Bi 4 - Gio trnh Minna no Nihongo

I. T VNG :
<okimasu> : thc dy
<nemasu> : ng
<hatarakimasu> : lm vic
<yasumimasu> : ngh ngi
<benkyoushimasu> : hc tp
<owarimasu> : kt thc
<DEPA-TO> : ca hng bch ha
<ginkou> : ngn hng
<yuubinkyoku> : bu in
< <toshokan> : th vin
<bijutsukan> : vin bo tng
<denwabangou> : s in thoi
<nanban> : s my ?
<ima> : by gi
<ji> : ~gi
<fun> <pun> : pht
<han> : phn na
<nanji> : my gi ?
<nanpun> : my pht ?
<gozen> : sng (AM: trc 12 gi)
<gogo> : chiu (PM: sau 12 gi)

<asa> : sng
<hiru> : tra
<ban> : ti
<yoru> : ti

<ototoi> : ngy hm kia

<kinou> : ngy hm qua
<kyou> : hm nay
<ashita> : ngy mai
<asatsute> : ngy mt
<kesa> : sng nay
<konban> : ti nay
<yuube> : ti hm qua
<yasumi> : ngh ngi (danh t)
<hiruyasumi> : ngh tra
<maiasa> : mi sng
<maiban> : mi ti

 <mainichi> : mi ngy
<PEKIN> : Bc Kinh
<BANKOKU> Bangkok
<RONDON> Lun n
<ROSANZERUSU> : Los Angeles
<taihendesune> : vt v nh
<bangouannai> : dch v 116 (hi s in thoi)
<otoiawase> : (s in thoi) bn mun bit / hi l
<(o) onegaishimasu> : lm n
<kashikomarimashita> : hiu ri

II. NG PHP :
ng T :
- ng t th qu kh
- ng t th hin ti v tng lai cch chia ging nhau
A. ng t th hin ti - tng lai th lch s : C ui l --masu
- V d :
+ <watashi wa kuji ni nemasu (ti ng lc 9 gi)
+ <watashi wa tamago wo tabemasu (ti n trng)
- Nu trong cu c t ch tng lai nh :
cu l th tng lai.

<ashita>(ngy mai)... th ng t trong

-V d :
+ <ashita watashi wa RONDON e ikimasu> (Ngy mai
ti i Lun n)
(Tr t : vit l he nhng c l <e>)
B. ng t th qu kh : C ui l ch mashita
Khi c ng t th hin ti ui -masu -> Thay -masu bng -mashita c ng
t th qu kh.
- V d :
+ nemashita ( ng)
+ tabemashita ( n)
Tr T theo sau ng t c nhiu tr t, nhng y l 3 tr t s cp :
1. e (c l e) : Ch dng cho 3 ng t
- ikimasu : i
- kimasu : n
- kaerimasu : tr v

2. o : Dng cho cc tha ng t nh : n (ci g), ung (ci g), ...

3. ni : dng cho cc ng t lin quan n thi gian nh
- nemasu : ng
- okimasu : thc dy
- yasumimasu : ngh ngi
- owarimasu : kt thc
- c Bit : aimasu ( gp )
V d :
+ watashi wa shichiji ni nemasu (ti ng lc 7 gi)
+ watashi wa BAO ni aimasu (ti gp Bo)

Bi 5 - Gio trnh Minna no Nihongo

I. T VNG :
<ikimasu> : i
<kimasu> : n
<kaerimasu> : tr v
<eki> : nh ga
<hikouki> : my bay
<fune> : thuyn/tu
<densha> : xe in
<chikatetsu> : xe in ngm
<shinkansen> : tu cao tc
<BASU> : xe but
<TAKUSHI-> : xe taxi
<jidensha> : xe p
<aruite> <(ikimasu)> : i b
<hito> : ngi
<tomodachi> : bn
<kare> : anh y
<kanojo> : c y
<kazoku> : gia nh
<hitoride> : mt mnh
<senshuu> : tun truc
<konshuu> : tun ny
<raishuu> : tun ti
<sengetsu> : thng trc
<kongetsu> : thng ny
<raigetsu> : thng ti
<kyonen> : nm ri
<kotoshi> : nm nay
<rainen> : nm ti

 <itsu> : khi no
<tanjoubi> : sinh nht
<futsu> : thng thng
<kyuukou> : tc hnh
<totsukyuu> : ha tc
<tsugino> : k tip
<~bansen> : tuyn th ~
<arigatou gozaimashita> : cm n
<dou itashimashite> : khng c chi

[B][COLOR="red"]II. NG PHP :[/B]

Mu Cu 1: __ ? <__wa nani o shimasu ka ?>[/COLOR]
- Cch dng : Dng hi ai ang lm g
- V d :
+ ? <anata wa nani o shimasu ka ?> (Bn lm g ?)
+ <watashi wa tegami o kakimasu> (Ti ang vit th)
Mu Cu 2: __ ? <__wa dare to nani o shimasu ka ?>
- Cch dng : Dng hi ngi no lm g vi ai ?
- V d :
+ Mira ? <Mira-san wa tomodachi to nani o shimasu ka
?> (Mira lm g vi bn vy ?)
+ Mira <Mira-san wa tomodachi to satsuka- o
shimasu> (Mira ang chi banh vi bn)
Mu Cu 3: __ ? <__wa doko de nani o shimasu ka ?>
- Cch dng : Dng hi mt ngi no lm g mt ni no .
- V d :
+ Bibo ? <Bibo-san wa kouen de nani o shimasu ka ?>
(Bbo lm g cng vin vy ?)
+ Bibo <Bibo-san wa kouen de TENISU o shimasu> (Bbo
ang chi tenis cng vin)
Mu Cu 4: __ <__dare to nan de doko e ikimasu>
- Cch dng : Dng ni mt ngi no cng vi ai, i n u bng phng tin g.
- V d :
+
<watashi wa koibito to densha de kouen e ikimasu>
(Ti cng vi ngi yu i xe in n cng vin)
Mu Cu 5: __ () ? <__ wa nani o (doushi) ka ?>

- Cch dng : y l dng cu hi c, khng hi ai v mt vn g .

- V d :
+ ?
<kinou anata wa eiga o mimashitaka>
(Ngy hm qua bn c xem phim khng ?)
+ <hai, mimashita> (C)
+ <iie, mimasendeshita> (Khng)
--> Trong cc mu cu trn cc bn c th thm vo thi gian cho ph hp vi cu v ng
t.
Ghi ch :
<doushi> : ng t
<shimasu> : chi, lm
Ph lc :
Cc th trong ng t :
1. Th khng nh : ui ca ng t l -<-masu>
- V d :
+ <ikimasu>
+ <kaerimasu>
2. Th ph nh : ui ca ng t l - <-masen>
- V d :
+ <ikimasen>
+ <kaerimasen>
3. Th nghi vn : Thm t <ka> vo sau ng t
- V d :
+ ? <mimasu ka ?> : C xem khng ?
4. Th khng nh trong qu kh : ui ca ng t l -<-mashita>
- V d :
+ <mimashita> : xem ri
5. Th ph nh trong qu kh : ui ca ng t l -<-masendeshita>
- V d :
+ <mimasendeshita> : khng xem
6. Th nghi vn trong qu kh : Nh th nghi vn ca ng t hin ti thm t <ka>
vo sau ng t
- V d :
+ ? <mimashita ka ?> : c xem khng ?
Ch : trong cu c ng t khng dng <desu> cui cu, <desu> ch
dng cho danh t.
[B][COLOR="red"]

Bi 6 - Gio trnh Minna no Nihongo

I. T VNG :
<tabemasu> : n
<nomimasu> : ung
<suimasu> : ht
<mimasu> : xem
<kikimasu> : nghe
<yomimasu> : c
<kakimasu> :vit, v
<kaimasu> : mua
<torimasu> : chp
<shimasu> : lm, chi
<aimasu> : gp
<gohan> : cm
<asagohan> : ba sng
<hirugohan> : ba tra
<bangohan> : ba ti
<PAN> : bnh m
<tamago> : trng
<niku> : tht
<sakana> : c
<yasai> : rau
<kudamono> : tri cy
<mizu> : nc
<ocha> : tr
<koucha> : hng tr
<gyuunyuu> : sa
<MIRUKU> : sa
<JU-SU> : nc tri cy
<BI-RU> : bia
<(o)sake> : ru sake
<SAKKA-> : bng
<TENISU> : tenis
CD <CD> : a CD
<BIDEO> : bng video
<tegami> : th
<REPO-TO> : bi bo co
<mise> : tim, qun
<RESUTORAN> : nh hng
<(o)hanami> : vic ngm hoa
<oosakajoukouen> : tn cng vin
<sorekara> : sau
<chotto> : mt cht

 <tokidoki> : thnh thong

<itsumo> : thng, lc no cng
<ishshoni> : cng nhau
<iidesune> : c, tt nh
<ee> : vng
<wakarimashita> : hiu ri
<ja, mata> : hn gp li
II. NG PHP :
Mu cu 1: itsumo> (lc no cng ...)
Dng th hin ti, ch mt thi quen thng xuyn.
Cu trc: thi gian + Ch ng + <wa> + <itsumo> + <nani> <o>,
<doko> <e> + ng t
- V d :
+
<watashi wa itsumo gozen rokuji ni asagohan wo tabemasu>
(Ti th lc no cng n ba sng lc 6h sng)
Lu : C th thm vo cc yu t nh : vi ai, u... cho cu thm phong ph.
- V d :
+ Phan nh Phng
<watashi wa itsumo tomodachi to Phan nh Phng KURAZU de SAKKA- o shimasu>
(Ti th lc no cng chi banh vi bn b cu lc b Phan nh Phng)
Mu cu 2: ishshoni> (Cng nhau)
Dng mi mt ai lm vic g cng vi mnh.
Cu hi:
(thi gian) + Ch ng + <wa> + <ishshoni> + ni chn + <de> +
<nani> <o> + <doko> <e>; <ni> + ng t + <masen ka ?>
Cu tr li:
ng : <ee>, ng t + <mashou>
Khng ng : V + <masen> (....<chotto....>
- V d :
+ ?
<ashita watashi wa isshoni RESUTORAN de hirugohan o tabemasen ka ?>
(Ngy mai ti vi bn cng i n tra nh hng nh? )
ng : <ee, tabamashou><Vng, c thi>
Khng ng : ...)<tabemasen, (chotto....)><Khng c (v g ...)>
Lu : Cng c th thm vo cc yu t nh : vi ai, u... cho cu thm phong ph.
Yumi post tip t bi 7 n bi 9 lun :

Bi 7 - Gio trnh Minna no Nihongo

I. T VNG :
+ <dougu> : dng c
+ <kongo> : ngn ng
<okurimasu> : gi
<agemasu> : tng
<moraimasu> : nhn
<kashimasu> : cho mn
<karimasu> : mn
<oshiemasu> : dy
<naraimasu> : hc
<kakemasu> : gi in
<hashi> : a
<SUPU-N> : mung
<NAIFU> : dao
<FO-KU> : na
<hasami> : ko
<FAKUSU> <(FAKKUSU)> : my fax
<WA-PURO> : my nh ch
<PASOKON> : my tnh c nhn
<PANCHI> : ci bm l
<HOCHCHIKISU> : ci bm giy
<SEROTE-PU> : bng keo
<keshiGOMU> : cc gm
<kami> : giy ( tc )
<hana> : hoa (ci mi)
<SHATSU> : o s mi
<PUREZENTO> : qu tng
<nimotsu> : hnh l
<okane> : tin
<kippu> : v
<ryokou> : du lch
<omiyage> : qu c sn
<YO-ROPPA> : Chu u
<KURISUMASU> : l Noel
<chichi> : cha ti
<haha> : m ti
<otousan> : b ca bn
<okaasan> : m ca bn
<gomen kudasai> : xin li c ai nh khng ?

<irasshai> : anh (ch) n chi

<douzo oagari kudasai>: xin mi anh (ch) vo nh
<itadakimasu> : cho ti nhn

Lu :
+ T <hashi> c hai ngha. Mt ngha l a, ngha cn li l cy cu. phn bit
nu ngha l a th c xung ging (ging nh hch x vy ), cn ci kia th c ln
ging.
+ Cn <kami> cng c hai ngha l tc v giy.
+ T <hana> th cng tng t nh <hashi> ngha l ln ging l hoa, cn xung
ging th l ci mi.
II\ NG PHP - MU CU
Mu cu 1: <dougu> + <de> + + V- <V-masu>
- Cch dng: Lm g bng dng c g .
- V d:
+
<watashi wa hasami de kami o kirimasu>
[Ti ct tc bng ko ( hoc ct giy cng c )]
Mu cu 2: <wa> + <kongo> + <de> + <nan desu ka ?>
- Cch dng: Dng hi xem mt t no theo ngn ng no c l g.
- V d:
+ Good bye
<Good bye wa nihongo de nan desu ka>
(Good bye ting Nht l g th ?)
+ Good bye
<Good bye wa nihongo de sayounara desu>
(Good bye ting Nht l sayounara)
Mu cu 3: <dare> + <ni> + <nani> + <o> + <agemasu>
- Cch dng: Khi tng ai ci g
- V d:
+
<watashi wa tomodachi ni PUREZENTO o agemasu>
(Ti tng qu cho bn)
Mu cu 4: <dare> + <ni> + <nani> + <o> +
<moraimasu>
- Cch dng: Dng ni khi mnh nhn mt ci g t ai .
- V d:
+
<watashi wa tomodachi ni hana o moraimasu>
(Ti nhn hoa t bn b)
Mu cu 5:

+ Cu hi: <mou> + + V- ? <V-mashita ka ?>

+Tr li:
- V- <hai, mou V-mashita>
- <iie, mada desu>
-Cch dng: Dng hi mt ai lm cng vic no cha
- V d:
+ ?
<anata wa mou bangohan o tabemashita ka ?>
(Bn n cm ti cha ?)
+ <hai, mou tabemashita>
(Vng, ti n ri)
+ <iie, mada desu>
(Khng, ti cha n)

Bi 8 - Gio trnh Minna no Nihongo

I. T VNG :
+ Tnh t :
<HANSAMU> : p trai
() <kirei (na)> : (cnh) p, p (gi), sch
() <genki (na)> : khe
<shizuka> : yn tnh
<nigiyaka> : nhn nhp
() <yuumei (na)> : ni ting
<shinsetsu> : t t
<hima> : rnh ri
<isogashii> : bn rn
() <benri (na)> : tin li
() <suteki (na)> : tuyt vi
<ookii> : to ln
<chiisai> : nh
<atarashii> : mi
<furui> : c
<ii> : tt
<warui> : xu
<atsui> : (tr) nng
<tsumetai> : (nc ) lnh
<atsui> : (tri) nng
<samui> : (tri) lnh
<muzukashii> : (bi tp) kh
<yasashii> : (bi tp) d
<kibishii> : nghim khc
<yasashii> : du dng, hin t
<takai> : t

 <yasui> : r
<hikui> : thp
<takai> : cao
<omoshiroi> : th v
<tsumaranai> : chn
<oishii> : ngon
<mazui> : d
<tanoshii> : vui v
+ Mu sc :

<shiroi> : trng
<kuroi> : en
<akai> :
<aoi> : xanh

<sakura> : hoa anh o

<yama> : ni
<seikatsu> : cuc sng
() <(o)shigoto> : cng vic
<donna> : no
<dore> : ci no
<sorosoro, shitsurei shimasu> : n lc ti phi v
<mata irasshatte kudasai>: ln sau li n chi nh.
II. NG PHP :
By gi chng ta s bt u lm quen vi tnh t trong ting Nht
Trong Ting Nht c hai loi tnh t :
+ <ikeiyoushi> : tnh t <i>
+ <nakeiyoushi> : tnh t <na>
1. Tnh t <na>
a. Th khng nh hin ti: Tnh t + <desu>
- V d:
+ <Bo san wa shinsetsu desu.>
(Bo th t t )
+ <kono heya wa kirei desu.>
(Cn phng ny th sch s.)
b. Th ph nh hin ti: Tnh t +

<ja arimasen>

- V d:
+ <kono heya wa kirei ja arimasen>

(Cn phng ny th khng sch s.)

c. Th khng nh trong qu kh: Tnh t + <deshita>
- V d:
+ A <A san wa genki deshita>
(A th khe.)
d. Th ph nh trong qu kh: Tnh t +
deshita>

<ja arimasen

- V d:
+ A
<A san wa genki ja arimasen deshita>
(A th khng khe.)
2. Tnh t <i>
a. Th khng nh hin ti: Tnh t + <desu>
- V d:
+ <kono tokei wa atarashii desu>
(Ci ng h ny th mi.)
+ <watashi no sensei wa yasashii desu>
(C gio ca ti th du dng.)
b. Th ph nh hin ti: Tnh t <i> s b ui <i> v thm vo
<kunai> + vn c <desu>
- V d:
+
<BETONAMU no tabemono wa takakunai desu>
(Thc n ca Vit Nam th khng mc.)
cu trn, tnh t
kunai>

<takai> b <i> thm <kunai> thnh <taka

c. Th khng nh trong qu kh: Tnh t <i> s b ui <i> v thm vo

<katta> + vn c <desu>
- V d:
+
<kinou watashi wa totemo isogashikatta desu>
(Ngy hm qua ti rt bn.)
cu trn, tnh t <isogashii> b <i> thm <katta> thnh
<isogashi katta>
d. Th ph nh trong qu kh: Tnh t <i> s b ui <i> v thm vo
<kunakatta> + vn c <desu>

- V d:
+
<kinou watashi wa isogashi kunakatta desu>
(Ngy hm qua ti khng bn.)
cu trn, tnh t <isogashii> b <i> thm <kuna katta> thnh
<isogashi kuna katta>
Lu : i vi tnh t <i> khi nm trong cu th khng nh u vit nguyn dng.
V d: <isogashii> khi nm trong cu th khng nh vn l
<isogashii>
Ch : Tnh t c bit <ii> ngha l tt.
- V d:
<ii desu>: khng nh hin ti
<yokunai desu>: ph nh trong hin ti
<yokatta desu>: khng nh qu kh
<yokunakatta desu>: ph nh qu kh
3. Cch s dng <amari> v <totemo>
a. <amari>: c dng din t trng thi ca tnh t, lun i cng vi th ph
nh ca tnh t, c ngha l khng...lm.
- V d:
+Tnh t <na>
A
<A san wa amari HANSAMU ja arimasen>
(Anh A th khng c p trai lm.)
+ Tnh t <i>

<nihon no tabemono wa amari oishi kunai desu>
(Thc n ca Nht Bn th khng c ngon lm.)
b. <totemo>: c dng din t trng thi ca tnh t, lun i cng vi th khng
nh ca tnh t c ngha l rt.....
- V d:
+ Tnh t <na>

<kono uta wa totemo suteki desu>
<Bi ht ny tht tuyt vi>
+ Tnh t <i>

<kono jidousha wa totemo takai desu>
<Chic xe hi ny th rt mc.)

4. Cc mu cu :
a. Mu cu 1: ____ + <dou> + ?
- Cch dng: Dng hi mt vt hay mt ngi no (t khi dng) c tnh cht nh th
no.
- V d:
? <fujisan wa dou desu ka>
<Ni Ph S th trng nh th no vy?>
<fujisan wa takai desu>
<Ni Ph S th cao.)
b. Mu cu 2: ___ + <donna> + danh t + ?
- Cch dng: Dng hi mt ni no , hay mt quc gia no , hay ai c tnh cht
nh th no. (tng t nh mu cu trn nhng nhn mnh hn)
- V d:
+ A ?
<A san wa donna hito desu ka>
(Anh A l mt ngi nh th no vy ?)
A
<A san wa shinsetsu na hito desu>
(Anh A l mt ngi t t.)
+ ?
<Fujisan wa donna yama desu ka>
(Ni Ph S l mt ngn ni nh th no vy?)

<Fujisan wa takai yama desu>
(Ni Ph S l mt ngn ni cao.)
c. Mu cu 3: <hito> + <no> + <mono> + + <dore> + ?
- Cch dng: Dng hi trong mt ng vt th ci no l ca ngi .
- V d:
A ?
<A san no kaban wa dore desu ka>
<Ci cp no l ca anh A vy ?>
.......
<......kono kiiroi kaban desu>
<.......ci cp mu vng ny y.>
d. Mu cu 4: ___ + Adj 1 + + <soshite> + Adj2 + <desu>
- Cch dng: <soshite> l t dng ni hai tnh t cng (r vi ngon ; p vi
sch; ...) vi nhau, c ngha l khng nhng... m cn....
- V d:

<HOCHIMINH shi wa nigiyaka desu, soshite kirei desu>
<Thnh ph H Ch Minh khng ch nhn nhp m cn sch s na.>

e. Mu cu 5: ___ + Adj1 + + <ga> + Adj2 +

- Cch dng: Mu cu ny tri ngc vi mu cu trn l dng ni hai tnh t m mt
bn l khen v mt no , cn bn kia th ch mt no (r nhng d ; p trai nhng
xu bng........).
- V d:
B
<B san wa HANSAMU desu ga, warui desu>
<Anh B tuy p trai nhng m xu bng.>

<betonamu no tabemono wa takai desu ga, oishii desu>
<Thc n ca Vit Nam tuy mc nhng m ngon.>
Sayounara :aaa:
thay i ni dung bi: Yumi, 09-10-2008 lc 07:52 PM L do: Automerged Doublepost

BI 9 - Gio trnh Minna no Nihongo

I. T VNG
<arimasu> : c ( vt)
<sukina>: thch
<kiraina> : ght
<jouzuna>: .....gii
<hetana> : ......d
<SUPO-TSU> : th thao
<DANSU> : khiu v
<ongaku> : m nhc
<uta> : bi ht
<KURASHIKKU> : nhc c in
<JAZU> : nhc jazz
<KONSA-TO> : bui ha nhc
<KARAOKE> : karaoke
<kabuki> : nhc kabuki ca Nht
<komakaiokane> : tin l
<CHIKETTO> : v
<goshujin> : chng (ca ngi khc)
/ <otto / shujin> : chng (ca mnh)
<okusan> : v (ca ngi khc)
/ <tsuma / kanai> : v (ca mnh)
<kodomo> : tr con

 ( <yoku (wakarimasu)> : (hiu) r

<takusan> : nhiu
<sukoshi> : mt cht
<~kara> : ~v, do
<doushite> : ti sao ?
<moshimoshi> : alo
II. NG PHP :
Mu cu 1: ____ + + <mono ( vt) + ga + arimasu> : c ci g ...
____ + + <mono ( vt) + ga + arimasen : khng c ci g ...
- V d:
+ Lan
<Lan chan wa nihongo no jisho ga arimasu ka ?>
(Lan c t in ting Nht khng?)
+
<hai, nihongo no jisho ga arimasu>
(Vng, ti c t in ting Nht)
+ Quc ?
<Quc kun wa jitensha ga arimasu ka ?>
(Quc c xe p khng?)
+
<iie, jitensha ga arimasen>
(Khng, ti khng c xe p)
Mu cu 2:
Danh t + + <suki> + : thch ci g ...
Danh t + + <kirai> + : ght ci g ...
- V d:
+ Long ?
<Long kun wa nihongo ga suki desu ka ?>
(Long c thch ting Nht khng ?)
+
<hai, watashi wa nihongo ga totemo suki desu>
(Vng, ti rt thch ting Nht)
Ch : Cc bn nn hn ch dng <kirai> v t kh nhy cm vi ngi Nht, cc

bn nn dng ph nh ca <suki> l <suki ja arimasen> cng

vi <amari> gim mc ca cu ni, tr khi mnh qu ght th .
Mu cu 3:
Danh t + <ga> + <jouzu> + : gii ci g ...
Danh t + <ga> + <heta> + : d ci g ...
- V d:
+ B ?
<B san wa nihongo ga jouzu desu ka ?>
(B c gii ting Nht khng ?)
+ B
<iie, B san wa nihongo ga amari jouzu ja arimasen>
(Khng, B khng gii ting Nht lm)
Ch : tng t nh trn, cc bn cng nn trnh dng <heta> v n c th gy mch
lng ngi khc. Ch nn dng ph nh ca <jouzu> cng vi <amari> l
<amari jouzu ja arimasen>.
Mu cu 4:
Cu hi ti sao: <doushite~ka ?>
Cu tr li bi v:~<~kara>
- V d:
+ A
<kesa A san wa gakkou e ikimasen deshita>
(Sng nay A khng n trng)
Bui ti, B sang nh hi A :
B:
B:<doushite kesa gakkou e ikimasen deshita ka ?>
<Ti sao sng nay bn khng n trng?>
A:
A:<watashi wa genki ja arimasen deshita kara>
(Bi v ti khng khe)

BI 10 - Gio trnh Minna no Nihongo

I. T VNG
<imasu> : c (ngi, ng vt -> c th t chuyn ng, c tri gic)

 <arimasu> : c ( vt, cy ci -> khng th t chuyn ng, khng c tri gic)

<inu> : con ch
<neko> : con mo
<ki> : cy
<mono> : vt
() <FIRUMU><(FUIRUMU)> : cun phim
<denchi> : cc pin
<hako> : ci hp
<SUICHCHI> : cng tc in
<reizouko> : t lnh
<TE-BURU> : bn trn
<BEDDO> : ci ging
<tana> : ci k
<DOA> : ca ra vo
<mado> : ca s
<POSUTO> : thng th
<BIRU> : ta nh cao tng
<kouen> : cng vin
<kissaten> : qun nc
<honya> : tim sch
<noriba> : bn xe, bn ga, tu
<ue> : trn
<shita> : di
<mae> : trc
<ushiro> : sau
<migi> : bn phi
<hidari> : bn tri
<naka> : bn trong
<soto> : bn ngoi
<tonari> : bn cnh
<ichiban> : nht
<danme> : ngn th

II. NG PHP :
Mu Cu 1: Noun + + <Noun + ga imasu> : c ai , c con g ...
Mu Cu 2: () + + t xc nh v tr + + / + + /
?

<(tokoro) + no + t xc nh v tr + ni + dare/nani + ga + imasu ka ?/ arimasu

ka ?> : u c ai hay vt g, con g
Nhng t ch v tr :
<shita (bn di)>
<mae (ng trc)>
<migi (bn phi)>
<naka (bn trong)>
<tonari (bn cnh)>

<ue ( trn)>
<ushiro (ng sau>
<hidari (bn tri)>
<soto (bn ngoi)>
<chikaku (ch gn y)>

<aida ( gia)>
- V d:
+ ?
<sono hako no naka ni nani ga arimasu ka>
(Trong ci hp kia c ci g vy ?)
+
<sono hako no naka ni hasami ga arimasu>
(Trong ci hp kia c ci ko)
Mu cu 3: ()<ya(nado)> : chng hn nh...
- V d:
+ ?
<kono kyoushitsu no naka ni nani ga arimasu ka ?>
(Trong phng hc ny c ci g vy ?)
+ Cch 1:

<kono kyoushitsu no naka ni tsukue to hon to empitsu to kaban to jisho ga arimasu>
(Trong phng hc ny c bn, sch, bt ch, cp, t in.)
+ Cch 2:

<kono kyoushitsu no naka ni tsukue ya hon nado ga arimasu>
(Trong phng hc ny c nhiu th chng hn nh bn, sch...)
Nh vy cch dng ()<ya(nado)> dng rt ngn cu tr li, khng cn
phi lit k ht ra.
Mu cu 4:
Danh t 1 + + Danh t 2 + + Danh t 3 + + + /
<Danh t 1 + wa + Danh t 2 + to + Danh t 3 + no aida + ni + arimasu/imasu>

Hoc:
Danh t 1 + + Danh t 2 + + + Danh t 3 + + /
<Danh t 1 + to + Danh t 2 + no aida + ni + Danh t 3 + ga + arimasu /imasu>
- V d:
+
<kissaten wa honya to hanaya no aida ni arimasu>
(Qun nc th gia tim sch v tim hoa)
Hoc:
+
<honya to hanaya no aida ni kissaten ga arimasu>
( gia tim sch v tim bn hoa c mt qun nc)

<mata kondo onegaishimasu> : hn k sau nhe

BI 11.
I. T VNG :
<imasu> : c, (ngi, ng vt)
<Nihon ni imasu> : Nht Bn
<kakarimasu> : mt, tn
<yasumimasu> :ngh ngi
<ikutsu> : bao nhiu ci ?; bao nhiu tui ?
<hitotsu> : 1 ci ( vt)

<futatsu> : 2 ci
<mittsu> : 3 ci
<yottsu> : 4 ci
<itsutsu> : 5 ci

<muttsu> : 6 ci
<nanatsu> : 7 ci
<yattsu> : 8 ci
<kokonotsu> : 9 ci
<too> : 10 ci
<nin> : ngi
<hitori> : 1 ngi
<futari> : 2 ngi

 <dai> : ci, chic (my mc)

<mai> : t, (nhng vt mng nh o, giy, l th, ci a...)
<kai> : ln, tng lu
<ringo> : qu to
<mikan> : qu qut
<SANDOICCHI> : sandwich
() <KARE(RAISU)> : (cm) c ri
<AISUKURIMU> : kem
<kitte> : tem
<hagaki> : bu thip
<fuutou> : phong b
<sokutatsu> : chuyn pht nhanh
<kakitome> :gi bo m
<EAMERU> : (gi bng) ng hng khng
<funabin> : gi bng ng tu
<ryoushin> : b m
<kyoudai> : anh em
<ani> : anh trai (ti)
<oniisan> : anh trai (bn)
<ane> : ch gi (ti)
<oneesan> : ch gi (bn)
<otouto> : em trai (ti)
<otoutosan> : em trai (bn)
<imouto> : em gi (ti)
<imoutosan> : em gi (bn)
<jikan> : ting, gi ng h
<shuukan> : tun
<kagetsu> : thng
<nen> : nm
<gurai> : khong
<dono kurai> : bao lu ?
<sorekara> : sau
<irasshaimase> : xin cho qu khch !
() <ii (o)tenki desu ne> : tri p qu nh !

II. NG PHP :
1. V tr ca t ch s lng trong cu : ng sau tr t <ga>, <wo>
* Mu Cu :
Danh t + + / / / / ... + /
Danh t + ga + tsu / nin / dai / mai / kai ... + arimasu / imasu
* V d:

<ima, kouen no naka ni otoko no hito ga hitori imasu>
(By gi trong cng vin c mt ngi n ng.)

<watashi wa SHATSU ga ni-mai arimasu>
(Ti c hai ci o s mi.)
2. Yu cu ai a cho mnh ci g : <wo> + <kudasai>
* Mu Cu :
Danh t + <wo> + s lng + <kudasai>
* V d:
<kami wo ni-mai kudasai>
(Lm n a cho ti hai t giy.)
3. Trong khong thi gian lm vic g : dng tr t
* Mu Cu :
Khong thi gian + <ni> + V <Vmasu>

<ni>

* V d:

<isshuukan ni san-kai Nihongo wo benkyoushimasu>
(Ti hc ting Nht mt tun ba ln.)
4.
<dono kurai> c s dng hi khong thi gian lm ci g .
<gurai> t sau s lng c ngha l khong bao nhiu .
* Mu Cu :
<dono kurai> + danh t + <wo> + V<Vmasu>
Danh t + <ga> + s lng + <gurai> + /
* V d :
Long ?
<Long-san wa dono kurai Nihongo wo benkyoushimashita ka ?>
(Anh Long hc ting Nht c bao lu ri ?)


< sannen benkyoushimashita>
(Ti hc ting Nht c 3 nm)

<kono gakkou ni sensei ga sanjuu-nin gurai imasu>
(Trong trng ny c khong ba mi gio vin.)
Lu : Cch dng cc t hi s lng cng tng t tc l cc t hi lun ng
sau tr t.
* V d:
?
<anata no uchi ni TEREBI ga nan-dai arimasu ka ?>
(Nh ca bn c bao nhiu ci ti vi ?)

<watashi no uchi ni TEREBI ga ichi-dai dake arimasu>
(Nh ca ti ch c mt ci ti vi.)
Nhi ?
<Nhi-san no gokazoku ni hito ga nan-nin imasu ka ?>
(Gia nh ca Nhi c bao nhiu ngi vy ?)

<watashi no kazoku ni hito ga yo-nin imasu>
(Gia nh ti c 4 ngi.)

Bi 1 - Gio trnh Minna no Nihongo

I. T VNG :
<watashi> : ti
<watashitachi> : chng ta, chng ti
<anata> : bn
<minasan> : cc bn, cc anh, cc ch, mi ngi
<san> : anh , ch
<chan> : b (dng cho n) hoc gi thn mt tr con (c nam v n)
<kun> : b (dng cho nam) hoc gi thn mt
<jin> : ngi nc
<daigaku> : trng i hc
<Sakura daigaku> : Trng H Sakura
<Fuji daigaku> : Trng H Ph S
<sensei> : gio vin

 <kyoushi> : gio vin (dng ni v ngh nghip)

<gakusei> : hc sinh, sinh vin
<daigakusei> : sinh vin i hc
<koukousei> : hc sinh ph thng, hc sinh cp ba
<kaishain> : nhn vin cng ty
<shain> : nhn vin cng ty
<ginkouin> : nhn vin ngn hng
<byouin> : bnh vin
<isha> : bc s
<kenkyuusha> : nghin cu sinh
<ENJINIA> : k s
<denki> : in
<BAWA-denki> : tn cng ty in kh Power
<BURAJIRU EA> : hng khng Brazil
Tn mt s quc gia :
<nihon> : Nht
<AMERIKA> : M
<IGIRISU> : Anh
<FURANSU> : Php
<BURAJIRU> : Brazil
<DOICHI> : c
<ITARIA> :
<SUISU> : Thu S
<chuugoku> : Trung Quc
<kankoku> : Hn Quc
<INDO> : n
<INDONESHIA> : Indonesia
<TAI> : Thi Lan
II. NG PHP :
Mu cu 01: ___ <wa> ___ <desu>: ------ l -------- y l mu cu khng nh; dng tr t <ha> (c l <wa>)
- Cch dng : dng ni tn, ngh nghip, quc tch ...
- V d :
+ Watashi wa MAIKU MIRA desu : ti l Michael Miler

Mu cu 02: ___ <wa>___ <dewa arimasen>/ <ja
arimasen>

- y l mu cu ph nh; dng tr t <wa>

- mu cu ny dng <ja arimasen> hoc <dewa
arimasen> u c.
- Cch dng : th hin ph nh; ------- khng phi l ------- V d :
+ SANTOSU-san wa gakusei dewa arimasen/ ja arimasen : anh Santose khng phi l sinh
vin
/
Mu cu 03: ____ <wa> _____ <desu ka ?>
- y l mu cu hi, dng tr t <wa> v tr t nghi vn <ka> cui cu.
- Cch dng : dng hi; ----- c phi l ----- khng ?/ ------ c phi khng ?
- V d :
+ MIRA-san wa kaishain desu ka ? : anh Miler c phi l nhn vin cng ty khng ?
?
Mu cu 04: _____ <mo> _____ <desu>/ <desu ka ?>
- y l mu cu dng tr t <mo> vi ngha l cng l (too)
- <mo> l tr tr c th dng hi v tr li.
Khi dng hi th ngi tr li dng <hai> xc nhn hoc <iie> ph nh.
Nu xc nhn th dng <mo>, ph nh th phi dng <wa>.
- Cch dng : thay th v tr ca tr t <wa> v mang ngha cng l
- V d :
+ Watashi wa BETONAMU-jin desu. Anata mo (BETONAMU-jin desu ka) ? :
ti l ngi Vit Nam, bn cng l ngi Vit Nam phi khng ?
( ) ?
+ Hai, watashi mo BETONAMU-jin desu. Watashi wa daigakusei desu, anata mo ?
vng, ti cng l ngi Vit Nam. Ti l sinh vin i hc, cn anh cng vy phi khng ?
?
+ Iie, watashi wa daigakusei ja arimasen. (Watashi wa) kaishain desu :
khng, ti khng phi l sinh vin i hc, ti l nhn vin cng ty.

Ch : i vi cc cu c qu nhiu ch ng lp li watashi wa hoc cc cu hi trng
lp, c th lc b bt cho cu vn ngn gn.
Mu cu 05: ____ <wa> ____ <no> ____ <desu>
- y l mu cu dng tr t <no> ch s s hu; mang ngha l ca nhng c khi
khng mang ngha ch ni hai danh t vi nhau.
- V d :
+ MIRA-san wa IMC no shain desu : anh Michael l nhn vin ca cng ty IMC
IMC

Mu cu 06:
_____<wa> <nansai> <desu ka ?>
_____<wa> <oikutsu> <desu ka ?>(lch s hn)
Tr li : _____ <wa> + (s m)<sai>

<desu>

- y l mu cu hi tui ca ngi khc, dng nghi vn t Nansai/ Oikutsu.

- Cch dng :
<nansai> : dng hi tr nh (di 10 tui).
<oikutsu> : dng hi mt cch lch s.
- V d :
+ Taro-kun wa nansai desu ka ? : b Taro my tui vy ?
?
Taro-kun wa kyuu-sai desu : b Taro 9 tui

+ Yamada-san wa oikutsu desu ka ? : ng Yamada bao nhiu tui vy ?
?
Yamada-san wa yonjuugo-sai desu : ng Yamada 45 tui

Ch : Cch ni tui : s m + <sai> : ------ tui.
Cc tui tn cng l s 0,1,8 c bin m :

<issai> : 1 tui

<hassai> : 8 tui
<jussai> : 10 tui
<hatachi> : 20 tui
<nijuu-issai> : 21 tui
<nijuusan-sai> : 23 tui
<yon-jussai> : 40 tui
<yonjuuroku-sai> : 46 tui
Mu cu 07: ? <shitsure desu ga, onamae wa ?> : tn bn l
g ?
Mu cu 08:
? <anohito wa dare desu ka ?> : ngi kia l ai vy ?
? <anokata wa donata desu ka ?> : v kia l v no vy ?
(lch s hn)
- Mu cu dng hi v ngi khc, dng nghi vn t Dare (ai ?)/ Donata (v no ?)
- V d :
+ Ano hito wa dare desu ka ? : ngi ny l ai vy ?
?

+ Ano kata wa donata desu ka ? : v ny l ngi no vy ?

?
+ Ano hito/ ano kata wa Kimura-san desu : ngi kia/v kia l anh/ng Kimura.
/
Mu cu 09: ___A___ /
g ?
Tr li : ___A___ _____

? <A wa nan/ nani desu ka ?> : A l ci

- y l mu cu hi v vt, dng, ...; dng nghi vn t "Nan/ Nani"

- V d :
+ Kore/ Sore/ Are wa nan desu ka ? : ci ny/ ci / ci kia l ci g ?
Sore wa NOTO desu : l cun tp.
+ ? <sore wa nan desu ka ?> : ci l ci g ?
: ci ny ? y l Camera.
+ ? : Camera ca ai th ?
() : Camera ca ti y.
Mu cu 10: <kochirawa san desu> : y l ngi
<kara kimashita> : n t
Cu
n
Cu
n

hi : ___ ? <~wa doko kara kimashita ka ?> : bn t u

?
tr li : thm "kara" vo sau a danh : <kara kimashita> :
t

- y l mu cu ni v qu hng, qu qun, xut x, ca ngi khc; dng nghi vn t

"Doko/ Dochira" hi v ni chn.
- - (Go-shusshin) : qu hng, qu qun
- (doko) : u ?
- ~ (~kara) : t u ?
- : n (ng t th qu kh)
- V d :
+ : ti l Watt, ti n t nc Anh.
+ : ti n t M hoc ngn gn : t M.
Mu cu 11: _____ ? : ci ny trong ting Nht gi l g th
?
_____ ______ : trong ting Nht, ci l --------- V d :
+ ? : ci ny trong ting Nht gi l g th ?
: trong ting Nht, ci l <denwa> : in

thoi.

? : vy cn ci kia th sao ? - <zasshi> : tp ch.

!!! :aaa:

Bi 2 - Gio trnh Minna no Nihongo

I. T VNG :
: <kore> y
: <sore>
: <are> kia
: <kono> ~ny
: <sono> ~
: <ano> ~kia
: <hon> sch
: <jisho> t in
: <zasshi> tp ch
: <shimbun> t bo
: <NOTO> tp, v
: <techou> s tay
: <meishi> danh thip
: <KA-DO> card
: <TELEHONKA-DO> card in thoi
: <empitsu> vit ch
: <BO-RUPEN> vit bi
: <SHA-PUPENSHIRU> vit ch bm
: <kagi> cha kho
: <tokei> ng h
: <kasa> ci d
: <kaban> ci cp
: <KASETTO TE-PU> bng (casset)
: <TE-PUREKO-DA-> my casset
: <TEREBI> ci TV
: <RAZIO> ci radio
: <KAMERA> ci my chp hnh
: <KOMPYU-TA-> my vi tnh
: <jidousha> xe hi
: <tsukue> ci bn

 : <isu> ci gh
: <CHOKORE-TO> ko scla
: <KO-HI-> c ph
: <Eigo> ting Anh
: <Nihongo> ting Nht
: <~go> ting ~
: <nan> ci g ?
: <dou> th no ?
: <douzo> xin mi
: <doumo> cm n
: <chigaimasu> khng phi, sai ri
: <sou desu ka> th ?
: <anou> .. ( ngp ngng khi ngh hoc suy ngh 1 vn )
<honno kimochi desu> y l cht lng thnh
: <korekara osewa ninarimasu> t nay mong c gip
<kochirakoso yoroshiku> chnh ti mi l ngi mong c gip .
II. NG PHP :
_____

?<____wa nan no~ desu ka ?>

- ngha: _____ l ci g ?
- Cch dng: y l mu cu dng hi v th loi hay thuc tnh ca mt s vt, hin
tng.
- V d:
+ Kore wa nan no hon desuka ? (y l sch g ?)
+ Kore wa Nihongo no hon desu. (y l sch ting Nht)
_____

? <____ wa nan-youbi desu ka?>

- ngha: _____ l th my?

- Cch dng: Dng hi th, c th l ngy hm nay hoc l mt s kin s vic g .
- V d:
+ Kyou wa nanyoubi desu ka ? Hm nay l th my ?
+ Kyou wa kayoubi desu. Hm nay l th ba
+ KURISUMASU wa nanyoubi desu ka ? NOEL l th my ?
+ KURISUMASU wa suiyoubi desu. NOEL ngy th T.
_____

<_____wa nan-nichi desu ka?>

- ngha: _____ l ngy my?

- Cch dng: Dng hi ngy v c th l ngy hm nay hoc l ngy ca 1 s kin g .
- V d:
+ Otanjoubi wa nannichi desu ka? Sinh nht bn l ngy my?
+ Watashi no tanjoubi wa 17 (juu nana) nichi desu. Sinh nht ti ngy 17
<kore>/ <sore>/ <are> +
?

? ____ wa nan desu ka

- ngha: Ci ny/ci /ci kia l ci g?

- Cch dng:
a. Vi <kore> th dng hi vt gn mnh, -> ngi tr li khi tr li phi dng <sore>
v khi vt xa ngi tr li
b. Vi <sore> dng hi vt gn ngi ni chuyn vi mnh, -> khi tr li dng <kore>
c. Vi <are> dng hi vt xa c ngi hi v ngi nghe nn tr li vn l <are>
- V d:
+ Kore wa nan no hon desu ka? y l loi sch g?
+ Sore wa Kanji no hon desu. l sch Kanji

/ / +

- ngha: ~ny/~/~kia l ~ g?
- Cch dng tng t mu cu s 4 nhng c nhn mnh hn!
- V d:
+ Sono zasshi wa nanno zasshi desuka? cun tp ch l tp ch g?
+ Kono zasshi wa KOMPU-TA- no zasshi desu. cun tp ch ny l tp ch v Vi tnh.
Phn ph lc:
<nanyoubi desu ka ?> th my ?
<getsuyoubi> th Hai
<kayoubi> th Ba
<suiyoubi> th T
<mokuyoubi> th Nm
<kinyoubi> th Su
<doyoubi> th By
<nichiyoubi> Ch Nht
<nannichi desu ka ?> ngy my ?
Nht trong 10 ngy u ngi ta c cch c khc i so vi cc ngy cn li, v chng ta
c th dng cho c hai trng hp l ngy ~ hoc ~ngy

 <tsuitachi> ngy 1 (hoc 1 ngy)

<futsuka> ngy 2 (hoc hai ngy)

<mikka> ngy 3 (//)

<yokka> ngy 4 (//)
<itsuka> ngy 5 (//)
<muika> ngy 6 (//)

<nanoka> ngy 7 (//)

<youka> ngy 8 (//)
<kokonoka> ngy 9 (//)
<tooka> ngy 10 (//)
Cc ngy cn li ta m bng cch rp m s vi ch <nichi>
- V d: jyuuichi-nichi : ngy 11
C 1 s trng hp c bit, v tng t cho cc s cn li
- V d:
nijuu yokka : ngy 24
<juu yokka> : ngy 14
<juuku-nichi> : ngy 19 (im khc bit so vi m s thng thng ca s
ny l s 9, ku thay v kyu)
<hatsuka> ngy 20

Bi 3 - Gio trnh Minna no Nihongo

I. T VNG :
<koko> y
<soko>
<asoko> kia
<doko> (nghi vn t) u ?
<kochira> (knh ng) y
<sochira> (//)
<achira> (//) kia
<dochira> (//)(nghi vn t) u, hng no ?
<kyoshitsu> phng hc
<shokudo> nh n, canteen
<jimusho> vn phng
<kaigishitsu> phng hp
<uketsuke> quy tip tn
<ROBI-> i snh (LOBBY)
<heya> cn phng
<TOIRE/ otearai> Toilet

 <kaidan> cu thang
<EREBE-TA-> thang my
<ESUKARE-TA-> thang cun
<(o)kuni> quc gia (nc)
<kaisha> cng ty
<uchi/ ie> nh
<denwa> in thoi
<kutsu> i giy
< NEKUTAI> Cravat ( neck tie)
<WAIN> ru ty (wine)
<tabako> thuc l
<uriba> gian hng
<chika> tng hm
<ikkai> tng 1
<nankai> (nghi vn t) tng my ?
<~en> ~ yn (tin t Nht bn)
<ikura> (nghi vn t) Bao nhiu (hi gi c) ?
<hyaku> trm
<sen> ngn
<man> vn (10 ngn)
<sumimasen> xin li
<(~o) misete kudasai> xin cho xem ~
~<ja (~o) kudasai> vy th, xin cho ti (ti ly) ci ~
<shin oosaka> tn a danh Nht
<ITARIA>
<SUISU> Thu S
II. Ng php
<koko>/ <soko> / <asoko> + _____
- ngha: y l/ l/kia l _____
- Cch dng dng gii thiu, ch cho ai mt ni no
- VD:
+ Koko wa uketsuke desu. (y l bn tip tn)
_____ + <koko>/ <soko> / <asoko> + <_____ wa
koko/ soko/ asoko desu>

 <asoko>
- ngha: _____ l y//kia.
- Cch dng: dng ch r a im no u hoc mt ngi no u. Thng
c dng ch cho ai mt ni no hoc ngi no .
- VD:
+ Satou san wa soko desu. < anh Satou >
+ Shokudou wa ashoko desu. < Nh n kia>
______

<_____wa doko desuka.>

- ngha: _____ u?
- Cch dng: dng hi ni chn hoc a im ca mt ngi no u.
- VD:
+ Koko wa doko desu ka? (y l u?)
+ ROBI- wa doko desu ka? (i snh u?)
+ SANTOSU-san wa doko desu ka? ( Anh SANTOSE u?)
+ SANTOSU-san wa kaigijitsu desu. ( Anh SANTOSE phng hp)
_____ + <kochira>/ <sochira>/ <achira> +

- ngha: _____ l y//kia (nu dng ch ngi th c ngha l V ny//kia)

- Cch dng: Tng t vi cch hi a im, ni chn, ngi trn. Nhng n c dng
th hin s lch thip, cung knh i vi ngi ang nghe. Ngha gc ca cc t ny ln
lt l (Hng ny//kia)
- VD:
+ Kaigijitsu wa achira desu. (phng hp ng kia )
+ Kochira wa Take Yama-sama desu. (y l ngi Take Yama)
_____

?<_____ wa dochira desu ka?>

- ngha: _____ u? (nu dng cho ngi th l : ____ l v no?)

- Cch dng: y l cu hi lch s cung knh ca cch hi thng thng.
- VD:
+ ROBI- wa dochira desu ka? (i snh hng no ?)
+ Take Yama-sama wa dochira desu ka? (ngi Take Yama l v no ?)
______ ?<_____ wa doko no desu ka?>
______ <_____wa ~ no desu>
- ngha: _____ ca nc no vy?
______ l ca nc ~
- Cch dng: y l cu trc dng hi xut x ca mt mn . V trong cu tr li, ta
c th thay i ch ng (l mn thnh cc t nh <kore> <sore> v <are> a ra ng
trc tr t WA v
i t thay th vo v tr sau tr t NO th s hay hn, hoc ta c th b hn lun ci t

 i cho cu ngn gn).

- VD:
+ Kono tokei wa doko no desu ka? (ci ng h ny l ca nc no?)
+ Sore wa SUISU no (tokei) desu. ( l ng h Thu S)
_____
_____

? < _____ wa nankai desu ka?>

<______wa ~kai/~gai desu>

- ngha: ______ tng my?

______ tng ~.
- Cch dng: y l cu hi a m ca mt ni no tng th my.
- VD:
+ RESUTORAN wa nankai desu ka? (nh hng tng my?)
+ RESUTORAN wa gokai desu. (nh hng tng nm)
_____ ? ( _____ wa ikura desu ka?)
______ (_____wa ~ desu)[/COLOR]
- ngha: ______ gi bao nhiu?
_____ gi ~
- Cch dng: Dng hi gi mt mn .
- VD:
+ Kono empitsu wa ikura desu ka? (ci bt ch ny gi bao nhiu?)
+ Sore wa hyaku gojuu en desu. (ci gi 150 yn)

Phn Ph:
< nankai desu ka ?> Tng my ?
< ikkai> tng 1
<nikai> tng 2
<sangai> tng 3
<yonkai> tng 4
< gokai> tng 5
<rokkai> tng 6
<nanakai> tng 7
<hakkai> tng 8
<kyuukai> tng 9
<juukai> tng 10
Cc tng sau cng m tng t v cc s c bit cng c p dng cho cc tng cao
hn
+ V d:
tng 11 : jyuu-ikkai, tng 13: jyuu-sangai

Sayounara !