Tm tt: Cc lng ngh my tre an cc tnh pha Bc ni chung v tnh H Ty ni ring ang ngy

cng pht trin mnh. S pht trin ny mang li hiu qu kinh t cao cho khu vc nng thn, gp
phn xa i gim ngho v ph hp vi cng cuc CNH, HH nng nghip nng thn ca ng v
Chnh ph. Tuy nhin vn nhim mi trng ti cc lng ngh my tre an ang l mt thch thc
ln cho s pht trin bn vng ca ngnh ngh nhiu tim nng ny. Bi bo phn tch thc trng mi
trng mt s lng ngh my tre an in hnh ca tnh H Ty, qua bc u xut cc gii php
nhm gim thiu tc ng mi trng ti cc lng ngh, gp phn xy dng cc lng ngh my tre an
tr thnh cc lng ngh kinh t-vn ha truyn thng.
I. TNG QUAN HIN TRNG CC LNG NGH SN XUT MY TRE AN
I.1. Tng quan
Cc lng ngh my tre an v th cng m ngh H Ty chim n 162 trong tng s 280 lng ngh
ca tnh. Tnh c v tr thun li l gn H Ni, ni tiu th sn phm tt v tip gip vi Ho Bnh, mt
trong cc vng chuyn cung cp cc nguyn liu pht trin lng ngh th cng nh tre, song, my.
Cc lng ngh my tre an phn b ch yu Chng M (dc trn quc l 6) v Ph Xuyn - c coi
l mt trong cm lng ngh ln nht tnh. Ch ring trong vng chm l ca huyn Chng M c 25
lng ngh lm my tre an xut khu trn tng s 28 lng ngh trong vng. Cc sn phm my tre an
truyn thng ch yu c sn xut tp trung cc x Ph Ngha, Trng Yn (huyn Chng M),
Ph M (huyn Ph Xuyn),....
Trn ton x Ph Ngha c 87% s h sn xut kinh doanh lm ngh th cng my tre an xut khu,
chim trn 300 ngy lm trong nm. C trn 50 h thu gom hng, 27 h ch bin nguyn liu v cung
cp nguyn liu sn xut, 15 h chuyn x l hng hun sy v 18 h chuyn dng cht ty ra ty
nguyn liu. S h x l phun sn, lm mu v ho cht khc trn 100 h. Ngoi ra, cc h sn xut no
cng c ti hoc xy phng hun x l lu hunh chng mc, mi mt. n thng 10/2004 c 7/7 lng
c UBND tnh H Ty cng nhn lng ngh, trong c thn Ph Vinh l lng ngh truyn thng
c cng nhn nm 2002. Trong lng c 9 ngh nhn c ngh Nh nc phong tng danh hiu
v mt s th th cng c tay ngh cao c tng thng nhiu hun, huy chng.
Trn a bn x c 21 cng ty TNHH - Doanh nghip v t hp tc, trong 16 doanh nghip v t hp
tc sn xut kinh doanh hng my tre xut khu. Ti cm cng nghip Ph Ngha c 20 cng ty, doanh
nghip ang sn xut kinh doanh, trong c 9 cng ty, doanh nghip kinh doanh v sn phm th cng
my tre giang an xut khu.
Bng 1: Tc tng trng ca ngnh ngh my, tre, giang an ti tnh H Ty giai on 2007 -
2010 v nh hng n nm 2015
Ngnh S h S lao ng Gi tr sn xut
ngh 2006 2007-
2010
c
2015
tng
so
vi
2010
2006 2007-
2010
c
2015
tng
so
vi
2010
2006 2007-
2010
c
2015
tng
so
vi
2010
My
tre
giang
an
100% 130% 110% 100% 160% 110% 100% 120% 110%
Ngun: PET H Ty
I.2. Quy trnh sn xut v cc tc ng mi trng
1. Quy trnh sn xut my tre an:
Mc d my mc c s dng ch my tre nhng v c bn cc cng on sn xut u lm th
cng. Quy trnh sn xut chung c th m t nh hnh sau:

2. Cc tc ng mi trng chnh:
T cng ngh v quy trnh sn xut nu trn, cc tc ng mi trng chnh ca sn xut my tre an l:
- Giai on ngm tre, na, vu nguyn liu: thc hin ti cc ao lng lm nc chuyn mu en, bc mi
kh chu, nh hng n mi trng nc, khng kh.
- Ty trng nguyn liu: thc hin cc b xy ti h gia nh, nc thi cha xt, gia ven, cht hu c
khng c x l x thng ra mi trng gy nhim t, nc, mi ha cht c hi.
- Ch nguyn liu: gy bi khng kh (bi tp nguyn liu), khi t nguyn liu tha m lin tc.
- Luc, nhum: luc thnh phm bng than gy nhim khng kh, nc thi sau nhum cha nhiu
loi ha cht v phm mu thi trc tip ra mi trng gy nhim mi trng nc, t.
- Hun, sy lu hunh: nhim khng kh do kh lu hunh, nguyn nhn chnh ca bnh h hp tng
cao.
- Nhng keo, phun sn sn phm: mi ha cht, sn, dung mi gy kh th cho ngi lao ng v
ngi dn xung quanh; cc ha cht tha thi ra mi trng gy nhim nc.

II. HIN TRNG MI TRNG CC LNG NGH MY TRE AN TNH H TY
II.1. Hin trng mi trng nc
II.1.1. Hin trng mi trng nc mt
Bng 2: Kt qu phn tch mu nc mt ti mt s ao h trong lng ngh my tre an thn Ph
Vinh, x Ph Ngha, huyn Chng M, tnh H Ty
STT Thng s
n
v o

Kt qu o
Gii hn cho
php
TCVN
5942:1995
TCVN
6773:2000
1 2 Ct
A
Ct B
1 Nhit
0
C 28.5 27.9 - -
2
pH 6.9 7.2
6 -
8.5
5.,5 9 5,5 - 8,5
3 EC (
dn in) ms/cm 0.473 0.374

4 Oxy ho
tan mg/l 2.2 2.3 6
2 2
5 S (
mui) 0.2 0.01

6 Tng cht
rn ho
tan mg/l 156.8 125.4
<400 nu
EC<0,75
7 c NTU 12 10
8 Clorua(Cl
-
) mg/l 124.2 88.8
<350
9 Sulfat
(SO
4
--
) mg/l 40.1 20.1

10 Photpho
(P
2
O
5
) mg/l 0.3 0.3

11 Nitrat
(NO
3
-
) mg/l 4.8 1.2 10
15
12 Nitrit mg/l 2.11 6.1 0.01 0.05
(NO
2
-
)
13 Amn
(NH
4
+
) mg/l 1.8 2.3 0.05
1
14 St TS
(Fe) mg/l 6.5 6.5 1
2
15 Natri (Na) mg/l 17.9 14.2
16 BOD
5
mg/l 41.1 23.7 <4 <25
17 COD mg/l 78.8 47.9 <10 <35
18 Coliform
MNP/
100ml
110000 15000 5000 10000
Ghi ch:
Mu s 1 ly t ao vn nh ng , thn Ph Vinh, x Ph Ngha, huyn Chng M.
Mu s 2 ly t ao lng, xm Ph Hu, trc ca nh doanh nghip Minh Ngc.
Kt qu phn tch mu nc cho thy theo tiu chun cht lng nc mt dng cho sinh hot (TCVN
5942:1995, ct A) nc mt trong vng khng th dng cho mc ch sinh hot do lng oxy ha tan
trong nc thp, nhim st, nitrit, amoniac cao, lng cht hu c trong nc ln. Nu so snh vi
tiu chun nc mt dng cho cc mc ch khc (tiu chun 5942:1995, ct B) th nc b nhim st
cao hn mc cho php 3,2 ln, lng nitrit gp 40 - 120 ln mc cho php, lng NH
4
cao hn 1,8 -2,3
ln tiu chun cho php. Lng oxy sinh ha xp x tiu chun ti 1 mu v cao hn gp 2 ln ti mu
khc, COD cao hn 1,5 - 2, 2 ln TCVN.
So snh cht lng nc mt ti thn Ph Vinh v cht lng nc mt chung trn ton huyn Chng
M nhn thy nc mt ti lng ngh my tre an thn Ph Vinh b nhim st, amoni, coliform nng
hn nhiu so vi ngun nc mt chung trn ton huyn. Tuy nhin lng cht rn ha tan ti Ph Vinh
nh hn 4 ln so vi cc mu khc trong huyn.
II.1.2. Hin trng mi trng nc ngm
Bng 3: Kt qu phn tch mu nc ngm ti lng ngh thn Ph Vinh

STT

Thng s

n v o

Kt qu o
Gii hn cho
php
TCVN
5944:1995
1 2
1 Nhit
0
C 30.8 31,5 -
2 pH 7.2 7.1 6,5 - 8.5
3 EC ( dn in) ms/cm 0.415 0.325
4 Oxy ho tan mg/l 5.1 4.8
5 S ( mui) 0.1 0
6
Tng cht rn
ho tan
mg/l 98.5 85.3
7 c NTU 5 5
8 Clorua(Cl
-
) mg/l 142.2 87.4 200-600
9 Sulfat (SO
4
--
) mg/l 50.1 24.3 200-400
10 Photpho (P
2
O
5
) mg/l 0.1 0.06
11 Nitrat (NO
3
-
) mg/l 0.04 0.03 45
12 Nitrit (NO
2
-
) mg/l 0.029 0.02
13 Amn (NH
4
+
) mg/l 0.8 0.7
14 St (Fe) mg/l 3.9 2.1 1-5
15 Natri (Na) mg/l 14.8 12.1
16 BOD
5
mg/l 30.6 29.1
17 COD mg/l 51.4 41.1
18 Coliform MNP/100ml 4300 1800 3
Ghi ch: 1. Mu nc ngm t ging khoan su 34m, cha qua lc ti nh ng Thnh, thn Ph Vinh
2. Mu nc ngm t ging khoan qua lc ti nh ng , thn Ph Vinh
Kt qu phn tch cc mu nc ging khoan cho thy nc c hm lng st tng i cao, cc mu
nc ngm c biu hin nhim cht hu c v vi sinh vt mc cao.
II.1.3. Hin trng h thng cp nc
Hu ht vng nng thn trong tnh H Ty cha c h thng cp nc tp trung phc v nhu cu sinh
hot hng ngy cho cc thn/lng trong x, ch yu vn l phng thc cp nc phn tn theo h gia
nh. Ti lng ngh my tre an x Ph Ngha, huyn Chng M, nhn dn ch yu dng nc ging
khoan hoc nc ging khi sinh hot hng ngy. Nc phc v sn xut ch yu l nc ging
khoan. Nc ging c mi tanh v mu vng, biu hin ca nhim st.
II.1.4. Hin trng h thng thot nc
Hu ht cc lng ngh cha c khu x l nc thi tp trung cng nh cha c h thng thot nc
hon chnh. Nc ma, nc thi sinh hot v nc thi sn xut thng khng c phn bit v
c thi thng trc tip ra ngoi khng qua x l vo cc rung xung quanh lng hoc cc knh tiu
trong vng. H thng thot nc ch l mt s rnh nh, phn ln l khng c np y chy dc theo
ng lm nhim v tiu nc thi cng nh thot nc ma chung.
II.2. Hin trng mi trng khng kh
II.2.1. Ting n:
Thc trng sn xut my tre an cho thy hot ng ny khng gy ra ting n ng k. Ting n ch
yu gy ra bi phng tin c gii ra vo khu vc ny chuyn ch nguyn liu v do hot ng ca
my s ch nguyn liu nh bc v, ch giang. Tuy nhin, theo cc bo co nghin cu trc y
cho thy ting n ny cha vt qu tiu chun cho php v ch cc b (S xy dng H ty, 2005, S
TN&MT, 2006).
II.2.2. Cc cht kh:
Kt qu quan trc cho thy hu ht cc lng ngh trong tnh H Ty cha b nh hng bi kh NO
2.
Tuy nhin, s nhim khng kh do s dng nhiu nhin liu ha thch trong qu trnh sn xut lm
nng kh SO
2
v CO cao hn tiu chun cho php ti mt s ni.
II.2.3. Mi:
S nhim mi xy ra ti cc lng ngh trn a bn tnh hin nay rt khc nhau v chng loi v mc
. Bo co mi trng H Ty nm 2006 v kt qu iu tra thc a ch ra rng nhim mi ti lng
ngh my tre an ch yu sinh ra bi qu trnh s dng cc dung mi hu c phun sn hoc lm
bng sn phm v do qu trnh hun khi nguyn liu/sn phm. y cng l mt vn cn c quan
tm ti lng ngh my tre an, mc d nhim ny thng mang tnh cc b v nh hng trc tip n
cng nhn sn xut v cc h sinh sng ln cn.
II.2.4. Bi:
Kt qu quan trc ti cc lng ngh trong tnh H Ty cho thy, nng bi l lng trong khng kh ti
cc lng ngh chu nh hng rt nhiu vo thi tit, kh hu, v tr a l. Hng nm vo khong t thng
10 n thng 12, y l ma hanh, kh trong nm nn nng bi l lng trong khng kh thng cao
hn so vi ma ma (thng 4 n thng 7). Ngoi yu t nh hng l kh hu, thi tit th hin nay mt
s lng ngh cn nm v tr gn cc tuyn ng giao thng ln hay gn khu vc ang san lp mt
bng xy dng khu cng nghip do hm lng bi sinh ra do cc hot ng ny c nh hng ln
n cc lng ngh (Bo co mi trng H Ty nm 2006).
Ngoi nguyn nhn gy bi do qu trnh pht trin cng nghip, pht trin c s h tng k thut, trong
sn xut my tre an bi pht sinh ch yu do gia cng nguyn liu v do xe c vn chuyn nguyn vt
liu v sn phm ra vo thn/x. Gia cng nguyn liu bao gm qu trnh ch, tc, chut nguyn vt
liu. Cng on ch nguyn liu thng lm bng my ti mt s gia nh c my ch, sau nguyn
liu c pht cho cc gia nh, tuy nhin khng nhiu nh lm ngh ny v tp trung theo vng nn bi
gy ra l cc b. nhim bi pht sinh do xe t ra vo thn xm vn chuyn nguyn vt liu v cc
sn phm thng thng ch mang tnh cht tc thi, khng lin tc v ni chung u nm trong gii hn
cho php.
II.3. Sc kho cng ng
Kt qu iu tra ti cc lng ngh sn xut my tre an cho thy c th ngh nghip v cc cht thi
do sn xut gy ra nh hng trc tip hoc gin tip n sc khe cng ng.
Qua iu tra phng vn ngi dn cho rng 100% lao ng trong ngnh b mc bnh ngh nghip. Cc
bnh thng hay mc nht l au lng, cong vo ct sng chim t l ti 80% do lao ng lm vic trong
mt t th c nh trong sut thi gian sn xut, cc bnh v da khong 20%, ho v vim ph qun mn
tnh khong 20%.
S liu bo co cc qu 1,2,3 nm 2007 ca trm y t Ph Ngha cho thy cc bnh hay mc nht l
bnh a chy, nhim vi khun h hp trn, vim ph qun, vim phi v cm, t l mc xp x 20%.
III. XUT CC BIN PHP GIM THIU NHIM MI TRNG
gii quyt mt cch ton din nhim mi trng, m bo pht trin bn vng cho cc lng ngh
sn xut my tre an, cn c mt k hoch tng th v di hn c v cng ngh v chnh sch, php
ch. Mt s xut v cc gii php cho cc lng ngh c nu tm tt di y:
III.1. o to cng nhn v nng cao nhn thc ngi dn
S lao ng qua o to trong cc lng ngh cn chim t l thp, hu ht lao ng ch lm vic da
vo kinh nghim thc t ch t c o to c bn. c im ca ngh my tre an l ngh truyn
thng, cha truyn con ni, hnh thc dy ngh l truyn ming v thc hnh ti ch. Cc lng ngh cha
m lp o to cng nhn mt cch bi bn, trong ngoi chuyn mn cn cn o to thc v cch
thc bo v mi trng ni lm vic v thn xm.
III.2. Quy hoch khu vc sn xut
hn ch mc nh hng n mi trng v sc khe ca ngi dn th bin php c bn nht
i vi mt lng ngh l cn thc hin quy hoch qun l sn xut sao cho thch hp. Gii quyt tt quy
hoch tng th s ng vai tr quan trng trong vic gim thiu tc hi ca nhim mi trng khng
kh, mi trng nc v mi trng t do sn xut gy nn. Tt nht cc lng nn quy hoch khu t
tp trung nm ngoi khu dn c t chc sn xut, c bit cc khu sn xut c nh hng nhiu
nht n mi trng nh: luc, nhum, hun sy lu hunh, nhng keo, phun sn sn phm tp
trung x l cc cht thi trc khi ra mi trng. Cc cng on khng gy nhim c th giao cho
cc h gia nh lm gia cng ti nh.
III.3. Quy hoch cc lng ngh theo hng pht trin du lch vn ha
Cc lng ngh cn c quy hoch theo hng gi nguyn khng gian hin c, hn ch ti a vic thay
i khng gian nh ci ni, xy dng nh cao tng, m rng ng qu mc nhm mc tiu bo tn
khng gian ng xm truyn thng ca lng ngh c truyn thng Vit Nam v thun li cho vic pht
trin lng ngh du lch vn ha sau ny.
Quy hoch theo hng lng ghp cc hot ng du lch vi sn xut lng ngh s tp trung vo vic
hng dn cc c s sn xut hng vo quy hoch khng gian sn xut ti ch sao cho va thun tin
sn xut, va khng gy nhim mi trng, va duy tr cc c trng vn ha li va to m quan
phc v du lch.
III.4. Quy hoch bn trong cc doanh nghip
Sau khi b tr quy hoch sn xut th vic p dng cc bin php quy hoch qun l ti cc c s sn
xut l cn thit nh vic quy hoch mt bng c s hp l, sp xp cc khu vc c kh nng gy
nhim... nh hun khi, hun lu hunh v phun sn cch xa khi v tr lao ng khc ca cng nhn, t
cui hng gi gim thiu tc ng cng nh to s thng thong nh xng nhm trnh nhim
cc b.
III.5. Cc bin php cng ngh k thut
Khuyn khch ci tin cng ngh, p dng cng ngh mi tin tin, cng ngh sn xut sch hn nhm
gim lng pht thi, gim nh mc tiu hao nguyn nhin vt liu. To iu kin cho ch cc c s
sn xut c tp hun v cng ngh v thit b trong sn xut quy m va v nh.
S dng nhin liu than cho l nung cn la chn loi than c hm lng lu hunh thp gim lng
kh SO
2
sinh ra, cung cp khng kh cho qu trnh chy.
i vi cc lng ngh b nhim nng bi cc kh c hi nh SO
2
, CO... phi hn ch s dng cc loi
nhin liu than, du v thay th bng cc loi nhiu liu khc nh gas, in.
III.6. Qun l mi trng ncthi
Trong khun vin h gia nh, nc thi c dn ra ao, vn theo m hnh sinh thi VAC. Tch ring
nc thi sn xut v nc thi sinh hot. Ngoi khun vin h gia nh, cn xy dng h thng thu gom
nc thi theo dng mng c np an hay cng trn c sn dn ra ao h x l chung. Nu l nc
thi sn xut c th x l, lng ng s b ri dng phng php h sinh hc m bo iu kin v
sinh trc khi thi ra mng ti hoc sng h.
Ti cc h sn xut ngun nc thi c cha cht c hi , cc cht hu c kh phn hy th phi c
thu gom v x l cc b ngay trong c s sn xut trc khi thi vo h thng knh mng chung ca
thn xm. Ti cc khu sn xut ln cn c khu x l nc thi tp trung cho c khu dn c trc khi thi
ra mi trng.
III.7. Qun l cht thi rn
gii quyt vn nhim cht thi rn cn quy hoch v tr khu tp trung thu gom x l rc. Khu tp
trung rc thi phi c x l, trnh tnh trng ch quy hoch khu tp trung rc, khng u t c s h tng,
dn ti nhim t v nc ngm v lu di. V tr khu x l rc cn tin ng giao thng vn
chuyn thun li, cui hng gi chnh, xung quanh c trng cy xanh gim thiu gi pht tn mi v
nhim.
III.8. Qun l nhim khng kh
a/ Qun l cc kh c hi:
Trc ht phi gim thiu cc ngun sn sinh ra cc kh c hi nh SO
2
, CO, CO
2
, NOx... ti cc lng
ngh bng cch hn ch s dng cc loi nhin liu nh than v thay th bng cc ngun khc nh
kh t, in v phi c h thng thu gom, c ng khi cao pha long kh c hi vo khng kh.
Nu s dng than cn khuyn khch ngi dn s dng than sch, than kh lu hunh.
b/ Qun l bi:
Vi tng loi hnh sn xut gy bi khc nhau cn c cc bin php gim bi khc nhau. Vi c s c
nhiu bi l lng cn c ngay h thng ht bi ti ch, lc bi, trang b y bo h lao ng nh khu
trang, knh bo v mt cho ngi lao ng. Vi loi hnh sn xut khc th phi b tr nh xng hp l,
ni t thit b gy bi phi t xa ni v sinh hot ca dn c, hoc x l bng cc thit b ti lc, h
thng phun m...
c/ Qun l ting n:
Vi cc thit b gy n ln khng th khc phc c do tnh cht sn xut th phi chuyn a im sn
xut ra xa khu vc ng dn c, khng sn xut vo gi ngh ngi cao im ca nhn dn. Nhng thit
b c mc gy n trung bnh th phi thng xuyn bo dng my mc, nht l nhng b phn gy n
trc tip, b tr thi gian chy my hp l trong ngy khng lm nh hng n dn c trong lng ngh.
Hn ch cc phng tin khng t tiu chun ra vo lng v qun l gi gic hot ng s hn ch tc
ng n dn c trong lng.
d/ Qun l mi:
Vi cc lng ngh sn xut gy mi kh chu nh mi tre na ngm cn sm c khu vc quy nh ca
lng ngh cho vic ngm v x l nguyn liu. Khu vc ny phi xa nh dn, xa ngun nc sinh hot,
cui hng gi. Cc c s sn xut c s dng ha cht bay hi gy mi kh chu nh nc gia ven,
sn, du bng... hoc thc hin hun khi th phi c h thng thu gom v x l trit , hoc phi di
chuyn a im ra xa khu ng dn c.
III.9. Cc xut v th ch, chnh sch:
Nhng chnh sch cn a ra bao gm:
Cc quy nh v ng k ngnh ngh c th, loi hnh sn phm, nguyn nhin liu s dng, quy trnh,
quy m sn xut;
Cc quy nh ti thiu v tiu chun k thut, cng ngh;
Cc tiu chun mi trng thch hp p dng cho loi hnh sn xut;
Cc quy nh v ng gp chi ph bo v mi trng cho vic qun l v gim thiu nhim do qu trnh
sn xut gy nn;
Cc ch ti i vi cc c s sn xut khng tun th ng vi ng k v cam kt v qun l mi
trng gy nhim;
Cc chnh sch v nng cao nhn thc cho ch c s sn xut, ngi lao ng v cng ng ni chung
v tc hi v nguy c nhim cng nh thc tun th cc bin php qun l v gim thiu nhim mi
trng.
Cc tiu chun v an ton lao ng v bo h lao ng
III.10. Gii php v qun l mi trng:
Hin ti cc a phng hu nh cha c cn b chuyn trch v vn ny. Cng tc qun l mi
trng hu nh cha c t ra mt cch c th, nghim tc. V vy, cn lp ra b phn chuyn trch
c trch nhim kim tra vic thc thi cng tc bo v mi trng, c quy nh x pht nghim minh i
vi nhng doanh nghip v h sn xut vi phm lut bo v mi trng. Nn chng a vic qun l mi
trng vo cc iu mc trong Hng c ca lng.
IV. KT LUN V KIN NGH
- Hot ng ca cc lng ngh my tre an v ang em li hiu qu v kinh t v x hi cho a
phng ni ring v c nc ni chung. Cc hot ng sn xut cc lng ngh c li ch tch cc v
nhiu mt nh tn dng c lao ng nhn ri nng thn, ng gp hng ha cho th trng tiu th
trong nc v xut khu, gp phn nng cao thu nhp v mc sng cho ngi dn;
- Tuy nhin bn cnh cc li ch v kinh t x hi th vn nhim mi trng cc lng ngh ni
chung v lng ngh my tre an ni ring v ang nh hng trc tip n i sng sc khe ca
ngi lao ng v nhn dn trong khu vc. Hin trng nhim mi trng lng ngh th hin rt r theo
c th ca cng ngh sn xut ca tng lng ngh, nhng ni chung ti hu ht cc lng ngh, mi
trng t, nc, khng kh u b nhim theo cc mc khc nhau v cn c gii quyt kp thi
m bo i sng, sn xut, sinh hot v sc khe ca ngi dn.
- Nghin cu ny a ra c mt s xut tng th nhm ci thin tnh hnh mi trng ti cc lng
ngh my tre an. Tuy nhin cn c nhng nghin cu su rng hn a ra c cc gii php c
th v ng b nhm gim thiu nhim mi trng cc lng ngh Vit Nam ni chung v ngh my
tre an ni ring pht trin mnh v bn vng.