Do An Nuoc Thai

N MN HC X L NC THI
NHIM V THIT K N MN HC ............................................................................ 2

PHN I:
CNG TRNH X L S B ........................................................................... 5
I. XC NH LU LNG TNH TON CA NC THI : .................................................... 5

II.XC INH NNG BN CA NC THI: ....................................................................... 5
III. TNH TON CNG TRNH X L S B: ............................................................................. 7
PHN II :
TNH TON NGUN THI ........................................................................ 15
CHNG 1 :
XC NH CC THNG S TNH TON V NH GI CHT
LNG NC THI ............................................................................................................. 15
I.1. TNH TON LU LNG ...................................................................................................... 15
I.2.XC NH NNG BN CA NC THI: .................................................................... 18
I.3. XC NH DN S TNH TON ........................................................................................... 21
I.4. XC NH MC LM SCH CA NC THI .......................................................... 22
CHNG II
CHN PHNG N X L V S DY CHUYN CNG
NGH ....................................................................................................................................... 23
II.1. La chn DCCN: ....................................................................................................................... 23
II.2. S Dy chuyn...................................................................................................................... 24
Phng n 1:Phng n 2 ............................................................................................................ 24
Phng n 2.................................................................................................................................. 25
II.3. Thuyt minh DCCN: ................................................................................................................. 26
CHNG III: TNH TON V THIT K CC CNG TRNH N V ........................ 27

III.1. Ngn tip nhn nc thi: ........................................................................................................ 27
III.2. Song chc rc: .......................................................................................................................... 27
III.3. B lng ct ngang: .................................................................................................................... 32
III.4. B iu ha lu lng .............................................................................................................. 36
III.5. B lng ly tm t I: ................................................................................................................. 38
III.6. B lc sinh hc cao ti : ........................................................................................................... 43
III.7. B lng ly tm t II : .............................................................................................................. 52
III.8. B mtan................................................................................................................................... 55
III.9. Sn phi bn............................................................................................................................. 58
III.10.Cng trnh x nc ra sng tip nhn: .................................................................................... 59
SVTH: NGUYN TH THANH HNG

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Trang 1
N MN HC X L NC THI
Khoa Mi Trng H Duy Tn
B mn: K thut v qun l mi trng
NHIM V THIT K N MN HC
K THUT X L NC THI
s: 48
Sinh vin:
Nguyn Th Thanh Hng
Gio vin hng dn:
MSSV: 152255912
ThS. Nguyn Th Hng Tnh
Ngy giao nhim v thit k:

Ngy hon thnh:
A. CC S LIU, TI LIU C S THIT K
Thit k trm x l nc thi khu th vi cc s liu c s sau:
STT Nc thi sinh hot
1
S dn, ngi
2
Tiu chun thot nc, l/ng.ng
Nc thi sn xut
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
93735
150
Nh my 1
(a)
2 ca
800
7,3
100
1256
1866
17
85
4,3
2.102
Thi gian hot ng, gi /ng

Lu lng, m3/ng
pH
Hm lng cht l lng SS, mg/l
BOD5, mg/l
COD, mg/l
Ptng
Ntng
Du m
Cilofom, MNP/100ml
Nh my 2
(b)
2 ca
3800
5,9
611
1723
1900
9,3
79
66
108
Bnh vin
13
14
15
16
17
S ging
450
Lu lng = 398l/ng.ng
179.1m3/ng
Cc s liu thu vn v cht lng nc ca ngun tip nhn nc thi Sng :
Lu lng trung bnh, m3/s
37
Chiu su, m
2,6
Chiu rng, m
60

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Trang 2
N MN HC X L NC THI
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Vn tc dng chy trung bnh, m/s

DO, mg/l
Hm lng cht l lng, mg/l
BOD5, mg/l
COD, mg/l
Cc s liu v thi tit, a cht thu vn:
Nhit trung bnh nm ca khng kh, 0C
Hng gi ch o trong nm
Mc nc ngm cao nht khu vc ang xt, m
Yu cu c bn v cht lng nc thi sau khi x l: m
ngun tip nhn theo TCVN, QCVN hin hnh
0,62
3
10
6
9
25
-B
5
bo yu cu x ra
B. YU CU NI DUNG THC HIN

1. Thuyt minh:
- Xc nh cc thng s tnh ton v nh gi cht lng nc thi
- La chn cng ngh x l nc thi v tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh n v
Phn ni dung thuyt minh c trnh by trn kh giy A4, di dng tp bo
co (font ch: Times New Roman; c ch: 13; l trn: 2,5cm; l di 2,5cm; tri:
3cm; phi: 2cm)
2. Bn v
- Mt bng tng th trm x l nc thi trnh by trn kh giy A3
- S cao trnh dy chuyn cng ngh x l nc thi trnh by trn kh giy A3
- Cc bn v thit k cc cng trnh n v trong dy chuyn cng ngh trnh by trn
kh giy A3
Nng, ngy..thng..nm.
Gio vin ph trch mn hc
ThS. Nguyn Th Hng Tnh

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N MN HC X L NC THI

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N MN HC X L NC THI
CNG TRNH X L S B
PHN I:
Trc khi x l nc thi ca c khu th th phi x l s b nc thi cng

nghip trc v trong thnh phn ca nc thi cng nghip c 1 s thng s qu cao
khng ph hp vi QCVN 40-2011 v gi tr gii hn trong nc thi cng nghip.
Yu cu nc thi cng nghip trc khi vo h tp trung ca Trm x l nc
thi Khu th phi t cc tiu chun theo ct B ca QCVN 40-2011.
-
Hm lng cc cht l lng trong nc thi: 100 mg/l
Hm lng BOD5 trong nc thi: 50 mg/l
I. XC NH LU LNG TNH TON CA NC THI :

-
Lu lng nc thi chung ca c 2 nh my:

3
QtbCN.ng Qtb1 .ng Qtb2 .ng = 800+ 3800 = 4600 (m /ng)
- Lu lng trung bnh gi ca nc thi cng nghip :

QtbCN.ng
Q CN
tb. h =
16
4600
= 287,5 (m3/h)
16
- Lu lng trung bnh giy ca nc thi cng nghip:

QtbCN.s
QtbCN.h 1000 287 ,5 1000
79,86 (l/s)= 0,07986 (m3/s)

3600
3600
II.XC INH NNG BN CA NC THI:

- Hm lng cht l lng c trong nc thi cng nghip:
CN
CTC
Qtb1 .ng .C1 Qtb2 .ng .C2

1
tb .ng
2
tb .ng
800.100 3800.611
= 522 (mg/l)
800 3800
- Hm lng BOD5 c trong nc thi cng nghip:

CN
TC
Qtb1 .ng .L1 Qtb2 .ng .L2

1
tb .ng
2
tb .ng
800.1250 3800.1723
= 1641(mg/l)
800 3800
- Hm lng COD c trong nc thi cng nghip:

CN
TC
COD
Qtb.ng .COD1 Qtb2 .ng .COD2

1
tb .ng
2
tb .ng

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800.1866 3800.1900
= 1894(mg/l)
800 3800
Trang 5
N MN HC X L NC THI
- Tng lng du m
CN
TC
Qtb1 .ng .D1 Qtb2 .ng .D2

Q
1
tb .ng
2
tb .ng
800.4,3 3800.66
= 55,27 (mg/l)
800 3800
800.85 3800.79
= 80,04 (mg/l)
800 3800
- Tng lng Nito

Qtb1 .ng .N1 Qtb2 .ng .N 2
CN
N TC
1
tb .ng
2
tb .ng
- Tng lng Photpho

CN
TC
Qtb1 .ng .P1 Qtb2 .ng .P2

1
tb .ng
2
tb .ng
800.17 3800.9,3
= 10,64 (mg/l)
800 3800
- Tng lng Colifom

CN
TC
CL
Qtb1 .ng .CL1 Qtb2 .ng .Cl 2

Qtb1 .ng Qtb2 .ng
800.2.104 3800.108
= 83.106 (mg/l)
800 3800

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N MN HC X L NC THI
III. TNH TON CNG TRNH X L S B:

- Song chn rc (4% C) - Ngn tip nhn B tuyn ni kh ha tan(90%
C,36%BOD,50%COD) UASB(75%BOD,65%COD,30%C) B lc sinh hc
cao ti(85%BOD,85%COD) B lng - kh trng
Song chn rc
Ngn tip nhn
B tuyn ni kh ha tan
B UASB
B lc sinh hc cao ti
B lng
Kh trng
Trm x l tp trung
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N MN HC X L NC THI
1. B tuyn ni kh ha tan
T s kh/cht rn A/s = 0.03 mg kh/ mg cht rn
t= 250C
Ti trng LA = 48 m3/m2.ng
ha tan ca khng kh Sa = 16.4 ml/l
T s bo ha f = 0.5
p sut yu cu
0,03
A 1.3 S a ( f P 1) 1.3 16 .4 (0.5 P 1)
s
501,12
SS '
P = 3,41 atm=258kPa=26,3 ct nc
Th tch ct p
W QTB
.h t 287,5
1
3
2 9,28 m
60
Chn chiu cao ct p H = 2m

ng knh ct p
D
4W
4 9,28
2,43 m
2
Chn b tuyn ni hnh ch nht

Chiu su phn tuyn ni hn= 3m (TCXD 5-2008 h=1,5-3m)
Chiu su phn lng bn hb= 0.7m
Chiu cao phn bo v hbv= 0.5m
Din tch b mt tuyn ni
A
QTB
4600
95,8 m2
LA
48
Chiu cao xy dng

H=hn+hb+hbv=3+0.7+0.5=4.2 m
Chiu rng
B= 1.5 hn 1.5 3 4.5 m
Chiu di
L=
A 95,8
21,3 m
B 4,5
Chiu di vng phn phi nc vo: lvo=0,8m

Chiu di vng thu nc
: lthu=0,8m
Chiu di xy dng 1 b
Lxd=L1+lvo+lthu 21,3+0,8+0,8=22,9 m
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N MN HC X L NC THI
L 22,9
5,1 m (tha mn >3)

B 4.5
Kim tra
Th tch vng tuyn ni 1 b

W= B L1 hn 4.5 21,3 3 287 ,6 m3
Thi gian lu nc
W
287 ,6
1h
t=
QTB .h
500
Cc cht l lng sau khi qua b tuyn ni gim 90%, BOD5 gim 36%, du m
gim 85%, COD5 gim 50%
Hm lng cc cht bn cn li sau khi qua b tuyn ni
SS "
SS ' (100 90)% 522 10% 52,2 mg/l
BOD5 "
BOD5 ' (100 36)% 1641 64% 1050,24 mg/l
COD5 '
COD(100 50)% 1894 50% 947 mg/l
dm
dm (100 85)% 55,27 15% 8,3 mg/l
2. Tnh ton b UASB:

Qu trnh x l nc thi bng phng php sinh hc k kh l mt qu trnh
pht trin tng i gn y trong lnh vc cng ngh mi trng. u im ca
phng php ny l: t tiu hao nng lng trong qu trnh hot ng, gi thnh vn
hnh thp v t sn sinh ra nng lng c th thu hi s dng di dng biogas.
Thc nghim trn m hnh Pilot rt ra c kt qu sau
Bn nui cy ban u ly t bn ca b phn hy k kh t qu trnh x l
nc thi sinh hot b vi hm lng 30KgSS/m3.
T l MLVS/MLSS ca bn trong b UASB = 0,75
Ti trng b mt phn lng L A 12 m3 / m2 ngay
ti trng th tch L 0 =3 KgCOD/m 3 .ngy, hiu qu kh COD t 65% v
BOD 5 t 75%
Lng bn phn hy k kh cho vo ban u c TS=5%
Y = 0,04gVSS/gCOD, k d = 0,025ngay 1 , =60 ngy
Hm lng BOD5 vo b UASB:

BOD5 = 1050,24 mg/l
Din tch b mt phn lng:
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N MN HC X L NC THI
Qtbngay
LA
4600
383,3 m 2
12
Th tch ngn phn ng b UASB:

VR
Qng C0
LCOD
4600 1050,24
= 1610,4 m3.
3 1000
Chn 10 n nguyn hnh vung, nh vy cnh mi n nguyn c chiu di l:

W
A
383 ,3
6,2m
n
10
Chiu cao phn phn ng

H
Vr 1610 ,4
4,2m
A 383 ,3
Chn chiu cao phu thu kh l h p 1,5m

Chiu cao bo v hbv =0,5m
Chiu cao tng cng b UASB l:
H tc = hp+ h bv + H = 1,5 + 0,5 + 4,2 = 6,2 m
Hm lng COD ca nc thi sau khi x l k kh
COD ra (1 ECOD ) COD vao (1 0,65 ) 947 331,5 mg / l
Hm lng BOD 5 ca nc thi sau khi x l k kh:

BOD ra (1 E BOD ) BOD vao (1 0,75 ) 1050 ,24 262 ,6 mg / l
Hm lng l lng cn li sau khi qua b USAB:

Hm lng cn l lng sau khi i qua x l bng USAB gim 30 %
Css ra = (1- Ess) Css vao = (1 - 0,3) 52,2= 36,54 mg/l.
3. B lc sinh hc cao ti
H s hot ng ca b lc sinh hc cao ti ph thuc vo nhit ca nc
thi, chiu cao b lc, lu lng khng kh v ti trng thu lc:
K
La 262 ,6
=5,252
Lt
50
ng vi nhit nc thi T = 25 0C, ti trng thu lc q = 30 m3/m3.ng,

chiu cao b H = 2 m v lu lng ring khng kh B =10m3/m3, ta c K = 5,52
(Bng 7-23 TCXD 51:2008). Hm lng BOD5 ca hn hp nc tun hon:
Lh K Lt =5,52 50 = 276 > la
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N MN HC X L NC THI
Lh > La nn khng cn tun hon
Din tch ca b lc sinh hc cao ti:
F=
QTB .ng
q
4600
= 153,33 (m2)
30
Trong :
+ Q: lu lng nc thi ngy m vo b , Q= 4600m3/ng.
+ q: ti trng thu lc q = 30 m3/m2.ng
Th tch tng cng ca lp vt liu lc l:
Wvll = Hb.F = 2 153,33 = 306,66 m3
Chn 2 b lc sinh hc cao ti c hnh dng hnh trn trong mt bng.Din tch
mi b l:
F1=
F 153,33
76,67 m 2
2
2
ng knh 1 b:
D=
4.F '
4 76,67
= 9,88m =10 m
3,14
Chn ng knh mi b: D = 10 m.
i vi b lc sinh hc cao ti c th chn vt liu lc l dm c kch thc

40-70 mm, lp vt liu pha di c c ht 700 100 mm v dy khong 0,2 m
B lc sinh hc cao ti dng bin php thng gi l nhn to nn thnh b c
xy kn
Chiu cao xy dng ca b lc sinh hc l :
HXD = H + hsn +hngn thu nc +hbv= 2 + 0,8+1,2+0,5 = 4.5 m
H: chiu cao cng tc ca b, chnh l chiu cao ca lp vt liu lc
hbv: chiu cao bo v
hsn : chiu cao sn thu nc pha y ca b lc
hngn thu nc: chiu cao ngn thu nc
H thng thu nc ca b lc
Chn cch thc thu nc ca b lc l thu nc qua sn c l
Sn c l t cch y b l 0,8 m
Tng din tch cc l thu nc l
Flthu = 8%.F1b = 8% 153,33 = 12,27 m2
y b lc nging v pha thu nc vi dc l 0,02
Tnh ton h thng thng gi cho b lc sinh hc cao ti
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N MN HC X L NC THI
Lng khng kh cn thit cung cp cho b lc cao ti
A=
La
Q 262,6
4600
K1 =
=6291,5 m3/h
2
21
24
21
16
Trong :
+ A: Lng khng kh cn thit cung cp cho b lc sinh hc cao ti, (m3/h)
+ Q: Lu lng nc thi ngy m vo b , Q = 4600 m3/ng.
+ K1: H s d tr, K1 = 2 3; chn K1 = 2
Tnh ton h thng ti phn lc
iu kin quan trng b lc sinh hc lm vic t kt qu tt l nc thi phi
c phn phi u trn b mt lp vt liu lc. Thng thng, i vi b lc sinh hc
c dng hnh trn trong mt bng, nc thi thng c phn phi theo h thng ti
phn lc ( Theo 7.110 TCXD 51-2008)
S lng v ng knh l trong cc ng phn phi c xc nh theo tnh
ton vi iu kin tc nc chy u ng t 0,5 1 m/s
S lng v ng knh l trong cc ng phn phi c xc nh theo tnh ton vi
ng knh nc chy ra khi l c tc khng nh hn 0,5 m/s, ng knh l
khng nh hn 10mm
p lc h thng ti khng nh hn 0.5 m
Cc ng phn phi t cao hn b mt lp vt liu lc 0.2 m
Lu lng tnh ton ca nc thi trn mt b lc sinh hc cao ti:
Q1 =
Qtb .s 79,86
= 39,93 l /s
n
2
Trong :
+ Q.tb.s: Lu lng nc thi ln nht giy Q.tb.s = 79,86 l/s.
+ n: S b lc sinh hc, n = 2 b.
ng knh ca h thng ti phn lc:
Dt = D 200 = 10000 200 = 9800 mm
Chn 4 ng phn phi trong h thng ti phn lc, ng knh ca mi ng
c tnh theo cng thc:

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N MN HC X L NC THI
4 q
=
n v
Do =
4 39 ,93
0,113 113 mm
1000 4 1
Trong :
+ n2: S ng phn phi trong h thng ti phn lc, n2 = 4 ng
+ v: Tc nc chy u ng, v = 1 m/s
+ Q1: Lu lng tnh ton, Q1 = 0.0926 m3/s
Chn ng Do =150mm. Khi vn tc thc t ti cc u ng:
vth =
4 q
4 39,93
=
= 0,56 m/s
n 2 v 1000 4 0.152
0,5 m/s < vth = 0,56 m/s < 1 m/s Tha mn nn c th chp nhn c
S l trn mi ng nhnh phn phi:
m=
1
80
1 1
Dt
1
80
1 1
9800
= 61,5 l = 62 l
V tr cc l c b tr cch tm trc c tnh ton theo s th t ca l cch

trc th t ca l cch trc ca h thng
S vng quay ca h thng ti trong mi pht c xc nh theo cng thc
thc nghim :
r=
34,8 106 Q4 34 ,8 10 6 39 ,93 / 4

=
= 47,65 vng/pht
62 12 9800
m d Dt
Trong :
+ r: S vng quay trong 1 pht
+ d: ng knh ca l, d > 10 mm, chn d = 12 mm.
+ Q2: Lu lng bnh qun cho 1 ng ti, l/s
p lc cn thit h thng ti c xc nh theo cng thc :
6
81 10 6 294 Dt
Q 256 10
m
h = 4
2
2
Do4
K m 10 3
4 d m
2
Trong :
+ Km : M un lu lng, l/s .
Theo bng 4.4 trang 266 sch " X l nc thi th v cng nghip" ca Lm
Minh Trit.
Vi Do = 150 mm Km =134 l/s
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N MN HC X L NC THI
h = 39 ,93
4
256 10 6 81 10 6 294 9800
4
12 4 62 2
150
134 2 10 3
= 320,1mm 0,3201 m.
Hm lng BOD5 sau khi qua b lc sinh hc l
BOD5 "
BOD5 ' (100 85)% 262,6 15% 39,39 mg/l
Hm lng COD sau khi qua b lc sinh hc l
COD5 "
COD' (100 85)% 331,5 15% 49,73mg/l

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N MN HC X L NC THI
PHN II :
TNH TON NGUN THI
CHNG 1 :
XC NH CC THNG S TNH TON V
NH GI CHT LNG NC THI
I.1. TNH TON LU LNG
I.1.1. Lu lng nc thi sinh hot :
sh
- Lu lng trung bnh ngy m ca nc thi sinh hot (Q tb.
ng ):
sh
Q tb.
ng =
Trong :
qt b N 150.93735
=
= 14060,25 (m3/ng)
1000
1000
+ qtb
: Tiu chun thot nc trung bnh, qtb = 150 l/ng.ng
+N
: Dn s ca Khu th, N = 93735 ngi
- Lu lng trung bnh gi ca nc thi sinh hot :

Q
sh
tb. h
Qtbsh.ng
24
14060 ,25
= 585,84 (m3/h)
24
- Lu lng trung bnh giy ca nc thi sinh hot :

Q
sh
tb . s
Qtbsh.h 1000 585 ,84 1000
162,73 (l/s)
3600
3600
I.1.2. Lu lng nc thi bnh vin :

Bnh vin c N = 450 ging bnh.
Lu lng nc thi trung bnh ngy m ca bnh vin l 179 m3/ng
- Lu lng thi trung bnh theo gi ca bnh vin l:
Q bv
tb. h =
Qtbbv.ngd
24
179
3
7,46 (m /h)
24
- Lu lng trung bnh giy :

Q bv
tb . s
Qtbbv.h .1000 7,46 .1000
2,07 (l/s)
3600
3600
I.1.3. Lu lng nc thi cng nghip:

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N MN HC X L NC THI
Nc thi nh my sau khi x l cc b coi nh chy iu ha n trm x l
tp trung (H s khng iu ha ngy m Kng=1)
-
Lu lng nc thi chung ca c 2 nh my:

3
QtbCN.ng Qtb1 .ng Qtb2 .ng = 800+ 3800 = 4600 (m /ng)
- Lu lng trung bnh gi ca nc thi cng nghip :

CN
tb. h
QtbCN.ng
16
4600
= 287,5 (m3/h)
16
- Lu lng trung bnh giy ca nc thi cng nghip:

CN
tb . s
QtbCN.h 1000 287 ,5 1000
79,86 (l/s)= 0,07986 (m3/s)

3600
3600
I.1.4. Lu lng tng cng nc thi ca KT trong mt ngy m :

Tra theo bng 3.1 H s khng iu ha chung (Tiu chun 51: 2008 Thot
nc Mng li v cng trnh bn ngoi tiu chun thit k)
Q tbsh. s = 162,73 l/s
m ax
K ch
1,58 ta c s phn b nc thi nh
sau:

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N MN HC X L NC THI
Bng 2 :Phn b lu lng tng cng nc thi sinh hot, nc thi cng
nghip, nc thi bnh vin theo tng gi trong ngy m.
Cc gi
nc thi sinh hot Bnh vin
NT Cng
nghip
m3
m3
%Q
0-1
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
7-8
8-9
9-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
14-15
15-16
16-17
17-18
18-19
19-20
20-21
21-22
22-23
23-24
Tng
1.55
217.9
1.55
217.9
1.55
217.9
1.55
217.9
1.55
217.9
4.35
611.6
5.95
836.6
5.8
815.5
6.7
942
6.7
942
6.7
942
4.8
674.9
3.95
555.4
5.55
780.3
6.05
850.6
6.05
850.6
5.6
787.4
5.6
787.4
4.3
604.6
4.35
611.6
4.35
611.6
2.35
330.4
1.55
217.9
1.55
217.9
100 14060.25
m3
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
179
287.5
287.5
287.5
287.5
287.5
287.5
287.5
287.5
287.5
287.5
287.5
287.5
287.5
287.5
287.5
287.5
4600
Lu lng tng cng

m3
225.4
225.4
225.4
225.4
225.4
619.1
844.1
823
1237
1237
1237
969.9
850.4
1075.3
1145.6
1145.6
1082.4
1082.4
899.6
906.6
906.6
625.4
512.9
512.9
18840
%Q
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
3.29
4.48
4.37
6.57
6.57
6.57
5.15
4.51
5.71
6.08
6.08
5.75
5.75
4.77
4.81
4.81
3.32
2.72
2.72
100
Da vo bng 1 ta c:
- Lu lng nc thi tng cng trung bnh ngy m:
Qtbtc.ng Qi Qtbsh,ng Qtbbv,ng QtbCN,ng

= 14060,25 + 179 + 4600 =18839,25 (m3 /ngd)= 18840( m3/ng)
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N MN HC X L NC THI
- Lu lng nc thi tng cng trung bnh gi:
tc
tb . h
Qtbtc,ng
24
18840
785 (m 3 / h)
24
- Lu lng nc thi tng cng trung bnh giy:

tc
tb .s
Qtbtc,h
3,6
785
218,1 (l / s)
3,6
- Lu lng tng cng ln nht gi:

3
( tra theo bng 1)
tc
QMax
. h = 1237 (m /h)
- Lu lng tng cng ln nht giy:

tc
Max.s
tc
QMax
,h
3,6
1237
343,61 (l / s)
3,6
- Lu lng tng cng nh nht gi:

Qmtc in .h = 225,4 (m3/h)
( tra theo bng 1)
- Lu lng tng cng nh nht giy:

tc
Min.s
tc
QMin
,h
3,6
225,4
62,61 (l / s)
3,6
I.2.XC NH NNG BN CA NC THI:

I.2.1.Xc nh hm lng cht l lng:
a)Trong nc thi sinh hot:
- Hm lng cht l lng trong nc thi sinh hot l:
C sh
nll .1000
qtb
( Cng thc trangg 98 sch X l nc thi
th v cng nghip Tnh ton v thit k cng trnh Lm Minh Trit ch bin)
Trong : + nll: Ti lng cht rn l lng tiu chun ca NTSH tnh cho 1
ngi (bng 7 4 TCXDVN 51: 2008)
nll= 60 - 65 g/ng.ng Chn nll = 60 g/ng.ng
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N MN HC X L NC THI
+ qtb: tiu chun thot nc trung bnh, qtb = 150 l/ng.ng
C sh
nll .1000 60 .1000
= 400 (mg/l)
qtb
1500
b)Trong nc thi sn xut:

* Nng cht l lng trong nc thi cng nghip:CCN = 36,5 (mg/l)
c)Trong nc thi bnh vin:
- Nc thi bnh vin l nc thi t cc ging bnh. Nng cht l lng trong
nc thi bnh vin:
C BV
nll .1000 .N bv
QtbBV ng
Trong :
+ nll: Ti lng cht rn l lng tiu chun ca NTSH tnh cho 1 ngi (bng 7
4 TCXDVN 51: 2008)nll = 60 - 65 g/ng.ng Chn nll = 60 g/ng.ng
+ QtbBVng : lu lng nc thi ca bnh vn
Nbv: s bnh nhn trong bnh vin
C bv
nll .N bv .1000
60.450.1000
=
= 150,82 (mg/l)
BV
Qtb ng
179.1000
Cbv =150,82 mg/l >Cbv = 100 mg/l nn cn x l s b t theo

QCVN 28-2011BTNMT, cho chy vo h tp trung ca trm x l KT.
d)Nng cht l lng tng cng :
Nng cht l lng trong nc thi ca mng li thot nc l:
Qtbsh.ngd .C sh QtbCN.ng .C CN Qbv .C bv
Qi .Ci
C tc
=
Q
Qtbsh.ngd QtbCN.ng Qbv
14060 ,25 .400 4600 .36 ,5 179 .100

= 308,39 (mg/l)
14060 ,25 4600 179
I.2.2.Xc nh hm lng BOD5 trong nc thi :

a)Trong nc thi sinh hot:
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N MN HC X L NC THI
Nng cht hu c BOD5 trong nc thi sinh hot l:
Lsh
nBOD5 .1000
qtb
65.1000
433,33 (mg/l)
150
n BOD5 = 65 g/ng.ng : ti lng cht bn theo BOD5 tiu chun ca nc thi
sinh hot tnh cho 1 ngi/1 ng ca nc cha lng (bng 7 4 TCXDVN 51:
2008)
- qtb = 150 l/ng.ng : tiu chun thot nc trung bnh
b)Trong nc thi cng nghip:
Sau khi c x l s b nc thi ca nh my t tiu chun x thi i vi
nc thi cng nghip vo mng li thot nc thnh ph l:LCN = 39,39 (mg/l)
c)Trong nc thi bnh vin:
Nc thi bnh vin l nc thi t cc ging bnh
L bv
nBOD5 .N bv .1000
Qbv
65.460.1000
163,41 (mg/l/)
179.1000
n BOD5 = 65 g/ng.ng : ti lng cht bn theo BOD5 tiu chun ca nc thi sinh
hot tnh cho 1 ngi/1 ng ca nc cha lng (bng 7 4 TCXDVN 51: 2008)
- Nbv: s ngi trong bnh vin Nbv =450 ngi
- Qbv: Lu lng thi ca bnh vn, Qbv =179 (m3/ng.)
Nc thi bnh vin khi cha qua x l vt qu tiu chun cho php x vo
mng li thot nc thnh ph nn cn x l s b. Sau khi c x l s b nc
thi ca bnh vin t tiu chun thi vo mng li thot nc thnh ph l: L BV =
50mg/l ( ly theo tiu chun thi QCVN 28-2008).
d) Nng cht hu c trong hn hp nc thi :
Nc thi trong h thng thot nc bao gm nc thi sinh hot, nc thi
nh my dt , bia v nc thi bnh vin. Nng cht hu c trong nc thi ca
mng li thot nc l:
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N MN HC X L NC THI
sh
CN
Qi .Li Qtb.ngd .Lsh Qtb.ng .LCN Qbv .Lbv
L tc
=
Q
Qtbsh.ngd QtbCN.ng Qbv
14060 ,25 .433 ,33 4600 .39 ,39 179 .50

= 333,5 (mg/l)
14060 ,25 4600 179
I.3. XC NH DN S TNH TON

I.3.1.Dn s tnh ton tnh theo hm lng cht l lng:
- Dn s tng ng tnh theo cht l lng ca Cng nghip:
N
ll
td
QtbCN.ng .CCN
nll
4600.36,54
2801 (ngi)
60
N BV 450 (ngi)
+ Ci : (mg/l) hm lng cht l lng ca nc thi nh cng nghip v bnh vin khi
thi vo mng li thot nc ca khu th.
+ Qi : ( m3/ng ): lu lng ca cng nghip , bnh vin.
+ nll: Ti lng cht rn l lng tiu chun ca NTSH tnh cho 1 ngi (bng 7 4
TCXDVN 51: 2008) nll = 60 - 65 g/ng.ng Chn nll = 60 g/ng.ng
- Dn s tnh ton tnh theo cht l lng :
N ll N tdll N BV N = 93735 +450+ 2801= 96986 (ngi )
I.3.2.Dn s tnh ton tnh theo hm lng BOD5:
- Dn s tng ng tnh theo BOD5 :
N tdBOD
20
CN
Li .Qi Qtb.ng .LCN Qbv .Lbv 4600.39,39 179.50
= 2926 (ngi)
nBOD5
nBOD5
65
+ Li (mg/l) : lng BOD5 ca nc thi cng nghip v bnh vin khi thi vo mng
li thot nc ca khu th.
+ Qi (m3/ng) :lu lng ca cng nghip , bnh vin.
+ n BOD = 65 g/ng.ng : ti lng cht bn theo BOD5 tiu chun ca nc thi sinh
5
hot tnh cho 1 ngi/1 ng ca nc cha lng (bng 7 4 TCXDVN 51: 2008)
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N MN HC X L NC THI
- Dn s tnh ton tnh theo BOD5 :
N N BOD N BOD N = 2926 + 93735 = 96661(ngi)
5
I.4. XC NH MC LM SCH CA NC THI

Ngun tip nhn l sng loi A2. Theo QCVN 08 : 2008/BTNMT
Hm lng cht rn l lng: SS 30 (mg/l)
BOD5 6 (mg/l)
COD 15 (mg/l)
I.4.1.Mc lm sch tnh theo hm lng cht l lng:
E SS
CTC Ctn
308 ,39 30
.100
.100 90 %
CTC
308 ,39
CTC = 308,39mg/l : nng cht l lng c trong thnh phn nc thi hn hp.
Ctn= 30 mg/l : nng cht l lng cho php khi thi nc thi vo ngun tip nhn
I.4.2.Mc lm sch tnh theo hm lng BODht:
E BOD5
LTC Ltn
333 ,5 6
.100
.100 98 %
LTC
333 ,5
LTC= 333,5mg/l : nng BOD5 c trong thnh phn nc thi hn hp.

Ltn = 6 mg/l
: hm lng BOD5 cho php khi thi nc vo ngun tip nhn

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N MN HC X L NC THI
CHNG II
CHN PHNG N X L V S DY
CHUYN CNG NGH
II.1. La chn DCCN:

Vic la chn s cng ngh ca trm x l da vo cc yu t c bn sau:
- Cng sut ca trm x l.
- Thnh phn v c tnh ca nc thi.
- Mc cn thit x l nc thi.
- Tiu chun x nc thi vo ngun tip nhn.
- iu kin mt bng v c im a cht thy vn khu vc xy dng trm x l.
- Phng php s dng cn
Vic la chn s cng ngh ca trm x l da vo cc yu t c bn sau:
- Cng sut ca trm x l.
- Thnh phn v c tnh ca nc thi.
- Mc cn thit x l nc thi.
- Tiu chun x nc thi vo ngun tip nhn.
- iu kin mt bng v c im a cht thy vn khu vc xy dng trm x l.
T nhng iu kin phn tch, c th la chn 2 phng n tnh ton cng
ngh x l nc thi v so snh la chn phng n no thch hp v c hiu qu kinh
t k thut tt hn.

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N MN HC X L NC THI
II.2. S Dy chuyn
Phng n 1:
Ngn tip nhn
Song chn rc
B lng ct
My nghin rc
Sn phi ct
B iu ha
B lng li tm
t 1
B lc sinh hc
cao ti
B lng li tm
t 2
B metan
H ty tin
H x l trit
Mng trn
Clo
B tip xc

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Sn phi bn
Trang 24
N MN HC X L NC THI
Phng n 2
NT Trm tp trung
Ngn tip nhn
Song chn rc
My nghin
B lng ct
Sn phi ct
Vn
Chuyn
B iu ha
Lng li tm 1
B Metan
Cp kh
B lm thong
B lc cao ti
Cp kh
Lng ng 2
B nn
Vn
chuyn
Ngun tip Sng nhn

Loi A2 QCVN 08-2008
Sn phi bn

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N MN HC X L NC THI
II.3. Thuyt minh DCCN:

Vi cc thng s, c tnh ca nc thi ca trm XLNT tp trung ta c th s dung 1
trong 2 phng n trn x l. Tuy nhin Phng n 2 ph hp nhu cu ca a
phng.
Thuyt minh phng n 2:
Nc thi sau khi x l cc b ti tng nh my theo c a v h thng ng
thu gom ca khu cng nghip chy trm x l tp trung bng ng ng t chy. Tt
c lng nc thi dn v ging tp trung trong trm x l. Ti y, nc c
bm ln ngn tip nhn bng hai ng p lc. T ngn tip nhn nc theo mng dn
qua song chn rc gi li cc tp cht c kch thc ln, v b lng ct ngang nhm
loi b cc tp cht v c khng ha tan nh ct, si... Tip nc thi tip tc a
sang b iu ha lu lng,sau nc c a sang b lng ly tm t I nhm tch
mt lng cht l lng. Nc thi sau khi qua qu trnh x l c hc tip tc vo b
aeroten y c ngn ti sinh. Ti y din ra qu trnh oxy ha cc cht hu c bi cc
vi sinh vt trong iu kin hiu kh to thnh bng bn hot tnh. Tip theo nc c
a sang b lng ng II nhm lng bt bn hot tnh, mt phn bn c a tun
hon v b aeroten, phn bn d cn li c a sang b nn bn. NT tip tc qua B
lc cao ti x l BOD, SS,Ti y cc cht hu c c oxy ha gn vi hiu
sut khong 80-85%. Nc tip tc a sang b lng ng t II tch bn hot tnh.
Nc sau khi x l c x vo sng vi tiu chun u ra l ngun loi A2 ca
QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT.
Lng bn to ra sau khi cn c phn hy trong b metan c a sang sn
phi bn nhm lm gim m t 96% n 80%. Sau bn kh c vn chuyn
n bi chn lp hp v sinh.

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N MN HC X L NC THI
CHNG III: TNH TON V THIT K CC CNG TRNH N V

III.1. Ngn tip nhn nc thi:
+ Nc thi ca khu th
gm NTSH, NTBV, NTCN c
Nc thi vo
H
bm theo ng ng p lc n
h
ngn tip nhn ca trm x l.

Ngn tip nhn c t v tr cao
Ngn tip nhn
nc thi t c th t chy
qua tng cng trnh n v ca trm
x l.
+ Da vo lu lng tnh ton
Hnh 2: Ngn tip nhn
3
tc
c xc nh, QMax
. h = 1237 (m /h),
chn 1 ngn tip nhn nn lu lng mi ngn: q mtc ax.h 1237(m3/h).

Tra theo bng 3-4 Kch thc ngn tip nhn nc thi (sch X l nc thi
th v cng nghip Tnh ton v thit k cng trnh Lm Minh Trit ch bin)
ta c kch thc ngn tip nhn nh sau:
Bng 3:Kch thc ngn tip nhn nc thi ca Trm x l nc thi ca Khu th
Lu lng
nc thi Q
(m3/h)
1237
ng knh
ng p lc,
d (mm)
2 ng
300
Kch thc ca ngn tip nhn (mm)

A
2000
B
2300
H
2000
H1
1600
h
750
h1
750
b
600
III.2. Song chc rc:

Nhim v ca song rc l gi cc tp cht c kch thc ln (ch yu l rc).
y l cng trnh u tin trong thnh phn ca trm x l nc thi. Ni dung tnh
ton bao gm: tnh mng dn nc t ngn tip nhn n song chn rc, mng dn
mi song chn rc v tnh ton song chn rc.
III.2.1.Tnh ton mng dn:
Mng dn nc thi t ngn tip nhn n song chn rc c tit din hnh ch
nht. V c 1 ngn tip nhn nn chn 1 mng dn..
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N MN HC X L NC THI
Bng 4: Tnh ton thu lc mng dn nc thi sau ngn tip nhn:
Lu lng tnh ton, L/s
Thng s thu lc
q tbtc.s 218 ,1
q mtc ax.s 343 ,61
q mtc in .s 62 ,61
dc i ( )
0,8
0,8
0,8
Vn tc v ( m/s)
0,66
0,75
0,5
y h (m)
0,54
0,78
0,18
Chiu ngang b (m)
0,6
0,6
0,6
Chiu cao H (m)
0,9
0,9
0,9
III.2.2. Tnh ton song chn rc (SCR):

Nc thi sau khi qua ngn tip nhn theo mng dn ti song chn rc. Chn
2 SCR gm 1 SCR cng tc, 1 d phng. Trong , s dng SCR c gii.
Mng dn nc thi mi SCR l mng c tit din hnh ch nht, c cc
kch thc, thng s nh mng dn nc thi t ngn tip nhn n SCR.
- Chiu su lp nc song chn rc bng y tnh ton ca mng dn nc thi
ng vi qmax:
h = hmax = 0,78 m
- S khe h song chn rc:

n
q max.s
343,61.10-3
.K 2
.1,05 24,67 25 (khe)
v.l.h1
0,75.0,025.0,78
Trong :
n : s khe h ca SCR
qmax: lu lng ln nht ca nc thi qua SCR, qmax = 343,61 l/s = 343,61.10-3 m3/s
v : tc nc chy qua song chn ng vi qmax, v = 0,75( m/s).
l: khong cch gia cc khe h ca song chn, l = 0,025 m ( iu 6.11-TCXDVN
51:2008)
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N MN HC X L NC THI
h1 : chiu su lp nc qua song chn, h1 = 0,78 m
K2 : h s k n mc cn tr dng chy do h thng co rc c gii K2 = 1.05
- Chiu rng ca song chn :
BS = s.(n - 1) + (l x n)
Trong :
s: chiu dy ca mi thanh, s = 0,008 m

n : s khe h ca SCR, n = 25 khe
l: khong cch gia cc khe h ca song chn, l = 0,025 m
BS = 0,008 x (25- 1) + (0,025 25) = 0,817 (m)
Kim tra vn tc dng chy phn m rng ca mng trc song chn ng vi qmin
khc phc kh nng ng cn khi vn tc nh hn 0,4 m/s
q min
62,61.10 3
Vmin=
= 0,426 (m/s) > 0,4 m/s (tha mn)
Bs .hmin 0,817.0,18
- Tn tht p lc qua song chn rc :

h .
Trong :
2
v max
.K1
2.g
[m]
vmax: vn tc nc thi qua song chn rc ng vi Qmax, vmax = 0,75 m/s.

K1: h s tnh n s tng tn tht do mc rc vo song chn rc, K1=3
( iu 7.26 TCXDVN 51:2008)

: h s sc cn cc b ca song chn rc
4/3
4/3
0,008
s
. .sin 2,42.
.sin600 0,892
l
0,025
: h s ph thuc vo tit din ngang ca song chn rc, ly theo bng

3-7 (sch X l nc thi th v cng nghip Tnh ton v thit k cng trnh
Lm Minh Trit ch bin) = 2,42.
: gc nghing ca song chn rc so vi hng dng chy, = 600.

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N MN HC X L NC THI
h 0,892 .
0,75 2
.3 = 0,077 (m) = 7,7 (cm)
2.9,81
- Chiu di phn m rng trc thanh chn rc :

L1
Trong :
Bs Bm
2.tg20
0,817 0,6
= 0,3
2.tg20 0
(m)
Bs: chiu rng song chn rc, Bs = 0,817 m.

Bm: chiu rng ca mng dn, Bm = 0,6 m.
= 200: gc nghing ch m rng.

- Chiu di phn m rng sau song chn rc:
L2 = L1/2 = 0,15 m
- Chiu di xy dng ca mng lp t song chn l:
L = L1 + L2 + Ls = 0,3 + 0,15 + 1,5 = 1,95 m
Chiu di xy dng ca phn mng lp t song chn rc: Ls = 1,5 (m) (theo
iu 6.15 - TCXDVN 51:2008)
- Chiu su xy dng ca phn t song chn:
H = hmax + hs + 0,5 = 0,78 + 0,077 + 0,5 = 1,36 (m)
Trong :
hmax: chiu su lp nc ng vi Qmax, hmax = 0,78 m

hs: tn tht cc p lc qua song chn rc, hs= 0,077 m.
hbv = 0,5: khong cch gia ct sn nh t song chn rc v mc
nc cao nht. (theo iu 7.25 - TCXDVN 51:2008)

- Lng rc ly ra trong ngy m t song chn rc:
Wr
Trong :
a.N ll
3.96986
= 0,8 (m3/ng)
365.1000 365.1000
a: lng rc tnh cho u ngi trong nm, theo iu 6.14 - TCXDVN
51:2008) vi chiu rng khe h l 25 35 mm nn ly a = 3 (l/ngi.nm).

Nll: dn s tnh ton theo cht l lng, Nll =96986 ngi.
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N MN HC X L NC THI
- Trng lng rc ly ra trong ngy m tnh theo cng thc:
P = Wr.G =0,8.750 = 600 (kg/ng) =0,6 T/ng.
Vi: G l khi lng ring ca rc, G = 750 kg/m3, theo iu 6.14 TCXDVN 51:2008.
- Lng rc trong tng gi trong ngy m:
Ph
0,6
0,6
.K h
.2 0,05(T / h)
24
24
Kh : h s khng iu ho gi ca rc, Kh = 2 ( theo iu 6.14 - TCXDVN 51:2008)

Rc c nghin nh nh my nghin rc ( gm 2 my trong 1 cng tc
v 1 d phng, cng sut mi my 0,05 T/h) v sau dn n b mtan x l cng
vi cn ti v bn hot tnh d.
- Lng nc cn cung cp cho my nghin rc: 40 m3 cho 1 tn rc
Qn = 40.P = 40. 0,6 = 24 (m3/ng)
Quanh song chn rc b tr li i li c chiu rng 1,2m, trc song chn 1,5 m theo
iu 6.15 - TCXDVN 51:2008)
Mt ct I -I
2
hs
h
60
1 - Song chn rc
Mt bng
I
2 - Sn cng tc
Bs
20
L
Hnh 3 : Cu to song chn rc

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N MN HC X L NC THI
Hm lng cht l lng v hm lng BOD5 qua song chn rc gim 4%, cn li:
C = CTC . (100 - 4) % = 308,39.(100 4)% = 296,05(mg/l)
L = LTC . (100 4) % = 333,5. ( 100 4)% = 320,16 (mg/l)
III.3. B lng ct ngang:
III.3.1. Tnh ton mng dn nc thi n b lng ct :
Tnh ton thy lc cho mng dn da vo lu lng ln nht.
Da vo bng tnh ton thy lc ta c kt qu tnh ton thy lc ca mng dn nh
sau : (Ging Bng 2)
Bng 5 : Tnh ton thy lc mng dn
Lu lng tnh ton, L/s
Thng s thu lc
q tbtc.s 218 ,1
q mtc ax.s 343 ,61
q mtc in .s 62 ,61
dc i ( )
0,8
0,8
0,8
Vn tc v ( m/s)
0,66
0,75
0,5
y h (m)
0,54
0,78
0,18
Chiu ngang b (m)
0,6
0,6
0,6
Chiu cao H (m)
0,9
0,9
0,9
III.3.2. Tnh ton b lng ct ngang :

Chn 3 b lng ct ngang gm 2 b lm vic v 1 b d phng
- Chiu di b lng ct ngang :
L=
1000 .K .v m ax.H m ax
( CT 7-3 TCXDVN 51:2008)
U0

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N MN HC X L NC THI
Trong :
+ Hmax : Chiu su lp nc trong b lng ct ngang, ly Hmax = hmax =
0,78m.
+ vmax : Vn tc dng chy trong b ng vi Qmax, vmax= 0,3 m/s (iu
7.33 TCXD 51:2008)
+ U0 : kch thc thu lc ca ht ct, c ly theo bng 7-6 TCXDVN
51:2008), ly Uo = 24,2mm/s ng vi d = 0,25 mm
+ K : H s thc nghim tnh n nh hng ca c tnh dng chy ca
nc n tc lng ca ht ct trong b lng ct, K = 1,3 ng vi U o = 24,2 mm/s
(bng 7-6 TCXDVN 51:2008)
L =
1000 .1,3.0,3.0,78
1000 .K .v m ax.H m ax
=
=12,57 (m)
U0
24 ,2
- Din tch mt ct t ca mi n nguyn:

W=
tc
Qmax
343,61.10 3
.s
= 0,573 (m2) (CT 7.2 TCXDVN 51:2008)

v max.n
0,3.2
- Chiu rng ca b lng ct c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

B
W
0,573
0,734
hm ax 0,78
(m)
- Th tch phn cha ct ca b lng ct ngang :

WC =
N ll .P.T 96986.0,02.1
3
1,94 (m )
1000
1000
Trong :
+ Nll = 96986 ngi : Dn s tnh ton theo lng cht l lng

+ P = 0,02 l/ng.ng : Lng ct gi li trong b lng ct cho 1 ngi
trong ngy m ly theo bng 7-7 (Theo iu 7.34 TCXDVN 51:2008).

+ T : Chu k x ct, chn T = 1 ngy m.
- y h thu c kch thc : f1 = 0,5 x 0,5 = 0,25 (m2)
- Ming h thu c kch thc : f2 = 2 x 2 = 4 (m2)

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N MN HC X L NC THI
- Chiu cao ca 1 h thu ct : Wc /2 =
1
hc .( f1 f 2
3
f1 . f 2 ) hc = 0,56 (m)
- Chiu cao lp ct trong b lng ct ngang trong mt ngy m :

hc =
1,94
Wc
=
= 0,039 (m)
12 ,57 .2.2
L.b.n
- Chiu cao xy dng ca b lng ct ngang :

Hxd = Hmax + hc + hbv = 0,78 + 0,039 + 0,5 = 1,32 (m)
Trong :
hbv = 0,5 m : Chiu cao bo v.
- Kim tra li tnh ton vi iu kin vmin 0,15m/s :

vmin =
Trong :
tc
Qmin
62,61.10 3
s
= 0,17 (m/s)
.b.H min
2.0,18
Hmin = 0,3 m : su lp nc ng vi Q tcm in s = 62,61 l/s.
Ct lng b lng ct c gom v h tp trung u b bng th cng, t

a hn hp ct nc n sn phi ct.
dn ct n sn phi ct bng thit b nng thy lc, cn pha long ct vi
nc thi sau x l vi t l 1:20 theo trng lng ct.
+ Nc cng tc do my bm vi p lc 2 3 at.
+ Thi gian mi ln x ct : 30 pht.
+ m ca ct : 60%.
+ Trng lng th tch ca ct : 1,5 tn/m3.
- Lng nc cng tc cn thit cho thit b nng thy lc :
Qct = Wc . 1,5. 20 = 1,94. 1,5 . 20 = 58,2 (m3/ng)
Ct ly ra khi b lng ct c cha mt lng nc ng k, do cn lm ro
ct d dng vn chuyn i ni khc. Qu trnh lm ro ct c tin hnh sn
phi ct.
- Mng phn phi nc u b v cui b :
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N MN HC X L NC THI
+ Din tch mng thu :
f
TC
Qmax,
s
343,61.10 3
20,57 (m2)
0,6
V: vn tc nc trong mng v = 0,6 m/s (Bng 7-8 TCXD 51-2008)

Chn chiu su ca mng bng chiu su lp nc trong b lng ct ngang h = 0,78 m.
+ Chiu rng mng: b
f 0,57
0,15 (m)
l
2.2
- Hm lng cht l lng v hm lng BOD5 qua b lng ct ngang gim 5%, cn
li:
C2 = C . (100 - 5) % = 296,05.(100 5)% = 281,25(mg/l)
L2 = L . (100 5) % = 320,16. ( 100 5)% =304,15 (mg/l)
III.3.3. Tnh ton sn phi ct :
c h t h c h
1 t p
2 n g d n c t v o
3 m- n g p h n ph i
4 ng t hu n- c
5 n g t u n h o n n - c
Hnh 4: S cu to sn phi ct
- Din tch hu ch ca sn phi ct :

F=
N ll .P.365 96986.0,02.365
=
= 176,99 177 (m2)
1000.h
1000.4
Trong :
+ h : Chiu cao lp ct trong nm, h = 4 m/nm (khi ly ct phi kh
theo chu k) (Theo iu 7.37 TCXDVN 51:2008).

+ P = 0,02 l/ng.ng : Lng ct gi li trong b lng ct cho 1 ngi trong ngy m
ly theo bng 7-7 (Theo iu 7.32 TCXDVN 51:2008).
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N MN HC X L NC THI
+ Nll = 96986 ngi : Dn s tnh ton theo lng cht l lng
- Chn sn phi ct gm 2 , din tch mi l : 177: 2 = 88,5 m2 90 m2
- Kch thc mi l : 10.9 = 90 (m x m).
- Tng din tch ca sn phi ct: S = 10.9.2= 180 (m2)
*Tnh ton lng nc hi lu t sn phi ct v li ngun tip nhn
QHL= Wc60%+Qct= 1,94 0.6 + 58,2 = 68 (m3/ng) = 2,83 (m3/h) = 0,79 (l/s)
III.4. B iu ha lu lng
* Lu lng cn iu ha:
- Tnh th tch tch ly:
Th tch tch ly dng vo b iu ha ca gi th i c xc nh:
Vv(i) = Vv(i-1) + Qtr
Trong :
(m3)
Vv(i-1) : th tch tch ly dng vo ca gi trc (m3).

Qtr(i)
: lu lng nc thi ca gi ang xt (th i) (m3/h).
Th tch tch ly dng ra khi b ca gi th i:

Vr(i) = Vb(i-1) + Qb(i) , m3.
Trong :
Vb(i-1) : th tch tch ly bm ra khi b ca gi trc (m3).

Qb(i)
: lu lng bm ra khi b ca gi ang xt (th i), (m3/h).
Da vo lu lng theo gi Qh, th tch tch ly vo Vv(i) v th tch tch ly ra

Vb(i), lp bng th tch tch ly cho mi gi trong ngy. T xc nh dung tch b
iu ho:

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N MN HC X L NC THI
Bng 6: Th tch tch ly theo gi trong b iu ha

Gi
Qtrm
(m3/h)
0-1
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
7-8
8-9
9-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
14-15
15-16
16-17
17-18
18-19
19-20
20-21
21-22
22-23
23-24
225.4
225.4
225.4
225.4
225.4
619.1
844.1
823
1237
1237
1237
969.9
850.4
1075.3
1145.6
1145.6
1082.4
1082.4
899.6
906.6
906.6
625.4
512.9
512.9
Th tch tch ly
vo b (m3/h)
225.4
450.8
676.2
901.6
1127
1746.1
2590.2
3413.2
4650.2
5887.2
7124.2
8094.1
8944.5
10019.8
11165.4
12311
13393.4
14475.8
15375.4
16282
17188.6
17814
18326.9
18839.8
Th tch tch ly
bm i (m3/h)
785
1570
2355
3140
3925
4710
5495
6280
7065
7850
8635
9420
10205
10990
11775
12560
13345
14130
14915
15700
16485
17270
18055
18840
Hiu s
th tch (m3/h)
560
1119
1679
2238
2798
2964
2905
2867
2415
1963
1511
1326
1261
970
610
249
-48
-346
-460
-582
-704
-544
-272
0
- Thi gian lu nc trong b iu ha l 6h.

- Th tch b iu ha tnh theo l thuyt c tnh bng cng thc:
Vdh(lt) = Vmax Vmin = 2964 (-704) = 3668 (m3)
- Khi th tch thc ca b iu ha phi xy dng l:
Vdh(tt) = (1,1 1,2) . Vdh(lt)
Chn Vh(tt) = 1,2. Vh(lt) = 1,2.3668 = 4402 (m3)
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N MN HC X L NC THI
Chn mt bng xy dng ca b l hnh ch nht, chia lm 2 b.
- Chiu cao lp nc trong b l 4,5 m khi chiu cao xy dng ca b l:
Hxd = 4.5 + 0,5 = 5m
- Din tch mi b: F = (4402/4,5)/4 = 244,56 m2
- Chn xy dng b vi kch thc l hnh ch nht D
4 .F
4.244,56
17,65 m
.
3,14
Chn D= 18 m
* Tnh ton h thng cp kh cho b iu ho
Chn khuy trn b iu ho bng h thng thi kh, lng kh nn cn thit
cho khuy trn:
qkh = R.V dh ( tt ) (l/s)
Trong R l tc kh nn, R = 12 L/m3.pht = 0,012m3/pht.
Vy: qkh = 0,012.(3,14.D2)/4.H = 0,012.4,5.(3,14.182)/4 = 13,734 (m3/pht) = 824
(m3/h) = 229 (l/s)
- Hm lng cht l lng v hm lng BOD5 qua b iu ha c sc kh gim 25%,
cn li:
C3 = C2 . (100 - 5) % = 281,25.(100 5)% = 267,19 (mg/l)
L3 = L2 . (100 5) % = 304,15. ( 100 5)% = 288,94 (mg/l)
III.5. B lng ly tm t I:
- Din tch mt thong tng cng ca b lng li tm :
F=
Qtb 785
2
392 ,5 (m )
q
2
Trong :
Qtb : Lu lng tng cng trung bnh theo gi, Qtb = 785 (m3/h).
q
: Ti trng thit k ca b lng li tm, q = 2 - 3.5 ( m3/m2.h).
- Chn H1 = 3 (m) : chiu su vng lng ca b lng ly tm .

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N MN HC X L NC THI
- Chn xy dng n = 2 b lng li tm hot ng ng thi.
- Din tch mt thong phn lng ca mi b l :
Fb =
F
n
392 ,5
2
196 ,25 (m )
2
Chn din tch mi b l 200 m2

- ng knh ca mi b l:
Db =
4 Fb
4 200
15,9 16 (m)
3.14
- ng knh ca ng hng dng

Do = 0,15.Db = 0,15 . 16 = 2,4 (m)
Tng ng knh mi b:
D = 16 + 0,4 = 16,4 (m)
Db2
3.14 16 2
3 603 (m3)
- Th tch cha nc ca mi b : Wb =
4
4
- Thi gian lu nc trong b :

T=
Wb n 603 2
1,54 1,6 (h)

Qtb
785
- Chiu cao tm chn hng dng, chn Hhd = 1/3H=1(m).

- Tc thanh gt bn (2- 3) vng/h, chn 3 vng/h.
- Tnh ton mng trn thu nc xung quanh b:
Ta c :
Qb =
Qtb 785
3
392,5 (m /h)
n
2
Chn mng trn c b rng B = 750(mm)

Ti trng ca mng trn :
u=
Qb
392 ,5
3
7,8 (m /m.h) = 2,17 (l/m.s) < 10 (l/m.s)

Db 3.14 16
- B lng li tm c dng hnh tr, dc y b l 5%.

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N MN HC X L NC THI
- Chn thi gian gia 2 ln x cn l t = 8h.
- Dung tch cn trong mi b c tnh:
Wcb
q.C hh .E.t.K
(m 3 / 8h)
(100 P).1000 .1000 .n
Trong : Chh: hm lng cht l lng trong hn hp nc thi ban u, Chh = 290,65
(mg/l)
E: hiu sut lng ca b lng li tm t I, E = 65%.
P: m ca cn lng, P = 95%. (iu 7.54 - TXDVN 51:2008)
T: chu k x cn, T = 8h.
K: H s k n kh nng tng lng cn do c c ht l lng ln, K= 1.1
q: lu lng nc thi trung bnh theo gi, q = 785 (m3/h).
n: S b lng cng tc. n =2 b
Wcb
785 .281,25 .65 .8.1,1

12 ,63(m 3 / 8h)
(100 95 ). 1000 .1000 .2
H thu cn c:
- Ming h thu c R = 3m
- y h thu c kch thc r = 2m
- Chiu cao ca 1 h thu cn: Wc =
hc .(R 2 R.r r 2 ) hc = 0,64 (m)
-Lng cn tng cng ca 2 b :

Wc 2.Wcb 2.12 ,63 25,26 (m 3 / 8h) 75,78 (m 3 / ng )
- Chiu cao xy dng ca b lng ly tm l :

Hb = H1 + h2 + h3 + h4 + hc = 3+ 0,3 + 0,5 + 0, 6 +0,64 = 5,04 (m)
Trong :
H1 = 3m: chiu cao vng lng trong b lng ly tm 1.

h2 = 0,3m : chiu cao ca lp trung ho.
hc = 0,64m : chiu cao ca h thu cn.

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N MN HC X L NC THI
h3= 0,5m : chiu cao bo v
h4 = chiu cao phn to dc:
hc =
Dd
16,4 3
tg
tg 5 0.6 m
2
2
Vi D: ng knh b D = 18 m;
: gc to dc 5o ;
d: ng knh y b. d = (15 -20)%. D vy d = 18%.16,4 = 3 m

* Hiu sut lng cht l lng ,BOD5 , COD trong b lng ly tm 1:
- Hiu sut lng cht l lng v BOD5 trong b lng ly tm 1:
E SS
t
1,6
53,51 %
a b.t 0,0075 0,014 .1,6
Trong :
t l thi gian lu nc trong b lng ly tm 1

a, b hng s thc nghim chn theo bng 4-5 (sch Tnh ton cc cng
trnh x l nc thi TS. Trnh Xun Lai).

- Hm lng cht l lng c trong nc thi sau khi i qua b lng li tm 1 l:
C 4'
C 3' (100 ESS ) 267,19 (100 53,51)
124 ,22 (mg/l)

100
100
- Hm lng BOD5 cn li trong b lng li tm 1 l:

L
4'
L3' (100 E BOD5 )

100
288,94 (100 32 )
196 ,48 (mg/l)
100
Trong :
- CTC, LTC,: hm lng cht l lng, BOD5, trong nc thi khi a vo x l ti b.
- ECOD,: hiu sut kh BOD5, ca b lng li tm - tra theo bng 2-1 Hiu sut lm
sch ca cc cng on khc nhau trong XLNT sch Tnh ton cc cng trnh cng
trnh x l nc thi TS. Trnh Xun Lai.)

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N MN HC X L NC THI
Hnh 5: B lng ly tm

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N MN HC X L NC THI
III.6. B lc sinh hc cao ti :
- Cc thng s u vo b lc sinh hc cao ti:
+Lu lng tnh ton:
Qtb = 785 (m3/h)
+ Hm lng cht l lng: Chh = 124,22 (mg/l)

+ Hm lng BOD5 : La = 196,48 (mg/l)
- Thng s u ra b lc sinh hc cao ti:
+ Hm lng BOD5 : Lt = 6 mg/l)
* Tnh ton BLSH cao ti
* Tnh ton b lc sinh hc cao ti
- Xc nh h s hot ng ko:
ko=
La 196,48
=
= 32,75 ( CT 7-43 TCXDVN 51:2008)
Lt
6
Trong :
La l BOD5 ca nc thi a vo b La =196,48 mg/l
Lt l BOD5 ca nc thi c lm sch La= 6 mg/l
- Chn ti trng thu lc qo=30 m3/m2.ng
- Vi lu lng khng kh a vo b B = 10 m3/m2 nc thi, khi chiu cao b H =
4m v nhit nc thi vo ma ng la t0 = 20 0C. Ta c h s K = 12,85 (tra theo
bng 7-23 TCXDVN 51:2008).
Do k0 > K nn phi tun hon nc thi.
Tun hon nc thi lm cho thi gian tip xc gia nc thi v vi sinh vt dnh
bm tng ln, ti trng cht hu c gim xung. Mt khc khi tun hon li nc, ti
trng thu lc tng ln, y mnh qu trnh tch mng vi sinh vt c v hnh thnh
mng mi trn b mt vt liu, lm gim hin tng tc nghn trong cc l rng ca
lp vt liu, tng lu lng trong h thng phn phi, m bo tc quay ca dn
ng.
Tnh ton lu lng tun hon
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N MN HC X L NC THI
- Hm lng BOD5 ca hn hp nc tun hon:
Lh = K.Lt = 12,85 .6 = 77,1(mg/l)
H s tun hon nc: n
La Lh 196 ,48 77 ,1
1,68
Lh Lt
77 ,1 6
Lng nc hi lu: qh qtb n 785 .1,68 1318 (m3/h)

- Hm lng cn l lng vo b lc sinh hc:
Q Cv + Qth Cr = (Q + Qth) Chh
785 124,22 +1318 30 = (875 +1318) Chh
Trong : Cv l hm lng cn l lng vo b lc sinh hc cao ti lc cha tun hon;
Cv = 124,22 mg/l.
Cr l hm lng cn l lng ra khi b lng II theo yu cu x l b lc;
Cr = 30 mg/l ( tra theo bng 7-15 TCXDVN 51;2008)
Chh l hm lng cn sau khi tun hon vo b lc.
Qth l lu lng cn tun hon
Chh 65,17 mg/l.
Tnh kch thc b:
- Din tch b Biophin:
F
Trong :
Qtb (n 1) 18840 (1,68 1)
1683 (m2)
q
30
Qtb: lu lng nc thi trung bnh ngy m, Qtb = 18840 (m3/ng.)

qo : ti trng thu lc ln nht trn b mt vt liu lc, q = 30 (m3/m3.ng.)
- Th tch tng cng ca lp vt liu lc l :

Wvll = Hb.F =4. 1683 = 6732 (m3)
Hb = 4m: chiu cao lp vt liu lc ca b lc .

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N MN HC X L NC THI
- Vt liu lc c chn l , cui, c ht c ng knh qui c ca vt liu l 40-70
mm. Chn c ht ging nhau, lp vt liu pha di c c ht ln hn v dy khong
0,2m, c ht 80mm.
- Chn xy dng 4 b lc sinh hc cao ti, b c tit din hnh trn. Khi din tch mi
b l:
Fb =
F 1683
2
421 (m )
n
4
- ng knh ca 1 b lc sinh hc cao ti l:

Db =
4 Fb
4 421
23,16 (m)
3,14
Chn D=25 m
F= 500 m.
- Chiu cao xy dng ca b lc sinh hc l :
HXD = H + h1 + h2 + h3 + h4 + h5 (m)
Trong :
+ h1: Chiu su khng gian gia sn vt liu lc v sn btng nh
hn 0,6 m; Chn h1 = 0.5 m, (iu 7.104 -TCXDVN 51:2008).

+ h2: su ca phn mng. h4 = 0,6 m.
+ h3: Thn thnh b pha trn vt liu lc ly h3 = 0,5 m.
+ h4: Chiu cao sn thu nc ly bng 0,1 m.
+ h5: Chiu cao lp vt liu sn thu nc ly bng 0,2 m.
Vy
HXD = 3 + 0,5 + 0,6 + 0,5 +0,1 + 0,2 = 4,9 (m)
Hiu sut lng cht l lng ,BOD5 , COD trong b Biofin

- Hm lng cht l lng c trong nc thi sau khi i qua b lng li tm 1 l:
C 5'
C 4' (100 ESS ) 65,17 (100 80 )
3,04 (mg/l)
100
100
- Hm lng BOD5 cn li trong b lng li tm 1 l:

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N MN HC X L NC THI
L
5'
L4 ' (100 E BOD5 )

100
77,1 (100 85 )
7,71 (mg/l)
100
Trong :
- CTC, LTC: hm lng cht l lng, BOD5 trong nc thi khi a vo x l
- Ess, EBOD: hiu sut lng cht l lng, BOD5 ca b lng li tm.
ECOD tra theo bng 2-1 Hiu sut lm sch ca cc cng on khc nhau trong XLNT theo Gio trnh Cng ngh x nc thi Trn Vn Nhn)
* Tnh ton h thng thng gi cho b lc sinh hc cao ti:
Chn phng php thng gi nhn to phc v cho qu trnh oxy ho b lc
sinh hc cao ti. Khi thng gi nhn to thnh b phi kn, dng qut gi dn khng
kh vo khong khng gian gia sn lc v sn b vi p lc 100mm ct nc ( ch
ca vo). ng dn ra khi b c kha thy lc vi chiu su 200 mm. ( iu 7.110
TCXDVN 51:2008)
- Lng khng kh cn thit cp cho b lc sinh hc cao ti:
A=
L hh
Q 77,1
18840
3
3
k1
2
5764 ( m /h) = 1,6 (m /s)
21
24
21
24
Trong : A - lng khng kh cn thit cung cp cho b lc sinh hc cao ti (m3/h)

Q - lu lng nc thi trung bnh ngy m (m3/ng.)
K1 =2-3, l h s d tr. Ly K1 = 2
* Tnh ton h thng ti phn lc:
b lc sinh hc lm vic hiu qu th nc thi phi c phn phi u trn
b mt lp vt liu lc. i vi b lc sinh hc c dng hnh trn, nc thi thng
c phn phi theo h thng phn lc.
Tnh ton :
- Lu lng tnh ton ca nc thi trn mt b:
qb =
Qtt .s 585
146,25 l/s
n
4

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- MSSV: 152255912
Trang 46
N MN HC X L NC THI
Trong : Qtt .s : l lu lng nc thi trung bnh giy (k c lu lng tun hon).
Qtt .s
18840 (1,68 1)
= 0,585 m3/s = 585 l/s
24.3600
n = 4 : s b lc sinh hc cao ti
- ng knh ca h thng ti phn lc b tr cch thnh b 100mm, nn ta c ng
knh ca ng phn lc:
Dpl = Db 200 = 25000 200 = 24800 mm
- Chn s ng ti phn lc l 4 ng nh vy lu lng trong 1 ng l:
Q
Qb 146,25
36,57 l/s
4
4
- ng knh ca mi ng c tnh theo cng thc:

Do =
4 q
4 36,57103
0,216 m =216 mm
3,14 1
Trong : v = 1 m/s l tc nc chy u ng.

q - lu lng tnh ton ca 1 b (m3/s)
- Chn Do = 250 mm, khi vn tc nc thc t ti u ng s l:
4 q
4 36,57.10-3
vtt =
= 0,745 m/s
Do2
3,14 0,252
Tho mn iu kin 0,6 m/s <vtt < 1 m/s

- S l trn trn mi nhnh ng phn phi c tnh theo cng thc
m=
80
1 1
D pl
1
80
1 1
24800
= 156 l
V tr cc l c b tr cch tm trc c tnh ton theo s th t ca l cch

trc ca h thng. S tnh ton khong cch ca mt l bt k Li cch tm trc ca
h thng ti c gii thiu s :
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Trang 47
N MN HC X L NC THI
Hnh 6: S h thng ti phn lc b lc sinh hc cao ti

- Khong cch t mi l n trc ng ng l:
Lt
D pl
2
i
24800
i
.
992 ,8. i (mm)
m
2
156
Trong : Li : khong cch ca l th i cch tm ca trc.

Dpl = 24800 (mm ): ng knh ca h thng ti phn lc.
i : s th t ca l ang tnh.
m = 156 (l): tng s l trn mi nhnh ng phn phi.

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Trang 48
N MN HC X L NC THI
Bng 7: Phn b khong cch trn H thng ti phn lc:
i
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
L (mm)
992.8
1404.03
1719.58
1985.6
2219.97
2431.85
2626.7
2808.06
2978.4
3139.51
3292.75
3439.16
3579.59
3714.72
3845.1
3971.2
4093.42
4212.09
4327.51
4439.94
4549.58
4656.64
4761.3
4863.71
4964
5062.31
5158.74
5253.4
5346.39
5437.79
5527.68
5616.12
5703.2
5788.97
5873.48
5956.8
6038.97
6120.03
6200.03
i
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
L (mm)
6279.02
6357.02
6434.08
6510.22
6585.49
6659.9
6733.5
6806.29
6878.32
6949.6
7020.16
7090.01
7159.18
7227.69
7295.56
7362.8
7429.43
7495.48
7560.94
7625.84
7690.2
7754.02
7817.32
7880.11
7942.4
8004.21
8065.55
8126.42
8186.84
8246.82
8306.36
8365.48
8424.19
8482.49
8540.39
8597.9
8655.03
8711.78
8768.17

LP : K15KMT
- MSSV: 152255912
i
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
L (mm)
8824.2
8879.87
8935.2
8990.19
9044.84
9099.16
9153.16
9206.85
9260.22
9313.29
9366.06
9418.53
9470.71
9522.6
9574.22
9625.55
9676.62
9727.41
9777.95
9828.22
9878.24
9928
9977.52
10026.79
10075.82
10124.61
10173.17
10221.5
10269.6
10317.48
10365.14
10412.57
10459.8
10506.81
10553.61
10600.2
10646.59
10692.78
10738.77
i
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
L (mm)
10784.57
10830.17
10875.58
10920.8
10965.83
11010.68
11055.35
11099.84
11144.15
11188.29
11232.25
11276.04
11319.66
11363.12
11406.4
11449.53
11492.49
11535.29
11577.94
11620.43
11662.76
11704.94
11746.97
11788.85
11830.58
11872.16
11913.6
11954.9
11996.05
12037.06
12077.93
12118.67
12159.27
12199.73
12240.06
12280.26
12320.32
12360.26
12400.07
Trang 49
N MN HC X L NC THI
- S vng quay ca h thng ti trong mt pht:
34,8 106 qo 34,8 106 36,57
32,89 33 vng/pht
a=
m dl Dt
156 10 24800
Trong :
dl - ng knh l trn ng ti d = 10 mm (Trang 266 X l nc thi
th v cng nghip Lm Minh Trit.)
qo - Lu lng ca mi ng ti, q0= 36,57 l/s
- p lc cn thit ca h thng ti:
256 106 81106 294 D pl
h q 4
2
2
D04
K 103
d1 m
2
0
Trong :
K l m un lu lng, vi Do = 250 mm tra theo bng 4 - 4 X l nc
thi th v cng nghip - Tnh ton thit k cng trnh - Lm Minh Trit) th K =
360 l /s
256 106 81106 294 24800
= 1454,33 mm = 1,46 m > 0,5 m
h 36,57 4
2
2504
3602 103
10 156
2
tha mn iu 7.110 TCXDVN 51: 2008

- H thng thu nc ca b lc:
+ Chn cch thc thu nc ca b lc l thu nc qua sn c l.
+ Sn c l t cch y b 0,5 m
+ Tng din tch cc l thu nc l :
Flthu = 8%.F1b = 8%.
.24 ,8 2
4
38,63 (m2)
+ y b lc nging v pha thu nc vi dc l 0,02.

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Trang 50
N MN HC X L NC THI
Hnh 7: Cu to b lc sinh hc cao ti

* Tnh ng ng dn nc thi vo v ra b lng lc sinh hc Cao ti
- Chn vn tc dng nc chy trong ng dn nc thi vo v ra khi b lc l vc = 1
m/s. Ta c din tch tit din ng chnh dn nc vo b lc sinh hc l :
Fc =
Qtt 0,585
2
0,585 m
v.n
1
4.Fc
- ng knh ng l : Dc =
4.0,585
= 0,86m
3,14
Chn Dc = 860 mm
- Din tch tit din ng nhnh vo mi b lc l :
Fnh =
- ng knh ng l : Dnh =
qtt 0,585
= 0,147 m2
v.n
1.4
4.Fnh
4.0,147
= 0,433m
3,14
Chn D = 450mm, Fnh = 1500mm

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Trang 51
N MN HC X L NC THI
III.7. B lng ly tm t II :
- Th tch tng cng ca b lng ly tm t II l ;
W = Qtt t = 2103,8 1.5= 3155,7 (m3)
Trong :
+ Qtt = 785.(1+1,68) = 2103,8 (m3/h): lu lng ca dng nc chy vo
b lng II (k c lu lng nc tun hon).

+ t = 1,5 h : thi gian nc lu trong b lng ly tm t II sau b lc cao ti.
- Chn 2 b lng. khi ta c th tch ca mi b l :
Wb =
W
6
3155,7
3
1577,85 (m )
2
- Din tch mt thong ca mi b l :

Fb =
H2
1577 ,85
525 ,95 (m2)
3
Chn Fb = 550
Vi : H2 = 3 (m) : chiu su vng lng ca b lng ly tm t II.
- ng knh ca mi b l:
D2 =
4 Fb
4 550
26 ,47 27 (m).
3.14
- ng knh ca vch ngn hng dng l:

Dhd= D2 x 0,15 = 0,15 x 27 =4 (m)
- ng knh tng cng ca b l:
D = Dhd + D2 = 27+ 4 = 31 (m)
- Kim tra li ti trng mng trn theo cng thc :
u=
Vi :
Q b
1051 ,9
3
12 ,41 (m /m.h) = 3,45 (l/m.s) < 10 (l/m.s)

D2 3.14 27
Qb =
Qtt 2103,8
3
1051,9 (m /h)
n
2

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Trang 52
N MN HC X L NC THI
- Lng mng vi sinh vt tch lu trong ngn cha cn vi thi gian tch lu cn l 8h
mi b l :
W2 =
G N tt 100 T
28 96986 100 8
11,35 (m3/8h)
(100 P) 1000 1000 n (100 - 96) 1000 1000 24 2
Trong :
+ G = 28g/ng.ng : khi lng mng vi sinh vt trong b lng t 2 khi dng b
lc sinh hc cao ti tnh trn u ngi. (Theo iu 7.119 TCXDVN 51:2008)
+ Ntt =553441 ngi : dn s tnh ton.
+ T = 8/24 ngy : thi gian tch lu cn.
+ P = 96% : m ca cn.
- Lng mng sinh vt tng cng thu c l :
Wmsv = 11,3155 x 2= 22,63 (m3/ 8h) = 67,89 (m3/ ng.)
- H thu cn c:
+ Ming h thu c R = 3m
+ y h thu c kch thc r = 2m
+ Chiu cao ca 1 h thu cn: Wc =
hht .(R 2 R.r r 2 ) hht = 0,571 (m)
+ Chiu cao tm chn hng dng Hhd = 1/3 Hm = 1 m

+ B lng li tm c dng hnh tr, dc y b l 0,01( khi c thit b co bn).
+ Chiu cao xy dng ca b lng ly tm l :
Hxd = H + hth + hc + hbv + hht
Trong :
(m)
H: Chiu cao cng tc ca b. H = 3 (m).

hth: Chiu cao lp trung ho. hth = 0,3 (m).
hht: Chiu cao h thu cn. hht = 0,571 (m).
hbv: Chiu cao bo v. hbv = 0,5 (m).
hc: Chiu cao vng cha nn cn.

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Trang 53
N MN HC X L NC THI
hc =
Dd
27 4
tg
tg1 0,2 (m)
2
2
Vi d: ng knh y b. d = 15% . D = 15% . 27 = 4 (m).

: Gc to dc. = 1
Vy
Hxd = 3 + 0,3 + 0,57+ 0,2 + 0,5 = 4,57
(m)
* Tnh ng ng dn nc thi vo v ra b lng b ly tm II

- Chn vn tc dng nc chy trong ng dn nc thi vo v ra khi b ly tm II l vc
= 1 m/s. Ta c din tch tit din 2 ng chnh dn nc t b lng lc sinh hc sang l :
Fc =
Qtt 0,585
2
0,293 m
v.n
1.2
4.Fc
- ng knh ng l : Dc =
4.0,293
= 0,62 m
3,14
Chn Dc = 620mm
- Din tch tit din ng nhnh vo mi b ly tm II l :
Fnh =
- ng knh ng l : Dnh =
qb 1,86
= 0,31 m2
v.n 1.6
4.Fc
4.0,31
= 0,628 m
3,14
Chn D = 650mm
* ng ng dn bn ra b lng ly tm II:
Vn tc bn chy trong ng trong iu kin c bm l 1 2m/s, chn v = 1,5 m/s
- ng knh ng chnh dn bn vo b mtan l :
Dc =
4.Q can
.v
4.110,7.10 3
=0,307m
3,14.1,5
Chn Dc = 350 mm
- ng knh ng dn bn t mi b l :
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Trang 54
N MN HC X L NC THI
Dnh =
4.Q
can
b
.v
4.18,45.103
= 0,125m m
3,14.1,5
Chn Dnh = 200mm

Nh vy vic x lng bn cn ca b c thc hin vi p lc thu tnh, ng
knh ng bm bn l 200mm.
Mng vi sinh vt sau khi c lng ng b lng II s c dn n cng trnh
x l cn ( B m tan ) cng cn ti t b lng ly tm t I.
III.8. B mtan
B mtan l b x l sinh hc k kh cc loi cn pht sinh trong trm x l nc
thi. Cc ngun cn trong trm bao gm 3 ngun cn :
+ Cn ti t b lng li tm t 1
+ Mng vi sinh vt t b lc sinh hc cao ti lng c trong b lng 2.
+ Rc thu song chn rc nghin nh
* Xc nh lng cn a n b mtan :
- Lng cn ti t b lng ly tm t I a n b mtan l :
(m3/ng)
Wcn 1 = 460,08
- Mng sinh vt a t b lng ng t II sang b mtan l :

Wmsv = 110,7 (m3/ng)
- Lng rc nghin:
WR W
100 P1
100 80
12 ,13 .
40 ,43 (m3/ng)
100 P2
100 94
- Lng cn tng cng a n b mtan l :

W = Wcn I + Wmsv +WR = 460,08 +110,7 + 40,43= 611,21 (m3/ng)
- m trung bnh ca hn hp cn l :
Phh = 100 (1
Cc C msv C R
) 100 (1

LP : K15KMT
- MSSV: 152255912
23 4.43 2,43
) 95 .1%
611,21
Trang 55
N MN HC X L NC THI
Vi: Cc: lng cht kh ca cn ti b lng I trong ngy m, P = 95%
Cc =
canI
(100 P) 460,08 (100 95)
23 (m3/ng)
100
100
Cmsv: lng cht kh ca mng vi sinh vt. P = 96%

Cmsv =
msv
(100 P) 110,7 (100 96)
4.43 (m3/ng)
100
100
CR : lng cht kh ca rc. P = 94%

Cmsv =
(100 P) 40,43 (100 94)
2,43 (m3/ng)
100
100
- Khi lng cn kh trong b mtan:

mc =
W (100 Phh ) 611,21 (100 95.1)
29,95 (m3/ng)
100
100
* Tnh ton kch thc b mtan

Ta c m ca hn hp cn Phh = 95.1 %. chn ch ln men m vi nhit
l t = 33oC.
- Dung tch b mtan c tnh theo cng thc:
Wm =
Trong :
W 100
D
611,21 100
3
6716,6 (m )
9.1
+ W = 611,21 (m3/ng) : lng cn tng cng dn n b mtan

+ D = 9.1% : liu lng cn ngy m dn n b mtan. ph thuc vo
ch ln men m v m ca cn ( Bng 7.23, TCXDVN 51:2008)

- Chn xy dng 6 b mtan. khi ta c dung tch ca mi b l:
W
W
n
6716,6
3
1679,15 (m )
4
- Kch thc c bn ca b mtan ph thuc vo dung tch ca b.

Vi dung tch b Wb = 1679,15 ta c th tham kho theo kch thc thit k mu
(Theo bng 3-15 -XLNT th v cng nghip-Lm Minh Trit)
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Trang 56
N MN HC X L NC THI
D = 17,5 (m)
h1 = 2,35 (m)
H = 7,5 (m)
h2 = 2,6 (m)
*Tnh lng kh thot ra t b mtan

- Trong qu trnh x l sinh hc k kh b mtan c sn sinh ra mt lng kh
t ch yu l kh CH4 v mt t CO2. Lng kh t thu c tnh cho 1kg cn c
tnh theo cng thc:
y=
a n D
100
Trong : + n: H s ph thuc vo m ca cn v ch ln men (ly theo bng 733 TCXDVN 51:2008)

Trong trng hp ang xt vi m ca hn hp cn bn l Phh= 95.1% v chn
ch ln men m, do n= 0,704
+ a: Kh nng ln men ti a ca cc cht hu c trong cn a vo b, n
ph thuc thnh phn ha hc ca cn.
a 0,92 m 0,62 C 0,34 A 100
Trong : m,C,A: Ln lt l hm lng cht bo, hyro cacbon, prtin c trong hn

hp cn bn;
53: Gi tr thc nghim ng vi cn ti .
44: Gi tr thc nghim ng vi bn hot tnh.
Hay: a
53 .(C 0 R0 ) 44 .M 0
.
C 0 M 0 R0
- Lng cht khng tro trong cn ti (Co):

C0 = Cc
100 Ac 100 Tc
100 5 100 25
= 23
= 16,39 m3/ng
100
100
100
100
Trong : Cc: Lng cht kh trong cn ti, Cc = 23 m3/ng;

Ac: m ho nc ca cn ti, Ac = 5%.
Tc: T l tro trong cn ti, Tc = 25%.
- Lng cht khng tro trong mng sinh vt:
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Trang 57
N MN HC X L NC THI
M0= Cvsv
Trong :
100 4 100 27
100 A b 100 Tb
= 4,43
= 3,1 m3/ng;
100
100
100
100
CVSV: Lng cht kh trong mng sinh vt, Cvsv = 4,43 m3/ng;
Ab: m ho nc ca mng sinh vt, Ab = 4%;
Tb: T l tro trong mng sinh vt, Tb = 27%.
- Lng cht khng tro trong rc:

R0 = CR
100 4 100 24
100 Ab 100 Tb
= 2,43
= 1,77 m3/ng;
100
100
100
100
Trong : CVSV: Lng cht kh trong mng sinh vt, Cvsv = 2,43 m3/ng;
Ab: m ho nc ca mng sinh vt, Ab = 4%;
Tb: T l tro trong mng sinh vt, Tb = 24%.
a
53 .(16 ,39 1,77 ) 44 .3,1

51,69 .
16 ,39 1,77 3,1
Vy, lng kh t thu c:

y
51,69 0,704.9,1
3
0,453 (m /kg).
100
Lng kh t tng cng c xc nh theo cng thc:

K = y. (Co + Mo +Ro ).1000
= 0,453. (16,39 + 1,77 + 3,1).1000 = 9630,78 (m3/ng).
Trong trm x l, kh t c s dng lm nhin liu cho ni hi phc v
cho vic hm nng cn, chy mt s ng c v phc v nhu cu sinh hot.
III.9. Sn phi bn
- Cn sau khi ln men b Mtan c dn n sn phi bn lm ro nc
trong cn. Nhim v ca sn phi bn l lm gim m ca bn xung cn 75 - 80%.
Sn phi bn lm kh nc nhm mc ch gim chi ph vn chuyn.
- Lng cn dn n sn phi bn t b mtan. Sau khi qua b mtan hm lng
cn kh gim i 50% v m t P = 95%. Do :
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Trang 58
N MN HC X L NC THI
(100 Phh )
2 (100 P)
611,21 (100 95 .1)

299 ,5 (m3/ng)
2 (100 95 )
- Tng lng bn chuyn n sn phi bn trong 30 ngy: 30 299,5 = 8985 (m3)

Chn chiu cao lp bn trn sn phi bn l: 0.5 (m)
- Din tch hu ch ca sn phi bn l :
Fsp =
8985
2
17970 (m )
0.5
- Sn phi bn chia lm 10 . kch thc mi l 35 (m) 40 (m)

- Lng bn phi t m 95% n m 80% trong 30 ngy s l:
Wb = W1 30
100 P1
100 95
= 299,5 30
= 2246,25
100 P2
100 80
(m3)
- Lng nc tch ra t sn phi bn:

Qb = W1
P1 P2
95,1 80
299 ,5
224 ,61 (m3/ng)
100 P2
100 80
Trong : P1 - m trung bnh ca cn sau khi ln men b mtan. P1 = 95,1%.

P2 - m sau khi phi. P2 = 80%
Chu k x bn vo sn phi bn dao ng t 20 30 ngy ty thuc nhiu yu t:
tnh cht ca bn dn vo sn phi bn, kh nng thm ca t v ma nng ma trong
nm. S b chn 30 ngy. Nc t sn phi bn c thu gom bi h thng ng c
c l t dc theo chiu di sn phi, ng thu nc t gia ngn bn. Cc ng ny
dn nc v h thu gom v c bm tr li sau b lng I. Bn x vo sn phi nh
h thng ng dn bn t trn thnh sn phi bn.
III.10.Cng trnh x nc ra sng tip nhn:
Nc thi sau khi qua b ly tm 2 c dn ra sng theo mng dn h vi L
= 200m. Mng ny kt thc h ga gn b sng v t x trc tip vo lng sng.

LP : K15KMT
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Trang 59
N MN HC X L NC THI
Hnh 8: S cng trnh x nc thi sau x l ra sng

Bng 8: Tnh ton ng ng x nc thi ra gia lng sng.
on Qmax.s
ng (m3/s)
(m)
(mm)
A-B
1,025
20
B-C
1,025
25
Tn tht
Tn tht cc b
(m)
Tn tht
tng
cng (m)
(m/s) (mm/m)
H=i.L
(m)
v2
2g
800
2,04
5,96
1,192
1,192
800
2,04
5,96
1,49
13
2,75
4,274
H s sc khng li vo hng x v = 0,5

H s sc khng li ch ra khi hng x r = 2,0
H s sc khng li phn dng p = 0,75
H s sc khng li ca 1 hng x = 3,25
Chn 4 hng x
= 4 . 3,25 = 13
Khong cch cc tm ca hng x ly bng 2,5 m

LP : K15KMT
- MSSV: 152255912
Trang 60
N MN HC X L NC THI

LP : K15KMT
- MSSV: 152255912
Trang 61

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N MN HC X L NC THI

NHIM V THIT K N MN HC ............................................................................ 2

CNG TRNH X L S B ........................................................................... 5

I. XC NH LU LNG TNH TON CA NC THI : .................................................... 5

TNH TON NGUN THI ........................................................................ 15

CHNG III: TNH TON V THIT K CC CNG TRNH N V ........................ 27

SVTH: NGUYN TH THANH HNG

Nguyn Th Thanh Hng

Gio vin hng dn:

ThS. Nguyn Th Hng Tnh

Ngy giao nhim v thit k:

Thi gian hot ng, gi /ng

SVTH: NGUYN TH THANH HNG

Vn tc dng chy trung bnh, m/s

B. YU CU NI DUNG THC HIN

ThS. Nguyn Th Hng Tnh

SVTH: NGUYN TH THANH HNG

SVTH: NGUYN TH THANH HNG

Trc khi x l nc thi ca c khu th th phi x l s b nc thi cng

Hm lng cc cht l lng trong nc thi: 100 mg/l

Hm lng BOD5 trong nc thi: 50 mg/l

I. XC NH LU LNG TNH TON CA NC THI :

Lu lng nc thi chung ca c 2 nh my:

QtbCN.ng Qtb1 .ng Qtb2 .ng = 800+ 3800 = 4600 (m /ng)

- Lu lng trung bnh gi ca nc thi cng nghip :

- Lu lng trung bnh giy ca nc thi cng nghip:

QtbCN.h 1000 287 ,5 1000

79,86 (l/s)= 0,07986 (m3/s)

II.XC INH NNG BN CA NC THI:

Qtb1 .ng .C1 Qtb2 .ng .C2

- Hm lng BOD5 c trong nc thi cng nghip:

Qtb1 .ng .L1 Qtb2 .ng .L2

- Hm lng COD c trong nc thi cng nghip:

Qtb.ng .COD1 Qtb2 .ng .COD2

SVTH: NGUYN TH THANH HNG

Qtb1 .ng .D1 Qtb2 .ng .D2

- Tng lng Nito

- Tng lng Photpho

Qtb1 .ng .P1 Qtb2 .ng .P2

- Tng lng Colifom

Qtb1 .ng .CL1 Qtb2 .ng .Cl 2

SVTH: NGUYN TH THANH HNG

III. TNH TON CNG TRNH X L S B:

Ngn tip nhn

A 1.3 S a ( f P 1) 1.3 16 .4 (0.5 P 1)

Chn chiu cao ct p H = 2m

Chn b tuyn ni hnh ch nht

Chiu cao xy dng

Chiu di vng phn phi nc vo: lvo=0,8m

5,1 m (tha mn >3)

Th tch vng tuyn ni 1 b

SS ' (100 90)% 522 10% 52,2 mg/l

BOD5 ' (100 36)% 1641 64% 1050,24 mg/l

COD(100 50)% 1894 50% 947 mg/l

dm (100 85)% 55,27 15% 8,3 mg/l

2. Tnh ton b UASB:

Bn nui cy ban u ly t bn ca b phn hy k kh t qu trnh x l

nc thi sinh hot b vi hm lng 30KgSS/m3.

T l MLVS/MLSS ca bn trong b UASB = 0,75

Ti trng b mt phn lng L A 12 m3 / m2 ngay

ti trng th tch L 0 =3 KgCOD/m 3 .ngy, hiu qu kh COD t 65% v

Lng bn phn hy k kh cho vo ban u c TS=5%

Y = 0,04gVSS/gCOD, k d = 0,025ngay 1 , =60 ngy