LI NI U

Ngy nay, vi s bng n ca ngnh cng nghip truyn thng, cc phng tin
thng tin lin lc c nh cng nh di ng c s dng trong hu ht mi hot
ng sinh hot, lao ng sn xut hng ngy. c rt nhiu h thng thng tin v
tuyn c trin khai nhm p ng nhu cu s dng ngy cng cao ca con ngi.
Bn cnh s bng n v cng ngh li, gia cc nh sn xut cn c s chy ua v
mt cng ngh ch to to ra nhng thit b di ng ngy cng nh gn, tha mn
nhu cu di ng ca con ngi.
Anten l thit b truyn t v thu nhn tn hiu, n l thnh phn quan trng
u tin m mi thit b di ng u phi c. c th tch hp trong cc thit b di
ng ngy cng nh, yu cu t ra l phi thu nh kch thc anten m vn m bo
cc ch tiu k thut cng nh hiu sut bc x. T u nhng nm 1970, s ra i
v i vo ng dng ca anten vi di gii quyt c phn no vn ny. c
im ni bt ca n l kch thc nh gn, d ch to v c bit d dng tch hp
vi h thng x l tn hiu. Ngy nay, anten vi di c s dng rt rng ri trong
cng ngh di dng, mng WLAN, anten thng minh v cc h thng tch hp siu
cao tn.
Mc ch ca ti l nghin cu anten vi di v p dng thit k anten cho
h thng WLAN 2.4 GHz (2400 2485 MHz) v LTE 2.6 GHz (2500 2690
MHz). Trn c s , ch to v th nghim anten chng minh rng vi kch thc
nh gn v cc ch tiu k thut m bo, anten ch to ra hon ton c th tch hp
c vo cc thit b cm tay hin nay.
Qua qu trnh nghin cu l thuyt v tin hnh m phng, nhm tin hnh
ch to v th nghim mt mu anten. Kt qu thc t cho thy anten xut hon
ton c th p ng yu cu m nhm t ra. Di tn hot ng bao ph hon
ton di tn ca WLAN 2.4 GHz v 4G LTE 2.6 GHz, bc x ng hng vi gain >
1.6 dBi m bo cho anten thu tt tn hiu t mi pha, kch thc nh gn, cu trc
n gin, d ch to. Qu trnh phn tch, thit k, ch to v th nghim s c trnh
by r hn trong nhng phn sau.
Nhm xin gi li cm n chn thnh nht n PGS. TS. V Vn Ym, ngi
theo di st sao v hng dn tn tnh nhm c th hon thnh ti ny. Cm n
cc thnh vin trong nhm hp tc v phi hp cht ch, cng nhau gi quyt tn
cng bi ton t ra. Xin chn thnh cm n!

MC LC
LI NI U ................................................................................................................ 1
MC LC ...................................................................................................................... 2
C S L THUYT .................................................................................................... 3
1. H thng Wireless LAN (WLAN) .......................................................................... 3
1.1. Lch s pht trin ........................................................................................ 3
2. H thng LTE 4G................................................................................................... 4
2.1. c im ..................................................................................................... 4
2.2. Di tn hot ng........................................................................................ 5
3. C s l thuyt anten vi di ................................................................................... 6
3.1. Cu trc anten vi di ................................................................................... 6
3.2. Nguyn l hot ng.................................................................................... 8
3.3. Cc phng php tip in ......................................................................... 9
YU CU THIT K................................................................................................. 11
1. Yu cu thit k .................................................................................................... 11
1.1. Yu cu k thut ........................................................................................ 11
1.2. Yu cu v mt cng ngh ch to ............................................................ 11
2. Phn tch v hng thit k ................................................................................ 11
THIT K, CH TO V TH NGHIM ............................................................ 13
1. Thc hin thit k ................................................................................................ 13
1.1. Thit k ng tip in ............................................................................ 13
1.2. M hnh thit k ......................................................................................... 14
2. Kt qu m phng v o c thc t ................................................................... 16
2.1. Kt qu m phng ..................................................................................... 16
2.2. Kt qu o c thc t .............................................................................. 24
3. Kt lun ................................................................................................................ 25
KT LUN CHUNG .................................................................................................. 26
TI LIU THAM KHO........................................................................................... 27

C S L THUYT
1. H thng Wireless LAN (WLAN)
WLAN l mt loi mng my tnh nhng vic kt ni gia cc thnh phn trong
mng khng s dng cc loi cp nh mt mng thng thng, mi trng truyn
thng ca cc thnh phn trong mng l khng kh. Cc thnh phn trong mng s
dng sng in t truyn thng vi nhau.
1.1. Lch s pht trin
Cng ngh WLAN ln u tin xut hin vo cui nm 1990, khi nhng nh sn
xut gii thiu nhng sn phm hot ng trong bng tn 900Mhz. Nhng gii php
ny (khng c thng nht gia cc nh sn xut) cung cp tc truyn d liu
1Mbps, thp hn nhiu so vi tc 10Mbps ca hu ht cc mng s dng cp hin
thi.
Nm 1992, nhng nh sn xut bt u bn nhng sn phm WLAN s dng
bng tn 2.4Ghz. Mc du nhng sn phm ny c tc truyn d liu cao hn
nhng chng vn l nhng gii php ring ca mi nh sn xut khng c cng b
rng ri. S cn thit cho vic hot ng thng nht gia cc thit b nhng dy tn
s khc nhau dn n mt s t chc bt u pht trin ra nhng chun mng khng
dy chung.
Nm 1997, IEEE ph chun s ra i ca chun 802.11, v cng c bit
vi tn gi WIFI cho cc mng WLAN. Chun 802.11 h tr ba phng php truyn
tn hiu, trong c bao gm phng php truyn tn hiu v tuyn tn s 2.4Ghz.
Nm 1999, IEEE thng qua hai s b sung cho chun 802.11 l cc chun
802.11a v 802.11b (nh ngha ra nhng phng php truyn tn hiu). V nhng
thit b WLAN da trn chun 802.11b nhanh chng tr thnh cng ngh khng
dy vt tri. Cc thit b WLAN 802.11b truyn pht tn s 2.4Ghz, cung cp tc
truyn d liu c th ln ti 11Mbps. IEEE 802.11b c to ra nhm cung cp
nhng c im v tnh hiu dng, thng lng (throughput) v bo mt so snh
vi mng c dy.
Nm 2003, IEEE cng b thm mt s ci tin l chun 802.11g m c th
truyn nhn thng tin c hai dy tn 2.4Ghz v 5Ghz v c th nng tc truyn d
liu ln n 54Mbps. Thm vo , nhng sn phm p dng 802.11g cng c th
tng thch ngc vi cc thit b chun 802.11b. Hin nay chun 802.11g t n
tc 108Mbps-300Mbps.

2. H thng LTE 4G
LTE (vit tt ca cm t Long Term Evolution), cng ngh ny c coi nh
cng ngh di ng th h th 4 (4G, nhng thc cht LTE mi ch c coi nh
3,9G). 4G LTE l mt chun cho truyn thng khng dy tc d liu cao dnh cho
in thoi di ng v cc thit b u cui d liu. N da trn cc cng ngh
mng GSM/EDGE v UMTS/HSPA, LTE nh s dng cc k thut iu ch mi v
mt lot cc gii php cng ngh khc nh lp lch ph thuc knh v thch nghi tc
d liu, k thut a anten tng dung lng v tc d liu. Cc tiu chun ca
LTE c t chc 3GPP (D n i tc th h th 3) ban hnh v c quy nh trong
mt lot cc ch tiu k thut ca Phin bn 8 (Release 8), vi nhng ci tin nh c
m t trong Phin bn 9.
2.1. c im
Phn ln tiu chun LTE hng n vic nng cp 3G UMTS cui cng c
th thc s tr thnh cng ngh truyn thng di ng 4G. Mt lng ln cng vic l
nhm mc ch n gin ha kin trc h thng, v n chuyn t mng UMTE s dng
kt hp chuyn mch knh + chuyn mch gi sang h thng kin trc phng ton
IP. E-UTRA l giao din v tuyn ca LTE. N c cc tnh nng chnh nh sau:
- Tc ti xung nh ln ti 299.6 Mbit/s v tc ti ln t 75.4 Mbit/s
ph thuc vo kiu thit b ngi dng. 5 kiu thit b u cui khc nhau c xc
nh t mt kiu tp trung vo ging ni ti kiu thit b u cui cao cp h tr cc
tc d liu nh. Tt c cc thit b u cui u c th x l bng thng rng
20 MHz.
- Tr truyn dn d liu tng th thp (thi gian tr i-v di 5 ms cho cc gi
IP nh trong iu kin ti u), tr tng th cho chuyn giao thi gian thit lp kt ni
nh hn so vi cc cng ngh truy nhp v tuyn kiu c.
- Ci thin h tr cho tnh di ng, thit b u cui di chuyn vi vn tc ln
ti 350 km/h hoc 500 km/h vn c th c h tr ph thuc vo bng tn.
- OFDMA c dng cho ng xung, SC-FDMA dng cho ng ln tit
kim cng sut.
- H tr c hai h thng dng FDD v TDD cng nh FDD bn song cng vi
cng cng ngh truy nhp v tuyn.
- H tr cho tt c cc bng tn hin ang c cc h thng IMT s dng
ca ITU-R.
- Tng tnh linh hot ph tn: rng ph tn 1,4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz,
10 MHz, 15 MHz v 20 MHz c chun

- H tr kch thc t bo t bn knh hng chc m (femto v picocell) ln ti

cc macrocell bn knh 100 km.
- H tr t nht 200 u cui d liu hot ng trong mi t bo c bng thng
5 MHz.
- H tr hot ng vi cc chun c.
- Giao din v tuyn chuyn mch gi.
2.2. Di tn hot ng
Cng ngh LTE 4G hin ti ang c trin khai nhiu nc trn th gii.
Theo s liu thng k tnh n 8/5/2012, c 98 quc gia trn th gii chp nhn
cng ngh LTE 4G vi hn 300 nh cung cp dch v. Bn bao ph ca cng ngh
LTE c th hin di y:

Cc quc gia trin khai 4G LTE

Cc quc gia ang trin khai hoc ln k hoch trin khai 4G LTE
Cc quc gia ang th nghim h thng 4G LTE
Tham kho: www.gsacom.com

Ty theo iu kin a l tng khu vc v hin trng s dng di tn s ca tng

quc gia m bng tn dnh cho 4G LTE c n nh l kh a dng trn ton cu.
Kho st mt s quc gia tiu biu, di tn dnh cho 4G LTE c th hin bng
di y:
Vng
EMEA,

Tn di tn
IMT 2.1GHz

Truyn
dn
FDD

Downlink
(MHz)

Low

High

Low

High

Khong cch
song cng
(MHz)

2110

2170

1920

1980

190

Uplink (MHz)

Japan
NAR

PCS 1900

FDD

1930

1990

1850

1910

80

NAR

AWS

FDD

2110

2155

1710

1755

400

EMEA

2.6 GHz

FDD

2620

2690

2500

2570

120

China

TDD 2.6 GHz

TDD

2570

2620

NAR

TDD 2.5 GHz

TDD

2496

2690

EMEA: Chu u
NAR: Bc M

Tham kho: http://niviuk.free.fr/lte_band.php

3. C s l thuyt anten vi di
L thuyt pht x trn cu trc mch di c a ra u tin vo nm 1953 bi
Deschamps tuy nhin phi n nhng nm 70 th n mi thc s pht trin v i vo
thc t. V nhng anten s dng cng ngh ny c ch to u tin bi Howell v
Munson. Vi nhng li im ca mnh nh nh gn, gi thnh thp, d ch to, v c
bit l kh nng tch hp vi cc h thng x l tn hiu nn anten mch di cho n
nay ngy cng pht trin trong nhng lnh vc siu cao tn nh anten cho thit b di
ng, WLAN, h thng anten thng minh
3.1.

Cu trc anten vi di

Anten mch di bn cht l mt kt cu bc x kiu khe.Mi phn t anten mch

di gm c cc phn chnh l phin kim loi, lp in mi, mn chn kim loi v b
phn tip in. Phin kim loi c gn trn lp in mi to nn mt kt cu
tng t nh mt mng ca mch in, v th anten mch di cn c tn l l anten mch
in.
phin bc x (L,W)

in mi (, h, tan)
mt phng t

Cc thng s cu trc c bn ca anten mch di l chiu di L, chiu rng W,

dy cht nn h, hng s in mi .
Tu thuc vo gi tr cc thng s trn ta c cc loi anten khc nhau. C 4 dng
anten mch di c bn:

 Anten mch di dng tm

Gm c phin bc x mt trn ca lp in mi. Phin bc x c th l hnh vung,
hnh ch nht, hnh trn, hnh elip, hnh tam gic, hnh vng nhn.

hnh vung

hnh ch nht

hnh elip

hnh vng nhn

hnh a

hnh tam gic

Anten dipole mch di

Gm cc tm dn in nh anten mch di dng tm. Tuy nhin, anten dipole mch
di gm c cc tm i xng c hai pha ca lp in mi.

Anten khe mch di

 Anten mch di sng chy

Gm cc on dy xch hay dng thc dy dn in ni tip nhau trn b mt ca tm
in mi.

3.2.

Nguyn l hot ng

Bc x t anten vi di c th c xc nh t phn b trng gia tm patch v

mt phng t hay di dng phn b dng in trn b mt tm patch. Khi tip in
vo tm patch c chiu di bng na bc sng ca tn s hot ng, phn b in
tch c mt trn, mt di tm patch v mt phng t c m t nh hnh di
y.

Lc y gia cc in tch cng du mt di tm patch lm mt s in tch

bay vng ln mt trn tm patch gy ra dng Jb v Js. Do t s h/W nh nn lc ht
gia cc in tch tri du mt trn ca lp GND v mt di ca tm Patch l rt
ln, do , in tch tp trung ch yu mt di tm patch. Mt khc, do lc y
gia cc in tch cng du lm cho mt in tch tp trung ch yu ti cnh ca
phin bc x. Xut hin hiu ng vng bin (fringing field). t c hiu sut bc
x tt hn, ngi ta thng s dng mt lp mng vi hng s in mi thp.

Sng in t t tm pha trn, i qua tm in mi, sau phn x trn mt t

v bc x vo khng gian pha trn.
3.3.

Cc phng php tip in

C nhiu phng php tip in cho anten vi di nh l: tip in bng ng vi

di, tip in bng cp ng trc, tip in bng ng dn sng ng phng (CPW), tip
in bng cch ghp khe, ghp gn, ..v..v. Tuy nhin, trong gii hn thc hin, nhm
ch tm hiu ba phng php l tip in bng cp ng trc (Coax-feed), tip in
bng ng truyn vi di (microstrip line) v tip in bng ng dn sng ng phng
(Co-planar WaveGuide).
a) Tip in bng cp ng trc
Dng cp ng trc xuyn t mt phng t ln tip xc vi tm dn in.
phi hp tr khng th ch cn tip in nhng v tr thch hp trn tm dn in.
Nu tip in tm ca tm dn in ta s c tr khng vo bng khng.

b) Tip in bng ng truyn vi di (Microstrip Line)

Phng php ny d thc hin hn cch tip in bng cp ng trc, ng mch di
c di g/4 phi hp tr khng gia ng tn hiu vo t cng 50 ti tr
khng vo ca anten.

c) Tip in bng ng dn sng ng phng (Co-planar WaveGuide)

Trong phng php tip in ny, t (GND) v tm bc x (Patch) nm trn
cng mt mt phng, v mt pha ca tm in mi.

u im vt tri ca phng php tip in ny l cho bng thng rng hn

hn hai phng php tip in trn (ng truyn vi di v cp ng trc). Do , vi
nhng thit k yu cu anten c bng thng ln th k thut tip in bng ng
truyn vi di cng l mt gii php kh tt.

10

YU CU THIT K
1. Yu cu thit k
1.1.

Yu cu k thut

Kch thc
Anten thit k cho thit b di ng cm tay nn yu cu kch thc nh, gn,
c cu trc phng c th d dng tch hp c vo thit b.
Bng thng
Anten phi hot ng c trong c di tn ca Wireless LAN (2400
2485 MHz) v LTE 4G (2500 2690 MHz Theo chun Chu u).
Bc x
Do tch hp trong thit b cm tay di ng nn anten phi bc x theo m
hnh ca mt monopole ng phng, bc x ng hng c th thu tt tn hiu
n t mi pha.
tng ch anten
Do bc x ng hng nn yu cu v tng ch ch l >= 1.6 dBi (cng tng
ng vi cc anten cho thit b di ng hin nay trn th trng).
1.2.

Yu cu v mt cng ngh ch to

Phi tin li, d ch to. c bit l c th ch to Vit Nam kho st v

th nghim
Gi thnh ch to phi r.

2. Phn tch v hng thit k

T bi ton t ra trn, nhm bn bc v thng nht phng php cng nh
cch thc thit k nh sau:
Gii php v thit k
- p dng cu trc vi di thit k anten yu cu
- Thit k anten c bng thng bao trn di tn s t 2400 2690 MHz. Do bng
thng yu cu thit k l kh ln (>= 290 MHz) nn gii php s dng y l tip
in s dng ng dn sng ng phng.
- Do t v tm patch bc x trn cng mt phng nn anten s khng c mt phng
t chn di, do , n s bc x ng hng, ph hp vi yu cu m bi ton
thit k t ra.

11

- Tm in mi c chn thit k l FR4 vi dy l 1,6 mm bi v thc t

vt liu Vit Nam ch c loi ny m thi, khng th yu cu khc c.
- S dng phn mm m phng HFSS v v kho st m hnh anten xut. Sau
khi t c cc ch tiu k thut nh yu cu th s tin hnh ch to th
nghim thc t.
Gii php v cng ngh ch to
- Cng ngh ch to anten c p dng l cng ngh mch in. N khng nhng p
ng c yu cu v mt kch thc mng, nh m cn p ng c yu cu v
gi thnh r, c th ch to n chic th nghim.
- Nh ni trn, vt liu lm in mi l FR4 1,6 mm. Loi vt liu ny c
suy hao kh cao, hn na, kch thc lp cha chc c chun 1,6 mm nn
chc chn gia th nghim thc t v m phng s c mt vi sai lch nh.

12

THIT K, CH TO V TH NGHIM
1. Thc hin thit k
1.1.

Thit k ng tip in

tnh ton kch thc ca ng tip in, nhm tham kho cng thc gc
trang 79, cun Transmission Line Design Hanbook, vit bi Brian C Wadell, do
nh xut bn Artech House xut bn nm 1991.

(Ch b l tng rng ca ng tip in v 2 khe cnh bn)

Cng thc tnh ton nh sau:

13

 tin cho vic tnh ton, nhm s dng tool c sn trn mng tnh ton rng
khe.

Tham kho: http://www1.sphere.ne.jp/i-lab/ilab/tool/cpw_e.htm

1.2.

M hnh thit k

FR4, = 4.4; h = 1.6 mm

Hnh 1: M hnh tng th anten

14

44.2
0.15

17
12.2

5
0.15
0.15

Hnh 2: M hnh thit k chi tit

Hnh 3: M hnh m phng 3D

15

32.6

17

0.15

n v: mm

2. Kt qu m phng v o c thc t
Ta chn mt s ch tiu k thut nh t s in p sng ng (VSWR), th bc
x v h s tng ch nh gi anten. i vi anten c thit k, yu cu t s
VSWR < 2 (tng ng vi vic h s tn hao ngc RL-Return Loss nh hn -10
dB) trong di tn hot ng.
Sau khi hon tt m hnh anten, ta s tin hnh thc hin m phng bng phn
mm HFSS. Nu nh qu trnh thit lp v chy khng b li, ta s c th nh gi
c anten da trn rt nhiu tiu ch m phn mm c sn nh t s in p sng
ng, h s tn hao ngc, cc thng s v tr khng, gain, th bc x,

2.1.

Kt qu m phng

Sau cc bc thit lp cc thng s kch thc v yu cu m phng cho anten,

chng ta tin hnh chy m phng.
Qua qu trnh iu chnh cc bin kch thc v chy m phng nhiu ln, kch
thc ti u c a ra mc 1.2.
Xt h s tn hao ngc S11 v t s in p sng ng VSWR ca m hnh
anten, ta c kt qu nh hnh 4 v hnh 5.
Qua kt qu thu c trn hnh 4 v hnh 5, bng thng t c ca anten l 442
MHz (2350 MHz 2792 MHz), bao ph hon ton di tn Wireless LAN (2400 MHz
2485 MHz) v LTE 4G (2500 MHz 2690 MHz). Cng hng cc i ti tn s
2544 MHz (S11(dB) t gi tr -37.9 dB), trng vi tn s trung tm ca di 2400
MHz 2690 MHz.
Nhng kt qu chng t anten xut p ng yu cu v mt bng
thng cho h thng WLAN & LTE.

16

2400 MHz

2690 MHz

0
-5
-10

S11(dB)

-15
BW = 442 MHz

-20
-25
-30
-35
-40
2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

Freq [GHz]

Hnh 4: H s tn hao ngc S11

2400 MHz

2690 MHz

VSWR

BW = 442 MHz

0
2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

Hnh 5: T s in p sng ng VSWR

17

2.9

Thng s quan trng tip theo nh gi hot ng ca anten l th phng

hng bc x. Xt th bc x ca anten tn s 2444 MHz (tn s trung tm ca
di tn WLAN) v tn s 2594 MHz (tn s trung tm ca di tn LTE 4G).

Hnh 6: th Gain 3D ca anten tn s 2444 MHz

Mt phng H
Mt phng E

Hnh 7: th Gain ca anten trong mt phng E v H tn s 2444 MHz

18

Hnh 8: th Gain 3D ca anten tn s 2594 MHz

Mt phng H
Mt phng E

Hnh 9: th Gain ca anten trong mt phng E v H tn s 2594 MHz

19

Hnh 6 v hnh 7 biu din th phng hng bc x ca anten trong khng

gian 3 chiu v hnh chiu ca n ln mt phng H cng nh mt phng E ti tn s
trung tm f = 2444 MHz ca di tn WLAN 2.4 GHz. th bc x ca anten c dng
ng hng, ph hp vi yu cu thit k ban u t ra. Do bc x gn nh l
ng hng nn h s tng ch ca anten khng ln, gi tr ln nht ca h s tng ch
t c l 1.67 dBi (tha mn iu kin t ra ban u l >= 1.6 dBi).
Tng t, hnh 8 v hnh 9 biu din th phng hng bc x ca anten
trong khng gian 3 chiu v hnh chiu ca n ln mt phng E cng nh mt phng H
ti tn s trung tm f = 2594 MHz ca di tn LTE 2.6GHz. th bc x ca anten
ti tn s ny cng rt gn ging vi ti tn s 2444 MHz m ta xt trn, gi tr
tng ch ln nht cng khng thay i nhiu, t 1.7 dBi. iu ny cho ta d on
c kh chc chn rng trn c di tn s t 2400 MHz 2690 MHz, th phng
hng bc x ca anten khng thay i nhiu v n nh. chc chn v nhn nh
, kho st th phng hng bc x ca anten xut ti mt s tn s quan
trng nh: 2400 MHz, 2484 MHz, 2500 MHz v 2690 MHz, ta c kt qu nh sau:

Mt phng H
Mt phng E

Hnh 10: th Gain ca anten ti tn s 2400 MHz

20

Mt phng H
Mt phng E

Hnh 11: th Gain ca anten ti tn s 2484 MHz

Mt phng H
Mt phng E

Hnh 12: th Gain ca anten ti tn s 2500 MHz

21

Mt phng H
Mt phng E

Hnh 13: th Gain ca anten ti tn s 2690 MHz

Qua kho st thm th phng hng bc x ti cc tn s khc nhau trong

hnh 10, 11, 12 v 13, ta c th khng nh c rng, anten bc x ng hng trn
ton di tn t 2400 MHz 2690 MHz, hn na tng ch lun ln hn gi tr 1.6
dBi, tha mn yu cu ca bi ton thit k t ra.
Kt qu kho st mt dng ti tn s f = 2444 MHz v f = 2594 MHz c
th hin hnh 14 v 15. Mt dng cho ta thy cch thc bc x ca anten l bc
x cnh, ng nh nhng g phn tch phn l thuyt anten vi di.

22

Hnh 14: Mt dng ca anten ti tn s 2444 MHz

Hnh 15: Mt dng ca anten ti tn s 2594 MHz

23

2.2. Kt qu o c thc t
Trn c s m phng, anten mch in cho h thng WLAN & LTE 4G c
ch to thc t nh sau:

Hnh 16: M hnh anten WLAN&LTE thc t.

Kt qu h s phn x S11 o trn my phn tch:

M phng
Thc t

S11 (dB)

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50
2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

Freq [GHz]
Hnh 17: Kt qu h s S11 gia m phng v o c thc t

24

3.0

M hnh c ch to vi chun ca lp in mi hin nay l FR-4 1.6mm vi

hng s in mi l 4.4 v dy lp kim loi l 0.035mm. Nhn vo hnh 16, ta c
th thy rng kch thc anten kh nh gn.
Nhn vo kt qu hnh 17, c th thy, anten thc t c bng thng 610 MHz
(2212 MHz 2822 MHz), nh cng hng t -44 dB tn s f = 2430 MHz. Di
tn hot ng ca anten bao ph ton b di tn WLAN 2.4 GHz v LTE 2.6 GHz.
Cng trong hnh trn, kt qu m phng v kt qu thc t o c c so snh. Ta
thy gia thc t v m phng c sai lch, tuy nhin, nhng sai lch ny hon ton c
th l gii c l do:
-

Thi gian m phng ngn, c th bc to li (meshing) m phng cha

nh chng trnh m phng tnh ton chnh xc.

Do cng ngh ch to, vt liu lm in mi cha chc t chun

1.6mm v hng s in mi 4.4.

Do qu trnh ct anten lm th cng bng tay nn mt s kch thc anten

cha c chun nh thit k.

3. Kt lun
Nh vy anten c m phng v ch to thnh cng, p ng cc yu
cu, mc tiu ta ban u ca ti. Thc t ch to chng minh nhng kt qu
nghin cu v anten vi di v ng dng thit k anten cho h thng WLAN & LTE
4G l hon ton ng n v kh thi. Vi kch thc nh gn, cng ngh ch to n
gin, anten c th d dng c tch hp trong cc thit b di ng cm tay kch thc
nh.

25

KT LUN CHUNG
Anten thit k hot ng tt trong di tn 2212 MHz 2822 MHz, bao trm
ton b di tn hot ng ca WLAN 2.4 GHz v 4G LTE 2.6 GHz, bc x c ng
hng cao trn ton b di tn. u im ca anten thit k l kch thc nh, cu
hnh n gin, d ch to. m bo yu cu tin hnh sn xut hng lot.
Cng vic thit k cng m ra nhng kh nng pht trin trong tng lai. Nu
c tip tc lm vic, cc phng hng pht trin c th ra nh sau:
- Thu nh kch thc anten thit k p ng c yu cu tch hp vo cc
thit b di ng ang ngy cng nh, gn. Hin nay cc nh nghin cu v ang
nghin cu cng ngh siu vt liu (Meta-material) thay i tnh cht vt l ca mt
anten thng thng, cng l m ra c hi p dng thu gn kch thc anten.
- C th thm vo thit k cc ng ct, khot anten c th hot ng cho
nhiu h thng hn na (multi-band), v d nh di tn WLAN 5 GHz, hay di tn
GSM 900, 1800,

26

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1]

Ramesh Garg, Prakash Bhartia, Inder Bahl, Apisak Ittipiboon, Microstrip

Antenna design handbook, Artech House, Boston London, 2001.

[2]

Phan Anh, L thuyt v k thut anten, NXB Khoa hc v K thut, 2007.

[3]

Brian C Wadell, Transmission Line Design Hanbook, Artech House, 1991.

[4]

David M. Pozar and Daniel H. Schaubert, Microstrip antennas: the analysis

and design of microstrip antennas and arrays, John Wiley and Sons, 1995.

[5]

Thomas A. Milligan, Modern Antenna Design - second edition, John Wiley

and Sons, 2005.

[6]

David M. Pozar, Microwave engineering 2nd , John Wiley & Son, INC.

[7]

Islavath. Balakrishna, Dr.D.Sriram Kumar, MSuresh Kumar, CPW-Fed

Antenna for 2.4 GHz WLAN application, ICCCCT-10.

[8]

W. Liao and Q.-X. Chu, CPW-fed square slot antenna with lightening
shaped feed line for broadband circularly polarized radiation, Progress In
Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 18, 61-69, 2010.

[9]

Q. Chen*, H.-L. Zheng, T. Quan, and X. Li. Broadband CPW-fed

circularly polarized antenna with equianglular tapered-shaped feedline for
Ultra-wideband applications, Progress In Electromagnetics Research C,
Vol. 26, 83 - 95, 2012.

[10] http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTE
[11] http://niviuk.free.fr/lte_band.php
[12] http://www.4gamericas.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=page&sectionid=117
[13] http://bama.ua.edu/~tmewes/Java/CPW/CPWCalculator.shtml

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