co cung dong nh mc. Nhap chuot vao CB mi
sao chep nay va di chuyen no ti v tr nam pha di day dan.
- Nhap chuot vao bieu tng Zero conductor nam tren thanh Element bar, mot
phan t thanh cai se xuat hien trong vung lam viec va c at nam pha di CB4.
- Nhap oi chuot vao thanh cai nay, mot hop thoai xuat hien. Trong hop thoai nay ta
lam cac bc sau:
+ Reference No: nhap vao ten TDL2 (Tu ong lc 2).
- e m rong kch thc cua thanh cai TDL2 ta lam cac bc tng t nh cac thanh
cai tren.

Them CB t tu ong lc 2 en phu tai:
- Nhap chuot vao bieu tng Low voltage circuit breaker.
- Trong hop thoai cua phan t CB nay ta nhap vao o Rated current gia tr dong nh
mc la 15A.

Them day dan, ta thc hien nh sau:
nay se gom co cac hop thoai khac.
anh dau vao o Calculation point e tnh dong ngan mach ngay tai phu tai.
2
): nhap vao tiet dien day dan la 1,5 mm
2

Cac gia tr khac ta khong can phai thay oi.
Them phu tai:
- Di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng General Load, nhap chuot vao nut
bieu tng nay, mot phan t tai se c them vao va nam pha di day dan.

- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t tai nay, mot hop thoai se xuat hien. Trong hop thoai nay
ta se nhap gia tr vao cac o sau:
+ Load current: trong o nay ta nhap vao gia tr dong nh mc cua phu tai la 11,1A.
+ Starting current (xI
L
): ta nhap vao he so m may K
mm
cua phu tai la 6.
Dong khi ong cua ong c c tnh bang cong thc sau:

L mm K
I K I =
Trong o: I
L
la dong nh mc cua ong c.
+ Power factor: nhap vao he so cong suat la 0,75.
+ Reference No: ta nhap vao ten L16 vi so 16 la k hieu mat bang cua phu tai.

Trong tu ong lc 2 nay bao gom 3 phu tai giong nhau nen ta ch viec copy phu tai
th nhat va sao chep ra thanh 2 phu tai con lai. Thc hien nh sau:
- Nhap chuot trai vao CB5.
- Nhan va gi phm SHIFT.
- Nhap chuot trai vao day dan W5 va phu tai L16. Khi o cac phan t nay se hien th
mau o.
- Nhap chuot phai vao cac oi tng nay, trong menu ta chon lenh copy.
- Nhap chuot phai vao mot v tr bat k nam ngay pha di thanh cai TDL2, chon lenh
Paste.
- Luc nay, mot phu tai th hai se c sao chep ra t phu tai th nhat va c chen
nam pha di thanh cai TDL2
- Ta tiep tuc nhap chuot phai vao mot v tr bat k pha di thanh cai nay, chon lenh
Paste e sao chep them phu tai con lai.
- Ta oi lai ten cua phu tai th 2 va 3 la L16 trong hop thoai cua cac phan t nay.
- Trong nhanh phu tai th 2 ta can thay oi lai o dai cua day dan trong o Length la
7m, oi vi phu tai th 3 la 10m. Cac thong so con lai cua cac phan t khac ta khong can thay oi.


Thc hien tng t oi vi cac tu ong lc con lai (TL1, TL3, TL4, TL5) theo so
lieu a cho phan I. Luc nay ta a thiet ke xong s o ngan mach t nguon ti phu tai cua nha
may.
d) Thiet ke s o ngan mach t tu phan phoi nha may en cac tu chieu sang trung gian:
Them CB, day dan t tu phan phoi nha may ti tu phan phoi chieu sang: v CB va
day dan nay co cung dong nh mc va tiet dien vi CB, day dan noi t tu phan phoi nha may ti tu
phan phoi san xuat nen ta ch viec copy va sao chep thanh mot nhanh th 2. Thc hien nh sau:
- Nhap chuot vao phan t CB3.
- Nhap chuot trai vao day dan W3 va CB4. Khi o cac phan t c chon nay se hien
th mau o.
- Nhap chuot phai vao cac oi tng nay, trong menu ta chon lenh copy.
- Nhap chuot phai vao mot v tr bat k nam ngay pha di thanh cai TPPNM, chon
lenh Paste.
- Luc nay, mot nhanh mach th hai se c sao chep t nhanh mach th nhat va c
chen nam pha di thanh cai TPPNM.
- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t day dan, mot hop thoai se xuat hien. Trong hop thoai
nay ch can nhap vao gia tr o dai cua day dan la 22m vao o Length, tiet dien cua day dan khong
can thay oi.
Them thanh cai, ta thc hien cac bc sau:
- Nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng Zero conductor.
- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t thanh cai nay, mot hop thoai se xuat hien. Trong hop
thoai nay ta nhap vao ten TPPCS trong o Reference No, va anh dau vao o Calculation point.
- e thay oi kch thc cua thanh cai TPPCS ta thc hien cac bc tng t nh cac
thanh cai tren.

Them CB:
- Nhap oi chuot vao nut bieu tng nam tren thanh Element bar, mot phan t CB
se c chen nam pha di thanh cai TPPCS.
ta ch can nhap gia tr dong nh mc la 50A vao o Rated current.

Them day dan:
nay lai bao gom cac hop thoai khac.
2
2

Cac gia tr khac ta khong can thay oi.
Them CB: v CB nay co cung dong nh mc vi CB nam pha tren nen ta ch can
copy CB tren vao sao chep no vao v tr nam pha di day dan.
Them tai chieu sang:
- Nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng General Load, mot phan t tai se c chen nam
pha di CB.
- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t tai nay, mot hop thoai xuat hien. Trong hop thoai nay ta
nhap vao cac gia tr sau:
+ Reference No: nhap vao ten LCS1.
+ Power factor: nhap vao he so cong suat la 0,8.
+ Cac thong so con lai ta khong can nhap gia tr vao, mac nh chung bang 0.
Ta thc hien cac bc tng t nh tren oi vi cac tu chieu sang trung gian con lai (tu
chieu sang trung gian 2, 3, 4, 5) vi so lieu a cho phan I.


e) Thiet ke tu bu cho nha may:
Them CB:
- Nhap chuot vao bieu tng nam tren thanh Element bar, mot phan t CB se xuat
hien trong vung lam viec.
- Nhap chuot vao CB nay va di chuyen no ti v tr nam pha di thanh cai TPPNM.
ta nhap vao gia tr dong nh mc cua CB la 50A.
Them tu bu: trong nha may nay c lap 3 bo tu at song song vi nhau. Ta thc
hien cac bc nh sau:
- Di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Capacitor nam tren thanh Element
bar, nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng nay, mot phan t tu se xuat hien trong vung lam viec.
- Nhap chuot vao phan t nay va keo no ti v tr nam pha di CB.

- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t tu nay, mot hop thoai xuat hien. Trong hop thoai nay ta
nhap gia tr vao cac o sau:
+ Reference No: nhap vao ten TU1.
+ Capacity: nhap vao cong suat cua bo tu la 40 kVar.
+ Power factor: nhap vao he so cong suat cua bo tu la 0,95.


Ta lam cac bc tng t nh tren oi vi hai bo tu con lai. Nh vay, ta a thiet ke
xong s o ngan mach cua toan bo nha may va ta c s o ngan mach tong the nh sau:
2. Kiem tra so lieu nhap vao cua day dan va CB a phu hp cha?
e thc hien bc nay ta di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Check skeleton
nam tren thanh Toolbar, nhap chuot vao bieu tng nay. Luc nay, may tnh se t ong kiem tra so
lieu ma ta nhap vao cho cac phan t day dan va CB co phu hp khong.
Neu xuat hien hop thoai:

co ngha la mot phan t day dan nao o co so lieu khong phu hp, phan t nay se hien th bang
mau tm. Ta phai quay tr lai bc mot e kiem tra so lieu nhap vao cua phan t day dan nay.

co ngha la tat ca so lieu nhap vao cua cac phan t day dan a phu hp. Nhap OK e ket thuc bc
nay.

3. Xem s o tong tr cua nha may c tnh theo %r:
e thc hien bc nay ta di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Impedance
map nam tren thanh Toolbar, nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng nay. May tnh se t ong chuyen oi
tr khang cua tng phan t trong s o ngan mach t %e sang %r theo cac cong thc sau:
- oi vi cac phan t day dan va thanh dan:
100 ) e (% Z
U
S
) r (% Z
2
n
m
=
- oi vi cac thiet b nh la may bien ap, may phat va cac ong c:
) e (% Z
S
S
) r (% Z
tb
m
=
Trong o:
Z(%r): tr khang tnh theo %r
Z(%e): tr khang tnh theo %e
S
m
: cong suat nh mc cua chng trnh, trong phan mem nay mac nh
S
m
=1000kVA
S
tb
: cong suat cua tng thiet b
U
n
: ien ap day
* Tnh toan cu the cho mot so phan t trong nha may:
- Tr khang cua nguon cung cap:
r % 2 , 0 100
10 500
1000
100
S
S
) r (% Z
3
tb
m
=
= = vi X/L = 25
Ta c:
=
=
1998 , 0 X
007994 , 0 R
1998 , 0 j 007994 , 0 r % 2 , 0 ) r (% Z + = =
- Tr khang cua may bien ap:
01 , 3 j 46 , 1 e % 345 , 3 ) e (% Z + = =
r % 38 , 13 345 , 3
250
1000
) e (% Z
S
S
) r (% Z
tb
m
= = =
84 , 5
345 , 3
38 , 13
46 , 1
) e (% Z
) r (% Z
) e (% R ) r (% R = = =
04 , 12
345 , 3
38 , 13
01 , 3
) e (% Z
) r (% Z
) e (% X ) r (% X = = =
04 , 12 j 84 , 5 r % 38 , 13 ) r (% Z + = =
- Tr khang cua day dan W1:
9 , 0 j 2 , 1 e % 5 , 1 ) e (% Z + = =
r % 9375 , 0 100 5 , 1
400
1000
100 ) e (% Z
U
S
) r (% Z
2 2
n
m
= = =
75 , 0
5 , 1
9375 , 0
2 , 1
) e (% Z
) r (% Z
) e (% R ) r (% R = = =
5625 , 0
5 , 1
9375 , 0
9 , 0
) e (% Z
) r (% Z
) e (% X ) r (% X = = =
5625 , 0 j 75 , 0 r % 9375 , 0 ) r (% Z + = =
- Tr khang cua may phat d phong:
e % 8 , 17 100
10 027 , 2
844 , 360
100
10 I
I
) e (% Z
3 3
acload
n
=
=
56 , 12
353 , 1
17
R
X
R
X
a
''
d
= = (1)
e % 8 , 17 X R ) e (% Z
2 2
= + = (2)
T (1) va (2) ta c:
=
=
73 , 17 X
412 , 1 R

73 , 17 j 412 , 1 e % 8 , 17 ) e (% Z + = =
r % 21 , 71 8 , 17
250
1000
) e (% Z
S
S
) r (% Z
tb
m
= = =
649 , 5
8 , 17
21 , 71
412 , 1
) e (% Z
) r (% Z
) e (% R ) r (% R = = =
93 , 70
8 , 17
21 , 71
73 , 17
) e (% Z
) r (% Z
) e (% X ) r (% X = = =
93 , 70 j 649 , 5 r % 21 , 71 ) r (% Z + = =
4. Tnh toan dong ngan mach:
e thc hien bc nay ta di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Calculation
nam tren thanh Toolbar, nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng nay. Khi o may tnh se t ong tnh toan
dong ngan mach tai cac iem ngan mach cua nha may.

* Tnh toan cu the cho mot nhanh phu tai cua nha may:
- Tnh dong ngan mach tai may bien ap:
Tr khang cua nguon cung cap:
1998 , 0 j 007994 , 0 r % 2 , 0 ) r (% Z + = =
Tr khang cua may bien ap:
04 , 12 j 84 , 5 r % 38 , 13 ) r (% Z + = =
Ta co:
85 , 5 84 , 5 007994 , 0 R
K
+ =
2398 , 12 04 , 12 1998 , 0 X
K
= + =
64 , 10 100
2398 , 12 85 , 5 400 3
1000
100
) r (% Z U 3
S
I
2 2
K n
m
N
=
+
=

= (kA)

- Tnh dong ngan mach tai tu phan phoi cua nha may (TPPNM):
Tr khang cua day dan W1:
5625 , 0 j 75 , 0 r % 9375 , 0 ) r (% Z + = =
Ta co:
6 , 6 75 , 0 85 , 5 R
K
= + =
8023 , 12 5625 , 0 2398 , 12 X
K
= + =
021 , 10 100
8023 , 12 6 , 6 400 3
1000
100
) r (% Z U 3
S
I
2 2
K n
m
N
=
+
=

= (kA)

- Tnh dong ngan mach tai tu phan phoi san xuat (TPPSX):
9375 , 10 j 219 , 4 r % 322 , 4 ) r (% Z + = =
Ta co:
819 , 10 219 , 4 6 , 6 R
K
= + =
7398 , 13 9375 , 0 8023 , 12 X
K
= + =
2535 , 8 100
7398 , 13 819 , 10 400 3
1000
100
) r (% Z U 3
S
I
2 2
K n
m
N
=
+
=

= (kA)

- Tnh dong ngan mach tai tu ong lc 1 (TDL1):
6 , 0 j 68 , 2 r % 745 , 2 ) r (% Z + = =
Ta co:
499 , 13 68 , 2 819 , 10 R
K
= + =
3398 , 14 6 , 0 7398 , 13 X
K
= + =
329 , 7 100
3398 , 14 449 , 13 400 3
1000
100
) r (% Z U 3
S
I
2 2
K n
m
N
=
+
=

= (kA)

- Tnh dong ngan mach tai phu tai L11 cua tu ong lc 1:
525 , 0 j 94 , 52 r % 94 , 52 ) r (% Z + = =
Ta co:
439 , 66 94 , 52 499 , 13 R
K
= + =
8648 , 14 525 , 0 3398 , 14 X
K
= + =
12 , 2 100
8648 , 14 439 , 66 400 3
1000
100
) r (% Z U 3
S
I
2 2
K n
m
N
=
+
=

= (kA)
- Tnh dong ngan mach tai tu phan phoi chieu sang:
825 , 0 j 712 , 3 r % 803 , 3 ) r (% Z + = =
Ta co:
312 , 10 712 , 3 6 , 6 R
K
= + =
6273 , 13 825 , 0 8023 , 12 X
K
= + =
446 , 8 100
6273 , 13 312 , 10 400 3
1000
100
) r (% Z U 3
S
I
2 2
K n
m
N
=
+
=

= (kA)
Ta tnh toan tng t oi vi cac tu ong lc va cac phu tai con lai cua nha may.

- oi vi may phat d phong, ta tnh toan dong ngan mach theo cac cong thc sau:
Trong hop thoai cua phan t may phat nay ta co c cac so lieu sau:
Tan so: 50 f = Hz
Dong nh mc cua may phat: 844 , 360 I
n
= A
ien khang qua o cua may phat: 28 X
'
d
=
ien khang sieu qua o cua may phat: 17 X
''
d
=
Hang so thi gian: 04 , 0 T
dc
=
Hang so thi gian sieu qua o: 025 , 0 T
''
d
=
ien tr cua stator: 353 , 1 R
a
=
0538 , 17 17 353 , 1 X R ) e (% Z
2 2 2 ''
d
2
a
''
e
= + = + =
116 , 2 100
0538 , 17 400 3
250
100
) e (% Z U 3
S
I
''
e n
m ''
kd
=

=

= (kA)
0327 , 28 28 353 , 1 X R ) e (% Z
2 2 2 '
d
2
a
'
e
= + = + =
287 , 1 100
0327 , 28 400 3
250
100
) e (% Z U 3
S
I
'
e n
m '
kd
=

=

= (kA)

+
+
+
+
=
e
'
d
e
e
''
d
e
''
d
''
e
X X
X
1
X X
X
1
T T
v X
e
= R
e
= 0 025 , 0 T T
''
d
''
e
= =
02 , 0
50
1
f
1
T = = =
( )
'
kd
T 2
T
'
kd
''
kd acnoload
I e I I I
' '
e
+ =

( ) 843 , 1 287 , 1 e 287 , 1 116 , 2
025 , 0 2
02 , 0
= + =

Vay dong ngan mach tai may phat:
027 , 2 843 , 1 1 , 1 I 1 , 1 I
acnoload acload
= = = (kA)

Khi xuat hien hop thoai:

Luc nay may tnh a tnh toan xong dong ngan mach, ta c ket qua dong ngan mach
nh sau:


5. T ong la chon loai CB:
e thc hien bc nay, ta di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Automatic
selection nam tren thanh Toolbar, nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng nay. Luc nay may tnh se da vao
dong ngan mach va dong nh mc cua tng CB e la chon loai CB theo dong I
Cu
phu hp cho nha
may.

Khi xuat hien hop thoai:

Luc nay may tnh a chon xong loai CB phu hp cho nha may.
Neu muon thay oi loai CB a c chon bang mot loai CB khac. Ta thc hien nh sau:
- Nhap oi chuot vao phan t CB nao can thay oi, mot hop thoai se xuat hien.
- Trong hop thoai nay ta se co mot list cac loai CB, cac loai nay a c may tnh la
chon phu hp vi dong nh mc cua CB ma ta
nhap vao. Ta muon chon loai CB nao ch can nhap
oi chuot vao loai CB o.


Ta cung co the thay oi loai CB a chon trong hop thoai Detail. Thc hien nh sau:
- Nhap chuot vao nut Detail trong hop thoai Low voltage circuit breaker. Mot hop
thoai th hai se xuat hien.
- Trong hop thoai nay ta co the thay oi cac thong so sau:
+ Manufacture: la chon hang san xuat. Trong phan mem MELSHORT2 nay ch co
hai hang san xuat: Mitsubishi electric va MEM.
+ Kind: ta co the la chon mot loai CB khac co san trong bang liet ke.
+ Type: la chon kieu CB. Ta cung co the la chon mot kieu CB co san trong bang
liet ke.
Tuy nhien trong trng hp nay ta phai chon kieu CB co dong nh mc bang hoac nho
hn so vi dong nh mc cua CB ma ta a nhap vao bc 1, neu chon loai CB co dong nh mc
ln hn th lap tc chng trnh se quay tr lai bc 1 e ta nhap lai dong nh mc cua CB cho phu
hp.

Neu muon la chon loai CB theo dong I
cs
, ta thc hien cac bc sau:
- Nhap chuot phai vao vung lam viec cua chng trnh, luc nay se xuat hien mot
menu.
- Trong menu nay ta chon lenh Automatic by I
cs
. Khi o may tnh se t ong la chon
loai CB theo dong I
cs
phu hp vi nha may.
Luc nay, cac CB nao co dong
I
cs
nho hn dong I
k3direct se c
thay the bang loai CB khac co dong I
cs
ln
hn dong I
k3direct.


e xem ng cong ac tuyen cua mot CB, ta thc hien cac bc nh sau:
- Nhap chuot vao CB ma ta muon xem ng cong, CB nay se c hien th mau o.
- Di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Create a co ordination nam tren
thanh Co ordination bar, nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng nay. Khi o se xuat hien mot ca so lam
viec cha ng cong ac tuyen cua CB ma ta mi chon.

- Hoac ta co the nhap chuot phai vao CB muon xem ng ac tuyen, mot menu se
xuat hien. Trong menu nay ta chon lenh Create a co ordination.
e them ng cong ac tuyen cua mot CB khac vao ca so Co ordination, ta thc
hien nh sau:
- Nhap chuot vao CB muon chon.
- Nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng Add to co ordination nam tren thanh Co
ordination bar. Khi o ng cong ac
tuyen cua CB ta va chon se c
them vao ca so Co ordination
View.


6. Ghep tang:
Ta di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Cascade nam tren thanh Toolbar,
nhap chuot vao nut bieu tng nay.

e thc hien phng phap ghep tang nay, ta thc hien cac bc sau:
- Nhap chuot vao mot CB ma ta muon chon, CB nay se c hien th mau o.
- Nhap chuot vao mot CB th hai, CB nay phai mac noi tiep vi CB a c chon
tren. CB nay cung se hien th mau o.
- Ta nhap tiep chuot phai vao CB nam pha di (downstream), luc nay se xuat hien
mot menu.
- Trong menu nay ta chon lenh Cascade.


Neu xuat hien mot hop thoai:

co ngha la s phoi hp ghep tang gia hai CB nay khong nam trong bang tra cho phep cua chng
trnh.
Neu s phoi hp gia hai CB nam trong bang tra cho phep ta se c ket qua nh sau:

Cu the trong v du nay ta se phoi hp ghep tang c gia cac CB sau:
- Gia CB4 va CB15.
- Gia CB39 va CB42.
- Gia CB39 va CB44.
- Gia CB39 va CB46.
S phoi hp gia cac CB con lai khong nam trong bang tra cho phep.

7. Phoi hp ac tuyen thi gian tac ong gia cac CB:
e thc hien bc nay, ta di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Discrimination
nam tren thanh Toolbar, nhap chuot vao bieu tng nay.

Ta thc hien nh sau:
- Nhap chuot vao mot CB ma ta muon chon, CB nay se c hien th mau o.
- Nhap chuot vao mot CB th hai, CB nay phai mac noi tiep vi CB a c chon
tren. CB nay cung se c hien th mau o.
- Ta nhap tiep chuot phai vao CB nam pha di (downstream), luc nay se xuat hien
mot menu.
- Trong menu nay co 4 s la chon, ta nhap chuot chon mot trong 4 s la chon nay.
a) Selective by table: la chon theo bang tra cho phep

co ngha la viec so sanh ac tuyen gia hai CB nay khong nam trong bang tra cho phep. Luc nay CB
nam pha di (downstream) se c anh dau bang mau xanh la cay va se hien th CB chosen NG
by Discrimination.
b) Selective by Inst: la chon theo dong cat tc thi I
s

Neu xuat hien hop
thoai:

Do ng cong ac tuyen cua CB upstream va downstream nam e chong len nhau
nen viec so sanh ac tuyen thi gian tac ong khong thc hien c.
Cu the trong v du nay, khi ta so sanh ac tuyen thi gian tac ong gia CB4
(upstream) va CB15 (downstream), viec so sanh khong thc hien c. Do o ta co the thay oi mot
loai CB khac cho CB15, thc hien nh sau:
- Nhap oi chuot vao CB15 (downstream), mot hop thoai se xuat hien.
- Trong hop thoai nay ta nhap chuot tiep vao nut Detail, mot hop thoai th hai se
xuat hien.
- Trong hop thoai th hai nay ta co the chon loai CB NF100 CP Low Inst 600%
hoac NF100 SP Low Inst 600% trong o Type.
- Nhap OK e ong hop thoai. Luc nay ta thc hien lai viec so sanh gia hai CB va
c ket qua nh sau:

Cung trong v du nay khi ta so sanh ng ac tuyen gia CB6 (upstream) va CB7
(downstream), se xuat hien mot hop thoai thong bao:


Do CB6 (upstream) khong co gia tr dong cat tc thi I
s
nen viec so sanh cung se
khong thc hien c. V vay ta phai thay the CB6 bang loai CB NF50 HP (MCCB fix), luc nay ta
se thc hien c viec so sanh ac tuyen gia CB6 va CB7.
c) Selective by Inst.DC: la chon theo dong cat tc thi I
s
bao gom ca thanh phan
mot chieu DC.

Do ng
cong ac tuyen cua CB upstream va downstream nam e chong len nhau nen viec so sanh ac tuyen
thi gian tac ong khong thc hien c.
Trong trng hp nay ta cung se so sanh ng cong ac tuyen gia CB4
(upstream) va CB15 (downstream), viec so sanh gia 2 CB nay cung khong thc hien c.
Ta cung lam cac bc tng t nh trng hp tren e thay the mot loai CB khac
cho CB15 (downtream). Sau o ta th hien lai viec so sanh gia hai CB nay va ta c ket qua nh
sau:
Trong o:
785 , 1
42 , 1
792 , 1 2
K
I 2
I
p
inst
S
=
= (kA)


Neu CB upstream khong co dong I
s
th ta cung thc hien cac bc tng t nh
trng hp tren.
d) Selective by Inst with current limiting: la chon bang dong cat gii han
Trong v du nay khi ta so sanh ng ac tuyen gia CB39 vi CB42, luc nay se
xuat hien mot hop thoai thong bao:

Viec ke noi gia hai CB nay
nam ngoai ng cong gii han dong.
Khi ta so sanh ng ac tuyen gia CB4 va CB15, luc nay se xuat hien mot bang
thong bao:

Co ngha la ng cong gii han dong khong co trong d lieu cua chng trnh.

8. Xem bang thong so nhap vao va ket qua tnh toan cua nha may:
e thc hien bc nay ta di chuyen con tro chuot ti nut bieu tng Reports nam
tren thanh Toolbar, nhap chuot vao bieu tng nay. Khi o chng trnh se m mot ca so lam viec
cha cac bang thong so ve d lieu va ket qua tnh toan cua tng phan t.

Trong ca so lam viec nay ta co tat ca 6 bang thong so:
- Data of elements: trong bang bao cao nay cho ta biet so lieu nhap vao cua tng phan
t trong nha may vi ket qua tnh toan cua chng trnh nh la tr khang cua tng phan t, dong
ngan mach va lc ien t. . .
- Calculation results: bang bao cao nay cho ta biet ket qua tnh toan tr khang %r cua
tng phan t, dong ngan mach 3 pha oi xng va bat oi xng, tr nh cua dong ngan mach va dong
ngan mach 3 pha tong.
- Results of automatic selection: bang bao cao nay cho ta biet ket qua la chon loai
CB cho nha may.
- Back up protection: bang bao cao nay cho ta biet ket qua phoi hp ghep tang gia
cac CB.
- Discrimination results: bang bao cao nay cho ta biet ket qua phoi hp ng cong
ac tuyen gia cac CB theo 4 trng hp cu the.
9. ong ng dung:
- Lu tr cong viec va thc hien xong. Nhap vao nut tren thanh cong cu Toolbar.
- Thoat khoi chng trnh. M Menu File chon lenh Exit.

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Chng 6: V du hng dan ap dung GVHD: Phan Th Thanh Bnh

SVTH: LE MAU HUNG Trang 49

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