Sinh vin: CAO TH ANH.

Lp
: Xy dng cng trnh Ngm v M kha 53.
Trng : i hc M-a cht H Ni.
Bi tp ln C kt cu 2:
s I-1:
Tnh khung tnh siu tnh theo phng php lc.
1)S liu nh sau :
Kch thc hnh hc
STT

L1
8

L2
12

Ti trng

q(kN/m)
30

P (kN)
80

M(kN/m)
150

2)S tnh:

I) YU CU V TH T THC HIN
1) Tnh h siu tnh do ti trng tc dng.
1.1) V cc biu ni lc : Momen un M P, lc ct QP, lc dc NP trn h
siu tnh cho . Bit F = 10J/L12 (m2)
a) Xc nh bc siu tnh v chn h c bn
b) Thnh lp cc phng trnh chnh tc dng tng qut
c) Xc nh cc h s v s hng t do ca phng trnh chnh tc, kim
tra cc kt qu tnh c
d) Gia h phng trnh chnh tc
e) V biu mmen trn h siu tnh cho do ti trng tc dng M P.
Kim tra cn bng cc nt v kim tra iu kin chuyn v.
f) V biu lc ct QP v lc dc NP trn h siu tnh cho
1.2) Xc nh chuyn v ngang ca im 1 hoc gc xoay ca tit din K.
Bit E = 2.108 kN/m2 , J = 10-6 L41 (m4)

2) Tnh h siu tnh chu tc dng c 3 nguyn nhn

( Ti trng, nhit thay i v gi ta di ch).
2.1) Vit h phng trnh chnh tc dng s
1

2.2) Trnh by
1) Cch v biu Mcc do 3 nguyn nhn ng thi tc dng trn h siu
tnh cho v cch kim tra.
2) Cch tnh cc chuyn v nu mc trn
Bit :
- Nhit thay i trong thanh xin: th trn l Ttr = 36o , th di l
Td =28o
- Thanh xin c chiu cao tit din h=0.1 m
- H s dn n v nhit 105
- Chuyn v gi ta
Gi D dch chuyn sang phi mt on 1 0,001L1 (m)
Gi H b ln xung on 2 0,001L2 (m)

II) NI DUNG BI LM
1)Tnh h siu tnh do ti trng tc dng.
1.1) V cc biu ni lc : Momen un M P, lc ct QP, lc dc NP trn h
siu tnh cho. Bit F = 10J/L12 (m2).
a) Xc nh bc siu tnh v chn h c bn:
Bc siu tnh c xc nh theo cng thc
n = 3D-2K-Co
Trong : n s bc siu tnh
K = 2; K s lin kt khp
Co = 5; C s lin kt n ni t
D = 2; D s ming cng
n = 3.2-2.2-5=-3
Vy khung cho siu tnh bc 3
b) Thnh lp cc phng trnh chnh tc dng ch
H phng trnh chnh tc c xy dng t h tnh nh tng ng.
H c bc siu tnh l 3 nn ta phi tin hnh kh 3 bc siu tnh bng
cch ti gi H ta b lin kt gi c nh thay vo l mt lin kt gi di
ng v mt lc theo phng ngang X 2 , ti gi D lm tng t nhng
phng ca gi di ng l phng ngang v t them mt lc X 3 theo
phng thng ng. Ta ct thanh ngang i qua gi H, thanh ny ch c thnh
phn lc dc l X1 .
iu kin chuyn v theo phng th i. Vi k = (1 n); i k.

ik l chuyn v theo phng Xk do lc Xk = 1 gy nn;

Gi l ii chuyn v theo phng Xi do lc Xi = 1 gy nn;
Gi

Gi

iP l chuyn v theo phng X do ti trng gy nn;

Gi

iz , it tng ng l chuyn v theo phng X

do chuyn v cng

bc v nhit gy nn.
T ta c cc phng trnh chnh dng ch
11 X 1 12 X 2 13 X 3 ... 1n X n 1P 1z 1t 1 0

21 X 1 22 X 2 23 X 3 ... 2 n X n 2 P 2 z 2t 2 0
..
n1 X 1 n 2 X 2 n 3 X 3 ... nn X n nP nz nt n 0
trng hp ny n = 3 v ch xt h siu tnh do ti trng gy ra,
khng c cc chuyn v do nhit , di,do gi ta bi ln Nn ta c
cc phng trnh chnh tc nh sau:
11 X 1 12 X 2 13 X 3 1P 0

21 X 1 22 X 2 23 X 3 2 P 0

31 X 1 32 X 2 33 X 3 3 P 0
c) Xc nh cc h s v s hng t do ca phng trnh chnh tc, kim tra
cc kt qu tnh c.
Biu mmen do X1 =1, X2 =1, X3 = 1 gy ra l:
) Xc nh cc h s v s hng t do ca phng trnh chnh tc
Ta c :
18
18

12

12

12
12

330
330

330

150

480

150

22
22

12

16

24

Khi :

11 M1 M 1 N1.N1

1 1
2
1
1
1 1
.12.12. .12
(12.10.15 .6.10.16)
.18.18.12
EJ 2
3
2 EJ
2
3.EJ 2

8 2364 8

EF EJ EF
5

 22 22 M 2 M 2

1 1
2
1
1 1
2
720
. .10.12. .12
.12.6.12
. .12.12. .12
2 EJ 2
3
3EJ
3EJ 2
3
EJ

33 M 3 M 3

1 1
2
1
1
2
320
. .8.10. .8
.8.6.8 .8.8. .8
2 EJ 2
3
3EJ
2
3
EJ

1 1
1
1 1
2
1032
. .12.10.16
.12.6.15
. .12.12. .12
2 EJ 2
3EJ
3EJ 2
3
EJ
1 1
2
1
352
M2 M3
. .8.10. .12
.8.6.12
2 EJ 2
3
3EJ
EJ

12 21 M 1 M 2

23 32

31 13 M 1 M 3
1P M P0 .M 1

1 1
1
560
. .8.10.16
.8.6.15
3EJ 2
3EJ
EJ

1 1
9
1 1
2
1
12255
. .330.10.(12 )
. .480.6.(12 .6)
.150.6.15
2 EJ 3
2 3EJ 2
3
3 EJ
EJ

2 P M P0 .M 2

1 1
3
1 1
1
7110
. .330.10. .12
. .480.6.12
.150.6.12
2 EJ 3
4
3EJ 2
3EJ
EJ

1 1
3
1 1
1
4740
. .330.10. .8
. .480.6.8
.150.6.8
2 EJ 3
4
3EJ 2
3EJ
EJ
) Kim tra cc kt qu tnh c.
Ta c:
3 P M P0 .M 3

11 12 13 M 1.M s

21 22 23 M 2 .M s

31 32 33 M 3 .M s

ik

11 12 13 21 22 23 31 32 33 M s .M s

i .k

iP

1P 2 P 3 P M P0 .M s

Trong :

1 1
2
1
1 1
2
. .12.12. .12+
.12.10.17+
. .6.10.(12+ .10)+
EJ 2
3
2EJ
2EJ 2
3
1
1 1
2
1 1
2
2386
+
.12.6.19+
. .6.6(16+ .6)+
. .12.12. .24=
3EJ
3EJ 2
3
3EJ 2
3
EJ

*)M1.M s =

Mt khc

11 +12 +13 =

2364 1032 560 8 2386 8

+
+
=
+
EJ
EJ
EJ EF
EJ
EF

Nhn thy gi tr ca 11 +12 +13 sai khc gi tr ca M1.M s mt lng l

8/EF l do l ta xt c thnh phn lc dc trong thanh nm ngang i qua gi
H. iu ny khng gy nh hng n kt qu ca bi ton.
Suy ra M1.M s +N1.N s =11 +12 +13

1 1
2
1
. .12.10(12+ .10)+
.12.6.(16+3)+
2EJ 2
3
3EJ
1 1
2
1400
+
. .12.12. .24=
3EJ 2
3
EJ

*)M 2 .M s =

21 + 22 + 23 =

720 352 1032 1400

+
=
EJ EJ
EJ
EJ

Suy ra 21 + 22 + 23 =M 2 .M s =

1400
EJ

1
1
2
1
1
(12.10.4+ .10.10. .8)(16.6.8+ .6.6.8)+
2EJ
2
3
3EJ
2
1 1
2
-592
+
. .8.8. .8=
2EJ 2
3
EJ
560 352 320 592
31 +32 +33 =+
=EJ EJ EJ
EJ

*)M 3 .M s =-

Suy ra 31 +32 +33 =M 3 .M s =*)Ms .Ms =

592
EJ

1 1
2
1
1 1
2
. .12.12. .12+
.12.10.17+
. .10.10(12+ .10)+
EJ 2
3
2EJ
2EJ 2
3

1
1 1
2
1 1
2
1 1
2
3644
.16.6.19+
. .6.6(16+ .6)+
. .24.12. .24+
. .8.8. .8=
3EJ
3EJ 2
3
3EJ 2
3
2EJ 2
3
EJ

ik

=11 +12 +13 + 21 + 22 + 23 +31 + 32 + 33 =

i.k

3644
EJ

ik =11 +12 +13 + 21 + 22 + 23 + 31 + 32 + 33 =M s M s =

i.k

3644
EJ

1 1
15
1 1
14625
. .330.10(12+ )+
( .480.6.20-150.6.19)=
2EJ 3
2 3EJ 2
EJ
12255 7110 4740 14625
iP =1P + 2P +3P = EJ + EJ - EJ = EJ

*)M 0 .M s =

iP =1P + 2P +3P =M 0P .M s =

14625
EJ

Nh vy cc h s v s hng t do tnh c tha mn.

d) Gia h phng trnh chnh tc
1032
560
12255
2364 8
(

)
X

0
1
2
3
EJ
EF
EJ
EJ
EJ

720
352
7110
1032
X1
X2
X3
0

EJ
EJ
EJ
EJ

352
320
4740
560

0
1
2
3

EJ
EJ
EJ
EJ

 X 1 1.7368

X 2 3.5268( kN )
X 7.8936
3
e) V biu mmen trn h siu tnh cho do ti trng tc dng M P.
Kim tra cn bng nt v kim tra iu kin chuyn v.

P=80kN

q=30kN/m

3J
2J

M=150kNm

X3=7.8936kN
2J

3J
H

X2=3.5268kN
X1=1.7368kN

Ta c :

M p M 1. X 1 M 2 . X 2 M 3 . X 3 M po
Ta s dng phng php mt ct v biu cho trng hp ny bng
cch ct tng on nh v v biu ni lc cho tng on ri tng hp tt
c li ta c biu Momen tng cho c h.
Vy ta c biu MP :

193.2672
193.2672
223.3377
276.312

I
63.1482

20.8416

63.1632

D
Mp

f) V biu lc ct Qp v lc dc Np trn h siu tnh cho :

108.2292
178.0662

71,7708
83.5268

170.1726

121.9338
1.7368

Np

10

78.2632
141.411
98.5891
7.8936

5.2636

1.7368

Qp
Tin hnh tch nt nh sau:

Nhn thy cc nt ca ta trong qu trnh gii cn bng.

1.2)Xc nh chuyn v ngang ca im I. Bit E = 2.108 kN/m, J = 10-6 (m4)
ngang tai I tnh bng cng thc :

km
li

11

M m .M k
N .N
d z m k dz .
EJ
EF
li

193.2672

193.2672

223.3377
20.8416

276.312

63.1482

63.1632

D
Mm

Mk

416.6049
223.3377
202,4961
I

12

108.2292
178.0662

0.8

71,7708

83.5268

170.1726

121.9338
1.7368

Nm

Nk

Theo hnh v trn ta c :

1 1
1
1 1
3
. .202, 4961.4,11. .2, 466
. .416, 6049.5,89.(4,11 .5,89)
2EJ 3
4
2 EJ 3
4
1
1
1

.223,3377.10.3
.469,5792.6.4
.276,312.6.3 1,1.104 ( m).
2EJ
3EJ
3EJ
2)Tnh h siu tnh chu tc dng c 3 nguyn nhn ( Ti trng, nhit
thay i v ln ca gi ta).
2.1) Vit phng trnh chnh tc dng s
km

11 X 1 12 X 2 13 X 3 1P 1t 1z 0

21 X 1 22 X 2 23 X 3 2 P 2 t 2z 0

31 X 1 32 X 2 33 X 3 3 P 3t 3z 0
2.2) Trnh by
a) Cch v biu Mc do 3 nguyn nhn ng thi tc dng trn h siu tnh
cho v cch kim tra.
) Cc h s ca n :
2364
8
1032
560
11

, 12
, 13
EJ
EF
EJ
EJ

13

 21

31

1032
720
352
, 22
, 23
EJ
EJ
EJ

560
352
320
, 32
, 33
EJ
EJ
EJ

) Cc h s do tc ng ca ti trng :
12255
7110
4740
1 p
, 2 p
, 3 p
EJ
EJ
EJ
) Cc h s do nhit thay i gy ra:

kt = (M k . .(t tr -t d ).dz+N k ..t cm .dz)

h
li
Co th vit nh sau:

Ta c:
Suy ra:

kt =

.(t tr -t d ). M +.t tb . N
k
k
h

1t =

.(t tr -t d ). M +.t tb . N
1
1
h

105
12 18
1t
.(36 28)
.10 0.12
0.1
2

18
12

M1

N1

14

Suy ra

10-5
1
2t =
.(36-28). .12.10=0,048
0.1
2

12
1

M2
3t =

N2

.(t tr -t d ). M +.t tb . N
3
3
h

10-5
1
36+28
3t =(36-28) .8.10+10-5 .(
).(-0,6.10)=-0,03362
0.1
2
2

0.6

M3

N3
15

) Cc h s do chuyn v gi ta:
Ta c chuyn v do ln gy ra:

P=80kN

q=30kN/m

3J
2J

M=150kNm D

2J
X3=7.8936kN
J

3J
H
X2=3.5268kN

X1=1.7368kN

Ta c:

kz =-R jk .z j
T trn ta suy ra cc gi tr

kz

nh sau: vi lu rng lc n v

X 2 1 c X 2 1 cng chiu vi chiu dch chuyn ca gi D v

X 3 1 ngc chiu vi chiu chuyn dch ca gi H.
1 z 0.
2 z 1.0, 001.8 0, 008.
3 z 1.0, 001.12 0, 012.
Vy h phng trnh lc ny l:

16

1032
560
12255
2364
X

0,12 0
1
2
3
EJ
EJ
EJ
EJ

720
352
7110
1032
X1
X2
X3
0, 048 0, 008 0

EJ
EJ
EJ
EJ

352
320
4740
560
EJ X 1 EJ X 2 EJ X 3 EJ 0,03362 0, 012 0

Gii h phng trnh ta c:

X 1 57, 27

X 2 26,14
X 1,33
3
Nh vy ta phi t lc X 1 , X 3 ngc chiu quy c v v biu Momen
trong trng hp kt cu chu tc dng ca c ti trng, nhit v chuyn
v cng bc.
Biu Momen nh sau:
376.54
852
10.64

687.24

373.56
512.92

Mp
Tnh chuyn v ca im I trong trng hp ny nh sau:

17

376.54

66

852
10.64

687.24
I

373.56
512.92

Mp

Mk
475.46
852
164.76
I

Chuyn v ca im I trong trng hp ny c tnh nh sau:

1 1
1
1 1
. .164, 76.3, 7. .2, 22
. .475, 46.6, 3.5, 055
2EJ 3
4
2 EJ 3
1
1 1
1
1

.852.10.3
. .136, 38. .6
.376,54.6.3 0, 0156( m).
2EJ
3EJ 2
3
3EJ
km

18

19