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A. Gii thiu tng quan h thng ERX 1410............................................ 3
B. Cc ng dng chnh ca ERX-1410.................................................... 6
1. To tuyn o .................................................................................... 6
2. ng dng tp trung xDSL ................................................................ 6
3. Thc thi mng LAN o ..................................................................... 6
C. Cu trc phn cng ............................................................................. 7
1. Cc k thut ng dng trong phn cng.......................................... 7
1.1 Dng d liu.............................................................................. 7
1.2 c tnh d phng..................................................................... 8
2. Modul h thng................................................................................. 9
2.1 Modul SPR ................................................................................ 9
2.2 Line Modul v I/O modul .......................................................... 11
D. Phn mm iu khin ........................................................................ 13
1. Lung data v cch x l gi.......................................................... 13
2. IP.................................................................................................... 15
2.1 IP/PPP (Point to Point Protocol) .............................................. 16
2.2 IP/Frame Relay........................................................................ 16
2.3 IP/ATM (Asynchronous Tranfer Mode) .................................... 17
3. SONET........................................................................................... 18
4. Routing........................................................................................... 18
4.1 Cu trc nh tuyn ERX ......................................................... 19
4.2 iu khin tuyn...................................................................... 20
4.3 H tr OSPF............................................................................ 21
4.4 H tr MPLS............................................................................ 21
5. Cht lng dch v QoS................................................................. 23
5.1 Thc thi QoS ........................................................................... 23
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5.2 Phn lp lu lng.................................................................. 24
6. H tr truy cp t xa bng thng rng B-RAS................................ 25
6.1 Giao thc h tr ...................................................................... 25
6.2 Dng lu lng ....................................................................... 25










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A. Gii thiu tng quan h thng ERX 1410
ERX l router bin th h mi do Juniper sn xut. Trong NGN, ERX ng vai tr l
edge router v BRAS t cc tnh thnh vi mng li l 3 router M160. Hin nay VTN2
ang dng model ERX1410 lm chc nng Router bin v BRAS cho cc tnh lp t trong
phase 2 v ERX 705 lm chc nng BRAS ti cc tnh NI, BDG v KGG.
Mt s c im ca model loi ny l:
1410 c ngha h thng c 14 khe iu khin lu lng v dng modul x l
chuyn mch SRP (Switch Route Processor) 10Gbps. C th cu hnh h thng
cho php cc line modul hot ng tc ti a mc nh hay hot ng tc
ph hp vi tc ngun.
H tr pht d liu tc cao vi mt port ln, kt ni vi thu bao d dng.
Cu trc h thng gm 3 thnh phn chnh:
- Mt c cu chuyn mch chia s hot ng tc 10 Gbps
- Mch chuyn tip c cu phn phi n tng line modul
- B x l cho vic duy tr bng nh tuyn v cu hnh h thng (y chnh l
phn mm iu khin).
Phn mm h thng h tr:
- Kh nng nh tuyn s dng BGP, IS-IS, OSPF v RIP
- H tr nh tuyn tin tin s dng MPLS
- iu khin v thc thi chnh sch cht lng dch v cho IP v ATM
- ng gi lu lng IP di nhiu dng khc nhau
- H tr cc c tnh ca B-RAS
- Thit lp VPN
Hnh dng ca ERX1410:


Router bin ERX 1410

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Mt trc v sau ERX1410

Seri ERX-1400 l cc router bin chuyn dng cho cc thit b yu cu tc logic v
vt l cao, n cho php cc nh cung cp dch v phn phi cc kt ni IP tc cao, vi
nhiu dch v n cc thu bao. V d minh ha cc line modul nhn v chuyn tip lu
lng ra khi h thng ERX c ch ra hnh di.
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H thng ERX nhn v chuyn tip lu lng
H thng ERX-1410 tp trung nhiu chc nng nh:
- Nhn lu lng vo, m gi phc hi gi IP nguyn thy hay nhn gi d liu
lp 2 ng gi truyn i di dng gi IP
- Kim tra gi tc li p dng cht lng dch v QoS, VPN v chnh sch
nh tuyn.
- Thu thp thng k chi tit thng tin trn mi gi.
- nh tuyn gi IP trong mng s dng BGP-4, IS-IS OSPF, RIP, tuyn tnh hay
MPLS hay ng hm IP.
Di y l mt s cc line modul v cc giao thc m chng h tr hin VTN ang
dng, cc line modul ny c th dng cho ng vo hay ra u c:
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Mi ERX-1410 c th ci t ti a:
- 48 OC3/STM1 ATM/POS(packet over SONET) port
- 12 OC12/STM4 ATM/POS port
- 12 GE(Gigabit Ethernet) port
- 96 FE (Fast Ethernet) port
- 100.000 giao tip IP c lp, cho php nh cung cp vn hnh h thng h tr
nhiu thit b ng dng IP v d nh kt ni n DSLAM cho dch v truy cp
bng thng rng (vai tr B-RAS).
B. Cc ng dng chnh ca ERX-1410
1. To tuyn o
C th p dng VPN i vi cc tuyn T1, T3, VLAN hay xDSL. ERX1410 h tr mt
s k thut VPN bao gm L2TP, GRE, IPSec, MPLS. Hin nay VTN cu hnh ERX h tr
MPLS cho phn phi lu lng
2. ng dng tp trung xDSL
ERX1410 l gii php l tng cho vic tp trung cc multiplexer truy nhp ng
dy thu bao s (DSLAM) mng trc.
3. Thc thi mng LAN o
ERX cung cp kh nng kt ni VLAN,nh Gigabit Ethernet hay Fast Ethernet.

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C. Cu trc phn cng
H thng ERX s dng modul dng lp cha phn cng. N bao gm mt plan
gia c nh, cc line modul c th tho ri mt trc (c cc n trng thi) v I/O
modul ng vo ra mt sau. H thng c dnh ch cho cc modul backup v h tr chuyn
nng line modul t backup modul n master. Hnh di l cu trc c bn ca mt ERX-
1410.

1. Cc k thut ng dng trong phn cng
H thng s dng cu trc a x l phn phi n tng port nng tc x l v
s pht trin a dng lp ca h thng. Do , n c kh nng h tr c tnh nh tuyn
th h mi, cung cp cc dch v khc nhau.
Cc chnh sch cho dng data s c nh hnh tp trung v sau s c load v
tng line modul. V tt c cc chnh sch QoS c phn phi n tn line modul nn tc
x l vn c duy tr ngay c khi thm vo modul mi.
1.1 Dng d liu
Hnh di s th hin cc dng d liu i qua phn cng ca h thng. Cc line
modul s x l v chuyn tip gi. C cu chuyn mch s chuyn mch gi bn trong
tc cao (10Gbps). B x l nh tuyn thu thp bng thng tin nh tuyn, gi i bng
nh tuyn v cp nht cc line module.
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1
11 Li vo ca gi thng qua port
2
22 Gi c truyn qua connector n line module
3
33 Line modul qun l nh tuyn v cht lng dch v QoS
4
44 Gi c nh tuyn n line modul ng ra qua b x l chuyn mch SRP
10Gbps
5
55 Line modul ng ra sp xp gi vo ng uplink vi QoS yu cu
6
66 Gi c truyn qua connector n I/O modul
7
77 Truyn gi i thng qua port ng ra.
1.2 c tnh d phng
Trong ERX, line modul l mt thnh phn quan trng, cc b x l u nm trn n
ch khng phi l I/O modul. S thit k tch bit ny gip cho h thng c th d
phng vi cc line module. C cc loi d phng sau.
1.2.1 D phng 1:1
Modul SPR s dng kiu d phng ny. Khi hai SRP c ci t, mt s lm
master v ci cn li s ng vai tr backup.C hai h thng u dng chung modul I/O
SRP ( mt sau). Chng s t chuyn i khi xy ra s c.
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1.2.2 D phng 1:N
Hu ht tt c cc line module u c kh nng h tr kiu d phng ny. Mt line
modul d tr trong mt nhm modul cng loi s cung cp c ch d phng cho tt c
modul cn li. iu ny tht s quan trng bi router s dng h thng truyn dn dung
lung ln. Nu mt ng dn xy ra s c th hng ngn thu bao s mt kt ni.
s dng ch ny, cn phi ci t phn cng theo mt th t nht nh.
1.2.3 D phng port
Kiu d phng ny h tr cho cc I/O modul loi OCx/STMx v GE. C hai port trn
cng modul. C hai u nhn cng gi data. H thng ERX kim tra cc gi ny xc
nh c hay khng c vn i vi kt ni quang cho c hai port. Da vo thng tin ny,
h thng s chn port no hot ng v port no d phng. Nu c bt k s c vi kt
ni port, h thng s chuyn ng truyn n port d tr.
2. Modul h thng
Mt s c tnh cu trc ca cc loi modul thng dng:
S hin din ca EPROM trn mi modul cho php xc nh modul v cc
thng s k thut sn xut
V tr ring bit ca cc modul line cho php lu tr ring bit cc boot image
ca chnh n
Mi modul u c b x l RISC chuyn bit, thnh phn chuyn tip, tm kim
ring nn kh nng x l m bo tc phn loi v chuyn tip cc gi 40
byte, thm ch khi h thng hot ng ti cao nht.
Lu : Khi ci t phn cng i vi c SRP ln line modul, phn I/O lun c lp vo
trc ri mi n SRP/line modul. Khi tho ra th ngc li, cc SRP v line
modul (mt trc ERX) phi c tho ra trc!
2.1 Modul SPR
SRP modul l hai board lin quan, c hai board u kt ni n midplan v kt ni
vi nhau (nhn bn ngoi khng th bit c ;-):
Board khung (fabric) l mt server khung chuyn mch nhm sp xp cc
gi cho line modul. N c mt phn cng sp xp ti nguyn linh hot cho
php ng dng cht lng dch v QoS n tng giao tip vt l v logic,
cung cp mt lch trnh cht ch u tin cho vic phn pht gi.
Board h thng l mt board chuyn dng, boot h thng, qun l chn
on (xem h thng c lm vic bnh thng?), v h tr x l giao thc
nh tuyn.
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Modul SRP phi tn ti th h thng mi boot ln c. Lu l khng th tho g
SRP khi h thng ang hot ng (trong trng hp h thng ch c mt modul SRP).
Hnh di l cu trc chi tit ca mt SRP.

Cu trc chi tit ca SRP
2.1.1 Card lu tr c nh
mt trc ca mi SRP, c mt khe ring cm card loi ny (gi l PCMCIA
card). N duy tr cc thng tin cu hnh h thng v phn mm ca c h thng. Do
khng th tho card ny ra cho d PCMCIA card cng hot ng h tr ch back up,
bi v trong h thng c hai card u chy, phng khi c s c xy ra i vi card
master thi card back up s h tr ngay m khng cn reload. tho card loi ny ra
ch c th tho lun SRP d phng.
Cch thc hot ng ca SRP nh sau:
Khi bt ngun h thng, modul SRP s thc thi m khi ng (boot) t PCMCIA. N
cng s load phn mm (image) t flash ny vo SDRAM, sau thc thi cc m ly t
SDRAM. Mt khi khi ng xong, SRP s load cc image thc thi n tng line modul.
Khi cc line modul hot ng, SRP giao tip vi cc line modul thng qua mt
bus 150 Mbps (ni qua c cu chuyn mch).
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Lu : Khi ci t mi SRP modul, h thng s boot hai ln, ln u l kim tra chun
on h thng (diagnotic), ln th hai mi thc s boot v khong gia thi gian trng
thi ca SRP modul mi ny l no responding (nu dng CLI show ver s thy, trong
khong 5 pht).
2.1.2 SRP I/O Modul
Ch c mt loi I/O modul SRP cho tt c cc model SRP. Trn mi modul I/O SRP
c hai khe c th h tr giao tip vi 2 SRP thng qua midplan. I/O SRP modul h tr
cc port sau:
10/100Base-T, port h tr iu khin, qun l bng Ethernet
RS-232, port iu khin qun l VT100
Ng vo ca clock ngoi
Ng ra ca cc cnh bo (chia thnh 3 cp )
2.2 Line Modul v I/O modul
Line modul x l d liu t cc kt ni ng vo nhiu dng khc nhau. I/O modul
cung cp kt ni t h thng ERX n mng.
2.2.1 Phn loi gi
Mi line modul h tr vic phn loi gi ng vo. Mt c cu phn loi cc line
s kt hp cc trng c th (nh a ch IP ngun v ch, port ngun v ch v giao
thc) n giao din ng vo IP, cc trng lp 2 v.v
2.2.2 Cc line modul dng cho h tr ng hm
Line modul dch v ng hm TSM (Tunnel Service line Modul) h tr ng
hm IP; nh DVMRP (Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol) v GRE (Generic
Routing Encapsulation); v u cui LNS (L2TP network server) cho L2TP (Layer 2
Tunneling Protocol). Modul IPSec Service s m ho hay gii m gi vi giao thc
tng ng (IPsec). Hin nay cc modul ny VTN khng dng cho nn trong phm vi ti
liu ny s khng cp n cc line modul ny mt cch chi tit.
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Cu trc line module
2.2.3 Cch ci t phn cng h tr backup line modul

c th h tr backup, h thng cn c:
Line modul d phng
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Midplan d phng
I/O modul d phng
Hin nay VTN khng c ch d phng nn trong phm vi ti liu ny khng
cp chi tit.
D. Phn mm iu khin
Phn mm ERX l mt h thng bao gm cc phn mm con ng dng cho cc h
thng (nh BGP-4, IP, SNMP, Frame Relay, SONET). Chng c lp vi nhau v c cc
ti nguyn ring bit nh b nh, b m v b x l. iu ny cho php mi h thng con
hn ch giao tip, dng chung cc i tng no , t gim thiu ti a cc li cho h
thng con. SRP modul chu trch nhim load cc phn mm image n mi line modul
(phn mm cha trong PCMCIA flash), n cng c nhim v gi xung cc bng nh
tuyn cp nht.
1. Lung data v cch x l gi
u tin gi c nhn bi mt giao tip line modul. Gi s c x l ngay trn
line modul . Cc chnh sch nh tuyn v QoS c th c p dng theo mc ch. Gi
sau s c truyn tr ra ngoi.
Qu trnh di y m t cch h thng ERX x l gi:
1. Line modul nhn gi
Bt c line modul no cng c th l line ng vo.
2. Gi c phn loi. Kt qu ca phn loi l mt a ch ng ra cho gi. Phn
loi bng mt s cch sau:
Lp 2 Phn loi gi da vo giao tip ng vo. iu ny cho php nh cung
cp dch v nh ngha cc chnh sch cho thu bao ca mnh v d nh: nh
x tt c lu lng t port X hay mch o Y n mt dch v c bit no .
Lp 2+ - phn loi gi da vo nhn MPLS. iu ny cho php nh cung cp
s dng nhn MPLS ng k ng dn lu lng.
Lp 3 Phn loi gi da vo s port cng nh bt c trng no trong gi,
bao gm a ch IP ngun, ch, trng DiffSer, v loi ng dng. iu ny
cho php nh cung cp dch v gia tng kh nng iu khin thng qua cc
nh ngha dch v. V d nh nh x tt c lu lng VoIP cho vic p ng
thi gian thc, hay l nh x tt c lu lng nhn t mt a ch ngun thu
bao c th vo dch v best-effort.
Mt khi gi c phn loi, chc nng tra cu s tm kim a ch ng ra
tng ng cho gi v nh vo gi a ch tuyn i n ng ra. Sau gi s
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c t vo trong hng i ca mt dch v c th ty vo chng thuc phn
loi no.
3. Mt s x l trn gi (kt qu ca vic phn loi n), bao gm:
Cho php hay t chi chuyn tip da vo profile dch v ca thu bao. V d
nu mt thu bao b ngn cm do hng ti mt a ch ch nhy cm, tt c
cc gi s b chn li.
ng k gi vi cp x l, v d nh chuyn tip gi n hng i dch v r
rng (Gold, Silver hay Bronze).
a dch v vo cc cp u tin hay di bng thng c th
Khng ch gi n mt cp r rng. C th n hai ngng c thit lp.
iu ny khin gi c thit lp di ba dng cho php (xanh), cnh bo
(vng), hay qu ().
nh du gi vi mt nhn ch ra cch x l cho phn cn li ca mng.
nh du bao gm mt nhn MPLS, byte DS hay bit DE (t chi-cho php). V
d nh c th nh danh tt c lu lng VoIP nh l s u tin cao vi mt
nhn MPLS nm gi s u tin hay nu mt lu lng thu bao gia tng t
ngt vt qu profile, th s nh du DE c th t chi gi nu xy ra
nghn.
ng dng thch hp cho cc dch v VPN. Ph thuc vo yu cu ca nh cung
cp dch v m nhng dch v c th bao gm mapping ATM PVC, ng k
chnh sch nh tuyn, to router o v bao gm c VPN. V d : nh x lu
lng t thu bao n mt ng PVC ATM c th h tr im n VPN.
Thng k hay tnh ton thng tin v gi hay lung.
Dn lung lu lng n mt IPSec hay ng hm dch v cho x l k tip.
Bt c s kt hp no ca nhng xl trn cng c th chp nhn, v d nh
thu bao c th ng k dch v Gold vi s m bo bng thng 384 Kbps.
Hnh di th hin lu lng c chia segment thnh ba dng i da vo s
phn loi, n cng th hin kt qu ca vic x l.
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Chia segment v x l lu lng
4. Gi s c chuyn tip n a ch ng ra da vo chc nng chuyn tip IP
(lu l cc di chuyn u l di chuyn trong router ERX).
C cu chuyn mch modul SRP nm gi gi chuyn tip n port ch ng
ra (trong ERX).
5. Line modul nm lp biu ca gi, ng gi lp 2 v truyn gi n ng ra.
Mt khi gi c lp biu, router line modul s remove a ch nh tuyn
trong, ng gi vi header lp 2 (ATM, POS, Frame ReLay, PPP, VLAN), v
truyn gi vo mng. Tt c dng lu lng u c truyn vi tc li (full).
2. IP
H thng ERX thc thi mt cu trc IP kiu stack h tr cu hnh ng nhm thay
i d dng cu hnh mng vi t dch v b ngt nht. Tt c thng tin cu hnh IP stack
u c lu trong flash (PCMCIA), v tt c cc thay i cu trc stack l thay i ng
m khng i hi h thng phi khi ng li.
Mt bng giao tip lu tr thng tin v cc giao din, mi interface i km vi mt
stack IP; bao gm index, a ch IP, subnet mask; cng vi giao din lp thp nht, MTU
(maximum transmission unit), trng thi (up or down) v timer ch tnh trng giao tip. iu
ny cho php trin khai h thng vi cc ng dng IP nh tp trung u ra t DSLAM cho
cc ng dng B-RAS.
Cng c th cu hnh giao tip IP bng cch to mt profile. Kh nng ny cho php
qun l mt lng ln giao tip IP cng mt tp cc c tnh. Thm vo , mt profile
cng gip ng k giao tip IP vi mt router o.
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2.1 IP/PPP (Point to Point Protocol)
IP/PPP cho php nh cung cp dch v nhn lu lng t cc thu bao c cc thit b
CPE nh l router vi giao tip PPP v lu lng ra nh dng PPP n cc thit b
mng khc.

ERX h tr kt ni IP/PPP t CPE
Lu lng t CPE sau c ti nh tuyn n ng ra ca h thng hay CPE
khc ni vi ERX.
Cu trc PPP bao gm:

2.2 IP/Frame Relay
H thng h tr Frame Relay qua POS (packet over SONET) bt c line modul
OCx/STMx POS no.
Vi c tnh ny cho php:
Nhn lu lng t cc thu bao c CPE nh router vi giao tip FR.
Nhn lu lng t cc thit b mng khc m cc thit b ny gi d liu ra di
dng FR nh switch FR.
S dng FR nh mt k thut uplink cc ng khng phn knh T3 hay E3.
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Kt ni IP/PPP vi IP/FR
Hnh trn minh ho ERX c th nhn mt s k thut truy cp v h tr ng dn tr
v n CPE hay mng li. Thng giao tip FR c mt CPE (router) hay mt mng
cng cng (c FR switch).
Cu trc FR (vi lp vt l lm nn tng) v trong ERX

Cu trc Frame Relay v trong h thng ERX
2.3 IP/ATM (Asynchronous Tranfer Mode)
ERX h tr IP qua ATM, c tnh ny cho php nh cung cp nhn lu lng thu
bao (router) c giao tip ATM hay t cc thit b pht ATM nh DSLAM, cng nh kt nI
n mng trc ATM.
Hnh dI m t cu trc giao thc ATM vI nn tng l lp vt l. Giao tip ATM kt
nI vI lp giao tip IP/OSI.
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Cu trc ATM v trong h thng ERX
3. SONET
SONET h tr hai giao thc:
IP/PPP v IP/FR qua SONET cc line module Ocx/STMx
IP/ATM v IP/PPP qua SONET cc line module Ocx/STMx
iu ny cho php cc kt ni quang vo h thng hay kt ni ERX n mng trc
thng qua kt nI quang.

ERX h tr giao tip quang
4. Routing
ERX l th h router phn lp h tr cho c giao thc nh tuyn IP vng v lin vng
bao gm BGP-4, OSPF, RIP, MPLS, VRRP v multicast IP.
C 3 c tnh thc thi ca h thng nh tuyn:
H tr phn phi nh tuyn, chuyn mch gi tc li.
Hu ht cc giao thc nh tuyn u c h tr bao gm BGP, OSPF, IS-IS,
RIP v MPLS, cng nh kh nng phn lp a ch cao cn thit cho cc mng
quy m ln.
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H thng cho php to ra nhiu router o vi mi router c cc giao thc nh
tuyn v bng nh tuyn ring r.
4.1 Cu trc nh tuyn ERX
Cu trc nh tuyn ERX c thit k p ng kh nng nh tuyn cc mng quy
m ln. H thng hot ng tc mng ng trc, vi cc gi 40-byte v cc c
tnh h tr nh QoS, VPN hay tnh. Cu trc nh tuyn phn phi n tng line modul, ti
vic tra bng v quyt nh chuyn tip s c thc thi da vo bng nh tuyn. Hai
chc nng ny s c m t chi tit di y.
Modul SRP xy dng v lu tr d liu nh tuyn n 1,5 triu tuyn. Thng tin duy
tr mi tuyn bao gm t nht: a ch IP ch, chiu di, ph ng dn, thng tin ti nh
tuyn, giao thc p dng cho tuyn v ch r hn v giao thc nh hot ng lp 1,
lp 2, ni vng hay lin mng.
Tuyn ng trong bng nh tuyn c th c chia x cho cc giao thc nh tuyn
v bt c giao thc nh tuyn no cng c th thm tuyn ng vo bng nh tuyn.
Cp lin kt gia cc giao thc khc nhau cng c cu hnh. V bng nh tuyn
chung c lu tr tp trung modul SRP nhng sau c nn v chuyn n
(multicast) tt c cc line modul.
Lu l: nu c router o th mi router ny u c cc c s d liu nh tuyn ca
ring n.
Hnh di m t bng nh tuyn c to thnh v qu trnh x l phn phi. SRP
modul thu thp thng tin nh tuyn v lu n trong cng mt bng. Sau bngny
c gi ti tng line modul, c tnh ny cho php cc gi n c x l nhanh chng
v hiu qu.
Khi mt gi c nhn line modul, vic tra bng nh tuyn c thc thi. Nu
tuyn khng tn ti trong bng, th ni n c xem nh khng tn ti v mt gi ICMP
thng bo s c gi.
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Cch thc phn phi nh tuyn
4.2 iu khin tuyn
ERX cho php iu khin trao i thng tin nh tuyn gia cc router o trong h
thngcng nh gia cc router trong mng v gia cc giao thc router.
Danh sch truy nhp Cung cp b lc p dng cho cc tuyn nh x hay
danh sch phn phi. iu ny cho php cc chnh sch c p dng nh
ngn chn chuyn tip tuyn gia bng nh tuyn BGP4 v IS-IS.
nh x tuyn Thay i cc c tnh ca tuyn khi truyn. nh x tuyn c th
dng dnhch truy nhp xc nh tp cc tuyn cn chnh sa.
Danh sch phn phi iu khin thng tin nh tuyn truyn n mt im
router no . N lun s dng danh sch truy nhp xc nh tuyn cn cho
phn phi. V d nh danh sch phn phi c th s dng danh sch truy nhp
ch r tuyn cho qung b.
Ti nh tuyn Cho php tuyn c chia s gia cc giao thc v min nh
tuyn. V d mt mng con c cc tuyn BGP c th lt vo bng nh tuyn
IS-IS.
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4.3 H tr OSPF
Giao thc ny c dng lu gi thng tin bng nh tuyn c cp nht gia
cc router. Hin ti, mng s dng giao thc OSPF qung b cc a ch WAN
interface.
4.4 H tr MPLS
Chuyn mch nhn a giao thc l mt k thut IP tch hp dng pht trin k
thut lu lng, thm vo chc nng mng ring o v kh nng phn lp mng.
Nh cung cp dch v c th s dng MPLS thit lp cc chnh sch v lu lng
hay thu bao bin ca mng, trong khi d dng p ng cc yu cu truyn dn v tra
tm mng trc. Mt khi nhn c p dng, cc thnh phn cn li ca mng c th
dng nhn ny thc hin vic tra tm trong cc bng nh tuyn.
H thng dng MPLS h tr c k thut lu lng v mng ring o phn lp.
Mt s ng dng c th ca MPLS:
K thut lu lng
Mng ring o (bao gm h tr MBGP)
Cht lng dch v v lp dch v
4.4.1 Mng ring o BGP/MPLS
a giao thc m rng BGP cho php BGP trao i thng tin nh tuyn cho nhiu
dng a ch khc nhau. BGP mang thng tin nh tuyn cho mng v nhn MPLS, trong
khi MPLS truyn ti lu lng d liu. Hnh di m t mt h thng in hnh.

Router bin ERX 1410

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Mt h thng VPN BGP/MPLS in hnh
Mng trc c hai loi router:
Router bin nh cung cp (PE) t bin ca mng li nh cung cp dch v.
Cc router ny phi chy BGP-4, bao gm VPN BGP/MPLS m rng. Chng
cng c th l im u hay kt cui ca ng dnh ring LSP trong MPLS.
Router li nh cung cp (P) kt ni trc tip n PE hay cc P khc. Nhng
router ny cho php chuyn mch nhn LSP. Khng cn thit phi chy BGP-
4 trn chng c th trao i thng tin nh tuyn cho VPN.
PE giao tip vi thit b khch hng bin (CE). CE c th l mt host n, mt switch
hay l mt router. Nu CE l mt router, n l mt im ngang hng vi tt c cc PE
kt ni trc tip vi n. Kt ni gia CE v PE c th di bt c dng ng gi no v
cng khng cn thit p dng MPLS. Hnh trn, mi PE kt ni vi mt s CE v t
nht l mt P.
Mi vng thu bao l mt mng c th giao tip vi nhau trong cng mt mng ring
o. Hai vng c th trao i gi IP vi nhau ch khi chng c cng t nht VPN chung.
Mi vng (c kt ni n mt PE c th) cng c nh km vi mt bng chuyn
tip, gi l bng chuyn tip v nh tuyn VPN (VRF) nh hnh di y.

Thnh phn mng VPN MPLS/BGP
Nu mt s vng thu bao u l thnh vin ca cng mt tp VPN, chng c th
chia s cng mt VRF. H thng tm kim ch n ca gi trong VRF c nh km vi
giao tip nhn gi.
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5. Cht lng dch v QoS
Cht lng dch v ngy cng tr nn quan trng bi mt s l do sau:
Yu cu bng thng vt qu mc cc bin v i hi v u tin lu lng; v
d cc thu bao thng mi phi c u tin hn cc thu bao bnh thng, cc
ng dng c bit phi hn dng d liu best-effort.
S hi t ca cu trc c s h tng mng, lu lng thoi c truyn qua mng
d liu.
Cc nh cung cp dch v mong mun em li cc lp dch v khc nhau gia
tng li ch.
Mt router bin tp trung nh ERX phi h tr hng chc ngn hng i cho mi line
modul bi mi thu bao c th c nhiu hng i. Hnh di ch ra rng mt hng i ng
vo c phn knh thnh nhiu hng i ng ra.

Giao din hng i router bin
5.1 Thc thi QoS
Hnh di cho thy dng cc gi IP i qua h thng ERX. Cc IC chuyn dng cc
line modul s m nhn x l QoS. Gi c phn loi ng vo hay ra ca line modul.
Kt qu l cc chnh sch nh profile gii hn tc , c p dng.
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Dng d liu ng vo h thng ERX
V phn loi ng ra ca h thng

5.2 Phn lp lu lng
Trong mi trng mng ngy nay, router bin phi m bo lu lng thi gian thc
c u tin hn tt c cc loi lu lng khc bi do tnh cht ca lu lng thi gian
thc l cc ng dng nh thoi hay video, nhng ng dng yu cu v tr v nhiu.
Cc lp c yu cu cao bao gm:
tr nh v nhiu thp cho cc ng dng thoi
tr nh cho cc dng ng dng nh thoi
T l li thp, t rt gi cho cc ng dng c bit cng nh cc tn hiu bo hiu
hay mng ring o.
H thng ERX h tr n 8 lp lu lng cho mi giao tip IP bao gm mt s lp
nh: tr thp, t l mt gi nh v best-effort. Mi lp lu lng c mt profile QoS
ring.
Router bin ERX 1410

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6. H tr truy cp t xa bng thng rng B-RAS
Mt ng dng khc ca h thng ERX l tp trung ng ra ca cc DSLAM, cung cp
kt cui Point to Point, p dng chnh sch QoS v nh tuyn lu lng vo mng trc.
ng dng ny c gi l Truy cp t xa bng thng rng.
6.1 Giao thc h tr
Mt s giao thc h tr ng dng ny bao gm:
IP/PPP/ATM
IP/PPP/Ethernet/ATM
IP/PPP/Frame Relay
IP/PPP/Ethernet/Frame Relay
Hnh di l cu trc ca giao thc h tr BRAS. N cho php cu hnh ERX nh
mt router trung tm h tr tp trung ng gi t cc thit b CPE xDSL. Tn hiu h tr
c cung cp qua cc modul OC3/STM1

Giao thc h tr B-RAS
6.2 Dng lu lng
H thng phi thc hin mt s yu cu cho thu bao thit lp cc kt ni:
- Thu bao phi c kim tra. H thng c th s dng trnh RADIUS vi PAP v
CHAP kim tra thu bao.
- Kt ni phi c ng k bng mt a ch IP. H thng h tr ng k IP cho cc
user u cui qua DHCP, RADIUS, IP pool.
- Point to Point session phi c kt thc. H thng h tr tt c cc dng ng gi
xDSL h tr tt c cc loi modem xDSL.
- Thu bao s c nh tuyn v p dng cc chnh sch QoS. H thng c th lm
c iu ny bng c tnh phn loi ca chnh n. V d, cc session, idle v gi tr
time out c nh km vi cc session ca thu bao.

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