Do An - Tot Nghiep

n tt nghip
iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
Mc lc
Li ni u........................................................................................................2
CHNG 1.......................................................................................................3
KHO ST H THNG..................................................................................3
PHN XNG NGHIN V NG BAO CA NH MY XI MNG
TAM IP.........................................................................................................3
1.1 Phn xng Nghin..............................................................................3
1.2 Phn xng ng bao.............................................................................4
1.3 Mt s thit b chnh chnh trong h thng.............................................5
1.3.1 Bng ti cao su (BC)........................................................................5
1.3.2 Mng kh ng..................................................................................5
1.3.3 Gu nng (BE)..................................................................................6
1.3.4 Lc bi tnh in...............................................................................6
1.3.5 Qut ht............................................................................................8
1.3.6 Lc bi ti........................................................................................8
CHNG 2.......................................................................................................8
GII THIU PHN MM S7 300 & WINCC.................................................8
2.1 Gii thiu phn mm S7 300...................................................................8
2.1.1 Tng quan v b iu khin lp trnh c......................................8
2.1.2 Chu k qut chng trnh v nh u vo/ ra...............................10
2.1.3.Cu trc v phn chia b nh.........................................................11
2.1.3.1.Cc module ca PLC S7-300......................................................11
2.1.3.2 Kiu d liu v phn chia b nh................................................12
2.2 Cu trc chng trnh............................................................................14
2.3 Ngn Ng Lp Trnh S7-300.................................................................17
2.3.1 S dng cc nh v cu trc thanh ghi trng thi.......................17
2.3.1.1 a ch nh...............................................................................17
2.3.1.2 Cu trc thanh ghi trng thi.......................................................18
2.4 Cc lnh v php ton...........................................................................22
2.4.1 Lnh np chuyn............................................................................22
2.4.2 Cc lnh tc ng vo RLO v nh.............................................22
2.4.3 Cc lnh tc ng vo 2 thanh ghi ACCU1 v ACCU2.................23
2.4.4 Cc lnh iu khin logic v iu khin chng trnh...................29
2.4.5 B nh thi Timer..........................................................................35
2.4.6 B m Counter..............................................................................39
2.5 Gii thiu phn mm Winncc................................................................41
2.5.1 Ni dung ca control center...........................................................42
2.5.1.1 Chc nng....................................................................................42
2.5.1.2 Cu trc.......................................................................................42
2.5.1.3 Son tho.....................................................................................43
GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy
nh Hip
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
2.6 Cc thnh phn son tho......................................................................51
2.6.1 Alarm logging.................................................................................51
2.6.1.1 Chc nng....................................................................................51
2.6.2 Graphics designer...........................................................................54
2.6.2.1 Chc nng....................................................................................54
2.6.2.2 Cu trc.......................................................................................54
CHNG 3.....................................................................................................59
THIT K IU KHIN...............................................................................59
3.1 Gii Php iu Khin............................................................................59
3.1.2 Thit k h thng bi trn u vo my nghin xi.................59
3.1.3 Thit k h thng ng bao............................................................59
3.2 S iu khin....................................................................................60
3.3 Lp Trnh trn S7 300 v Gim st iu khin trn WinnCC................61
3.3.1 Lp trnh phn mm cho S7 300....................................................61
3.3.1.1 Phn cng cho lp trnh S7 300...................................................61
3.3.1.2 Lp trnh S7 300 dng LAD........................................................61
3.3.3 Lp trnh iu khin gim st trn phn mm WinCC...................66
3.3.3.1 Kt ni WinCC............................................................................66
3.3.3.2 Lp trnh giao din chnh cho h thng iu khin gim st.......67
Kt lun...........................................................................................................71
Ti liu tham kho...........................................................................................72

nh Hip
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
Li ni u
Nc ta ang trong cng cuc cng nghip ha v hin i ha t
nc, tng bc bt kp s pht trin trong khu vc ng Nam v trn
th gii v mi mt kinh t v x hi. Cng nghip sn xut hng ha ng
vai tr quan trng trong s pht trin kinh t v thc y s tng trng ca
x hi.
T ng ha qu trnh sn xut l mt yu cu cn thit trong mi
lnh vc nhm to ra sn phm c cht lng cao,tng kh nng cnh tranh
mnh m trn th trng. Ngy nay,nh s pht trin ca khoa hc k thut,
iu khin t ng hin i v cng ngh iu khin logic kh trnh da trn
c s pht trin tin hc m c th l s pht trin ca k thut my tnh. Ngy
cng nhiu trang b k thut mi c p dng cho qu trnh sn xut. Mt
trong nhng p dng k thut mi l b iu khin c th lp trnh PLC v
Giao din ngi my(HMI).
K thut iu khin logic kh trnh PLC (Programmable Logic
Control ) c pht trin t nhng nm 1968-1970. Thit b iu khin logic
lp trnh c PLC l dng thit b iu khin c bit da trn b vi x l,s
dng b nh lp trnh c lu tr cc lnh v thc hin cc chc nng
cho php tnh logic, cc qu trnh cng ngh. Cng vi s trin cng ngh
PLC, v tch hp kh nng gim st iu khin h thng. C rt nhiu PLC
ca hng sn xut khc nhau, tuy nhin y Em kho st PLC S7-300 v
WinCC thit k h thng iu khin gim st phn xng nghin v ng
bao ca nh my ximng Tam ip.
Trong thi gian lm n Em c gng thu thp cc ti
liu,nhng thng tin v cc vn c lin quan n n ca mnh, v thc
t ti nh my xi mng Tam ip. Do thi gian v iu kin cn hn ch nn
trong n khng th trnh khi nhng thiu st,em rt mong c s gp
ca Thy C v Cc Bn
Em xin chn thnh cm n Thy Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy trc tip
hng dn n v cc qu Thy C trong b mn o Lng v iu Khin
T ng c nhng kin ng gp quan trng Em hon thnh n.
nh Hip
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
Sinh Vin
Bi nh Hip
CHNG 1
KHO ST H THNG
PHN XNG NGHIN V NG BAO CA NH MY XI MNG
TAM IP
1.1 Phn xng Nghin
Clinker c chuyn t xilo cha clinker a ti trm cn a vo xilo
cha chun b cho qu trnh phi liu. Cng nh vy Gypsum(thch cao),
Additive( ph gia) c vn chuyn qua bng ti t kho tng hp ti cc xilo
cha thch cao v ph gia chun b cho qu trnh phi liu. Trn xilo cha
Clinker c lc bi ti m bo cho an ton mi trng,v 2 xilo thch cao,ph
gia chung 1 lc bi ti.Sau khi liu c vn chuyn ti trm cn theo
cng ngh ca xi mng th s c phi liu m bo yu cu cng ngh xi
mng t ra.Liu t 3 xilo qua van iu chnh di vo bng ti cn y
liu s c nh lng theo yu cu. Cc loadcell di bng ti s kim tra
khi lng liu ca tng xilo xung t cho ngui vn hnh bit iu
chnh van liu xung cho ph hp vi tng loi liu. Sau khi liu c cn
chnh theo yu cu cng ngh th c chuyn ti cc bng ti pha di bng
ti ny c th quay theo 2 chiu. Chiu thun ti my nghin s b,theo chiu
ngc ti my nghin tinh. Ti trc tip my nghin tinh ch trong nhng
trng hp c bit. Theo chiu thun ca bng ti th liu c chuyn tt c
ti bng ti tng a ti my nghin s b trn bng ti ny c lp h
thng d kim loi MS14, nu c kim loi th s tch ra khi bng ti trc khi
a vo my nghin. Liu t bng ti BC14 c chuyn ti my nghin
PG01 qu trnh nghin c tin hnh sau khi nghin s b xong liu c
chuyn ti sang rung in ri chuyn ti bng ti BC16 t bng ti ny liu
li c chuyn ti gu ti BE01. BE01 chuyn ti bng ti BC15 v qua b
tch nhng liu no cha t yu cu th s chuyn li vo bng ti BC14.
Liu c a ti BC15 li c vn chuyn ti bng ti BC17 t y liu
s c a ti nghin tinh BM01.Liu c nghin u ra ca my nghin l
nh Hip
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
xi mng c chuyn theo 2 hng: 1 l xung thng mng kh ng AS11
chuyn ti gu ti BE02, 2 l c kh bi t lc bi tnh in EP11 m
bo mi trng,sau khi lc bi xong xi mng c qua b tch theo 2 ng
v mng kh ng AS11 v liu c m bo c a ti bng ti
SC12.T mng kh ng c a ti gu ti chuyn ti mng kh ng AS13
t y xi my phn ly SR01 nhng ht nh s c a ti cc lc bi
BF02,BF03 x l lc nhng ht m bo yu cu cn nhng ht to s c
lng xung FV13.
Tt c nhng ht c m bo yu cu c a ti bng ti SC13 ri
c vn chuyn ti 4 xilo xi mng : BF33, BF34, BF35, BF36. Cc xilo ny
u c h thng vi xut xi mng ri.V t 4 xilo c a ti cc my ng
bao xut xi mng dng bao
1.2 Phn xng ng bao
Qu trnh nghin xi a ti cc xilo cha xi. V t cc xilo cha ny a
ti gu ti BE11, v gu ti chuyn ti sng rung VS11 mt ln na sng lc
ri chuyn ti thng cha xi BI11 v thung cha xi c cm bin o mc nu
thng y s ngng a xi t gu ti. T thng cha xi chuyn ti my ng
bao. My ng bao c 8 vi v 8 ng c y xi ra v ng c chnh quay
h thng.Ngi cng nhn s a bao vo vi nu khng c h thng cnh
bo thi xi s c y ra nh h thng 8 ng c tng ng 8 vi.Qu trnh
ng bao s c cn 50kg nu trng lng th s t ng nh xi xung
bng ti cao su ri vn chuyn ra t. Di cc bng ti u c h thng hi
xi b ra ngoi. Xi ny c a xung bng ti SC 11 ri vn chuyn ti
SC11 hi lu li thng cha xi.
1.3 Mt s thit b chnh chnh trong h thng
1.3.1 Bng ti cao su (BC).
a) Mc ch s dng.
Dng vn chuyn nguyn liu sau khi nh lng i vo my
nghin.
b) Cu to.
Gm c: Bng cao su cc con ln khay (phu tip liu tang b dn
i trng tang lm tng gc m tang dn phu tho liu
nh Hip
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
c) Nguyn l vn hnh.
Khi b phn dn ng hot ng th tang dn quay. Nh c lc ma st
gia mt bng v tang dn lm cho bng vn chuyn theo vn chuyn t tip
liu v tho liu ra ca tho
1.3.2 Mng kh ng
a) Mc ch s dng.
Dng vn chuyn bt liu sau khi thu hi n mng kh ng .
Yu cu l bt liu khng c dnh bt, c nhit <150 oC trng
thi linh ng.
b) Cu to v vn hnh.
Mng kh ng c cu to hnh mng di, c tit din hnh ch nht.
Lp vi polyeste chia mng thnh hai phn: phn trn cha vt liu bt, phn
th hai l khng kh nn thi t qut vo vi p sut khong 200 n 400 mm
H2O. bo v lp vi polyeste khng b co dn, ngi lp ln pha trn v
pha di vi polyeste li ng
Mng ng thng t nghing mt gc 4 n 80. Bt liu vo ca di
tc dng ca kh thi t qut (hay kh nn), vt liu c nng ln khi vi v
phn ti trong kh, lc ny vt liu linh ng nh cht lng vy. Vi
nghing nht nh ca mng ng, bt liu c tho qua ca di tc dng
ca trng lc. Lng bi ln trong kh qua ca i n lc bi ti
1.3.3 Gu nng (BE).
a) Mc ch s dng.
Dng vn chuyn lng liu hi lu ca my nghin dng cc
theo phng thng ng.
b) Nguyn l cu to.
Ton b gu c t trong hp kn gm c u np v u tho . Cc
gu c lp trn b phn ko (thng lm bng xch) v c tang ko ln.
Tang c gn trc tip vi b phn b phn ny c cu to dng vt me hoc
i trng. Ni lin vi tang ko ngi ta lm b phn hm dng bnh cc
ngn nga b phn ko tt xung khi mt in hoc kh mun dng my
sa cha.
nh Hip
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
c) Nguyn l hot ng.
ng c in v hp gim tc c lp vi tang ko v t pha trn.
Khi ng c in v hp gim tc hot ng, n truyn chuyn ng quay
cho tang ch ng lm cho b phn ko gu chuyn ng theo kiu vn
chuyn nguyn liu t ca np liu v tho liu ra ca tho theo phng
thng ng.
Do c cu vt m khong cch gia hai tang quay c s thay i trong mt
gii hn nht nh, to iu kin cho b phn ko v gu
1.3.4 Lc bi tnh in.
a) Mc ch s dng.
lm sch kh sau khi qua h thng Xycln lng trc khi thi ra mi
trng.
b) Cu to.
in cc lng l nhng tm kim loi t song song vi nhau. Gia cc
tm kim loi t cc in cc dy. Tt c cc in cc dy c treo trn
khung v c cch in bng s cch in .Khi kh c bi vo ca i vo
gia cc in cc bi lng trn cc in cc tm, kh sch theo ca ra ngoi,
bi lng xung y hnh nn ri c a ra ngoi bng xch co
c) Nguyn l lm vic.
Lm sch h kh khng ng nht bng in l da vo s ion ho cc
phn t kh.
Nguyn t kh i vo gia hai in cc v b ion ho tch thnh cc ion
dng v cc in t t do. Cc ion dng i v bn cc m, in t i v
in cc dng theo phng ng sc ca in trng. Trn ng i v
cc in cc cc ion v in t nu gp cc ht nm trong khng kh chng
dnh vo cc ht v lm cho cc ht tch in v ko v cc in cc. Ti y,
cc ion v in t tch khi cc ht bi trung ho cn cc ht bi ri khi
bn cc.
V phn ln kh v bi nm ngoi qung sng nn a s cc ht bi c
trong kh s gp cc ion v cc in t n tch ra khi in cc lng. Cn mt
phn rt nh ht bi nm trong qung sng gp cc ion dng v tch ra
qung in cc.
nh Hip
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
Mc lm sch cc ht bi trong kh ph thuc vo dn in ca bi.
Nu bi dn in tt nhng lc bm dnh vi in cc qu nh th khi n
in cc lp tc c trung ho v bi mang in tch ca in cc, lc y
culng lm cho bi b y ri vo dng kh lm gim mc lm sch kh.
Nu bi khng dn in th khi bm trn in cc ln l lp cch in
cn tr qu trnh lc in. ng thi do lp bi bm khng chc nn c ch
bi ri xung h mt mng in cc in th ch tng rt nhanh vt
qu in th gii hn nn n c kh nng ion ho mnh. in cc lng ti ch
xut hin vng sng nht gi l qung sng nghch. Kh v bi trong vng
ny s bin thnh cc ion v cc in t. Cc ion dng s chuyn ng
ngc li n in cc m, trn ng i gp bi tch in m trung ho lun
bi . Kt qu l bi khng lng c, lm gim hiu sut lng ca bi
xung rt nhiu.
trnh hin tng ny phi lm cho bi dn in tt bng cch phun
nc cho m bi.
+ in cc lng ni vi in cc dng ca ngun in l cc bng in.
+ in cc qung ni vi in cc m ca ngun in l cc dy.
1.3.5 Qut ht.
a) Mc ch s dng.
Dng ht kh nng sau khi ra khi my nghin.
b) Cu to.
C mt v hnh xon c lm bng thp tm. Bn trong v c gung
quay trn gung c cc cnh qut cnh c th thng hoc cong tu theo yu
cu cu to qut. Gung c ni trc tip vi trc qut trc qut c ni
vi ng c in qua bch ni
Do l qut ht nn ca ht ni vi ng kh thi.
c) Nguyn l lm vic.
Khi ng c quay s truyn chuyn ng n trc qut lm cho bnh
gung quay theo, di tc dng ca lc li tm. Kh nm trong cc rnh gia
cc cnh qut s ri khi trung tm bnh xe vi tc ln i vo v qut hnh
xon c, sau i vo ng v ra ca .

nh Hip
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
Qut lm vic da vo p sut ng ng ht, v p sut y ca ng
y hay p sut chn khng.
1.3.6 Lc bi ti.
H thng lc bi tay o l thit b lc bi bng ti, c thit b iu khin
t ng, c thit k lm sch cc kh c bi.
Nguyn l hot ng : Kh c bi c ht vo lc bi qua ca ht v
c khuch tn trc khi vo lc bi bi tm khuyt tn, y phn kh tip
tc xuyn qua cc ti i ln khoang kh sch v c qut ht ra ngoi, phn
bi c gi bn ngoi cc ti.
Kh i qua lc bi l do chnh lch p trc v sau lc bi, chnh
lch ny c to ra bi qut ht. Bi bm vo bn ngoi ti c lm sch
bng kh nn phun vo cc ti nh k. H thng ny c phun theo thi
gian nht nh, c t trc h thng in iu khin.
CHNG 2
GII THIU PHN MM S7 300 & WINCC
2.1 Gii thiu phn mm S7 300
2.1.1 Tng quan v b iu khin lp trnh c.
B iu khin lp trnh c (Programmable Logic Controller), gi tt l
PLC, l b iu khin cho php thc hin linh hot cc thut ton iu khin
s thng qua ngn ng lp trnh trao i thng tin vi cc PLC khc hoc
vi my tnh. Ton b chng trnh iu khin c lu trong b nh ca
PLC di dng cc khi chng trnh (khi OB, FB hoc FC) v c thc
hin lp theo chu k ca vng qut (scan).
PLC ch yu bao gm module CPU, cc b x l v b nh chng
trnh, cc module xut/nhp (I/O module), h thng bus v khi ngun cp
in.
H thng tuyn (system bus): l tuyn truyn cc tn hiu, gm nhiu
ng tn hiu song song:
+ Tuyn a ch (address bus): chn a ch trn cc khi khc nhau.
+ Tuyn d liu (data bus): mang d liu (th d t IM ti OM).
+ Tuyn iu khin (control bus): chuyn, truyn cc tn hiu nh th v
iu khiu ng b cc hot ng trong PLC.
nh Hip
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
iu khin ni cng v iu khin lp trnh c.
+ iu khin ni cng (Hard_wired control)
Trong cc h thng iu khin ni cng, cc tip im cm bin, cc
n, cc cng tc,...c ni vnh vin vi ci khc. Do khi mun thay i
li h thng th phi ni dy li b iu khin, vi h thng phc tp th vic
lm li ny khng hiu qu v tn km.
+ iu khin lp trnh c (Programmable control)
Tuy nhin trong cc h thng iu khin lp trnh c th cu trc ca
b iu khin v ni dy th c lp vi chng trnh. iu ny c ngha l
cc b iu khin chun c th s dng. Th d: cc tip im cm bin v
cc cun dy iu hnh trn my cng c c ni trc tip vo cc u ni
ca b iu khin.
Chng trnh nh ngha hot ng iu khin c ghi trc tip vo b
nh ca b iu khin (b nh chng trnh) vi s tr gip ca b lp trnh
hoc mt my vi tnh.
Ta c th thay i chng trnh iu khin bng cch thay i ni dung
ca b nh b iu khin, ngha l b nh chng trnh, cn phn ni dy
bn ngoi th khng b nh hng. y chnh l mt trong cc im thun li
quan trng nht ca b iu khin lp trnh c.
2.1.2 Chu k qut chng trnh v nh u vo/ ra
a, Chu k qut chng trnh
Thi gian cho mt ln qut qua tt c cc pht biu c lit k
trong chng trnh c gi l thi gian qut (scan timer).
Mt chu k qut gm c 4 giai on sau:
+ Chuyn d liu t cng vo ti I.
+ Thc hin chng trnh.
+ Chuyn d liu t Q ti cng ra.
+ Truyn thng v kim tra ni b.
Thi gian qut ny ty thuc vo s lnh trong chng trnh v ty theo
tng loi PLC.
Nu s dng cc khi chng trnh c bit c ch ngt, v d nh
khi OB40, OB80,..., chng trnh ca cc khi s c thc hin trong
nh Hip
10
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
vng qut khi xut hin tn hiu bo ngt cng chng loi. Cc khi chng
trnh ny c th c thc hin ti mi thi im trong vng qut ch khng
b g p l phi trong giai on thc hin chng trnh.
b, nh cc qu trnh:
+ nh u vo s (Process Input Image)
Sau khi bt u thi gian theo di qut, cc trng thi tn hiu ca tt c
cc ng vo s trong PLC c qut (d) v c a vo b m nh qu
trnh nhp PII cho n khi bt u chu k qut k tip. Trong lc qut chng
trnh k tip (c bt u bng cch gi OB1), cc trng thi tn hiu ca cc
ng vo c ly t nh qu trnh PII ny.
+ nh u ra s (Process Output Image)
Nu trong mt chu k qut, cc trng thi tn hiu c thit lp cho mt
hay nhiu ng ra, th trc ht chng phi c m trong qu trnh xut
PIQ. Khi chng trnh c qut n pht biu cui (BE) ca khi t chc
OB1, ni dung ca nh qu trnh xut PIQ c chuyn n cc module xut.
nh qu trnh xut/nhp l vng RAM ni m mi v tr b nh c gn cho
mi ng vo s v ng ra s.
u im:
Vic m cc trng thi nhp v xut trong cc nh qu trnh bo m
l cc tn hiu vo m thay i trong chu k qut khng th c hiu ng trn
chui chc nng.
Hn na, vic m cc trng thi tn hiu ca cc ng vo v cc ng
ra gim thi gian qut khi truy cp vo b nh d liu h thng cn t thi
gian hn nhiu truy cp trc tip vo cc modules xut/ nhp.
2.1.3.Cu trc v phn chia b nh.
2.1.3.1.Cc module ca PLC S7-300.
tng tnh mm do trong ng dng thc t m phn ln cc i
tng iu khin c s tn hiu u vo, u ra cng nh chng loi tn hiu
vo/ra khc nhau m cc b iu khin PLC c thit k khng b cng ha
v cu hnh. Chng c chia nh thnh cc module. S cc module c s
dng nhiu hay t ty thuc vo tng bi ton, song ti thiu bao gi cng
phi c mt module chnh l module CPU. Cc module cn li l nhng
nh Hip
11
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
module nhn/truyn tn hiu vi i tng iu khin, cc module chuyn
dng nh PID, iu khin ng c...Chng c gi chung l module m
rng.
a, Module CPU:
Module CPU l loi module c cha b vi x l, h iu hnh, b nh,
cc b nh thi, b m, cng truyn thng... v c th c mt vi cng vo
ra s. Cc cng vo ra s c trn module CPU c gi l cng vo ra
onboard.
Trong h PLC S7-300 c nhiu loi module CPU khc nhau. Chng
c t tn theo b vi x l c trong n nh module CPU312, module
CPU314, module CPU315...
Nhng module cng s dng mt loi b vi x l, nhng khc nhau v
cng vo/ra onboard cng nh cc khi hm c bit c tch hp sn trong
th vin ca h iu hnh phc v vic s dng cc cng vo ra onboard ny
s c phn bit vi nhau trong tn gi bng thm cm t IFM (Intergrated
Function Module). Chng hn module CPU312 IFM, module
CPU314...Ngoi ra cn c loi module vi hai cng truyn thng nh module
CPU315-DP.
b, Module m rng:
Module m rng c 5 loi chnh:
+ PS (Power Supply): Module ngun nui. C 3 loi: 2A, 5A, 10A.
+SM (Signal Module): Module m rng cng tn hiu vo/ra, bao gm:
+ DI (Digital Input): Module m rng cc cng vo s.
+ DO (Digital Output): Module m rng cc cng ra s.
+ DI/DO: Module m rng cc cng vo/ra s.
+ AI (Analog Input): Module m rng cc cng vo tng t.
+ AO (Analog Output): Module m rng cc cng ra tng t.
+ AI/AO: Module m rng cc cng vo/ra tng t.
+ IM (Interface module): Module ghp ni. y l loi module chuyn
dng c nhim v ni tng nhm cc module m rng li vi nhau thnh mt
khi v c qun l chung bi mt module CPU. Cc module m rng c
g trn mt thanh rack. Trn mi rack c th g c ti a 8 module m
nh Hip
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n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
rng (khng k module CPU v module ngun nui). Mt module CPU S7300 c th lm vic trc tip c vi nhiu nht 4 racks v cc racks ny
phi c ni vi nhau bng module IM.
+ FM (Function Module): Module c chc nng iu khin ring, v d
nh module iu khin ng c bc, module iu khin ng c servo,
module PID, module iu khin vng kn,...
+ CP (Communication Module): Module phc v truyn thng trong
mng gia cc PLC vi nhau hoc gia PLC vi my tnh.
2.1.3.2 Kiu d liu v phn chia b nh.
a, Kiu d liu:
Trong mt chng trnh c th c cc kiu d liu sau:
+ BOOL: vi dung lng 1 bit v c gi tr l 0 hay 1.
+ BYTE: gm 8 bit, c gi tr nguyn dng t 0 n 255.
+ WORD: gm 2 byte, c gi tr nguyn dng t 0 n 65535.
+ INT: c dung lng 2 byte, dng biu din s nguyn t -32768 n
32767.
+ DINT: gm 4 byte, biu din s nguyn t -2147463846 n
2147483647.
+ REAL: gm 4 byte, biu din s thc du phy ng.
+ S5T: khong thi gian, c tnh theo gi/pht/giy/miligiy.
+ TOD: biu din gi tr thi gian tnh theo gi/pht/giy.
+ DATE : biu din gi tr thi gian tnh theo nm/thng/ngy.
+ CHAR: biu din mt hoc nhiu k t (nhiu nht l 4 k t).
b, Phn chia b nh:
CPU S7-300 c 3 vng nh c bn:
- Vng nh h thng (system memory): (RAM trong CPU) lu tr d
liu hot ng cho chng trnh ca ta:
+ I (Process Input Image): Min b m cc d liu cng vo s. Trc
khi bt u thc hin chng trnh, PLC s c gi tr logic ca tt c cc
cng u vo v ct gi chng trong vng nh I. Thng thng chng trnh
ng dng khng c trc tip trng thi logic ca cng vo s m ch ly d
liu ca cng vo t b m I.
nh Hip
13
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n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
+ Q (Process Output Image): Min b m cc d liu cng ra s. Kt
thc giai on thc hin chng trnh, PLC s chuyn gi tr logic ca b m
Q ti cc cng ra s. Thng thng chng trnh khng trc tip gn gi tr
ti tn cng ra m ch chuyn chng vo b m Q.
+ M: Min cc bin c. Chng trnh ng dng s dng vng nh ny
lu tr cc tham s cn thit v c th truy nhp n theo bit (M), byte
(MB), t (MW), t kp (MD).
+ T (Timer): Min nh phc v b nh thi bao gm vic lu tr cc gi
tr thi gian t trc (PV-Preset Value), gi tr m thi gian tc thi (CVCurrent Value) cng nh gi tr logic u ra ca b thi gian.
+ C (Counter): Min nh phc v b m bao gm vic lu tr gi tr
t trc (PV-Preset Value), gi tr m tc thi (CV-Current Value) v gi tr
logic ca b m.
+ PI (I/O External Input): Min a ch cng vo ca cc module tng
t. Cc gi tr tng t ti cng vo ca module tng t s c module c
v chuyn t ng theo nhng a ch.
+ PQ (I/O External Output): Min a ch cng ra ca cc module tng
t. Cc gi tr tng t ti cng ra ca module tng t s c module c
v chuyn t ng theo nhng a ch.
- Vng nh np (load memory): (RAM trong CPU, cng thm
EEPROM c sn trong CPU hoc th EEPROM gn thm) l vng nh cha
chng trnh ca ta bao gm tt c cc khi chng trnh ng dng OB, FB,
FC, cc khi chng trnh trong th vin h thng c s dng (SFB, SFC)
v cc khi d liu DB. Ton b cc khi chng trnh v cc khi d liu
nm trong RAM s b xa khi tc ng xa b nh CPU memory reset
(MRES).
- Vng nh lm vic (word memory): (RAM trong CPU) cha cc bn
sao ca cc phn t chng trnh ang c CPU thc thi. Nh cc khi DB
ang c m, khi chng trnh (OB, FB, FC, SFB, SFB) ang c CPU
thc hin v phn b nh cp pht cho nhng tham s hnh thc cc khi
chng trnh ny trao i tham tr vi h iu hnh v vi cc khi chng

nh Hip
14
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
trnh khc (local block). Ti mt thi im nht nh vng work memory ch
cha mt khi chng trnh duy nht.
c, Tm a ch ti a cho cc vng nh:
- Vi I, Q, PI, DB, DI v L:
+ Tm a ch ti a cho bit: 0.0 n 65535.7
+ Tm a ch ti a cho byte: 0 n 65535
+ Tm a ch ti a cho word: 0 n 65534
+ Tm a ch ti a cho double word: 0 n 65532
- Vi b nh bit M:
+ Tm a ch ti a cho bit: 0.0 n 255.7
+ Tm a ch ti a cho byte : 0 n 255
+ Tm a ch ti a cho word: 0 n 254
+ Tm a ch ti a cho double word: 0 n 252
2.2 Cu trc chng trnh.

Ta phi lun lun lp trnh khi OB 1 cho PLC qut tun hon
chng trnh thc thi.
C hai kiu lp trnh: lp trnh tuyn tnh v lp trnh c cu trc.
a, Lp trnh tuyn tnh (liner):
Ton b chng trnh iu khin nm trong mt khi trong b nh.
Loi hnh cu trc tuyn tnh ny ph hp vi nhng bi ton t ng nh,
khng phc tp. Khi c chn phi l khi OB 1, l khi m CPU lun
qut v thc hin cc lnh trong n thng xuyn, t lnh u tin n lnh
cui cng v quay li t lnh u tin.
OB1

nh Hip
15
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n tt nghip
iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
Hnh 2.1 OB
b, Lp trnh c cu trc (structured) :

Trong PLC Siemens S7 t chc theo cc khi m c th lp trnh c
vi tng nhim v ring. Loi hnh cu trc ny ph hp vi nhng bi ton
iu khin nhiu nhim v v phc tp. PLC S7-300 c 4 loi khi c bn:
+ Khi t chc OB (Oganization block) : Khi t chc v qun l
chng trnh iu khin.
+ Khi hm chc nng FB (Function block) : L loi khi FC c bit
c kh nng trao i mt lng d liu vi cc khi chng trnh khc. Cc
d liu ny phi c t chc thnh khi d liu ring c tn gi l Data
block .
+ Khi hm (Function) : Khi chng trnh vi nhng chc nng ring
ging nh mt chng trnh con hoc mt hm.
+ Khi d liu (Data block) : Khi cha cc d liu cn thit thc
hin chng trnh. Cc tham s khi do ta t t.
Ngoi ra cn c cc khi h thng nh : SFB, SFC, SDB.
Ton b cc khi chng trnh con c qun l mt cch thng nht bi
khi OB1. Chng trnh trong cc khi c lin kt vi nhau bng cc lnh
gi khi, chuyn khi. Tng nhim v iu khin con c th c chia thnh
nhng nhim v nh v c th hn na, do mt khi chng trnh con
cng c th c gi t mt khi chng trnh con khc. Nhng trnh khng
bao gi mt khi chng trnh con li gi n chnh n.
Khi thc hin lnh gi mt khi con, h iu hnh s:
+ Chuyn khi con c gi t vng load memory vo vng word
memory.
+ Cp pht cho khi con mt phn b nh trong word memory lm
local block. Cu trc local block c quy nh khi son tho cc khi.
+ Truyn cc tham tr t khi m cho bin hnh thc IN, IN-OUT ca
local block.
+ Sau khi khi con thc hin xong nhim v v ghi kt qu di dng
tham tr u ra cho bin OUT, IN-OUT ca local block, h iu hnh s
nh Hip
16
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n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
chuyn cc tham tr ny cho khi m v gii phng khi con cng local block
ra khi word memory.
FB
OB
FB
FC
SFB
FB
SFC
FB s dng cng
vi DB
(instance)
Hnh 2.2 : Cc khi v hm
S cc lnh gi lng nhau ph thuc vo tng chng loi module CPU

m ta s dng. Nu s ln gi khi lng nhau m vt qu con s gii hn
cho php, PLC s t chuyn sang ch STOP v set c bo li.
Ta c bng so snh kh nng lp trnh ca cc PLC SIMATIC S7-300
nh sau: ( CPU 312 IFM ... CPU 315-2 DP)
Khi
OB
FB
FC
DB
SFC
SFB
CPU
IFM
3
32
32
63
25
2
312
CPU
IFM
13
128
128
127
36
7
314 CPU
313/314/315
13
128
128
127
36 (CPU 315:37)
-
CPU
DP
14
128
128
127
40
-
315-2
Bng 2.1: so snh kh nng lp trnh ca cc PLC SIMATIC S7-300.

nh Hip
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n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
2.3 Ngn Ng Lp Trnh S7-300
2.3.1 S dng cc nh v cu trc thanh ghi trng thi.
2.3.1.1 a ch nh.
a ch nh gm phn ch v phn s.
a, Phn ch: ch v tr v kch thc nh.
+ M: ch nh trong min cc bin c c kch thc l 1 bit.
+ MB: ch nh trong min cc bin c c kch thc l 1 byte.
+ MW: ch nh trong min cc bin c c kch thc l 2 bytes.
+ MD: ch nh trong min cc bin c c kch thc l 4 bytes.
+ I: ch nh c kch thc l 1 bit trong min b m cng vo s.
+ IB: ch nh c kch thc l 1 byte trong min b m cng vo s.
+ IW: ch nh c kch thc l 1 t trong min b m cng vo s.
+ ID: ch nh c kch thc l 2 t trong min b m cng vo s.
+ Q: ch nh c kch thc l 1 bit trong min b m cng ra s.
+ QB: ch nh c kch thc l 1 byte trong min b m cng ra s.
+ QW: ch nh c kch thc l 1 t trong min b m cng ra s.
+ QD: ch nh c kch thc l 2 t trong min b m cng ra s.
+ T: ch nh trong min nh ca b thi gian Timer.
+ C: ch nh trong min nh ca b m Counter.
+ PIB: ch nh c kch thc 1 byte thuc vng peripheral input.
+ PIW: ch nh c kch thc 1 t thuc vng peripheral input.
+ PID: ch nh c kch thc 2 t thuc vng peripheral input.
+ PQB: ch nh c kch thc 1 byte thuc vng peripheral output.
+ PQW: ch nh c kch thc 1 t thuc vng peripheral output.
+ PQD: ch nh c kch thc 2 t thuc vng peripheral output.
+ DBX: ch nh c kch thc 1 bit trong khi d liu DB.
+ DBB: ch nh c kch thc 1 byte trong khi d liu DB.
+ DBW: ch nh c kch thc 1 t trong khi d liu DB.
+ DBD: ch nh c kch thc 2 t trong khi d liu DB.
b, Phn s:
Ch a ch ca byte hoc bit trong min nh xc nh.

nh Hip
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n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
Nu nh c xc nh thng qua phn ch l c kch thc 1 bit
th phn s s gm a ch ca byte v s th t ca bit trong byte c
tch vi nhau bng du chm.
V d: I 1.3
M 100.5
Q 124.7
Nu nh c xc nh l 1 byte, t hoc t kp th phn s s l
a ch byte u tin trong mng byte ca nh .
V d: DIB 15
MD 46
2.3.1.2 Cu trc thanh ghi trng thi.
Khi thc hin lnh, CPU s ghi nhn li trng thi ca php tnh trung
gian cng nh ca kt qu vo mt thanh ghi c bit gi l thanh ghi trng
thi (status word).
Cu trc ca thanh ghi trng thi:
215...
29
... 28
BR
27
26
25
CC1 CC0 OV
24
23
22
21
20
OS
OR
STA RLO /FC
Bng 2.2 :Thanh ghi trng thi
- Bit /FC (first check)

Bit 0 ca thanh ghi trng thi c gi l bit kim tra u tin (/FC).
Mi lnh kim tra trng thi tn hiu ca /FC cng nh trng thi tn hiu ca
ton hng. Nu bit /FC =0, lnh ct kt qu kim tra trng thi tn hiu vo bit
RLO v t bit /FC ln 1. Qu trnh ny c gi l kim tra u tin (first
check) hay qut ln th nht (first scan).
Nu bit /FC =1 th lnh kt hp kt qu d mc ca ton hng hin ti
vi RLO trc to ra RLO mi.
Chui lnh logic lun lun kt thc bng lnh xut (S,R hay =), lnh
nhy lin h vi RLO, hoc mt trong cc lnh lng nh A(, O(, X(, AN(,
XN(; cc lnh ny reset bit /FC v 0.
- RLO (Result of Logic Operation): kt qu ca php ton logic.
nh Hip
19
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n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
Bit 1 ca STW c gi l RLO, bit ny cha kt qu ca lnh logic
trn bit hoc so snh s hc.
Ta c th t RLO khng iu kin ln 1 bng lnh SET v xa RLO
khng iu kin v 0 bng lnh CLR. Bit RLO cng c lin quan n cc lnh
nhy c iu kin.
Hnh 2.3: hiu ng ca trng thi tn hiu bit /FC trn cc lnh logic.
- Bit STA (status)

Bit STA cha gi tr ca bit m ta ang tham chiu. Trng thi ca lnh
bit m truy cp c b nh (A, AN, O, ON, X, XN) lun lun bng gi tr ca
bit m lnh ny kim tra (d mc). Trng thi ca lnh bit ghi vo b nh (S,
R, =) bng gi tr ca bit m lnh ghi vo; nu khng c xy ra ghi th n bng
gi tr ca bit n tham chiu. Bit STA khng c ngha vi cc lnh bit m
khng truy cp b nh, cc lnh nh vy t bit STA ln 1. Bit ny khng b
kim tra bi lnh, n ch c din dch khi th chng trnh.
- Bit OR
Bit cn c khi s dng lnh O thc hin AND-trc -OR. Hm
AND cha cc lnh sau: A, AN, A(, AN(, ) v NOT. Bit OR cho thy cc lnh
m hm AND c thc thi trc cho gi tr 1. Bt c lnh x l bit
khc reset bit OR.
- Bit OV (Overflow)
Bit OV c chc nng bo li. N c t ln 1 bng lnh ton hc hay
lnh so snh du chm ng sau khi li xy ra (trn, php ton khng hp l,
nh Hip
20
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n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
s du chm ng khng hp l). Bit ny c t theo kt qu ca lnh ton
hc k hay lnh so snh k.
- Bit OS (stored overflow bit)
Bit OS c t cng vi bit OV khi c li xy ra. Bi v bit OS vn
gi l 1 sau khi kh li, n cha trng thi bit OV v cho thy c li hay
khng c li xy ra mt trong cc lnh c thc thi trc . Cc lnh sau
reset bit OS: JOS (jump after stored overflow), cc lnh gi khi, v cc lnh
kt thc khi.
- M iu kin CC1 v CC0
CC1
0
0
1
CC0
0
1
0
Gii thch
Kt qu =0
Kt qu <0
Kt qu >0
Bng 2.3: CC1 v CC0 sau lnh ton hc, khng c trn.
CC1
0
0
CC0
0
1
Gii thch
Trn di tr m trong +I v +D
Trn di tr m trong *I v *D
Trn di tr dng trong +I, -I, +D, -D, NEGI v
NEGD
Trn di tr dng trong *I, *D, /I v /D
Trn di tr m trong +I, -I, +D, -D
Chia cho 0 trong /I, /D, v MOD
Bng 2.4: CC1 v CC0 sau lnh ton hc s nguyn, c trn.
CC1
0
0
1
1
CC0
0
1
0
1
Gii thch
Trn di
Trn di tr m
Trn di tr dng
S du chm ng khng hp l
Bng 2.5: CC1 v CC0 sau cc lnh ton hc du chm ng, c trn.

nh Hip
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iu khin t ng
CC1
0
0
1
1
CC0
0
1
0
1
Ngnh:
Gii thch
ACCU 2 =ACCU 1
ACCU 2 <ACCU 1
ACCU 2 >ACCU 1
ACCU 1 hay ACCU 2 l s du chm ng khng hp
l
Bng 2.6: CC1 v CC0 sau cc lnh so snh.
CC1
0
1
CC0
0
0
Gii thch
Bit va dch ra l 0
Bit va dch ra l 1
Bng 2.7: CC1 v CC0 sau cc lnh dch v xoay.
CC1
0
1
CC0
0
0
Gii thch
Kt qu = 0
Kt qu <>0
Bng 2.8: CC1 v CC0 sau cc lnh logic trn word.
- Bit BR (Binary Result)

Bit BR to lin kt gia x l cc bit v cc word. y l phng tin
hu hiu din dch kt qu ca php ton trn word nh kt qu nh phn
v a kt qu ny vo chui logic nh phn. Vi cch nhn ny, bit BR biu
din bit b nh bn trong my m RLO ct vo trc khi mt php ton word
lm thay i RLO, cho RLO kh dng ln na sau khi php ton tip tc
chui logic bit b ngt.
Bit BR tng ng vi ng ra cho php (ENO = enable output) ca hp
LAD. Ta nn s dng lnh SAVE ct RLO vo bit BR theo cc tiu chun
sau:
+ Ct bit RLO =1 vo bit BR cho trng hp m FB hay FC c thc
thi khng c li.

nh Hip
22
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
+ Ct bit RLO =0 vo bit BR cho trng hp m FB hay FC c thc
thi c li.
Ta nn lp trnh cc lnh ny cui FB hay FC chng l cc lnh
cui cng c thc thi trong khi.
2.4 Cc lnh v php ton.
2.4.1 Lnh np chuyn.
Cc lnh ny dng trao i thng tin bng byte, word hay double
word gia cc module nhp v xut, PII v PIQ, b nh thi, b m v c,
cc khi d liu (DB).
D liu thng khng c trao i trc tip m lun lun thng qua
thanh ghi tch ly ACCU. N l thanh ghi trong b x l v c dng nh b
m (buffer).
Dng i thng tin nh sau:
+ Np (LOAD) t b nh ngun vo ACCU.
+ Chuyn (TRANSFER) t ACCU n b nh ch.
Trong PLC c 2 thanh ghi: ACCU1 v ACCU2, mi thanh ghi c chiu
di 2 word.
Ch :
- Load v Transfer trc tip khng qua PII v PIQ:
L
PIB
T
PQW
Vi P l vit tt ca Peripheral (ngoi vi).
- Cc lnh Load v Transfer trc tip ch c th lp trnh bng dng STL
(ngoi tr cc ton hng ca Timer, Counter v cc lnh so snh).
2.4.2 Cc lnh tc ng vo RLO v nh.
SET: lnh ghi logic 1 vo RLO.
CLR: lnh ghi logic 0 vo RLO.
NOT: lnh o gi tr ca RLO.
S: lnh gn c iu kin gi tr logic 1 vo nh.
R: lnh gn c iu kin gi tr logic 0 vo nh.
FP <ton hng> : lnh pht hin sn ln.

nh Hip
23
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n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
Ton hng l a ch bit I, Q, M, L, D v c s dng nh mt bin c
ghi nhn li gi tr ca RLO ti v tr ny trong chng trnh, nhng ca
vng qut trc. Ti mi vng qut lnh s kim tra: nu ton hng c gi tr
0 v RLO c gi tr 1 th s ghi 1 vo RLO, cc trng hp khc th ghi 0,
ng thi chuyn ni dung ca RLO vo li bin c. Nh vy RLO s c gi
tr 1 trong mt vng qut khi c sn ln trong RLO.
FN <ton hng> : lnh pht hin sn xung.
Ton hng l a ch bit I, Q, M, L, D v c s dng nh mt bin c
ghi nhn li gi tr ca RLO ti v tr ny trong chng trnh, nhng ca
vng qut trc. Ti mi vng qut lnh s kim tra: nu ton hng c gi tr
1 v RLO c gi tr 0 th s ghi 1 vo RLO, cc trng hp khc th ghi 0,
ng thi chuyn ni dung ca RLO vo li bin c. Nh vy RLO s c gi
tr 1 trong mt vng qut khi c sn ln trong RLO.
SAVE : lnh chuyn gi tr ca RLO vo BR.
V mt s php tnh c bn.
2.4.3 Cc lnh tc ng vo 2 thanh ghi ACCU1 v ACCU2.
a, Nhm lnh o v tr bytes:
- POP : lnh chuyn ni dung ca ACCU2 vo ACCU1.
- PUSH : lnh chuyn ni dung ca ACCU1 vo ACCU2.
- TAK : lnh o ni dung ca 2 thanh ghi ACCU1 v ACCU2.
- CAW : lnh o ni dung 2 bytes ca t thp trong ACCU1.
- CAD : lnh o ni dung cc bytes trong ACCU1.
- INVI : lnh o gi tr cc bits trong t thp ca ACCU1
- INVD : lnh o gi tr cc bits ca ACCU1.
b, Nhm lnh tng gim
- INC <ton hng> : lnh tng ni dung thanh ghi ACCU1.
Ton hng l s nguyn 8 bits. Lnh thc hin php cng gia byte
thp ca t thp trong ACCU1 vi ton hng. Kt qu c ghi li vo byte
thp ca t thp ca ACCU1.
- DEC <ton hng> : lnh gim ni dung thanh ghi ACCU1.

nh Hip
24
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n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
Ton hng l s nguyn 8 bits. Lnh thc hin php tr byte thp ca t
thp trong ACCU1 cho ton hng. Kt qu c ghi li vo byte thp ca t
thp ca ACCU1.
c, Nhm lnh dch chuyn:
- RLD [n] : lnh xoay trn cc bits ca ACCU1 theo chiu tri.
- RRD [n]: lnh xoay trn cc bits ca ACCU1 theo chiu phi.
Lnh c th c hoc khng c ton hng. Nu ton hng bng 0 th lnh
tng ng vi lnh NOP.
- RLDA : lnh xoay trn ACCU1 theo chiu tri 1 bit.
- RRDA : lnh xoay trn ACCU1 theo chiu phi 1 bit.
Bng 2.9: tm tt cc lnh xoay bit.
Hnh 2.4: xoay ACCU1 qua tri 3 bit.
Th d: xoay phi word kp.

L +3
nh Hip
25
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n tt nghip
iu khin t ng
L MD10
RRD
T MD20
Ngnh:
Hnh 2.5: Xoay ACCU1 phi 3 bit.
Hnh 2.6: xoay tri 1 bit qua CC1.
- SLW [<ton hng>]: dch tri cc bits trong t thp ca ACCU1. Bit 0
c ghi 0, bit 15 y vo CC1.
- SLD [<ton hng>]: dch tri cc bits ca ACCU1. Bit 0 c ghi 0,
bit 31 y vo CC1.
- SRW [<ton hng>]: dch phi cc bits trong t thp ca ACCU1. Bit
0 c ghi 0, bit 15 y vo CC1.
nh Hip
26
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
- SRD [<ton hng>]: dch phi cc bits ca ACCU1. Bit 0 c ghi 0,
bit 31 y vo CC1.
- SSI [<ton hng>]: dch phi cc bits trong t thp ca ACCU1. Bit 0
y vo CC1, bit 15 ghi li gi tr c.
- SSD [<ton hng>]: dch phi cc bits ca ACCU1. Bit 0 y vo
CC1, bit 31 ghi li gi tr c.
d, Nhm lnh chuyn i s BCD v s nguyn:
Bng sau tm tt cc lnh chuyn i BCD v s nguyn (dng STL):
Lnh
BTI
BTD
ITB
ITD
DTB
DTR
ngha
BCD sang s
nguyn
BCD sang s
nguyn kp
S nguyn sang
BCD
S nguyn sang
s nguyn kp
S nguyn kp
sang BCD
S nguyn kp
sang s thc
Chc nng
i s BCD trong word thp ca ACCU1 sang
s nguyn 16 bits
i s BCD trong ACCU1 sang s nguyn kp
32 bits
i s nguyn 16 bits trong word thp ca
ACCU1 sang s BCD
i s nguyn 16 bits trong word thp ca
ACCU1 sang s nguyn kp 32 bits
i s nguyn kp 32 bits trong ACCU1 sang
s BCD
i s nguyn kp 32 bits trong ACCU1 sang
s du chm ng IEEE 32 bits (s thc)
Bng 2.10: chuyn i s BCD v s nguyn.
e,Nhm lnh chuyn i s du chm ng 32 bits sang s nguyn 32

bits:
Ta c th s dng bt k mt trong cc lnh sau chuyn i s du
chm ng IEEE 32 bits trong thanh ghi ACCU1 thnh s nguyn kp (cc
lnh khc nhau v cch lm trn) v kt qu c ct ACCU1.
Lnh
RND
ngha
Lm trn
Chc nng
Lm trn s c chuyn i n s nguyn
gn nht. Nu phn phn s gia kt qu

nh Hip
27
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n tt nghip
iu khin t ng
RND+
RND-
TRUNC
Ngnh:
chn v l th s chn kt qu chn

Lm trn thnh s Lm trn thnh s nguyn nh nht m ln
nguyn kp ln hn hay bng s chm ng
hn
Lm trn thnh s Lm trn thnh s nguyn ln nht m nh
nguyn kp nh hn hay bng s chm ng
hn
B phn l
Ch ly phn nguyn ca s chm ng
Bng 2.11: chuyn i s du chm ng 32 bits sang s ngyn 32 bits.
Hnh 2.7: tm tt cc lnh chuyn i v lm trn.
f, Nhm lnh so snh:

Dng so snh cc cp gi tr s sau:
+ Hai s nguyn 16 bits.
+ Hai s nguyn kp (32 bits).
+ Hai s thc (du chm ng IEEE 32 bits).
CPU s so snh gi tr s ACCU1, nu kt qu ng n s tr v
RLO=1, nu sai th RLO=0.
Vi s nguyn 16 bits th n da trn so snh word thp ca ACCU2
vi word thp ca ACCU1.
Dng lnh so snh nh sau:
op datatype
vi op (operator = ton t) c th l:
So snh
Bng nhau
nh Hip
op
==
28
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iu khin t ng
Khng bng
Ln hn
Nh hn
Ln hn hoc bng
Nh hn hoc bng
Ngnh:
<>
>
<
>=
<=
datatype c th l I (s nguyn 16 bits), D (s nguyn kp 32 bits), R (s

thc).
nh hng ca vic thc thi lnh so snh ln m iu kin CC1 v
CC0.
iu kin so snh
CC1
CC0
ACCU2>ACCU1
ACCU2<ACCU1
ACCU2=ACCU1
ACCU2<>ACCU1
ACCU2>=ACCU1
ACCU2<=ACCU1
1
0
0
0/1
1/0
0/0
0
1
0
1/0
0/0
1/0
Cc lnh nhy c iu
kin c th s dng
JN, JP
JN, JM
JZ
JN
JPZ
JMZ
Bng 2.12: nh hng ca cc lnh so snh ln CC1 v CC0.
g, Nhm lnh s hc:

- Vi s nguyn 16 bits: c cc lnh thc hin cng (+I), tr (-I), nhn
(*I), chia (/I). Ly word thp ca ACCU2 +,-,*,/ vi word thp ca ACCU1,
kt qu li vo word thp ca ACCU1.
- Vi s nguyn kp 32 bits: c cc lnh thc hin cng (+D), tr (-D),
nhn (*D), chia (/D). Ly ACCU2 +,-,*,/ vi ACCU1, kt qu li vo
ACCU1.
- Vi s thc: c cc lnh thc hin cng (+R), tr (-R), nhn (*R), chia
(/R). Ly ACCU2 +,-,*,/ vi ACCU1, kt qu li vo ACCU1.
- Cc lnh ton hc m rng trn s thc:
Tt c cc lnh sau u thc hin php ton vi i s vo ACCU1
v kt qu ct ACCU1.
+ ABS: ly tr tuyt i.
+ SQRT: tnh cn bc hai (square root) x1/2
nh Hip
29
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n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
+ SQR: tnh bnh phng (square) x2
+ LN: tnh logarithm t nhin ln(x)
+ EXP: tnh hm m ex
+ SIN: tnh sin(x)
+ COS: tnh cos(x)
+ TAN: tnh tg(x)
+ ASIN: tnh arcsin(x)
+ ACOS: tnh arccos(x)
+ ATAN: tnh atctg(x)
2.4.4 Cc lnh iu khin logic v iu khin chng trnh.
a, Cc lnh iu khin logic:
Ta c th s dng cc lnh jump (bt u bng J) v loop iu khin
r nhnh trong mt khi chng trnh. a ch cho lnh jump v loop l nhn
nhy n trong chng trnh (label).
C cc lnh iu khin logic sau:
+ Lnh nhy khng iu kin: JU, JL.
+ Lnh nhy c iu kin theo RLO: JC, JCN, JCB, JNB.
+ Lnh nhy c iu kin theo BR hoc OV/OS: JBI, JNBI, JO, JOS.
+ Lnh nhy theo m iu kin CC0, CC1: JZ,JN, JP, JM, JMZ, JPZ,
JUO.
+ Lnh iu khin lp vng: LOOP.
Nhn nhy n trong khi chng trnh nh du nn chuyn iu
khin logic ti (ni r nhnh n). N c chiu di ti a l 4 k t, v k t
u phi l ch, sau n phi c du hai chm.
- Cc lnh nhy khng iu kin:
+ Lnh nhy khng iu kin JU: lnh ny ngt lung iu khin
bnh thng v nhy n nhn c ch sau JU. Lnh ny c thc hin bt
chp iu kin no.
+ Lnh nhy theo danh sch JL: (ging lnh case hay switch trong
cc ngn ng lp trnh khc).
- Cc lnh nhy c iu kin da vo RLO:

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30
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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
+ JC nhn: nhy n nhn nu RLO=1 cn ngc li th thc hin
lnh k.
+ JCN nhn: nhy n nhn nu RLO=0 cn ngc li th thc hin
lnh k.
+ JCB nhn: nu RLO=1 th gn tr RLO vo BR v nhy n nhn,
cn ngc li th thc hin lnh k.
+ JNB nhn: nu RLO=0 th gn tr RLO vo BR v nhy n nhn,
- Cc lnh nhy c iu kin da theo BR hay OV/ OS:
Theo iu kin ca BR:
+ JBI nhn: nu BR=1 th nhy n nhn, cn ngc li th thc hin
lnh k.
+ JNBI nhn: nu BR=0 th nhy n nhn, cn ngc li th thc hin
lnh k.
Ch : cc lnh JBI v JNBI reset cc bit OR v FC trong STW v 0 v set bit
STA ln 1.
Theo iu kin OV:
+ JO nhn: nu OV=1 th nhy n nhn, cn ngc li th thc hin
lnh k.
Theo iu kin OS:
+ JOS nhn: nu OV=1 th nhy n nhn, cn ngc li th thc hin
lnh k. Lnh ny reset bit OS v 0.
- Cc lnh nhy c iu kin da theo CC1 v CC0:
Dng lnh: J<iu-kin> nhn
Vi cc iu-kin l :
+ Z (zero): nu kt qu l 0 th nhy n nhn, cn ngc li th thc
hin lnh k.
+ N (not zero): nu kt qu l khc 0 th nhy n nhn, cn ngc li
th thc hin lnh k.
+ P (positive): nu kt qu >0 th nhy n nhn, cn ngc li th thc
hin lnh k.

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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
+ M (minus = negative): nu kt qu <0 th nhy n nhn, cn ngc
li th thc hin lnh k.
+ MZ (minus hay zero): nu kt qu l 0 hay <0 th nhy n nhn, cn
ngc li th thc hin lnh k.
+ PZ (positive hay zero): nu kt qu l 0 hay >0 th nhy n nhn,
+ UO (unordered): nu 1 trong cc s ca php ton du chm ng
khng phi l s chm ng hp l th nhy n nhn, cn ngc li th thc
hin lnh k.
- Lnh iu khin vng lp:
Ta c th s dng lnh LOOP thc hin mt on chng trnh
nhiu ln. Lnh LOOP gim word thp ca ACCU1 bt i 1 v kim tra tr
mi c c ACCU1. Nu ACCU1 lc ny khc khng th nhy n nhn
ch ra k LOOP, cn ngc li th thc hin lnh k.
b, Cc lnh iu khin chng trnh:
Ta c th s dng cc lnh sau iu khin chng trnh.
- Lnh gi CALL dng gi FC, FB, SFC hay SFB m bt chp RLO
hay bt c iu kin no khc.
- Lnh gi c iu kin (CC) v khng iu kin (UC) dng gi cc
FC khng c tham s.
- Lnh gi khng iu kin (UC) dng gi SFC khng c tham s.
- R-le iu khin chnh MCR (Master Control Relay).
- Cc lnh kt thc khi khng iu kin (BEU) v kt thc khi c
iu kin (BEC).
-Gn tham s khi gi hm v khi hm
Tham s hnh thc (formal parameter): l tham s m tn v kiu d
liu ca n c gn v khai bo khi to khi. Sau khi vit chng trnh
th STEP7 t ng lit k tt c cc tham s hnh thc.
Khi ta phi gn cc tham s tht (actual parameter) cho cc tham s
hnh thc. Tham s tht l tham s l hm v khi hm s dng trong lc chy
chng trnh. Tham s tht phi c cng kiu d liu vi tham s hnh thc
tng ng gn cho n.
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32
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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
- Gi hm v khi hm bng CALL:
Ta c th s dng lnh CALL gi cc hm (FC) v khi hm (FB),
lnh ny gi FC hay FB do ta ch ra v c thc thi bt chp RLO hay bt k
iu kin no khc.
Khi ta gi khi hm FB th ta phi cung cp khi d liu instance cc
b. Khi d liu instance cha tt c cc bin tnh v cc tham s tht ca
khi hm.
Khi ta gi khi hm th lnh CALL chp li mt trong cc mc sau vo
khi d liu instance ca khi hm, ph thuc vo kiu d liu ca tham s
tht v vo khai bo ca tham s hnh thc (IN, OUT, IN-OUT):
+ Gi tr ca tham s tht.
+ Pointer ch n a ch ca tham s tht.
+ Pointer ch n L stack ca khi gi m gi tr ca tham s tht
c m.
Gi FB vi DB instance v cc tham s khi:
Vic gi c th xy ra mt khi cc chi tit sau c a vo lc
CALL:
+ Tn ca khi hm.
+ Tn ca khi d liu instance v
+ Cc tham s.
Lnh gi s dng a ch tuyt i hoc a ch k hiu.
Gi tuyt i: CALL FBx, Dby (cc tham s truyn);
Gi bng k hiu: CALL fbname, datablockname (pass parameters);
Vi fbname= tn k hiu ca khi
datablockname= tn k hiu ca khi d liu
- Gi hm v khi hm bng CC v UC:
Dng lnh: CC addr (conditional call: gi khi RLO=1)
UC addr (unconditional call: gi bt chp RLO)
Ch : khng c s dng DB instance vi CC v UC.
Addr c th l a ch trc tip hay l a ch gin tip b nh (memory
indirect address).
- Lm vic vi chc nng MCR:
nh Hip
33
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n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
MCR dng to hay ngt lung nng lng (ng dn in). Cc
lnh sau b nh hng bi MCR l: lnh gn (=), lnh SET v RESET bit (S,
R) v lnh chuyn d liu T (dng byte, word, double word). S ph thuc
ca chng theo MCR c cho theo bng 1.12.
Trng thi tn =
hiu ca MCR
0
Ghi 0
Thc thi
thng
S hay R
Khng ghi (ngha Ghi 0

l ton hng
khng i)
bnh Thc thi bnh Thc thi
thng
thng
bnh
Bng 2.13: cc lnh ph thuc MCR.
- Cc lnh ci t MCR
+ MCRA: kch hot vng MRC (A= Activate)
+ MCRD: b kch hot vng MCR (D= Deactivate)
+ MCR( : ct RLO vo ngn xp MCR, bt u vng MCR)MCR : ly
li RLO, kt thc vng MCR
Ch : khng bao gi s dng lnh MCR cho thit b an ton hay cp cu!
- nh hng ca MCRA v MCRD
Trong vng MCR nu gi 1 hm th hm khng b nh hng ca
vng MCR, mun hm c vng MCR th ta phi to thm. Hnh 1.6 cho thy
nh hng ca vng MCR.
- Ci t MCR
Cc lnh sau bt hay tt chc nng MCR:
+ Ct RLO trong ngn xp MCR, bt u MCR: MCR(
+ Ly li RLO< kt thc MCR: )MCR
Nh vy, ta phi lun lun c cp MCR( v )MCR; h thng cho php
lng cc cp MCR( v )MCR v ti a l 8.

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34
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iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
Hn
h 2.8: kch hot v b kch hot vng MCR.
- Cc lnh kt thc khi BEU v BEC

Lnh
BE
ngha
Kt thc khi (block end).
Khi hin hnh c kt thc bt chp RLO.
Qut chng trnh c tip tc lnh ngay sau lnh gi
khi.
BE lun lun l pht biu cui cng trong khi.

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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
BEU
Kt thc khi khng iu kin (unconditional).
Khi hin hnh c kt thc bt chp RLO.
Qut chng trnh c tip tc lnh ngay sau lnh gi
khi.
BEC
Kt thc khi c iu kin conditional).
Khi RLO=1 th khi hin hnh c kt thc v qut chng
trnh c tip tc lnh ngay sau lnh gi khi.
Khi RLO=0 th khng thc hin kt thc khi v cho RLO=1
sau thc hin lnh k lnh ny.
Bng 2.14: tm tt cc lnh kt thc khi.
2.4.5 B nh thi Timer.

a, Chc nng Timer:
Cc cng vic cn iu khin cn nhiu chc nng Timer khc nhau.
PLC SIMATIC S7 cho ngi s dng mt s timer vi cc chc nng khc
nhau. Mt word 16 bits (timer word) trong vng d liu h thng c gn
cho mt trong cc timer.
Timer to nn mt chc nng phc tp vi cc ng vo v ng ra sau:
- Ng vo Start: timer c bt u vi s thay i tn hiu t 0 ln
1 (RLO) ng vo Start ca n. Thi gian v hot ng ca timer phi
c lp trnh ngay sau hot ng qut iu kin bt u.
- Ng vo Reset: tn hiu ng vo Reset (RLO=1) lm dng timer.
Thi gian hin hnh c t v 0 v ng ra Q ca timer b xa v 0.
- Cc ng ra s: gi tr thi gian tht s c th c c t hai ng ra s
BI (s nh phn) v BCD (s thp phn).
- Ng ra nh phn: trng thi tn hiu ca ng ra nh phn Q ca timer
ph thuc vo chc nng timer c lp trnh.
Thi gian tr c khai bo vi timer bng mt gi tr 16 bits gm 2
thnh phn:
+ phn gii vi n v l ms.
+ Mt s nguyn (BCD) trong khong 0 n 999, gi l PV.
Vy, thi gian tr = phn gii* PV.
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iu khin t ng
15
14
13
12
Ngnh:
11 10
Gi tr PV di dng m BCD
phn gii
Khng s
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
10ms
100ms
1s
10s
dng
Mt s lnh dnh cho timer

- FR Tx : lnh cho php timer.
- R Tx : ch ng xa timer.
- L Tx : ly gi tr timer dng nh phn.
- L Tx : ly gi tr timer dng BCD.
Vi x t 0 n 255.
Hnh 2.9: cc lnh cho php s dng timer word
b, Cc v d bng gin cho tng loi timer:

- Timer SD (On delay timer): tr theo sn ln khng nh.

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iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
Hnh 2.10: gin xung cho timer SD.
- Timer SS ( Retentive on delay timer): tr theo sn ln c nh.
Hnh 2.11: gin xung cho timer SS.
- Timer SP (Pulse timer): timer to xung khng c nh.

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iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
Hnh 2.12: gin xung cho timer SP
- Timer SE (Extended pulse timer): timer to xung c nh.
Hnh 2.13: gin xung cho timer SE.
- Timer SF (Off delay): timer tr theo sn xung.

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iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
Hnh 2.14: gin xung cho timer SF.
2.4.6 B m Counter.
a, Chc nng Counter:
Counter l b m thc hin chc nng m sn xung ca cc tn hiu
u vo. S7-300 c ti a 256 Counter, k hiu Cx. Counter m tin theo
sn ln ca mt tn hiu vo th nht, k hiu l CU (count up) v m li
theo sn ln ca mt tn hiu vo th hai, k hiu l CD (count down).
Cc lnh dng cho Counter.
+ FR Cx : lnh cho php counter.
+ R Cx : lnh xa counter.
+ L Cx : c s m tc thi dng nh phn.
+ LC Cx : c s m tc thi dng BCD.
Hnh 2.15: np gi tr counter vo ACCU1 dng lnh L.

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iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
Hnh 2.16: np gi tr counter vo ACCU1 dng lnh LC.
b, V d minh ha:
Hnh 2.17: v d v cc lnh Counter.

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iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
2.5 Gii thiu phn mm Winncc

- V tr ca Control Center trong h thng WinCC :
Control Center c trng cho lp cao nht trong h thng Win CC. Tt
c cc moduls ca ton b h thng WinCC u c bt u t y.
Ni dung ca Control Center gm c:
+ Chc nng
+ Cu trc
+ Cc editor chun
- WinCC l giao din gia ngi v my mc trong thit k t ng :
WinCC l h thng trung tm v cng ngh v k thut c dng
iu hnh cc nhim v ca mn hnh hin th v h thng iu khin trong t
ng ha sn xut v qu trnh. H thng ny cung cp cc modul chc nng
thch ng trong cng nghip v: hin th hnh nh, thng ip, lu tr v bo
co. Giao din iu khin mnh, vic truy cp hnh nh nhanh chng, v chc
nng lu tr an ton ca n m bo tnh hu dng cao.
Ngoi cc chc nng h thng, WinCC cn m ra cc giao din cho cc
gii php ca ngi s dng, nhng giao din ny khin chng c th tch
hp WinCC vo cc gii php t ng ha phc tp v ton cng ty. Vic x
l d liu lu tr c tch hp bng cc giao din chun ODBC v SQL.
Vic thm vo cc i tng v cc ti liu cng c tch hp bng OLE2.0
v OLE Custom Controls (OCX). Cc c ch ny lm cho WinCC tr thnh
mt b phn am hiu v d truyn ti trong mi trng Windows.
WinCC da vo h iu hnh 32 bit MS-Windows 95 hay MSWindows NT. C hai u c kh nng v thc hin a nhim v, m bo
phn ng nhanh chng vi vic x l ngt v an ton chng li s mt d
liu bn trong mc cao. Windows NT cn cung cp cc chc nng to
ra s an ton v phc v nh mt nn tng cho hot ng ca cc servers
trong h thng WinCC nhiu ngi s dng. Chnh phn mm WinCC cng l
ng dng 32 bit c pht trin vi cng ngh phn mm hng i tng v
hin i nht.

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42
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iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
2.5.1 Ni dung ca control center

2.5.1.1 Chc nng.
Control Center cha tt c cc chc nng qun l cho ton h thng
WinCC. Trong Control Center, ta c th t cu hnh v khi ng module
run-time.
a, Nhim v ca qun l d liu:
Qun l d liu cung cp nh qu trnh vi cc gi tr ca tag. Tt c
cc hot ng ca qun l d liu u chy trn mt background (nn).
b, Nhim v ca Control Center
- Cc nhim v chnh ca Control Center:
+ Lp cu hnh hon chnh.
+ Hng dn gii thiu vic lp cu hnh.
+ Thch ng vic n nh, gi, v lu tr cc projects.
+ Qun l cc projects.
+ C kh nng ni mng cc chc nng son tho cho nhiu ngi s
dng trong mt project.
+ Qun l phin bn.
+ Din t bng th ca d liu cu hnh.
+ iu khin v t cu hnh cho cc hnh v/ cu trc h thng.
+ Thit lp vic ci t ton cc.
+ t cu hnh cho cc chc nng nh v c bit.
+ To v son tho cc tham kho an cho.
+ Phn hi ti liu.
+ Bo co trng thi h thng.
+ Thit lp h thng ch.
+ Chuyn gia run-timer v cu hnh.
+ Kim tra ch / m phng/ tr gip thao tc t cu hnh d liu,
bao gm dch hnh v, m phng tag, hin th trng thi, v to thng ip.
2.5.1.2 Cu trc.
Control Center c cc cu trc nh sau:
- Control Center
nh Hip
43
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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
+ Tm hiu WinCC trong Control Center.Giao din ha cho cu hnh
di mi trng Windows 95 v Windows NT.
+ Qun l d liu. Cung cp nh qu trnh vi cc gi tr ca tag.
Truyn d liu m qun l d liu nhn t cc h thng t ng.
- Cc module chc nng
+ H thng ha (Graphic Designer)
Hin th v kt ni qu trnh bng th.
+ Vit chng trnh cho cc thao tc (Global Scrips)
To mt d n ng cho cc yu cu c bit.
+ H thng thng bo (Alarm Logging)
Xut cc thng bo v hi p.
+ Lu tr v son tho cc gi tr o lng (Tag Logging)
Son tho cc gi tr o lng v lu gi chng trong thi gian di.
Son tho d liu hng ngi s dng v lu gi chng trong thi
gian di.
+ H thng bo co (Report Designer)
Bo co trng thi h thng.
- Phn hi ti liu:
i vi Control Center, vic in ra mt h thng nh sn c trong
Report Designer phn hi ti liu. Tt c cc my tnh , tags, v cc kt ni
c nh hnh u c in ra bng print job hay hin th trn mn hnh.
- Cc kiu d liu d n c xut ra bng cch phn hi ti liu:
+ My tnh: tn v kiu my tnh (Server hay Client).
+ Tag management: tn tag, kiu d liu, kt ni , knh.
+ Kt ni: kt ni, n v v tham s.
2.5.1.3 Son tho.
Editor dng son tho v iu khin mt project hon chnh. Cc b
son tho trong Control Center:
Chng trnh son tho
Alarm Logging
(Bo ng)
nh Hip
Gii thch
Nhn cc thng bo t cc qu trnh
chun b, hin th, hi p, v lu
44
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n tt nghip
iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
tr cc thng bo ny.
User Administrator
Vic iu khin truy nhp s cho
(Qun l ngi dng)
php cho cc nhm v ngi s
dng.
Text Library
Cha cc vn bn tu thuc ngn
(Th vin vn bn)
ng do ta to ra.
Report Designer
Cung cp h thng bo co c tch
(Bo co)
hp m ta c th s dng bo co
d liu, cc gi tr qu trnh hin
hnh v lu tr, cc thng bo
hin hnh v lu tr, h thng ti
liu ca chnh ngi s dng.
Global Scripts
Cho php ta to cc d n ng ty
(Vit chng trnh)
thuc vo tng yu cu c bit. B
son tho ny cho php ta to cc
hm C v cc thao tc c th c s
dng trong mt hay nhiu projects
ty theo kiu ca chng.
Tag Logging
X l cc gi tr o lng v lu tr
chng trong thi gian di.
Graphics Designer
Cung cp cc mn hnh hin th v
(Thit k ha)
kt ni n cc qu trnh.
Cc thnh phn project trong Control Center.
Mt project gm cc thnh phn sau:
+ My tnh.
+ Qun l tag.
+ Kiu d liu.
+ Son tho.
a, My tnh.
Thnh phn Computer dng qun l tt c cc my tnh c th truy
nhp mt project hin thi. Ta c th t cu hnh cho mi my tnh ring
bit.
Cc thuc tnh ca mt my tnh:
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n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
- Tn my tnh.
- Kiu my tnh:
+ Server : My tnh trung tm lu tr d liu v qun l ton cc
trong h thng WinCC.
+ Client : Cng c nh ngha nh mt workstation. Control Center
c ti cc b trong tng my tnh loi ny.
b, Qun l tag.
Thnh phn ny c nhiu mc con nh : cc b iu khin truyn thng
qun l cc tag qu trnh, cc tag ni, cc kt ni logic v cc nhm tag.
- Cc b iu khin truyn thng:

B iu khin truyn thng l giao din gia mt h thng PLC v
WinCC. H thng WinCC cha cc b iu khin truyn thng trong Knh
DLL v B iu khin truyn thng. Chng cho ta cc thng tin v:
+ iu kin tin quyt cn x l cc tag qu trnh bng PLC.
+ Cc th tc chung kt ni vi tag ngoi.
+ Gii thiu cu hnh c bit ca knh DLL.
Cc kiu iu khin truyn thng nh: Modbus Protocol Suite.chn,
Mitsubishi FX.CHN, Profibus DP.CHN, Modbus serial.CHN, SIMATIC S7
Protocol Suite.CHN, SIMATIC S5 ETHERNET TF.CHN
- Khi knh:
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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
Mt knh WinCC c thc hin nh mt Windows DLL v c
lin kt ng vi h thng. Mi knh WinCC thc hin vic truy nhp cc
kiu tham s kt ni c bit vi cc nghi thc c bit (chng hn, knh
SIMATIC S5 Ethernet TF h tr vic truy nhp SIMATIC S5 vi TF
Protocol). Mt knh DLL c th h tr nhiu khi knh ca cng mt kiu.
V d, knh DLL ca SIMATIC S5 Ethernet TF c th c iu khin vi
khi SINEC-H1 (CP1413) cng nh vi khi SINEC -L2 (CP5412) ti cng
mt lc. Qun l d liu ca WinCC i hi cc gi tr qu trnh lc run
time t PLC xa thng qua kt ni logic. Khi knh s thc hin cc bc
truyn thng cn thit p ng yu cu v cc gi tr qu trnh bng kt ni
knh c bit, v do cung cp cc gi tr quy trnh ny cho qun l d liu
WinCC. D liu c vo c lu tr nh nh qu trnh trong RAM ca my
tnh. Tt c cc thnh phn ca WinCC u truy nhp nh qu trnh ny. Cc
kt ni logic, cc nhm tag, v cc tags cng c th c n nh vo mt
khi knh.
Hnh 2.18: mng giao tip gia my tnh v PLC.
- Kt ni:
Mt kt ni logic m t giao din gia h thng t ng v qun l d
liu WinCC.
Qun l d liu ca my server m trch vic cung cp cc tags vi
cc gi tr qu trnh khi run time. Qun l d liu cung cp cc gi tr qu
trnh n cc tags ni b ca n cng nh cc tags ca my client tng ng.
Qun l d liu chuyn cc tags c truy cp n kt ni logic ca chng v
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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
do vy n c knh thch hp. Cc knh s thc hin cc bc truyn thng
cn thit bng tuyn qu trnh theo cch ti u nht. Bng cch ny, vic gim
thiu chuyn d liu l cn thit trn tuyn qu trnh gn gi tr cho cc
tags.
Logical Connection
Channel
Danh sch cc tags c truy cp
- Tag:
Tags WinCC l phn t trung tm truy nhp cc gi tr qu trnh.
Trong mt project, chng nhn mt tn v mt kiu d liu duy nht. Kt ni
logic s c gn vi tag WinCC. Kt ni ny xc nh rng knh no s
chuyn giao gi tr qu trnh cho cc tags. Cc tags c lu tr trong c s
d liu ton d n. Khi mt ch ca WinCC khi ng, tt c cc tags
trong mt project c np v cc cu trc run time tng ng c thit lp.
Mi tag c lu tr trong qun l d liu theo mt kiu d liu chun.
+ Tag ni:
Cc tags ni khng c a ch trong h thng PLC, do qun l d
liu bn trong WinCC s cung cp cho ton b network. Cc tags ni c
dng lu tr thng tin tng qut nh : ngy, gi hin hnh; lp hin hnh;
cp nht lin tc. Hn na, cc tags ni cn cho php trao i d liu gia cc
ng dng thc hin vic truyn thng cho cng qu trnh theo cch tp
trung v ti u.
+ Tag ngoi:
Trong h thng WinCC, tag ngoi cng c hiu l tag qu trnh. Cc
tags ngoi c lin kt vi truyn thng logic. phn nh thng tin v a
ch ca cc h thng PLC khc nhau, cc tags ngoi cha mt mc tng qut
gm cc thng tin v tn, kiu, cc gi tr gii hn v mt mc chuyn bit v

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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
kt ni m cch din t ph thuc kt ni logic. Qun l d liu lun cung cp
nhng mc c bit ca tag ngoi cho cc ng dng trong mt mu vn bn.
- Nhm tag:
Nhm tag cha tt c cc tags c kt ni logic ln nhau.
V d v cc nhm tag:
+ CPU: nhm ny cha tt c cc tags truy nhp cng mt CPU.
+ L nhit: nhm ny cha tt c cc tags truy nhp cho mt l.
+ I/O s: nhm ny cha tt c cc tags truy nhp cc I/Os s.
+ I/O tng t: : nhm ny cha tt c cc tags truy nhp cc I/Os
tng t.
Mt kt ni logic din t giao din gia h thng t ng v qun l d
liu. Mi nhm tag c gn vi mt khi knh. Mt knh c th cha nhiu
nhm tag.
c, Cc kiu d liu:
Ta phi gn mt trong cc kiu d liu sau cho mi tag c nh cu
hnh. Vic gn kiu d liu cho tag c thc hin trong khi to mt tag mi.
Kiu d liu ca mt tag th c lp vi kiu tag (tag ni hay tag qu trnh).
Trong WinCC, mt kiu d liu no cng u c th c chuyn i
thnh kiu khc bng cch iu chnh li dng.
Cc kiu d liu c trong WinCC:
Data Types
Format Adaptable
Binary Tag
Signed 8-Bit Value
Unsigned 8-Bit Value
Signed 16-Bit Value
Signed 32-Bit Value
Floating-Point Number 32-Bit IEEE 754
Floating-Point Number 64-Bit IEEE 754
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No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
SV:Bi
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iu khin t ng
Text Tag 8-Bit Character Set
Text Tag 16-Bit Character Set
Raw Data Type
Text Reference
Structure Types
Ngnh:
No
No
No
No
No
Gii thiu vi kiu d liu thng dng:

- Kiu d liu 8-bit khng du: kiu ny c di 1 byte v khng c
du.
Adapt Format
Number Range
ByteToUnsignedByte
0 to 255
(no conversion)
0 to 255
0 to 255
0 to 127
0 to 255
0 to 255
0 to 99
0 to 255
0 to 255
0 to 99
0 to 255
0 to 255
0 to 99
0 to 255
0 to 255
ByteToUnsignedWord
ByteToUnsignedDword
ByteToSignedByte
ByteToSignedWord
ByteToSignedDword
ByteToBCDByte
ByteToBCDWord
ByteToBCDDword
ByteToAikenByte
ByteToAikenWord
ByteToAikenDword
ByteToExcessByte
ByteToExcessWord
ByteToExcessDword
- Kiu d liu 16 bit khng du: kiu ny di 2 bytes v khng c du.

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Adapt Format
Ngnh:
Number Range
WordToUnsignedWord
0 to 65535
(no conversion)
WordToUnsignedByte
0 to 255
WordToUnsignedDword
0 to 65535
WordToSignedByte
0 to 127
WordToSignedWord
0 to 32767
WordToSignedDword
0 to 65535
WordToBCDByte
0 to 99
WordToBCDWord
0 to 9999
WordToBCDDword
0 to 65535
WordToAikenByte
0 to 99
WordToAikenWord
0 to 9999
WordToAikenDword
0 to 65535
WordToExcessByte
0 to 99
WordToExcessWord
0 to 9999
WordToExcessDword
0 to 65535
WordToS5Counter
0 to 999
- Kiu d liu 32 bit khng du: kiu ny di 4 bytes v khng c du.
Adapt Format
Number Range
DwordToUnsignedDword
0 to 4294967295
(no conversion)
0 to 255
0 to 65535
0 to 127
0 to 32767
0 to 2147483647
0 to 99
0 to 9999
DwordToUnsignedByte
DwordToUnsignedWord
DwordToSignedByte
DwordToSignedWord
DwordToSignedDword
DwordToBCDByte
DwordToBCDWord
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iu khin t ng
DwordToBCDDword
DwordToAikenByte
DwordToAikenWord
DwordToAikenDword
DwordToExcessByte
DwordToExcessWord
DwordToExcessDword
DwordToS5Timer
Ngnh:
0 to 99999999
0 to 99
0 to 9999
0 to 99999999
0 to 99
0 to 9999
0 to 99999999
10 to 9990000
d, Son tho:
Thnh phn son tho gm c: Alarm Logging, User Administrator,
Text Library, Report Designer, Global Scripts, Tag Logging, Graphic
Designers c trnh by c th trong chng 2.
2.6 Cc thnh phn son tho
2.6.1 Alarm logging.
2.6.1.1 Chc nng.
Son tho Alarm Logging m trch v cc thng bo nhn c v lu
tr. N cha cc chc nng nhn cc thng bo t cc qu trnh, chun
b, hin th, hi p v lu tr chng. Vi c tnh ny, Alarm Logging gip ta
tm ra nguyn nhn ca li.
H thng Alarm Logging c cc c tnh sau:
+ Cung cp cc thng tin v li v trng thi hot ng ton din.
+ Cho php sm nhn ra cc tnh trng nguy cp.
+ Trnh v gim thiu thi bo.
+ Cht lng sn phm ngy cng tng.
+ Cung cp ti liu.
Alarm Logging chia lm 2 thnh phn: h thng cu hnh (Alarm
Logging CS) v h thng run-time (Alarm Logging RT).
a, Nhim v ca Alarm Logging CS:
S dng Alarm Logging CS t cu hnh cho cc thng bo
chng c hin th theo cch m ta mun. Ta c th thc hin iu ny trc
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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
khi h thng run-time khi ng. H thng cu hnh Alarm Logging ca
WinCC cung cp mt giao din c bit m ta to lp sn.
b, Nhim v ca Alarm Logging RT:
Alarm Logging c nhim v thu thp cc thng bo v hi p. N
chun b cc thng bo hin th v lu tr.
c, Khi qut v Alarm Logging.
- Thng bo:
Cc thng bo c xut ra t cc bin c v c hin th bi Alarm
Logging theo trnh t thi gian. H thng phn bit gia cc kiu s c sau:
+ Binary events.
+ Cc dng thng bo.
+ Theo di cc s c.
- Binary events: l nhng thay i trng thi trong cc tags (tag ni v
tag ngoi).
- Cc dng thng bo: cha cc mc v chc nng sau:
+ Qu trnh.
+ Theo di h thng iu khin.
+ Cc ng dng.
- Theo di cc s c: h thng Alarm Logging cha h tr vic theo di
s c. Tuy nhin, ta vn c th lit k cc s c:
+ Trn b phn lu tr v ROM.
+ Thng bo v my in.
+ Li do server.
+ S c truyn thng qu trnh.
+ Thng bo nhm.
+ iu khin qu trnh v lu tr.
- Th tc thng bo
WinCC h tr 2 th tc thng bo: th tc thng bo bit v thng bo
ng trnh t thi gian.
+ Th tc thng bo bit: l th tc ph bin cho php nhn cc thng
bo t PLC. Alarm Logging s thu thp cc gi tr thc s t vic qun l tag
ca qun l d liu. Alarm Logging s gn ngy, gi trong th tc ny.
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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
+ Thng bo ng trnh t thi gian: th tc ny gi s rng chnh cc
PLCs to ra thng bo s c, t n nh ngy/ gi v cc gi tr qu trnh cho
n. Tt c cc thng bo ca PLC c nhm li bi mt dng thng bo to
sn cho ton b project.
d, Cu trc mt thng bo:
Mt thng bo cha cc thng tin h thng v cc tham s khc, c
hin th theo hnh thc ca cc ct. Nu cc ct ny cha cc tn ng nht,
cc gi tr v cc khi ging nhau, th chng c gi l cc khi thng bo.
Cc khi thng bo c chia thnh 3 vng sau:
- Cc khi h thng: cc khi ny cha d liu h thng c gn bi
Alarm Logging. Cc d liu bao gm: ngy, gi, bo co ID.
- Cc khi gi tr quy trnh: cc khi ny cha cc gi tr truyn t qu
trnh, v d nh vt mc v nhit nguy cp.
- Cc khi vn bn cho ngi dng: l nhng khi vn bn cho cc
thng tin tng qut v d hiu nh : gii thch cc thng bo, ni li xy ra, v
ngun gc thng bo.
e, T chc cc thng bo:
WinCC cung cp 16 lp thng bo vi 16 kiu thng bo. Ta c th t
cu hnh cho cc lp thng bo. Mi mt thng bo c gn vi mt kiu
thng bo. Cc kiu thng bo cng c nhm trong cc lp thng bo.
f, Hin th cc thng bo trong ch runtime:
- Bo co thng bo: mt hnh thc khc ca vic chuyn thng bo l
hin th bng bo co. H thng phn bit gia cc kiu sau:
- Bo co thng bo theo trnh t: cung cp lin tc cc th tc v
thng bo.
- Bo co lu tr: cha cc thng tin vo ni lu tr.
- Thng bo n v theo nhm: nu cc thng bo c nh hnh ring
bit (thng bo n) nhm li vi nhau th chng c gi l cc thng bo
theo nhm. Mt thng bo theo nhm c th c to cho mi lp v kiu
thng bo. Ngoi ra ta c th kt hp cc thng bo theo nhm. Nu mt
thng bo theo nhm c hin th, ngha l c t nht mt thng bo n
c thc thi. Ta khng th nhn ra cc thng bo n trong kiu hin th ny.
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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
- Kha v cho php thng bo: nhng thng bo c bit, nhng lp v
kiu thng bo c th n v hin li trong vic thu thp ch run time.
- Ghi nhn: Alarm Logging c th s dng lu tr trong thi gian ngn
v lu tr tun t.
+ Lu tr trong thi gian ngn: c th lu tr trong thi gian ngn n
10.000 thng bo trong danh sch cc thng bo.Ta c th ti ni lu tr vo
mt trong hai vng sau: b m vng ca b nh chnh v trong a cng.
+ Lu tr tun t: ton b a cng c th c s dng. Ta c th
dng cc vng lu tr nh: lu tr trong thi gian ngn, v lu tr lin tc
trn a cng.
2.6.2 Graphics designer.
2.6.2.1 Chc nng.
Graphics Designer dng to cc hnh v t qu trnh. N c cc c
tnh sau:
+ D s dng, giao din n gin vi cc mu ha v cng c.
+ Hp l ha cu hnh vi cc th vin i tng v biu tng tch
hp.
+ M ra cc giao din a vo cc hnh ha v h tr giao din
OLE 2.0.
+ Lin kt cc chc nng b sung bng c cu vit chng trnh rt
hiu qu.
+ Lin kt cc i tng ha m ta t to.
2.6.2.2 Cu trc.
Graphics Designer cha cc mc sau:
- Cc palettes to v bin tp cc i tng ha.
+ Palette mu sc.
+ Palette i tng.
+ Palette v kiu.
+ Palette thu phng.
+ Palette font ch.
- Cc palettes v cc thanh (bar) thao tc trn Graphics Designer.
+ Thanh menu.
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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
+ Palette chun.
+ Thanh trng thi.
+ Thanh layer.
- Ca s hi thoi thit lp v thay i c tnh ca i tng.
+ c tnh i tng
a , Palette i tng:
Cc i tng c sn c xp vo cc vng di y:
+ Standard Objects: gm cc hnh a gic, elip, hnh ch nht.
+ Smart Objects: gm c OLE control, OLE object, bar, I/O field.
+ Window Objects: bao gm Button v Chech Box.
- Standard Objects:
-Graphic Objects: dng v cc hnh h thng.

+ Static Text: thc thi nh mt text. Ta c th thay i hnh dng, v tr,
v ni dung ca text box khi ang run time.
- Smart Objects:

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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
+ Application Windows: l cc i tng c qun l bi h thng
thng bo (Alarm Logging), h thng lu tr (Tag Logging), h thng bo co
(Print Jobs), v cc ng dng (Global Scripts). Trong Graphic Designer, cc
c tnh bn ngoi (v tr, kch thc, v cc thuc tnh khc) cng c t
cu hnh v chuyn n ng dng khi run time. ng dng m ra cc ca s
ng dng v qun l n hin th v thao tc.
+ Picture Windows: l i tng thu nhn cc hnh v c to t
Graphics Designer. Chng c cu hnh theo v tr, kch c, v cc c tnh
ng khc. V d mt c tnh quan trng l xem xt cc hnh v hin th
trong picture window.
+ OLE Control: s dng OLE Control b sung thm phn t trong
Window (nh nt nhn hay hp chn la). Mt OLE Control c cc thuc
tnh c hin th trong ca s Object Properties, Event v c th son
tho .
+ OLE Object: Graphics Designer h tr tnh nng chn vo mt OLE
Object trong ha. Sau khi thc hin vic chuyn i lin kt OLE
Object trong hp i tng, ta phi truy cp s lin kt hin th nhng thay
i.
+ I/O field: ta c th s dng n nh mt input field, output field, hay
mt I/O field kt hp. Cc dng d liu c th c: nh phn, thp lc phn,
thp phn, hay chui. Ta cng c th nh r cc gi tr gii hn, u vo n,
thu nhn khi vng field b y.
+ Bar: c gn vi nhm Smart Object. Cc thuc tnh ca n c nh
hng n hnh dng, tnh nng ca n v hin th cc gi tr lin quan gii
hn cao v thp.
+ Graphic Object: nhn hnh v c to t mt dng ha bn ngoi
vo Graphic Designer.
+ Status Display: hin th c 32 trng thi khc nhau ca mt i
tng. Ta c th hin th bng cch kt ni n vi tag c gi tr tng ng vi
trng thi. S dng hp thoi t cu hnh cho mn hnh trng thi mt
cch n gin v nhanh chng.

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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
+ Text List: s dng text list gn gi tr cho text. N c dng nh
mt input list, output list, hay text list kt hp. Cc dng d liu c th c:
thp phn, nh phn, bit.
+ 3D Bar: c gn vi nhm Smart Object. Cc thuc tnh ca n c
nh hng n hnh dng, tnh nng ca n v hin th cc gi tr lin quan
gii hn cao v thp. Ta c th t cu hnh hin th 3 chiu theo cch m ta
mun. 3D Bar l mt b phn ca hp la chn iu Khin Qu Trnh C
Bn.
+ Group Display: a ra mn hnh cc trng thi hin ti ca cc kiu
thng bo theo cch tp trung c th t. Khng c s kt ni vi h thng
thng bo trong WinCC.
- Window Objects:
+ Button: dng iu khin cc ngt qu trnh. N nhn bit hai trng
thi (nhn v khng nhn). S lin kt vi qu trnh c thc hin bng cch
to ra cc thuc tnh ng tng ng.
+ Check box: c s dng khi ta cn nhiu s la chn. Ta c th
chn mt hay nhiu hp trong Check Box. Mt lin kt linh hot vi qu trnh
c th c thc hin bng cch to ra cc thuc tnh ng tng ng.
+ Option Group: cng ging vi Check Box nhng ch cho php chn
mt. S lin kt qu trnh t Option Group c th c to trong khi run time
bng cch to ra cc thuc tnh ng tng ng.
+ Round Button: thc hin nh mt button cho cc ngt qu trnh hot
ng. Tuy nhin, ngc li vi button, n cho php cht c hai trng thi nhn
v khng nhn.
+ Slider: thc hin nh mt b hiu chnh dch chuyn iu khin
qu trnh ( v d nh iu khin nhit ). Tm iu khin nm gia gi tr
min v max. Ta c th lin kt vi qu trnh bng cc thuc tnh ng thch
hp.
b, Tab Property:
Tab Property dng xc nh thuc tnh cho i tng c chn.

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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
- Subject Tree: cc thuc tnh ca i tng c sp xp thnh nhm.
Khi ta chn mt nhm t Subject Tree, cc thuc tnh tng ng s c hin
th. Subject Tree gm c:
+ Geometry (hnh hc).
+ Colors (mu sc).
+ Styles (kiu).
+ Flashing (chp sng).
+ Filling (y).
+ Font (kiu ch).
+ Limits (gii hn).
+ Axis (trc ta ).
+ Miscellaneous (cc thuc tnh khc).
+ Output/Input (vo/ ra).
- Attributes: ta c th thay i thuc tnh bng cch s dng cc gi tr
u vo, cc bng mu, hay menu da vo kiu thuc tnh. Ta c th to cc
thuc tnh ng bng cch s dng tag hay gi tr tr v ca mt thao tc.
c, Tab event:
Trong tab Event, ta xc nh nhng thao tc no c thc hin bi
i tng chn.
- Subject Tree: gm c cc phn nh sau:
+ Chut.
+ Bn phm.
+ Cc thuc tnh khc.
+ Cc thuc tnh ca i tng.
- Event: nu mt s kin c lin kt vi mt thao tc, th biu tng
tia chp
s chuyn sang mu xanh. Cc hm chun c sn cho cc thao tc
m ta c th chn trong hp thoi. Ta cng c th lp trnh cho cc thao tc
bng ngn ng lp trnh C.
- Object Event: mi i tng trong hnh v c th lin kt vi cc thao
tc.
Ta c th to ra mt thao tc bng cc s kin sau:
+ S kin nhn hay nh chut bng nt tri hoc phi.
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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
+ S kin nhn hay nh phm.
+ Cc s kin khc: thay i i tng.
+ Cc s kin lin kt thuc tnh cho i tng:
+ Thay i thuc tnh i tng.
+ Thay i trng thi ca tag c nh hng n thuc tnh ca i
tng.
- Triggering Events: vic to cc s kin ph thuc vo i tng ta
chn t Subject Tree.Action (A) hin th mt thao tc c n nh hay mt
kt ni trc tip.
- Selecting the Action:
+ C Action:C Action xy ra khi lin kt s kin vi hm nh
trong ngn ng lp trnh ANSI-C v c to mt cch tun hon bi cc s
kin.Biu tng tia chp chuyn sang mu xanh khi s kin c kt ni vi
mt hm.
+ Direct Connection: Dng ca s hp thoi Direct Connection
chn phn t ngun v lin kt n vi phn t ch.Khi kt ni trc tip c
thc hin cho mt s kin th biu tng tia chp cng chuyn sang mu
xanh.
CHNG 3
THIT K IU KHIN
3.1 Gii Php iu Khin
3.1.2 Thit k h thng bi trn u vo my nghin xi
Mc ch chnh ca cc trm bi trn l bi trn cc con trt l
xo cho my nghin bi.Trm bi bao gm mt b du,3 bm kp: bm iu
ha ,bm p sut thp(LP),bm p sut cao(HP),thit b lm mt bng
nc,thit b gia nhit,van cc loi. Khi mt lnh Start c a ra v khng
c tn hiu cnh bo no trong h thng h thng bi trn s hot ng. Nu
nhit di 25 o C hoc di mc min th h thng khng hot ng,nu
nhit ln hn hoc bng 25 o C th bm iu ha hot ng. Nu nhit
trong bnh di 60 o C th thit b gia nhit hot ng. Nu nhit ln hn
60 o C 2 bm LP v HP hot ng. V h thng sn sng cho ng c
nghin xi khi ng. Nu ln hn 65 o C th ng hi lu du qua h thng

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Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
lm mt bng nc. Nu nhit ca bnh du qu 70 o C trong vng 2 pht
h thng s t ngt.Nu nhit bnh du qu 80 o C th h thng ngt ngay
lp tc.Nu nhit b du di 55 o C trong vng 2 pht th h thng t
ngt. Nu nhit trong bnh di 45 o C h thng dng ngay lp tc .Khi p
sut trong P 3pa bng th bm p sut cao ngng. Nu p sut p<2.5 pa
th h bm p sut cao s hot ng tr li ti p=3pa th li ngng.
3.1.3 Thit k h thng ng bao
Khi khi ng h thng th cc ng c gu ti,ng c sng rung,ng
c chnh ca my ng bao, 8 ng c y xi, qut root lm ti xi v cc
ng c bng ti xi hot ng. Khi cng nhn a bao xi vo vi h thng s
xc nhn c bao xi s thi kh nn vo lm cng bao xi. o p sut t yu
cu s m van xi. Di tc ng ca 8 ng c xi s c y vo bao xi.
Di sc nng ca bao xi t xung gi loadcell tc ng.V da trn gi
tr t thng l 50kg h thng kp bao xi s t ng nh xung bng ti cao
su ri xung t vn chuyn. H thng c cc cng tc an ton khi ngi b
qun vo my s chm vo cng tc hnh trnh s t ng dng ng c my
ng bao. Cc cng tc bo qu ti do vt kt vo h thng,cng tc bo bng
ti lch bng s dng my ng bao.
3.2 S iu khin

nh Hip
61
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
3.3 Lp Trnh trn S7 300 v Gim st iu khin trn WinnCC

3.3.1 Lp trnh phn mm cho S7 300
3.3.1.1 Phn cng cho lp trnh S7 300
3.3.1.2 Lp trnh S7 300 dng LAD

nh Hip
62
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng

nh Hip
Ngnh:
63
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng

nh Hip
Ngnh:
64
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng

nh Hip
Ngnh:
65
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng

nh Hip
Ngnh:
66
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng

nh Hip
Ngnh:
67
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng

nh Hip
Ngnh:
68
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng

nh Hip
Ngnh:
69
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
Ngnh:
iu khin t ng
3.3.3 Lp trnh iu khin gim st trn phn mm WinCC
3.3.3.1 Kt ni WinCC
Kt ni h thng bi trn cho ng c nghin xi
Kt ni h thng ng bao

nh Hip
70
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
Lp trnh giao din iu khin gim st h thng dung phn mm WinCC
Cc graphic designer.
3.3.3.2 Lp trnh giao din chnh cho h thng iu khin gim st

+Giao din chnh
+ Lp trnh giao din cho h thng bi trn ng c nghin xi
+ Lp trnh giao din cho h thng ng bao.

nh Hip
71
SV:Bi
Ngnh:
Giao din chnh iu khin h thng
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng

nh Hip
72
SV:Bi
Ngnh:
H thng ng bao
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng

nh Hip
73
SV:Bi
Ngnh:
H thng bi trn cho ng c nghin xi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng

nh Hip
74
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
Kt lun
K t khi nhn c n, vi s hng dn tn tnh ca cc
thy cc c cng vi s n lc ca bn thn n nay em hon thnh bn
n tt nghip.
Trong qu trnh lm n vi tinh thn hc tp nghim tc v
khng ngng hc hi, em thc hin y cc phn theo ni dung ca
n: Thit k h thng iu khin gim st cho nh cho phn xng nghin v
ng bao cho nh my xi mng Tam ip.V c bn, n cng phn nh
c: h thng bi trn cho ng c nghin xi v h thng ng bao ca nh
my. em li kh nng tin ch cho ngi iu khin v gim st h thng.
Trong khong thi gian lm n ny gip em tip thu c
kin thc thc t v cng c li nhng kin thc c thy c dy trc
y. ng thi cng gi m cho bn thn em cch hc tp, lm vic khoa hc
ca mt ngi cn b lm k thut tng lai. Trong qu trnh lm n, cn
c nhng hn ch v nhn thc, kin thc thc t v thi gian, cc phn trnh
by trong n chc chn khng th trnh khi nhng thiu st, em rt mong
c s ch bo ca cc thy cc c.
Cui cng em xin chn thnh cm n thy Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy
v cc thy c trong b mn o lng v iu Khin T ng cng nh cc
thy c trong khoa in T tn tnh gip em hon thnh bn n ny.

nh Hip
75
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng
Ngnh:
Ti liu tham kho

[1] TS.Trn Thu H, KS Phm Quang Huy, Lp trnh vi S7 v WinCC
[2] Nguyn Don Phc, Phan Xun Minh, V Vn H T ng ha vi
Simatic S7- 300
[3] TS Nguyn Nh Hin, TS Nguyn Mnh Tng, iu khin logic v
PLC
[4] www.hiendaihoa.com
[5] www.vicem.vn

nh Hip
76
SV:Bi
n tt nghip
iu khin t ng

nh Hip
Ngnh:
77
SV:Bi

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n tt nghip

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

2.2 Cu trc chng trnh.

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

b, Lp trnh c cu trc (structured) :

Hnh 2.2 : Cc khi v hm

S cc lnh gi lng nhau ph thuc vo tng chng loi module CPU

Bng 2.1: so snh kh nng lp trnh ca cc PLC SIMATIC S7-300.

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

STA RLO /FC

Bng 2.2 :Thanh ghi trng thi

- Bit /FC (first check)

- Bit STA (status)

Bng 2.4: CC1 v CC0 sau lnh ton hc s nguyn, c trn.

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

Bng 2.6: CC1 v CC0 sau cc lnh so snh.

Bng 2.7: CC1 v CC0 sau cc lnh dch v xoay.

Bng 2.8: CC1 v CC0 sau cc lnh logic trn word.

- Bit BR (Binary Result)

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

Bng 2.9: tm tt cc lnh xoay bit.

Hnh 2.4: xoay ACCU1 qua tri 3 bit.

Th d: xoay phi word kp.

Hnh 2.5: Xoay ACCU1 phi 3 bit.

Hnh 2.6: xoay tri 1 bit qua CC1.

Bng 2.10: chuyn i s BCD v s nguyn.

e,Nhm lnh chuyn i s du chm ng 32 bits sang s nguyn 32

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

chn v l th s chn kt qu chn

Bng 2.11: chuyn i s du chm ng 32 bits sang s ngyn 32 bits.

Hnh 2.7: tm tt cc lnh chuyn i v lm trn.

f, Nhm lnh so snh:

datatype c th l I (s nguyn 16 bits), D (s nguyn kp 32 bits), R (s

Bng 2.12: nh hng ca cc lnh so snh ln CC1 v CC0.

g, Nhm lnh s hc:

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

Khng ghi (ngha Ghi 0

Bng 2.13: cc lnh ph thuc MCR.

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

- Cc lnh kt thc khi BEU v BEC

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

2.4.5 B nh thi Timer.

Mt s lnh dnh cho timer

Hnh 2.9: cc lnh cho php s dng timer word

b, Cc v d bng gin cho tng loi timer:

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

Hnh 2.10: gin xung cho timer SD.

- Timer SS ( Retentive on delay timer): tr theo sn ln c nh.

Hnh 2.11: gin xung cho timer SS.

- Timer SP (Pulse timer): timer to xung khng c nh.

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

Hnh 2.12: gin xung cho timer SP

- Timer SE (Extended pulse timer): timer to xung c nh.

Hnh 2.13: gin xung cho timer SE.

- Timer SF (Off delay): timer tr theo sn xung.

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Vn Huy

Hnh 2.14: gin xung cho timer SF.