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- :
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.
. .. ., .., .. ( )
-
- ,
Swarthmore College Pennsylvania
( )
. .. ., .., .., M.A.
- ...
-
-
. .. ., .., .., M.A.
-
-
. .. ., .., .., M.A.
-
-

( , )

( )

( .)

. M.A.
-
( ,)
.
-

( )

.. , .., .., M.A.

..


Paul Demieville
de France
de France

7

.





()

() (Asanga)


.

() (gama) () (Nikya) .

. , ,
Evangel (
)
.

()
( )



, , ,

, ,

(
) ()






E.F.C. Ludowyk (
)
Marianne Mohn
Paul Demieville

W Rohula


(THE BUDDHA)
.

( )
(. )

()

()
()






( )
()


1

()





()

(THE BUDDAIST ATTITUDE OF MIND)

.
(
)






()


(super-human)

()

.. //

()

()



()
()
() (
)

.. //
.. //

:
.Do not be led by reports.

. Do not be led by tradition.

. Do not be led hearsay.

. Do not be led by authority of Religious texts.

()

. . //.

. Nor by mere logic.

. Or inference.

. Nor by considering appearances.

. Nor by the delight in speculative opinions.

. Nor by seeming possibilities.

.Nor by the idea : This is our teacher.

(DOUBT)
()
(
) ()

.. /-/.




(Sin)



()



()

()

()
-
()




() (
)

-. //.

 (TOLERANCE)

()

( )
()

.. //.

()

?
: (Religion)

(Philosophy)

()
()



(
)

()



(
)

10

.. //

()

?

?

()

11

 (
)

() ()

()

()

(FAITH)


( )
Faith Belief Faith

Faith

()

(A.C) :-

12

. Full and firm conviction that a thing is

. Serene joy at good qualities
()
. Aspiration or wish to achieve an object in view

(The word)



()

(Musila)
(Savittha) ,
, ,
,
(Niryna)

.. //

13


(Ehipassiko)

()


()
()
()

(kpathiha)

14


()

()
()

.. //

. /-/-

15

16

.. //

()
()

(Kosombi) (
) (Allahabad)
-

. //

17







(Malunkyaputta)

:
. Is the universe eternal

. Is it not eternal

18

.. //

. Is the universe finite or

. Is it infinite

. Is soul the same as body or

. Is soul one thing and body another thing

. Does the tathagata exist after death or

.Does he not exist after death, or

. Does he both (At the same time) exist and not exist after death or,

. Does he both (At the some time) not exist and not exist

19

()
() () (
) ()

20

21



:
.
( )
(
)



(
)
.

.
. ,
. ,
.,

:
()

()
, ,
22

 () (Optimistic
). .
.
.

Pessimistic Optimistic
()


(
-)
( )



.

23



Suffering Pain


()
()

()

()

()

( )

( )

24

.. //



.
. ,
.
()
()
()
()
()

, ()

()

()

.. //

25

. (-)
. (-)
. ()


-

(-)


()


26



()

? ()

( )
()


()

(
)
, , , , (
)

27

 ()
()

()








()
()

(, )





()






28

 ()
( )
(
) ()
()
() (
)

()


( )


()
Self, Soul Ego

29

 ?
() ()

()
()
()
()

30

 () ()
()
...


()

( )

()


()
() (
)

31

 (
)

?













32














. , ,
() ( - )
() () ()
() () ()
( )

33



()

()

(.. /)

34




.
(
)

() ()
() (
)
. ( ) ()
. ()
.
()




()

. . // ; . //

35

 () ()
()
()

(
)

()

()

()




()

36

. .. //.

. .. //

.
. .. //



()

()

. ()
. () (
) ()
. (
()
.
()


()
()

. .. //
. Libido

37

 ()
()









()
()

(
)



( )
() ()
() () () (
)
() ()

38

?







39



?





( )
()

()

.
.

40



( )

()

41

.

()

()
()

?










()
42

 ( )

()
() (
)

, ,
,


?

. .
. . //.

. . //.

.. //

43





?

..

()
, , , , , , ,

.. //

. . //

.. //

.. //

44

.. //.

. .. //

.. //







() (
)


.
()

( )


45





()



()


() (
)

() ( )



()

( )

46


() ()

?




()
() () ()

()

. .. //

47

?



()


()
()

48

. .. //

. . //.


()



()






( )

. .. /

. .. /

49







,
,

( )

50

. .. //

. .. //

. .. //

51

( )

()
(. . /)

52

.

(
) ()





,
()
. ()
. ()
. ()
. ()
. ()
. ()
. ()
. ()

53

. ()
. ()
.

( )

54

. . //



()

() ()

()
()






55

( )

( , )

(R. Effort) (energetic)

.
56

. (to get rid of)

.

. ()

()

.
.
.
. ()
() ()

57



() ( )
recuillement
()
()
()

()

58





() ()

()

. /

59

. ()
()

. ()

(.. /)

60

. . / ( .)

()
.

(Soul) (self) (EGO)

(Atman)
()




(God)
(Brahman)

()
()

61


:. (self Protection)
. (self Preservation)

()





()





(Truth)

62

:-
-
-
-

() () ()
:-

. . . // ; .. //

.. // ; .. //

63

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. , , ,
?
:-

() () ()

64

 (Free Will)


(will) ?

(freedom)

()


:.
.

. /

. ()

65

 ()

()

()
-
S Self S

.
. .. (The Middle Way)

66

()
()

. .. //
. (P.T.S.)

67


(self)
(matter)
(sensation) (perception) (mental formations) (consciousness)


:.

.

() (
, ) ( )
( ) (
)

?

(Nirvana)
68

 ()

(The Alagaddupama-sutta of Majjima-nikaya)

?


, , , ,




, , .

. . //, //

. .. //

69







-
()

(Att hi attano ntho) (
)

(Att) (Self)
(Soul) (Att)
- (Soul-Theory)

(ntho) (Lord)

70

. .



(The
Mahaparinibbana sutta)

(The
most devoted attendant of the Buddha)

. . . //

71

(The four satipatthanas) :.

()

72

. . //

 ?




:. ?

. ?

?
(
) ?
()
?
(Dhammas)
?

. . /

73

(practical teacher) (compassion)
(wisdom)


:. (answered directly)
. (answered by way of analysing)
. (answered by counter questions)
. (put aside)



?

74

. . /

(self) (mind)
(consciousness)


(I am)

:
?



, , ,
, , ,

. . . //

75




(I am)

:
?

76

. . . //.

 (The Buddhas teaching on

Anatta)

Asanga There is the fact of Noselfness ()

(.. /)

77

()







()
1

78

. . //
. The Yogvacaras Manual, edited by T.W. Rhys Davids London, 1896



(
)

()
MEDITATION




() ()
()

()
( )

(
)




79


( )

()

80

. .. //

. . . //,
. . //.

()
() ()

()
() ()
()

()

81











-




( )
()

()

82

83

( )

84

. . . //






()
(
)

(
)

85

()

86

. . //

()
. ()
. ()
. ()
. ()
. ()

()

. ()
.
()
. ()
87

. ()
. ()

. ()
. ()

. ()

. ()
. ()
. ()

88

()

()

89

 ()
()
()






()

(
)

90

. .. //
. .. //

( )

.. //

91

()



?

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
92

-






()

,
, ,
(

)
, , ,
, ()
, ,
, ,
, , ,



-
-
-
-
93


-
-
-
-
()

()

()

)

94

. .. //.




.
.
.
.
.

()

95


()

- (
,
, , , ,

?




()

96

. . . //

. . //





()

,
()

() (
)
() ,
,

. . . //

97

 ,

()

. (value)
.

.
.


()

98

. . . //

. . . //

 ()

()
()

()



-

99






-

()
()





? (Ten Duties of
The King)

()

100

. . . //

 ()

()


()

- ()

()
()

()

()


()
()

101

 ()



(Utopia)

, ,
, , ,
,

.

.. :

102

,,

(
) ?

? ? ?
?




?

. . . //

. . . //

. . . //

. . . //

103

( ..) ()
()
()



( )



()
(The conquest by pitty dhammavijaya)

104

()

, ,

105

106