NGHIN CU CNG NGH MAN-E V NG DNG TRN MNG VIN THNG PH TH
NGNH : K THUT IN T M S :. 60.52.7023.04.3898
LUN VN THC S K THUT
H NI 2009
Lun vn c hon thnh ti: Hc vin Cng ngh Bu chnh Vin thng
Ngi hng dn khoa hc: TS. Hong Vn V
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Lun vn s c bo v trc hi ng chm lun vn ti Hc vin Cng ngh Bu chnh Vin thng Vo lc: ....... gi ....... ngy ....... thng ....... nm 2009
C th tm hiu lun vn ti: Th vin Hc vin Cng ngh Bu chnh Vin thng
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M U Trong nhng nm gn y, s pht trin mnh v kinh t, x hi v vn ho trong mi trng cc th v thnh ph ln dn n nhu cu trao i thng tin l rt ln, a dng c v loi hnh dch v, tc . ng thi, vi s hnh thnh v pht trin bng n cc t hp vn phng, cc khu cng nghip, cng ngh cao, cc khu chung c... v thm vo l cc d n pht trin thng tin ca chnh ph, cc cc c quan, cc cng ty, lm cho nhu cu trao i thng tin nh ting ni, d liu, hnh nh, .. tng t bin. p ng c nhu cu trao i thng tin , c s h tng mng truyn thng ca cc khu th, cc thnh ph cn phi c kh nng linh hot cao, tc truyn dn ln, bng thng rng, dung lng ln v a dch v. Hin ti, cc mng ni b LAN (Local Area Network) ca cc c quan, x nghip ch c th p ng c nhu cu trao i thng tin vi phm vi a l rt hp. ng thi, cc mng truy nhp hin ti vi cng ngh ch yu l TDM (chuyn mch knh PSTN, cng ngh SDH) khng th p ng nhu cu trao i thng tin hin nay ca x hi c v loi hnh dch v v lu lng. Do , vic tm kim cc cng ngh xy dng mt c s h tng mng th MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) p ng c yu cu trao i thng tin ni trn l cp thit i vi nhng nh cung cp dch v Vin thng trn th gii ni chung v Vit Nam ni ring. Trn th gii, cc nh cung cp cc dch v Vin thng tp trung nghin cu, pht trin v ngy cng hon thin cc gii php cng ngh cho cc th v cc thnh ph ln. Trong , vi nhng u vit ca mnh nn gii php cng ngh MAN-E 2
(Metropolitan Area Network-Ethernet) c rt nhiu nh cung cp cc dch v Vin thng p dng trin khai. i vi nc ta, cc cng ty Vin thng trong nc, c bit l Tp on Bu chnh Vin thng Vit Nam, ang u t trin khai MAN-E cho cc khu th, cho cc thnh ph ca nc ta. Chnh v vy, vic nghin cu MAN-E v ng dng cho cc khu th, cho cc thnh ph ca nc ta l mt vn cp thit. Vi s ham mun nghin cu gii php cng ngh MAN-E v xem xt kh nng ng dng cho Vin thng Ph Th giai on 2009-2010, em chn ti: Nghin cu cng ngh MAN-E v ng dng trn mng Vin thng Ph Th lm ti nghin cu cho lun vn tt nghip vi hy vng l lm ch c gii php cng ngh MAN-E v mong mun c ng gp mt phn trong vic trin khai MAN-E trn a bn tnh Ph Th. thc hin c mc tiu , ti lun vn tp trung thc hin cc ni dung chnh sau: I. Tng quan v MAN-E: Gii thiu v MAN-E. II. Mng th MAN v xu hng pht trin: Phn ny tc gi gii thiu tng th s lc v MAN, cc cng ngh s dng trong MAN, xu hng pht trin ca mng th. III. Gii php truyn ti Ethernet trong MAN (MAN-E): Trong phn ny tc gi trnh chi tit hn v gii php truyn ti Ethernet trong MAN, ch ra cu hnh MAN- E cho mt tnh v phng n kt ni MAN-E ca cc tnh trn mng Vin thng. IV. ng dng MAN-E trn mng Vin thng Ph Th: Phn ny ch yu phn tch, nh gi v la chn cng ngh p dng xy dng mng th cho mng Vin 3
thng tnh Ph Th. Cc phng php thit k v tnh ton dung lng trong MAN-E ca VNPT v ng dng cho Vin thng Ph Th. Do thi gian v hiu bit cn hn ch, ti khng th trnh khi thiu st, knh mong nhn c nhng kin ng gp ca cc thy gio, c gio v cc bn. I. TNG QUAN V MAN-E Trong nhng nm gn y, s pht trin mnh v kinh t, x hi v vn ho trong mi trng cc th v thnh ph ln dn n nhu cu trao i thng tin l rt ln, a dng c v loi hnh dch v, tc . p ng c nhu cu trao i thng tin , MAN-quang (MAN- Metropolitan Area Network) vi kh nng linh hot cao, tc truyn dn ln, bng thng rng, dung lng ln v a dch v l mt gii php c s h tng mng truyn thng ch o ca cc khu th, cc thnh ph. truyn ti thng tin v pht huy hiu qu c s h tng MAN-quang, ngi ta s dng nhiu gii php cng ngh khc nhau, nh: cng ngh SDH-NG, cng ngh WDM, cng ngh RPR, cng ngh Gigabit Ethernet, cng ngh ATM, cng ngh MPLS, ... Tuy nhin, vn t ra cho cc nh xy dng v cung cp dch v MAN l trn c s mc tiu xy dng mng cn phi la chn c cng nhng cng ngh ph hp p dng vo vic xy dng mng. Trn c s nhng cng ngh mng c la chn, cc nh thit k mng s xy dng nhng cu hnh mng thch hp, la chn thit b ph hp xy dng c mng p ng vi nhng mc tiu ra ban u. Cng ngh Ethernet v Gigabit Ethernet c nhng u im ni bt nh: c kh nng h tr rt tt cho ng dng truyn ti d 4
liu tc cao v c c tnh lu lng mng tnh t bin v tnh bng n; Trc kia, Ethernet l cng ngh thng lnh trong cc mng ni b LAN, l cng ngh ch o trong hu ht cc vn phng trn ton th gii v hin nay c dng ngay c trong cc h gia nh chia s cc ng dy truy nhp bng rng gia cc thit b vi nhau. c bit tt c cc my tnh c nhn u c kt ni bng Ehernet v ngy cng nhiu thit b truy nhp dng n cng ngh ny. Cng vi s pht trin ca cng ngh thng tin, tc Ethernet c ci thin t Mbps ln Gbps v 10Gbps. Song song vi n, phng tin truyn trong mng Ethernet cng chuyn dn t cp ng sang cp quang v cu hnh cng pht trin t cu trc Bus dng chung ln cu trc mng chuyn mch. y l nhng nhn t quan trng xy dng cc mng c dung lng cao, cht lng cao, v hiu xut cao, p ng c nhng i hi ngy cng kht khe ca yu cu v cht lng dch v (QoS). Vic s dng cng ngh Ethernet v Gigabit Ethernet trong mng th to nn mt gii php mng hu hiu truyn ti thng tin trong cc th, gi l gii php MAN-E hay MEN. II. MNG TH-MAN V XU HNG PHT TRIN 2.1. Gii thiu v MAN. Mng th MAN l mt mng cung cp a dch v trong phm vi mt thnh ph, th. Vai tr ca n tng t nh vai tr ca mt nh cung cp dch v Internet nhng c mt im khc l c xy dng hng ti i tng phc v ch yu l lin kt trao i lu lng ca cc mng cc b LAN c dung lng v kch c mng ln. Qui m ca MAN c th bao ph ton b mt thnh ph hoc ch l mt mng lin kt mt vi khu nh 5
(chung c, khu cng ngh/cng nghip, cc c quan t chc, cc trng i hc, vin nghin cu) vi nhau. Thit b MAN c th c xy dng v qun l bi nhiu t chc khc nhau hoc ch vi mt nh cung cp dch v MAN duy nht. Cc cng ngh c la chn p dng xy dng MAN ch yu tp trung vo 6 loi cng ngh chnh l: IP/ATM. WDM. SONET/SDH-NG. Ethernet/Giagabit Ethernet (GbE). RPR. Chuyn mch kt ni MPLS/GMPLS. Cc cng ngh ny c xy dng khc nhau c phm vi v cc phng thc m chng s c s dng. Trong mt s trng hp, cc nh cung cp c s h tng li trin khai cng mt cng ngh cho cc ng dng khc nhau. V d, GbE c th c s dng cung cp nng lc truyn ti c s hoc cung cp cc dch v gi Ethernet trc tip n khch hng. 2.2. Cu trc tng quan ca MAN. 2.2.1. Cu trc phn lp dch v. Theo cu trc ny, MAN c chia thnh 2 lp: Lp mng li (Core) v lp truy nhp (Access). + Lp truy nhp thc hin chc nng tch hp cc loi hnh dch v bao gm c dch v t ngi s dng v dch v mng. Lp mng ny thc thi kt ni cung cp cc loi hnh dch v xut pht t mng truy nhp ng dng bi nhiu cng ngh truy nhp khc nhau nh: cc dch v trn c s cng ngh Ethernet, ATM, Frame Relay, DSL, cp ng, cp quang... v vi nhiu loi giao din khc nhau. 6
+ Lp mng li thc hin chc nng truyn ti lu lng tch hp trong mng th mt cch hp l; lp ny thc hin chc nng nh tuyn truyn ti lu lng trong ni vng th hoc chuyn giao lu lng vi mng trc (backbone). Mng th thc hin tip cn vi rt nhiu loi hnh ng dng v giao thc giao thc truyn ti cn phi truyn mt cch trong sut gia ngi s dng hoc cc mng vn phng vi nhau. Do vy vn t ra l cn phi cn nhc gia mc tiu l truyn lu lng trong sut v t hiu sut s dng mng cao, l mt bi ton t ra i vi cc nh xy dng mng th. N s quyt nh n chin lc trin khai mng v dch v cng nh nh vic la chn nh cung cp thit b mng. 2.2.2. Cu trc phn lp chc nng. Theo cu trc phn lp chc nng, MAN c th phn chia thnh 2 lp mng: lp mng bin v lp mng li. Trong mi lp mng c th b tr cc thit b mng c chc nng khc nhau thc thi cc chc nng cn phi thc hin ca lp mng ny ty thuc vo mc tiu, qui m, kch c ca MAN cn phi xy dng. 2.3. Cc cng ngh s dng trong mng th MAN. 2.3.1. Cng ngh IP/ATM-MAN. Cng ngh ATM tng c s dng nh l cng ngh ch yu trong mng Backbone ngay t ln u c a ra thng mi u nhng nm 1990. ATM c thit k nhm ti u ha truyn ti nhiu loi thng tin khc nhau nh : d liu, voice, video p ng c yu cu thi gian thc v p ng c yu cu v QoS cho mi loi thng tin. thc hin yu cu ny, rt nhiu chc nng v giao thc c thit lp trn nn cng ngh ATM: PNNI (Private Network Node Interface) cung cp cc chc nng kiu OSPF cho tn hiu v dn hng cho thng tin v QoS 7
trong ton mng ATM, a giao thc trn ATM (MPOA) cho php thit lp nhng kt ni tt gia cc im hay h thng trong cc mng con khc nhau, khc phc c hin tng nghn c chai xy ra gia cc router v cc chc nng nng cao kh nng kt ni vt l. Hin nay vic truyn ti tn hiu IP qua ATM trn cc mng thng tin quang c thc hin ch yu qua hai phng thc: IP/ATM/SDH/WDM v IP/ATM/WDM. 2.3.2. Cng ngh WDM-MAN. Cng ngh ghp knh theo bc sng WDM hay DWDM l cng ngh truyn ti trn si quang xy dng v pht trin t nhng nm 90 ca th k trc. Cc h thng WDM hin nay c tc truyn dn knh 2,5Gbps hoc 10Gbps v c th tch hp ti 100 bc sng trn mt si quang cho php truyn dn dung lng hng ngn Gigabit trn mt si quang (Cc h thng WDM tc Terabits ghp trn mt si quang c th nghim trong cc phng th nghim trn th gii v ha hn nhiu ng dng trong thc t). Nguyn l c bn ca cng ngh ny l thc hin truyn ng thi cc tn hiu quang thuc nhiu bc sng khc nhau trn mt si quang. Bng tn truyn ti thch hp ca trn si quang c phn chia thnh nhng bc sng chun vi khong cch thch hp gia cc bc sng ( c chun ha bi tiu chun G.692 ca ITU-T), mi bc sng c th truyn ti mt lung thng tin c tc ln (chng hn lung thng tin s tc 10Gbt/s). Do , cng ngh WDM cho php xy dng nhng h thng truyn ti thng tin quang c dung lng gp nhiu ln so vi h thng thng tin quang n bc sng. Hin ti, sn phm v cc h thng truyn dn WDM c sn xut bi nhiu hng sn xut thit b vin thng v c trin khai trn mng ca nhiu nh cung cp dch v vin thng trn th gii. 8
Mng WDM c th thit lp cc cu hnh im ni im, ring v mesh. Vic chuyn i hay nng cp gia cc cu hnh tng i linh hot. 2.3.3. Cng ngh SDH-NG-MAN. Cng ngh SDH hin ti l cng ngh truyn dn c p dng ph bin nht trong mng ca nhng nh cung cp dch v trn th gii. Cng ngh SDH c xy dng trn c s h thng phn cp ghp knh ng b TDM vi cu trc phn cp ghp knh STM-N cho php cung cp cc giao din truyn dn tc t vi Mbt/s ti vi Gigabt/s. c tnh ghp knh TDM v phn cp ghp knh ng b ca cng ngh SDH cho php cung cp cc knh truyn dn c bng thng c nh v c tin cy cao vi vic p dng cc cho ch phc hi v bo v, c ch qun l h thng theo cu trc t-p mng ph hp v c chun ha bi cc tiu chun ca ITU-T. T trc ti nay cng ngh truyn dn SDH c xy dng ch yu cho vic ti u truyn ti lu lng thoi. Theo nhng d bo v phn tch v th trng mng vin thng gn y, cc doanh nghip c s gia tng mnh m cc loi hnh dch v truyn d liu v c xu hng chuyn dn lu lng ca cc dch v thoi sang truyn ti theo cc giao thc truyn d liu (v d nh dch v thoi qua IP (VoIP).. Trong khi , cc c s h tng mng SDH hin c kh c kh nng p ng nhu cu truyn ti lu lng gia tng trong tng lai gn. Do vy yu cu t ra l cn phi c mt c s h tng truyn ti mi c th ng thi truyn ti trn n lu lng ca h thng SDH hin c v lu lng ca cc loi hnh dch v mi khi chng c trin khai. chnh l l do ca vic hnh thnh mt hng mi ca cng ngh SDH, l SDH th h k tip SDH-NG. 9
2.3.4. Cng ngh Ring gi t hi phc. Khc vi cc cng ngh truyn dn truyn thng nh SONET/SDH, vng Ring RPR c cu trc gm hai vng cp quang, trong , mt vng pha trong (Inner Ring) v mt vng pha ngoi (Outer Ring), cc gi c truyn trn hai vng Ring ny theo hai hng ngc chiu nhau. Mi vng c th s dng mang ng thi c cc gi d liu v cc gi iu khin. Cc vng Ring ny (Outer Ring v Innner Ring), c tnh cht h tr ln nhau, va m bo vic nng cao lu lng truyn dn va m nhn chc nng bo v khi c s c trn h thng. RPR s dng giao thc iu khin truy nhp MAC mi Spatial Reuse Protocol do IETF chun ho trong RFC s 2892 ng gi d liu trong mng c cu hnh Ring kp. Thit b IP vi vi giao din RPR c th kt ni vi thit b SDH hay s dng h thng cp quang hin c m khng cn thit b SDH na. iu ny cho php gim mc chi ph u t v tng hiu qu qun l mng ln rt nhiu. RPR cn cho php cc thit b trn mng t ng pht hin ra topology mng, pht hin v khi phc vng ring khi cp quang bi t vi thi gian hi phc l 30 n 50ms. Vic pht trin v hi phc topo mng hon ton c thc hin lp MAC do khng nh hng n lu lng ang truyn ti trn lp IP cng nh khng cn s than gia ca lp 3 trong vic ny. RPR cho php kim sot mc s dng bng thng trn mng nhm s dng hiu qu nht thng lng ng truyn. D liu c th truyn song song theo c hai hng, trn c vng Ring chnh v vng Ring backup nh trong khi nim ca SONET/SDH, nh vy khai thc ti a hiu qu ca cp quang. c bit l khc so vi cc giao thc trn mng Ring khc, d liu ch c truyn 10
gia thit b truyn v nhn trn Ring ch khng phi qua cc node trung gian. Nh vy ng thi c th c nhiu l lng khc nhau trn Ring v cc thit b trung gian khng h phi chu ti lu lng ca cc node khc. Cui cng, RPR c h tr ring cho lu lng dng multicast trong cc ng dng nh thoi v video nhm tit kim bng thng trn mng. Chnh v vy ngay c khi c phn overhead cao hn so vi POS, hiu sut chung ca RPR li cao hn v thit b r tin hn. 2.3.5. Cng ngh chuyn mch MPLS/GMPLS. S pht trin a dng ca cc ng dng da trn cng ngh gi, in hnh l giao thc IP, ko theo s bng n lu lng c ngun gc phi thoi trong nhng nm qua v lm thay i bn cht lu lng truyn ti trn mng. Vi nm trc y, nh tuyn IP pht trin thm tnh nng mi di nh hng ca mt cng ngh mi, l chuyn mch nhn a giao thc (MPLS) v cng vic hin ti l hng MPLS thnh mt mng iu khin khng ch n thun s dng cho b nh tuyn m cn vi thit b c nh SDH v thit b mi nh OXC. Nhng n lc ny to ra mng iu khin chung chun ho, mt phn t thit yu trong s pht trin ca mng quang m v tng hp. Trc ht, mt mng iu khin chung s lm n gin ho hot ng khai thc v bo dng, do gim c chi ph vn hnh mng. Tip n, mng iu khin chung cung cp mt lot kch bn pht trin t m hnh xp chng n m hnh ng cp, y m hnh xp chng c thc hin bng cch s dng tp hp con tnh nng ca m hnh ng cp. thc hin tng trn, mt s sa i v thm tnh nng vo giao thc nh tuyn v bo hiu MPLS thch ng vi c 11
tnh ring ca chuyn mch quang cn c thc hin. Nhng cng vic ny c m nhim bi t chc IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). GMPLS (Generalized MPLS) l tn gi mi ca giao thc MPLS c m rng thnh mng iu khin chung cho mng truyn ti th h sau. Chuyn mch nhn a giao thc (MPLS) l mt cng ngh mi xut hin nhng chim c lng tin ca ngi s dng, nh s tch hp m hnh pht chuyn trao i nhn vi nh tuyn lp mng. Nhng n lc ban u ca MPLS tp trung vo IPv4 h tr cc giao thc nh tuyn IP tm ng kt ni trong mng. Tuy nhin, MPLS cng cung cp kh nng thit k lu lng: chuyn lung lu lng t cc tuyn ngn nht c xc nh theo thut ton ca giao thc nh tuyn n tuyn c tim n nghn thp nht qua mng. 2.3.6. Cng ngh GigaE_MAN. Trong vng ba thp k qua, Ethernet l cng ngh thng lnh trong cc mng ni b LAN, l cng ngh ch o trong hu ht cc vn phng trn ton th gii v hin nay c dng ngay c trong cc h gia nh chia s cc ng dy truy nhp bng rng gia cc thit b vi nhau. c bit tt c cc my tnh c nhn u c kt ni bng Ethernet v ngy cng nhiu thit b truy nhp dng n cng ngh ny. C nhiu l do gii thch ti sao Ethernet c s thnh cng nh vy trong c cc doanh nghip ln cc h gia nh bi tnh d s dng, linh hat v hiu qu v chi ph. 12
III. GII PHP TRUYN TI ETHERNET TRONG MAN (MAN-E) 3.4. Cu trc mng MAN-E. Kin trc mng Metro da trn cng ngh Ethernet in hnh c th m t nh hnh 3.1.
Hnh 3.1. Cu trc mng MAN-E in hnh Phn mng truy nhp Metro tp hp lu lng t cc khu vc (c quan, to nh,...) trong khu vc ca mng Metro. M hnh in hnh thng c xy dng xung quanh cc vng Ring quang vi mi vng Ring truy nhp Metro gm t 5 n 10 node. Nhng vng Ring ny mang lu lng t cc khch hng khc nhau n cc im POP m cc im ny c kt ni vi nhau bng mng li Metro. Mt mng li Metro in hnh s bao ph - c nhiu thnh ph hoc mt khu vc tp trung nhiu doanh nghip. 3.5. Cc dch v cung cp qua MAN-E. 3.5.1. M hnh dch v Ethernet. xc nh cc loi hnh dch v cung cp qua mi trng Ethernet, trc ht cn xem xt m hnh tng qut. M hnh dch v Ethernet l m hnh chung cho cc dch v Ethernet, c xy 13
dng trn da trn c s s dng cc thit b khch hng truy cp cc dch v. Trong m hnh ny s nh ngha cc thnh phn c bn cu thnh dch v cng nh mt s c tnh c bn cho mi loi hnh dch v. Nhn chung cc dch v Ethernet u c chung mt s c im, tuy nhin vn c mt s c tnh c trng khc nhau cho tng dch v ring. M hnh c bn cho cc dch v Ethernet Metro nh ch ra trn Hnh 3.2.
Hnh 3.2. M hnh cung cp cc dch v Ethernet qua MAN Trong m hnh ny ch yu cp n cc kt ni mng m trong thu bao c xem l mt pha ca kt ni khi trnh by v cc ng dng thu bao. Tuy nhin cng c th c nhiu thu bao (UNI) kt ni n MAN t cng mt v tr. Trn c s cc dch v chung c xc nh trong m hnh, nh cung cp dch v c th trin khai cc dch v c th tu theo nhu cu khch hng. Nhng dch v ny c th c truyn qua cc mi trng v cc giao thc khc nhau trong MAN nh SONET, DWDM, MPLS, GFP, .... Tuy nhin, xt t gc khch hng th cc kt ni mng xut pht t pha khch hng ca giao din UNI l cc kt ni Ethernet. 14
3.5.2. Cc loi dch v Ethernet Hin ti cc dch v Ethernet c chia thnh 2 loi ln: Cc ng Ethernet ring, chy trn h tng SONET/SDH hoc trn LAN trong sut qua cc chuyn mch (best-effort) v si quang hin cha s dng. 3.5.2.1. Dch v ng Ethernet Dch v ng Ethernet cung cp kt ni o Ethernet im - im (EVC) gia hai UNI nh minh ho trn Hnh 3.3. Dch v E -Line c s dng cho kt ni im - im.
Hnh 3.3. Kt ni o Ethernet im - im (EVC) qua MAN Dch v E-Line c th cung cp bng tn i xng cho truyn s liu theo hai hng. dng phc tp hn n c th to ra tc thng tin tt nht (CIR) v kch thc khi tt nht (CBS), tc thng tin nh v kch thc khi nh tr, jitter, mt mt thc hin gia hai UNI c tc khc nhau. Nhn chung dch v E-Line c th c s dng xy dng cc dch v tng t cho chuyn tip khung hoc cc ng thu ring. Tuy nhin, di bng tn v cc kh nng kt ni ca n ln hn nhiu. 3.5.2.2. Dch v LAN Ethernet: Dch v LAN Ethernet cung cp cc kt ni a im, chng hn c th kt ni mt s UNI vi nhau nh ch ra Hnh 3.4. 15
Hnh 3.4. M hnh kt ni a im S liu thu bao gi t mt UNI c th c nhn ti mt hoc nhiu UNI khc. Mi UNI c kt ni n mt EVC a im. Khi c cc UNI thm vo, chng c kt ni n cng EVC a im do n gin ho qu trnh cung cp v kch hot dch v. 3.5.2.3. Dch v E-LAN theo cu hnh im - im. Dch v E-LAN c th c s dng kt ni ch hai UNI, iu ny dng nh tng t vi dch v E-Line nhng y c mt s khc bit ng k. Vi dch v E-Line, khi mt UNI c thm vo, mt EVC cng phi c b sung kt ni UNI mi n mt trong cc UNI tn ti. Hnh 3.5 minh ho khi mt UNI c thm vo v s c mt EVC mi c b sung tt c cc UNI c th kt ni c vi nhau khi dng dch vu E-Line. 16
Hnh 3.5. Qu trnh thc hin khi thm mt UNI vo MAN Vi dch v E LAN, khi UNI mi cn thm vo EVC a im th khng cn b sung EVC mi v dch v E-LAN s dng EVC a im - a im. Dch v ny cng cho php UNI mi trao i thng tin vi tt c cc UNI khc trn mng. Trong khi vi dch v E-Line th cn c cc EVC n tt c cc UNI. Do , dch v E-LAN ch yu cu mt EVC thc hin kt ni nhiu bn vi nhau. Tm li, dch v E-LAN c th kt ni mt s lng ln cc UNI v s t phc tp hn khi dng theo dng li hoc hub v cc kt ni s dng cc k thut kt ni im - im nh Frame Relay hoc ATM. Hn na, dch v E-LAN c th c s dng to mt lot dch v nh mng LAN ring v cc dch v LAN ring o, trn c s ny c th trin khai cc dch v khch hng.
IV. NG DNG MAN-E TRN MNG VIN THNG PH TH 4.6. La chn gii php cng ngh. 4.6.1. C s la chn cng ngh. - Cn c vo xu hng trin khai cng ngh p dng xy 17
dng MAN ca cc hng cung cp gii php mng hng u trn th gii. - Cn c vo yu cu, mc tiu xy dng MAN ca VNPT, Vin thng Ph Th v c th, thc trng hin ti ca mng vin thng Ph Th hin nay. - Cn c vo mt s tiu ch nh gi ch yu ca vic la chn gii php cng ngh p dng xy dng MAN. 4.6.2. Hng la chn cng ngh. 4.6.2.1. i vi lp mng truy nhp khch hng MAN. S dng cng ngh ch o l cng ngh Ethernet (Fast Ethernet v Gigabit Ethernet). 4.6.2.2. i vi lp mng tp trung, tch hp dch v MAN. Do tnh cht ca lp mng ny l ngoi vic thc hin tp trung lu lng t lp truy nhp khch hng, n cn phi thc hin chc nng kt ni vi cc c s h tng mng khc nh l ATM, Frame Relay, xDSL, PSTN,... do vy phn lp mng ny phi thc hin phi hp lm vic vi nhiu loi giao thc khc nhau, do vy cng ngh p dng cho lp mng ny thc hin theo cng ngh chuyn mch nh tuyn a giao thc, trn c s cng ngh MPLS vi nhng l do sau: - MPLS h tr truyn ti lu lng ATM - MPLS h tr truyn ti lu lng Ethernet - MPLS kt hp vi cng ngh IP 4.6.2.3. i vi lp mng li MAN. Chc nng thc hin ca mng li MAN cn phi p ng c nhu cu truyn ti lu lng trong mng mt cch hiu qu c th hin cc kha cnh di y: 18
- Ti u ha v truyn ti lu lng ph hp vi kch c v dung lng h thng, hnh thi lu lng trao i trong mng v t c hiu sut s dng ng thng cao. - H tr truyn ti a dch v, a giao thc bao gm c cc dch v s dng phn lp cao (lp 3) v phn lp thp (dch v lp 2). - Thc hin trn mt h tng qun l mng thng nht, trnh s chng cho v qun l. - C kh nng m rng v nng cp khi nhu cu lu lng tng. 4.6.3. Mt s tiu ch khi la chn cng ngh. Mt iu cn phi khng nh rng: MAN th h mi c xy dng l t hp ca cc cng ngh truyn dn, cng ngh chuyn mch/nh tuyn c la chn. Do vy chng ta ch c th la chn gii php cng ngh xy dng MAN da trn t hp cng ngh truyn dn, chuyn mch no t c nhng tiu ch c th ra trc khi xy dng mng. xc nh cng ngh no c la chn, trc ht cn phi xc nh c nhng tiu ch ch yu cho vic xy dng mng. Cc tiu ch ch yu l: Nng lc truyn ti ca mng, gi thnh ca mng, kh nng cung cp v m rng mng. 4.7. Cu hnh MAN-E Vin thng Ph Th giai on 2009- 2010. Cn c vo hin trng h thng cp quang, cng b, nh trm hin c v nhu cu v cc ng truyn s liu phn b trn mng vin thng Ph Th, MAN-E ca vin thng Ph Th c t chc nh hnh di y: - Cp I: T chc theo cc vng cp quang cp II vi cc node tp trung ch yu t cng v tr vi cc tng i host ca 19
mng thoi. Cp mng ny to thnh vng ng trc cung cp kt ni gia cc vng phc v khc nhau trn ton tnh. Protocol Stack trn mng cp I l IP/MPLS/RPR/Fiber. - Cp II: T chc theo cc vng cp quang cp III hin c, vi cc node tp trung ch yu t cng v tr vi cc tng i v tinh hoc cc trung tm huyn th. Protocol Stack trn mng cp II l IP/MPLS/Fiber. - Cp tip cn khch hng: T chc theo cu trc hnh cy kt ni t cc node nm trn cc vng ring cp II ti v tr ca khch hng. Protocol Stack trn mng cp III l IP/Ethernet/ (Fiber/Copper,....). Kt qu iu tra kho st cho thy cc khch hng tim nng b tr rt phn tn, v vy vic u t xy dng ngay ton b h thng theo ng cu trc mng nu trn s gp nhiu kh khn trong vic trin khai cng nh trong cng tc qun l, ng thi cng cha em li hiu qu r rng v mt kinh t. Trong giai on ti, c c s nh gi c tnh k thut v hiu qu kinh t ca dch v truyn s liu tc cao, cn c vo cc s liu kho st thu thp c, tc gi xin xut cu hnh MAN-E trn a bn tnh Ph Th giai on 2009-2010 vi cu hnh nh hnh 4.1 di y. 20
Hnh 4.1. Cu trc MAN-E Vin thng Ph Th giai on 2009-2010 - Cp I: Bao gm 02 thit b Core CES ti 02 trm l Vit Tr v Ph Th, y l nhng ni tp trung lu lng rt ln. Ti Vit Tr v Ph Th s u ni ln BRAS v PE ca VTN t ti Vit Tr. Hin ti c trm Vin thng ca VTN t ti Vit Tr nn vic u ni t trm Vit Tr sang VTN l rt thun tin. - Cp II: Bao gm 12 thit b Access CES ti 12 trm trng im ca tnh nh l trung tm tnh, huyn v khu cng nghip. Trong c 9 im l trung tm ca cc huyn, th v 3 im l cc khu cng nghip v im tp trung dn c c lu lng ln. Cc thit b Access CES ny s kt ni vi nhau v to nn cc Ring. 21
KT LUN Lun vn gm 4 phn bt u bng vic gii thiu v MAN- E, tng quan v MAN, tip n l phn tch u, nhc im, kh nng ng dng v so snh gia cc cng ngh, cui cng l xut xy dng MAN ca tnh Ph Th. Cc vn chnh lun vn t c l: - Nm c cc cng ngh xy dng MAN nh: GbE, NG- SDH, RPR, MPLS/GMPLS, IP/ATM. - Phn tch c cc u, nhc im, kh nng ng dng v so snh gia cc cng ngh, xut cng ngh thch hp cho MAN-E ca tnh Ph Th. - Kho st, nm c thc trng mng truyn s liu hin nay v xut xy dng cu hnh MAN-E giai on 2009-2010 ca Vin thng Ph Th.