152 lnh tt c bn trong Auto Cad

1. 3A - 3DARRAY Sao chp thnh dy trong 3D

2. 3DO -3DORBIT Xoay i tng trong khng gian 3D
3. 3F - 3DFACE To mt 3D
4. 3P - 3DPOLY V ng PLine khng gian 3 chiu

A
5. A - ARC V cung trn
7. AA - AREA Tnh din tch v chu vi 1
8. AL - ALIGN Di chuyn, xoay, scale
10. AR - ARRAY Sao chp i tng thnh dy trong 2D
11. ATT - ATTDEF nh ngha thuc tnh
13. ATE - ATTEDIT Hiu chnh thuc tnh ca Block

B
14. B - BLOCK To Block
15. BO - BOUNDARY To a tuyn kn
16. BR - BREAK Xn 1 phn on thng gia 2 im chn

C
17. C - CIRCLE V ng trn
18. CH - PROPERTIES Hiu chnh tnh cht ca i tng
20. CHA - ChaMFER Vt mp cc cnh
22. CO, CP - COPY Sao chp i tng

D
23. D - DIMSTYLE To kiu kch thc
24. DAL - DIMALIGNED Ghi kch thc xin
25. DAN - DIMANGULAR Ghi kch thc gc
26. DBA - DIMBASELINE Ghi kch thc song song
28. DCO - DIMCONTINUE Ghi kch thc ni tip
29. DDI - DIMDIAMETER Ghi kch thc ng knh
30. DED - DIMEDIT Chnh sa kch thc
31. DI - DIST o khong cch v gc gia 2 im
32. DIV - DIVIDE Chia i tng thnh cc phn bng nhau

33. DLI - DIMLINEAR Ghi kch thc thng ng hay nm ngang

34. DO - DONUT V hnh vnh khn
35. DOR - DIMORDINATE Ta im
38. DRA - DIMRADIU Ghi kch thc bn knh
40. DT - DTEXT Ghi vn bn

E
42. E - ERASE Xo i tng
43. ED - DDEDIT Hiu chnh kch thc
44. EL - ELLIPSE V elip
45. EX - EXTEND Ko di i tng
46. EXIT - QUIT Thot khi chng trnh
48. EXT - EXTRUDE To khi t hnh 2D

F
49. F - FILLET To gc ln/ Bo trn gc
50. FI - FILTER Chn lc i tng theo thuc tnh

H
54. H - BHATCH V mt ct
55. H - HATCH V mt ct
56. HE - HATCHEDIT Hiu chnh mat cat
57. HI - HIDE To li m hnh 3D vi cc ng b khut

I
58. I - INSERT Chn khi
59. I -INSERT Chnh sa khi c chn
66. IN - INTERSECT To ra phn giao ca 2 i tng

L
69. L- LINE V ng thng
70. LA - LAYER To lp v cc thuc tnh
71. LA - LAYER Hiu chnh thuc tnh ca layer
72. LE - LEADER To ng dn ch thch
73. LEN - LENGTHEN Ko di/ thu ngn i tng vi chiu di cho trc
75. LW - LWEIGHT Khai bo hay thay i chiu dy nt v
76. LO LAYOUT Tao layout

77. LT - LINETYPE Hin th hp thoi to v xc lp cc kiu ng

78. LTS - LTSCALE Xc lp t l ng nt

M
79. M - MOVE Di chuyn i tng c chn
80. MA - MATCHPROP Sao chp cc thuc tnh t 1 i tng ny sang 1
hay nhiu i t-ng khc
82. MI - MIRROR Ly i xng quanh 1 trc
83. ML - MLINE To ra cc ng song song
84. MO - PROPERTIES Hiu chnh cc thuc tnh
85. MS - MSPACE Chuyn t khng gian giy sang khng gian m hnh
86. MT - MTEXT To ra 1 on vn bn
87. MV - MVIEW To ra ca s ng

O
88. O - OFFSET Sao chp song song

P
91. P - PAN Di chuyn c bn v
92. P - PAN Di chuyn c bn v t im 1 sang im th 2
94. PE - PEDIT Chnh sa cc a tuyn
95. PL - PLINE V a tuyn
96. PO - POINT V im
97. POL - POLYGON V a gic u khp kn
101. PS - PSPACE Chuyn t khng gian m hnh sang khng gian giy

R
103. R - REDRAW Lm ti li mn hnh
107. REC - RECTANGLE V hnh ch nht
108. REG- REGION To min
110. REV - REVOLVE To khi 3D trn xoay
112. RO - ROTATE Xoay cc i tng c chn xung quanh 1 im
114. RR - RENDER Hin th vt liu, cy cnh, n,i tng

S
115. S - StrETCH Ko di/ thu ngn/ tp hp i tng
116. SC - SCALE Phng to, thu nh theo t l

120. SHA - SHADE T bong i tng 3D

121. SL - SLICE Ct khi 3D
123. SO - SOLID To ra cc a tuyn c th c t y
125. SPL - SPLINE V ng cong bt k
126. SPE - SPLINEDIT Hiu chnh spline
127. ST - STYLE To cc kiu ghi vn bn
128. SU - SUBTRACT Php tr khi

T
129. T - MTEXT To ra 1 on vn bn
131. TH - THICKNESS To dy cho i tng
135. TOR - TORUS V Xuyn
136. TR - TRIM Ct xn i tng

U
139. UN - UNITS nh n v bn v
140. UNI - UNION Php cng khi

V
142. VP - DDVPOINT Xc lp hng xem 3 chiu

W
145. WE - WEDGE V hnh nm/chm

X
146. X- EXPLODE Phn r i tng
151. XR - XREF Tham chiu ngoi vo cc File bn v

Z
152. Z - ZOOM Phng to-Thu nh
to ra phm tt cho 1 lnh no ta thc hin nh sau:
Vo menu Tool - chn Customize - Edit program parameters (ti y s thy
danh sch lnh tt)
Vd : Lnh COPY : lnh tt l CO/CP by gi mun i ch khc : OC/PC
chng hn (lu l khng c trng vi cc lnh c)- th tm dng lnh
COPY trong danh sch - xa CO/CP - thay bng OP/PC - sau Save -
dng lnh Command: g lnh REINIT - CHN pgp FILE - OK
Lc ny g OC/PC l lnh copy.

Ly li c ca s dng lnh command trong ACAD:

- CTRL + 9
Chuyn i ca s gia cc file cad ang c bt ln, gip cho vic chuyn i
qua li gia cc file m c th bn mun tham kho:
- Dng phm Ctrl+Tab
Hy chn i tng khi nh du chn nhm:
Khi chn mt i tng m ta mun hy chn i tng thi m cc i tng
khc vn c chn khng phi chn li t u: (rt c ch khi la chn i tng
m khng mt cng chn li t u)
-Ch li vo i tng v ng thi gi phm Shift
Khi mun i tng khc cng c gn thuc tnh nh mt i tng khc: rt c
ch khi chnh sa i tng trong bn v.
Dng lnh Matchdrop : lnh tt ma hoc mj
Khi mun chn li i tng m trc ta di chuyn :
Sau khi di chuyn mt i tng n v tr mi, m i tng khng phi l
mt block th vic mun chn li i tng di chuyn n v tr mi ngay sau
l iu m lm chng ta mt cng nu chn th cng tng i tng, rt may l
trong trng hp chng ta c th tin hnh chn nh sau: ta li nh lnh move
tip v khi select object th ta nh thng s p lp tc i tng va c di
chuyn trc s c chn li ngay lp tc.
Khi mun lm ti li bn v bng lnh Regen:
dng cp nht cc thit lp v ng nt hoc hin th, chng hn khi ta t
display resolution l 2000 thay cho 100 trc , ng trn v cc nt cong s
mt m hn nhng nhn trn bn v m ta vn thy khng c thay i g th ta
dng lnh Regen, sau lnh ny ta s thy nhng thay i hin r rng.
a ng dng vit bi cc file lp trnh cho cad vo CAD:

nh lnh : ap
Chn file load , cc file l lsp, dvb, arx, vlx, dbx, fas
Ch : ring vi file : m file lsp thy trong dng lnh no c ch defun c: th ch
sau defun c: chnh l lnh tt s dng ca ng dng.
Cch 2: Tools\Auto Lisp\ load applications Sau tm n file auto lisp load
sau y l cch load lisp vo s dng (t dng k hiu (-) thay cho vic bn g
phm enter 1 ln)
bn g AP (-), n s hin ln 1 ci bng, tm ng dn ti 2 file lisp trn, tick
vo load l c th s dng c ri
ko phi load li lisp mi ln khi ng cad th tick vo contents (c icon l hnh
ci cp), n s x ra 1 ci bng, tick vo add ri tm ng dn ti cc file lisp l
ok
Chnh sa lnh tt trong autocad trc tip t file acad.pgp:
Tool\customize\ editprogram parameter (acad.pgp), vo y tin hnh chnh cc
lnh tt hp vi thi quen s dng ca mnh v thun tin hn khi v.
ok th chng trnh s c tc dng ngay m khng cn phi khi ng li na.Sau
khi thay sa i lnh trong file acad.pgp th ti dng lnh command ta phi nh
reinit v chn pgp file
command alias editor, vo y tin hnh chnh sa lnh, ta c th add vo cng
c m khng thay i lnh tt gc ca n.toolsC th dng cch chnh sa
khc: express
Cach cai dat mot menu lenh tren thanh menubar:
Vdu: HUONG DAN CAI DAT "FASTCAD"
1. Chep toan bo thu muc "FASTCAD" vao dia cung cua may (O dau? Tuy y.)
- Mo file FASTCAD\hamtutao.lsp, chep toan bo noi dung. (ctr+A, ctr+C)
- Mo file SUPPORT\acad*doc.lsp. Chuyen con tro xuong gan cuoi file, phai o tren
dong co noi dung:

"(princ) "
- Chep noi dung file "hamtutao.lsp" vao vi tri nay. (ctr+V)
Chu y : Noi dung vua chep vao phai o tren dong "(princ) "
- Luu file SUPPORT\acad*doc.lsp lai. Dong tat ca cac file lai.
2. Chay chuong trinh ACAD.
3. Chon muc : TOOLS\OPTIONS\FILES\SUPPORT FILE SEARCH PATH.
- Chon nut "ADD"- Chon nut "BROWSE"- Sau do chi dan den thu muc
"FASTCAD".
- Chon nut "OK", "APPLY"
4. Tai dong lenh COMMAND go : "menuload"
- Chon file "fastcad.mnu". Nhan nut "OPEN" - Tiep theo chon nut "LOAD", "OK".
Bn mun v nhiu t l trong mt bn v :
-Bn mun v nhiu t l trong mt bn v th c th to nhiu kiu t l trong cad,
g D ri enter, khung Dimension style manager hin ra, bn click vo ch New,
sau thit lp cc thng s, lm tng t nh th to kiu kch thc c t l
khc, khi mun dng ci no th click chn ci ri click vo Current -> Close...
Bn to mt kiu style kch thc ring cho n, modify v chnh li s liu ti
scale factor ,v d bn scale t l 1/5 (0,2) ,th ban phi in vo scale factor l 5
thay v 1 nh mc nh
Lu khi nh ngha kiu kch thc (Dimstyle) cho bn v:
-Dng lnh command: d
-Trc ht nh ngha kiu kch thc t l 1:1 trc, chng hn c th thit lp
l scale factor l 1.00 ( ngha rng mt kch thc trn bn v bng 1 kch thc
thc t).
-Khi chn thit lp dmstyle cho cc bn v c t l 1:2 th h s scale factor s
l 2 ( ngha rng mt kch thc trn bn v bng 0,5 kch thc thc t, do
khi v l 1 nhng mun kch thc hin th ng vi kch thc vt tht th trn
bn v con s ghi phi l kch thc trn bn v nhn vi 2, v vy t h s
nhn l 2). Bn v t l 1/10 s c dimstyle vi h s scale factor l 10. Nu c cn
c vo ngha nh vy th ta d dng thit lp c thng s scale factor cho cc
bn v tng t nh vy vi cc dimstyle ca cc bn v c t l khc.

V d: T l 1:1 scale factor l 1.0, c ch l 2.5

T l 1:2 scale factor l 2, c ch l 2.5
T l 1:10 scale factor l 10, c ch l 2.5
T l 1:20 scale factor l 20, c ch l 2.5
T l 1:50 scale factor l 50, c ch l 2.5
T l 1:100 scale factor l 100, c ch l 2.5
T l 1:400 scale factor l 400, c ch l 2.5
C th t t l theo cch nh ngha khc:
V d: T l 1:1 scale factor l 100, c ch l 250
T l 1:2 scale factor l 50, c ch l 250
T l 1:10 scale factor l 0.10, c ch l 2.5
T l 1:20 scale factor l 0.20, c ch l 2.5
T l 1:50 scale factor l 0.50, c ch l 2.5
T l 1:100 scale factor l 100, c ch l 2.5
T l 1:400 scale factor l 400, c ch l 2.5
Ghi mt ng kch thc lin tc vi cc ng kch thc khc:
Dng lnh : Dimcontinue (dco)
Chn mt ng kch thc c sn m bn nh ni tip vo , nh vy bn phi
c t nht mt ng kch thc sn c.
LACHN V CHNH SA NHIU I TNG CNG LC
Lnh Quick Select:
a. Cng dng: Tm nhanh v la chn nhng i tng m bn mun (Lnh ny rt
nhiu cng dng kh lit k ht c, ni chung anh em th ci s bit ngay...
Theo c nhn BKMetalx m ni th y l mt lnh cc k hay y).
b. Command : Trn toolbar => Tools => Quick Select (hoc nhn Alt => T => K)
> xut hin hp thoi Quick Select nh sau:
=> Cng nh lnh Find trc tin l "la chn vng i tng" m ta cn tm,
bng cch bm vo "phm vung nh" bn phi > la chn vng min cn tm i
tng > nhn chut phi quay li hp thot Quick Select

=> Tip n, ti Object type ta chn kiu i tng m cn tm ( y mnh chn

i tng l Multiple; cc bn cng c th tm vi Mtext ; Line ....
=> Ti Properties bn chn mt trong nhng la chn a ra (v d: chn mu
i tng cn tm, chn layer cn tm, chn chiu dy...v..v)
Mnh chn Color > chn tt c cc i tng c Color (mu sc) m mnh mun
chn...
=> Gi nguyn la chn =Equals
=> Ti Value > bn c th chn mu sc cho i tng cn tm
=> Bm OK vy l ta chn nhanh cc i tng m mnh mun(cc gi tr khc
gi nguyn, cc bn c th tm hiu thm nhng ci )
=> sau khi la chn tt c cc i tng c mu sc nh vy bn s lm g?...
Bm CTRL + 1 => vo Properties => tha h chnh sa i tng theo bn
nh....
* Mt s cng dng ca Quick Select:
Bn c th dung Quick Select thay i mt layer m bn mun trong mun vn
layer trong bn v => rt nhanh phi khng?
Bn c th i tt c mu sc mt i tng trong rt nhiu mu sc => rt tin
phi khng?
Bn c th tm tt c cc Mtext c cao Heigh = 100 i thnh 200 => rt th
v phi khng?
Lnh Filter.
y l mt lnh rt hay, n b tr rt nhiu cho chng ta trong qu trnh chnh sa
bn v. N gip chng ta lc cc i tng cn chn mt cch nhanh nht.
Mnh gi km theo mt file Cad hng dn d hn.
ng dng: y l mt lnh dng b tr cho cc lnh khc. V d bn mun xa tt
c cc ng kch thc chng hn, quy trnh lm nh sau:
Command: G E <Enter>
Select Objects: G fi <Ch c du nhy trc ch fi> <Enter>
Trn mn hnh hin th mn hnh Objects selection
Trong mc Select filter bn n vo nt tam gic v chn Layer (V tt c nt kch

thc c v bng lp Kich thuoc).

Sau khi chn layer bn nhn tri chut vo nt Select, hin th ln tn tt c cc lp
c khai bo trong bn v. Bn ko con tr xung v n tri chut vo Kich
thuoc, ri nhn Ok.
Quay lai ca s Objects selection, bn n tri chut vo nt Add to list, s thy
dng Layer = Kich thc pha trn (Kt thc vic chn i tng lc).
Tip theo n qu trnh lc i tng: Bn n tri chut vo nt Apply gc di
bn phi n hin ra mt vung cn di dng lnh hin th cu nhc >>Select
Objects = Chn i tng Cc bn cn chn vng lc i tng. Nh hnh di
vng chn chnh l hnh ch nht mu trng. Khi tt c i tng c c v
bng lp Kich thuoc s c chn.
Di dng lnh vn hin th Select Objects: Bn n Enter 2 ln lin tip thc hin
lnh xa tt c cc i tng lp Kich thuoc.
Kt qu:
In n khng b m
Khi in c th cc nt v do thit lp lineweight nh m khi in c th m, do vy
tin hnh in ra khng b m chng ta phi t li lineweight khi in n, vo lnh
plot, chn my in,
Khung bn v n mp giy khi in
Vn : Lm sao plot bn v ra ng nh ci khung mnh to nh.ai bt ch gim
vi.nu cc khong offset t mp giy n khung khng ng th va xu m bn
v li khng ng t l na.?
- Khi vo lnh in, chn Properties ca my in --> Device and Documents Setting -> User-defined Paper Sizes & Calibration --> Modify Standard Paper Sizes
(Printable Area) --> chn kh giy v bm Modify hiu chnh khong cch canh
l ph hp. Cn in b lch c l bn qun nh du chn Center the plot khi in

- Li l do khi in bn plot to scale trng thi fix to paper. Nu bn mun

khung tn ca bn cch ng nh bn mun bn phi xc inh ng t l bn v
bn cn in v in vo trng thi custom. v d bn mun in kh giy A3 vi t l
1/1000 , trc ht bn v khung 297x420 . Sau bn v khung tn cch l theo
bn trong khung va v . (v d mp tri khung cch giy 20mm th bn
ng khung tri cch mp tri khung A3 ng 20 unit) .
bn phi chn Center the plot
sau trong plot to scale bn chn custome v nh t l 1mm = 1 unit .
khung tn va ng tiu chun:
Vn : Khi hon thin bn v chng ta phi t khung tn cho chng. Lm sao
khung tn va ng tiu chun, t l theo cc kh giy khc nhau. Mi ngi hy
chia s cch t khung tn i.
Cch s dng:
+copy ci file tvcn.dwg vo Support
+load lisp
+lnh l bv
ch l s th t bn v n nhy y
khi mun sa cc ci khc thuc khung tn, bn dng lnh BE, chn khung tn
<A href="[Only registered and activated users can see links]" target=_blank>Bn
Vui Lng ng Nhp Hoc ng K Xem Link ([Only registered and activated
users can see links])
VI CI LISP N GIN NY, BN C TH TO RA 1 CI # PH
HP VI KHUNG TN CA BN
+DNG LNH ATT CHO CC BIN TRONG KHUNG TN
+KHAI TRIN CI LISP CA MINH
chc bn thnh cng!!!
Phi ni thm rng, vi cch ca ti, sau khi v rt nhiu bn v, bn c th lm 1
mc lc bn v(s tth t v tn) ch trong 10'
V cc ng song song nhanh:
Dng lnh Mline (ml)
- Khong cch gia cc ng , chn ty chn Scale , nhp vo khong cch ca

cc ng ta mun v.
nh s th t bng lnh Tcount, ca Express Tools
Nhiu khi chng ta cn phi sa tng text mt in cc s theo th t tng dn.
Chng hn phi in chui D1, D2, D3, D4,...D1000 theo th t tng dn ca trc
Y. nu sa bng tay th rt lu. Lnh Tcount ca Express Tool cho php chng ta
lm iu ny.
Command: tcount
Chng trnh s cho bn chn i tng
Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 5 found
Select objects:
Chng trnh hi bn sp xp cc i tng theo chiu tng trc x, trc y hay theo
th t lc bn chn cc i tng
Sort selected objects by [X/Y/Select-order] <Y>:
Chng trnh hi bn s u tin m bn nh, s gia m bn cho vo. V d 2,-1
s nh cc s: 2, 1, 0, -1, -2, ...
Specify starting number and increment (Start,increment) <2,-1>:
Chng trnh hi bn cch nh s vo text: Overwrite - ghi lun vo text,
Prefix - vit thm vo pha trc, Suffix - vit thm vo pha sau, Find&replace Thay nhng cm t c ch nh bng cc text s ny.
Placement of numbers in text [Overwrite/Prefix/Suffix/Find&replace..] <
Find&replace>:
Nu bn chn Find&replace, my hi thm c t m bn mun ch nh.
Enter search string <kts>:
V cui cng chng trnh thng bo c bao nhiu i tng text c sa
5 objects modified.
Mt s cch chn i tng trong CAD

1. Chn i tng bng pick chut

2. Chn i tng nm trong ca s chn bng cch pick chut t tri qua phi
mn hnh (windows) hoc dng tham s W
3. Chn i tng nm trong v trng vi ca s chn bng cch pick chut t
phi qua tri mn hnh (crossing) hoc dng tham s C
4. Chn tt c cc i tng: dng Ctrl+A
5. Chn i tng theo ng zigzag tu : dng tham s F
6. Chn i tng nm trong ca s a gic tu : dng tham s WP
7. Chn i tng nm trng v trong ca s a gic tu : dng tham s CP
8. Chn i tng c v cui cng: dng tham s L
9. Chn i tng chn trc: dng tham s P
10. Gi Ctrl bt i tng (Object Cycling)
Trong lc v nhiu khi c nhng i tng ln nhau. Bn c th chn ln lt
chng bng cch gi Ctrl ri pick chut vo ch c nhiu i tng ln nhau.
lc CAD s bt ch Cycle on. Khi bn c th b Ctrl ri pick chut
bt k ch no trn mn hnh. Cc i tng ln lt s c chn. Khi chn c
i tng cn chn bn phi chut hoc enter kt thc lnh.
11. Chn thm v b chn i tng: Dng Shift l thun tin nht, hoc dng
tham s A add thm i tng, tham s R b bt i tng chn
12. Chn i tng bng Quick Select: Tool>Quick Select
13. Chn i tng theo bng Filter (lc i tng) tham s Fi.
12 v 13 dng nhng c im nhn dng chung chn i tng. Nu dng
quen s thy rt hu ch
Cch chn i tng bng lnh FI ( Filter )
V d trong 1 bn v c rt nhiu loi i tng
nh lnh FI.
Trong khung Selection Filter. Chn Circle/ And to List / Apply
Quay li ca s chnh ca CAD, ta chn tt c cc i tng trong bn v/
Ok. Gi th FI lc ra ch selec cc CIRCLE trn bn v thi !
Ging lnh filter, nhng c bit hn: Bn cn phi nht ra trong bn v nhng i
tng text c cha mt cm t nht nh, lm th no?
Hy dng lnh find c bn ca AutoCAD, cch dng:
- Gi lnh find ti dng lnh.
- Ti bng lnh, g dng ch cn tm ti phn text find string.
- Ti phn search in, click vo phm c biu tng hnh vung v con tr chut

chn cc i tng.
- Cad s quay tr li mn hnh chnh bn chn i tng. y bn g All
chn tt c cc i tng trong bn v. G xong th g enter.
- Tr li bng lnh Find and Replace, bn s thy phm Select All c t mu en
(trc n c mu xm - disable). Hy click vo phm Select All ny.
- Cad s ng bng lnh v cc i tng cha dng ch cn tm s c la chn
(high light). Cng vi dng ch trn ca s text: AutoCAD found and selected
xxx objects that contain yyy vi xxx l s i tng c chn v yyy l cm t
bn va nhp. Nu khng c i tng no tho mn, cad s thng bo:AutoCAD
found and selected 0 objects that contain yyy.