1) To demonstrate a practical go/no-go method of testing an SCR with a multimeter 2) To study the turn-on/turn-off states of the SCR 3) To study the effects of gate current on SCR and determine the minimum holding current to keep the SCR conducting
B. MATERIALS REQUIRED:
a) Equipment 1. DC Power Supply (variable 0 to 15V) 1 2. Digital multimeter 1 3. Dual channel oscilloscope 1 4. Breadboard 1 b) Electronic components 1. SCR: C106D (could be different model) 1 2. Single turn potentiometer (linear): 100k or 2 x 50k 1 3. Resistor: 10/0.25W 1 4. Resistor: 100/0.25W 1 5. Resistor: 1k/0.25W 2 6. Resistor: 2k/0.25W 1 7. Resistor: 10k/0.25W 1 8. Resistor: 22k/0.25W 1 9. Resistor: 1M/0.25W 2 10. Resistor: 100/2W 1
C. EXPERIMENT
Experimental effort evaluation Student must show multimeter reading, oscilloscope display, etc to lab experiment supervisor before proceeding to the next section. The experimental effort evaluation is performed within 3-hour lab session only.
Test your SCR before starting the SCR experiments
Section 1: Testing an SCR with a digital multimeter in diode test mode
EEK361 Power Electronics 2014/2015
Prepared by Dr. Shahid Iqbal 2 Procedures: 1) Connect the circuit as shown in Fig-1. 2) Set the multimeter in DIODE TEST MODE. 3) Set the position of the switches S1 and S2 as indicated in sequence no.1 in Table 1. Record the meter reading for each sequential setting of the switches as shown in Table 1. Meter reading (in diode test mode): A 3- or 4-digit number means the device is conducting current with voltage drops in V or mV (depended on meter used). A 1 displayed at the left means the device is not conducting current. 4) Confirm your results in table 1 by repeating step 3).
Results:
Table 1
Note: You will get wrong results if you do not follow the experimental sequences.
Questions: i) Compare the measured readings in Table 1 and briefly explain how the observations of these readings relate to the conduction states of the SCR.
Section 2: Basic operation of an SCR
Results: Table 2
Procedures:
1) Connect the circuit shown in Fig-2. 2) Set the position of the switches S1 and S2 as indicated in sequence no.1 in Table 2 and then apply power to the circuit. Record the readings of V GK and V AK and indicate the states of the SCR for each sequential setting as in Table 2. 3) Confirm your results in table 2 by repeating step 2). Note: You will get wrong results if you do not follow the experimental sequences.
Questions: i) Before firing (triggering), what is the V AK ? Give reason to support your answer. ii) What is the V AK when the SCR is conducting? Give reason to support your answer.
Fig-1: Go/no-go testing of SCR A K G Multimeter + - S1 1 S2 2 S1 S2 X close Y X close close X open State Sequence No. 1 2 3 4 5 V GK /V V AK /V X close S1 S2 close close close close open open open open reading Sequence No. 1 2 3 4 state Fig-2: Test circuit of an SCR X Y S1 V AA =12V R A =22k R G =10k A K G + V AK
- + V GK
- S2 R L =100/2W R G =1k
EEK361 Power Electronics 2014/2015
Prepared by Dr. Shahid Iqbal 3
Section 3: Current control of an SCR
Section 3.1 Gate Current Control
Procedures: 1) Remove power supply and modify the circuit in Fig-2 as shown in Fig-3(a). 2) Set the switch S1 at position X and then apply power to the circuit. Record the voltage V GK and V AK . 3) Move Switch S1 to position Y. Record V GK and V AK . 4) Turn-off the SCR and repeat step 2) and 3) to confirm your results. Results: Step 2) V GK = ________ , V AK = ________ Step 3) V GK = ________ , V AK = ________ Questions: i) What is the current flowing through the gate (I G ) in step 2)? Is the SCR on or off? Why? ii) What is the current flowing through the gate (I G ) in step 3)? Is the SCR on or off? Why?
Section 3.2 Holding Current Control
Procedures: 1) Remove the power supply and modify the circuit in Fig-3(a) as shown in Fig-3(b). 2) Set the wipers of the potentiometers R H so that the resistance is 0. 3) Ensure that the switch is opened. 4) Make firm connections to the multimeter and to the CH1 as shown in Fig-3(b). 5) Set the multimeter in DC 2V range and the oscilloscope as given below.
Caution to the oscilloscope: Make sure the INTENSITY of the displayed waveforms is not too high, which can burn the screen material of the oscilloscope. Before start this section experiment, check your voltage probes and oscilloscope. Fig-3: Current control of an SCR, (a) gate current control, (b) holding current control (a) R A = 2 x 1M I G
X Y S1 V AA =12V R B = 22k A K G + V AK
- + V GK
- R L =100/2W R G =1k R L =2k R H =2 x 50k or 100k (b) I A
S1 V AA =12V R B = 22k A K G + V AK
- + V RS
- R S =100/ 0.25W Multimeter +
- Connected to CH1 of oscilloscope R G =1k
EEK361 Power Electronics 2014/2015
Prepared by Dr. Shahid Iqbal 4 Oscilloscope settings: Set CH1 knob to 0.1V/div, AC/GND/DC switch to DC, CH1 0V position at the lowest major grid. Note that the oscilloscope needs to be on for 5 10 minutes (warming up time) before setting the position of 0V. Make sure the VARIABLE knobs for CH1 and time base at the CAL positions (means using oscilloscopes calibrations).
6) Apply power supply to the circuit and momentarily close the switch S1 and then open it again. Record the voltage V AK and V RS in Table 3. 7) Slowly adjust R H and record V AK and V RS in Table 3 with V AK change (V AK ) at approximately 0.02V (Note: V AK will decrease and then increase again). The record ends when the reading in V AK suddenly jumps to ~12V (over-range for DC 2V range).
Results:
Table 3
(V AK ~ 0.02V) Note: A disconnection and then connection of multimeter or oscilloscope probes during voltage measurement will affect the precision result for determining the threshold current.
Questions: i) Plot a graph I A versus V AK , where S RS A R V I . Comment on your graph. ii) From the graph, determine the holding current.
Lab report format, evaluation and submission The report should consists of A. Objectives, B. Materials Required C. Introduction 1. Introduction of SCR, 2. Operation of SCR, 3. Current-Voltage Characteristics of SCR D. Experiment procedure, Results and answers for all the questions (Please write down the corresponding step or procedure number as the identification of your answer in appropriate order), E. Discussion, and Conclusion.
Duration of lab report submission: not more than 7 days after the date of your experiment Lab report submitted to: the lab staff of power electronics experiment Penalty for the late submission: deduct 1 mark V AK /V