-,

-
22000

-
-2006

 - (, , 1997)
- (, , 1999)

494.361321-dc21
AZE
-, - .
, -, 2006, 288 .

ISBN10
9952-34-006-0
ISBN13 978-9952-34-006-8
-, 2006


. .

~ () :
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; ~
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1) ,; 2) ().
,
( ) :
1. ; 2. .
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(:) ~ :
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(), (), ().
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, ().
w ().
() ,
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w, w .
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5



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66

.
.
.
.
.
.
.

a.
a.
a.
b.
c.
c.
e.
e.
m.
m.
m.
.
.
.
.
.
.

Aa

Bb

Cc

Dd

Ee

Gg

Hh

Xx

Ii

Jj

Kk

Qq

Ll

Mm

Nn

Oo

Pp

Rr

Ss

Tt

Uu

1) prosperous; 2) flourishing; ~
become flourishing; ~ provide
amenities; ~ construction work;
h ~ city improvement.
lamp-shade.
monument.
( ) university entrant, applicant.
light blue.
1) shame; 2) honour; 3) self-respect; ~
decent; ~ shameless, indecent, impudent.
subscription;
~ library loan.
absolute; ~ absolutism.
subscription; ~ subscriber; ~
subscribe to; ~ terms of subscription.
hungry; ~ feel hungry; grow / get
hungry; I'm hungry; ~-~
without having a meal; ~ on an
empty stomach; ~ die of starvation; .
The hungry hen dreams she is in the barley barn.
incapable; weak, poor; humble; ~
be incapable; be unable of.
bitter, sharp; hot (); .
~ take pity on.
spite; anger; ~ from malice, out of
spite; ~() feel bitter
towards smb; ~ settle account
with smb. . I
can't bear him. , . When
angry count a hundred.
malicious; spiteful.
pitiable, pitiful; ~
look wretched; ~ h miserable life.
1) () mean; greedy (for), avaricious; 2) voracious, insatiable; eat greedily.
hunger; starvation; ~
hunger-strike; ~ starve; ~
go on hunger-strike.
be hungry, feel hungry.
key; ~ keyhole; ~la balamaq lock.

1) open ( ); 2) uncovered
( ); 3) clear (); 4) ~
cloudless sky; ~ light colour; ~~ openly, clearly; ~ bare-headed;
~ open to the public; ~
high sea; ~ public meeting; ~
low-necked dress; ~ generous; ~
open-hearted; ~ open
ballot, vote by show of hands; ~ weak
tea; ~ open space; ~ h open air; ~
h direct backing; ~
overt hostility; open enmity; ~ wideawake, cunning; ~ declare
open; ~ declare openly.
opening, inauguration ( ).
|| 1) open, be opened; 9-
~ the shop opens at nine; ~. The
meeting was declared open; 2) come out,
be revealed (); 3) open, blossom ();
4) clear up (h); 5) come unfastened
(); h ~. Morning came; ~ the rifle fired; ~
1)recover one's sight; 2) . be enlighted; ~ be glad; ~ Heart
fills with joy.
1) ( ) open; 2) unfurl;
3) turn on; ~ turn on the tap; 4) untie
(); 5) unbutton (); 6) unpack
(); 7) untwist (); 8) roll
out (); ~ unveil a monument;
~ create difficulty (for); ~ begin a discussion; ~ open
a meeting; . ~ strike a lode;
find / discover a deposit; ~ open the
way (for); ~ start a new
business, launch a new enterprise;
~ reveal a secret; . Let the cat out of
the bag; ~ lay bare one's heart;
h ~ open an account; ~ ask for
alms; ~ begin to speak ();
~ declare one's love; ~ lay the table.
1) name; reputation; 2) title (, .); 3) rank, degree; ~ academic rank; ~ () get a degree;
~ name; ~ make a
name for oneself; ~ above mentioned; ~ on behalf of, in the name of;
~ acquire a worldwide
reputation; () ~ have a
9


good/bad name; ~- glory, fame, reputation; ~- a well-known man;
~ nameless; ~ ringfinger.
island; ~ peninsula.
man, human being, person; ~ per
man; ~ make a man; bring up;
~ in a human manner, in the proper
way; ~ without help.
fiance (); fiance ().
of the same name, namesake.
step, pace; ~ step, walk; take
the step, ~-~ step by step, gradually; ~
at every step, frequently; h ~ wrong
step; ~ a step away; quite near.
custom, habit; ~ make habit, get
accustomed; ~ as usual, habitually.
usually.
1) ordinary; 2) simple (); 3) plain.
just, fair.
name, call.
: . ~ h nominal case.
address.
airfield, aerodrome.
airport.
! bravo! Well done!
Athens.
Africa; ~ African.
agent.
agency; office; bureau;
~ news / press agency;
Associated Press Agency;
Agency Reuter;
Agence France Presse.
secret / intelligence service.
1. . white; ~ extremely white;
~ barefaced / downright lie; ~
white bread; ~ turnip; ~ white
mulberry; . He
lives long that lives well. 2. . white
().
lord, master; gentleman;
. Every dog is a lion at
home.
1. . 1) tree; 2) wood, timber (
); 2. . wooden; ~ charcoal; ~ timber industry.
wood-pecker.
1) supremacy; 2) domination, rule;
~ dominate (over); rule (over);
command.
10

h
|| become white; ~ the
dawn is breaking.
whitewash (h); whiten,
clean; ~ do honour
to smb.
white-faced.
old woman.
. birch, maple.
reason, wisdom, intelligence; sense;
come to one's senses; come to one's mind.
clever, intelligent, reasonable.
. A close mouth catches no flies.
stupid, unreasonable; ~ stupidity;
. Four eyes see
more than two. , . Wisdom is not attained with years
but by ability.
1) heavy, weighty (); 2) serious;
~ severe illness; ~ severe
punishment.
1) become heavier ();
2) become more difficult ();
3) put on weight (kklmk); become
aggravated ().
1) weight (); 2) heaviness; 3) load;
~ qaldrma weight-lifting.
1) mouth; 2) edge ();
gape with astonishment; - ~
become a matter of common talk;
. ~ give vent to one's feelings; ~ mention; ~
one cannot eat it; one cannot say it.
cry, weep; - ~ weep bitterly; .
A child that does not cry is not nursed.
pain, ache; sore; ~ headache;
~ toothache;~ without pain; painless.
|| ache, hurt; bam ~yr I have a
headache; boazm ~ yr I have a sore
throat.
cause pain, hurt.
embrace; hug; ~ embrace.
h 1) . h; 2) sigh; ~ sigh (); ~- 1) moan, groan;
2) complain bitterly.
h accord, harmony; ~ the law
of vowel harmony in Azerbaijani.

h
h harmonious.
h gazelle.
flow; current; stream; ~ qar against
the stream; ~ o go with the
stream.
1. 1) end; ending, close; ~
come to an end, draw to a close; ~ in
the nd, after all; ~ at the end (of); ~
to the end/last; 2) death; ~
. His end is coming. He is dying. 2. c
last; ~ at the last moment; ~ lately; , . Here you
are at last.
1) last; latter; ~ the last time;
2) final; ~ the final chapter.
the next world.
I 1. fool, idiot, block-head; ~ make a fool (of);
~ pretend to be fool.
! Don't be silly / a fool. 2. c
foolish, stupid, silly.
II flow, run (, ); pour down;
~ have a running nose;
~ bleed; . The time
passes quickly. .
The sweat is pouring down his face.
1) foolishness, stupidity; 2) foolish action; ~ elm! Don't play fool! Stop
that nonsense!
lame; limping.
lameness.
limp; ~ be lame in
the right leg.
search; research (); investigation; ~ () conduct a search;
~ Criminal Investigation
Department.
look for; seek; search; ? What are you looking for?
evening; ~ tonight; ~ in the
evening; ~ ! Good evening.
referring (to); concerning; belonging;
~ belong to; concern ( );
XV . The manuscript is believed to date from the 15th
century.
family; ~ family, home; ~ h homelife; ~ the Aghayevs.
l married.

academician.
ae academy; college (h, ).
. acacia.
a letter of credit.
share; ~ shares are rising;
~ shares are falling.
1. share-holder; stockholder; 2. c
joint-stock; ~ joint-stock
company.
(, ) contract, treaty; ~ instrument of surrender; ~ legislative act, enactment.
active.
actor; ~ the art of acting;
~ h cast.
actual; urgent, pressing; topical ( ); ~ topical international issues.
end.
agrarian; ~- agrarian-industrial; ~- agrarian-industry
association.
agronomist.
agrotechnics.
ruddy, red; ~ rosy cheeks; ~ red banner; ~ dark red, scarlet.
somehow, just anyhow.
particoloured, many-coloured;
~ gay colours.
half-cooked; half-baked ();
half-done ().
grey-eyed.
. weed; ~ weeds.
1) dawn, daybreak (h ); dusk, twilight ( ); 2) poorly
lighted ( ).
unfinished, half-done.
half-ripened, unripe.
morello cherry, cherry.
Albanian; ~ Albany.
alycha, cherry-plum.
I 1) rascal, villain (); mean (, ).
II low (, ); short ().
humiliation, abasement.
abase oneself, humble.
1) humiliate; 2) lower ().
deceive, cheat; swindle (); tempt ( ).
11


world; universe; ~ literary
world; ~ scientific circles; .
~ vegetable world; h ~ animal
kingdom.
1) tool, instrument; 2) . apparatus.
buyer, customer, purchaser.
forehead; ~ fate, destiny; ~
faultless; with an easy conscience.
I set on fire ( );
~ strike a match.
II train; ~ train to discipline; h ~ acclimatise to the
surroundings.
1. cigarette lighter; 2. c imflammable ().
I catch fire ( ).
II get accustomed, be used (
).
- .
high, supreme (, ); ~ h
Supreme Court; ~ h higher education;
~ Higher School, University.
noble, generous; ~ nobleness.
learned man, scientist ( );
scholar (hp ).
alcohol; ~ hard drinks,
strong drinks; ~ soft drinks,
non-alcoholic drinks.
alcoholism; dipsomania.
applause; ~ stormy applause;
roars of applause.
applaud.
h God, Allah; ~ -~ Good God; ~
God knows; ~ God forbid! ~ for God's sake; h My God.
apple; ~ apple-tree.
: ~ cheek-bone.
1) buy ( ); 2) obtain (
); 3) get, receive ( .);
4) take (h); ~ take lessons;
~ marry; ~ breathe;
~ take bribes; 5) ( ) conquer;
occupy, capture .
German; ~ Germany; ~ the
German Language.
literary miscellany.
flame.
catch fire, burst into flame; .
get excited (h, h).
12

set on fire; mc. excite.

flamy, fiery; ~ fiery glance; ~
fervent speech; ~ h ardent
love.
lower part; underpart, underside; ~ lower floor; ~ underwear;
~-~ secretly, in an underhand way;
~ under; ~ - turn topsyturvy.
alternative.
six; ~ the sixth.
sixty; ~ the sixtieth.
trade, commerce (); ~
1) trade, speculate ( ); deal;
2) bargain ( );
~ deal in industrial goods.
dealer, tradesman ().
pardon, mercy; ~ pitiless, without
mercy; ~ ruthless enemy; ~ give the enemy no
quarter; .
A fault confessed is half redressed.
America; ~ American; ~ () The United States of
America (the USA).
but.
moment, instant; bu ~ at the moment; bir
~da in a moment; in a flash; bir ~ for a
moment.
mother; ~- parents; ~
mothers of large families; ~ motherland; ~ native land; ~ maternity; ~ mother-in-law; ~ stepmother.
1) born, inborn, innate; ~
a born poet; ~ innate talent;
2) naked ().
analytical; ~ analytical
thinking; ~ analytical philosohpy.
analysis; ~ blood-test.
I maternity; motherhood.
II stepmother ( ).
g analogy; ~ aparmaq draw an
analogy (with).
analogue; ~
unique in world practice.
pine-apple.
anatomist.
anatomy.


storehouse, warehouse; h ~
ammunition depot.
only, but.
oath; swear; ~ swear; take an
oath; ~ break one's oath.
sudden; instant, momentary.
questionnaire, form; ~
fill in a questionnaire / form.
bray.
|| understand; realize; ~
explain, make smb. understand.
unreasonable; slow-witted, dull.
understanding, coprehension; ar ~ mutual understanding.
vague, unclear.
misunderstanding.
remember, recall.
anomaly.
abnormal.
ensemble; h ~ Song
and Dance Company.
aerial, antenna.
anti; ~- anti-democratic;
~- anti-Semit; ~ anti-fascist.
ancient.
I apparatus (h).
II machinery, bodies ( h);
~ state machinery.
apparatus, equipment.
1. 1) leader (hp), chief;
2) announcer, compere (); 2. c
1) leading (, ); 2) key, main ();
~ main forces; ~ h key industries.
1) carry (); 2) (h
) direct, conduct, lead; ~ conduct a lesson; ~ run a business; ~ struggle; ~ be engaged in
scientific work; h ~ wage war;
h ~ have a talk; ~ carry on
negotiations; 3) take ( );
~ take the child to a doctor;
~ take time; ~ remove a stain;
~ fall asleep; ~ bleed; ~ be taken
away with thoughts; ~ drive mad;
charm (h ); - ~ bore
smb. by talking much.
appendicitis.
April.

chemist's (shop); . drug-store.

1) interval, space of place or time, distance; 2) relation, understanding between
persons; ~ pause; have a break;
~ , ~ make people
quarrel with one another; ~ liquidate, do away with; ~
break off relations; ~ be stopped;
~ rumour (-). ~
. We are on good terms;
. I don't like him.
. I don't care for tea. ~ continuously, without pause;
~ three hours running;
~ between / among them; ~-
now and then; rarely; sometimes; ~ act as a mediator.
carriage; cart; car; pram (
); ~ coachman, cart-man.
.
research, investigation; ~ search;
~ search into, investigate.
continuation; ~ to be continued;
~ after; - ~ one after
another; h ~
send for the doctor; ~-
continuously.
systematic; successive, consequent;
~ succession, sequence; ~ in succession.
lease; ~ lease holder; leaser; lessee; ~ , ~ rent; ~
! () for rent.
1) back part; 2) rear (h); ~,
~ behind, at the back; ~ at
the table; ~-~ one after the other; ~
go after (in persuit); chase; ~
he can't be downed; he has
powerful backers; ~ be cut
off/ terminated; come to an end; . ~
have a backer; ~
support, protect; ~ lie
on one's back.
archaic.
archaism.
assured; sure, confident; ~
assure, make smb. believe; ~ be
sure; ~ ! Be sure.
become calm; lull oneself.
13


rely (on), trust.
|| archaeology; ~ archaeologist; ~j archaeologic.
1. . 1) archives (); 2) registery; 3) () archives; 2. c. archival;
~ Record Office.
bee ( ); wasp; ~ pure honey;
~ beehive; ~ bee-keeping.
thin, lean.
get thin, grow thin, lose weight.
wise; intelligent; witty; ~ skilfully,
cleverly; . A word
is enough to the wise.
pear; ~ pear-shaped glass.
barley.
Turkish yard (about 70 cm).
I 1. () rest; remnant; 2.
more; over; ~ more than two;
~. He is over forty.
h . Grasp all, lose all.
II already; no longer, any more; ~ It's already late; ~
I'm no longer a child.
growth (), increase
(), rise (h h).
|| add, increase; raise; ~
improvement of professional skill.
actor, actress (); ~ ballet
dancer; ~ opera singer; ~ film
/ movie actor; ~ variety actor.
1. wife ( ); woman
(); ~ marry; ~ housewife;
2. c woman's, womanly; ~ womanly figure.
one who runs after women.
wish, desire, zeal; dream; ~
dreams of youth; ~ undesirable.
wish, desire; dream.
easy; light; ~ easily.
peace; security; quiet; ~ public order; ~ establish order; ~
break the peace.
asphalt; asphalt highway; ~
asphalt; cover with asphalt.
dependent; ~ depend (on); ~
dependence.
1) hang; be hanged ( );
2) be suspended.
Asia.
14

sneeze.
1) lion; 2) . brave man.
suspended; pendant; ~ padlock; ~
suspension bridge.
hang; suspend.
aspect.
postgraduate student; ~ postgraduate courses.
association.
1. slow; low (); 2. slowly ( ); in a low voice ( ); ~-~
slowly, gently.
threshold, doorway.
lining, undercoat; ~ (,
) line; ~ h. The
game is not worth the candle; , ~ . If you give him an inch
he will take an ell.
asthma.
spaceman, astronaut.
astronomer; ~ astronomy.
at rest, tranquil; ~ leisure, spare
time.
down, below; ~ upside-down,
topsy-turvy.
underneath, below; downstairs
( ).
ministrel.
1) throw over, cling over (); - ~ cross one's
legs; 2) turn over (); 3) gobble
(up) ( ).
lover; ~ be in love, fall in love
with.
clear, evident; ~ , ~
make known, lay bare, discover; ~ appear, come to light; ~ be /
become evident; -~ clearly, evidently.
publicity; ~ make things
clear.
1) get over, climb over (h); .
~ clear obstacles; 2) turn over
(); h ~ go beyond all bounds;
~ be overwhelmed with work,
have much work to do.
cook; ~ head cook; ~
cookery-book.
colander.


horse; ~ mount a horse; ~ ride a horse; ~ horse power;
. It is a good horse
that never stumbles.
. Never look a gift
horse in the mouth.
father; ~- parents; ~- ancestors; ~ father-in-law; ~
proverb; ~ stepfather; ~ family house; ~ inheritance;
. Many a good father hath
but a bad son.
1) () adopted father; 2) paternity,
fatherhood.
1) fire, flame (); h ~ passion of love; ~ fire-worshipper;
2) () fire; ~ fire, shoot (at);
~ salute; ~ arms fire, rifle
fire; ~ practice shooting.
1) jump, leap, spring; 2) throw oneself (on, upon; at).
. atlas.
satin.
athlete; ~ athletic.
athletics; ~ track and fields
athletics; ~ weight-lifting.
rider, horseman.
1) throw, cast, fling, hurl; ~
cast/drop anchor; 2) () give up;
~ give up smoking; r ~ give
up /drop studies; 3) ( ) abandon,
leave; ~ abandon one's family;
~ grow mouldy; ~ take root; ~
tease, hurt; ~ slander; ~ strive (for);
~ deny; ~ fire a rifle.
atmosphere, climate.
1. atom; 2. c atomic, nuclear; ~ atomic bomb, A-bomb; ~
atomic energy; ~ atomic vessel;
~ h atomic war; ~
nuclear power station.
attache.
certificate; ~ school-leaving
certificate.
() certification.
lecture hall.
auction; ~ sell by auction.
1) furniture (); 2) equipment
().

illiterate, ignorant.
1) vanguard, van; 2) ()
avant-garde.
|| adventure; ~ adventurer.
oar; paddle (); ~ row,
paddle.
vagabond; good-for-nothing; out of
work ().
idle, loaf.
vagrancy; idleness.
1) accident ( h); 2) crash
(); 3) breakdown (); ~
meet with an accident, have an
accident.
aviation, aircraft; h ~ air force;
~ fighter aviation; ~ civil air
fleet; ~ transport aircraft;
~ air line; air way; air company.
Europe; ~ European.
Australia; ~ Australian.
Austria; ~ Austrian.
bus; ~ take a bus; get on
a bus; ~ get off a bus; ~
getmk go by bus.
1) automation; slot machine; 2) submachine gun (h); ~ automatic; ~
automatic (production) lines.
automation, automatization;
h ~ automation of production /operations processes; h
~ all-round / comprehensive
/ intergrated automation of production.
car; ~ lorry; . truck;
Traffic inspection.
self-portrait.
motor rally.
abstract, synopsis of the thesis.
authoritarian.
1) (h) authority; prestige;
2) authority ( ).
1) ( ) moon; 2) month ( 1/12
); ~ a beauty; ~-
very rarely; ~ clear night, moonlit
night.
foot; ~ afoot, by walking; ~
be trodden under foot; ~
set foot in a place; . ~ insist ( ); ~ give
up going somewhere; come of one's own accord; ~()
15


instigate, arouse ();
~() rise to one's feet, stand
up; . ~() implore someone for mercy; ~()
prevent someone from going
somewhere; ~ in haste; ~ , . Lies have short legs.
lavatory, water-closet.
footwear; shoes, boots; h ~ high-heeled shoes.
trample on.
keep in step.
barefooted; ~ walk barefoot.
chill; ~ It's chilly.
1) bright, clear (); 2) lucid, distinct ( ); ~! I wish
you joy!
light; clearness, brightness; ~
() pay a visit of congratulation.
make clear, clarify.
bear; ~ polar bear.
. bear dock.
.
1) wide awake (); ~ sleep
light; 2) sober ( ); 3)aware;
informed, vigilant.
soberness.
1)wake up (); 2) sober up
(); 3) come to one's sense
( ).
: ~ 1) understand ( ); 2) distinguish (); 3) go
into, clear out ().
1) separate; set apart; 2) distinguish
(); 3) divorce ();
I can't take
my eyes off.
monthly.
mirror; looking-glass.
: Red
Crescent.
ayran (a drink made of yoghourt and
water).
1) () separated, apart, isolated; 2)
() another, other, different; ~
in another way; ~ the other; ~-~
live separately; ~- discriminate; differentiate; ~ separately, apart.
16

1) () difference; ~() differene of opinion; 2) separation (from);

living apart; 3) parting ().
1) part, be separated; 2) be divorced
(from) ().
1) inseparable, individed ();
2) component ( h).
little, few; insignificant; ~-~ seldom;
gradually; little by little; ~ very little;
~ a little; ~ almost, nearly; ~-
more or less; certain number; ~ in
a while, soon.
free; ~ liberate, free; h
~ set free, release; discharge; ~
liberation, emancipation ( .).
1) freedom; liberty; 2) liberation;
~() emancipation of women; ~() freedom of the press;
~() liberty of conscience; ~ h
liberation movement.
diminish, be reduced; abate ();
drop (); go down (); grow less
(h).
1)diminish, reduce; 2) slow down
(); 3) cut down ().
lead astray.
Azerbaijan; ~ Azerbaijani;
~ Azerbaijanian.
1) unbridled, ungovernable; 2) brutal,
wild; ferocious.
fly into a rage.
violence; ~ become like an
animal; fly into a rage.
1) scarcity, paucity; 2) minority ().
food-stuffs.

grandfather; ~ Father Frost;

Santa Claus.
chimney.
brother-in-law.
ability.
capable, skilful.
clumsy, uncapable.


be able; can; The child can read.
sister; ~ nurse, medical nurse;
~ niece; ~ nephew.
1) stepsister ( ); 2) (
) a bosom girl-friend.
almond; ~ almond-shaped.
. tonsil.
wine-glass.
egg-plant; aubergine; ~
stuffed aubergine; ~ aubergine
paste; ~ () dark violet.
I 1) . bonds, ties (); 2) lace;
~ shoe-lace.
II garden, orchard; ~ vineyard;
~ orchard; ( ) cottage, summer-house; ~ ~ , success depends upon
effort.
tortoise.
garden; ~ kindergarten.
gardening.
1) liver; 2) . bosom, heart; ~
frighten to death; ~
embrace.
shout, yell; cry out; -
~ shout loudly; yell at the top of the voice.
. intestine; gut; ~ large
intestine; ~ appendix.
shouting, yelling.
|| 1) (h) present; 2) forgive,
pardon (h); ~ I beg your pardon;
excuse me; ~ unpardonable, unexcusable.
parcel, package.
1) bind, tie; fasten (,
); knot (); 2) close, shut,
lock (); ! Shut the
door! ~ turn off the tap; 3) close
down (; ); ~ bandage
a wound; ~ set one's heart
on smb.; lose one's heart to smb.
. conjunction.
1) bound, tied; closed; locked ();
~ secret session, closed meeting (for
members only); ~ highnecked dress; 2) attached(); 3) () related, connected with; ~
be connected with; be bound up with.

h high-priced, dear, expensive;

~ - at whatever cost; ~
be very expensive; . pay
dearly (for); ~ expensive, valuable.
h rise in price, get more expensive.
h spring.
I care (for); ~ well-groomed; ~
neglected.
II point of view; ~ from this
point of view.
1) look (at); gaze, stare ();
peer ( ); 2) look through
( , ); 3) see (); watch ();
~ 1) ( ) examine a
patient; 2) ( ) look after; take
care; ~ tell fortune; ! Look
here!
though, although.
bacterium.
bacteriological.
bacteriologist.
grocer; ~ grocer's; ~
groceries.
honey; ~ (-) very clean;
as neat as a new pin; ,
~ a well-to-do man; ~ honeybee; ~ beehive; ~ honeycomb.
baby, child; ~ bear-cub; ~
nestling; ~ puppy, ~ kitten;
~ elephant-calf; ~ hatch.
little, small, tiny; ~ slight, a bit,
a little.
balance; ~ strike a balance.
pumpkin.
calf; ~ tibia, shinbone.
sister-in-law.
rina ballet dancer.
ballet.
fish; ~ cod-liver oil; ~
tinned/canned fish; ~ fresh-water
fish; ~ / fish bone; ~ fishing; ~ go fishing; ~
fishmonger; ~ fish; ~
. The fish begins to stink at the
head;
. He who would catch fish must not
mind getting wet.
17


fisherman.
fish-breeding.
pillow; ~ pillow case.
whale.
axe; ~ helve;
. Never hit a man when he is
down.
cut down with an axe; ()
fell, hew; hack, chop (); . demolish; cut away.
banana.
bandit; gangster; . cutthroat (
); ~ gang of thugs.
gangsterism, thuggery.
builder, founder (), foundress ().
bank; ~a deposit money
at a bank.
1) jar, pot ( .); tin (); 2) . cupping-glass; ~
apply cupping-glass.
crow.
fruit; ~ bear fruit.
jug, jar.
armistice; truce ( );
~ conclude a truce / armistice.
1) make up a quarrel; 2)reconcile
(with) ().
finger (); toe ();
~ thumb; h ~() forefinger;
~ middle finger; ~ ringfinger;
~ little finger; ~ finger-print; ~()
cheat, dupe; ~()
know smth. like the back of one's
hand.
barricade.
1) bury ( ); 2) plant
(, ).
1) attack, assault; h ~ armed
attack; ~ repulse an attack;
2) robbery (); ~ robber.
1) press, push (); stamp
(h); 2) ( ) knock
down, run over; ~ be flooded; overflow;
~ sweat; . ~ 1) insist (
); 2) set a foot.
1) head; 2) top; 3) chief; ~
bring trouble upon oneself; ~
from head to foot; ~
headache; ~ I have a headache;
18

I
~ rise revolt; ~
() dive; ~ use one's brains;
~ go to see, visit; ~ bow;
~ h go mad; ~
set smb. in the right way; ~
understand; ~ explain;
~ ! very good; with pleasure, .K.;
~ happen, occur; ~ Prime
Minister; ~ a clever man; ~
stupid, empty headed; ~
suffer for one's mistake; ~
feel giddy; ~ play a trick
on smb.; ~ leave some
place forever; ~
repent bitterly; ~ think hard,
ponder on; ~ head-splitting; ~
wilful; ~ consul general; ~ r general manager; ~
Procurator General; ~ general line; ~
Secretary General; ~
commander-in-chief; ~ h headquarters; ~ cabbage-head; ~ h
capital letter; . ~ main close;
~ thumb; ~ h head physician; ~ editor-in-chief;
. What cannot be cured
must be endured.
leader, head; chief.
leadership; ~() under the
leadership; ~ be at the head, head.
1) other, another; ~ another one;
2) different (); ~ the rest, the
others; ~ somebody else; ~ in
other words; ~ look differently upon; ~ utterly different.
begin, start.
beginning.
|| shoe, slipper; ~ slippers.
bog, marsh.
1) sunken (); 2) dent (
); 3) hoarse ().
I 1) sink (), drown ();
2) thrust ().
II () soil, make dirty.
I 1) sink, go to the bottom ();
drown (); 2) set ();
sunset; - ~ sweat profusely; 3) ~ become hoarse; 4)
~ become deaf; ~ stick in the mud.

 II
II () become dirty, soil.
shallow (); banal; cheap (); ~ talk commonplace;
~ vulgarize.
not long ago; ~ for a long time;
~ recent.
outside, outdoors.
owl.
flag, banner (); standard,
colours (, ).
holiday; ~ celebrate; ~
festively.
veterinary surgeon,vet.
1) base, basis; source; h ~ military
base; ~ economic basis;
~ material resources; ~ raw
material base; ~ give good
grounds (for); 2) centre ().
I market, bazaar; market place; ~
do the shopping; ~ go
shopping.
II Sunday; ~ Monday.
. basis; ~ economic basis.
arm, upper-arm; ~ armlet.
. hippopotamus.
h advance money; deposit; ~ leave
a deposit.
I 1) waist (); loins (); 2) .
spine; ~ backbone, vertebral column; ~ backache; ~ on
horseback; ~ rely upon, trust.
II spade; gardener's fork.
dig with a spade.
Belgium; ~ Belgian.
such, similar to this; so, thus, in this
way; ~ if so, in that case; ~ 1) in
this manner ( ); 2) so, thus.
Byelorussian; ~ Byelorussia.
benzine, petrol ( ); .
gasolene, gas; ~
petrol / gas filling station; . gasolene
station; ~ gasolene-tank.
five; ~ (the) fifth.
cradle.
concrete.
brain; ~ spinal cord; ~
realize, become clear; ~ din into smb's brain; ~
fly into a rage; . ~
cerebral disease; ~ brain tumour.

international; ~ international community; ~ international instrumentalities; ~ international law; ~ international friction; ~ h international
treaty law.
international; ~ internationalist; ~ internationalism.
couplet, verse.
cotton material; coarse calico.
|| be bored (with), be sick (of); ~ be oppressed by loneliness;
~ bore; pester (h ).
: pupil of the eye.
leopard (), leopardess ().
unhappy, miserable, unfortunate;
~ be / become unhappy / unfortunate; have a bad luck.
unhappiness, misfortune; disaster; ~(j) meet with disaster; get into trouble; ~ unfortunately.
pessimistic; ~ pessimist; ~
pessimism.
body; ~ physical injury; ~
corporal punishment; ~
physical training, ( ) physical education.
literary; relating to arts; ~
belles-lettres; fiction; ~ amateur art, amateur activities; ~ image;
~ artistic education; ~
graphic description; ~ feature film.
h pretext, excuse; ~ under the pretext of.
h 1) deal (with); ~ deal
with history; 2) compete ().
fate; luck, fortune; good luck, destiny;
~ be successful, be in luck; ~
unlucky; ~ have a bad
luck.
v lucky man / woman.
trouble; misfortune, calamity, grief; ~
get into trouble; ~ avoid misfortune; ~ social
evil; ~ bring disaster (upn);
... the trouble is
that...; ~ ill-fated; ~
ask for a trouble; get into difficulty with one's eyes open;
19


. Misfortunes give no
warning.
familiar; ~ be acquainted /
familiar (with).
guide; conductor (); ~
guide, show the way (to), act as a
guide.
municipality; ~ municipal administration.
swaddling clothes.
swaddle.
yes.
may be; perhaps.
1) . joint; 2) () dam; 3) ()
point, item; ~ ( )
build a dam; ~ 1) hitch, tie (to)
(); 2) make smb. love; ~
1) be tied; 2) fall in love.
mason, bricklayer; ~ build.
violet; ~ violet.
. .
unique; having no equal.
1. c. equal; ~ h equal in
rights; 2. . 1) together ( ); 2)
equally; ~ at the same time,
nevertheless.
equality.
1) justification (h );
~ justify; 2) rehabilitation;
~ rehabilitate; ~ be
rehabilitated.
ruined, destroyed; ~ ruin,
destroy.
barber ( ); hairdresser
( ); ~ barber's (shop);
hairdresser's ( ).
ferry-boat; ~ ferryman.
|| abundant, rich, fertile ();
~ productive year; ~ infertile, barren.
() goggle (at), stare with
bulging eyes.
1. . here (); ~ come here;
~ beforehand; 2. . since;
~ since last year.
1. c. hard; solid (); stiff ();
~ hard ground; ~
hard-boiled egg; ~ strong heat; 2. .
1) hard; ~ work hard; 2) fast,
quickly (); ~ sleep soundly; ~ aloud, loudly.
20

1) harden, get harder; be thickened (); 2) get hard / strong (,

); 3) become tempered ().
fasten.
restoration, reconstruction; ~
restoration work; ~ restore, rebuild.
I enough, sufficient; . Stop it!
Enough! ~ . That'll do.
II and ( ); ~ ? and
you? ( ) ~
? Don't you know?
feed, breed; raise, bring up;
~ hate; have (an) aversion (for);
h ~ feel sympathy (for);
~ cherish / nourish hope.
composer.
compose.
human; ~ human history; ~
human problem.
humanity, mankind.
: declare, proclaim.
statement, declaration; ~
make a statement.
white; ~ Northern summer
nights, Polar days.
1)like ( );2)approve
(of); ~ choose a wife.
ornament, decoration; ~ decorated,
well-dressed ( ).
decorate, adorn.
1) adorn oneself; dress up; 2) be
decorated.
some; ~ 1) some of them; 2) some
people; ~ some of you.
knife; ~() penknife; ~
it can no longer be born.
moustache; whiskers (h).
: ~ disgrace, defame; put to
shame; ~ be disgraced; disgrace
oneself; ~ disgraceful, shameful; ~
shame, disgrace, infamy.
pepper.
aunt (father's sister); ~, ~, ~
cousin.
sly, cunning, dodgy; ~ dodger; ~
sly smile; ~-~ cunningly, slyly;
~ slyness, cunning; ~ pretend; simulate.
1. c. without help; unhappy; 2. . poor
fellow / boy / girl.


reaping, mowing; ~ reaping
time, harvest time; ~ reaper, reaping machine; mower.
1) mow (), reap (); 2) cut,
cut out ().
indifferent; ~ indifference.
1. c. direct; 2. . straight, directly.
last year, a year ago.
quail.
notification; h. summons; ~ (h) give smb. summons.
make known; notify; ~ signify one's consent; ~ enter
a protest.
1) ticket (;
); 2) ~ Party card;
~ student's pass; h ~ identity card;
~ booking-office; () boxoffice.
. wrist.
knowlege; ~ deep / profound
knowledge; ~ shallow knowledge;
~ learned.
billiards.
1) know; be aware; 2) ()
can, be able (to); ~ can speak;
~ be able to walk.
1) building; house; 2) () foundation; ~ lay the foundation.
biology.
1. one; 2. . the same (); ~ a few
( ), a little (
); 3. . together; ~ work
together; ~ once; ~ in
short; ~ and; h ~ nobody; h
~ nothing; ~ someone; ~ someone is waiting for you; ~-~ one
by one; ~-~ one with another, with each
other; ~-~ each other; ~ fivefold;
~ () single-seater; ~
single room; ~ single bed; ! Just stop!
! Do sit dwn; ,
. Once upon a time.
, straight, directly.
1) suddenly, all of a sudden; 2) suppose, what if; ~ ? Suppose he
learns. What if he learns? 3) at once; at
one sitting ( ); ~- sudden-

II
ly, all of a sudden, unexpectedly ().
joint, combined.
1) the first; ~ the first lesson,
lesson one; 2) primary; ~ of primary importance; ~ be the
first.
the first place; . ~()
world championship; ~ win
the championship.
stock-exchange; ~ stockbroker.
1) join, unite, combine; 2) connect (, .); 3) consolidate,
amalgamate ().
p 1) join, unite, come together; 2) be
consolidated, be amalgamated (); 3) dock ( h).
united;
United Nations Organization;
The United
States of America.
1) unity, community; ~()
community of interests; ~()
undermine unity; 2) association ().
together; ~ at the same
time.
h 1. . () strange, odd; 2. .
1) somehow, anyhow; 2) with difficulty
().
sponge cake.
cook; ~ boil; ~ bake
bread; ~ make jam.
impartial; neutral; ~ () abstain (from); ~ impartiality; neutrality.
finish; terminate; complete; bring
to an end; graduate (from) ( );
~ () kill.
join; glue (p); knit
together ( ).
join; stick (); knit
( ).
. plant; ~ grain plants;
~ cultivated plants;
~ wildling plants; ~ spring
plants; ~ vegetable kingdom; ~
vegetable oil.
I () grow.
II () end, come to an end;
be over.
21


.
. we; ~ our; ~ for us;
~ ours; ~, ~ us; .
Come to our place tonight.
bloc.
blockade; ~ blockade.
UN, UNO; United Nations Organization; ~ UN volunteers; ~
UN Secretary General; ~
h UN Headquarters.
I 1) throat; 2) neck ();
3) top (); ~ have a sore
throat; ~ shout oneself hoarse;
~ lose one's patience;
be bored to death; ~ have a
drink.
II . strait.
close (h), stuffy ().
() strangle; () suppress, keep down; ~ drown; (
) choke, suffocate;
cough is choking me.
() hoarse, husky.
be strangled (); be drowned
(); / ~ hoke
with laughter / anger; ~ suffocate
with the heat.
fight (h).
. boxing (); ~ boxer.
abundant, plentiful; ~ abundance,
plenty; ~ h rich harvest, heavy crop.
Bulgarian; ~ Bulgaria; ~
Bulgarian.
bomb; ~ atomic bomb.
bomb, bombard.
snow storm, storm.
1) debt; loan; ~ borrow; ~
run into debt; ~ lend;
2) duty, obligation; It is our duty; ~
be up to the ears in debt.
indebted; debtor; ~ 1)owe,
be indebted (to); 2) () be obliged (to);
tube, pipe; ~ water-pipe;
~ oil-pipe; . ~ gullet;
~ respiratory duct.
vegetable garden; kitchen garden; ~
gardener.
22

1) empty; inoccupied; vacant; 2) loose

(); ~ come to nothing, fail;
~-~ idle about; ~ waste time; ~ be empty;
be unoccupied; . I'm free
now; ~ leisure, spare time; ~
idle talk; ~ -~, ~ in vain; ~
completely empty.
1) become empty; 2) be loosened
(, ); 3) be unloaded ();
4) become free ().
1) empty; 2) loosen (,
); 3) unload (); unship ().
divorce; give a divorce.
get a divorce, be divorced.
botany; ~ botanical garden.
height; stature; ~ tall; ~ of
medium height; ~ short; ~
. The child is one metre in
height; ~ grow; ~ ! you
should be ashamed to do this at your age!
. dye ( ,
); paint; colour; ~ water colour;
~ oil-paint.
dye (, ); paint.
dye-house; colourman's shop.
boycott.
1) look round, look out (); 2) ( ) emerge,
appear.
. lengthwise; according
to its length; along; h ~ along the shore;
~ in the course of history.
neck; ~ bow the neck; .
submit, humiliate oneself; ~
admit; ~ refuse to do; ~
make smb. agree to do / agree;
h ~ put the blame on
smb.; ~ cut one's head.
1) grey (); 2) () rude, stern.
1) turn grey; 2) ( )
cheek.
insect, bug.
h crisis.
h slander, false accusation; calumny;
~ slander; ~ calumniator.
division; partition.
1) separate; divide; ~ divide
in two; 12- 3- ~ divide twelve by three;
2) share (, ).


indivisible.
distribute, share out.
divide up, share out.
r 1) . kidney; 2) kidneys ().
1) big, large; great; ~ h big/ large
city; ~ big boy; ~ high speed;
~ great scientist; ~ h the Great Patriotic War; ~ h capital letter; 2) grown-up (); (
) elder; ~ elder brother;
~ () the eldest; . ~
the Great Bear; ~ overwhelming majority; ~ great success, tremendous success.
1) grow, grow up; 2) ()
advance; get promotion; ~ rise in smb.'s esteem.
bellow.
blackberry.
1) bring up (); 2) enlarge
(, ); 3) magnify (
); 4) promote ().
( h) spoilage, rejects, defects.
|| brigade, team; ~ team leader.
diamond, brilliant.
pamphlet; brochure, booklet.
this; . these; ~ therefore, so;
~ from now on, henceforth;
~ this evening, tonight; ~nunla
bel at the same time.
1) corner; 2) . angle; 3) . home
().
1) thigh, hip; 2) ( ) ham.
branch; ~, -~
branch out; -~ branchy.
1) (- ) sidebord, cupboard; 2) ( ) refreshment room; canteen.
today; ~ of today, today's;
~ just for today.
wheat; ~ white bread.
steam; ~ steamer, steamboat.
evaporate.
buoquet, bunch (of flowers).
spring.
1) stir (); 2) shake ();
3) wag ().
1) (p) make smb. feel sick;
2) () pollute; () stir up.

turbid, muddy; ~ fish in troubled waters.

1) become turbid / muddy ();
2) ~ feel sick.
cloud; ~ cloudy, overcast; ~
cloudless, clear ().
here, hither; this place; ~ here; ~
this part of me; ~ here, to this place;
~ from here; ~ belonging to this
place; . I am a
stranger here.
1) ( ) admission; 2) ~ h finals; 3) ( .) edition;
~ evening edition.
1) let out (); let go ();
discharge (); 2) ( ) permit, allow; () let in; 3) (h) free,
release; ~ put up for sale;
~ launch a satellite.
sprain; I've
sprained my leg.
bourgeois; ~ bourgeoisie.
1) twist ( .); 2) screw ().
I 1. . curl (); 2. . curled ().
II drill, bore hole; ~ oil-derrick; ~ drilling technician.
I nose; ~ sniff; ~
blow one's nose; o
he has a running nose;
his nose is bleeding;
It completely spoilt my pleasure;
I'll make you
sorry for it; come too
close to someone;
right under one's nose;
not see an inch beyond one's
nose;
poke one's nose into others' affairs; put on airs; ~
nostril.
II . cape.
horn; ~ horned; ~ -
horned cattle.
order; command; ,
please sit down; ! This way please. ? I
beg your pardon, what did you say?
~ do the honour of visiting; ,
23


. If want a thing well done
do it yourself.
ice; ~ turn to ice, freeze over;
~ ice-factory, ice-house; ~
ice-breaker; ~ very cold.
be covered with ice.
iced; icy.
budget; ~ budget for; ~ exeed the
budget.
stumble; . go wrong (h
).
1) wrap up ( ); 2) fold (); 3) bend ().
|| () bent; folded; ~ (
) folded up, wrapped up.
crease (), pleat ().
nightingale.
1) ( ) voting paper;
ballot-paper; 2) (h ) sick-leave
certificate; ~ be on sick leave.
crystal, cut glass.
foundation; base; ~ lay
the foundation; found.
1) constellation; ~ Ursa
Minor, the Lesser Bear; 2) () tower.
bureau; office, desk; ~
inquiry office.
|| bureaucratic, red-tape; ~
bureaucracy, bureaucratism.
: ~ show, manifest.
1) wrap up; blanket ();
2) envelop ().
1) wrap oneself up; 2) be
enveloped / covered.
idol.
idolater.
idolatry.
1) () unbroken; 2) ()
whole, entire.
whole, entire, complete; the whole;
~ the whole day; ~ completely, wholly; ~ altogether; quite.
pleat (); goffer (-);
. ~ purse one's lips; ~
twist one's mouth.

24

millet (bread).
witchcraft, sorcery, magic.
witch (), sorcerer ().
world.
- luxury; magnificance; ~ luxurious, magnificant.
ignorant, uneducated; ~ ignorance,
lack of education; inexperience.
1) . inoculation; 2) stitch (); ~ , ~ 1) . inoculate;
2) stitch, sew on.
1) grandour; 2) pomp, splendour, magnificnce; ~ splendid, pompous.
people, public; community; group;
crowd.
laundry; ~ laundry, washhouse; ~ do the laundry.
buffalo.
1) soul; 2) life; 3) force, vigour; ~
1) long for; 2) be dying (for); ~
kill; ~ be in agony; ~- darling,
beloved; ~ get rid (of); ~ good health; ~ be
bored; be sick to death; ~ die;
. be exhausted; be tired to death; ~
torment, vex; bore; ~ , ~ give up one's life (for);
put one's heart (on); ~- most willingly; ! Really! It is impossible! You don't say so; my dear! ~
I have had enough of it.
wolf.
sweetheart.
criminal; ~ war criminal;
~ state criminal.
revive, enliven; give life (to);
reanimate.
animation, reanimation ();
enlivening.
come to life, become animated.
1. s. 1) animated; lively, vivacious,
boisterous (-); ~ living language; ~ animate nature; 2) vivid;
~ xatir vivid memory; ~ live


telecast ( ); live broadcast
( ); 2. i being, creature.
tedious, wearisome, boring.
lifeless; dead.
current; presentday (); ~
current affairs; ~ presentday
problems.
spy; ~ espionage; ~ spy
(on); watch secretly.
answer, reply; ~ answer,
reply; ~ answer back; ~ answer a letter;
~ be responsible (for); answer
with one's life; ~ meet
the requirements; ~ letter in
return; ~ return visit.
1) responsible (for), in charge of;
2) . defendant; respondent; ~
be responsible ( for); ~ responsibility.
jewel; ~ jewels.
1. . young; youthful; 2. . youth,
youngster; ~ the youth; ~ young
man, fellow.
grow young again; get young.
youth, adolescence.
claw; ~ fall into the
clutches.
jazz; ~ jazz band.
1) gravity; attraction; 2) attractiveness ( ); ~ fascinating,
charming; ~ magnetic force; gravitation; ~ terrestrial gravity.
dowry; bride's trousseau.
jumper; ~ pullover.
gazelle; ~ with beautiful eyes,
gazelle-eyed.
algebra.
front; ~ brother-soldier;
~ united front; ~ frontal
attack; ~ on the front.
time-table, schedule; table;
~ tables of logarithms; ~ prize-list;
~ on schedule.
nonsense, rubbish, absurdity.
parsley.
bolt, bar; ~ bar, bolt.
ignorance.
striving, endeavour, effort, diligence;
~ endeavour, try.

hell; ~ torments of hell;

~ go through hell; ~ !
clear out! go to hell!
- trill (); warbling ();
~ trill; warble.
side; part; respect; ~
parts of the world; ~ in this respect;
~ in every respect;
~ all aspects of the question.
attraction, drawing (in); ~ (
) attract, draw (in, into); ~
attract / draw attention.
1. . quick, fast, prompt, swift; 2. .
quickly, fast, promptly, swiftly; ~ quickness, promptness, swiftness.
executioner, hangman; . despot,
merciless person, cruel man.
1) . addition; 2) . plural; ~ plural of nouns; ~ 1) .
add; 2) ( ) gather (together); ~ () total; altogether, in all.
society; league, company;
~ primitive society; ~ Red
Crescent Society; ~ joint-stock
company.
sum up ( ); put
together.
gather together, assemble;
concentrate (, ).
Mr. ['m9st7] ( ); sir.
corpse.
1. . confusion, mess, muddle; 2. .
confused, muddled; ~ intricate business;
~ entangle oneself; ~
entangle; ~ confused, muddled, difficult.
fighting man; knight; warrior.
jungle.
paradise; Heaven.
1. . the South; ~- South-West;
~- South-East; ~ South
America; 2. . southern;~ southern
part.
current, movement, flow, stream;
() trend; ~ electric current;
~ happen, occur; flow.
row, line; . rank; ~-~ in ranks;
~, ~ . rank; form
ranks.
25


fine, penalty; ~ () fine,
impose a fine; ~ declare
penalty; . ~ penalty kick.
surgeon; ~ surgical instruments.
surgery; ~ operation; ~ operate (on).
courage, bravery, boldness, daring;
~ dare, venture; ~...? How
dare you...?
encourage.
dare, venture; be encouraged.
bold, courageous, brave.
coward, irresolute; ~ cowardice,
indecision.
dead body, corpse.
.
punishment, penalty; ~ punish;
inflict a punisment (upon); ~ be
punished; ~ capital punishment;
death penalty; ~ punitive forces.
punish, inflict a punishment.
attraction; ~ attract; ~
attractive.
horse-race; ~ run a
race; ~ hippodrome; ~ jockey.
. rush, weed.
one who violates the rules of a game
and sport; ~ wilful violation of the rules
of a game.
|| squeak; ~ squeak; ~
squeaky.
1) path; track; 2) trend; ~ pave
way; ~ exceed the limits.
. tiny, very small.
1) ( ) thin; scraggy; 2) puny
( ); ~ become
thin; waste away.
1. . rag; ( ) houseflannel; 2. . ragged; thread-bare, torn;
-~ rags; old clothes; -~ wear
rags, be in rags.
sound, noise; ~ not
utter a sound.
1) wild ( ); 2) shrill (
); ~ crab apple ().
dragon fly.
26

torn, in shreds, ragged; ~-~ all in

shreds.
|| squeak, creak; ~ squeak,
creak.
I f tear; rend.
II scratch (); ~ scratch.
scratch.
dwarf, pygmy.
() line; ( ) scratch; ~-~
covered with scratches; ~ draw a
line; ~() get ruffed up,
pass all bounds, overstep the limits; ~
lined, ruled.
|| sizzle; ~ sizzling noise.
1) draw; ~ draw a plan; 2) (
) scratch.
pocket; ~ side-pocket; ~
pocket money; ~ () hippocket; . ~ fill one's
pocket; ~ a penniless person; ~
() pick smb.'s pocket; ~
pocket book; ~ pocket dictionary.
pickpocket.
lance;
. Murder will out.
1. . serious, earnest; 2. . seriously,
earnestly, in earnest, not joking; ~ seriousness, earnestness.
- zeal, diligence.
become serious, take a serious
turn.
severity, stringency; ~ seriously; earnestly.
Holy War.
apparatus, instrument, device, appliances.
- cheep, squeak, chirping, twittering.
|| polish, varnish; ~ polished,
varnished.
1) () binding; bookcover; 2) volume (); ~
a wolf in sheep's clothing; ~
() 1) bound; 2) in volumes; ~
a book in two volumes; ~ bookbinder; . ~ be disguised;
~ bindery; book-binder's shop.
bind.
bridle; curb; reins.


curb, bridle; . restrain, control.
mincing manners; coquetry; ~ coquettish, mincing.
djinn, demon, spirit; ~ make smb. furious; infuriate; drive
smb. mad; ~ go mad; ~
become furious, fly into a rage.
flank ,wing.
1. . crime, offence; ~
commit a crime; ~ treason;
~ war crime; ~ political crime; 2. c.
criminal; ~ criminal court;
~ criminal code.
.
1) () siskin; 2) ding-dang.
jingle, tangle, ring; tinkle;
clank; ~ there is a ring in
my ear.
clanging, clank, tinkling; ring; ~
ringing; tinkling.
|| () go mad; fly into
a rage, become furious; ~ infuriate; drive mad, make furious.
1) sex; ~ female; ~ male;
2) . gender; ~ feminine gender; ~ masculine gender; 3) race,
breed, species; 4) () kind, variety; ~
pure-blooded horse; ~ pure-bred dog;
~ pedigree cattle; ~ pedigree seed.
sexual.
. caraway; caraway seeds.
body, substance; material, thing;
~ solid substance; ~ liquid; ~
heavenly body.
corporal, material; physical; ~
corporal punishment; ~ bodily suffering.
mercury, quicksilver; ~ mercury (column).
twitter, chirp; cheep.
twittering, chirping; cheep.
: ~ lung; ~ liver; ~
() feel thirsty; -~ darling;
~ () be terribly
frightened; ~ consumption
().

1) () line; 2) feature ();

3) () drawing; ~ animated
film, cartoon film.
rough, coarse; ~ harden, coarsen;
become coarse; ~ hardness, roughness.
geographical; ~ place name;
~ geographical location.
geography; ~ geographer.
generous; ~ generosity.
sock (); stocking ().
ebullient; boiling over, overflowing,
exuberant; ~ exciting life; ~ tireless activity; ~ restless soul;
~ rough sea; ~ ardent
love; passionate love; ~ ebullition, exuberance, overflowing enthusiasm; commotion.
1) rage, make uproars; boil up, overflow; 2) get furious, become exuberrant;
get excited; () fly into a rage;
- overflow ().
lime (-tree); linden.
1) jewel; 2) () essence, acid;
3) () substance, nature; -~ peppermint (drop).
1) dive, plunge (); 2) rush
().
chicken; chick; ~ hatch
chicken.
|| spring, sprout; begin to grow;
~ grow, raise, cultivate.
insect.
sandpiper; snipe; ~ woodcock.
Friday; ~ Thursday.
1) . sentence; 2) the whole, all;
o ~ including; ~ you
are one of them; ~ as an instance
of this.
1) kind, sort; ~ of every kind; all sorts
of; 2) order, way; ~ 1) () such;
~ such people; 2) ( ) in
this way; ~ in a different way;
~ by no means; ~ 1) all kinds of; 2) in
every possible way ( ).
various, different; ~ variety,
difference.
boldness, daring, courage;
~ dare to; ... If you
dare.
27

boldly, daringly, audaciously; ... I dare say...;

? How dare you
speak so?
encourage, cheer up.
take heart, screw up enough
courage; be encouraged.
bold, daring.
shy, timid; ~ indecision; lack of
courage.
body, trunk; ~ big-bodied, huge.
I 1) pair; ~ a pair of gloves;
2) () even; ~-~ in pairs.
II .. plough; ~ ploughman.
put in pairs.
couple (with), pair (with).
coupling, pairing.
squeak; pup, cheep.
. roe, roe-deer.
partial, slight, insignificant ( ); unimportant, trifling, trivial.

(- ) flounder; struggle desperately.

tent, marquee [...'ki:]; ~ pitch
a tent.
chadrah, veil.
I time, age, period; ~ spring time;
~ in the evening; ~ till
now, up to now, hitherto.
II cheerful humour, good spirits;
, in good humour.
contemporary.
suckling (); new-born child.
call up; summons; ~ invitation card; ~ challenge to emulation; . ~ recruting station.
call out (); call; invite
( ); ~ call a doctor, send
for a doctor; ~ () call out,
call to the board; () ~ challenge; ~ summon.
babble, murmur.
wine.
28

I . 1) ok (); 2) (
) stell; ~ flint.
II . 1) pull the trigger; 2) strike fire
(); 3) flash ().
jackal.
pebble; ~ pave with pebbles.
pit, hole; ~ dig a hole; ~-
broken ground; full of pitholes, uneven.
(black) kite.
shade; tint, hue ( );
~ shade of meaning.
music; ~ musical instrument.
musician.
beat up, shake up.
diligent; hard working; industrious.
exercise.
try; endeavour; work; ~ do
one's best; work hard.
I play a musical instrument;
~ play some melody; ~ hoot; whistle;
~ gain / win a victory.
II bite (), sting (); ~ drive
in / hammer a nail; ~ flap wings;
~ clap hands; ~ beat up eggs.
III be shot ( );
it is shot with green.
IV mow, cut, make ( ).
trunk; suitcase (); ~ pack a suitcase.
. pelvis; ~ pelvic bones.
bag, case; ~ satchel; ~
hand-bag.
print; ~ come out; appear,
be published; ~ printer.
() bream.
at a gallop, full gallop; . double quick, running.
scar.
robbery; ~ robber; ~ ,
rob.
|| I gallop (); ~ gallop at full speed.
II 1) ( ) rob;
2) cut (); 3) hew ().
tsar, czar; ~ the czarist
regime.
tsarism, czarism.
() reign; I ~ during the reign of Peter the First.
garret.


remedy, means, help, way out; ~
find a remedy; ~ . There is
no other way out; ~? What can one
do? ~ irremediable; helpless, without
means; ~ lack of means; helplessness.
pond, swimming-pool.
wheel.
crucifix, cross; ~ crucify.
bedstead, bed; ~ cot, crib;
- ~ folding bed.
crossed; ~ cross.
collision; conflict, fight, battle;
~ bloody battle.
struggle, fight.
: ~, ~ be striking.
confusion; bewilderment, perplexion.
|| 1) lose one's head; be taken aback,
be put out; 2) ( ) be mistaken,
make a mistake; ~ put out; bewilder, confuse; muddle smb.
deliver; ~ carry smth.
through; put a finish to smth; complete
smth.; ~ get smb. home; ~
bring smth. to smb.'s notice.
make both ends meet (
).
|| be enough; be sufficient, suffice;
~ be short of; o ~.
He is short of money.
crack, split; ~ have a splitting headache.
1) ( ) get to, reach, arrive;
2) ( ) catch up (with); overtake,
come up (with); 3) ~ frown; knit
one's eyebrows; 4) ( ) be
enough, be sufficient; it's
for you.
arched eyebrows.
I tea ( ); ~
Azerbaijan tea; / ~ strong / weak
tea; ~ ask to tea; ~
tea-set; ~ tea-cloth; ~ teaspoon; ~ tea plantation;
~ make tea.
II river, stream; ~ down-stream,
down the river; ~ up-stream, up the
river; ~ the river is ice-bound.
teapot ( ); tea-kettle
(su qaynatmaq ).

tea-rooms, tea-shop.
: ~ little finger (), little
toe ().
choke.
Czech; ~ Czech, the Czech language.
cheque, check; ~ draw a check;
~ cash a check.
champion, title holder; ~
champion of the world; ~ championship.
assortment, variety.
assort, sort, grade.
spring; fountain.
spectacles; glasses; ~ wear
glasses.
1) () quick, prompt, swift; 2) ()
agile, nimble; ~ 1) () quickness,
promptness, swiftness; 2) () agility, dexterity.
1) turn over, tipple; 2) (
) translate; ~ turn away (from
smb.); break (with smb.); ~ avert
one's face (eyes); ~ turn
upside-down.
circle.
revolution, overturn; ~ social
upheaval; ~ revolution; coup d'etat ['ku:dei'ta:]; ~ palace revolution;
~ military coup d'etat; ~
overturn.
overturn; turn ().
chew, masticate.
pink, rosy.
weight; ~ atomic weight;
~ specific weight.
hammer; ~ hammer; -~
hammer and sickle.
1) go away, move away; 2) .
~ withdraw, draw off, fall back;
~ step aside, walk away.
1) () fel shy, be ashamed
(of); . Don't
stand on ceremony; 2) beware, take precaution ( ).
quarrel, discord.
1) (- ) pull
one another about; 2) ( ) bet
(on); 3) () quarrel, argue (with),
dispute.
29


shoes; ~ high-boot, highshoes; ~ top of a boot.
shoemaker, bootmaker.
1) pull; draw (); 2)
~ suffer; bear / undergo sufferings; 3) ~ weigh; ~ smoke; ~ iron;
~ call on; ~ relinquish, renounce;
~ mince meat; ~ ()
take a photo;(, ) draw;
~ long for, rejoin; ()
take after; . He takes
after his father. .
This journey will take two hours; ~
guard; ~ put on airs; ~ sign;
~ suffer difficulties; have difficulties; ~ take trouble; ~ grieve
(for); ~ have a good time, enjoy oneself; ~ pull out a tooth.
wreath; garland; ~ make a
wreath.
barrel, cask.
paddy.
meadow.
mist; fog; ~ misty, foggy.
jaw; ~ lower jaw; ~ upper jaw;
. ~ talkative.
1) hook; 2) fork ( ).
1) () slanting, slooping; 2) squint,
squinting (); ~ squint-eyed, crosseyed; ~ give a sidelong glance;
look aslant.
fence; hedge (); ~ set
up a fence.
clap; ~ clap one's hands;
applaud.
1)frame (, ); 2) ()
limits; ~ within certain limits.
a quarter, a forth, one forth.
talker, chatterer; chatter-box.
chatter, twaddle.
- fortune, fate.
Circassian.
kite; ~ fly a kite.
Wednesday; ~ Tuesday.
1) make an incision; notch ();
2) sharpen ( ).
difficult, hard; ~
get into difficulties.
30

hamper, impede; make

smth. difficult.
difficulty.
umbrella; sunshade ().
stone; pip ().
locust, grasshopper.
cry, shout; () scream, yell.
cry, shout; () scream, yell.
1) take out; 2) expel (
.); ~ strike off; 3) take off
(); 4) pull out, extract ();
~ make a decision; ~ pass a sentence; ~ issue a newspaper;
~ understand; ~ become famous; ~ forget; ~ come to the conclusion, conclude.
() hopeless, desperate;
~ hopeless / desperate situation.
() jut; protuberance; prominence ().
1) () performance; ()
speech; 2) exit (); ~ perform; speak at a meeting; ~ way out.
1) ( ) come / go out; get
out; 2) () come out; be published;
3) . subtract;
four from five leaves one; five minus
four makes one; ~ appear;
~ leave the city; ~ understand; ~ win a victory; ~ become
famous; ~ disappear; get lost;
~ go up; ascend; (, ) climb.
naked, nude; bare.
lamp.
illuminated.
roll up.
beat, throb (), toss ().
beating, throbbing.
pinch.
1) () strike; 2) shake out
().
furuncle; ~ have furuncle.
fly.
1) flower; blossom (); 2) .
smallpox; ~() window-plants, indoor
plant; ~ flower, bloom, blossom,
be in bloom ().
bloom, blossom, be in bloom
().


freckle; ~ freckled.
lustre, chandelier.
splash (); . It is
spitting (with rain).
metal worker; tool-maker.
nip, pinch, tweak.
nip, pinch, tweak.
bathe.
bathe, have / take a bath.
China; ~ Chinese, the Chinese language; ~ Chinese; ~ the Chinese.
plane (tree).
china; porcelain; ~ china, chinawear.
1. . 1) dirt; 2) () pus; 2. . .
dirty, filthy; ~ (
) show the dirt.
1) () plain, uncomely; 2) ugly,
dirty (, ).
soil, make dirty.
become dirty / filthy.
drizzle; it drizzles, it
is drizzling.
chintz, cotton (print), calico (print).
raw, uncooked; ~ raw meat; ~
fresh (unboiled) milk.
garden strawberry; wild strawberry.
shoulder; ~-~ shoulder to shoulder;
~ shrug one's shoulders.
shepherd, . cowboy.
1) much, plenty of, a lot of (
); many, plenty of, a lot of ( ); 2) very ( );
very much, greatly (i); ~ very
cold; ~ very well; ~ work
very much.
increase; . propagate itself;
() breed; ( )
spawn.
long ago; ~ for a long time; ~
old, ancient.
polysyllabic; ~ polysyllable.
() consumer's (goods).
many (people); ~ ...
Many (people) think that...
numerous.
1) multiplicity, plurality; 2) majority; ~ by a majority of votes.
polysemantic.
many-storeyed.

of many millions, many-millioned; ~ the vast

masses of vorking people.
, o majority; ~ most
people; ~ most of my friends.
: ~ mother of a large family.
cripple, lame.
chicken.
club; bludgeon; cudgel; ~
stick.
1. c. pocked, pock-marked; 2. . smallpox.
rye.
snow-storm.
hollow, sunken ().
settle; sink (); ~ kneel, fall
on one's knees.
sediment, deposit.
field; steppe; desert.
scoop; laddle.
turn; swing.
turn, swing; turn
(back) to look at smth., glance back
(behind).
chip, sliver; ~ thin as a lath,
very thin; -~ sticks and straws; brushwood; ~ straw; ~
catch (clutch) at a straw.
bread; ~ white bread, wheat bread;
~ brown bread; ~ fresh bread;
~ bread and butter; ~ bake
bread; ~ earn one's living; ~ mechanical bakery; ~
bread-plate; ~ baker's (shop).
baker.
1) twig, switch, stick; ~ flog,
whip; strike with a twig; 2) pipe; ~
smoke a pipe.
cast iron.
beet, beet-root; ~ sugarbeet.
hole; ditch; low place, hollow; cavity.
because, for, as.
rotten; putrid; spoilt; . corrupted.
1. . twaddler, windbag, babbler;
2. . boring, bothersome.
decomposition, rotting, putrefaction;
. decay.
rot, putrfy.
rotten stuff, rot; mould; putrefaction.
31

Dd
() even, too, even if, also, both... and;
. Even if I
saw him I should not recognize him;
~ . He is a doctor too;
~ , ~. I bought both a copybook and a pen.
heel; ~ high-heeled; ~
low-heeled.
taste; ~ taste, have a taste;
~ taste bitter; ~ taste;
~ ~ . The proof of the
pudding is in the eating.
acquire a taste for; visit a place
frequently; take (to).
tasty.
taste.
tasteless.
mountain; the Caucasus;
~ () overvalue;
~ ~ , .
Men may meet but mountains never;
~ foothill , lower slopes of a hill /
mountain.
destructive.
be scattered (); spill
(); fall to pieces, be spread; collapse
(); wear out ().
scattered, dispersed, disorganised.
1) () destroy; demolish;
2) scatter (); 3) wear out (); 4) spill ().
mountainous ().
more; else; any more (no more); ~
more beautiful; ~ ? What else? ~ once
more; ~ . He does not
live there any more.
genius; ~ writer of genius; ~
genius.
great, brilliant; ~ brilliant
idea.
: ~ enter, go into; ~ insert,
include; enclose;
~ place an item on the agenda.
inwardly, intuitively.
32

inner, internal, inward; ~ home

affairs ( ); ~
internal enemies; ~ internal
diseases; ~ domestic policy; ~
home trade.
hut.
. always, constantly; all
the time; ~ constant; everlasting; eternal
().
concerning, about.
circle; ~ round.
back, hinder part; ~ continuation (); ~ back entrance; ~~ one
after another; ~~ five days
running; ~ back, backwards; ~
glance back; ~ fall / lag behind;
~ step back; . retreat;
~ follow a matter up to
its conclusion; ~ behind the
house; ~ those left behind;
~ from behind.
. spleen.
blind alley.
yard-keeper.
fight, scuffle; quarrel.
() refuge, asylum,
sanctuary.
seek shelter, take cover.
wave.
|| be rough; be choppy;
~ the sea is troubled / rough / choppy;
~ banners fly / flatter.
wavy.
thoughtful, plunged in thought;
absent-minded; ~ thoughtfulness;
absent-mindedness.
after; ~ follow smb.;
~ send for smb.
() dive (into); ~ sink into
a deep sleep; ~ be lost in thought.
roof.
1) () draughts, checkers; 2) () check; ~-~ checked.
1) palate; () ~ hard (soft)
palate; 2) good mood, high spirits;
, ~() in high spirits, in a good
mood.
vein; vessel; ~ jib, balk;
be capricious.


drop; ~ ( ) a bit, a little.
drip (, ); fall in drops.
stamp, brand; ~ , ~
stamp, brand.
.
1) come through; leak;
the roof leaks; 2) () have presentiment; have foreboding.
daybreak, dawn; ~ the day
is breaking; ~ at daybreak, at dawn.
calf.
1) talk, speech; ~ spoken language; ~ organs of speech; ~() telephone conversation; 2) ~
negotiations, talks; ~
high-level talks; ~ peace talks;
~ negotiate; ~
under negtiations.
speak, talk; tell; ~ tell a lie;
~ speak English; - ~ waste
one's breath, talk to no purpose;
~ talk behind smb.'s back.
reproach (with), scold, reprove.
deny, disclaim.
I 1) narrow (); 2) tight (,
); ~ get into trouble;
be in difficulties; ~ narrowminded; ~ greedy.
II: ~ gallows; ~ hang.
comb.
1) get / become narrow (); 2) get tight (); shrink (); ~ get impatient.
comb.
fall (upon, on).
millet.
dull, boring (); tedious
().
|| 1) be bored, have tedious time;
2) miss ( ); be homesick (
); 3) be anxious, worry (
); ~ bore, annoy; irritate.
cramped; lacking space;
~! How crowded it is here!
There is not enough room here; ~ lack
of space.
: ~ smash; ruin; destroy;
~ go to ruin; fall to the ground.

|| pull, draw; tug; ~ pull

out; ~ give a jerk (to get free);
~ tug (by).
gates.
legend, epos.
stone; ~ stone wall; ~ coal;
~ weight; ~ (-) precious stone; ~ harden (into
stone); . stand stock-still; ~
(stone) mason; ~ heartless; man
with a stony heart.
1) carry, take, cart (); drive
( .); transport, remove (
); 2) carry out, act as
().
flood, high water.
stony, rocky.
1) (, ) boil over;
2) ( ) overflow, flood;
~ lose temper, get impatient.
1) fight, brawl; scuffle; ~
fist fight; ~ street row; ~
scuffle, fight, have a fight; ~ kick
up a row; ~- scandal, brawl; ~
pugnacious.
1) steadfastness; firmness; 2) duration (); 3) continuation; ~
bear, stand; ~ continue, last, go on,
be in progress.
stable, steadfast, staunch ();
~ solidity; stableness; endurance.
unstable; fragile ().
behave ( ); treat
( ).
1) prop; 2) pier (); . support; ~ support; ~()
stronghold of peace; ~ put up a
prop (to); ~ foothold.
stop, put an end, cease ();
make smb. stop (); break off ().
continuously, without break.
1) stop; cease (); 2) (
) dwell (on); 3) () lean
(upon); ~ support
smb., back smb.
not deep, shallow; ~ become
shallow; ~ narrow-minded.
nurse; ~ work as a nurse.
33


uncle; ~, ~ cousin.
bold; ~ grow bold.
- gossip, tittle-tattle; ~ taleteller, tale-bearer.
December.
dean; ~ dean's office; ~
vice-dean.
dolphin.
1) say, tell; 2) mean; 3) be called;
~ tell a lie; ? What
does it mean? ... ( ) so,
then, well then; , ()
. So the question is settled;
... they say.
democrat.
democratic.
democracy.
deputy; ~ parliamentary immunity.
hole; slot (
); puncture ( ); ~ nostril; ~-~ full of
holes; ~ bore, make a hole.
drill a hole; make a hole (in); puncture ( ); prick ( );
pierce (); drain ( ).
detective.
overthrow.
it seems that; ~ It
looks like rain; ~ . He seems
to be dissatisfied.
grumble.
grumbling, peevish, grumpy; ~
grumbler.
fashion (); ~ in fashion; ~ come into fashion; ~
out of fashion; ~ in the latest fashion; ~ dress fashionably; ~ old-fashioned.
splendour, pomp, solemnity; ~
splendid, magnificent, pompous, solemn.
naughty, mischievous.
prank; playfulness, naughtiness.
time; / / ~ once / twice /
thrice; / ~ four / five times;
~ several times; ~ this time, on
this occasion; ~ for the second time;
~ again and again; many times;
~ next time; ~ from the very first;
~ once and for all.
34

burried / hidden treasure; treasure;

~ treasure island.
burial; funeral; ~ bury.
laurel; bay-tree; ~ laurels;
wreath of laurels.
writing-book; exercise-book; copybook (); ~ rough notebook.
office; ~ clerk; ~ stationary.
entrance hall; corridor.
terror, fear, horror.
frighten, terrify, horrify.
be terrified.
terrible, horrible.
|| concern, have to do (with);
~ it concerns everybody; ~ it is not your business; it has nothing to do with you;
~ it is beside the point.
till, until; to, as far as; ~ till the
evening; ~ to the end; ~ as
far as Moscow.
punctual; exact, accurate; ~
punctual man; ~ exact sciences;
~ accurate translation; ~
to be precise; ~ exactness, accuracy;
punctuality.
minute; ~ this very minute;
~ instantly; at once; ~ ~ every minute;
~ just a minute.
make exact, specify.
. squirrel.
swindler; ~ swindle,
defraud, shark, rogue, cheat.
mad, insane, crazy, lunatic;~ be
mad; go mad; ~ drive mad;
pretend to be mad;
. A fool may
sometimes speak the purpose.
madly; awfully.
craziness, madness.
lynatic asylum, mad-house.
hole; opening, slot ( ); ~ bore a hole.
argument; evidence, proof; ~ adduce proofs.
.
bore, perforate; make / bore a hole.


moment, instant; ~ at that
very moment.
iron; hardware (); ~
iron-stone; ~ . Strike
while the iron is hot.
railwayman.
railway; . railroad.
: ~ make tea; ~ make
coffee.
I grain; ~ birdseed; ~
() feed; ~ grain-crops.
II () streak of grey; ~
greying, touched with grey.
piece; ~ nine pieces;
~ several pieces.
grainy, granulated; ~ soft /
granulated caviar.
sea; ~ seashore, embankment;
~ at the sea; ~ on the
open sea; ~ over the sea; ~
travel by sea; ~ (sea) voyage;
. Our city is on the
Caspian Sea.
sailor.
1. . navigation; 2. . nautical,
naval; ~ naval college.
peck.
publish ( .); ~ write articles for a
magazine.
grief, sorrow; suffering, trouble; ~
the trouble is that; ~
get into trouble, come to grief; ~
? What is his trouble? ~
give smb. pain; ~ be
worried about smb.; ~ grieve
(for); ~ share one's grief;
~ sorrowful, grieved; ~ free from sorrow, untroubled, carefree.
valey; ravine [-vi:n], canyon; ~-
hills and valley; ~- hilly; rolling.
degree, extent; rank, grade;
~ to a certain extent;
~ extremely, very; . ~
degrees of comparison; ~
doctorate, doctor's degree; ~ academic rank; ~ get a degree;
~ confer a degree; ~
first grade; first class.

immediately, at once; without delay,

right away.
skin; hide ( ); ~ leather shoes; ~,
nothing but skin and bones; very thin;
~ a wolf in
sheep's clothing.
deep, profound; ~ profound /
thorough knowledge; ~ profound;
~ deep sleep; ~ be
plunged in deep thought.
deepen.
depth; ~ at a depth of
three metres; ~() sound the
depth.
: ~ realize, become aware (of),
perceive.
remedy; medicine; ~ give
medicine; ~ find remedy; treat;
cure; ~ panacea; ~
medicinal herbs, drug plants.
pick, pluck (, .);
~ take breath;
without pausing for breath.
circle, society; hobby group ( .); ~ literary circle.
lesson; ~ take lessons; ~
teach; ~ do lessons;
~ let that be a lesson to you; ~ give / conduct a lesson.
text-book, manual.
dressmaker ( ),
tailor ( ).
towel; ~ tea towel; ~ handkerchief.
1) bunch (); 2) flight, flock ();
3) group ( ); 4) gang
(); ~ bunch of flowers.
1) handle (); 2) receiver ();
~() hang up (the receiver); ~() hold on.
support, back.
camel; ~ camelcade; ~
camel-hair.
camel-bird; ostrich.
invitation, summons; ~ invite,
ask; ~ invitation card;
~ invite / ask to a cup of tea;
~ ask to a dance.
35


value, price; worth, cost; ~
it is worth reading; ~ valuable, worthy,
of great value; (
). Don't mention it; ~ worthless.
value, appreciate.
mill; ~ hand-mill; ~ windmill; ~ water-mill; ~
bring grist to smb.'s mill.
miller.
round; ~
round-table talk.
1) change, alter; 2) exchange;
substitute ( ).
: ~ confuse, mix up; ~ be mixed up.
1) change; 2) exchange.
I 1) touch (); 2) call (on),
visit ( ); ~ offend, hurt
smb.; 3) hit ().
II ripen ();
The apple is ripe.
machine (-tool); ~ weaving
loom; ~ joiner's bench.
climb, swarm up ();
~ climb up a tree; ~ get onto
the roof.
nail (); toe-nail (); hoof
();
from head to foot; from top to toe; so called.
diagnosis; ~ make a diagnosis.
dialect.
bottom (); ~ at the bottom; ~
sink; ~ bottomless; very deep.
flower-pot.
fight.
. tease out into
fibres / pieces; scutch; pull about.
other, another, different; ~
on the other hand.
perpendicular, upright, erect; ~
glare; ~ hold up one's
head; ~ stand upright.
obstinate, pigheaded.
straighten oneself, become erect;
stand erect.
: ~ stare; fix one's eyes on;
~ drop one's eyes; ~
( ) set one's hopes on.
36

|| start (at), be startled; ~

startle.
attention; care; ~ pay attention; ~ call / draw attention
to; ~ remarkable; notable.
attentively, with care.
attentive, careful.
inattentive; careless; ~ inattentiveness.
1) . tongue; 2) language, tongue;
~ the English language; ~
mother tongue; ~ colloquial
speech; spoken language; ~ literary
language; ~ wicked / bitter tongue;
~ find common language;
~ begin to speak (); ~
hold one's tongue; ~
be spoken about; ~-
speak on continuously; ~ talk
smb. into (doing smth.); ~
stammer; , . I can't
bring myself to tell; 3) () key.
linguist; ~ linguistics.
beggar; .
A beggar's purse is bottomless.
beg, go begging.
downcast, sad, upset, depressed; ~
be depressed / upset.
slice; ~ a slice of bread;
~, ~-~ cut into slices.
|| talkative; eloquent; ~ dumb ();
silent ().
bax .
beak; ~ peck.
religion; ~ religious.
quiet; calm; peaceful; ~ calmness,
peace; rest; ~ I have no peace
/ rest; ~ break smb.'s peace.
rest; have a rest.
pious; religious; ~ piety.
1) make smb. speak; 2) question
().
|| speak; begin to speak; say, utter;
~ speechless; silent, mute; ~ silently, without a word.
atheist; impious; ~ atheism, godlessness.
diploma; degree (); ~
graduation design; ~ diploma holder.


diplomat; ~ carer
diplomat.
diplomatic; ~
diplomatic relations; ~ diplomatic corps.
diplomacy; ~
bilateral diplomacy; ~ nuclear
diplomacy; ~ power diplomacy; ~ war diplomacy.
regeneration; rebirth, revival.
|| become animated; recover (); ~ revive; enliven.
director, manager; () head
master (); head mistress ().
column (); prop; pole.
prop up; set (against);
~ be stubborn; plant one's feet firmly.
1) rest (against); set (against);
2) jib ( ); insist (n); press (for).
alive; lively.
lively; agile, nimble, smart, bright.
conductor; band-master (
); ~ conduct.
come to life; rise from the dead.
bring to life; raise from the dead.
kitchen-garden.
elbow; ~ elbow; ~
lean one's elbows (on).
thesis, dissertation; ~ master's thesis; ~ thesis for Doctor's degree; ~ dissertation topic; ~ defend
a thesis.
tooth; ~ teeth; ~ loose tooth;
~ false teeth; ~ dentist;
~ dental consonant; ~ toothpowder; ~ tooth-brush; ~
toothache; ~ tooth crown; ~ extract / pull out a tooth; ~
stop / fill a tooth; ~
grind one's teeth; . I have
a toothache.
female; she-( ); ~
she-goat.
bite; . No
pains, no gains.
giant, demon.
sofa.

wall; ~ within four

walls; ~ wall newspaper; ~
clock; . ~ drive smb. into a
corner.
roll.
knee; ~ on the knees, kneeling;
~ kneel; fall on one's knees;
~ knee-cap; ~
( ) repent bitterly.
lip; () ~ lower (upper) lip;
~ curl one's lips; ~ lipstick;
. ~ labial consonant; ~
to laugh in one's sleeve; ~
mutter.
own; native; ~ my own father;
~ native land, ~ home town.
|| 1) give birth (to); 2) rise (
); ~ be born; ~
maternity hospital.
cut, slice (-); chop (, -); hew ().
I correct (); right; true ();
truthful, upright ( ); ~
it's true; ~ indeed, really; ~ truthfulness, uprightness; ~ to tell the truth;
~ truthful, upright; ~ come true.
II towards, to ( );
~ homewards.
justify (, );
~ prove its value.
be born.
1) () give rise (to); provoke; arose; 2) cause ( ).
ninety; ~ ninetieth; ~
the nineties.
1) doctor; physician (); 2) doctor (Dr) ( );
~ Doctor of Mathematics; ~ thesis for a Doctor's degree.
nine; ~ (the) ninth.
1) wind (around); wrap (round);
2) . fool, cheat ( ).
existence, way of life; the way
one lives.
1) go round; 2) () live,
exist; ~ be well off.
knotty, intricate; ~ confusion,
intricacy.
37

||
|| 1) entangle oneself; get tangled
( ); 2) () go around, walk
about; ~ tangle, muddle up, confuse.
jug.
fill (up), stuff; load ();
fulfil ().
complete (), exhaustive (),
full ().
fill; be filled; become full.
I 1) full of; ~ crowded; 2) plump
().
II hail; ~ It's hailing.
: ~ get frost-bitten; ~
frost-bitten.
ice-cream.
frozen, refrigirated ();
chilled ().
grumble.
|| 1) freeze, become frozen; 2) .
stand stockstill ( ); go numb
(with); stiffen (with) (); ~
freeze.
1) frozen ( .); 2)
~ stiff with horrow; ~ stiff with
cold.
donor; blood donor.
pig, swine; ~ pork; ~ lard;
~ pig-breeding.
assistant professor.
1. . friend; ~ intimate /close
friend; 2. . friendly ();
. I friend in need is
a friend indeed. ,
. Friendship cannot
stand always on one side.
make friends, become friends
(with).
1.. friendship; 2. . friendly; .
~ friendly match.
hare, rabbit.
be full, be satiated ();
~ be fed up.
: ~ eat one's fill; ~ talk to one's heart's content.
turn; change; ~ change
the topic.
- repeatedly; more than once; time
and time again, again and again.
38

turn; ~ turn round;

~ turn to the right; ~ return , come
back; ~ retract one's word.
steady, steadfast; firm; ~ firmness.
sudden change; ~ the year
of great change.
four; ~ from every quarter; ~
in every direction; ~ look all around; ~ four-year old.
quadrangle, quadrangular.
fourth.
1) breast; bosom; ~ chest, thorax;
2) flank ().
mattress; -~ bed, bedding; ~
bed-sheet.
floor.
spread (), cobble ().
apron.
I state, power, empire; ~
great powers; ~ small nations;
~ high treason; ~ statesman; ~ constitutional (public)
law; ~ host country;
~ state machinry; ~
political system; ~ public
officer; ~ national flag; .
colours; ~ official language; ~ coup d'etat [ku:de9ta:].
II riches, wealth.
rich, wealthy; ~ the rich.
1) period, epoch, age, time;
~ at all times; ~ at present, today, nowadays; ~ the stone
age; ~ age of feudalism;
2) revolution; circulation;
~ the machine does a hundred
revolutions a minute; ~ circulate.
: ~ circulation of blood.
: ~ go round; ~ sit round.
: ~ periodical press.
: ~ money turnover; ~
put money into circulation.
1) beat; 2) knock ().
() beat, throb ().
battle, fight.
fighting-man, fighter.
warlike; pugnacious.


fight.
bear, endure; stand.
intolerable; unbearable.
endurance; staying-power; hardiness (); ~ impatient.
1) stayer; of great endurance;
2) tolerant, patient; ~ endurance.
drama; ~ dramatic effect; dramatic qualities; ~ dramatic.
playwright.
prayer; ~ pray.
widow (); widower (); ~
be a widow (), be a widower ().
mist, fog (); ~ misty, foggy;
vague ( ).
grow dim / foggy; . grow
dim / sad; ~ his eyes
grew dim (with tears).
: ~ punctuation marks.
stagnant; still; ~ stagnation,
depression.
wake, awaken (); get
smb. up ().
stop (); stand up (); ~ get up; ~ oppose;
~ keep one's word / promise.
crane; ~ pike.
1) pure, limpid; 2) ( ) thin,
watery ().
falter, become confused, hesitate.
become limpid / pure.
prisoner; ~ arrest; put in prison.
prison.
shower; ~ have a shower.
1) sense; 2) feeling, perception; ~
sensitive, sensible; ~ cold, unfeeling;
heartless.
feel, become aware (of); perceive.
salt; ~ salt-cellar; ~ rock-salt;
~ salted, salty; pickled ( );
~ saltless; . flat ().
salt.
shop; store; ~ shop-keeper;
~ baker's; ~ butcher's.
carpenter; joiner.
nudge; ~ nudge.
yesterday; ~ last night; ~ yesterday's.

world, universe; ~ all over

the world; ~ be born; ~
die; ~ extremely beautiful; ~ love very much;
~ infinitely.
world outlook; world view;
~ political view; ~
narrow-minded person; ~
broad-minded man.
( ) secular.
thrust (into).
.
camp; ~ break up a camp.
1) ( ) dispirited,
broken; 2) avid (for, of); having weakness
(for); ~ greedy for money; ~
low spirits; depression.
1) fall, drop; 2) descend (),
come down; 3) () get off; 4) come,
fall; night fell; ~ start,
leave; ~ lose courage; ~ get
exhausted; ~ get into trouble; ~ fall into disgrace; ~ fall in love.
enemy; opponent ();
~ bitter enemy.
enmity, hostility; ~ quarrel, be at war (with each other).
thought, reflection; ~ common sense; ~ be lost in
thought; ~ thoughtful, pensive; clever;
~ unconcious (), thoughtless
().
think (of, about); consider.
button; ~ unbutton; ~
button.
rice.
knot (); ~ tie / make a
knot; ~ undo a knot.
1.. 1) flat, even; smooth (); ~
flat place; . ~ right angle; .
~ rectum; 2) () right, correct, true; ... it's true ...; ~
to say the truth; ~ honest
man; ~ honesty; plainness; 2. . straight;
~ go straight to shool; ~
5- at 5 o'clock sharp.
correction, amendment; ~ correct, make a correction, make an amendment ().
39

1) correct (); amend

(); 2) straighten (); 3) ()
arrange; settle; 4) repair ( );
~ get smb. a job.
. plain; flat country.
correct; right, true; proper; ~ honesty; rightness.
1) () place, arrange;
2) () string, spread; ~ form
in column.

Ee
execution, capital punishment; ~ put to death.
effect; ~ effective.
1) . ether; ~ on the air; ~ broadcast; 2) . ether.
carefully, with care; ~ be
careful.
probability; supposition, assumption; ~ assume; suppose; ~ probably, very likely; ~ in any case.
esteem; respect; ~ honour,
respect, esteem.
passion; violent longing; ~ passionate; ardent; ~ passionately, ardently; with passion.
need, want; necessity; poverty; ~
be in need (of); ~ in case of
need; ~ live in
poverty; ~ ( ) no need.
I 1. . reserves; stock, supply;
~ store, lay in store; ~
. be in the reserves; 2. . spare; ~ spare parts.
II 1.. caution, precaution; ~
fear, apprehend (); ~
take precautions (against); ~ imprudent;
incautious, careless;
. Caution is the parent of safety.
carefully, with care.
careful, cautious; prudent; ~ !
be careful! take care; pilllrdn ~ !
mind the steps!
40

screen; ~ on the screen; ~

make a screen version.
expedition.
exhibit.
express.
extreme.
extremist.
equator; ~ equatorial.
egoistic, selfish.
1) people, folk; ~ folk-custom;
2) country, land.
advertisement, announcement; declaration; ~ advertise; put up an advertisement; ~ declare; announce;
proclaim; ~ declare
war; ~ proclaim independence; ~ thank officially; express one's appreciation.
elastic; ~ elasticity.
1) () ambassador; envoy, messenger; 2) match-maker; ~ go and
ask smb. to marry.
1.. electric; ~ electric light;
~ electricity; ~ power
station; 2. . electrician ();
~ electrification; ~
electrify.
so; , She is so beautiful; ~? is that so?; ~ ? isn't
that so? ~ , so it is! Exactly;
~ ini just now; M ~ bilirdim ki I
thought that...; ~ such a good
man; M ~ bil. I can't do
like that.
- 1. . simple; ordinary; ~
. He is not an ordinary man. 2. z
1) simply; without reason; ~ n
speak without reason; 2) so-so, somehow; ~ work somehow.
do, make; ~ do the shopping; ~ do one's lessons;
~ celebrate; ~ accept (); admit
(), receive (); ~ wink
(at); ~ help; ~ ()
cure; ~ treat; ~ deal (with);
~ notice; ~ have dinner;
~ make a mistake; ~ make an offer;
~ translate; ~ talk; ~ defend; support ( ).


science; ~ scientific; ~
research adviser; ~ scientist, scientific worker; ~ junior researcher;
~ educated, learned; ~
Academy of Sciences; ~
the humanities.
treatment, processing; ~ oil refining; ~ treat, process; refine ().
workshop; studio ().
width, breadth.
lower (); let down
().
1. . power engineer; 2. . power.
energetics; power engineering.
energy; ~ electric power;
~ nuclear energy; ~

peaceful uses of nuclear energy;
~ unified power system.
slope; ~- up-and-down.
wide, broad (); loose ().
go (come) down, descend; land
().
narrow.
epidemic.
era; ~ in the
first century B.C. [bi:si:]; ~
in the first century A.D.
male; he ( );
~ he-goat; ( )
cock; ( )
buck; ~ dog-wolf.
early.
Armenian; ~ Armenia.
: next day, the following day.
Estonian; ~ Estonia.
variety art.
hear; ~ be hard of hearing.
love; ~ fall in love; ~ !
glory! bravo! well done!
rummage.
donkey, ass.
faith, confidence; credit; ~
trust, confide; rely on; ~ be
discredited; ~ be held in esteem.
: ~ frm today;
~ since that time.
trustworthy; reliable.
1) unreliable; 2) unfaithful; 3) invalid ().

ka ethics.
belief, faith; conviction; ~
believe (in), have faith (in).
confidence, reliance; ~
entrust; ~ win smb.'s confidence; ~ justify smb.'s confidence.
credentials.
confession; admission; ~ confess; admit; acknowledge (, ).
objection; protest; ~ object;
protest (to, against); disagree ().
.
1. . ( ) house, building;
2) home ( ); ~ cultural centre; ~ holiday home;
~ guest-house; 2.. home, house;
domestic; ~ housework, household;
~ home address; ~
domestic animals; ~ household
goods; ~ ( ) homecooked; ~ house-arrest.
thrifty; ~ house-wife.
house-keeping.
child.
marry, get married (to).
married.
. - homeless.
ugly.
1) shame, disgrace; ~ for shame;
~! It's a shame! ~? Aren't you
ashamed? ~ put to shame;
2) defect; ~ without defect, irreproachable; . I hope
you don't mind my asking.
spectacles; goggles (); glasses;
~ wear glasses.
same; identical; ~ indentity; sameness; ~ at the same time; ~
exactly, just as.
identify.
similar, of the same type.
synonymous.
balcony, verandah.
mission, business trip; ~ go on a mission; go away on a business; ~ be on a mission.
41

eternal (); everlasting ().

immortalize.
eternity.
vain; ~ in vain.
strange ().
ancestors; forefather.
striking, amazing; wonderful;
! What a pretty girl! ! I
like that ( ); ! What a trouble I've got into!
! I did it well; . It
serves you right; ! I wonder why
...; it's strange ...
I wonder if ...
death-hour; fate.
villian, scoundrel, rascal; ~ villiany;
meanness; ~ do a foul thing.
1. . foreign; 2. . foreigner.
|| chemist, druggist; ~ pharmacy,
chemist's (shop); . drug store.
airs and graces, mincing manners; ~
affected, airly; ~ put on airs.
justice; fairness.
just, fair.
unjust, unfair; ~ unjustice,
unfairness.
. particle.
enmity, hostility; ~ feel
animosity (towards).
breeding manners; decency, good
manners; ~ teach manners.
literary; ~ literary trend;
~ fiction.
literature; ~ literary world;
~ fiction, belles-letress.
specialist in literature; ~
history of literature, literary criticism.
decently; tactfull.
well-behaved; decent; with good
manners.
ill-mannered, indecent; shameless.
1) . number, figure; ~ even number; ~ odd number; 2) piece ();
~ ten pieces; ~ several.
42

justice; ~ Ministry of Justice.

. spice; ~ spicy,
spiced.
myth; legend; ~ mythical, legendary; ~ fairyland.
alas; ~ It is a pity that...
pardon, forgiveness; ~ forgive,
pardon; ~ general political
amnesty; ~ announce / declare
amnesty (for); ~- be
granted amnesty.
if, in case; unless ( ).
inhabitants, population; people;
~ country-people; ~ townsmen;
~ local population.
encirclement; surroundings; ~
1) surround; round up; encircle; 2) ( ) include, embrace; ~
accompanied (by).
(solemn) pledge, promise; ~
pledge, give a solemn promise; ~
keep one's pledge; ~
break one's promise; ~- solemn
promise.
significance, importance; ~
important, significant; ~ attach
importance (to); ~
be of great importance; ~
assume importance.
important, significant.
unimportant, insignificant;
small, slight ().
lime; ~ whitewash; ~
whitewash.
tame, make tame.
become tame, become domestic.
domestic, tame.
! bravo! well done!
state; state of health; ~ state
of the patient; ~- mood, humour,
spirits; ? How are you?
~ sorumaq ask after smb's health.
1) event, incident; 2) story ();
~ ? How did it happen?
moral; morals; ~ ethics; ~
moral values.
well-bred, well-behaved, courteous
().


ill-bred, immoral, dissolute (); ~ immoralty; dissoluteness.
dragon.
sowing; ~ arable land; area under
grain crops; ~ ploughman, corn-grower;
~ crop rotation.
twin; ~ / twin sisters
/ brothers.
garland; wreath.
sow ( ); plant (
); , . As you sow you shall mow.
I 1) () picture, portrait; 2) reflection
(); ~ reflect.
II 1) opposite; contrary; ~ opposite
side; 2) counter; ~ counterblow;
~ counter-attack; ~ counteract; ~ otherwise.
majority, most people; ~
vast majority; ~ most of my
friends; ~ majority of votes.
contrary, against; ~ do just
the opposite; ~ be against, run
counter (to);
~ counter-clockwise; ~ quite the
contrary, quite the other way.
faith (); ~ political conviction; ~ firm belief; ~ convinced; ~ faithless; having no conviction.
mental, intellectual; ~
mental / intellectual facilities; ~ mental
work, brainwork.
I hand (); pointer ();
needle (); ()
~minute-hand; ~ hour-hand.
II . scorpion.
1. . hand; ~ () touch;
~ applaud; ~ shake hands
(with); ~-~ hand in hand; ~-~
cooperate, work together; ~ it
is not within his power; it is beyond his
power; ~ , ~ help; ~
gain; attain; ~ get tired
/ exhausted; ~ ( ) undertake;
~ () beg alms; ~
wave good-bye; ~ lose hope;
~ let go / slip; ~ -

exhaust; ~ have a
self-control; ~ have a way
out; have oneself a loophole; ~ betray; ~ -~ , ~ .
Claw me and I'll daw you; ~
. One man no man. ~
. If you run after
two hares you'll catch neither. ~
I can't bring myself (to); !
Leave me alone; Get lost. 2. . hand,
manual; ~ walking-stick; ~
manual labour; ~ handicraft; ~
handkerchief.
excellent, perfect, high quality; superb;
~ of high quality; ~ excellent
pupil.
remedy (, ); way out (
); ~ treat; find the way out;
~ desparate, hopeless ( );
incurable (); ~ be in
desparate situation.
connection; tie, bond; ~ be
connected, be in connection with; have
connection (with); ~ connected, related;
~ friendly relations; ~ links of brotherhood;
~ ties of blood; ~ get into
contact (with); get in touch; ~
break off (with); ~ ()
have broad connections.
in connection.
connect.
1) sign; symptom (); 2) trace
(, ).
important, significant.
1. . addition, supplement; appendix;
~ in addition; ~ add; 2. .
additional, supplementary; extra.
certainly, of course, surely.
hand in hand (); ~
work together; ~ joint work.
glove; ( ) mitten.
inaccessible; out of reach.
against; ~ against war;
~ speak against.
|| sieve; ~ sieve.
especially, particularly.
open-handed; generous.
43


short of money, in need of money.
thievish, dishonest.
alphabet; ~ BC book; ~
alphabetical order.
bloody handed, red-handed.
invalid; disabled; ~ disabled
soldier.
make efforts, try hard.
fifty; ~ (the) fiftieth; ~ the
fifties.
right away, immediately.
wash-stand, washing-stand,
wash-hand-stand.
many-coloured, motley; gay; gaycoloured ( ); ~
non-ferrous metals.
|| 1) advantageous, profitable ();
2) () fit (for); good, suitable; ~
1) disadvantageous, unprofitable; 2) unfit,
useless ().
! good-bye! farewell!
anything entrusted to another; ~ deposit; ~ ()
withdraw a deposit; ~ depositor; ~ savings-bank.
labour , work; ~ wages (), pay, salary (); ~ ability to work; ~ workbook; ~ toil (at).
colleague; fellow workman.
collaboration, cooperation;
~ 1) cooperate, collaborate (with);
2) work ().
industrious, diligent.
action, deed, act; ~ practical (); constructive ().
|| appear, be generated; ~ make (up), generate, form.
operation; . ~ operate on.
uncle; ~, ~ cousin.
1) reliable, safe; 2) trustworthy, trusty;
~ make sure, assure; ~-
1) peace; 2) () law and order.
property; belongings; stock ( ); lands; possessions.
suck.
order, command; ~ command,
order; ~ give an order.
44

commodity; ~ commodity
production; ~ barter; ~
commodity exchange.
() nursing bottle; () soother.
most ( ); ~ most
bueatiful, ~ first of all; ~ the
best; ~ the worst; ~ the biggest;
~ the least; ~ the most; ~ at least.
fig.
tradition; ~ by tradition, traditionally; ~ traditional.
1) obstacle; ~ create obstacles, block; 2) () trouble, difficulty; ~ get into trouble; 3) ()
smth. wrong.
husband; ~ marry (a man); ~
be married; ~ married.
land, territory; ~ territorial
integrity.
Arab; Arabian; ~ Arabic.
Arabia.
eve; ~ New Year's Eve.
apricot; ~ apricot (-tree).
|| 1) melt; thaw (); 2) . lose
much weight (); vanish (
); ~ boiled butter; ghee;
~ melt.
application; ~ hand in an
application, apply in a written form.
pet; . spoilt.
provisions, food; ~ foodstuffs; ~ grocery; ~
food store; ~ store up
provisions.
during, within; ~ within a
month.
walking-stick ().
captivity; slavery; ~ under
the bondage; ~ enslave.
1. . foundation; base; ground ();
~ lay down the foundation;
2. . principal, basic, main; ~ ,
~ on the whole; in the main; mainly;
~ according to; under;
~ under the law; ~ basic law;
~ fixed capital; ~ main
data; ~ key industries; ~ principal cause; ~
primary activity.


ground, base (upon).
be guided (by), be based (upon);
take smth. as a basis.
1) ( ) well-grounded; sound;
convincing (); 2) (,
) thorough (); fundamental ().
groundless, baseless.
nerve; ~ suffer from nerves; ~ nervous system; ~ nervous; ~ be nervous; ~ nervousness.
make smb. nervous, get on
smb.'s nerves.
get nervous, be nervous.
I work (of art, literature); ~
musical composition; ~
works by (of) Nizami; ~
selected works; ~ a piece of art;
h ~ masterpiece.
II trace, sign ().
soldier; ~ compulsory
military service, conscription; ~
call up (for military service).
military service.
rag; duster ( ); ~- rags.
() origin; family (); 2) original (, ); ~ ,
~ as a matter of fact, in fact.
noble, nobleman, aristocrat.
captive, prisoner; ~ take smb.
prisoner; ~ be taken prisoner.
captivity.
1) less, shorter; ~ less by
five manats; ~ give short weight
(of); 2) () missing, lacking;
3) () base, mean.
1) shortage, lack ();
2) () defect; 3) () baseness,
meanness.
real; ~ real gold; ~ true friend;
~ genuine art.
never, not for the world.
blow (); shiver ();
~ tremble (shake) with fear.
|| yawn; ~ yawn.
century (100 ); age, ~ Middle
Ages.
object; thing; ~ household goods;
~ personal belongings.

flesh; meat ( ); ~
mutton; ~ beef; ~ fat, meaty; ~
() butcher; ~ butcher's
shop; ~ mince / grind meat;
~ minced / ground meat.
() meat-grinder, mincingmachine.
skirt (); foot ().
1) () aroma; odour, smell, scent;
2) () scent, perfume; ~ feel
/ catch the smell (of); ~ , ~
scent oneself, perfume oneself, use scent;
~ fragrant, sweet-scented.
. geranium.
1) side; surroundings, neighbourhood
(); ~ suburbs; ~ environment; ~ look around; ~
walk around; 2) . ~
extremeties (-).
1) comprehensive (), detailed
(); ~ speak in detail /
minutely.
replacement, substitution; ~ acting manager; ~ substitute, replace;
~, ~ instead, instead of, in return for.
. pronoun.
1. . beginnig; ~, ~ first of all,
firstly; in the first place; ~ at first; ~
the first; ~ first (); former; previous;
r ~ first of all; 2. . before; ago;
~ five days ago; ~ beforehand.
aristocrat, noble; peer ();
~ courtiers.
obvious; graphic; visual; ~
visual aids.
bend, stoop (), bow; curve;
incline (); become distorted (,
); get crooked.
1) bend, curve; 2) . distortion; ~
distort.
spin .
entertainment; amusement; ~
amusing, entertaining.
|| have a nice (good) time, amuse
oneself; ~ entertain, amuse.
sit down; ! Have a seat.
Be seated.
45


bend, crook, curve; bow ().
crooked, bent; curved (); perverse
(); ~ dishonest man; ~
unfair dealing; ~ by unfair means;
dishonestly; ~ sidelong glance;
~ look askew; ~ wrymouthed; ~ crookedness, perversity;
dishonesty.
drunkard; tippler, bibber.
torment, torture, pangs ( );
~ twinges of concience; ~ pangs of hell; ~ torment,
cause pain; ~ suffer torments, feel
oppressed (); ~
torment oneself (over); ~- anguish;
sufferings; ~ poignant, agonizing.
by heart; ~ , ~ learn
by heart, cram; ~ crammer.
1. . muscle; 2. . muscular; ~ sinewy,
brawny.
grandeur, greatness; ~ majestic,
grand, magnificent.
medlar.
crumpled; rumpled, squashy ();
~ -~ badly crumpled.
torment, torture, suffering; ~ torture; worry ( );
~ suffer, take pains (over); have
trouble (in); ~ put to trouble;
~ spare oneself; ~
poignant; distressing; painful ();
troublesome; ~ painless;
. Don't bother.
dear, darling; sweet; ~ caress,
pamper, coddle; ~ cherish.
resolution, determination; ~ resolutely, decisively; ~ resolved, determined.
1) crumple, crush; mash ();
2) () hurt, bruise; 3) oppress
( ); 4) dent (
).
1) crushing; 2) depressing ().

46

Ff
factory; plant, mill; ~
weaving-mill.
tragedy; disaster; ~ tragical, terrible,
tragic.
1) () poor; 2) humble, helpless,
meek; ~-~ humbly; ~ 1) poverty; need;
2) helplessness, meekness.
1) percentage, rate, per cent; /
~ one / two percent; 2) interest on capital;
~ lend at interest; ~ at
high interest; ~ interest bearing.
fact; ~ mention facts;
~ it's a fact; / ~ bare /
naked fact.
actual; real; ~ actually; practically; in fact.
factor.
bill, invoice.
faculty, department; ~
department of law.
omen; augury; fortune-telling; ~
palmistry; ~ cartomancy; ~ 1) tell a fortune; 2) surmise (at); ~
fortune-teller.
(sur)name, family name;
? What's his (sur)name?
~ maiden name.
fantastic(al); fabulous; ~
fiction; ~ fantasy; () science fiction.
fantasy, fancy; () imagination; . fantasia [-ta:z97].
1) leisure, rest, peace; ~ give smb. no rest, let smb. have
no peace; ~ leave
smb. alone / in peace; 2) quiet, mild, still;
~ stand still; ! ()
Attention! (!
) Eyes front!
pharpmacologist; ~() pharmacology.
Persian; ~ the Persian language.
interval; break; pause;
~ ten minutes' interval; ~ dinner
break; 8 ~ after an eightday recess; ~ off and on; ~

||
break off, interrupt; ~ 1) unbroken, continuous, uninterrupted; without a break;
2) continuously, uninterruptedly;
~ . The rain never ceased.
|| fascism; ~ fascist.
conqueror.
use; benefit; profit; advantage; ~?
What's the use? ~ it's no use;
~ benefit; ~ ( )
drive a profit from, make use of, profit by,
benefit by.
useful (); advantageous, profitable.
useless, in vain, unprofitable.
phaeton.
phase.
federation; ~ World Federation of
Trade Unions.
federative; federal; ~ federal state.
i verb.
newspaper /topical satire; ~ newspaper / topical satirist.
phenomenon; ~ phenomenal.
1. . feudal lord; 2. . feudal; ~
feudalism.
farm; - ~ breeding-farm.
farmer.
festival; fete [feit];
~ World Youth Festival.
February; ~ last
February; ~ next February.
active; industrious (); energetic; ~ take an active part.
1) activity, work; 2) () occupation, work; ~ inactivity, inertia.
become active.
activity.
sacrifice; ~ sacrifice; ~
be sacrificed.
self-sacrificing, self-denying,
devoted; selfless; ~ self-sacrifice.
one who sacrifices his life for a cause;
patriot.
scream, yell; wail (); ~
scream, yell; ( ) wail.
worker, workman, labourer; ~
working class; ~ labour party;

~ be a worker; ,
. Men make houses, womn
make homes.
pride; ~ be proud (of); take pride
(in); ~ honourary; ~ guard of
honour.
. vertebra; ~ spine, backbone.
but, only; however, nevertheless.
disaster, catastrophe, calamity, misfortune; ~ natural calamity; ~ disastrous, catastrophic; ~ scorge
of war.
fortune, destiny; ~
fate has denied me this; , , . Man proposes, God disposes. ~()
Who has suffered the buffets of
fate.
|| philosophy; ~ philosophical.
dogde (); ~ use a trick.
a trickster, a dodger.
lantern; lamp; street lamp; ~
(, ) electric torch, flash-light; flash;
pocket flash-light.
subject.
deserter; ~ desertion; ~
be a deserter.
sagacity; intuition; perspicacity;
mental facility, ability; ~ sagacious, perspicacious, acute, shrewd; capable; ~
unskilful; stupid; clumsy ().
person, individual; ~ personal, special.
individualist; ~ individualism.
delight, joy; ~ be
beside oneself with joy; ~
cry with joy; ~ my heart
fills with joy; ~ gladdening,
cheering; ~ glad, joyous, joyful, rapturous; ~ cheerless, dismal, dreary, gloomy,
sad.
make glad / happy; cause
joy (to); gladden.
be glad / happy; rejoice.
difference, distinction; ~ distinctive;
different; ~ in contrast to, unlike;
as distinct from; /
It makes no difference.
47


distinguish.
merit; distinguished services;
~ finish with honours; ~ honours diploma.
differ; be different (from).
rather good; worthy; proper, suitable
(); ~- () decent (-).
1) command; 2) decree; ~
issue a decree.
1) unfit; 2) worthless; good-fornothing ( ); incapable ().
loud scream, wail; cry for help;
~ cry out; call for help; ~
go to the rescue of one calling for help.
supposition; assumption; ~ suppose, surmise; assume; ~ , ,
suppose it is a triangle;
~ supposedly; ~
suppositional.
1) supposition; 2) hypothesis ().
1) discord (); malice; intrigue
(); ~ sow discord; 2) .
( ) complication, aftereffects.
1) chapter (); 2) season ().
. family.
conquest; ~ conquer.
flat bread, pancake.
fountain; ~ oil gusher; ~ gush, spring forth.
space; ~ outer space.
hasel-nut; ~() peanut, ground
nut; ~ nut-tree.
snub-nosed; with a turned up
nose.
nutcrackers.
|| snort, sniff; ~ snorting, sniffing.
brush; ~ tooth brush; r ~
painting brush.
shady transaction, fraud, swindle;
cheating, trickery; shady enterprise (); ~ swindle, cheat ().
swindler; adventuress, trickster,
cunning fellow.
|| 1) revolve; turn; whirl, go round;
. The Earth
revolves on its axis; 2) rotation, revolution; ~ rotation of a wheel;
48

~ the earth's revolution

round the sun; bam I am dizzy.
whirl, twist, turn, spin.
snivel; ~ snivel.
gale, storm; ~ storm petrel; ~
stormy.
|| puff; hiss; ~ puffing.
pistachio-nut.
|| hiss; ~ hissing.
. fibroma.
plant, sapling, seedling, shoot.
()r 1) thought, idea, conception, mind;
2) opinion (); 3) intention ();
~ pay attention; take notice; ( ) take care; ~
exchange of opinions / views; ~
speak about; ~ express
one's opinion; ~ grieve;
~ have a high opinion; ~
have an intention; ~ siz thoughtless, unintelligent; ~ in my opinion; I think; to
my mind; ~ distracted, preoccupied; ~ come into one's mind;
~ intend, be going to; ~
change one's mind; ~ collect one's thoughts; ~ bear in one's mind; ~ ponder, give oneself up to reflection.
think; ponder, consider ( ).
thoughtful, preoccupied; ~-~ thoughtfully.
. pawl; stop; latch; holder.
1) figure; 2) . chess-man, piece;
~ geometrical figure; ~ figureskater; ~ figure-skating.
1) elephant; 2) bishop (); ~
tusk; ~ ivory;
. There is a still greater one to be
found. make
mountains out of molehills.
such and such: ~ so and so.
philanthropist; ~ philanthropy.
philarmonic society.
|| philately; ~ philatelist, stampcollector.
branch (office), subsidiary;
~ branch of the institute.
ore; ~ iron ore; ~ oremine; ~ ore-deposit.


pictures, film; . movie; ~ feature film; ~ U (universal) film; ~ dubbed film;
~ horror film; a~ film strips;
~ . western; ~ adventure film; ~ cartoon film; ~
colour film; ~ documentary;
~ sound film, talkie; ~ silent film;
o ~ serial; 16
~ film; ~ shoot a film; make a film; ~
release a film.
|| philologist; ~ philology; ~
philological; ~ philological
department.
philosopher; ~ philosophizing;
~ philosophize, be philosophical.
filter; sifter; ~ light filter; ~
filtration.
Finn; ~ Finnish, the Finnish language.
1) () finale [-na:li]; 2) . final;
~ finals.
cup; ~ a cup of coffee.
. finish; ~ finish; come to
finish; ~ break a finishing
tape.
abundant; prosperous; ~ wellto-do man; ~ 1) prosperity; 2) abundance.
firm.
1) Pharaon; 2) . tyrant, cruel man.
turquoise; ~ r turquoise (colour).
rocket; ~ let off a rocket.
whistle; hooter ( .); horn
(); ~ whistle; hoot; horn;
~ () whistle; () blow a
whistle; ~ () hiss.
wick; fuse; . incitement.
1) instigation; intrigue; mischiefmaking; 2) mischief-maker, instigator,
intriguer; ~ trouble-maker.
alms given at the close of the Ramadan.
physicist; ~ physical; ~ manual / physical labour.
physics; ~ physics laboratory.
physiology.
|| physiologist; ~ physiological; ~
physiological / salt solution.
physical therapy; ~
physical-therapy room.

1) () flag-officer; 2) ()
flagship.
phlegmatic person.
flute; ~ flutist.
. flora.
. swollen cheek.
o foxtrot.
o I . focus.
II trick; conjuring tricks; ~ juggle; ~ conjurer, juggler.
folklore; ~ specialist in folklore.
background; ~ against the background.
fund; ~ currency reseves;
~ gold fund; ~ wages
fund; ~ basic stock of words;
~ reserve fund; ~ relief
fund; ~ available land.
phoneme.
phonetic.
phonetics.
phonetician.
phonogram.
fountain; ~ oil gusher.
1) form; shape; ~ in the form
of a globe; ball-shaped; ~ in written form, in writing; 2) . mould ();
3) () uniform; ~ , ~
give a shpe (of), give a form
(of), mould; ~ shped, in the form of.
formal; . lack of interest; ~ formal attitude.
be formed, be shaped; develop into.
piano.
o photo; ~ camera; ~ studio;
photographer's; ~ film; ~ take
a picture / photo; ~ ( ) develop a film; ~
picture story; photo-report; ~
newspaper / magazine photographer.
photographer.
photography.
foyer.
extrordinary; ~
extraordinarily, extremely; ~
state of emergency; ~
ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary.
49

||

|| instantaneous, instant; momentary

(); ~ instantly.
fragment.
. fraction.
( ) franc.
French; Frenchman (); Frenchwoman (); ~ French.
phrase.
phraseology.
phraseological; ~ phraseological dictionary.
cutter, mill, milling cutter; ~
milling machine; ~ milling-machine
operator.
fundamental; solid, substantial; basic (); ~ solid building;
~ main library.
funicular.
|| function; ~ functional.
1) pound ( ); 2) ~
pound (sterling) ( );
~ five-pound note.
luggage-van.
football, . soccer; ~
football team; ~ pitch, field; ~
football player, footballer; ~
sports shirt, football jersey.
case.
chance, opportunity; occasion; ~
seize / use an opportunity;
~ miss the opportunity,
lose the chance.
charming, fascinating, lovely.

Gg
sometimes; now; ~ , ~ now
right, now left; ~ , ~ first one,
then another.
plum; prunes ( ).
late; ~-~ seldom; ~- sooner or later.
night; ~ (at) midnight; ~
good night.
spend the night, stay overnight.
delay, detain; hold up; ~ withhold salaries.
50

be late (for).
I wide (); () loose; broad; ~ spacious; ~- live a wellto-do life.
II . gene, ~ genetic; ~
genetics.
general.
widen; become loose ().
wide, broad; spacious (), vast;
~ open-hearted; ~ on a
large scale.
expand, become wider.
geology.
|| geologist; ~ geological.
arms; ~ State Emblem; National
Emblem.
true, actual; ~ reality.
back, backwards; ~ be behind,
fall behind, lag behind; be backward;
~ return (); turn round
( ); come back; ~ backwards; ~ behind.
backwardness; lagging behind.
. - gradually; little by
little.
1) go; visit ( ); 2) leave
( , ); ~ faint,
lose consciousness; . love madly; ~ loathe, hate.
clothes; ~ outwear / street
clothes; ~ underwear, underclothes;
~ well-dressed.
dress.
1) dress ( ); 2) ( ) wear; 3) . (
) put on.
carpet, rug.
future; next, forthcoming ();
~ coming generation; next generation; . ~ future tense.
next (, ); coming.
bride (); daughter-in-law (
).
as to; ~ as to me.
() doll, puppet.
profit; output; ~ annual income;
~ national income; ~ net income;
~ make profit; ~ show
profit.
profitable, productive.


1) come; arrive (); .
~ come to oneself, regain consciousness (); 2) appear (); spring came;
... it seems to me that...
ship, vessel; ~ on board (ship);
~ naval architect; ~ warship; ~ cargo ship.
navigation.
shipbuilding.
. rodent, gnawer.
gnaw.
young; green; ~ the youth, young
people.
become young.
youth; ~ green years.
it is necessary (to); ~
we must speak to him; ~ you should go to a doctor, you ought
to go to a doctor; ~ the letter should be sent today.
necessary ( ); useful
().
unnecessary; useless.
strained, tense, intense; ~
intensify; ~ tensity; tention; relax international tension.
bring; fetch; ~ create; ~ bear fruit; ~ be profitable; ~ give an example;
~ horrify; ~ set in motion; ( ) lead (to), result (in);
~ () bring smb. round.
belch.
loose (); reveller ().
walk; ~ outdoor fete; ~
go for a walk.
pace up and down; go to and fro;
have a walk (, ).
walk; have a walk; ~ travel
all over the world.
fool, idiot ().
go round, be dizzy, feel giddy.
temple.
|| hygiene; ~ hygienic.
clay; ~ pottery.
cherry; sweet cherry.
1) drop (); 2) ~ granate
seed; ~ grapelet; 3) () pupil.

berry.
() cherry.
roll.
roll.
gymnast; ~ gymnastics.
|| gynaecologist; ~ gynaecological; ~ women's deseases.
plaster, plaster card; ~
put the arm in plaster.
round; ~ round-faced.
1) entrane (); entry ( );
2) preface ( ); ~ opening
speech.
1) enter, come in; go in;
~ enter into reltion; ~ go to work;
~ join the party;
~ go to University; 2) ( )
shrink.
guarantee; security (); hostage
(); ~ leave as guarantee;
~ () take hostage.
hide.
hide and seek.
hide, conceal (); keep to oneself (); . Murder will out.
1. c. secret; underground (); 2. .
secretly, covertly, in secret ( ).
stout, fat.
navel; ~() heart of the city.
mushroom; . ~ fungous
disease.
short.
shorten.
lake; - , -
. Many a little makes a mickle.
puddle, pool.
customs; ~ customs-duty;
~ customs free, duty-free.
custom-house; ~ customs official.
skin; ~ thick-skinned.
send; ~ post, . mail.
according to; as, becuse;
~ as I was ill; ~ according to the law.
notable, distinguished.
see, notice ( );
~ dream, have a dream; ~ do some work.
51


worth seeing; ~ places of
interest; sightseeing.
1) come in sight, appear (
); be seen; 2) seem ();
he seems very clever;
... it seems that...;
it looks like rain.
appearance; view ().
1) meeting; 2) ( ) date,
appointment; ~ make an
appointment; 3) . ~ friendly
match; ~ world outlook; . See you soon.
meet; come across ().
proof, indictor; index (. indeces); ~ achieve good
results, make a good showing.
instructions.
show, point to ( );
~ show oneself; ~ perform a play;
~ display courage; ~ put out
one's tongue. !
I'll teach you.
take; pick up (); ~ give
a job, employ; ~ follow smb.'s
example; ~ adopt a child;
~ admit to the University.
1) trunk, body (); 2) hull (); 3) frame (); 4) . trunk, stem.
chew.
I sky, heaven; ~ ()
praise to the skies; ~ ()
squander one's money; ~ celestial sphere; ~ celestial bodies;
heavenly bodies; ~ rainbow;
~ thunder.
II 1) blue (); ~ navy blue; ~ blue-eyed; 2) green; ~ green
forest.
pigeon (), dove ().
1) become blue; 2) become green
(); he has a
blue eye.
deck, board; ~ on
board the ship.
greens ().
ache.
hooping-cough.
eye; ~ apple of the eye; ~
pupil of the eye; ~ eyelid; ~
52

white of the eye; ~ tear; ~

wink, ~ keep an eye on; ~-
be cautious, be all eyes and ears;
( ) ~ desire
smb. (smth.) strongly; ~
come in sight, appear; ~ disappear; ~ shut one's eyes
to smth.; ~ catch sight of;
~ blink; ~
stare at; ~ open one's eyes
wide; ~ screw up one's
eyes; ~ be on the verge of
tears; ~ envy; ~ ( ) blindfold; ~
congratulations; ~ eye clinic;
~ oculist; ~ pan of a
niddle; ~ pan of a spring; ~ pan of scales;
Out of sight, out of mind.
invisible.
1. . beauty; 2. . beautiful, pretty ();
handsome (), fine; ~ fine weather.
become / get prettier.
beauty; ,
. Fine feathers make fine birds.
watchman, guard.
wait (for); take care.
suddenly, unexpectedly.
unexpected.
spectacles, glasses, sunglasses ( ); ~ wear
glasses.
vigilant.
1) () ignorant; 2) with one's
eyes closed.
thunder, roar;
It is thundering.
thunder; roar ( -); ~ roar of traffic; ~ thunder.
stormy, violent; ~ storm
of applause.
as if, as though; ~ as if I
am a child.
fertilizer; dung; manure; ~ put
fertilizer.
strength; force; power; ~
with all one's strength; ~ by force
of arms; ~ horse power; ~
power of a state; ~ use force; ~
be able to do; ~


it's beyond my power; ~
everything in my power;
~ shout at the top of
one's voice; ~ lend strength;
~ become weak; ,
. Many hands make things light.
1) () with difficulty; , ~
He could hardly walk; 2) (
) by force.
strengthen, intensify, reinforce.
increase (); get stronger;
() grow louder; it began
to rain harder.
strong, powerful (); ~
high wind; ~ heavy rain;~
severe frost; ~ hard blow; ~
violent passion.
() weak, feeble; ( )
powerless.
spy on; shadow (arxasnca );
~ seek profit.
flower; blossom (); ~ rose;
~ cauliflower; ~ bloom,
blossom; ~ trees are in blossom; ~ florist's (shop).
flowerpot.
1) make laugh; 2) amuse.
smiling, cheerful.
wrestling; ~ free-style wrestling.
wrestle.
bullet; cartridgeshoot; ~ execute by shooting ( );
~ blank cartridge.
flowered, flower covered; ~ printed calico; ~ para gaily-patterned fabric.
rosary.
laugh; ,
. He who laughs at a crooked man
should need walk very straight.
. It would make
even a cat laugh.
ridiculous; ~ get
into an absurd situation.
1) supposition; 2) guess-work; ~ suppose; ~ hope.
silver; ~ silvery.
I day; ~-~ from day to day; ~
every other day; ~ every day; ~ ~
day by day; from day to day; ~

() one of these days; ()

the other day ( ); ~
recently; . ~ ensure / provide
well-to-do life.
II () sun; ~ . The sun is rising;
~ . The sun is setting; ~ at
sunrise; ~ at sunset.
guilt, fault, sin, error; ~ sin;
~ atone for guilt; ~ take the blame (upon); ~ forgive; ~ guilty; ~ innocent; sinless, not guilty.
1. . diary (); 2. . daily
().
day-time; ~ day shift;
~ matinee; ~ day-light.
sunflower; ~ sunflower
oil; ~ sunflower seeds.
sun; ~ sunshine; sunlight; ~
sun-beam; ~ solar system; ~ sunstroke; ~ be suntanned; ~ lie in the sun;
sunbathe.
sunny.
noon; ~ at noon; ~ sonra
in the afternoon.
Georgian; ~ Georgia.
() adder.
trust, rely on.
concession; abatement ();
~ make concession, compromise;
bate (); ~ on preferential
terms.
mirror, looking-glass.

Hh
forked; ~ forked road; ~
forked-tail.
event; incident; occurrence;
~ accident; misfortune.
memory; ~ forget; slip
one's memory; ~ having good memory;
~ forgetful.
1. .1) () ruler, governer;
2) judge (); 3) . referee,
53


umpire; 2. . ruling, dominating; ~
the party in power; ~ ruling classes.
domination; power; government; ~ sovereign power; ~ local
authorities; ~ be in power; ~
come to power.
1) () justice; ~ cause of justice; 2) () right; ~ have a
right; 3) ~ wages, salary;
~ rent; ~ tuition fee; ~
membership dues; ! I swear
by God!
h about, of.
right; ~ be right; ~ just
demand.
unjust (); wrong ().
1) () state; 2) () situation,
condition, circumstance; 3) strength; quality; ~ have no strength left;
~ ? What has happened to you? ? How are
you? ~ ask after smb's
health; . I don't
feel like going; ~ in any case, at any
rate; ~ in this case; ~ under
present circumstances; 4) . case.
permitted by shariat; lawful; ~ honest labour; ~
earn one's living honestly.
however, nevertheless, whereas.
ring, hoop; circle; ~ furnish with
a ring, encircle; ~ linked, ringed.
weak, exhausted, weary.
baths, bath-house; () bath-room.
smooth, even (), plane ();
~ smooth, make even.
porter.
all; everybody, all the people; ~
all together.
protector.
where is..., where are...
which, what; what kind of, what sort of.
. where; what place?
~ ? Where are you going? ~ ... wherever you go...; ~
? Where are you coming from?
~ where; ~ from where; ~ from
what place.
1) forbidden by religion; 2) earned in
dishonest way; 3) . ~ spinal marrow.
54

fene; ~ fence; set up a fence.

1) () sum; 2) result, outcome;
~ come out.
product, output.
1) border, edging; () selvege;
planking; 2) () margin.
I 1) air; ~ fresh air; ~ in
the open air; ~ air line; 2) weather;
/ ~ cold / hot weather;
. It's fine today. ~ weather forecast.
II () tune; music; ~
dance-music; ~ play a tune.
having fresh air.
1) () vain, useless ();
~ in vain; 2) () free of charge.
stuffy, airless.
response; ~ respond; ~-,
~- racket, row; ~- make
a racket, kick up a row.
! Come! Be off!
hail.
ready; prepared; ready-made (
.); ~ prepare, get smth. ready;
-~ at present, nowadays.
witty, sharp-minded; ~ wit.
present.
prepare, get smth. ready;
~ make dinner.
prepare (for); get ready.
preparation; ~ preparatory
period.
syllable; ~ spell out by syllables.
no; ~ nobody; ~ nothing; ~
nowhere; ~ never; ~
I've no money; ~ at least.
- . draw; ~-~ end in
a draw.
1. . hegemony; 2. . hegemonic.
narration; story.
hectare.
1) calculation; counting; 2) . score;
~ score; 3) () arithmetic;
4) () account; ~ consider.
account, report; ~ report (to).
calculation, computation; ~ computer; ~ computation
centre.
count, calculate, compute.

||
|| ( ) take into consideration; ( ) ~
have no consideration for anyone (for
anything), ignore everybody (everything);
. His opinion carries much weight.
staff; ~ delegation;
~ board; ~ editorial
board; ~ personnel.
: 1) it is a pity..., what a pity;
2) unfortunately; ~ take
vengeance on.
1) feel sorry (for); pity; be
sorry; 2) regret ( ).
alas!
statue; sculpture; ~ set up a
monument (to).
sculptor.
delighted, astounded;~ charm,
delight; amaze; ~ be delighted, be
charmed.
amazement, admiration; ~ with
admiration.
amazement, astonishment; ~ , ~ amaze, strike; ~ , ~ be amazed / surprised /
struck; ~ striking.
quince.
1) animal, beast (); ~
animal kingdom; 2) . stupid, fool.
cattle-breeder; ~ cattle-breeding; stock-breeding.
zoological park; . z.
1) yes, . yeah; 2) well; ~,
well, come on.
pill.
arrest; ~ be under arrest;
~ arrest.
jail, prison.
volume; ~ capacious.
1) boundary; limit; ~ beyond
measure; ~ know one's place;
~ be above oneself, presume; ~ / pass the bounds;
~ there is no limit; 2) degree,
extent; ~ to a certain
degree; ~ unbounded, unlimited; innumerable ().
- age; . majority; ~
come of age; ~ be under age.

threat; ~ threaten, menace.

1) target; 2) aim; ~ hit the
mark; ~ miss the target.
useless, vein; ~ in vein, for
nothing.
gift, present; ~ present; give
something as a present.
week; (, , .) ~ in a
week, in two (three) weeks; ~ for
weeks; ~ ( ) weekend.
weekly; per week.
doctor, physician; ~ dentist;
~ oculist; ~ cardiologist; ~
veterinary surgeon, vet;
profession of a doctor; ~
work as a doktor.
insult, humiliation.
truth; reality; justice (); ~
truly, really.
actual, real, true.
: ~ perish; die; . be utterly
done up.
still; yet ( ); ~
. He is still ill. O ~ . He
hasn't come yet.
for the present, for the time being;
() ! See you soon.
So long.
solution, settlement; ~ 1) () solve, settle; 2) () dissolve; ~
decisive.
and also, too; ~...~ ... both...and...; as
well as.
also, as well, too; ( ) either.
of the same opinion.
always; ~ for ever.
attack, onslaught, dash; ~
attack, dash.
solidary; ~ be solidary (with);
be of the same opinion (with); ~ solidarity.
having the same boundary.
of the same age.
fellow country-man, townsman.
geometry.
every; ~ each; everyone; ~
every time, always; ~ everywhere;
~ everyone; ~ 55


at whatever cost; ~ whoever;
~ every day;~ whatever; ~
in any case; ~ anybody;
~ anything.
heat; fever (); ~
have a temperature; ~ warmly, cordially; ~ warm; ~ take smb.'s
temperature.
war; warfare; ~ military; ~
martial law; ~ munitions factory;
~ military academy; ~
military uniform; ~ military
expenses; ~ military service; ~
medical officer; ~ Military
Council; ~ service man, military man.
|| militarize; ~ militarization.
though, although.
. at times, now and
then, sometimes.
. movement.
movement, motion, act; behaviour
(); ~ street traffic; ~
1) depart from ( ); 2) () behave, act; ~ start ();
~ motionless.
letter; ~ capital letter; ~ literal; ~
literally, without exageration; ~
literal translation.
fellow, rascal.
detailed; comprehensive, thorough.
envy, jealousy; ~ envy.
mat; straw-mat.
: ~ devote, dedicate;
~ the meeting held in memory of Nizami.
longing, yearning; ~ long
(for); yearn (for, after).
very sensitive, tactful; delicate in
feeling; ~ sensitiveness; perceptivity;
delicay of feeling; tactfulness.
insects; reptiles.
eighty; ~ the eightieth; ~
the eighties.
even.
inclination (to, for), disposition; interest, desire; ~ have desire; feel like;
~ . I don't feel like
56

going; ~ lose interest (in); ~

arouse interest; ~ with enthusiasm; willingly; ~ by one's own wish.
1) ( ) lover; 2) (
) amateur.
h encourage; stimulate;
awake interest.
encouraging, stimulating.
shame, modesty, bashfulness.
bashful, modest.
shameless, impudent; ~ shamelessness, impudence; ~ shamelessly.
life; ~ vital.
excitement; anxiety, alarm; emotion; ~ get excited; ~ excited;
anxious.
get excited.
yard, courtyard.
sad, melancholic; ~ mournful melody.
digestion; ~ digest; . swallow; ~ dijestive organs.
excellency; ~ the Prophet
(Muhammed); ... ~ His Excellency.
pleasure, delight; ~ take pleasure (in); enjoy.
|| 1) hiccough; 2) sobbing ();
~-~ sob; ~ have the
hiccoughs.
maq hiccough.
separation; parting.
anger, fury; ~ angry, violent; furious.
become angry; be furious.
hydrogen; ~ H. bomb.
: ~ preserve, protect.
anthem.
Indian.
turkey.
anger; ~ burst out with
anger; ~ angry.
angrily.
get angry.
soot; ~ smoke; ~
smoked; ~ smoky; sooty.
sense; perception; feeling; ~
organs of sense; ~ sense of humour;
~ responsibility; ~
be sentimental; ~ feel; perceive;
/ ~ feel well / bad.


part, portion; ~ spare parts;
~ military unit.
sensation; feeling.
trick; cunning; ~ fraudulent; deceitful; sly, cunning; ~ trickery; ~ use cunning, cheat, swindle.
trick; ~ do tricks, conjure;
~ conjuror; ~ trickery.
Dutchman; Dutchwoman; ~
Dutch.
soak (into), be absorbed.
jump.
pond; ~ swimming pool.
1) () command, order; 2) . sentence, verdict; ~ pass a sentence;
~ reign.
ruler.
by all means; without fail, certainly.
sovereign, dictator.
rule; ~ rule, reign.
government, . administration;
~ government offices; .
administration.
. - sob.
sobbing.
() braid, plait; ~ twine a
wreath; ~ build a wall.
respect; esteem; ~ respect,
honour; ~ lose respect; ~
disgrace.
respectful.
worthy of respect; respectable;
honourable; ( ) dear.
disrespect; lack of respect;
~ act disrespectfully.
plait, braid; ~ plait, braid.
spider; ~ spider's web.
patience; ~ get nervous, lose patience.
patient.
impatient.
impatience; ~ be impatient.
basin.
peach.
humanitarian; ~ humanities; ~ bakalavr Bachelor
of Arts (BA) (Avropa Universitetlrind).

1) sense, conciousness; ~
lose consciousness; 2) () memory;
~ 1) unconscious; 2) absent-minded
( ).
. cell.
cell.
attack; ~ surprise attack;
~ air attack; ~ attack.
1) attacker; 2) . forward.
bounds, limits; () frontier, border; ~ within the bounds;
~ overstep the limits.
boundless, infinite.
1) right; ~ the vote;
~ civic rights.; 2) ()
law.
legal, juridical.
jurist, lawyer.
tall (), high ().
height; . altitude;
~ at the altitude of ten thousand metres.
1) () courage, boldness; () skill; ~ display courage.
courageous, bold; skilful.
bark.
freedom, liberty.
sadness, melancholy; ~ mournful, sad.
: ~ in the presence of.

Xx
cross; ~ ( ) crusade;

International Red Cross Organization;
~ cross oneself; ~
( ) baptize, christen;
~ / godfather, godmother.
christin.
christianity; ~() adopt christianity, become christian.
figure; ~ statesman;
~ public figure; ~ scientist; ~ artist.
request, ~ request, ask.
1. . traitor; 2. c. treacherous, deceitful,
perfidious.
57


treachery; perfidy; ~ betray;
become a traitor.
I () point; ~ score
points.
II () mole, birth-mark; ~-~, ~
spotty, dappled (a).
aunt; ~, ~ cousin.
carpet; ~ weave a carpet;
~ hand-made carpet;
~ pile carpet; ~ pileless carpet,
flat-woven carpet.
carpet-maker; ~ manufacture of
carpets.
pure, real; ~ net weight.
people; nation (); ~
national economy; ~ folk-song;
~ public inspection; ~
popular front.
1) raw; ~ raw material; 2) () inexperienced; 3) virgin ().
sour cream.
singer.
lady, mistress; ( ) Mrs.; () Madam; ~
young lady; ( ) Miss.
ruin; ~ ruin, destroy; devastate; ~ be ruined, be destroyed.
ruins; ~() turn into
ruins.
.
characteristic.
mustard; . ~ mustard
plaster.
1) outside; out of; ~ expell;
2) () abroad; ~, ~ abroad; ~
from abroad.
foreign; () foreigner; ~
foreign policy; ~ Ministry
of Foreign Affairs; Foreign Office (); ~ Foreign Secretary
(); State Secretary ().
miracle, wonder.
extraordinary, unusual.
carpenter.
1) specific; peculiar (to); 2) characteristic.
character, temper, disposition,
nature; ~ gentle nature; ~ bad
temper; ~ ill-tempered; ~
good-natured.
58

property; peculiarity.
1) error, mistake, blunder ();
~ make a mistake; 2) danger
(); ~ escape danger; ~ get into trouble; ~
dangerous.
|| remember; ~
forget; ~ occur to one's mind;
~ remind (of) ( );
resemble ().
memory; recollections; ~
diary; ~ memorial monument.
1) () profit, benefit; ~
in his favour; ~ derive benefit
(from); ~ ? What use is it to
anyone? 2) () good, well; ~ ,
~ do good; be useful; ~
it's useless, there is no good; ~ marriage; ! Good news, I hope.
~ useless; unprofitable.
- blessings; ~ bless.
useful; () profitable.
1. . well-wisher (); 2. .
benevolent, well-disposed; ~ benevolence.
much, many; considerably, rather, fairly;
a great deal of.
no, not.
1) information (); 2) news;
3) knowledge; 4) . predicate; ~
1) () ask; 2) inquire, make
inquiry; ~ inform; let smb. know;
~ I know; I am aware; ~ . I know nothing about it; I have not
heard; ~ bad news.
gossiper ( ); tell-tale;
sneak; informer; ~ denounciation; ~
denounce, inform; sneak (about).
informed; aware; ~ inform;
warn.
warning; () notice; ~ give a warning.
uninformed, unaware;
~ without my knowledge.
wicked; vicious.
eunuch.
shame; ~ be ashamed.
light, gentle, soft; ~ softly, gently.
detective; secret agent.


dust-pan.
sieve; ~, ~ sieve;
sift.
grandson; descendant; () follower.
gown; bathrobe; smock ();
surgical coat (); (
) oriental robe.
secret; veiled; ~ in secret, stealthily
(-).
dough; pastry (); ~
knead dough.
daggar.
expenditure, expenses; ~
bear the expenses; ~
cause smb. spend money.
expend, spend, use.
money for current expenses; ~()
pocketmoney.
1) . crawfish, crayfish; lobster
(); 2) . cancer; ~ cancerous /
malignant tumour.
map; chart ().
damage ( );
injury ( ); ~ be
injured; ~ cuse damage (to).
greedy, stingy, mean; . close-fisted.
meanness, stingyness; ~ be
stingy.
ill, sick; ~ be ill; ~.
He is always ailing.
hospital.
fall ill.
ik illness, disease; ~ infectious / contagious desease; ~() heart
desease.
ruler.
1) line; ~ railway line;
~ method of proceeding; 2) ()
handwriting; ~ calligraphy.
1) dream, daydream; 2) imagination;
fancy; ~ fantastic, imaginary; ~
be lost / plunged in thoughts; ~ imagine, bring to mind; ~ flash through one's mind.
dreamer, castle-builder.
treachery, perfidy; () faithlessness; ~ high treason; betrayal;
~ betray; () be unfaithful,
cheat; ~ traitor, betrayer.

fur.
1) hidden treasure (); 2) treasury.
. henna; ~ dye
one's hair with henna; ~ henna-dyed.
small, little; ~ small coin / change;
~-~ chop, cut to small pieces.
1) () change; 2) break to
small pieces.
small wares; ~ haberdashery; ~ seller of small wares.
wheese; speak hoarsely.
hoarse voice; husky voice; ~ hoarse,
husky.
threshing-floor.
rustle.
rustle, rustling.
1) service; ~ military service,
service in the forces; ~ be
on the active force, serve in the Army;
~ medicl service; ~ communication service; 2) service, attendance
(, ); ~ official
(, ); ~ serve.
service man; () servant,
servant-girl, house-maid.
rescue; salvation; escape; ~
escape, get away; ~ rescue; save.
rescuer; ~ salvation Army.
. larynx; gullet; throat ();
. ~() be fed up;
~() seize smb. by the
throat.
addressing a person.
alley, avenue.
cucumber.
ski ( ); slade, sleigh
( );
~ idman skiing; ~ ski, go
skiing; ~ skier; ~ drive
in a sledge / sleigh.
choir; ~ in chorus.
trunk.
|| snore; ~ snore, snoring.
cock.
pleasant, agreeable; favourable; ~
fine weather; ~ good news; ~
like; ~ dislike;
~ you are welcome! ~ ! Good-bye.
59

happy, lucky.
hapiness; ~ fortunately,
luckily.
like, be fond (of).
meal, dish; ~ table-spoon; ~
make a meal; cook; ~
cook; ~ waiter, waitress ().
christian; ~ christianity.
good-bye; ~ say good-bye.
date.
especially, particularly; above all.
1) special, especial; 2) private (); 3) . ~ proper noun; ~
specific weight.
peculiarity; feature.

praying; ~ pray.
consisting; ~ consist of.
1) devil, satan, deuce; 2) . sly, cunning one.
example; warning; admonition; ~
take a lesson.
edifying; instructive.
1) primary (); elementary
(); 2) primitive ().
: ~ invent.
rent, lease; ~ lease, rent;
~ lease, have on lease, hold on
lease; ~ rent, rental; ~
( ) for rent, for lease;
~ tenancy agreement.
hm. dar leaseholder; tenant.
permission; ~ allow; permit.
compulsory; ~ forced labour.
meeting, gathering, sitting (); ~ general meeting; ~
open the meeting; ~ close the
meeting.
(, ) round-up, commentary; ~ sports round-up.
reviewer; commentator (,
).
execution; performance; accomplishment; ~ carry out; perform; execute.
60

executor; ~ officer o the

law.
executive; ~ o Executive
Committee.
social; ~ social system;
~ background, birth rank; ~
social insurance; ~ social security; ~ public figure; ~ public
opinion; ~ public life; ~
public property.
the public; ~ the scientific
world.
interior; ~ inside, inner side;
~ in the room; ~ into; ~ out
of; ~ within three days;
~ keep raising difficulties; ~ get out of a
difficulty.
the inside; in; to the inside; ~ from
inside; ~ please come in.
drink, beverage; ~ strong
drinks; ~ soft drinks; ~ take to drink; ~ drunkard.
drink; ~ drink smb.'s health;
drink to; / / ~ have tea / water
/ coffee; ~ take medicine;
~ take an oath; . I have
doubts.
1) management, direction; superintendence; ~ administer, manage; () conduct; () govern; 2) () office, administration; ~ board.
1) claim; 2) pretention; ~ bring an action against; lodge a claim
against; ~ pretend; ~ lofty, pretencious.
. plaintiff, pretendant; ()
challenger.
1. . ideal; 2. . ideal, perfect.
idealism.
1. . idealist; 2. . idealistic.
idealize.
1. . idea; 2. . ideological.
import; ~ import; ~ importer.
physical exercise, training; sport; ~
go in for sports; ~
physical education; ~ sport
ground, playing-field; ~ kostyumu sports
kit; ~ oyunlar games.


sportsman; athlete.
reason, mind; intelligence.
reasonable, wise; sensible; intelligent, perceptive.
performance; fulfilment; ~ perform; play; sing (); ~ performer;
singer ().
expression; ~ express;
~ put into words.
expressive.
bankruptcy; insolvency; ~
go bankrupt, be broke.
secretion; ~ secrete ();
excrete ( ), discharge (); ~ (.) excretions; ()
discharge.
exsposure; ~ expose, unmask;
~ prove smb. a liar.
pride; ~ be proud of; ~
proudly.
brave, courageous; valiant; ~
. It's not a thing anybody can do.
courage; bravery; . pluck, heroism.
disturbance, unrest; ~ disturb the peace.
export; ~ export; ~
export earnings.
disagreement, difference; ~
provoke disagreement; ~
international friction.
invention; ~ invent.
inventor.
abridgement (); reduction
(); cutting down (); .
cancellation; abbriviation (); ~
shorten, abridge; () reduce, cut
down; () abbriviate; ~ abridged,
shortened; for short.
speciality; profession; ~ skilled,
traine.
specialize (in).
right; will; ~ of one's own will.
while being; while.
two; ~ the second; ~ twice; ~
twice as many, twice as much; ~
double; ~-~ in pairs.
bilateral (); two-way
(; ).

hypocritical; having two faces, double faced (); ~ hypocrite; ~

hypocrisy.
residence.
1. . climate; 2. . climatic.
economy.
economist.
economic; ~
European Economic Community.
economy.
year; ~ New Year; -~ ,
~ very seldom, just for once;
~ all the year round; ~ for years,
for a long time.
divine; ~ theology; ~
idolize; ! My God! Good Lord!
snake; serpent; ~ . treacherous; repulsive; ~ snaky, snake-shaped;
spiral, winding; ~ snake-skin;
~ arouse the spite
of a venomous and powerful person.
. ell.
. snail.
anniversary.
lightning; ~ at lightning
speed; ~ The lightning is flashing.
(-, -) with; ~ with a pen;
~ in ink; ~ by plane;
~ My friend and I.
1) ( ) buttonhole; 2) loop,
noose (); ~ make a buttonhole;
~ loop ().
inspiration; ~ be inspired /
encouraged (by); ~ inspire /
encourage smb.
warm; ~ soft-boiled egg.
marrow; () penetrate to the marrow.
be fastened to; hold on slightly; get
caught, catch (on); ~ catch on a nail.
1) fasten, attach; get hold (of); 2)
() hit, strike.
first; ~ first; for the first time; ~
at the first attempt; at the first
shot.
primary (); first, early.
annual, yearly; ~ one year old; ~
annual income; ~ yearly subscription; ~ a very old friend.
61


porthale (), window
().
illustration; ~ illustrated.
illusion; ~ create illusion.
courteous / kind treatment; favour; ~
treat with kindness; be kind;
~ polite, favourable, amiable, benovelent.
inflammation; ~ become
inflamed; ~ phneumonia; ~ nephritis;
~ peritonitis; ~ inflammatory
process; ~ inflamed.
imam, religious leader.
faith, belief; ~ have faith
(in); ~ believe (in).
faithful.
atheist.
crawl.
1) opportunity, chance; ~
give a chance; ~ take
advantage of the opportunity; ~
miss the opportunity; ~
at the first opportunity; 2) possibility; ~ be able ( ); ~
within the range of possibility;
3) ( , ) means,
resources; ~ there is not
the faintest chance.
rich ().
poor (); without possibilities.
1) spelling; ~ spelling mistake;
2) dictation; ~ dictate.
emperor, empress ().
empire.
1) examination, exam;
~ the finals; ~ entrance examinations; 2) trial, test (); ~
examine; ~ take the exam, sit
for an exam; ~ pass an examination; ~ fail at an examination.
rejection, repudiation; refusal; ~
reject, decline;
~ renounce one's rights; ~ withdraw one's words;
~ give up the idea (of).
1) privilege; 2) . concession; ~
privileged.
signature; ~ , ~ sign;
~ sign terms of peace; ~
collect signatures.
62

anonymous.
1. . obstinacy; stubbornness; ~
be obstinate ( ); persist (in);
2. . persistent, stubborn; pig-headed ().
persistent, stubborn; pig-headed
().
belief, trust; confidence; ~ selfconfidence; bir ks ~ faith in smb.
with confidence.
firm, resolute.
uncertain; ~ uncertainty.
incredible, unbelievable.
|| believe; trust; ~ cause to
believe, persuade.
convincing, pursuasive.
slender; thin; fine; slight; delicate; ~
having slender waist; ~ kind-hearted;
~-~ tenderly, delicately; ~ tenderness,
slimness.
art.
pearl; ~ lily of the valley.
the Gospel.
offended.
|| be hurt, be offended; ~ 1) () hurt; 2) ( ) hurt,
offend.
now; ~ from now; ~ up to
now; ~ present; ~ just now; . ~
Present Tense.
cow.
. infarction.
|| infection; ~ infectious, contagious.
inflation.
information; ~ mass media.
1. . Englishman; 2. . English; ~
English; the English language; ~ speak English.
England.
monopoly; ~ get monopolized; ~ monopolize.
monopolist.
reflection.
|| moan, groan; ~ moan, groan.
1. . denial, refusal; ~ deny,
refuse; 2. . . negative ().
development; ~ develop;
~ developed; ~ developing.


revolution; ~ revolutionary.
revolutionary.
1) moan, groan; 2) be oppressed
( ).
justice; moderation; fairness; mery;
~ act with justice; ~ come
to reason; be fair.
just; equitable, humane, reasonable.
unjust, unfair; without conscience;
cruel; ~ injustice, unfairness.
human being; man; ~ humane; ~ ()
Human Rights Committee.
anthropoid.
mankind; humanity.
humanist; ~ humanness.
institute.
(literary) composition.
construction; building; ~ building / conctruction materials;
~ construction engineering.
the Renaissance.
suicide; ~ commit suicide.
vengeane, revenge; ~
revenge; take vengeance (on).
discipline; ~ disciplined; ~
undisciplined; ~ labour discipline.
expectation; ~
wait for smb. anxiouly.
administrative; ~ by
administrative means.
rope, string; cloth-line (paltar asmaq )
1. . silk; 2. . silken; ~ silkworm
breeding; ~ silkworm.
thread; sewing cotton, yarn.
will, will-power; ~ strong-willed;
~ weak-willed.
Iraq; ~ Iraquian; ~ Iraquian, Iraqi.
Iran; ~ Iranian.
forward; ~ ahead, in front;
~ some years ago; ~
come forward.
beforehand, in advance.
1) make progress; 2) move forward; advance.
progress, advancement.
big; huge; ~ large-scale industry;
~ capacious (), voluminous
().

pus; . abscess; ~ fester; ~

suppurative.
grin unpleasantly, smile impudently.
race; ~ racial; ~ racial characteristics; ~ - racial discrimination.
racist; ~ racialism.
Irish; ~ Irish; ~ Irishman,
Irishwoman ().
inheritance; heritance; ~ by inheritance; ~ inherit; ~
disinherit.
hereditary; inherited ( ).
heredity.
reaction; ~ reactionist; ~
reactionary forces.
proof; ~ prove.
(-, -) 1) however; 2) if; ~ as for
me; if he comes.
diarrhoea; ~ have diarrhoea.
1) . noun; 2) name; /
~ proper / common noun.
(-) get accustommed (to
each other); become friends.
|| warm oneself, grow / get warm;
~ warm (); heat ().
reform; ~ reformatory;
~ reformatory, reformative; ~
reform; ~ hopeless (),
incorrigable.
reform.
Islam; ~ Islamism.
Iceland; ~ Icelandic; ~
Icelander.
|| get wet / soaked; get drenched;
~ get drenched / wet to the
skin; ~ wet.
wet, soak; ~ have a
drink.
chastity; honour; innocence; ~ blameless, honest; chaste.
reference; ~ make reference (to).
1. . Spanish; 2. . Spaniard; ~ Spain;
~ Spanish.
. spinach.
: ~ waste, squander.
Israeli.
insistence, persistence; ~ insistenly;
persistenly; ~ insist (on), persist (in).
63


talent, gift; ~
have a talent for music; ~ ahibi
man of great talent.
talented, gifted.
talentless.
resignation, retirement ();
~ resign; retire (); ~
retired.
fortification.
consumption; using up; ~
consumer goods; ~ consumer.
production, manufacture; ~
industrial process; ~ productive
capacity; ~ produce.
factory; works.
producer.
ridicule, irony, mockery; ~
ridicule, mock; ~ mocking, ironical.
longing, wish; ~ dear, beloved.
|| 1) wish, desire, want, ask for;
require, need; 2) love (); ~ it
is not necessary; -~ willingly or
unwillingly; ..., ... whether ...
or ..., , whether
he writes or not; .
This house needs repairing;
, . It is more
embarrasing to refuse than to ask.
hot (, ); warm (); ~-~ while
hot; ~ be hot; ~ it is hot
today; ~ I am hot; strike the iron while it is hot.
despotism, absolute rule.
use; ~ use, make use (of);
/ ~ take the
opportunity; ~ enjoy
the rights.
direction; ~ in the direction of;
~ guiding, leading; ~ ,
~ direct, turn (to).
independence; ~
become independent, win independence.
invasion, conquest; ~ conquer.
conqueror, invador.
1. . heat; warmth; 10 drc ~ 10
degrees above zero. 2. . thermal.
: ~ base upon ( .); be
supported (); ~
foothold.
64

1) interrogation, examination; ~ interrogate, examine; 2) . investigation; ~ investigating bodies.

pepper; pimento (); ~ pepper-pot.
rest, repose; ~ rest, have a
rest; take one's ease; ~ rest home; holiday home; ~ day off.
exploitation; operation ( ); ~ 1) exploit ();
2) bring to operation (, ).
exploiter.
exception; ~ except, exclude;
~ excepting; ~ without exception.
Sweden; ~ Swede; ~ Swedish,
the Swedish language.
Switzerland; ~ Swiss.
1) affair, business; ~ foreign
affairs; 2) work, deed; ~ affairs of
State; ~ what's that to you? 3) action;
job; occupation; profession; ~
it is none of your business;
~ I have nothing to
do tonight; ~ mind your own duty;
~-~ it is too late to do anything; ~ . I am busy.
~ . I have a job with this man; ~
employ, hire; ~
discharge, dismiss, . fire; give smb.
the sack.
1) sign; 2) signal; 3) . mark;
~ punctuation mark; ~ make a
sign; beckon ( ); hint (); make
a mark ().
g torture; ~ torture, torment.
hard working; efficient; ~
businessman; ~ business circles;
~ practical approach.
occupation; ~ occup.
occupant, invador; ~ aggression;
~ war of aggression; ~
expansionist policy.
light; ~ sunlight; ~ by
moonlight; ~ throw light.
light, lighten; throw light
(upon) ().
light up, brighten; . Day is breaking; h
at dawn.


light.
sparkle, glitter, glimmer.
1) work; 2) run; function; the buses
run every three minutes;
telephone is quite dead / is out of order;
3) be open; 5-
. The library is open till 5 o'clock;
4) ~ commit a crime.
used, second-hand.
appetite; ~ . Appetite
comes with eating.
1) participation; ~ take part
(in), participate (in); collaborate ( );
2) presence; ~ (, ) be
present.
participant, participator.
dog.
obedience; ~ obey.
obedient; ~ show
obedience.
disobidience; ~ disobey.
Italy; ~ Italian; ~ the Italian
language.
. dog-rose.
push, shove ().
dedication; ~ dedicate.
1) sharp, keen, acute; 2) rapid, swift ();
~ acute angle.
sharpen; grind ().
lose; ~ lose consciousness,
faint; ~ lose one's head; be at a loss;
~ waste time .
loss.
missing; ~ be lost; be missing.
be lost, go astray; be wasted (,
); ~ disappear.
union; alliance ().
accusation, incrimination; . conviction; ~ accuse, charge; . bring
a charge (against); () condemn.
. prosecutor.
smell, odour; scent (); / ~ smell nice / nasty; ~ catch the
smell.
twenty; ~ (the) twentieth.
1) needle; ~ the eye of a needle;
() sting; 2) . injection; ~ -

give an injection; ~
() have an injection; ~ pricky; .
ironical ().
smell; sniff.
go bad, become rotten (xarab
olmaq).
be squeamish (about); . feel
aversion.
loathing; disgusting, loathsome,
repulsive.
July.
June.
footprint; track, trace; ~ get
on the track (of); ~ cover
up one's tracks; ~
lose track (of).
. explanation; ~
explain; ~ inexplicable; ~
explanatory ().
crowd; ~ crowded.
pursuit.
track, trace; pursue.
pang, torment; ~ suffer pangs.

jacket.
dew.
genre.
jargon, slang; ~ speak
slang.
gelatine.
ginseng.
gesture.
waistcoat,vest.
juggler.
1) magazine, journal (); periodical (); 2) ( ) register.
journalist.
jury; judges; . umpire; (
) hanging committee.

65

cabab; mutton drilled on a spit; ~

cabab house.
cable.
1) ( ) study; 2) office,
room; ~ principal's room; ~ rector's office.
ghost.
cafe.
chair; ~ chief of the chair.
tile.
sufficient; satisfactory.
1) giaour; non-Moslem; 2) ()
infidel, atheist.
1) paper; 2) letter (); 3) ()
paper, document; ~ blottingpaper; ~ paper the wall.
Universe.
cocoa.
. cactus.
1) unripe (); 2) . slow-witted
( ), dull ().
desire, wish; ~ 1) enjoy; 2) avenge
(); ~ achieve one's desire.
intelligence, wisdom, mind; ~
a clever man; ~ clever, wise.
bow; ~ with arched eyebrows.
kamancha, an oriental musical
instrument (a kind of violin).
1) chamber, cell ();
2) ( ) camera.
. camphor.
perfect, complete; skilled; ~ perfection.
Canada; ~ Canadian.
canal (); channel ().
sewage; sewge system; ~ sewer.
threshold.
capital; ~ capitalism; ~ capitalist.
captain.
1) deaf; ~ deaf in one ear;
~ deafen; ~ ( ) grow / become deaf; 2) . voiceless ().
66

pencil.
o|| cardiologist; ~ cardiologic.
o cardiology.
be puzzled, be at a loss.
deafness; ~() pretend to be deaf.
playing-card; ~ play cards.
potato.
carvan; ~ camel cade;
~ convoy; ~ string of stars.
inn for travellers.
poor; ~ the poor; ~ become
poor.
poverty; ~ live in
poverty.
cash-desk; ~ booking-office
(vaqzalda); ticket-office (teatrda); ~ savings-bank.
cashier; booking-clerk (bilet satan).
launch; motor-boat.
secretary; ~ secretary general.
caoutchouk; rubber.
felt, mat.
bald; bald-headed; ~ grow bald,
lose hair.
bygone, past (); last (, ).
goat; ~ ibex.
1) transient (); 2) . ~
challenge cup; 3) . () contagious, infectious.
pass, passage; passage way; crossing
(); transition (); ~ subway.
1) take across, lead(,
); put / run through ();
2) () spend, pass; ~ hold a meeting; 3) transfer; ~ transfer to
another post; 4) ( ) put off;
~ put into practice;
~ conduct the electric current; ~
live; ~ look through;
~ be excited; ~ thread a needle.
pass; cross (, ); cover
( ); fall into (); ~ pass from words to deeds;
2) () study; ~ conduct a
lesson; ~ forgive;
~ attack, launch an attack.
the past; ~ . past tense.


1) (-) mood, spirits; ~
in good humour, in high spirits; ~
in low spirits; out of humour; 2) ()
state of health; ? How are
you? . I feel ill; ~ require after smb.'s health; 3) ()
delight, sweet bliss; ( )
racket, revel; ~ revel, go on the
spree; ~ cheer up, become
gay; ~ wish, want; ~
lose one's good spirits; upset.
become drunk.
drunk, tipsy.
unwell, unhealthy.
kangaroo.
: ~ watch; be on guard; ~
guard, watchman.
priest, clergyman.
1) () dull, blockhead; 2) ()
numb.
quality; ~ qualitative; ~ of
top quality; ~ of low quality; ~ by
quality.
become numb; . be anesthetized.
make numb; . anesthetize.
marriage contract; ~ register
the marriage; ~ marriage certificate.
melancholy, sadness, grief, sorrow;
~ sad, sorrowful.
make sad, sadden.
mourn, become sad.
shroud; ~ wrap in a shroud;
~ cheat death; recover from a
serious illness.
The Milky Way.
stammer, stutter.
partridge.
. savory.
pincers, tongs.
trick, trickery; ~ ()
cheat; ~() get into trouble.
trickster.
- rough (); bumpy ().
cabbage; ~ cauliflower.
head; skull; ~ loaf sugar;
~ a loaf of sugar; ~-~
to come into collision; ~
() be struck / astonished.

word.
1) belt, girdle; 2) pipe; ~ gaspipe; ~ oil pipeline; ~ water-pipe.
quantity.
1. . edge ( ); brink (); side; ~ seaside; ~ side
of the road; ~ river bank; ~
suburb; 2. . ~ stranger; ~
foreign body; ~ outside matters; ~
put aside; ~ outside
help; ~ outside interference; ~a wnder from
the subject; ~ stp aside; keep
away( ).
remove, suspend ().
move away, keep away.
village; country; ~ villager, countryman; ~ country life; ~ rural
population, countryfolk; ~ 1.
. agriculture; 2. c. agricultural.
: ~ butter.
celery.
brick.
lizard.
one; ~ everyone, everybody;
~ someone, somebody; ~ no one,
nobody.
1) cut (); ~-~ cut to pieces;
2) stump, scrap.
1) ( ) be cut; 2) cease;
. The rain has stopped; ~ fail in the examination.
. fraction; ~ common fraction;
~ decimal fraction.
sharp, keen; severe.
() become aggravated, become sharp; grow acute ().
1) cut; 2) interrupt ();
~ understand, realize, think possible;
~ stop the pain; ~ bar the way;
h- ~ cut off relations;
~ wean; ~ despair; give up the
hope.
curds, cottage cheese.
discovery; ~ discover.
1) () research, exploration;
. ~ explore; ~
exploratory well; ~ exploratory
drilling; 2) secret service, intelligent serv67


ice; . reconnissance; . Central Intelligence
Agency.
1) explorer; 2) secret service man.
linen.
leek.
that; ~... I know that ...; ...
so ... that; ... he was so
ill that...; so, therefore;
since; , ... since
you don't know him; It's good
that; , but he is not a
doctor.
match; ~ light a match.
1) () small, little; 2) ()
younger; ~ junior research worke.
very small, tiny.
diminish, lessen; become smaller.
sufficient, enough; ~ sufficiently; enough; rather; ~ it's enough;
that will do; ~ suffice; be enough.
ugly, plain.
. kilogramme.
kilometre.
church.
who; whoever; ~, ~ whom; ~ whose;
~ with whom; ~ some people; ~
! What does it matter to anyone! ~
someone, anyone; ~ no one, nobody;
! Nobody will notice it.
1) like; ~ like a bird; ~ as
white as snow; 2) as soon as; ~ as soon as it stops raining; 3) till;
5- ~ till 5 o'clock; ~ so far,
up to now.
chemistry; ~ chemist; ~() chemical.
malice, spite.
irony, allusion; ~ allusive, sarcastic;
ironical.
cinematography.
cinema; ~ cinema actor; ~
still; ~ newsreel; ~ director; ~ cameraman; ~ .
movie; pictures, film; ~ movie
star, film star.
Cyprus; ~ Cypriot.
|| eyelash; ~ I didn't
sleep a wink.
68

. lease; ~ rent,
let out; ~ rent; hire (); ~ rent; ~ tenant, lodger.
hedgehog.
sack; ~ purse ( ).
1) man; 2) () person; 3) ()
manly person; ~ manly; ~ male;
. masculine gender.
raisins.
neigh.
book.
library; ~ librarian.
1. . classic; 2. . classical.
club.
rough; harsh; violent; ~ roughness; harshness; violence; ~ roughly; violently; ~ a rude manners;
~ gruff voice; ~ grave mistake,
blunder; ~ harsh word; ~ ( .) trample (upon); violate grossly.
bush; ~ shrub; ~ shrubby place.
sausage.
board; ~ the Bar.
collective; ~ a student
body; ~ collective security.
colour; ~ national colour.
hut; cabin.
commander; ~ Commanderin-chief; ~ General Headquarters.
commander.
comedy.
() comic actor.
commissar.
committee, comission; ~
medical board; ~ board of
examiners.
committee.
|| communism; ~ communist.
sweets, candy.
conference.
skates; ~ skate;
~ figure skating.
concrete, specific.
congress.
tinned / canned food; ~ tinned
/ canned fish; ~ tin, can; ~
tin-opener.


1) concert ( ); 2) concerto ( ); ~ symphony
concert; ~ give concerts; ~
concert hall.
constitution; ~ constitutional.
designer, constructor; ~
design office.
consul; ~ consulate.
brandy, cognac.
blind; ~-~ blindly, carelessly; .
~ appendix; ~ apendicitis; ~- in distress.
spoil, mar; corrupt ().
be spoiled, be marred; ()
go bad, go off; become worse ();
become corrupted ().
need, want; ~ be in need (of).
spontaneous.
spaceman, astronaut.
|| space; ~ spaceship; ~
cosmic space.
costume; suit ( ).
nomad, migrant (); ~
nomadic tribes; ~ nomadic life.
move to (, ); move in
(); move out (); ~ move
into a new house.
copy (out) ( );
crib ().
move, ( ) resettle;
() evict.
1) old; 2) () shabby, worn
out; 2) ( ) stale; not fresh;
3) ( ) old-fashioned, outof-date.
1) become / get old; be worn
out (); become out-of-date (
).
I stout; fat, plump; ~ put on
flesh; put on weight.
II 1) root; ~ root up;
~ eradicate; ~ radical, fundamental; ~ change
radically; ~ get to the root;
~ be deeply rooted;
like father, like son; 2) carrot
().
put on weight, become fat.
make fat, fatter.

||
. tune up.
breast, chest; ~ chest.
slave; ~ slavery.
shadow; shade; ~ cast a shadow; ~ in the shade; ~ shade, shady
place; ~ remain in the background.
hide in the shade.
shadowy, shady.
shade, shady place.
help, assistance; ~()
come to the aid of smb.; ~ help, succour; render assistance; give
smb. a hand; () relieve.
helper; assistant; . ~ auxiliary verb.
() charcoal; () coal; ~ extract coal; ~ coal miner.
heart, soul; ~ give pleasure
to the heart; ~ hurt; ~
calm smb. down, assuage; ~ to one's heart's content, as
much as one wants; ~
. Beauty lies in the lover's eyes.
1. c. voluntary (); 2. . volunteer
().
unwillingly, half-hearted.
dog; ~ shark.
1) foam, spume; suds ();
lather (); 2) () scum; ~ () skim; ~ foamy; scummy; frothy ().
foam; ~ foam at the
mouth; froth (; ; ).
gulf, bay.
baby; ~ nursery.
bridge; ~ suspension bridge;
~ draw-bridge; ~ build a
bridge.
arbour, pavilion ( );
~ news-stall.
stump (), stub ().
1) fragile ( ); brittle ();
2) sensitive (); ~ 1) fragility, brittleness; 2) sensitiveness.
|| shirt; chemise, bluse (
); ~ night-gown; ~ vest,
undershirt.
69


embers; ~ smoulder.
king; ~ queen; ~ kingdom.
tap, faucet; ~ hot-water tap.
credit; ~ give credit; ~
buy on credit.
cream.
armchair.
cube; ~ cubic metre.
. cup; ~ European Cup;
~ Cup Competition.
doll.
compartment.
course; ~ evening courses;
() ~ a first (second)
-year student; ~ course of treatment; ~ do a course; ~ complete a course; ~ complete
course.
street; ~ down the street; ~
up the street.
pup, puppy (); cub (, .).
fir-tree.
sulphur; ~ sulphurous.
ash; ~ reduce to ashes;
~ ash-coloured; ashy; ~ ashtray.
wind; ~ breeze; ~ the wind
sprang up; ~ the wind dropped;
~ the wind is blowing; ~ windy.
a lot; many; much; ~ a great
amount; () a large sum.
complete works of an author.
corner; ~ in the corner.
ball; ~ the globe.
1) . shoulder-blade; 2) ( ) spade.
chestnut-haired man; red-head; ~
red-haired.
sheepskin coat ( );
fur-coat ( ).
1) chair; ~ rostrum; 2) .
() post.
caviar; ~ soft caviar.
touchy, quick to take offence.
1) have a quarrel (with); break off
relations with ( ); break
with; 2) () be hurt; be offended.
1) blunt (); 2) btuse ();
3) dull ().
70

mass; ~ the masses; ~

in the mass.
mass; ~
mass media; ~ obtain mass
character; ~ popular songs.
square; ~ square metre.

Qq
1) dish; 2) case; ~- plates and
dishes; ~- kitcen utensils; ~ salt-cellar; ~ butter-dis;
~ as-tray; ~ sugar-bowl;
~ cina; ~ eartenware; ~
dresser; ~ disclot; ~
was up (te dises).
roug, rude; ~ treat
roughy; ~ speak rudely.
I 1. . front, fore; ~ in front; 2. adv.
before, ago, formerly (); ~ tree years ago; ~ beforeand;
in advance.
II . pumpkin.
(, ); foremost; progressive-(minded) (); up-to-date
().
boar.
corn; ~ rub sore; ~ orny,
toil-ardened.
1) bubble (); 2) blister
().
. flow, tide.
1) bristle (u) (); 2) (
) ceek.
bark ();peel (); sell
(, .); skin ();
crust (); rind (); .
~ te eart's crust; ~ peel, sell,
skin, rind; ~ ( )
do one's utmost.
rib.
1) capable; ~ be able (to); be
capable (of); 2) skilful ().
1) ability, aptitude (); gift
(); skill (); ~ mental
ability; 2) ~ pucasing capacity;


~ 1) gifted; 2) tactful; ~ 1) ()
incapable, dull, unskilful; 2) tactless.
pack.
refugee.
1) run, run away; escape ();
~ avoid work; 2) avoid ();
~ slip out; ~ escape
notice; ~ turn pale; ~ lose
one's sleep.
proibition, ban; ~ forbidden; banned; ~ forbid, ()
ban; impose a ban (on).
1. . woman; ~ women; 2. . female;
feminine; ~ gynaecological
diseases; ~ female labour; ~
feminine voice; . ~ feminine
gender; ~ () Women's
Day; ~ air-dresser, ~
ladies tailor.
migty, powerful; ~ Almigty
God.
Caucasus; ~ Caucasian.
rhyme.
seagull.
go bad, become rotten.
cackle.
fortress (); ~ Maiden Tower.
heap, pile; ~-~ in piles / heaps.
I heap up, pile up (- ).
II: ~ kindle a fire.
1) raise, erect, lift; hoist (,
); turn up (); 2) (,
) remove, eliminate;
~ cause a commotion; ~ abolish;
do away with; ~ rise in rebellion.
1) rise, stand up (); 2) get up
(); 3) rise in rebellion (); 4) climb (); ascend; go
upstairs (); 5) () start to
blow, spring up; ~ feel sick.
1) remainder, remnant; 2) . residium; 3) survival ().
thick, dense; ~ the large
intestine; ~ deep voice.
1. . () winner, () conqueror; 2. victorious ; superior; triumphant; ~ win (); be
victorious; conquer; win a victory (over).
victory.

1) remain, stay;
~ stay at a hotel (), ~ remain
true; ~ remain of the same
opinion; 2) be left ( ); be
abandoned ( ); be postponed
( ); ~ survive; ~ be
behind, lag behind; () be slow;
. Stay with us. ! Leave
it! ~ be left gaping; if it were left to me; in my opinion;
go one's own way;
~ be kept from one's work;
? Now were is he, I wonder?
~ oversleep; nearly.
scandal, uproar; ~ give
rise to a scandal; kick up an uproar.
galosh.
tie.
be dazzled;
I was dazzled by bright light;
dazzling.
whip; ~ whip.
stature; figure; ~ shapely, slender.
reed; ~ reed bed; ~ sugarcane.
blood; . ~ weep bitterly,
be in deep distress; ~ shed blood;
~ kill; cause bloodshed; ~
be bloodstained; ~
upset; ~ be upset; ~
bloodthirsty; ~ blood-feud;
vendetta; ~ bloody; ~ deadly
enemy; ~ guilty of murder; ~
faint at the sight of blood; ~ at
the cost of one's life; ~ run in
one's blood, be inborn, innate; ~ 1) .
merciless, cruel; 2) . anaemic; ~
anaemia.
politeness, courtesy.
polite, courteous; well-bred ().
rude, impolite; ill-bred.
wing; ~ flap wings; ~
protect; ~ be
under smb.'s protection; ~ be
helpless / broken; . A burden of one's choice is not felt.
1) take wing, fly away; 2) .
be inspire.
71


winged.
bleeding; ~ bleed to
death.
bleed.
: ~ satisfy; ~ be satisfied,
be content; ~ satisfactory.
understand, comprehend.
blockhead, dull.
law; ~ electoral law; ~ break the law; ~ according to
law; ~ unlawful; utlaw; ~
observe laws.
natural; normal; ~ lawgoverned nature, objective regularity.
legitimate, lawful (); legal
().
legalize, legitimate.
legislative; ~ legislation.
1) cover, lid; ~ eye-lid; 2) crown
().
shut, covered (); ~ closed
meeting.
shut, close; fill up ( .);
~ close the eyes.
cuff; ~ cuff.
1) door; ~ at the door; ~
knock at the door; 2) . goal.
. goal-keeper.
be absorbed (in) (); ~ be
lost in thought, be deep in thought;
~ be lost in dreams.
I bite ().
II seize, snatch ().
snow; ~ sleet; it snows;
it is snowing; ~ snow-white; ~
snowball.
black; ~ brown bread, rye-bread;
~ unskilled worker; ~
unhappy / bad news; ~ rainy day;
~ slander.
gypsy.
black-eyed.
elm-tree.
currant.
gloomy; unsociable ().
blacken (), cross out
().
72

1) become / get dark (), darken; 2) ( ) blacken, get tanned

/ sunburnt.
cattle.
swallow.
1. . dark, darkness; ~ It's
getting / becoming dark; 2. . dark; obscure
().
brother; ~ foster-brother;
~ brotherly, fraternal.
brotherhood.
robbery, burglary; ~ rob; ~
robber, burglar.
. crow.
. curse, call
down curses (upon).
maize.
belly, stomach; ~ stomachache;
~ have a stomachache; .
~ abdominal cavity; ~
typhoid; ~ , ~
live from hand to mouth.
span; ~-~ search every inch
of ground; ~-~ measure very carefully; span.
1) mix, muddle (- ); 2) stir (, ); 3) (
) mix up.
ant.
mix (with) ( ); get mixed
up (in) (); 3) interfere ( ,
).
gargling; ~ gargle ().
hook; fishing-rod (
).
guard, watch; ~ be on
guard; ~ guard of honour.
water-melon.
1. . front, fore-part; ~ in front of;
~ avert, prevent; ~
bar the way; ~-~ face to face; 2. . ~ the opposite side; 3. . against; contrary; ~ fight / struggle against;
~ against the wind;
~ against the disease; ~ in the future;
ahead; ~ forthcoming.
meet; greet; () welcome; ~ see the New Year in.


meet (with); come / run across
(); ~ meet with
difficulties.
mutual (, ).
eagle; ~ eagle-eyed; ~
aquiline-nosed.
tour; ~ guest actor; ~ go
on tour.
I eye-brow; ~ frown; ~
in the twinkling of an eye.
II () precious stone.
spoon; ~() table spoon;
~() tea spoon; ~ spoonful.
scratch.
itch; ~ itch.
fold (); layer (); ~ three
times, threefold; ~ three times as
much; ~ fold in three; ~-~
much more expensive; ~-~ cut in
layers; ~ bow to the ground.
train; ~ goods train; ~ fast
train; ~ passenger train; ~ go by train.
sour milk.
.
1. . mixed; 2. . mixture.
.
murderer.
fold.
add ( ); mix;
~ work day and night.
perceive, compreend; understand.
cliff, rock.
scissors.
1) rule, principle; ~ according to
te rule, in principle; ~ as a rule;
~ put in order; ~
keep te regulations; ~
be in order; ~- order; 2) metod;
~ metod of voting.
fried eggs, scrambled eggs.
care; ~ careful; ~ careless; ~
take care (of).
boat, caique; ~ submarine;
~ boat; ~ boatman; ~
go boating.
broter-in-law.
moter-in-law.
fater-in-law.

belt, strap ( ).
return, come back, go back.
cream (); ~ skim
te cream; ~ get creamed over;
~ creamy.
boil; seete (); ~ be
active and exuberant.
ot, boiling; ~ boiling water;
~ seeting life;
be overcome by
same or embarrassment.
apricot.
1) return, give back;
() ~ repatriate; 2) vomit ().
I gas ().
II . goose; ~ geese.
1) kettle, pot; 2) . boiler.
1) earn (); 2)win ();
3) gain (, );
~ acieve a success; ~ make
enemies; - ~ make a fortune;
~ find a friend.
carve ( ); engrave
(, ).
. excavation; ~
minerals.
boring, drilling; ~ bore-ole;
~ driller, drill oerator.
1) dig (); dig
out; 2) ( ) drill, bore.
: ~ disappear.
note, comment; ~ 1) ()
make notes; 2) point out; ~ ... he
pointed out that...; ~ note-book.
registration; ~a register.
tribe.
grave; ~ churchyard, cemetery.
1) reception (); 2) admittance ( ,
.); ~ (, .)
admittance standards; ~
entrance examinations; ~ calling
hours; consulting hours (); ~
() consulting-room; ~
accept, receive, admit; ~ hire;
give a job; employ; ~ pass
a law; ~ adopt a resolution;
~ accept the invitation.
73


receipt; ~ luggage / baggage
ticket; ~ give a receipt.
cruel, severe, savage.
cruelty, brutality, savageness.
glass, wine-glass.
foot; pace; step; ~ set foot;
~ bring good luck;
. May your steps
bring luck.
1. . quantity, amount, degree; 2. .
until; ~ until you come;
3. as much as, as big as, about;
~ I have not got as
many books as you have; ~ as far
as I know; ~ ? how many, how much;
~ enough.
old, ancient; ~ in old times, in
bygone days; () ... Once upon a time...; ~
antiquity.
value, appreciation; ~ know
the value (of), appreciate.
1) cage; 2) ~ chest.
loud laughter; ~ roar
with laughter.
hero; ~ heroism; ~ national hero; ~ principal character of
a novel.
coffee.
coffee-shop, cafe.
coffee-coloured, brown.
heart; ~ from the heart, sincerely;
~ offend, hurt.
victory; triumph; ~ win a victory; conquer; ~ full victory; (.)
clean sweep ().
pen; ~ pen case; ~
write, edit; ~ literary people; ~ cross out; draw the pen through;
cancel (); ~ capable of
expressing himself in writing; ~ nib.
1) . mould; 2) () last, shoetree; ~ a cake of soap.
false; ~ false coins.
snack; light refreshment in the
afternoon; ~ have a snack.
grief, sorrow; ~ grieve, be sad.
grieve, be sad.
sad, mournful, grievious.
74

: ~ economize, cut down

(on); ~ economical, thrifty.
sugar; ~ , ~ sugar-basin.
decision, resolution, agreement; ~
decide, make a decision; ~
() pass a resolution.
headquarters.
agree (upon), decide.
west; ~ western.
. pink, carnation.
selfish aim / motive; ill-intention; ~
ill-intentioned; ill-willed; ~ disinterested; without ulterior motive; impartial.
stranger, foreigner.
1) strange; 2) wonderful; remarkable.
attempt; ~ attempt; ~
uncover a plot;
~ attempt on smb.'s life;
~ commit suicide; ~
on purpose.
butcher; ~ butcher's (shop).
pretty, nice, fine (); lovely.
get prettier.
: ~ 1) decide ( );
2) do ().
decisive, resolute; ~ firm offer;
~ firm decision; final decision;
~ drastic measures.
absolutely.
determination, resolution; ~ resolute, determined; ~ indecisive, hesitating.
accident, crash; mischance; ~ meet with an accident, have an accident.
newspaper; paper; ~ wall newspaper; ~ news-stand; ~ newspaperman; journalist, reporter;
~ national newspapers.
anger, fury, rage.
furiously.
make angry, infuriate;
drive into a rage.
fly into a rage, become furious.
angry, furious.
() turn sour; ()
have a heartburn.
1) irritate; 2) tickle.


1) irritate; agitate; 2) tickle;
there's a tickling in
my throat.
leg.
tickle.
funnel.
lock; ~ padlock; ~ ,
~ lock.
spark; ~ gleam of hope.
sword; sabre; ~ 1) fence
( ); 2) . be the ruler, dominate; ~ put to the sword.
stir, move.
reproach.
edge; () brink; () brim;
~ coast; ~ wayside, roadside; ~ step aside.
1) () break (up); be broken;
2) be torn off (, ); be snapped (); ~ be starved; .
~ be ruined; go to wreck.
wrinkle (); crease ();
~ wrinkle; crease.
forty; ~ (the) fortieth.
shave (); cut (); shear
().
1) () break; 2) fell ();
3) break down (); 4) cut off
(); ~ ruin.
whip; ~ whip.
red; ~ dark red; ~ bright red.
: ~ in the twinkling of
an eye.
blink; not to
sleep; without batting
an eyelid, without hesitation (
).
short; ~ in short; ~ shortly,
briefly.
become short, shrink ().
shorten; reduce; cut short; ( ) curtail, abbreviate ().
jealous; ~ jealousy.
be jealous of.
winter.
winter quarters for animals.
pass the winter.
insufficient; ~ scarcity, lack, shortage;
~ scarcity of food.

1) twist, coil, roll ( .);

2) double up (); 3) curl ().
curled, curly.
girl; daughter (); queen ( ).
1) turn red, blush ();
2) be roasted ().
fried (); roasted ();
~ toast.
roast (, ); fry
(); toast ().
: ~ heating appliances.
temperature; ~ take
one's temperature; ~ have a temperature; -~ fever.
I ( ) have a temperature.
II heat (), warm up (,
).
1) hot, red-hot (, );
2) ardent, passionate (); 3) intensive ().
1. . gold; 2. . gold (); golden
().
. salmon.
. flamingo.
1) become heated; 2) . get
angry / excited.
get hot; get warm ().
very hot, scorching (); ~
baking sun.
food, nourishment.
nutrition; ~ bottle feeding
().
1) eat, 2) be fed.
nutritious.
reading; ~ reading-book;
~ reading-room, reading-hall.
partly.
destiny; lot; fate; ~ if it so
decrees; . It was not to
be! . We
were not destined to meet.
continent; ~ intercontinental.
1) by correspondence; ~
tuition by correspondence; 2) in smb.'s
absence.
: ~ extramural student.
75


revolt, insurrection, mutiny; ~ raise a revolt; ~ mutinner, insurgent.
b gossip; ~ elmk gossip.
1) value, price, cost, esteem; ~ , value; state the value; ~ worthless; ~ rise in price; ~
fall in price; ~
maintain the level
of prices.
value, state the value;
appreciate; ~ estimate by eye;
~ appreciate the true
value.
valuable, precious.
globe.
old; ~ the old; the aged; ~
home for the aged, nursing home.
old age, advanced years.
grow old, get old.
brave, bold, corageous.
bravery, courage.
scone.
relative, relation; ~ close
relatives; ~- relatives; kith and kin;
kinsfolk; ~ become related (to);
~ family ties; ~ related languages.
I 1) arm; 2) branch (), 3) sleeve
().
II . goal; ~ score a goal.
bracelet.
armpit; ~ crutch; ~ armchair; be
under the wing of smb.
guest; ~ visit, go to see;
~ treat; ~ drawing-room.
party; evening-part; ~
have a party.
hospitable; ~ hospitality.
neighbour; ~ next room; next
door; ~ neighbouring village;
, . Don't
laugh at other's misfortune, it may happen
to you one day.
neighbourhood.
pull out; () wrench out;
() tear out; ~ snatch out
of smb.'s hands; () tear off; ()
break off; ~ make a row.
. .
76

1) come off; come unstuck;

2) () break out; my
heart sank.
coward; timid.
cowardice; timidity.
be afraid; be scared; ( )
dread; ~ be terrified of.
undaunted, dread-nought.
fear, dread, () horrow.
frightening, dreadful, terrible;
~ formidable enemy; ~
dreadful illness.
fearless.
frighten; scare.
1) watch over; guard; 2) protect;
take care; 3) defend ().
troops; ~ arm of the service;
~ regular troops.
poplar.
folder, file.
drive away, turn out; ~ fire,
give smb. the sack; dismiss.
fried ().
melon.
fried meat.
fry (); roast ().
come together; unite, join;
, .
Men may meet, but mountains never.
1) put, place; ~ set a monument; . ~ apply cupping-glasses; ~ state the value, set the price;
~ put to the vote; 2) ( )
let, permit, alow; 3) () stage.
qoyun sheep; ~iti sheepdog; ~uluq sheepbreeding.
walnut; ~ nutcracker.
bud; ~ come into bud.
grammar.
flu; grippe; ~ have the flu.
group; ~ group, classify.
() swan; ~ cob-swan.
breast, embrace; ~ embrace;
give smb. a hug.
rabid, mad; ~ become rabid /
mad.
() cuckoo.
slave.
ear; ~() hard of hearing; ~ 1) listen (to); 2) obey ( );


~ ~ in
at one ear and out at the other; ~()
din smth. into smb's ears;
persuade; ~() he paid no
attention; -~ be all eyes and
ears; ~ listen in (to);
eavesdrop; . bug (
); . Walls
have ears.
ear flap (); head-phones
().
slavery.
bandit, robber; cut-throat ( );
. gangster; ~ gang of robbers; ~ den of robbers.
robbery; ~ rob.
service; ~ 1) serve; 2) take
care; look after ( ); ~ try to get into smb.'s good graces;
try to please.
1) ( ) employee,
office worker; 2) () servant.
sand; ~ sand-glass.
sandy.
dry, droughty; ~ drought.
1) install (); put in order,
adjust ( ); 2) . trump up
().
frog.
sacrifice, victim; ~ kill a
sheep as a sacrifice; ~ sacrifice
oneself, be a victim.
I wolf;
. He that fears every bush must
never go a birding.
II worm (); ~ ()
wormy.
lead.
1) set up, establish, construct; organize; 2) pitch (); 3) wind ();
~ set a trap.
1) finish, be over; be through
with; end; 2) graduate, finish (,
); the lesson is over;
? When will
you be through with your work? 3) run out
( ); . The car has run out of petrol. . We've run out of money.

escape; be saved.
drink, sip; ~-~ sip.
1. . land; 2. . ) dry; 2) stale ();
3) () dried ().
1. . construction; 2. . constructive.
dry, wipe ().
croak.
congress, assembly.
1) system (); 2) structure.
dry; become dry.
dry, drain.
vomit; . I feel sick.
bird; ~ poultry; ~ nestling.
~ . A bird
may be known by its song.
poultry-farming.
box.
tail; brush (); ~ wag the tail; ~ fat of sheep's
tail; ~ be caught.
well; ~ oil-well; ~
bore hole; ~ 1) dig a well; ()
bore / drill an oil-well;
He that mischief hatches, mischief catches.
lamb; ~ my dear chap! ~ become as mild as a lamb.
might, power.
mighty, powerful.
tower.
pride; dignity; ~ proud.
sorrow, grief.
grieve.
defect, fault, deficiency; ~ imperfect, defective.
1. . pole; ~ South Pole;
~ North Pole; 2. . polar; ~
polar station; ~ the pole star; the
North Star.
power, force; strength; ~
gravity; ~ with all one's force;
~ come into force; ~ become invalid; ~ be valid,
be effective ().
strength, force, power.
become strong.
strong.
77

||

|| laboratory assistant; ~
laboratory; ~ laboratorial
method.
inevitable, unavoidable, inescapable;
~ inevitably; ~. You can't
escape it; ~ inevitability.
hawk.
mockery; ~ make fun of; scoff
(at); mock.
underground passage, tunnel; ~
undermine, dig under.
1) shaky; staggering, tottering (
); rickety; 2) () rotten,
bad ().
be / get loose; be unsteady.
clot; ~ clot of blood.
() thickening.
() coagulate.
varnish; ~ put varnish on; ~
varnished ().
but, nevertheless.
indifferent; nonchalant; ~ nonchalance; indifference; ~ be indifferent (to); ~ with indifference.
mute, dumb ( ); ~
( ) become dumb;
~ be struck dumb with horrow; ~ dumb silent; silent; ~- deafand-dumb; ~ dumbness.
1) poppy; 2) tulip; ~ rosy / pink
cheeks.
lamp; ~ bulb; ~
valve; ~ desklamp; ~ by
the lamp light.
very, extremely, the very.
Latin; ~ the Latin language; ~ Roman alphabet.
1. . Latvia; 2. . Latvian.
laureate; prize-winner.
layer ().
design; project; ~ draft resolution; ~ bill; ~ design;
make a draft (, ).
draw up a plan; project,
design.
78

suitable; worthy; deserving;

~ praiseworthy; ~ worthy of punishment; ~ noteworthy, worth
attention; ~ He deserves it;
~ deem worthy; appreciate; ~ be worthy of; ~ in a proper manner; well, properly.
well-deserved (); decent
(adam), deserving respect.
lullaby; ~ lull a baby to sleep.
necessary; ~ be necessary, be
needed; bu ~ that is necessary
indeed; that is needed very much;
, ~. Tell him that he
is wanted here;
~. A school must be built here.
~. They need help;
~. It must be done.
necessary, proper; ~ up to
the mark; ~ proper documents;
~ in a proper manner.
necessary, useful.
unnecessary; useless.
fillet, ribbon; hat band ().
stork.
lieutenant; ~ senior lieutenant; ~ junior lieutenant.
1) headkerchief ( );
2) petal (); ~() rose
petal, rose-leaf.
abolishment, abolition; liquidation; cancellation; ~ abolish, liquidate; ~ put an end to illeteracy; ~ wipe out debts;
~ annul the treaty;
~ repeal the verdict.
dialect.
pant, gasp (for breath); be out of
breath ( ); -
breathlessly.
bed; ~ flower-bed; ~ dig beds.
spot; blot, stain; . slur, dishonour;
~ spot, stain; . slur; bring dishonour (); ~ remove
stains; . clean oneself of the shame;
~ . Nothing is perfect.
spot, stain, blemish; bring dishonour to one's (smb's) name; slur; soil.
stained, spotty.


spotless, stainless, clean, without
blemish ().
spot-remover.
nickname, pseudonym, alias, pen-name
(); ~ nickname.
feather; ( ) plumage;
~ feathered.
curse, imprecation; anathema; ~
! Damn it! ~ ! Damn you!;
~ ! God damn you! ~
damned.
curse, pronounce an anathema
against someone.
slow, hard to move.
. shake,
reel ().
delay; ~ without delay, on the
spot.
be late, stay too long; be delayed.
I wave; ~ wavy, rough, choppy.
II: ~ kernel of a nut.
be choppy, be rough, rise in
waves.
footprint, foot-step ().
shudder, trembling, trepidation; () ~ tremble with fear;
~ make smb.'s flesh creep.
funny story, anecdote.
necessities, materials, munitions,
() supplies, provisions.
1) dignity, merit, desert; 2) suitability, fitness; ~ self-respect; ~
preserve one's dignity.
dignified; having dignity; deserving, proper.
unworthy (of), worthless, mean,
indecent; ~ obscenity, indecency.
( ) wash-basin; ()
pan, basin.
taste; pleasure, enjoyment; ~
enjoy the taste of a thing; find pleasure in
smth.; ~ tasty, delicious, delightful.
liberal.
liberalism.
liberalise.
leader; ~ leadership.
fibre.
lift; . elevator.
I silt; ooze; ~ oozy, silty.
II blue, blueing; ~ blue ().

port, harbour.
lemon; ~ citric acid; ~
citrate.
lemonade.
litre.
bean; ~ runner-bean.
flock (, ), flake (); ~-~
It's snowing in flakes.
lord; ~ House of Lords.
1. . boaster, braggart; 2. . boastful,
haughty, lofty, arrogant; ~ boasting,
vainglory.
brag (of, about), boast (of).
anchor; ~ cast / drop anchor;
. settle down, sit down (to).
1) board, sign-board; () doorplate, plate; () blackboard; ~
notice-board; 2) picture, painting ().
dictionary, vocabulary ( ); ~ compile a dictionary.
1) muzzle (), barrel (); roll
( .); 2) spout (); ~ rolled up.
1) bare, naked; stripped; ~ starknaked; 2) . very poor (); ~
naked body.
please; be so kind;
. Tell me the truth, please.
Be so kind as to tell me the truth.
kind, gracious; amiable.
. You are very kind.
necessity; ~ there is no need.
necessary.
unnecessary, needless; unwanted.

enlightenment; education ();

~ public education; ~
Ministry of Education; ~ educational establisment; ~ enlighteners.
enlighten, give education.
. enlightner.
salary (); wages (); ~ wage increase;
79


pay rise; ~ cut wages; ~ wage floor.
adventure; ~ adventurer.
I article; item; ~ paragraph of a treaty.
II substance; matter; ~
structure of matter; ~ explosives; ~ poison gas; ~
nourishing food; nutritives; ~ badilsi metabolism.
financial; material; ~
financial responsibility; ~ financial difficulties; ~ material values; ~ material interest; ~
well-being, living standards; ~ material security.
cave.
shop, store; ~ department
store; ~ butcher's; ~ baker's;
- ~ greengrocer's;
~ grocery; ~ fishmonger's.
skilled.
essence, main point; ~ essentially.
song.
inclined; sloping.
typewriter; ~ typist; ~
type.
tape-recorder; ~ recording tape; ~ tape.
I wares, goods; ~ manufactured goods; ~ food-stuffs;
~ consumer's goods.
II cttle (-); ~ bf; ~
veterinary surgeon, vet.
plaster; ~ plaster.
cattle-breeder; ~ stock breeding;
~ cttle-breeding farm.
: possess, own; have.
country estate.
1. . finances; 2. . financial; ~ finance.
manat (currency note in Azerbaijan).
tangerine.
mandate.
: interfere (with), prevent
(from), hinder, be in the way.
obstacle, hindrance; . hurdle;
~ hurdle-race; 80

~ create obstacles in
smb.'s way; ~ clear
an obstacle, overcome obstacles; ~
freely, unimpeded.
iron framework for roasting meat
on a spit; barbecue; brazier.
interest; ~ with interest; ~ gstrmk show interest, be interested in.
|| take an interest (in); be interested (in); ~ interest; rouse interest.
interesting.
uninteresting, dull.
deer; reindeer (); ~
antlers.
postage-stamp; stamp; ~ () stick a stamp (on).
Mars astr. Mars.
march.
marshal.
route.
March.
table.
massage; ~ massage.
mask; ~ unmask.
put on a mask; . disguise.
poker; tongs; fire-tongs.
machine, engine, car ();
~ lorry, . truck; ~ fire-engine; ~ meat grinder,
mincing-machine; ~ drive a car;
~ go by car, take a car.
machine-building; ~
machine-works.
( ) engine-driver.
checkmate, mate; ~ mate;
~ be greatly astonished.
material; ~ building /
construction materials.
|| materialism; ~ materialist.
1. . mourning; 2. . funeral ();
mournful (); ~ memorial
service.
blue, sky-blue; ~ blue-eyed.
I yeast; ~ yeasty; ~ baker's
yeast.
II: () main capital; ~ prime
cost; ~ spend money to gain profit; invest.
lighthouse.


liquid.
vest; . sports-shirt.
furniture; ~ upholstered furniture; ~ furnish.
medal; ~ get a medal; ~ ( ) confer a medal (on).
hotel, inn ().
affectionate, tender, kind; ~
tenderness, kindness.
mechanic; ~ mechanical; ~
machinry.
melody, tune.
architect; ~ 1. . architecture; 2. c.
architectural.
menu, bill of fare.
mayer.
forest; wood; ~ forest belt;
~ forest guard; ~ subtropical forest; a ~ pine forest, pinery.
forester.
1. . metal; 2. . metallic; ~
non-ferrous metals.
metallurgist; ~() metallurgical.
metallurgy; ~ ferrous
metallurgy; ~ non-ferrous metallurgy.
method.
metre; ~ square metre;
~ cubic metre.
the Metro, the Underground, .
Subway.
square; . ~ challenge,
defy; ~ appear, happen; tikinti
~ building-site.
playground; sportsground ();
field (futbol); pitch (tennis).
corpse; ~ morgue.
1) () inclination, leaning; ()
slope; tendency; 2) () desire, wish;
~ have desire; show interest; ~
inclined, sloping.
monkey; p (); ~ anthropoid; ~ ape;
monkey.
vine, grapevine.
fruit; ~ fruit-tree; ~
orchard; ~ ( .) bear fruit.
temple.
sum, sum of money, amount.

figurative; ~ in a figurative
sense; figuratively.
obliged, bound; ~ oblige,
make; force; ~ be forced, be
obliged; ~ forced; obligatory; ~
compulsory education; ~ ( ) forced / emergency landing.
obligation; pledge; ~ be fored.
code; ~ code; ~
criminal code.
unknown; . ~ passive voice.
assembly; ~ General Assembly
(-); ~ ()
Azerbaijan Parlament.
journal; magazine; ~
issue of a magazine.
stomach; ~ stomach-ache; ~
I have a stomach-ache; ~
gastric juice; ~ gastric ulcer.
mine; ~ salt-mines; ~
oil fields.
cultural; cultured (); ~
cultural relations; ~ in a civilized
manner.
culture; ~ cultural monument; ~ ill-mannered; uncultured.
notion.
wire; ~ wireless.
charmed, fascinated; ~ charming, fascinating; ~ charm, fascinate; ~ be charmed.
defeated, overwhelmed; ~
be conquered, be defeated; lose.
unconquerable, undefeatable.
defeat; ~ suffer a
defeat.
proud; ~ pride.
: ~ , ? Isn't he a doctor?
~ s ? Don't you know
him? ~ ? Won't he come?
skill; mastery; mastership; ~ show mastery / skill; ~ skilfully; ~ skilful, skilled.
prisoner.
limited.
limitation; restriction.
limit; restrict.
81


love, affection; ~ love
for one's country; ~ love affair;
~ loveworthy.
district, block.
court; ~ court of justice;
~ bring an action (against);
take into court; ~ go
into court; ~ a matter of a court;
~ trial; ~ court martial;
~ Criminal Court; ~
officer of law; ~ jury.
sentenced, condemned; ~
sentence; / ~ sentence to death / to life
(imprisonment).
. solution.
deprived; ~ deprive (of);
- ~ dispossess; ~ be deprived of; ~
imprison; ~ disinherit;
~ lose rights.
() hardships, privation; ~ suffer hardships;
have a rough time.
1) crop, harvest; ~ harvest
time; harvesting; ~ heavy crop;
2) product; ~ food-stuffs; ~ animal products.
productive; fruitful; ~ productivity.
|| destroy, put an end; kill (); ~ destroying; murderous;
~ be destroyed / ruined; die; perish.
namely, just, exactly.
secret, confidential.
creature.
velvet.
denominator; ~
reduce to a common denominator.
belonging (to); characteristic; ~ belong (to); ~ original, peculiar.
everyday life; ~ air
conditioner; ~ living conditions;
~ household goods.
school; ~ University; college;
~ secondary school; ( )
high school; ~ primary school;
~ school-master, school-teacher;
~ schoolmate; ~ go to
82

school; ~ boarding-school;
~ () under school age;
~ kindergarten, nursery
school.
() school-girl; ( ) schoolboy; ~ school-children.
letter; ~ correspondence;
~ correspond by letter.
article; ~ editorial ().
purpose, aim, intention; ~ with
the purpose of; ~ with the sole
purpose.
expedient, advisable.
pleasant (, ), charming ().
angel; ~ pretend to
be an angel.
bleat.
known, evident, clear; ~ unknown;
. I know everything; . It is wellknown.
1) knowledge (); 2) information, news; ~ latest news; ~
Information Bureau; ~ Directory;
~ inform; give information.
ointment, liniment ().
satisfied; pleased; ~ be
pleased.
with pleasure.
I; ~ me; ~ me; ~ my; ~ mine;
~; It is me; ~-~ brag;
~ I think; ~ ! Look; I say.
sense; meaning, significance;
~ in the fullest sense of the
word; ~ there is no sense.
interest, benefit.
having meaning; having sense; sensible.
senseless, absurd.
source (, ); origin, mouth
(); ~ source-book.
moral; spiritual; ~ spiritual affinity; ~ spiritual values;
~ morality.
profit; gain (); ~ pay
/ bring (in) profit; ~ profit (by).
profitable.
negative; ~ bad influence; ~
unfavourable criticizm.


1) mastering, learning (); 2) appropriation ( ).
1) learn, master ();
2) appropriate ( ).
self-respect, dignity; ~()
wound smb.'s vanity / pride.
career; rank; ~
make one's career; attain a high rank.
ambitious; careerist.
belonging (to); ~ belong (to).
origin; ~ by origin.
point; post; ~ polling-station; ~ first-aid station.
logic; ~ logical; ~ logical; convincing (); ~ without logic.
1) landscape; view; 2) (
) landscape; landscape-painting;
~ sea-scape.
landscape painter.
picturesque.
flat, . apartment, dwelling;
~ block of flats; . appartment
building; ~ dwelling-space; flat;
~ house-building; ~ rent.
ceremony; rite; ~ funeral;
funeral procession; ~ wedding ceremony.
bet; ~ bet, make a bet; ~
win a bet; ~ lose a bet.
brave, courageous; ~ manly, in
manly way; bravely.
courage, bravery.
stage; ~ initial stage; ~ final
stage.
mercy, pity; charity (xeyirxahlq);
~ pity; show mercy (to); ~ out
of charity.
kind, merciful, pitiful, tenderhearted.
merciless, cruel; ~ pitilessness, callousness.
the late.
centre; ~ centre of attntion; ~ in the limelight; .
~ centre forward.
centrifugal.
central; ~ Central Asia.
marble.

floor; storey; ~ ground

floor; ~ first floor; ~ fivestoreyed; ~ many-storeyed.
: ~ be subjected (to), be
exposed (to); ~ be criticized; ~ be exposed to
danger.
lecture; ~ lecturer; ~
deliver a lecture; ~
lecture on history.
distance; ~ a long way off;
at a great distance.
mosque.
. infinitive.
saying; proverb; ~ speak
using proverbs.
problem; question; . sum;
~ key question, chief question;
~ difficult task; ~
put / place an item on the agenda;
~ 1) solve the problem;
2) . do a sum. ,...
the question is that...
for example, for instance.
dwelling, place to live, home; ~ settle down, make one's home.
advice; counsel, consultation;
~ advise; give smb. a piece of
advice; ~ consult, ask advice (of).
adviser; consultant; ~
legal adviser.
consulting-room; ~
maternity welfare centre; ~ legal
advice office.
drunk; ~ make drunk; ~
become drunk.
responsible (for); ~ very
important comission.
responsibility; ~ be
responsible (for); ~ call to
account.
irresponsible; ~ irresponsibility, absense of responsibility.
torch.
occupation; studies (); ~ school hours.
busy; engaged; ~ be busy; be
engaged (); ~ go
in for sports; ~ study
83


medicine; ~ do housework; ~ be engaged in
politics; ~ ( )
give lessons (to); ? What are you doing now?
occupation; business.
famous, well-known; ~ wellknown person; celebrity; ~ become
famous; ~ () fame.
training; ~ train, practice.
trainer, coach.
printing-house.
1) kitchen; ~ kitchen
utensils; 2) cuisine ();
~ Azerbaijan cuisine.
(the) press; ~ freedom of
the press; ~ in the press; ~
press conference; ~ mass media.
firm; steadfast.
text.
depressed, in low spirits, upset; ~ upset, disappoint; ~ be upset,
be disappointed.
grave, tomb.
1) ( ) appetizor, savories;
2) () joke; ~ funny, amusing.
comedy; ~ comic.
comic actor, comedian.
oppressed; humble.
contents; ~ rich in content, substantial.
graduate.
leave, holiday, . vacation;
~ sickleave; ~
be on leave; ~ go for a holiday.
nail; ~ nail.
grumble, mutter; () growl.
mumble, mutter.
microscope; ~ microscopic;
very small.
microphone.
quantity; amount; ~ in
quantities; a lot of; a great many;
~ a great amount of money; .
~ cardinal numeral.
scale; ~ on a large scale;
~ on a world scale.
I knitting-needle ( ).
II () line, stripe; ~ ~ striped.
84

III ( ) mile.
fly; ~ make a
mountain out of a molehill.
nation; ~ national
minorities.
nationalist; ~ nationalism.
national.
nationalization.
nationalize.
nationality.
milliard; a. billion; ~ multimillionaire.
million; ~ ten million books;
~ millionaire.
thousand; ~ thousands; ~ the
thousandth.
. mine; ~ mine; lay mines;
~ , ~
clear of mines.
minaret.
millennium.
get on (, .); get
in (, );
~ mount a horse; ~ go aboard a
ship.
grateful, thankful; ~! Many
thanks! I'm grateful; ~ be grateful;
thank; appreciate.
gratitude, thankfulness.
inheritance; ~ inherit.
pearl; ~ Venetian pearl;
~ pearl-diver; ~ a string
of pearls.
copper; ~ coppery.
example; ~ cite as an example; ~ for example.
copper-smith.
incomparable, inimitable, unparalleled.
Egypt; ~ Egyptian.
nail; ~ , ~ nail; hammer in.
saw; ~ hand-saw.
saw.
meeting; ~ hold a meeting.
fashion; ~ be in fashion; ~
be out of fashion; ~
dressed fashionably; o ~ latest styles.


model, pattern; ~ design a
model; ~ design a
new dress.
costume-designer.
|| Moldavia; ~ Moldavian.
M Mongolian; ~ Mongolia.
assembling, mounting, montage
(); ~ installation, erection; ~ assemble, mount.
electrician.
|| morphology; ~ morphological.
raspberry.
motor, engine; ~ start
the engine; ~ motor-boat.
motor-cycle; ~ motor-cyclist.
mosaic.
miracle; wonder; ~ work
wonders.
miraculous.
firm, sound (); strong
(); ~ it's raining hard;
~ strong body / constitution; ~-~
tightly.
strengthen; fortify
().
become stronger.
firmness, soundness; solidity.
respected; (, ) dear.
magnificent; majestic.
seal; stamp; ~ sealed; signed with
a seal.
stamp with a seal; set a seal.
religious; devout; pious; ~
believer.
bracket; ~ in brackets; ~
put in brackets.
existing; present; ~ exist;
... Some
people think that...; ... . There are several types of ...
existence.
superstition; prejudice.
superstitious.
position; . location ();
~ firing position; ~ from
the position of strength; ~ take
one's stand.

season; ~ seasonal work.

theme, subject; ~
change the subject.
autonomous; ~ autonomy;
self-government; ~ autonomous
region.
: ~ animated / cartoon
film.
wax; ~ waxen, waxy.
bead; ~ a thread of beads.
dirty, unclean; wicked ();
disgusting ().
music; ~ music school.
musician.
musical.
pay; ~ paid labour; ~
hired.
museum; ~ Art Museum;
~ museum piece.
a assistant; ~ deputy minister;
~ vice-chairman.
treatment; cure; ~ medicinal
herbs; ~ medical course; ~
treat (for); ~ undergo a cure;
take a treatment; ~ ? What clinic do you attend?
~ ? Who is your doctor?
contemporary, modern, up-to-date;
~ his contemporaries; ~ present situation; ~ the young
people of today; ~ modernity; being
up-to-date.
inspection, examination; ~
examine, inspect ().
exchange; ~ exchange
of experience; ~ metabolism;
~ barter; ~ exchange, barter.
argument; ~ argue, dispute; ~ disputable / controversial question; matter of argument.
exaggeration; ~ exaggerate; ~ exaggerated; ~ without exaggeration.
: ~! Congratulations. . Many happy returns of the
day! Happy birthday! . A Happy New Year!
fighter; ~ fighters for peace;
peacemongers; champions of peace.
85


struggle; fight; ~ struggle,
fight; ~ fight for
peace.
. subject.
abstract; ~ abstract conception; ~ abstraction.
defence, protection; ~
defence of a thesis; ~ defences;
~ stand on the defensive; ~ war industry; ~
defend, protect.
defender; . back; ~
half-back.
interference; ~ foreign
intervention; ~ interfere (with).
time, period; date, term (); ~ for a time; ~ in a short
time; ~ term of study; ~ call-up period; ~ with no fixed
term, permanent ().
terrible, horrid.
manager, director; chief; ~
head master, principal; ~ directorate,
head office.
wise; ~ wisdom.
author; ~ copyright.
teacher; ~ work as a
teacher; teach.
institution, establishment.
definite; certain; ~ under
certain conditions.
define, determine.
detailed; ~ speak in
detail.
inspector; ~ traffic
inspector.
bankrupt; penniless; ~ bankruptcy; ~ go bankrupt, be broke.
singer.
emigrant; emigr (); ~ emigration; migration; ~ emigrate.
() protection; (
) conservation, preservation; ~
protect; keep.
() guard; body-guard.
1. . conservative; 2. . tory
( ); ~
() Conservative Party;
~ conservatism.
86

: ~ try (smb.); judge (smb.).

war; ~ cold war;
~ civil war; ~ the Great
Patriotic War; ~ war-mongers; ~ declare war (on);
~ be at war (with).
book-keeper, accountant;
~ chief accountant; ~ book-keeping;
accountancy.
siege; encirclement; ~
siege; surround; encircle; ~
break out of the siege.
lecture; ~ lecture-hall; ~ deliver a lecture; lecture.
lecturer.
engineer.
motor, engine; ~ oil engine;
~ start the engine.
surroundings, environment; ~
protection of the environment.
important; significant.
opposition; ~ parties
in opposition.
correspondent; reporter; . newsman; ~ press card; ~ special correspondent; ~ corresponding
member.
various, different; ~ variety,
diversity.
shortened, reduced, abridged;
() concise, brief; ~ speak
shortly / briefly; ... In short...
reward, prize; ~ money
award; ~ win the prize; ~ International Peace Prize.
reward; give a bonus;
award premium.
complete, perfect, excellent;
~ know perfectly.
agreement, contract, treaty,pact;
~ terms of the treaty; ~
peace treaty;
~ non-aggression treaty; ~ under
the treaty, according to the treaty; ~ conclude an agreement / treaty; ~
violate the treaty.
resistance; ~ resist;
show resistance; ~ break the
resistance; ~ stand
up the enemy.


comparison; ~ compare;
. ~ degrees of comparison;
~ comparitive; ~ in comparison with smth.
fate, destiny; fortune.
holy, sacred; ( ) saint,
St; ~ Pavel kilssi St. Paul's Cathedral.
preface; introduction; prelude
( ).
guilty; ? Who
is to blame? ~ () be found guilty; , ~ . He is
not guilty.
mild, gentle; moderate; soft; ~
temporate climate; ~ gentleness, softness.
civil; ~ civil service; ~ civil defence; ~
ivil Aviation.
property; ~ personal property.
possible, probable; ~ be
possible; ~ it is impossible; ~
as quick as possible; ~
do one's best.
argument (), conflict;
~ disputed matter.
1) attitude; relations;
~ attitude to life; ~ family relationships; ~ friendly terms;
~ be on good terms (with);
2) occasion, cause; ~ in connection
(with); on the occasion (of).
fertile, productive; ~ fertility.
contents.
astronomer, astrologer.
arbiter; ~ jury; board of
judges.
regular, systematic; ~
regularly.
address, appeal; ~ address,
apply (to); ~ appeal, proclamation.
jam; ~ make jam.
I compound (
); complex; complicated ();
. ~ complex sentence;
~ compoud sentence;
~ complicate; ~ get
complicated.
II ink; ~ inkstand, inkpot.

doze.
reactionary.
competition; ~ (
) open a vacancy; ( )
announce a competition; ~
beauty contest; ~ competitioner.
confiscation; ~ confiscate,
expropriate.
interview; ~ interview.
positive; ~ affirmative answer;
~ look favourably; . ~
positive sign.
Moslem; ~ Mohammedanism,
Islam.
calamity, misfortune; ~
get into trouble / misfortune.
independent; ~ independence;
~ original work.
1. . colony; 2.. colonial (, .); ~
colonize; ~ colonies.
colonizer; ~ colonialism;
~ abolition of colonialism.
investigator.
exceptional; exclusive; ~ exception; ~ as an exception; ~ highly, in high degree; exclusively.
observation; supervision ();
~ observe; keep under observation;
supervise ( ); ~ observer;
supervisor.
adviser, consultant; counsellor
(); ~ military adviser.
conference, meeting; ~
hold a conference.
accompaniment; escort ();
~ 1) () to the accompaniment
(of); 2) () escorted (by); ~
accompany, escort.
joint, combined, common; ~
common cause; ~ joint statement.
reading; ~ read.
impressed, moved, touched;
~ move, touch.
thinker.
specialist (in); expert (in).
progressive; ~ progressive-minded.
87

organized; ~ good organization; ~ in an organized manner;

on a planned basis.
I () certainly; ~ he
is sure to come; he must come.
II absolute; ~ all-round
champion; ~ absolute monarch.
monarchy, autocracy.
ally; ~ allied powers.
the accused, the defendant.
corresponding; suitable; ~
according to; in accordance with; ~
correspond; ~ act accordingly.
balance; equilibrium; ~ keep one's balance; ~
lose one's balance; ~ balance.
: ~ succeed; ~
fail.
success; victory; ~ be a success, be successful, succeed;
~ successful; ~ successfully.
lack of success; failure; ~() fail, be a failure.
temporary; interim (, ); ~ Provisional Government.
discussion; ~ open the
debate; ~ discuss, talk over.

having no remedy; forced by necessity; desperate, hopeless.

ignorant, uneducated; ~ ignorance.
playful, frolicsome; naughty, mischivious; ~ playfulness.
rare, uncommon; ~ seldom,
rarely.
drum; ~ drummer.
: ~ cash; ready money; ~ ( ) pay (in) cash.
1) tale, story; 2) fairy-tale ();
~ tell stories / tales.
! Don't tell stories.
1) unjust, unfair (); 2) vain;
~ wrongfully, unjustly; ~ 88

he was wrongly accused;

~ in vain.
dinner; ~ have (one's) dinner,
dine; ~ make dinner; ~
ask to dinner; ~ dining-room.
herd; cattle; ~ herdsman.
design; decorative pattern; ornament,
drawing; ~ figured, patterned; carved
().
ill, sick; ~ be ill (with); be ailing ().
fall ill, be taken ill.
illness, disease ().
: ~ achieve, attain; ~ achieve success; be a success; ~ achieve one's
object; ~ fail; ~ gain nothing.
achievement, attainment.
() sheat-fish.
1)mean, despicable (); 2) defective; drawback.
horseshoe; ~ shoe; ,
incessantly change
one's mind.
1) () indecent, improper,
disgraceful; 2) ( ) unworthy;
unsuitable.
shoeing-smith, farrier.
groan(ing), moan(ing); ~ moan,
groan.
Mussulman ritual worship; prayer;
~ perform the ritual prayers of
Islam.
not related, not intimate.
unknown; unfamiliar ( ).
unmanly, mean, base, vile; ~
meanness, vileness, perfidy; ~ meanly, treacherously.
in the name;
~ in the name of the world peace.
candidate; applicant; ()
nominee; ~ candidate of science.
honour, good name; ~
affect smb.'s honour; disgrace.
honourable; upright.
dishonest.
mint, peppermint.


ignoble, base; ungentlemanly, dishonourable; ~ meanness, dishonourableness.
ungrateful; thankless.
ingratitude.
pomegranate.
1) uncomfortable; 2) disturbing
( ); ~ 1) ()
worry (about); be anxious; 2) (
) worry; .
Don't worry / bother; take it easy; ~
disturb, bother, trouble.
inconvenience; discomfort; ~
feel uncomfortable, feel uneasy.
1) dissatisfied, displeased; 2) not
agreeing, discordant; ~ 1) be discontented / displeased; 2) ()
disagree.
1) dissatisfaction, discontent;
2) discord.
fine, small; ~ drizzling rain, drizzle; . It is drizzling;
~ fine sand.
orange ().
tangerine.
drug addict; . dope.
narcotic, . dope, drug.
1) () unwell, ill; 2) not in order.
prose writer.
publisher.
ungrateful, thankless.
incomplete, unfinished.
1) () unclean, dirty; 2) (, ) unscrupulous.
orator, (public) speaker.
ar still life.
mincing air, coquetry, whims; ~ ,
~ mince, behave coquettishly; ~
coquettish, petted.
1) thin; 2) () delicate, fine; slender,
slim (); ~ thin voice; ~
become / get thin.
minister; ~ Finance Minister;
. Secretary of Treasury; ()
Chancellor of the Exchequer.
ministry; ~() Ministry
of Foreign Affairs; ~()
Ministry of Home Affairs; ~()
Ministry of Education.

1) how; how well; ? How

are you? ~ ? How well
does he speak English? 2) what kind of;
~ ? What kind of man is he?
~? What is the weather like?
3) () what; ~ - at
any rate; in any case.
how many; ~ some, several, a few;
~? What is the date
today? ~? What time is it?
~? How much does it cost? ~
- at whatever price.
oil, petroleum, mineral oil; ~
derrick; ~ oil-well; ~ ,
oil-refining, oil-processing, petroleum refining; ~ oil-refinery; ~ oil-extracting; ~
oil-producing countries;
~ oil pipeline; ~
lay an oil pipe-line; ~ oil product; ~ oil / petroleum products; ~ oil gusher;
~ oil / petroleum imports;
~ oil-producing areas; ~ oil-extracting industry; ~
(oil) tanker; ~ oil output; ~
oil field.
oil indusrty worker.
1) benefit, favour;
~ material and spiritual goods; blessing ( ); gift; 2) () food.
what; whatever; how; ? What
for? ? What
relation to you is that man? ?
What can I do? still, all the
same, after all; ? What
does it mean? well, never mind,
anyway. , . He believes
whatever he hears. ? When?
? ow much, how many;
why, what for; , ? What is
the news? How are the things going on?
? What has happened to you? ? ?
What's the use?
pulse; / ~ low / quick pulse;
~ pulsation; ~ his
pulse is throbbing; ~ , ~
feel smb.'s pulse; ~ 89


know how to approach smb.; use tact
with a person.
nobility, nobleness, high (good)
birth; ~ noble, of noble birth.
noble, high-born; ~ nobleness,
nobility, high birth.
for some reason.
person; ~ there were ten
of us; ~ somebody is
waiting for you.
breath, breathing; ~ breathe; ~
be out of breath; ~
take a breath; ~ be
very much frightened; ~
choke, suffocate; ~ at one go; ~
blurt out everything.
: ~ wind-instruments; ~ brass band.
song.
at last; ~ ! Here you are
at last! ~ extremely; ~ endless, infinite.
gigantic; titanic; ~ gigant;
~ with rapid strides.
not only; ~ ..., ... not only...
but also...
1) () narrate; 2) () transport, convey.
1) transport; ~ motor
transport; ~ rail transport; ~ traffic; 2) () transportation;
~ means of transportation.
saucer.
. humid, moist, damp; ~
humidity, moisture, dampness.
grandmother, granny, grandmamma,
grandma.
ladder; (-) stepladder.
I roar, growl; ~ roar, growl.
II . sturgeon.
narcissus.
roar, growl.
roar, roaring.
edification, admonition; ~
teach a lesson; edify.
edifying.
1) generation; ~ new generation;
2) family, stock; ~ by birth; ~~ from
generation to generation.
90

prose; ~ prose work.

pleasure, delight.
take pleasure (in), enjoy oneself.
merry ().
publication, edition; ~ publish.
publishing-house.
1) conclusion; 2) result, outcome; ~
as a result; ~ get good
results, make good progress ();
~ come to a conclusion.
caress, endearment; ~ kindly.
grandchild, grandson (); granddaughter ().
politeness, courtesy.
politely; courteously.
polite; tactful; courteous, civil.
impolite, rude; ~ incivility,
tactlessness, impoliteness.
control, supervision; observation;
~ control, supervise;
~ cross check.
controller, supervisor.
neglected.
attached (to); ~ attached
to the factory.
1) glance, look, gaze (); ~ glance, cast a glance, look; ~
take into account; ~ not
take into consideration; ~
look through; -~ point of view;
~ bring to the attention,
inform somebody (about).
theoretical; ~ theoretically, in theory.
theory; ~ theorist.
exclamation; ~ exclamation
mark; ~ exclamatory sentence.
discord, enmity; ~ cause to
quarrel; sow discord.
hatred; contempt; ~ contemptious (); ~ hate.
g marriage.
anxious, worried; ~ be worried, be anxious; ~ cause to be
anxious.
anxiety.
optimistic; ~ optimist.
optimism; ~ optimistically.


nickel; ~ plate with nickel.
nicotine.
veil (with two holes for the eyes);
mask.
plate; ~ soup plate;
~ dinner plate.
proportion; comparison.
1) in comparison, comparatively;
~ this text is
easier than that one; 2) relatively.
relative; ~ simple majority.
on credit.
1) sign, symbol, mark; 2) (
) engagement; betrothal; 3) sight;
~ aim (at), take aim / sight (at);
~ mark; ~ wedding-ring.
( ) become
engaged.
engaged; fiance (olan), fiancee ().
starch.
speech; . ~ indirect speech;
~ direct speech; ~ parts
of speech; ~ deliver a speech;
~ go numb; become speechless.
why; ~? but why?
purpose, intention; ~
intend, be about; ~ with the intention of.
order, discipline; ~ put in
order; ~- discipline.
: ~ regular army.
: ~ addmlamaq march.
in disorder, irregular.
pea.
norm, standard; ~ standards
of behaviour; ~ legal regulations; ~ standards
of international law; ~ work quota.
normal.
N 1. . Norvegian; 2. . Norway ().
. note.
note; ~ diplomatic note;
~ exchange of notes; ~ hand (in) a note; ~
send a note of protest;
~ a counter note.
gutter; chute.
spring.
1) the first day of spring (March
22); 2) holiday celebrated in some countries of the East.

November.
servant.
defect.
defective, imperfect.
defectless; perfect.
- point of view; standpoint.
1) (, ) point, stop;
~ boiling-point; ~ foot-hold;
~ the highest point; ~~ exactly;
2) . full stop; ~- semicolon;
~ colon; ~ dot.
1) number; , . ~
issue; ~ item of the programme;
2) . () trick; ~ play a
trick.
1) () kind, sort; ~ all kinds (of),
all sorts (of); 2) () grade , quality; ~ first rate; ~ top-quality,
high-grade; 3) . species, variety (); 4) . voice; /
~ active / passive voice.
1)shift (); session ( .); 2) turn; ~ in the first
place; ~ in one's turn;
~ in the first instance, primarily; ~
in turn; 3) queue; . line; ~
stand in a queue / in a line; ~
watch.
person on duty; ~ ?
Who is on duty today?
next; ~ regular leave.
light, brilliance; ~ let
a light descend upon his tomb;
~ () the light of my eyes, my darling.
luminous, shining, majestic.
1) authority (); influence ();
~ have great influence; have
authority (over); carry authority (with);
~ win prestige; ~
lose prestige; ~ discredit.
authoritative, influential.
delegate, representative,
spokesman; ~ delegation; ~
representation, agency ().
demonstration; show; ~
demonstrate, show (); exhibit ().
demonstrator, marcher.
standard, model; pattern; specimen,
example; ~ set an example;
91

~ give an example; ~
1) follow the example (
); 2) take a sample (
).
model; ~ model student.
copy; ~ in triplicate; ~
make a copy.
1. . nucleus; 2. . nuclear; atomic;
~
peaceful uses of nuclear
energy; ~
nuclear power; ~ nuclear reactor; ~ nuclear weapons; ~ denuclearized zone; ~ danger of nuclear warfare, nuclear danger.

1) ( ) he, she, it; ~, ~ him,

her, it; ~ his, her, its; 2) ( ) that, . those; ~ that book ;
~ those books; ~ then, at
that time; ~ since then; ~ the
other; ~ as many (as); ~ ,
as for...
( ) character; ( ) image; ~ figuratively.
object.
objective; ~ objective reason; ~ unbiassed attitude.
1) hearth, fire place, fire-furnace;
~ make a fire;
~() seat of war; ~() cultural centre; 2) () home.
1) sketch, essay; 2) feature-story (); ~ essayist, sketch-writer;
() feature-writer.
fire; ~ ; ~ set fire, set on
fire; ~ catch fire, burn; . ~
get furious; ~ get into
trouble; ~ very quickly; ~ extremly expensive.
fire-proof; ~ fire-brick.
Eau-de-Cologne.
catch fire.
92

fiery; passionate (, );
~ fire-arms.
firewood, log; ~ chop (spilt)
wood; ~ wood-cutter.
boy, lad, fellow, chap; . guy;
~ young man.
thief; ~ kidnapper; (,
) hijacker; () pickpocket.
stealthy (); ~-~ stealthily.
son; ~- () children; ~
adopt; ~ stepson.
steal; kidnap (); hijack
().
o stealing, theft; robbery (); burglary ( ).
1) arrow (); 2) axle ();
~ axis of the equator; . ~
porcupine.
I 1) () look like, be like,
resemble; 2) () take after;
, () it looks as if...
II () caress, cherish.
III ( ) lament, wail.
o similar, alike; ~ similarity, resemblance.
1) make an imitation / copy (of);
2) mistake a person for another ( ); see resemblance.
resemblance, likeness.
reading; ~ () well-read; welleducated.
reader.
1) read ( .); 2) study (, .); ~ give a
lecture; 3) sing (); ~ challenge; ~ curse.
ocean.
October.
1) become; .
We shall be (become) teachers; 2) be;
. He is alwavs at home;
3) happen; ? What has happened?
4) live; ? Where do
you live? 5) fit; this
dress fits me; 6) fall, come; the
night fell; it is impossible (
); one cannot; you must not ();
there is not
a minute to lose; he
is not a man to be trusted;


he is forbidden running;
? May I come in? ...
probably, perhaps.
ten; ~ (the) tenth; ~ eleven; ~
twelve; ~ tenfold; ~ one-tenth.
then (o ); in that case ( ).
|| oncologist; ~ oncological.
oncology.
they; ~, ~ them; ~ about
them; ~ their; ~ theirs.
( ) ten-manat note; (
) ten-dollar bill; 2) () decimal.
ten-storey(ed).
. vertebra; ~ spine, backbone, vertebral column.
opera; ~ Opera House.
operator.
optical; ~ optics.
there; that way; ~ there; ~-
here and there.
sickle; ~- hammer and sickle.
orbit.
order, decoration; ~ Order of
Independence; ~ Order of Glory;
~ be decorated with an order;
~ decorate with an order.
army; forces; ~ the
Azerbaijan Army; ~ regular army.
original (-); genuine
(); authentic ().
orchestra; band ().
I 1) organ (); 2) body (,
); ~ government
bodies; ~ local
authorities; ~ press organs;
~ government circles; . the
Establishment.
II . organ; ~ organ-player.
organism.
1. . middle; ~ in the middle
of the room; . ~ arise, spring
up, appear; 2. . middle, middling, average; ~ on (upon) the average;
~ Central Asia; ~ (of) medium
height; ~ secondary school; ~ 1. . the Middle Ages; 2. . medieval.
average ( ).
middle-age; ~ middle-aged.
grass (); hay (); ~ weed;
~ sea-weed; ~ haystack;

~ mow grass; ~ thyme;

. Like father,
like son.
room; ~ do (tidy) a room;
~() drawing-room; ~()
bed-room; ~() dining-room.
graze, pasture.
() hay-maker; ~ grassmowing machine.
pasture.
graze, pasture.
1) sit down;
~ sit through the play; 2) ()
fit; ~ sit / fit well; have a
seat, sit down; be seated.
seat, offer a seat.
thirty; ~ the thirtieth; ~ thirty-year-old; ~ the thirties.
herbivorous.
hunting, chase, fowling (); fishing
(); ~ , ~ go out
hunting; go fishing (), go shooting
(); ~ gun-dog; ~
hunting season; ~ game.
lowland, plain; flat country.
hunter.
shoot; hunt; fish ().
1) () massage; 2) crumble ().
witchcraft; sorcery.
magician, witch; sorcerer.
bewitch, cast a spell (upon);
charm ( ).
palm; ~ handful.
.
awake.
wake up, awaken.
wake smb. up; awaken.
thimble.
playful, frisky.
. joint.
1) play (); act ( .);
2) dance ( ); ~ play a part;
~ gmble.
1) play; game; ~y gambling;
2) acting ().
trifle; toy, plaything; . easy
job; ~ puppet government.
1) player; 2) gambler ().
93

bile; gall; ~ . gall-bladder.

1) compensate; indemnify
(); 2) pay off (); clear off.
compensation; paying-off, pay-off.
step; ~ stepmother; ~ stepfather.
bull; ox; . ~ work
like a horse; ~ strong as a horse.
measure; ~ sound the
depth; ~ take one's (smb.'s) temperature; - consider carefully; ~ measure other's
corn by one's own bushel.
( ) measure; ~
take measure (of);
~ take smb.'s measurements; ~ ( ) take
measures; ~ drastic measure; ~
measureless; beyond all limits.
kill, murder.
killing.
: ~ be under an obligation;pledgeoneself;~ leave
to; make smb. responsible (for); ~
manage, cope with; ~
be under the responsibility of.
obligation, engagement.
country, province; land; ~ all
over the country, throughout the country.
die, pass away (), be dead;
. die for ( ); ~ 1) die
of hunger ( ); 2) starve to
death.
immortal; ~ immortality.
dead man, corpse; ~ the dead.
morgue.
death; ~ untimely death; ~ capital punishment; ~ death
sentence; ~- life and death.
1) deadly; 2) () half-dead.
life; ~ lifelong; ~ live;
never in my life.
for life; ~ the life
(imprisonment); life punishment.
front, fore-part; ~ in front (of), before.
94

() first of all; () in
advance, beforehand; ~ two days
ago.
apron; ( ) bib; pinafore.
kiss; give a kiss.
kiss; ~ kiss.
duck; ~ duckling.
kerchief.
1) cover (); 2) close, shut (,
.).
bed-spread (), coverlet.
covered; shut ().
cough.
cough.
last (); previous ; ~, ~
old times.
ephemeral; ~ hasty impression; ~ hasty glance, glimpse; ~ fleeting acquaintance; ~
cast a glance, glimpse; ~ catch
glimpse.
1) outrun, outstrip, leave behind ( ); overtake (); 2) go
past; sweep (past, by) ( ).
for the sake of; for; ~ for
smb.'s sake; ~? what for?
1) see off; ~ see smb. home;
2) (-) hand; () pass; 3) ()
miss; 4) . gobble ().
child.
: brag, boast.
|| 1) learn, study; 2) find out, learn
( ).
get accustomed / used.
teach.
. - admonition; lecture; ~ admonish, lecture smb.;
read smb. a lecture.
boast, brag.
1) ( ) . He met
his friends. . I
went to my room. 2) ( )
self; ~ myself; ~ himself, herself,
itself; ~ ourselves; ~ yourselves;
~ themselves; 3)
+ own; . He has his own
house. ! Mind your
own business. ~ my own book;

.
I've translated this text by myself/on my
own; ~ pretend to
be deaf; ~ just arrive in
time; ~ brag, boast; ~
be too proud; ~
faint; lose consciousness; ~
come to oneself; ~ , ! exactly!
1) unwarranted; 2) self-willed,
wilful; ~ act wilfully.
Uzbek; ~, ~ Uzbek, the Uzbek
language.
1) () strange, foreign; alien; 2) other,
another ().
base, foundation, groundwork; ~
lay the foundation.

Pp
padishah; ruler in most Eastern countries.
1. . envious, green-eyed; covetous;
2. . envious person, envier.
envy; ~ envy.
bean.
clean, pure; ~ purity, cleanness.
() packet, parcel.
pact.
1) () chamber, house;
~ House of Commons; ~ House of Lords; ~ Upper
Chamber; ~ Lower Chamber;
~ (-) House of
Representatives; ~ Chamber of
Commerse; 2) () ward, room.
kind of a carpet without pile.
mud, wet-clay; . ~()
get stuck in the mud; ~ mud
cure; ~ muddy.
. oak.
. palm-tree.
clothes, dress (); ~ streetclothes; ~ underwear; ~ put
on clothes; ~ take off one's
clothes; ~ house dress; ~ readymade clothes; ~ make clothes.

overcoat, top-coat.
cotton; ~ cotton fabric; ~
() cotton-picker; () cottonpicking machine; ~ pick cotton.
panorama.
Pope.
hat; cap; ~ straw hat; ~ fur
hat.
cigarette; ~ a packet of
cigarettes; ~ cigarette end; ~ smoke a cigarette; have a smoke; ~
give up smoking.
parade; . review; () air
display.
parachute; ~ jump
with parachute; bale out.
parachutist; parachute jumper.
parasite.
I piece, bit, segment; ~-~ in bits, in
pieces; ~-~ break to pieces; ~-~
be broken to bits; ~ a little, a
bit; ~ a piece of bread.
II () cloth, fabric; textile;
~ cotton fabric; ~ silk (cloth).
tear to pieces.
gleam, glitter; sparkle.
glitter; gleam; sparkle.
park; ~ lay out a park.
parquet; ~ parquet.
bright, brilliant, shining.
shine.
parliament; ~ parliamentary elections.
steam-engine; locomotive.
. stalls.
party; ~ belong
to a party; ~ join a party.
partisan; guerilla; ~
guerilla war.
burst, explode; .
My heart is breaking.
blow up; blast ().
explosive.
explosion.
rust; ~ clean off rust; remove
rust; ~ rust.
become rusty.
rustproof; stainless.
passport.
95


share; lot, portion; ~ fall to
smb.'s lot; ~ ( ) go
shares (with).
autumn.
distribute.
capital.
.
pedagogicl; ~ Pedagogical Institute; Teachers' Training College;
~ teaching practice.
pedagogics, pedagogy.
pedagogue, teacher.
coat, jacket; ~ singlebreasted coat; ~ double-breasted coat.
cheese.
(old-age) pension; ~ retire
on a pension; ~ pensioner, retired man.
trade, handicraft; profession; ~
vocational training.
professional.
gift, present; ~ present.
repentant; ~ repent, regret;
~ make smb. regret.
repentance.
prophet.
prophecy; ~ (
) profesy,
foretell.
satellite, baby moon; ~
launch a satellite.
wrestler, athlete; . strong man.
. diet; ~ observe a diet;
be on a diet; ~ dietary food.
tiger.
stammerer, stutterer; ~ stammer, stutter, have a stammer.
window; ~ windowpane
( ).
dispersed, scattered; ~ retail
trade; ~ retail goods; ~
retail price.
1) curtain; () blind, draperies;
~ curtain; . curtains went up / rose; curtains
went down / fell; 2) membrane (
.); 3) act ( ); 4) musical
note ().
96

worship; adoration; ~ adore,

admire; worship.
place of worship.
admirer, adorer, worshipper.
fairy, nymth; ~ water-nymth.
confused; embarrassed; ~
embarrass, make smb. feel confused; ~ feel embarrassed.
butterfly, moth.
honey-comb, beehive.
whisper; speak in whisper.
whisper; ~ speak in
whisper.
piano; ~ play the piano.
1) step; ~ / go
up the steps / down the steps; 2) ()
stage; level; ~ raise
to a higher level; o ~ () multistage; ~-~ step by step.
stairs, staircase; ~ /
go upstairs / downstairs.
pilot.
. penguin.
slovenly; ~ sloven; ~ slovenliness.
pioneer.
comb, crest.
bad; ~ worse; ~ the worst;
~ () dance badly;
~ behave badly; ~
feel bad.
speak ill of , slander.
get worse.
malice, evil, harm; ~ harm smb.;
do smb. great harm.
ill-disposed; ill-intentioned.
cat; ~ kitten.
fat; grease (); ~ fat;
1) () pedestrian; ~
walk; ~ walk, go on foot; ~
pedestrian crossing; 2) .
~ infantry; 3) . pawn.
become fat.
placard, poster.
plan; ~ fulfil the plan.
planet; ~ interplanetary.
plastic.
raincoat, mackintosh.


platform.
platinium.
() stopping, filling; ~
() fill a tooth, stop a tooth.
stop, fill ().
post; . mail; ~ air-mail; ~
post, mail; ~ letterbox; ~ Post Office; ~
stamp.
postman.
tray.
poem.
poetry.
shoulder-strap.
steel; ~ of iron will.
steel-maker; steel-founder.
steel-works.
police (); policeman ();
~ police station.
regiment.
tomato.
popular.
port.
orange; ~ orange.
bag, briefcase.
Portuguese; ~ Portugal; ~,
~ Portuguese.
() rubber, eraser.
immoral, dissolute.
1) immorality, dissoluteness;
2) ~() indigestion; ~()
nervous disorder.
1) ( ) rub out, erase; () blot out; () cross out;
2) () disorder; ~ disturb one's peace; ()
ruin, wreck; ~ cause indigestion.
( ) stew (),
braize; ( ) cook slightly.
1) ( ) get red in face;
flush; () blush; 2) .
practical (, ).
president; ~ presidential election; ~ candidate for
president.
principle.
of principle; ~ a man of principle; ~ a matter of principle.

problem.
professor; ~ professorship.
public prosecutor; ~ Prosecutor
General, . Attorney General.
programme.
programmer.
programme.
proletarian; ~ proletarian
revolution; ~ dictatorship of
the proletariat.
process.
() avenue.
protest, remonstrance; ~
remonstrate.
() artificial (, ); denture ().
minutes; record of proceedings;
~ draw up a report; keep the
minutes.
mental; ~ derangement.
psychiatrist.
|| psychiatry; ~
mental hospital, lunatic asylum.
mentality, mind.
psychology.
psychologist.
empty.
powder; ~ powdered.
powder.
money; ~ cash; ~ small
change; ~ paper money; metal ~ coin.
1) ( ) rich; 2) ( ) paid.
free of charge; ~ free education; ~ free ticket.
lack of money.
ambush; ~ lie in ambush
().
1) lie in wait (); 2) ()
spy.
eruption; ~ erupt.
lot; ~ cast lots; ~ draw
lots.
play.

97

Rr
communication; ~ Ministry
of Communication; ~ post and
telegraph office.
communications engineer; .
signaller.
radar.
. radiator.
radio, wireless; ~ broadcast; ~ broadcasting centre;
~ broadcasting; ~
radio-set.
comfortable, easy; ~ keep
quiet; ~ rest.
ease; comfort.
monk; ~ nun.
1) rocket; ~ missile base;
~ rocket installations; o
~ space rocket; 2) . ~ land-based rockets;
~ cruise missiles; ~ nuclear
missiles; ~ medium-range
missiles; ~ long-range
missiles; ~ short-range
missiles; ~ missile carrier.
||, ~ meet by chance,
meet, come across.
region, district.
1) satisfied, content (with), pleased;
~ be pleased, agree; ~ satisfy ().
agree.
1) satisfaction; 2) agreement; ~ mutual content; ~ thank;
~ express satisfaction; ~()
come to an agreement.
. anis.
reaction.
reactive, jet; ~ jet-plane.
1) real, actual; substantial; 2) realistic.
realism.
realist.
: ~ ( ) realize.
realize; make real.
reality.
98

() editorial office; () editorship; ~ editorial board.

editing; reduction; ~ edit,
reduct, revise.
editor; ~ editor-in-chief; ~ sub-editor.
reflex.
reform.
1) regime ( ); 2) ()
routine, regimen.
stage-manager; director ();
~ assistant director.
advertisment; ad; commercials
( ); ~ advertise; / ~ have an
ad in the newspaper / on the radio; ~ ad agency; ~ electric signs;
~ publicity campaign.
record; ~ set up a record;
~ beat smb.'s
record.
record holder.
rector, head of a University; ~
University administration.
rail; ~ run off the rails.
Renaissance.
X-ray; ~ X-ray; ~ -
X-ray photography; ~ X-ray
examination; ~ X-ray therapy;
~ X-rays.
radiologist.
. repertoire, program.
report of a newspaper man; coverage; commentary ().
. prescription; () recipe.
rheumatism.
trip, run; flight.
1) () rubber, eraser; 2) (
) elastic.
refusal, rejection; ~ refuse,
reject; ~ reject a
draft resolution; ~ reject a
proposal; ! Get away, Get out. ~
o away with, down with; ~
! down with war!
shelf; . shelves.
1) () action, step, deed; behaviour; 2) treatment ( ); ~
1) behave; 2) treat.


sympathy, liking; ~ feel
sympathy (for).
leader; head (); ~ art
adviser; ~ supervisor; ~ formmaster, form-mistress (); ~
leading role; ~ guiding forces;
~ authorities.
leadership, supervision; guidance
( ); management ();
~ guide, conduct, supervise; ~()
under the leadership.
mercy; ~ pity (smb.); have
mercy (on).
. merciful.
merciless.
chief, head; ~ station master.
rivalry; competition; ~
compete.
figure; ~ri Arabic numerals;
Rum ~ri Roman numerals.
rival; competitor, contestant.
dancer; () ballet-girl.
dance; ~ dancing-master;
~ dance.
symbol; emblem; ~ symbolic.
carpenter's plane; grater (- ).
plane (); grate ().
colour; dye; paint (); ~~ multicoloured, brightly-coloured, motley; ~
turn pale; fade (); ~ ,
~ blush with shame; ~ coloured.
painter, artist; ~ painting.
paint; dye (, ).
house-painter.
colourless.
observatory.
drawing, picture, design; ~
draw a picture.
officially.
1) official; ~ official visit; duty
visit; ~ official; ~ official
talks; 2) formal.
make official.
formality; ~ formalist.
artist; painter.
art; ~ Academy of
Arts; ~ Art Gallery.

legend, narration; ~ the legend says...

review (); opinion ();
~ give smb. a good reference; () criticism, review; ~ express one's opinion; ~
referendum (on); ~ reviewer;
in my opinion.
: ~ presidium.
meanness, vile act; baseness.
adherence (to), observance (of); ~ observe (); -
~ keep order; keep to the rules.
request, prayer; ~ request, ask.
welfare, prosperity; ~ wellbeing; ~
improve people's well-being.
risk; ~ , ~ risk, take
chances; ~ risky.
mockery, sneer, scoff; ~
sneer, mock, be sarcastic (about).
rhythm; ~ rhythmical.
1. . hypocrite, dissembler; 2. .
double-faced; hypocritical.
hypocricy, dissimulation, cant;
~ play the hypocrite.
mathematics; math; ~ mathematician.
role, part; ~ take part (of), play
the part (of), act as; ~ leading part;
~ play the leading part, star.
novel; ~ novelist.
romantic.
romance.
. company.
1) soul, 2) spirit; ~ pleasant;
~ despondence, depression;
~ depressed,
despondent, dispirited; ~ get
depressed, become pessimistic; ~ enthusiasm.
priest, clergymn.
spiritual; ~ mental disease;
psychosis.
be inspired; get enthusiastic.
roll; ~ meat roll; ~ swiss-roll.
Rumanian; ~ Rumania; ~
Rumanian.
Russian; ~ Russia; ~ the Russian
language.
99

wind.
1) term ( ); 2) quarter ( ).
duty; customs tax; ~
impose tax; ~ duty-free.
: ~ put to shame, disgrace
smb.; dishonour; ~ disgrace
oneself; ~ be disgraced; ~ shame,
disgrace, infamy.
bribe; ~ bribes; ~ bribe, give a bribe.
bribe-taker.
bribery.
degree, grade; ~ military rank;
fxri ~ honourary title; ~ of
high rank; ~ artrmaq promote.

Ss
1) hour (60 .); time (); 2) clock
(, ); watch (, );
~ alarm clock; ~ wind a clock
/ watch; ~ 6- at 6 o'clock; ~~ from
hour to hour; ~ ? What's the time?
~ at once, right away.
watchmaker.
1) tomorrow; 2) morning ();
3) the future (); ~ from tomorrow; ~ tomorrow's; ~ . Good
morning; ~ tomorrow morning;
. Don't
put till tomorrow what you can do today.
former, previous, ex-; ~
ex-president.
stable, firm; ~ become stable /
firm.
stability.
soap; ~ a cake of soap;
~ soap-dish, soap-box; ~
soap-boiling; ~ lather; - ~
toilet soap; ~ laundry soap.
soap.
soapy.
hair; ~ do one's hair; ~
lose one's hair; ~ cut
one's hair; ~ grow one's hair;
100

~ plait one's hair; ~

grow grey; ~ long-haired; ~ hair-do.
fringe; ~ fringed.
: ~ shine.
simple, elementary; plain; ~
common people; ~ simple-hearted;
. ~ simple sentence.
simply, plainly.
simplify.
simplicity, modesty.
naive.
true, faithful, loyal; devoted.
pure; ~ open-hearted; ~-
sort out.
purify.
purity.
I alive; living; , ~ as
long as I live; ~ the survivors; ~
come out safe and sound, survive; ~- safe and sound; ~ !
1) Good-bye! 2) () Thank you!
II () right; right-hand side; ~ !
Eyes right! ~- act
without consideration.
recover, be cured, get well.
incurable.
cure.
milker, milkmaid.
sound, healthy; ~ be in good
health; ~ make healthy.
sane, reasonable, sensible.
soundness, health; ~ health
resort.
life, health; ~ ! Good bye! ~
drink smb.'s health. ! Your health.
s|| milk; ~ milking; ~ cow
in milk; milking cow.
say good-bye, take one's
leave.
magpie.
1) branch; field; 2) lot ();
~ areas of researh; ~
field of knowledge; ~ industry,
branch of industry; ~ sphere of
policy; ~ in all spheres;
3) space; ~ living space.
owner, proprietor; holder; ~ host,
hostess (); ~ own, possess.


ownerless; neglected; ~ no
man's land; ~ homeless child.
shore; coast (); bank (); beach
(); ~ seaside; ~ on
shore; ~ () go ashore.
1) keep; hold; 2) () preserve from danger; protect; ~
remember; ~ take smb.'s side;
~ look after a child; ~ keep in a
secret; ~ hold in one's hand;
~ hold one's tongue;
~ keep up traditions.
glazed pottery; earthenware; ~
pottery.
1) false; forged (); ~ false
/ spurious coins; 2) (-) insincere (, ).
falsificator; forger.
forgery, spuriousness; falsificatin.
falsify.
. vowel.
inhabitant; dweller; ~ citizen;
townsfolk; ~ villager.
quiet, motionless, calm; ~ ! Silence!
Be silent!
get / become quiet, calm down.
quietness, calmness; silence; ~()
break the stillness.
beard; ~ grow a beard; ~
bearded.
chewing-gum; ~ chew a
gum.
salution, greeting; ! Hello! How
do you do! ~ greet; ~ send one's regards; ~
. My best regards to
your family. Remember me to your family.
greet.
greet each other; shake hands
( ).
healthy and safe; sound.
salad.
napkin.
cluster; bunch; ~ bunch of
grapes.
hang, be suspended.
. hang, lower; let
smth. down;
sit with one's feet dangling.

1) drop (); 2) spread ();

() lower, pull down; ~ ()
see smb. off; ~ post a letter; ~ cast a glance; ~ throw
a shadow; ~ remember;
~ make a bed; ~ start talking;
~ spread a table-cloth; ~ make
a noise; - ~ kick up a row; ~ discredit.
chronicle; annals; ~ chronicler;
annalist.
hay; ~ hayloft; ~ straw; ~
y do smth. in an
underhand way; ~
catch at a straw; ~,
. A stitch in time saves nine.
. consonant.
s sanatorium.
pin.
pin up, fasten with a pin.
colic, stitch; ~ stomachache.
have a stomachache.
|| 1) (, ) stick (in);
drive (into) (-); set up ();
2) bite (), sting (); 3) have a stitch;
~ I have a stitch in my side.
chest, coffer, box; trunk; ~ a small
box.
second, moment; ~ stop-watch.
as if, as though.
consider; think; ,... I
think..., I suppose...
1) thread; ~ string of pearls;
2) shaft (, ).
thread.
turn yellow; grow yellow.
palace.
bandage; ~ dressing / bandaging material.
I yellow; pale; sa~ bright yellow; very
pale (); ~ yolk;
~ yellowy, yellowish.
II () towards; ~ towards me.
() yellow jaundice.
1) wound ( ); wrap
up; 2) embrace ();
~ throw one's arms round smb.'s neck;
~ take up arms.
wrap up; tie up (); ~ dress
/ bandage a wound.
101


garlic; ~ a clove of garlic.
wrap oneself (up) ( ).
blonde (); fair-headed ().
climber; bind-weed.
climb, creep ( .);
embrace ( .).
1. . fool, idiot; ~ play the
fool, be foolish, make a fool of oneself;
~-~ talk nonsense; 2. . foolish, stupid.
foolishness, stupidity.
|| be shocked, be distressed; ~
destructive.
unconquerable.
shock; ~ nervous breakdown.
shock; distress.
tease; play a joke (on);
~ catch sight (of); see.
seller, sales-clerk, salesgirl, salesboy;
shop-assistant.
sale; ~ sale price; ~ on sale;
~ put on the market, offer for
sale; ~ retail trade;
~ wholesale trade.
satire.
1. . satirical (); 2. .() satirist.
traitor.
betrayal, treachery; ~ betray.
1) sell; 2) ( ) betray,
give away.
education; ~ educate; ~
improve one's knowledge.
become educated; get one's
education.
educated; literate.
illiterate; ~ illiteracy; ~
elimination of illiteracy.
s fight; ~ pugnacious, ready for a
fight.
fight; have a fight.
s 1) number; quantity (); ~ innumerable; 2) . numeral;
~ ordinal numeral; ~ cardinal numeral; ~ in number.
|| thanks to; owing to; ~
thanks to you.
vigilant, watchful; ~ vigilance,
watchfulness.
102

1) . delirium; talking in one's

sleep; 2) nonsense (); ~ 1) be
delirious; talk in delirium; talk in one's
sleep; 2) . talk nonsense.
meter; ~ ? What
does the meter say?
1) count; 2) ( ) regard,
esteem, have respect.
ignore.
disrespect, neglect, ignorance.
indifferently, with ignorance.
agreement; contract, treaty, pact; ~ sign an agreement; reach agreement; ~ bargain; ~
abolish the treaty.
elector; voter; ~ the electorate.
election; ~ a election campaign; ~ electoral district; ~ ballot-paper; ~ polling station; ~ suffrage,
right to vote; ~ elective.
selection; ~ artificial selection;
~ natural selection.
|| 1) choose, select; pick out; 2) elect
( ); ~ be elected, carry
an election.
magic; charm, enchantment; ~ magical, bewitching; ~ magic lamp.
magician, sorcerer; sorceress
(); ~ magic, sorcery; witchery.
conjure, practice witchcraft /
sorcery.
shop, workshop.
stream, torrent.
selection; breeding; ~ plant
breeding; ~ selectionist.
cement; ~ cement.
term ( ); ~ terminal examinations.
series; () part; o ~ TV serial.
service; set; ~ tea-set; ~
dinner-set.
1) session; 2) ~ examinations.
love, affection; ~ beloved, lovable,
darling.
dear, belved; () pretty.


joy; delight; ~ joyful; cheerful;
~ cry with joy; ~ with
joy; cheerfully.
make glad, gladden.
be glad, be pleased.
love, be in love (with); fall in love;
~ be fond of reading;
~ like music;
. Tastes differ. Love is in
beholder's eyes.
safe.
1) observation; ~ observe, watch;
2) walk, stroll; ~ go for a stroll.
rare (); thin ().
seismic.
seismograph.
seismology.
happiness.
cause; reason; ~ cause;
~ for some reason or other;
~ because of this; on this account;
~ good excuse; ~ lame
excuse.
instigator; ~ hero of
the occasion.
basket; ~ plait / weave baskets.
() sneeze; ~ sneeze.
patience; ~ lose one's
patience; be out of patience; ~ be
patient.
patiently.
patient.
impatient; ~ impatiently.
character, nature; ~ typical; characteristic.
characterize.
sound, voice; -~ echo.
faithfulness; fidelity; devotion.
faithfully.
faithful, devoted.
bar, bstacle; wall; ~ bar; .
pull obstacles ( ).
mother-of-pearl.
chairman (); head, president
( ); ~ be in the
chair, preside (over).
stupid, silly.

trip; journey, voyage (); ~

take a trip; go on a journey;
~ return visit.
mobilized; ~ mobilize.
mobilization; ~()
call up.
ambassador;
~ ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary; ~ embassy.
s morning; in the morning; ~ from
the morning, ~ this morning.
health; ~ due to the state of
health.
page.
1) turn (pages) over (
); look through ( ); 2) page ( ).
public health; ~ Ministry
of Health; ~ medical service,
medical care.
s careless, haphazard; ~ carelessness, negligence.
share.
shareholder, stockholder; ~ joint-stock company.
stage; scene ();
~ crowd scenes; ~, ~ stage.
desert.
mistake; error; fault ();
~ blunder; ~ by mistake; ~ make
a mistake; ~ faultless, unerring.
. You are mistaken. You
are wrong.
generosity; ~ generous, openhanded.
pavement, . sideway.
eight; ~ (the) eighth; ~ one
eighth; ~ octagonal; ~
eight-hour working day.
eighty.
startle, cause smb. to start.
start, jump, give a start.
competence; authority;
~ wide powers; ~ confer powers
(on); ~ be within smb.'s competence; ~ exeed one's comission; ~ out of smb.'s competence.
103


1) competent; authorized;
2) plenipotentiary ().
tidiness; order; ~ put in
order.
tidy, neat.
untidy; out of order.
smooth; ~ speak smoothly.
sky, heaven; ~ heavenly
bodies.
profit; ~ fruitless, ineffective,
irrational.
rationalizating.
rationalization.
rationalize, make effective.
fruitful, effective, rational.
1. c. sincere; frank; straightforward;
2. . sincerely; frankly; ~ sincerely; cordially, wholeheartedly; ~
sincerity; frankness.
direction; ~ in the direction (of).
thou (), you; ~, ~ thee (),
you; ~ thine (), your; ~ yours;
? Is it you? ! For
Goodness!
s 1. . industry; 2. c. industrial;
~ industrialization; ~
industrialize; ~ manufacturer, industrialist.
certificate; document; papers;
~ legal instrument.
documentary; ~ documentary.
1) () trade; profession; ~ learn a trade; 2) () art; skill;
~ work of art.
1) skilled workman; 2) artist; ~
artistic ability; professionalism.
art critic; ~ art criticism.
scatter, throw about.
sowing.
rash.
I sow (); pour; strew; ~ sow the seeds of enmity.
II break out ( );
. A rash has broken out on his face.
free, unrestricted; . ~ freestyle wrestling; ~ free-kick;
~ feel relaxed; ~
let smb. go.
104

liberty; ~ let
smb. loose.
sparrow.
order, command; disposal; ~ order, give order; ~. I am at your disposal.
spend; expend; ~ waste.
exhibition; show; ~
exhibit; ~ rt exhibition; ~ exhibit.
adventure.
border, boundery, frontier ();
~ border, border line; ~
violate the frontier.
frontier-guard.
1. . drunkard; 2. . drunk, tipsy;
~ be drunk.
hard drinking; ~ drink hard.
cool, fresh; ~ refreshing;
~ soft drinks.
become cool.
coolness, freshness.
commander, military leader.
h title, headline ().
fixed capital; ~ invest
capital.
1) spread out (); 2) hang on the
line ().
passenger; ~ air-liner.
well-aimed (); ~ good shot;
~ keen eye.
vagabond; vagrant.
severe; inclement (); ~
short manners; ~ severe look; ~
harsh man; ~ tough policy;
~ biting wind; ~ strictness,
severity.
cypress; ~ slim, slender; tall as a
cypress.
riches; wealth; ~ spiritual values; ~ natural resources.
wealthy, rich.
1) voice; ~ high-pitched voice;
/ ~ in a loud / low voice; 2) sound;
~- noise; row, racket; ~ make
a noise; kick up a row; . ~
make known; ~ grow hoarse;
~ () stop talking;
( ) make smb. stop talking;
3) vote (); ~ vote; ~


put to the vote; ~ unanimously; ~ by majority of votes;
~ . One man no man;
~ , nothing has been
heard (from).
hail; call to.
sound, be heard.
voting, poll; ~ national
poll; ~ voting by a show of hands;
~ ballot; ~ voting booth.
pneumonia.
surface; ~ superficial.
line; ~ () new paragraph.
level; standard; ~ sea-level;
~ standard of knowledge;
~ standard of culture; ~ living standard; ~ on a level (with);
~ up to standard; ~ at
minister level; ~ fall
short of standards.
effort; endeavour; ~ , ~ try; endeavour; ~ in spite of all the efforts; ~ diligently, with zeal.
journey, travelling, trip, voyage
(); ~ travel-agency;
~ world tour; ~ travel, take a
trip, make a voyage ().
traveller; voyager ().
jump, leap.
jump, leap.
zero (); nought ();
o [ou] ( ).
smooth, stroke.
s . elk.
refuge; shelter (); ~
give refuge; grant asylum; ~ take
refuge (in); find shelter.
shelter, hide.
. starling.
() go in.
insurance; ~ insurance premium; ~ insure (against);
~ insure one's life; ~ life insurance; ~ fire
insurance.
close (), dense, thick (); ~
thick grass; ~ dense mist; ~ sit close; ~ unite, rally.

( ) hardships, privations; ~ suffer hardships.

oppress, force out.
1) become dense; 2) ()
rally, unite.
density, thickness.
1) squeese, press; ~ shake
hands; ~ press lips;
~ ( ) wring; 2) ( ) be
tight (); pinch ();
. Don't worry; . I'm
sad at heart.
1. . precipice; 2. . precipious.
1) trial, test; ~ trial flight;
~ probing ground; ~
period of probation; ~ stand
the test; 2) () examination, test.
put to test; ~ try oneself.
tried, tested; reliable (); ~
infallible remedy.
break; fracture (, );
~ puzzle over.
grow weak; look drawn.
1. . fractured (); broken ();
2. . . fracture.
bone-setter.
- utterly broken, unfit.
be broken; be fractured; break down
().
1) row, line; rank; ~
sit in the first row; ~ stand
in a line; 2) series (of); number (of);
~ a number of questions.
1) ordinary (); 2) private ().
ear-ring.
|| quilt; ~ quilted; ~
quilt.
1) trivial; 2) shameless ();
~ joker; trivial person.
flatness, impudence.
porridge.
1) complain ( );
2) ache ().
ache (); moaning.
leak ().
mouse; . ; ~ mousetrap.
rat.
urine; ~ (urinary -) bladder.
105


order; ~ order; ~
book a ticket; ~ have a coat
made to order; ~ place an
order for a book.
customer.
I face ().
II . adjective.
cigar; ~ smoke a cigar.
cigarette.
signal, horn (); ~
give a signal; hoot ().
weapon; arms; ~ nuclear
weapons; ~ weapons
of mass destruction; ~ take up
arms; ~ lay down arms.
armament; () arms race;
~ freeze / halt the
arms race.
arm.
armed.
indelible, lasting.
|| shake; ~ jolt, shake.
.
1) wipe; dry (); 2) dust
(o); 3) () rub out; () mop;
() cross out.
1) series; ~ series of articles; 2) range; chain; ~ mountain
range.
string; ~ stringed; ~ string
orchestra; string band; ~ wireless.
1) face; 2) personality ().
symphonic; ~ symphonic
music; ~ symphony orchestra.
symphony.
1. . miser; 2. . mean, stingy.
stinginess; miserliness; ~
stint.
symbol; ~ symbolic.
breast; chest; bosom (); ~
stand up staunchly (for).
1) class; ~ class struggle;
~ working class; 2) () form,
grade; ~ class-room, schoolroom.
nerve; ~ nervous system.
|| syntax; ~ syntactic.
circus; ~ circus show.
1. . vinegar; 2. . vinegary;
. A man of
evil temper harms himself.
106

secret; mystery; ~ reveal a secret

(); ~ betray a secret;
~ keep a secret.
secret; mysterious.
system; ~ systematize.
systematic.
worship; adoration; ~ adorer,
worshipper; ~ worship, adore.
list; ~ poll; ~
make out a list (of).
census; ~ general
census.
policy; politics; ~ peace policy;
a ~ non-interference policy; ~ wait-and-see
policy; ~ for reasons of policy;
~ home / internal policy;
~ foreign policy; ~ frsighted
policy; ~ pursue a policy.
politician.
political; ~ polititian; ~
political system.
you; ~ (to) you; ~ you; ~ your; ~
yours.
bench.
skeleton.
violin.
Slav; ~ Slavic peoples.
stove; ~ furnace.
soda.
onion; ~ spring onion; ~
peel onions; ~ onion-skin; ~ ,
. A bird in the hand is worth
two in the bush; ~ ,
? If the cap fits, wear it.
thrust / drive (in); ~ poke
one's nose.
get (into); ( ) invade.
left, left hand; left-wing (); lefthand side; ~ on the left; ~ to
my left; ~ left-winger.
left-hander; left-handed person.
pale (); withered, faded ().
become pale (); fade ();
wither.
sultan.
1. . end; 2. . final; last; ~ put
an end (to); ~ come to an end;
~ for the last time; ~ , ~


lately; ~ to the last
drop of blood; ~ the latest fashion;
~ the latest news; ~ at the
end (of); ~ in the end; ~ the last.
1) afterwards; later on, then; 2) after;
~ after this; ~ in two
days; ~ . He came last;
~ following, next; ~, ~ later.
1) ( ) endless, infinite;
2) () childless; ~ eternity
().
: ~ , ~ ask information.
questioning; ~ referendum;
~ hold a referendum; ~
questionnaire; ~- questioning, interrogation.
suck.
ask, inquire; ~ inquire after
smb.'s health.
social; ~- Social Democrat.
socialism.
socialist; ~ socialist
society.
o sociology.
o|| sociologist; ~ sociological.
sausage; . frankfurter.
soviet; ~ the Soviet Union.
winnow (); .
~ annihilate, distroy completely.
family; ~ family-name.
robber; burglar (); ~ predatory wars.
robbery; plunder; burglary; ~
rob, plunder.
1) skin, strip; peel ( .);
2) rob ( ).
refrigerator; . frig.
1) cold; ~ the cold weather;
S. It's cold; . I
am cold; 2) frigied, unfriendly (); ~ cold war; ~ be cold to smb.; ~
treat coldly ( ); behave
coldly; ~ coldness.
cold-blooded; self-possessed;
~ presence of mind.
. soyuq dymk catch
cold.

|| become cold; . lose interest

(in); become cool; cool down (); ~ cool.
|| undress, take off one's clothes;
get undressed; ~ undress.
cool, chill.
conversation; chat, talk; ~ talk,
have a talk.
talkative.
1) pull down; 2) unrip (); dismantle (); undo ().
1) destroyed, delapidated; 2) unripped
().
1) () be destroyed / ruined;
2) () become unripped.
() put out, blow out (); ~ switch off / turn off the light.
go out; . die out.
inextinguishable; . unquenchable.
. lean (against);
rest.
back ().
tell; ~ tell the truth;
~ tell a lie; ~ tell a tale.
scold, abuse; curse; ~ swear;
use foul language.
willow.
cursing, bad language; ~ abuse
each other; swear at one another; ~ use foul language.
1) word; ~ start talking about
smth.; ~ promise; ~ go back on one's word; ~ change one's tone; ~
keep one's word; ~
cut someone short; interrupt; ~ in
short; ~ in other words; ~
to tell the truth; ~ obey;
~ undoubtedly; ~- rumours;
2) speech (); ~ take the floor;
~ ( ) give the floor.
1) make agreements; 2) () argue.
spirit, alcohol; ~ spirits, strong
drinks; ~ soft drinks.
the day before yesterday.
scenario, screen play, shooting script;
~ screenwriter.
107


stadium.
length of service.
station; ~ railway station; ~ telephone exchange; ~ petrol station; .
gas-station.
table; desk ( ); ~ lay the
table.
table; ~ reading lamp, desk
lamp; ~ table tennis.
chair; ~ arm-chair;
~ padded chair.
water; ~ mineral water;
~ juice; ~ () broth; beeftea; ~ water-proof; ~
watering-can;
. It made his mouth water; ,
. Birds of a feather flock
together. ,
. Still waters run deep.
question; inquiry; . ~
interrogative sentence; ~ ask, put
question, inquire; ~- interrogation.
submarine; underwater; ~ submarine; ~ reef.
unmarried, single; bachelor.
individual.
subjective; ~ subjectivity.
- abuse; ~ abuse.
- plot, assassination; attempt on smb.'s
life; ~ lay a plot, attempt.
water-snake.
seal.
water.
1) watery; ~ water-colour ();
2) () juicy.
1) image (); 2) copy; ~ make a copy; ~ in that
case.
be thirsty.
|| keep silent; ~ put to
silence; ! Hush! Shut up! Silence.
1) waterless; arid ().
be thirsty.
thirst.
irrigation ().
sovereign; ~ sovereign state;
~ sovereignty.
108

dawn, daybreak; ~ the day is

breaking; ~ at dawn; ~
before dawn.
evidence; proof; ~ prove;
demonstrate, show; ~ it serves as
evidence; ~ . It goes without saying.
milk; ~ () milking cow, milker; ~ milkmaid (); milkman,
dairyman (); ~ milk-tooth; ~ . He is a raw youth.
. What is
bred in the bone will not go out of the flesh.
milk-man (), milk-woman ();
~ dairy; ~ dairy-farm.
milky; ~ milk-porridge.
table-cloth; table-cover; ~ lay
the table; ~ at table.
plot; ~ having a plot.
rudder (, ); handlebars (); wheel (); ~
man at the wheel.
stillness, silence; ~ break
the silence.
dynasty.
peace, reconciliation; ~ peace
policy; ~ peace talks; ~ make peace; ~ peace
treaty; ~ peaceful, peaceloving;
~ World Peace Congress; ~
by peaceful means; ~
struggle / fight for peace; ~ peace movement.
bone; ~() ivory; ~ bony; ~
boneless; ~() (o) penetrate to the marrow; , ~ nothing but skin and bones.
ear.
bayonet.
artificial; false; man-made ().
broom; brush; ~ dustman; streetsweeper; charwoman;
. A new broom sweeps clean.
sweep.
speed; ~ quickly; ~ at great
speed; ~ at lightning speed;
~ fast; ~ gather speed up.
accelerate; speed up;
~ speed one's pace.

exhile; ~ send into exhile.

1) steer, drive (); ride (,
); 2) ~ live, lead a life;
3) () last, go on; ~ last long.
rub (against); rub up ();
- ~ rub one's hands.
herd (); flock (, ); pack
(, ); school (); ~ all
together, in great numbers; in flocks.
driver; ~ driving licence.
drag; . draw.
procrastination.
procrastinate.
reptiles.
|| 1) creep, crawl; drag oneself
along; 2) . live in misery; ~-~
crawling.
slippery.
slip; slide; ~ ski;
~ skate.
iris.
languid, spiritless, inert; ~ sluggishness.
become languid; get apathetic.
pole, pillar (), post; () column; ~ telegraph-pole;
~ frontier post.
I strain smth. out of liquid (,
), filter.
II 1) () look in a coquettish way; - ~ examine from
head to foot; 2) ~ sail in the sky;
3) ( ) dance gracefully.

chestnut; ~ () chestnut; chestnut-coloured.

joyful, merry, gay, glad; ~ joy, delight,
gladness; ~ enjoy oneself, be
merry; have a good time; ~ be glad.
peach.
pupil; apprentice; ~ apprenticeship.
1) shah; king; ~ prince; princess
(); ~ masterpiece; ~ aorta;
2) . check; ~ check to the
king; ~ rear up ( ).

witness; ~ witness; ~ testimony; ~ call one to witness, accept

as witness; ~ testify.
. falcon.
chess; ~ play chess; ~
chess-player.
I frost; freezing weather; 10
~ 10 degrees of frost; 10 degrees below
zero; ~ hard / sharp / bitter frost; ~
it is freezing; ~ frosty; ~ be
frozen; ~ frost-bitten.
II () mine; () shaft;
~ coal-mine.
Father Frost; Jack Frost; Santa
Claus.
frost-resistant.
rumour; hearsay; ~ set a rumour
about; ~ there is some talk
that.
poet; ~ poetical; in a poetical manner; ~ the gift of a poet.
1) () laugh loudly;
2) crack, chatter.
vertical, perpendicular.
shawl.
log.
trousers; . pants.
I: ~ pine-tree; ~ pine wood.
II candle; ~ by the candlelight; ~ candlestick.
III supper ( ); ~
have supper.
musk melon.
shampoo.
I 1) glory; 2) valour; reputation; ~ glorious; ~- fine and imposing.
II honeycomb ().
blackmail; ~ blackmail; ~
extortion of a bribe,
racket.
slap in the face; box on the ear;
~ slap smb. in the face; box smb.
on the ears.
splash ().
ball; balloon; ~ ( ) inflate / blow up a balloon.
aa: ~ notable, worth attention.
dew; ~ early dew; ~ night
dew; ~ dewy; ~ the dew is falling.
109

i
i poetry; poem, verse; ~ blank
verse.
thing; ~ something; ~ nothing; ~ everything.
1) satan, devil; 2) . crafty man;
~ denounce, inform (against) , report
(on, to).
net; network.
recovery; ~ recover health;
~ restore health; heal; ~
resort; ~ healing, life-giving; ~
life-giving.
radiance, glow; ~ dawn, daybreak; ~ sunbeams; ~
shine, beam.
limpid, transparent; ~ transparancy, limpidity.
mercy, charity; clemency; ~
nurse; ~ merciful, charitable.
witnessing, testimony; ~
index finger, forefinger; ~ testify.
certificate;
~ birth certificate; (
) identity card.
town, city; ~ urban population; ~, ~ townsman; ~
municipal transport; ~ mayor.
suburban, local; ~ local
train.
interurban; ~
trunk-line; ~ long-distance call.
martyr; moslem who dies fighting for
faith; ~ martyrdom.
lust; ~ lustful.
person; individual; ~ personal, private;
. ~ personal pronoun; ~
impersonal sentence; ~
non-finite form.
personally.
person; personality; ~ personal immunity; ~
wound smb's dignity.
. conjugate.
sugar, sweet; ~ sugar cane;
~ o granulated sugar; ~ sugarrefinery; ~ diabetes; !
Honey!
110

1) picture; ~ photo; 2) figure;

shape; form; ~ (, )
be reflected; ~ change the
form / appearance; ~ take a form
(of); ~ (, ) draw,
paint; () take a picture, take a
photo.
. affix; ~ prefix; o ~ suffix.
waterfall, cataract; falls.
joyous, cheerful, merry, gay; ~ rejoicings, gaiety, cheerfulness.
Saturday.
make glad; gladden;
the news rejoiced him.
have a good time; enjoy oneself; become cheerful / gay / joyful;
the heart fills with joy.
1) evil (); ~ good and evil;
2) () slander; ~ slander.
wine; ~ wine merchant; ~
wine-mill.
conditions; atmosphere.
syrop; sherbet.
honour; glory, exaltation; ~
consider smth. an honour (to); have the
honour (to); ~ honourable (); ~
honourary debt; ~ infamous; inglorious
( ).
neckerchief, scarf.
explanation; commentary; review (); ~ explain, comment; interprete ( ); ~ interpreter, commentator.
1. . the East; 2. . Eastern; ~ the
Far Fast; ~ eastern, oriental; ~
eastern frontier; ~ east end of the
town; ~ , ~ eastwards,
in the eastern direction; ~ Eastern
Europe.
orientalist; ~ oriental studies.
condition, article of an agreement; .
~ conditional clause;
~ lay down a condition; ~ conditional; ~ absolute; unconditional.
mutually agree to conditions.
flow with a splashing noise.
gurgling, splashing.
violence; severity; strength; ~ violent; severe.


become severe, get stronger.
1. . oral; ~ spoken language;
2. . orally.
complaint; ~ complain about;
~ complainant.
cripple, disabled; ~ disability.
box on the ear; slap in the face; ~ slap smb. in the face, give smb. a
box on the ear.
shilling.
the North; ~ Northern, North; ~
the North Pole; ~- north-west; ~ reindeer.
lightning.
lion.
juice; ~ fruit juice; ~
squeeze the juice out of fruit; ~ juicy,
sappy.
juicer, squeezer.
sweet; ~ pleasant talk; ~ fresh
water; ~ nice, attractive; ~ smoothtongued; ~ sweetness; amiability.
company; joint ownership; ~ oil
company.
tempting, alluring.
entice, allure, tempt.
sweets; ~ confectioner's
(shop).
I ( ) spit; skewer; ~
skewer, spit.
II () swelling; tumour; ~
swollen; guffed up.
III ( ) sharp, pointed; ~-
pointed nose.
1) () inflate; () blow
up; 2) exaggerate.
swollen.
() stout, plump.
1) () saltless; 2) not serious;
~ flat joke; ~ frivolous
man; ~ go too far.
accent, patois.
wardrobe ( ); cupboard ( ); ~ kitchen cabinet;
~ closet; built-in closet; ~
book-case.
hat.
chauffeur; driver; ~ taxi-man,
. cabman.

chocolate.
salty, salted; ~ salt water; ~ salt
fish; ~ pickled cucumber.
pickles.
soup.
highway.
department; section.
fame, reputation; ~ famous; notorious; ~ become famous.
bring fame, make famous.
become famous.
ambitious, vain; ~ vanity,
conceit; ambition.
. headquarters ( ); staff.
I state ().
II ( ) staff; ~ be on the staff; ~ non-staff.
. plug.
cheerful, lively.
.
plough.
council; ~ academic council;
~ council of war;
Security Council.
ray; beam.
irradiation; ~ radioactive emanation; ~ get irradiated.
slogan.
doubt; suspicion; ~ suspicious; ~
doubtless; beyond any doubts;
... No doubts...
suspect; have a doubt; doubt.
bravery, courage; ~
show courage; ~ brave.
1) glass; ~ lamp-chimney;
~ lens; ~ glass-works;
~ put in a glass; ~ glasscutter; 2) bottle; ~ a bottle of milk.
glassed gallery.
comprehension; intelligence; consciousness, mind; ~ deliberate; conscious; ~ consciously; ~
unconscious; thoughtless ();
~ irresponsible attitude.
dill.

111

Tt
: ~ stand, bear.
chalk.
under smb.'s command; subordinate;
dependent on; ~ subordinate; make
obedient; ~ submit (to); obey
(smb.); ~ subordination; ~
be smb.'s subordinate.
coffin.
crown; coronet; ~ coronation,
crowning.
Tajik.
merchant; ~ be a merchant.
arch; ~ Triumphal Arch; ~
arched.
grain; corn; ~
grow grain; ~ harvest; ~
harvesting-machine.
1) ottoman; coach; 2) throne (
.); ~ come to the throne; ~
dethrone.
1. . board, plank; wood; 2. . wooden;
~- timber; ~ chopping board;
~ bed-bug.
taxi; . cab; ~ taxi-driver,
taximan; . cabman.
strength; ~ become
exhausted; overwork; ~ weak, feeble
(); exhausted ().
bang; make a banging sound.
() knock (at, on); bang,
tap.
knock (); tapping.
glade, clearing.
sack (); rob.
robbery, plundering; ~ robber.
fate, fortune, destiny.
I 1) complete, full, absolute; ~
complete victory; ~
complete works; ~ full sovereignty, complete independence; ~ absolute stillness; ~
perfect security; 2) whole (); ~
whole number.
II () taste; ~ tasty; ~ tasteless;
~ taste.
112

avidity, cupidity (); greediness

(); ~ be tempted; ~ tempt, lead into temptation;
~ be tempted; feel temptation.
greedy (for), vorracious (),
avaricious.
complete, entire, absolute.
completely, utterly, entirely, quite;
~ quite right.
complete, finish.
be completed / finished.
. object.
show, performance; spectacle; ~ see (, ); watch ();
look; ~ spectator, onlooker; viewer (); ~ audience; ~
televiewers.
enjoying full rights;
~ equal member of the family.
|| know, be acquainted; recognize;
~ recognize a
country's sovereignty; ~ be known,
be famous.
famous, well-known.
1. . familiar, acquainted; 2. . acquaintance; ~ introduce (smb.); ~
be acquainted; make the acquaintance, get
to know; ~ ! Meet my sister. . Glad to
meet you.
acquaintance.
tank; ~ tankman, tank-soldier.
God.
pistol; . gun.
. trample
(down), trample smth. under foot.
finding; discovery ().
riddle; ~ guess a riddle.
1) find, discover ( );
2) () guess.
tramp, thud, stamp.
tramp, thud.
task; comission; ~ give a
task; comission; ~ homework.
charge (with); comission, entrust
(with).
balance; ~ keep balance;
~() lose balance.


1) date (); 2) history;
~ medieval history; ~ historical; ~
epoch-making decision; ~ historian.
field.
basin; wash-basin ( ); pan
( ).
Tatar.
. plague, black death.
frying-pan.
ceiling.
1) part of a pair; ~ shoe;
2) equal (); match (for); ~
. He has no equal; ~
. She is not good enough for you;
3) () bank; ~ on the other bank.
stack, rick; ~ haystack, hayrick;
~ strawrick.
() wide (open); ~ open
wide.
odd; ~ mix up.
1) kin, family (); 2) tribe;
~ nomad tribes.
typhoon.
one-eyed.
grayhound.
a theatre; ~ play-house; ~
opera-house; ~ puppet-show; ~ Music hall;
~ Musical Comedy Theatre; ~ Young People's Theatre.
technician; ~ technical.
1) engineering, technology;
~ advanced technology; 2) machinery (); 3) techniques; ~ operational techniques; ~ safety engineering, accident prevention.
technical secondary school;
~ buildingtrade secondary school.
1) fibre (); 2) hair (); 3) string
( ); 4) ~ . ties, relations; ~ friendly relations.
telephone, phone; ~ cll
smb. to the telephone; ~
answer the call / phone; ~
speak on the telephone / phone; ~
ring smb. up, telephone, call (up);
~- public telephone; ~
telephone exchange; ~
local call; /

~ long-distance call; ~ telephone-operator; ~ ? Are you on

the telephone? ~ . The telephone
is quite dead; ~ ?
Where can I make a call? ~
receiver; ~ lift the
receiver, pick up the receiver; ~
hang up; ~
Telephone Directory.
telegraph; ~ telegraphist.
telegram, wire; ~ ,
~ send a telegram / a wire.
television; TV; ~ telecasting; broadcast; ~ telecast; show on TV; ~ host; . compre; ~
watch telly / TV; ~
appear on a TV show.
television-set, TV-set.
temperature; ~ have a
temperature; ~ take a temperature.
tennis; lawn tennis; ~ table
tennis; ~ tennis-court; ~ play tennis.
therapist; ~ therapeutic.
therapy.
term; ~ terminology.
thermometre.
thermos, flask.
terror; ~ terrorism; ~ terrorist.
1. . quick, rapid, prompt; 2. . quickly,
rapidly, fast; ~ early in the
morning; ~-~ often.
inflammable.
thesis; (. theses).
quickness, rapidity, speed; ~ soon
(after), shortly (after).
fragile; brittle.
early, fast-riping.
medicine.
subject; ~ citizenship; ~
take out citizenship; become a citizen.
1) layer, section; stratum (.);
2) strt, level ();
~ all the strata of the society;
3) () sheet, leaf.
smile.
physician, doctor.
113


1) nature; ~ law of nature;
~ natural phenomena; 2) ( ) countryside; ~
alone with nature; out in the country, in the
open air; 3) character (); nature
(); ~ human nature;
~ naturally cheerful; of a kindly disposition; ~ by nature; naturally.
naturalist; ~ natural sciences.
1. . natural; ~ natural
resources; 2. . naturally; ~ ... it is
quite natural that...; naturally (that)...; of
course; ~ simplicity.
drum, kettledrum; ~ drum,
beat the drum; ~ drummer.
: ~ carry on propaganda (for);
propagand; popularize; give smth. (smb.)
publicity.
propaganda, publicity; ~ propagandist, agitator.
congratulation; greeting; ~
congratulate (on); ~
wish smb. many happy returns of the day;
~ wish smb. a Happy New
Year.
encroachment (on, upon); violence,
attempt; agression; ~ encroach,
commit violence; ~
attemt on smb.'s life.
agressor; ~ agressive person; ~ aggression.
embodiment, incarnation, personification; ~ be the personification of smth.
: ~ supply, provide; equip.
supply, provision; equipment ( a).
1. c. urgent, pressing; 2. . quickly,
urgently; ~ quickly; ~ urgent
matter; ~ pressing / rush order;
~ 1) first aid (); 2) ambulance (); ~ () call an ambulance.
: ~ isolate, separate.
1) experience; ~ progressive methods; ~ experienced; ~ inexperienced; ~ knowledge of life;
2) experiment, test, practice; ~
carry out an experiment; ~
pass a probation.
114

laying in supply; ~ store

up, lay in.
turnover.
1) measure, arrangement; precaution;
~ prompt action; ~ disciplinary measure; ~ take action; provide; take precaution; ~
take drastic measures.
|| investigation, research (of); ~
research work; ~ space
exploration; ~ researcher, explorer;
investigator; ~ investigate (smth.);
explore (smth.), study (smth.).
, gradually, little by little.
teaching, study; ~ vocational
training; ~ educational establishment; ~ teach.
astonishment; suprise, wonder,
amazement; ~ suprising, amazing,
astonishing.
, wonder,
be suprised (at), be astonished, be amazed
(at).
astonish, suprise, amaze.
regret (for); being sorry; ~ regretfully; ~ regret, be sorry (about);
~ . I am sorry.
impression; ~
impress, make an impression (on); ~
be under the impression
(of).
thinking, mentality.
details; ~ go into details.
1) inspection; 2) revision (); ~ inspection committee; ~ inspect; revise; audit (); ~ revisionist; ~ revisionism.
: ~ attach.
: ~ investigate, hold an inquiry;
~ investigation, examination;
~ court examination.
offence, insult; ~ insult,
offend, wound; ~ take offence,
feel insulted.
insulting, offensive; abusing.
investigation, analysis; ~
analyse; investigate.
danger, peril; ~ in danger; ~
out of danger, safe; ~
threat of war.


dangerous.
safe.
safety; security; ~()
national state security; - UN Security Council.
distortion; ~ distort, twist;
~ deliberate distortion
of fact.
education; ~ higher education;
~ primary education;
~ compulsory education; ~ be educated; ~ give an education, educate; ~ right to education.
: ~ hand (in, over); deliver;
~ take over; ~ turn
over one's duties (to).
delay; postponement; ~ put
off, postpone; () adjorn the gam.
urgent, pressing.
|| approximately, roughly; about
( ); ~ approximate.
diversion, sabotage; ~ saboteur,
wrecker.
single, lonely, alone; odd (); singular (); ~ live by himself,
lead a lonely life; ~
feel lonely; ~-~ seldom, rarely; ~-
seldom; ~- quite alone; ~-
occasional; . One
man, no man.
monotheism.
evolution.
push; shock (); jerk; stimulus; ~ stimulate.
: ~ fight face to face.
haughtiness, arogance; ~
haughty, lofty; ~ haughtily.
wheel.
insistence; ~ on his insistence; ~ on doctor's order;
~ insist (on); ~
get one's wa.
one-eyed.
isolate.
loneliness.
offer, suggestion, motion ();
proposal ( ); ~ peace
proposals; ~ move / propose
a motion; ~ support the

motion; ~ offer; propose;

~ propose a candidate.
improvement; ~
advanced courses, refresher courses;
~ advanced training institute.
perfect, improve.
1. . repetition; 2. c. repeated; ~ ,
~ repeat, revise (); ~-~ repeatedly, more than once.
denial; refutation; ~ refute;
~ publish a denial, deny
smth. in the press; ~ incontrovertible; irrefutable.
pension; ( ) scholarship / grant; ~ get a grant / scholarship; ~ grant a pension;
~ pensioner; grant-holder ().
: ~ 1) hand in, present;
~ produce / show a certificate;
2) ( ) present (smth. to); introduce (smb. to); ~ presentation.
approval; ~ approve (of).
approving; favourable; ~
favourable response.
estimable.
pursuit; persecution; ~ 1) pursue ( ); ~
pursue the enemy; 2) persecute, hound
( ); ~ persecutor.
imitation; mimicry (, );
~ imitate; ~ imitator; mimic.
|| approximately; ~ approximate.
fault, guilt; ~ through smb.'s
fault; ~ . He is
absolutely innocent.
accused; culprit.
accuse, blame; charge
(with).
guilty; . ~ ()
find guilty.
innocent, guiltless.
calendar.
anxiety, agitation, alarm; ~
be worried, feel anxiety; be nervous; ~
anxiously, nervously.
trap, snare; ~ set a trap; ~
fall into a trap; be caught in a
trap; ~ mouse-trap.
115


demand, request; ~
order of the court; ~ public demand; ~ urgent request; ~ at
smb.'s request; ~ technological standards; ~ satisfy
the demand; ~ put in claims;
~ meet the requirements; ~ demand, require, ask.
exacting, strict ().
want, need, necessity; ~ vital
requirements; ~ meet smb.'s
need.
student, undergraduate; ~ medical student;
~ law student; ~
college days; student's years.
: ~ be lost, perish; be killed
( ); ~ spoil; kill;
destroy.
() losses; waste; ~
suffer great losses.
pronunciation, articulation; ~
pronounce, articulate.
|| hurry, be in a hurry, hasten; ~
hasty (); in a hurry ( );
. Haste makes
waste.
jester.
teaching, training; ~ ()
train; ~ animal trainer.
instruction; ~ instructor.
: ~ reward (with), decorate
(with); confer; ~ confer an
order (on); ~ decoration ();
rewarding.
contact; touch; ~ associate
(with).
tendency, bias; ~ with
technical bias.
foundation, basis; ~ lay a
foundation; found; ~ founder.
claim; ~ lay claim, seek;
have an interest (in); ~ disinterested.
: ~ 1) ensure, secure;
~ ensure world peace; ~ achieve
safety on the roads; 2) provide ( );
~ provide smb.
with everything he needs.
116

guarantee; maintenance;
~ social maintenance; ~ material
security; ~ ensure; ~
guaranteed for two years; ~ guaranteed.
repairs, repairing; ~ repair;
fix; ~ repair-shop.
clean, pure, neat; honest ();
~ cleaned, refined (); ~ well-washed; ~ clear profit;
~ clean room.
cleanly.
cleaning; ~ dry cleaning.
clean (smth.), brush ( );
~ polish one's shoes; ~
refine oil.
cleanliness; honesty ( ).
frank, sincere.
self-control, restraint; ~ with
restraint; ~ discreet, restrained.
I fable.
II: ~ represent (, ); ~ representatives.
splendour, magnificence; ~
splendid, magnificent.
equal; ~ divide equally; ~
equality.
punishment; ~ punish.
tobacco.
1. . lazy; 2. . lazy person, idler, lazybones; ~-~ lazily.
become lazy.
laziness; idleness; ~ be
lazy.
reproach; ~ reproachfully; ~ ,
~ reproach.
1) breathing (); 2) ()
interval, break (); reces ();
~ respiratory organs; ~ respiratory deseases.
decline, decay, regress; ~ ,
~ fall into decay.
|| bother; bore;
. Everyone is sick of him;
~ be bored; .
I'm sick and tired.
solitary, lonely.
criticism; ~ criticize; ~ critical; ~ review; ~ find


faults; ~ be an object of
criticizm.
critic.
festival; celebrations; triumph (
).
ceremonial, grand; ~ grand
meeting; ~ official part; ~
solemn oath.
gauze; cheese-cloth ( ).
: ~ regulation; ~ regulate; control ( ); ~
traffic-controller.
1) hill, knoll; top; 2) crown ( ); ~ from top to
foot; ~ hilly.
kick; ~, ~ kick.
I sweat, perspiration; ~ by the
sweat of one's brow; by (with)one's sweat
and blood; ~ sweat; . work
hard; ~ sweaty.
II () fresh, new.
tune, melody.
freshness.
upbringing, breeding ( ); ~ educational; ~ ,
~ bring up; educate;
~ bring up smb. to love
his country.
tutor, educator; ( )
nursery-school teacher.
well-bred, good-mannered.
ill-bread, ill-mannered; badly
brought up; ~ behave badly /
impolitely.
- biography, life story.
translation; oral translation ();
~ translate, interpret (); ~
translator, interpreter ().
hesitation; ~ hesitate,
waver.
side, direction; part; ~ in the
direction of town; ~ towards me;
~ on all sides; ~ in that direction; ~- ~ look around;
~ ? Which way did he go?
~ be on smb.'s side;
~ one-sided.
supporter; ~ support; back
(up); ~ defenders of peace.

progress; ~ the progress of

science; ~ progress, advance;
~ progressive.
: ~ praise, sing; glorify.
greens, vegetables; ~ greengrocery; ~ greengrocer; ~ vegetable growing.
scales; balance; ~ precision
balance; ~ weigh.
1) definition (); 2) praise; ~
praiseworthy; deserving praise.
praise.
sect; ~ sectarian.
give up, stop; ~ give up
/ stop smoking.
: ~ leave, abandon, desert.
composition; structure; ~
soil composition;
~ be a member of the delegation; ~ component.
- ascetik; ~ ascetism.
disarmament; ~ disarm; ~
world disarmament conference.
sweat, perspire.
motion, movement.
1) move, stir, shake; 2) (
) set out, start.
motionless.
move, shake.
1) obstinate, stubborn; ~ obstinate / stubborn person; ~-~ look
askance; 2) wrong side ( );
seamy side.
obstinacy, stubbornness; ~ be
obstinate, persist.
1) inside out, wrong side out; 2) on
the contrary.
: ~ compose, compile (,
.); ~ make a plan,
draw up a plan; ~ make a list.
design (x ); decor
(); ~ designer; stage-designer.
: ~ demobilize; ~ be
demobilized.
way, manner; ~ in this way; in this
manner; ~ mode of life;
~ way of thinking.
117


coincidence, chance, event; ~ by
chance, by accident, accidentally; ~
happen to meet; ~ meet
by chance; ~ accidental, casual.
chance; ~ chance meeting.
establish, confirm.
confirmation, corroboration; affirmation; ~ confirm, corroborate, prove
the truth; ~ confirm an order.
comfort, consolation; ~ comfort, console; ~- consoling, comforting; ~ console (oneself); find
consolation (in).
economy (); farming
( ); ~ cost
accounting; self-finncing; ~ agriculture, farming; ~ forestry;
~ national economy.
business manager; ~ managing; housekeeping ().
1) notion, idea (); ~
have an idea (of); 2) imagination; ~
fancy, imagine; ~ ! Just fancy!
Only fancy!
effect, influence; ~ force, pressing; ~ sphere of influence; ~
be under the influence (of);
~ touch, move ( );
~ influence, have an influence
(on); produce an effect;
~ influence the course of
events.
get sad; get moved.
effective; ~ effective measures; ~ moving story.
founding (); ~
Constituent Assembly; ~ found
(smth.); set up (smth.).
comfort, consolation; ~
soothe; calm down; console; ~
console oneself, find consolation (in);
calm down.
|| surrender, capitulation; ~
surrender, yield.
classification; ~ classify.
description; picture ( );
~ depict, describe; portray; ~ report events; ~
fine arts.
118

initiative; ~ on the initiative

(of); ~ take the initiative;
~ show initiative.
initiator; ~ initiative.
gratitude, thankfulness; ~
receive an official message of thanks;
~ thank in an order of the day;
~ thank; express gratitude (for);
! Thanks! Thank you!
I'm grateful.
: ~ organize (); arrange
().
organization; ~ organizing committee; ~ problems of
organization;
United Nations Organization.
organizer; sponsor.
propaganda, agitation; ~ carry on propaganda (for); ~ election campaign; ~ propagandist, agitator.
anxiety; uneasiness; ~ feel
anxiety; ~ worry; ~ anxiously.
application, use; ~ apply, use;
put into practice (); ~ carry out plan.
applied; ~ applied arts.
trigger; ~() pull the trigger.
1) strike; ~ economic strike;
~ political strike; ~
sympathetic strike; ~ declare
a strike; ~ go on a strike; be on
strike; ~ supress the strike;
~ strike committee; ~ striker;
2) () vacation; holidays.
modest.
modesty; ~ be modest,
show modesty.
. attribute ( ); ~
determine; appoint (); () assign;
~ fix the day; ~ the
appointed time.
() appointment; ~ doctor's prescription; doctor's order; ~
be directed.
aircraft, aeroplane; airplane; plane;
~ fighter (aircraft); ~ bomber; ~ jet-plane; ~
pilot, flyer; ~-o space pilot;


~ aircraft industry; ~
flying school; ~ fly the
plane.
new, modern (); fresh (,
); ~ New Year; ~ newly
built; ~ all over again; anew; ~
newly.
just (now).
renew, refresh.
bow; ~ bow (to, before); greet
().
pressure, oppression (); ~
under pressure; ~ high blood
pressure; hypertension; ~ put pressure (upon); press (smth.); oppress (
).
plug, cork, stopper.
stop up, cork (); plug (with);
~ stop smb.'s mouth.
|| tick; ~ tap; knock.
ticking; tick-tack (); knocking.
track, caterpillar track; ~ catterpillar / crawler tractor.
tortoise, turtle ().
the science of medicine; ~ nurse;
~ medical college; ~ medical;
~ medical aid / service.
1. . commercial; trade; 2. . trade,
commerce (); ~ state trade;
~ trading relations; ~ trade agreement; ~ commercial network; ~ trading centre; ~ deal (in, with, at); trade (with);
buy and sell.
prickle (); thorn ();
splinter (); ~ get a splinter
(in).
prickly, thorny; . biting; ~
barbed wire.
piece, bit; ~ a lump of sugar;
~ a piece of bread; ~-~
break to pieces (); tear to pieces
().
building; construction; ~
building / construction materials; ~ building site.
sewing; needlework (); ~
sewing machine; ~ clothing;
~ clothes factory.

I
() embroidery, fine needle-work.
|| 1) sew (); ~ make a
dress; ~ have a suit made;
~ make boots; 2) build ().
splinter; ~ have
a splinter in one's finger.
fishing-rod; ~ cast the line; ~
swallow the bait.
crocodile.
corner; ~ on / at the corner; ~
turn the corner.
type, character; ~ typical.
circulation (, ); edition (); ~ large-circulation
newspaper.
trembling, shaking; tremulous.
shake, tremble, shiver; quiver (); ~ shake / tremble with
fear; ~ shiver with cold.
- fever.
trembling; shaking; tremor ().
satiated; full; ~ with full stomack;
~. He is full up; ~ contented,
free from greed.
beetle.
calm down.
weaver; ~ loom; ~
weaving.
seed; ~ sow.
|| weave; knit ().
1) touch; ~ touch upon
a subject; ~ offend; wound
smb.'s self-estem; . ~ wound,
hurt; ~ touch smb.'s sore
spot; 2) () strike, hit;
. The car hit the wall.
untouchable (); inviolable (); ~ inviolability;
~ immunity.
1) collision, crash;
~ train collision / crash; 2) ()
clash; conflict; ~ armed conflict /
clash.
collide (with); run into each
other; clash.
I ton ( ).
II tone ( ).
bonfire; ~ make a fire.
I ball; ~-~ play ball.
119

 II
II () gun, cannon; ~ shell;
~ fire (on); shell; ~ artilleryman, gunner.
III ream (), roll ().
pile; heap.
lame, cripple.
wholesale; ~ wholesale
price.
1) gather; put together;
~ assemble troops; ~ put oneself
together; collect (together); ~ pick
flowers; ~ screw up one's
courage; 2) . add.
gathering, meeting; assemblage.
. collective; ~ collective noun.
ankle; ~ falter; stumble
in one's speech.
net, screen (); wire-net; ~
fish-net;~ , ~ set / lay /
spread nets; ~ fall into a net;
~ web, cobweb.
skylark.
bag, sack.
brake; ~ , ~ brake,
apply the brake.
earth, land, soil, sand ();
~ motherland; ~ fertile soil;
~ virgin lands; ~ agrarian
reform; ~ plot of land.
soil scientist; ~ soil science.
cake.
toast; ~ propose smb's
health; raise one's glass to smb.'s health.
.
peacock, peafowl.
wedding; ~ wedding day; ~- feast; entertainment;~ celebrate one's wedding; .~ punish; . After death
doctor.
hen; ~ chicken (meat); ~
chicken chop; ~ hen-house; ~-
poultry; . ~ German measles.
dust; ~ washing powder; ~ dust; ~ raise the dust;
~ beat the dust out of smth.
. pollination.
pollinate.
get dusty.
120

dusty.
vacuum cleaner.
reprimand; ~ , ~
reproach (with); ~ give smb.
an official reprimand.
pour; . cast, mould ();
~ bother, bore; ~ shed tears;
~ sweat; ~ try to persuade; ~ shed
blood; ,
. As you sow, so will you reap.
: -~ mess, disorder;
-~ refuse of the society.
throw about, scatter around,
leave things all over the place.
origin, rise.
|| come (from); originate (),
spring (from); . propagate; multiply
(); be generated.
give birth to; ~ put obstacles (in); ~ cause illness.
confession, repentance; ~ repent
(of); renounce; promise not to do any more.
stable ( ); cattle-shed ( ).
recommendation; ~ recommend; advise.
be short of / be out of breath; puff
and pant; ~-~ breathlessly, out of
breath.
tractor; ~ tractor driver.
tram; . street-car; ~
take the tram; ~ go by tram.
. trauma, injury ();
~ shock; nervous breakdown; ~ be
injured.
traumatology.
traumatologist.
tribune, rostrum; platform; ~ mount the platform; () ~
the stands.
tribunal.
knitwear.
trolley-bus.
. thrombus, blood clot.
tropical; ~ tropical climate;
~ torrid zone.
storm, gale (); ~ snowstorm; ~ stormy; ~ a storm broke
out; ~ make a row.


throw, hurl, fling; throw away
().
jump; . ~ high
jump; ~ long jump.
jump down (); throw oneself, rush (to); ~ plunge into the water.
garbage; waste ().
1) seed; ~ sunflower
seeds; 2) () stone; ~ seedy;
~ stoneless; ~ () seedless raisin.
skirt (); pants, shorts ( ); drawers ( ); ~-
underwears.
stroke.
bud; ~ bud; be in buds.
bronze; ~ the Bronze Age;
~ bronzed.
tunnel.
francolin.
tourist; hiker.
tourism; hiking ().
raddish; ~ turnip.
sour; .
No one runs his own wares.
1) . acid; 2) pickles ().
turn sour.
: . ~ make a sour face.
aim (at), point (at), take aim (at).
mulberry; ~ mulberry-tree.
() dark, cloudy, dull; muddy,
not quite clear; () gloomy, dismal.
darken; grow gloomy.
1. . . fit, attack; ~ heart
attack; 2. . . infectious, contagious
().
1) hold, keep ();
~ hold on to smth.; 2) () catch, seize;
arrest; ~ fish; ~ hire a house;
~ be the first;
~ hold a high post; ~ occupy a city.
prrot.
capacity; ~ capacious.
collation, comparison, correlation; ~ compare, collate, correlate.
sponger, parasite; ~
live parasitically, parasitize.
gun, hand-gun; rifle; ~ fire,
fire a gun; ~ load a rifle / gun;

~ double-barrelled gun; ~
shooting gun.
hair (); feather (); down, fluff
(); ~ hung by a thread.
exhaust.
run low, run short ();
run out of; be exhausted; . I'm exhausted. .
We have run out of food.
inexhaustible.
hairy; shaggy, downy; fluffy.
fox.
. cunning; sham; ~ feign;
pretend.
1) dark, deep; ~ dark-red;
~ deep-blue; 2) strong; ~ strong
tea; ~ a hot-tempered.
become strong; become dark
().
spit; saliv.
. Better the foot slip than the
tongue trip.
spit.
Turk; Turkish (); ~ Turkey;
~ Turkish.
Turkman; ~ the Turkman language.
smoke; , .
There is no smoke without a fire.
smoke.
pipe.
tobacco; ~ tobacco-growing.

Uu
tip, point, end, top; ~ end of the
rpe; ~ point of the pencil;
~ tip of the tongue; ~-~ end to
end, point to point; ~- , ~ vast, endless; () ~ (sharp)pointed; ~ be on the
tip of one's tongue;
(. ) because of you, owing
to you; through your fault.
1) high (, ); tall (, ); lofty (); ~ tall; 2) high ();
121


~ aloud, loud(ly); ~ laugh
loudly, shout with laughter; ~ cry / weep noisily; ~ height.
mount, rise, be promoted; soar ().
1) cause to rise, raise; 2) () promote; 3) () praise excessively; ~ erect a monument.
remote, out of the way; ~ outskirts; ~ remote / outlying regions.
inexpensive; cheap; cheaply; ~
sell cheaply; ~ buy on the cheap; get
smth. cheap; ~ cheap labour
power.
become cheap, go down in
price.
reduce the price; cheapen.
low prices.
landslide; ~ snow-slip.
|| I () crumble, break down; ~
collapsed, ruined, destroyed.
II 1) fly; 2) evaporate (); 3) fall ().
() blain on the lips, vesicle;
herpes; ~ have vesicles break out
on the lips.
break down; fall to the ground;
collapse.
() cause to fly; let (the bird)
fly.
() undo, pull down.
precipice, abyss.
flight; ~ landing-place, aerodrome; ~ flying time.
gulp, swallow.
I () win a game, gain; ~ win in a lottery; ~ win
a battle; ~ beat smb.
II () swallow, gulp down.
prize.
lose; be defeated.
sigh, moan.
undergo; be subjected (to); ~ run / be exposed t danger; ~ be criticized.
for; ~
fight for freedom.
hum, drone.
success, good luck; ~ be a
success; ~ wish smb.
good luck; ! Good luck (to you).
122

lucky, successful.
unlucky.
failure, misfortune; ~() fail.
the Ukraine; ~ Ukrainian.
ass, donkey.
(the) howling; ~ howl.
howl together in packs (
.).
star; ~ the North Star; ~
Morning Star; ~ star-shaped;
~ shooting stars, falling stars; ~ five-pointed star; ~
be on good terms with; get on well with;
~ whose star is in the ascendant;
lucky; ~ starry sky.
great; ~ great grandfather; ~ our ancestors.
set one's hopes on; expect.
flour.
() many-sided; universal; ~ department store.
University.
unforgettable; memorable,
indelible ().
forgotten; neglected ().
forget.
tire up, annoy, bore; pester.
be bored / annoyed / pestered.
1. .1) master ( );
~ expert; ~ aster of
sport; 2) () foreman;
~ shoemaker; 2. . skilled, skilful, experienced.
teacher, master; maestro.
skill, mastery; ~ masterly, skilfully.
child (. children); baby ();
. kid; ~ () childhood; ~
childish, infantile; ~
behave like a child; ~ ()
give birth to a child, have a child.
shameful, shy, modest; ~ modesty, bashfulness.
shame, put to shame.
be ashamed, b shy / bashful, blush
with shame.
shameless, impudent; ~ impudence, shamelessness.
overture.


invented, make up (); fictitious, imaginary; ~ invent, make up; .
tell stories ( ).
fitting ( ); matching
( ); agreeable, appropriate;
proper ( ); harmonious (); ~ () 1) fit;
match; go well with; 2) correspond (to)
(); answer ();
~ meet the requirements;
~ be in keeping with the period;
~ in accordance (with); according
to; ~ correspondence, conformity.
co-ordinate, adapt, bring
to conformity (with), bring into line (with).
conform (); match
(); harmonize; go (with).
take an interest in; be carried away.
sleep; . be buried ().
match, go with; harmonize; () get on (with).
distant, remote, far off ( );
~ far, far away; ~ far off, at a distance;
~ from far off; ~() ( ) not more
than; not later than; ~ a distant
relative; ~ look at
something from a distance; . take no
part (in).
1) far-sighted, far-seeing; 2) ( ) long-sighted, far-sighted;
~ foresight.
1) move away (from);
remove; 2) . separate, part.
1) move away, keep away
(from); ~ wander from the subject; 2) retire ().
distance; ~() (long) distance; ~() () range.
1) () lie; 2) ()
stretch, extend; 3) ( ) last,
drag on; 4) () become longer;
5) () become taller.
1) extend to, stretch out (,
); 2) postpone ();
3) () prolong; 4) grow (, ); make longer; lengthen ();
~ help; offer a hand;
~ drawl; ! Speak up.
. Cut your coat
according to your cloth.

agreement; . ~
sequence of tenses; ~ agree.
long; lengthy; ~ length; ~
extremely long; ~ tall; ~
speak too much; ~- speak
incessantly; ~ last long, take long;
~ along; ~ along the street;
~ for years; ~ lengthwise.
talker, chatterer, chatterbox; ~
chatter, jabber; ~ talk too much,
talk without stopping.
long-legged.
long-eared; . ass ().
lasting, long-term ().
longish.

three; ~ one third; ~ (the) third.

triangle; ~ triangular.
threefold; ~ fold in three.
three-coloured.
for; on account of; in order to; for the
purpose of; ~ for this reason;
~ for him; for his sake;
~ because I was busy; ~? Why?
stink, stench; ~ putrid; stinking.
horizon; ~ horizontal; horizontally.
|| blow, puff; ~ blow
out.
razor.
high, lofty.
hope, expectation; ~ cherish; hope; ~ hope; ~ (
) trust, believe; ~ /
lose hope; ~ be disappointed.
hopeless; ~ hopelessness, despair;
~ give way to despair, lose
all hopes.
hopeful; ~ hope.
hopeful.
common, all; ~ world-wide;
~ world-wide fame; ~
World Peace Council; ~
world congress; ~ national,
public.
123


general, common, total; ~ general opinion; ~ common case; ~
total amount; ~ on the same
basis as everyone else.
generalize.
generally, in general; generally speaking; on the whole.
1) sociability; 2) intercourse;
~ personal contact; ~ means of
intercourse.
element.
address; ~ address (to).
heart; ~ open one's heart; ~ . ~- cheer up,
encourage; ~ dare, venture; ~()
hurt smb.'s feelings; ~() break smb.'s heart; ~() be / feel sick; ~() have a
heartache; ~() 1) be thirsty
(); 2) feel sorry (for) (
); ~() lose consciousness, faint; ~ heartache; ~
heart attack; ~ heart disease;
~ heart specialist; ~ from the
bottom of one's heart; heartily;
~ in all sincerity; ~()
. His heart is bleeding;
. My heart sank.
heartily; bravely; ~ speak
with confidence.
cheer up, encourage.
dare, venture; take heart; be
encouraged.
bold, brave, courageous; ~ stonyhearted; pitiless; ~ boldness, braveness;
courage.
faint-hearted; timid.
compassionate, soft-hearted.
manner, form; style.
1) () surface; top of a thing; 2) upper
(, ); ~ upstairs;
~ street clothes, outwear; ~
(, ) reveal, discover; () expose; ~ cover;
~ rush at smb.;
~ () deny; ~-
1) one on top of the other; 2) all together
(); ~ on the top; above; ~ on,
above, over; ~ from above, from the
124

top; . ~ add, plus; ~

addition; ~ five plus three.
-ba dress, attire; ~ cleanly dressed.
besides, in addition.
: ~ speak veiledly; beat
around the bush.
superior; ~ come out superior; be victorious; ~ consider superior; prefer; ~ superiority.
on, upon (, );
~ over the fence.
method; manner; way; ~ in this
way; by this method.
rising, rebellion, insurrection, revolt;
~ armed revolt / rising / insurrection; rising in arms.
. ~ rebellious.
feel cold; be cold.
iron; ~ iron; ~ ironed.
1) . mountain-ash, rowan-tree;
2) () ashberry, rowan.
grind.
1) face; 2) surface (); 3) the right side
(, ); ~ ()
cream; ~ skim the milk;
~ because of him;
~ through your fault; ~
say to somebody's face; ~ on
the surface (, ); ~
turn away from; ~ come to the
surface; appear; ~-~ face to face; ~-~
come face to face with, meet; ~
be happy / delighted;cheerful,
jolly; ~
everything is clean and tidy; ~
not to dare; not to have the face to; be
unable to refuse; be unable to face; ~ move towards; turn to, take a turn
towards; ~-~ it is difficult to
say such things to a person's face, it is
hard to refuse personally; ~ have
a recourse to; ~ cast something in a person's teeth; ~ ?
How have you the face to come? ~~ face
to face; opposite.
floating (, ); ~
lightship.
stirrup.


1) () on, upon; 2) over
(, ); ~ puzzle over smth.
() fin; flipper.
swimmer; ~ swimming.
feeble, frail, weak (); exhausted
(); ~ weakness; exhaustion.
|| meet face to face; be confronted
with one another; ~ bring face to
face; confront.
I (, ) swim; () sail,
go; float ( .); /
~ go down / up stream;
~ go boating.
II 1) () pick, pluck; 2) ()
break off; 3) /
/ ~ wring smb.'s (bird's) neck / head;
4) () flay, skin; 5) ( )
exhaust, wear out; ~
stop hoping, lose hope.
apology, excuse; ~ apologize,
beg pardon; ~ excuse me; I beg
your pardon; ~ valid (); ~
invalid, inadequate.
1) according; ~ work
according to a new method; ~ as
usual.
wasting, exhausting.
unfaithful.
with smiling face.
ring; ~() wedding-ring.
disgraceful, guilty.
downwards.
1) () be worn out; wear out;
2) be weakened ().
grapes; ~ vineyard.
vine-grower; ~ vine-growing.
anxiety, dejection; exhaustion.
compliant, obedient, easy to persuade.
1) member; ~ subscriber;
~ part of a sentence; ~
membership dues; 2) ( )
organ.
organic.
membership; ~ membership
card; ~ membership dues.

II

Vv
1) urgent, necessary; 2) important
().
valley.
station; ~ railway station.
oasis.
one, sole, unique, single; ~
standart production quota.
fear, fright, terror, dread; ~ be frightened; be terrified; ~
raise a panic; ~ panick stricken;
seized by fear.
time; ~ since, since that time;
~ when I was at
school; ~ in the past; at one time;
~ time is up; ~ once, once
upon a time; ~ always, every time;
~ never; ~? When? ~ then, that
right time; ~ in time; ~ at the wrong
time, untimely; ~ in the evening;
~ spare time, leisure; ~ lately,
recently; ~-~ in time, accurately.
. vakuum.
: ~ happen, take place.
carriage; passenger-car; railway
vagon; ( ) truck, van; ~
mail-van; ~ - dining-car;
~ sleeping car.
: ~ be charmed; ~ charm.
governer of a province.
father or mother; ~ parents.
By God! I swear it is so!
I 1) there is, () there are;
. There is a
new school in this village. 2) have; I have a book; ~ with
all possible force, with all his strength; ~ all that he has; ~- all that
I possess; ~, ? What's the
news? ~ , ... once upon
a time; ~ ! May you live long! Well
done, bravo! ~ ! Long may he live!
II: ~- riches, large property,
wealth; ~- live luxuriously.
125

-
-: ~ walk up and down; walk
to and fro; pace.
variant, version.
: ~ arrive.
() heir, () heiress; ~ inheritence; ~ inherit.
become rich.
well-to-do, wealthy.
1) () being; creature; 2) ()
existence; ~ with all one's
heart.
1) means; ~ by means of; ~
by every means; . ~ direct
speech; ~ indirect speech; 2) way,
method; ~ in this way;
~ mass media;
~ means of production, capital goods.
intermediary (); mediator (); ~ mediation; ~
act as a mediator.
! Alas! oh!
vase; ~ fruit bowl.
:~ care (for); take into consideration; ~ pay no attention;
~ I don't care; ~ good-fornothing; useless.
bucket, pail; ~ a bucketful / pailful of water.
bicycle, cycle; bike; ~ cyclist.
ventilator, fan.
I () gift; ~ gift of God;
talent.
II tax; ~ income tax; ~
impose taxes; ~ system of taxation.
comma; ~ semicolon.
transmission ( ); telecast
( ); broadcast, broadcasting.
give, deliver; hand ();
~ answer; ~ ask, put questions;
~ 1) ( ) promise; 2) ( ) give
the floor; ~ lend; ~ order;
~ swear an oath; ~ make room;
~ enable; ~ hand in an application;
~ shake hands; ~ () send
to school; ~ die; ~ taste; ~ smell;
~ encourage; ~ give smb. in marriage; ~ betray; ~ let smb. pass;
~ permit, allow;
he doesn't look a year
over twenty.
126

veto; ~ put a veto (upon) ;

~ the right of veto.
and; ~ etcetera; and so on; ~ ,
~ or.
cholera.
promise; ~ promise; ~
make promises to one another; ~
keep one's promise.
faithfulness, fidelity, loyalty.
faithful, devoted (); ~ be
true (to).
faithless, disloyal; ~ faithlessness,
disloyalty.
death; ~ sonra after his death;
~ die.
unity.
wild, savage, barbaric; ~ wildness,
savageness.
1) advocate; lawer; . attorney;
2) () barrister; ~ appoint
as one's representative / solicitor.
habbit; ~ be in the habbit
(of); get used (to).
sheet of paper; ~ look through
().
leaflet.
. 1. . tuberculosis; 2. . tuberculous, consumptive.
heir (); heiress ();
~ heir-at-law.
1) aid; ~ visual aids; 2) allocation ( ).
certificate; ~ indentity card.
will, testament, last request of a
dying person; ~ bequeath, make
one's will.
written will.
So that's all! So that's the end of
the matter!
motherland, native country; homeland;
Great Patriotic
War; ,
. East or West, home is best.
citizen; ~ citizenship; ~
civic right; ~
become a citizen of Azerbaijan; ~ deprive
of citizenship;
civil war.


patriot; ~ patriotism.
cress, gardencress.
1) ( ) duty; 2) ()
post, position; ~ hold a post; ~
officials, functionaries.
1) visier, minister; 2) queen ().
1) situation (); location
(); 2) position; ~ horizontal
position; ~ financial position;
3) condition, state; ~ bad condition
/ state; ~ hopeless state; 4) status;
~ marital status; ~ martial law;
~ state of emergency;
~ be at war (with).
1) weighing, weight; 2) () metre.
whistle ().
|| buzz, hum; ~ a buzzing /
whirling sound.
conscience; ~ pangs of conscience; ~ in accordance with one's conscience; ~ with clear conscience.
conscientious, honest.
dishonest; ~ lack of conscience,
dishonesty.
say good-bye, part; bid farewell.
province, region.
screw; ~ screw; ~
unscrew.
violoncello.
ruined; ~ ruin, destroy; ~ raze to the ground; ~ ruins.
. virus.
vitamin; ~ rich in vitamins.
shop-window.
visa; ~ grant a visa.
volley-ball; ~ volley-ball player.
volcano; ~ mud volcano; ~
volcanic eruption.
accent, stress; ~ stress; .
emphasize; ~ stressed; emphasized.
. multiplication; ~ multiplication sign; ~ multiplication-table.
1) strike; beat; kick (); stab
(); shoot ( ); 2) ()
bite (); 3). multiply (by); (
) knock down (); hit
(); ~ wink; ~ touch;
~ do harm; ~ sum up; -

~ pretend to be ill; ~ phone, call;

~ send a wire; 5-
The clock struck five;
. The rain is coming in (into the
room); . ~ cast something in somebody's teeth.
( ) fall in love with.
struggle, fight (for; against); ~
struggle, fight with one another; ~ battle, fight, struggle.
pride; ~ proudly; ~ proud.
range, scope; ~ assume wide/
great scope;
~ people's movement assumed
unprecedented scope.

Yy
or; ~ ... ~ ... either ... or ...
stranger, foreigner; alien ().
wild; ~ wild plants, field
plants.
I 1. . stranger; 2. . strange (, );
alien (, ); ~ in a foreign
land, away from home.
II memory; ~ remember; ~
call to memory; recall; ~ remember, bear in mind; -e
~ I often remember.
memory; remembrance.
keepsake, souvenir; memory.
oil (); fat (); ~, ~
butter; grease; ghee (); ~ put on fat; ~ . I
was prostrated with grief.
rain; ~ heavy rain; ~ rainy;
~ . It is raining heavily; it's
pouring. - . It
often rains in autumn. ~ out of the frying-pan into
the fire.
butter, oil; grease (, );
lubricate ().
fat, fatty (); ~ oil-paint; ~ smooth words.
127


: ~ snow; ~ hail;
~ rain.
collar; ~ get rid of;
~ not to let someone go; ~ ! Leave me in peace!
~ be caught / arrested;
~ escape.
collar, seize, catch.
shirt collar.
near, neighbouring; near at hand,
close; ~ recent time; ~
near future; ~ next (to), close by, near
here; in the neighbourhood; near at hand;
~, ~ 1) () in the near
future, soon; 2) () recently, not
long ago; ~ near relation; ~
close friend, intimate friend; ~ be closely acquainted with; ~ bring near, draw near.
nearness; proximity; ()
intimacy; ~ next (to), close by; in the
neighbourhood; near here; not far from.
come near, come up (to);
approach.
spread (); () ~ put lipstick on; . ~ blacken; slander.
1. . good, pretty; fine (); kind
(); ~? Guess
whom I met; ~ very good, all right;
( ) ! I like it. 2. .
well (, ).
1) improve; 2) get better;
3) recover from illness.
goodness, kindness; ~ do
good; ~ in a friendly way.
or.
ruby.
mane ().
lick; ~ . swallow one's words; ~ cover with
kisses.
lie, falsehood, false (, );
~ lie, tell lies; ~
show up someone's lies, give
the lie to someone; ~
catch someone out in his lie;
, . Lies have short legs.
1. . liar; 2. . deceitful.
128

bare, naked; ~ barefooted.

alone, lonely, solitary;
~ all by oneself; ~ solitude.
I .
II only (); just; ~ only
in this case; ~ just because of
this.
1) toady; lickspittle; yes-man; 2) fawning, cringing; ~ fawn, flatter; ~
flattery.
beg, implore, entreat, beseech.
slope, side of a hill.
patch; ~ patched.
patch.
1. . evil, harm; ~ do harm;
2.. bad, wicked; ~
separate the sheep from the goat; ~ a
bad day; a rainy day; ~
after a storm comes a calm.
side; flank; ~ aside; ~-~ side by side;
~, ~ everywhere; ~,
~ nowhere; ~ pass by;
~ my side, towards me; ~ at my
side, by me; . ~ () in comparison with; ~
~ from one side to the other; ~
look in every direction; ~
draw near, approach (); come alongside; ~ cast unfriendly looks;
~ keep apart.
fuel; () petrol, . gas;
~ () fill up; ~
filling station, petrol station;
. gas station.
sidelong.
cheek; ~() his
cheeks are ruddy with health.
inflammable; ~ volcano.
adjoining (); ~ sit
side by side, sit next (to).
approach; come up (to), go up (to).
1) burn (); scald (
); 2) () light, put on, switch on;
~ strike mtch; 3) scorch ( ).
fire, burning; ~ set on fire;
set smth. to fire; ~ put out
the fire.
fire-man; ~ fireengine; ~ fire-station.


burn; ~ sad, sorrowful.
make a mistake, go wrong; be
mistaken.
erroneous, wrong; ~ misunderstand.
burn; be on fire; . inflame with
love; ~ feel for smb.;
~ worry (about); ~ be
thirsty; . The light is on.
January.
stick on; glue.
glue.
stick, adhere; ~ hang
on to someone's coat;
~ show the greatest energy in a job.
Japanese; ~ Japan; ~ the
Japanese language.
lover, friend; sweet-heart ().
wound, sore, cut; ~ wounded; ~
open wound; ~
touch someone on his tender
spot; ~ put salt on a
wound, increase smb.'s pain by words.
creative, creating; ~ creative work.
wound (); injure (
); . hurt ().
be of use, be suitable; fit; be fit
(for); be suitable (for);
. These materials are not fit for
the job. . He is
good-for-nothing.
1) () scoundrel, good-fornothing; villian; 2) () naughty; ~
naughtiness, bad behaviour.
origin (); formation ().
arise (); be created.
useful (); fit (for) ().
unfit (); worthless.
bat.
pleasing appearance, loveliness.
pleasant-looking; lovely.
suit; become, harmonize, go well
with; match;
. Your gloves don't match your
coat. . It does not become
you; - .
They make a good match.
create; set up (); found
( o); ~ give hope (to).

III
help; assistance, aid; ~ medical aid; ~ help, assist, render aid.
subsidiary (); auxiliary
(i).
half; ~ halfway; ~
leave half-finished; ~ divide in
two; ~ half-starved; ~ halfdone, half-baked ().
split; cleft; crack; fissure.
half; ~ half an hour; bir saat
~ an hour and a half.
peninsula.
half-dead.
unfinished.
semi-final; ~ semifinals.
hemisphere.
race, competition, contest ();
~ race, compete.
satisfy.
unsatisfactory (); good-fornothing ().
cereals; ~ semolina; ~ buck-wheat.
cleave, chop; ~ break the
front; ~ operate (on);
~ anatomize a dead body; ev ~ a
house; . All
covet, all lose.
leaf (. leaves), vine-leaf; ~ stuffed vine-leaves.
mourning; ~ be in mourning;
~ in mourning.
jasmine.
flat and wide.
pillow, cushion; ~ pillow-case;
~() be married.
flatten.
, become flat and
wide.
I wet, damp ().
II age; ~ of my age;
~ ? How old are you? ~
. He is in his tenth year; ~
, . Age is no guarantee of
wisdom.
III: tear; ~ burst into
tears; ~ cry bitterly;
~ in tears; ~ eyes full
with tears.
129


live; be alive ( );
...! Long live ...!
become wet; water (, ); eyes full of tears
/ wet with tears; tears
came to his eyes.
life; way of living, existence.
of the same age.
green, verdant; ~ greenness, verdure, meadow; ~ very green.
plant trees and shrubs.
become / turn green, be coverd
with green grass / leaves.
aged; elderly; ~ a boy of
five; ~ grown-ups; ~ adam an elderly
man.
1) bed; ~ be in bed; ~ make up a bed; ~()
make the bed; ~ bed-room; ~
bed-linen; ~ confinement to bed;
2) . deposit; ~ oil deposit;
~() river-bed.
hostel.
. typhus (); ~ typhoid
fever.
1) put to bed (); put to sleep
( ); 2) ()
settle; 3) () put down.
1) sleep; go to sleep ( ); ~ sleep late; ~ be fast
asleep; 2) fall down (); 3) be ill (
); 4) () be in prison;
~ like.
plain, dry (food); lean ().
slow; soft (); ~! gently! don't be in
a hurry; ~ talk in a low voice;
~-~ little by little, slowly; ~-~; ~ quietly, gently, softly.
slow down ().
I bow (); ~ springs of a
carriage.
II ( ) summer; ~ in summer.
spread (, ); be disseminated ().
divert ( );
distract (from) ().
avoid, evade; ~ escape
punisment.
summer pasture in the mountains.
130

volley, drumfire ();

salute ().
spread, scatter (); disseminate; distribute ( ); popularize ().
spring; ~ . One
swallow does not make a summer.
writing, calligraphy (); manuscript ( ); inscription (
); . ~ fate, destiny; ~ typewriter; ~ writing-table,
desk; ~ board.
writer.
poor thing; ~() take pity on.
written; ~ method of writing, spelling.
correspond.
write, inscribe ( ); register ( ); ~
type; ~ record.
seven; ~ (the) seventh.
feed.
the only.
of one heart and mind; unanimous;
~ unanimously.
big, large; ~ . blockhead.
big-bellied; . gluttonous
().
monotonous.
: ~ raze to the grounds.
sum, total; ~ sum up; ~ final concert.
1) wind; 2) . flatulence ();
rheumatism (); ~
scatter to the winds, destroy; ~
windmill.
1. . light-head; 2. . light-headed,
thoughtless.
sail; ~ hoist sails; ~ lower sails; ~ sailing-ship.
1) dandle (), rock (),
blow about, sway ();
the banners were
streaming in the wind; 2) shake (, );
3) () fan; ~ fan oneself.
. fan; ~ fan.
food, ration of food, fodder (-
); ~ fodder crop; ~
forage-reserve; ~ , ~ feed,
give fodder.


1. . 1) food ( ); meal;
~ . We have
meals three times a day; ?
Have you anything to eat? 2) dish ();
2. . eat, have; ~ have
breakfast; ~ have a meal; ~
dining-room.
eatable (), edible (,
).
melon.
again, once more.
new; modern (); ~ news.
just, just now, recently ( ).
() anew, afresh; ()
again, once again, once more.
recnstruction (),
reorganization ().
|| be renewed; ~ renew.
1) innovation (); novelty ( , ); 2)
news (); discovery ().
juvenile, adolescent; teenger
(13 19- ).
1) earth; the Earth ( ); 2) ground
(); ~ sit on the ground;
3) land; ~ plough land; 4) place,
room ( ); . ~
gain the first place; be the first; 5) seat
(); ~ if I
were in your place; ~ in its place,
suitable to the point, well put, correct, right;
~ replace someone;
~ carry out ();
~ be disregarded; ~
. sink into the earth for shame; ~
! May he perish! ~
. Walls have ears; ~ in vain, uselessly; , ~. If he does this he
will be quite right; ~
. Do not take me for a fool;
~ . He is esteemed and respected; ~ the Earth's crust.
underground; ~ earthquake
shock; ~ subsoil waters.
: ~ put in order, regulate.
walk, move.
instead (of); ~ instead of him;
~ instead of going there.

walk, gait; ~ with graceful walk

/ gait.
1) place, put in (
); 2) quarter ().
1) be situated, be located;
p? Where is it situated?
2) get in, go in ( ); 3) settle
( ).
local; ~ local time; ~ natives;
( ) fellow-townsman, fellow-countryman; ~- in its proper
place.
1) homeless; 2) tactless, irrelevant;
out of place.
() case, box; () drawer.
orphan.
1) deliver (); 2) ()
be in time (for); ~ fulfil, carry out;
~ pay attention.
1) () grow, cultivate;
2) bring up ().
1) be ripe; ripen; 2) reach ();
~ achieve aim.
ripe ().
ripe, mature; ~ mature age.
1) reach, get to place (); 2) be
enough, suffice ( ).
seventy; ~ (the) seventieth; ~
the seventies.
be effaced; wear out ().
quick, fast, rapid, swift; ~-~ quickly,
fastly, rapidly, swiftly.
1) food, foodstaff; ~ food
industry; 2) embezzlement.
brother-in-law.
saddle; ~ saddle a horse.
Jew; Jewish.
for certain, certainly; ~ make
sure; ~ ... perhaps, probably.
certainty.
that is to say; i.e.; namely.
heaped, piled up.
gather, assemble.
() harvest, picking.
heap; pile.
( ) tidy up;
~ do the house; ~ make the bed;
~ clear away.
gather, crowd together.
131


: ~ national team.
1) collect (); save up ();
2) (, ) pick, gather; ()
harvest; 3) () pile up; accumulate.
fall.
1) () knock down; 2) ()
destroy, pull down; 3) overthrow (,
); . ~ bring ruin to a
home, sow domestic discord; ~ throw / shift the blame on to smb.
rock (), dandle ();
shake ().
: ~ beast; ~ bird of prey.
be torn; be worn out ().
tear, wear out; ~ shout
at the top of one's voice.
master (); acquire ().
: . ~ genitive case; ~
possessive pronoun.
iodine; ~ paint with iodine.
thick (); fat (); ~ barsaq
large intestine.
knead, mix.
no, not; , ~. He is absent
from the lesson; , ~. He is
out; ~. I have no father;
~. He has no house; ~ I
was not at home; ~ be annihilated,
cease to exist; disappear ( );
~ annihilate; , ~? What's
the news?
inspection, checking; check up;
control; ~ test; ~ stand the
test; ~ go through checking.
1) check, verify; 2) examine;
inspect; 3) () test.
1) absence; lack;
for lack of money; 2) ( )
non-existence.
otherwise; or; or else; ,
? You or your sister? ,
. Hurry up! Otherwise we'll be
late.
poor; ~ poorly-dressed;
~ live poorly; ~ the poor; ~
poverty.
rise, slope, ascent; ~ sloping upwards.
1) road, way; 2) way, means ();
3) manner, method; ~ start; set
132

forth on a journey; ~ persuade; bring someone round to the right

view; ~ 1) () see someone off; 2) () send; post, mail
( ); ~ be kept back; be
detained; ~ all goes well;
~ find a way of doing
something; ~ 1) mislead, pervet; 2) go off the rails (
.); ~ if you go that way;
~ stop someone, stand in
smb.'s way ( ); ~ give
passage, make way; ~ ()
get on with; . He
gets on with everybody.
. He is hard to live with;
~ fellow-traveller; ~ travelling expenses; journey-money; ~
() fare.
() beggar; ~ go begging.
comrade, friend; ~ fellow-traveller; ~ fellow-worker, collegue; ()
husband; () wife.
send; dispatch; ( ) post, mail.
set off.
pluck (, ); tear out
().
infect; contaminate.
be infected (with); catch.
infectious, contagious.
cut, hew (); sharpen ().
blanket; quilt; ~- bedclothes,
bedding; . ~- fall ill;
~- recover; ~
blanket-cover, quilt-cover;
~ . Cut your coat according
to your cloth.
weary, tired; ~- dead tired.
weariness, fatigue; ~()
rest from one's fatigue.
tire, exhaust ( ); bore
( ).
tiresome; boring ().
o tirelessly.
o get tired / exhausted; be bored
( ).
tireless.
make one's way (to).


direct (); aim ();
turn ( ).
delay, detain, hold up.
be delayed, be held up.
! Don't be long.
jubilee.
1. . top; ~ upper floor, top
floor; ~ upper layers; ~
higher body, higher authorities; ~
() Upper Chamber; 2. . up,
upwards; ~ look up; ~
() go upstairs; ~ above; overhead; ~ from above; ~ upwards; ~
above mentioned.
1) sleep; ~ in one's sleep; ~ fall asleep; ~ wake up;
~ wake; awaken; ~
sleeping draught; ~ I am sleepy; ~
my sleepiness passed off; ~
have a good night's rest; sleep
well; 2) dream (); ~ dream,
have a dream; ~ dream (about);
~ . I haven't
slept a wink all night.
fall asleep, go to sleep.
half asleep; sleepy.
sleepless; ~ sleeplessness,
insomnia.
oats.
I wash; washing-machine; dishwasher.
II ball ().
shut, close; ,
~ say bitter things without reflection;
~ shut the eyes;
~ pretend not to see; shut the eyes (to).
humour; ~ sense of humour.
humourist; ~ humourous.
round; ~ quite round.
fist; blow with the fist; ~
hit with the fist; punch; ~
clench the fist.
egg; ~ the white of an egg;
~ the yolk of an egg.
lay eggs.
soft; mild; ~ too kind to refuse;
~ soft-hearted; ~ softness; mildness.

soften, become soft; grow

milder (); relent ().
make softer, soften; mollify
().
1. . wool; 2. . woolen; ~ shear.
Greek; ~ Greece; ~ the Greek
language; Greek.
UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization).
1) native land; 2) land; ~ land of
flames; ~ settle ( p); ~ homeless, vagabond.
1) nest; home; ~ build a nest;
nest; 2) den ().
round.
roll down.
wash oneself; have a bath.
1) load, burden; 2) () heavy
task, responsibility; ~ vagon;
~ goods train; ~ lorry, .
truck; ~ cargo ship; ~
become rich; have enough of smth.; ~
decline responsibility.
entrain (), ship (),
load.
high; loud (); ~ highly
skilled; ~ of high quality;
~ highly-paid.
height; elevation; ...~ at a height
of ...; () at the altitude of ...;
~ enthusiasm.
upswing, rise; development ().
mount; rise; become high; be
promoted () .
cause to rise; raise; ()
promote.
1) light (); 2) easy ();
~, small in bulk
but valuable.
make easier; lessen
(); ease ().
1) lightness, easiness; 2) relief; ~
feel relief; ~
have a sigh of relief.
march.
run.
hundred; one hundred; ~ hundreds
of; ~ (the) hundredth.
133

Zz
officer; ~ reserve officer; ~ comissioned rank.
strictness; influence; authority; ~
strict, austere ().
outward, external; outside, exterior;
~ outwardly; to outward appearance; ~
external, outward; ~ appearance;
~ superficial resemblance.
hall; drawing-room ();
~ waiting-room; ~ gymnasium; gym.
1. . tyranical; cruel; 2. . tyrant; cruel
man; ~ cruelty; oppression; tyrany;
~ be cruel (to).
1) time; period; ~ at the same
time; ~ then, at that time; ~ since
then; ~ never; ~ always; ~-~ now
and then; 2) . tense.
who stands surety; ~ be guarantee, make oneself responsible for; ~
bail out; ~
guarantor; ~ set free on bail.
lily, tulip.
joke; ~ joke; have fun; kid;
~ jokingly; ~ seriously; ~
I'm serious; ~ joking apart;
~ it's no fun.
() wag.
. moan, groan.
moan, groan.
unlucky; miserable; ~! poor chap!
poor thing.
plant, works; ~ motor
plants; ~ machinebuilding plant; ~ oil refinery.
memory, mind; ~ clever, bright; capable; ~ dull, slow-witted.
mental; ~ brainwork.
olive; ~ olive-oil.
occupation, seizure; ~ occupy,
seize.
injury, damage; ~ be injured
(), be damaged; ~ injured, damaged.
damage by striking; injure.
1. . triumph; victory; ~ gain a
victory; 2. . victorious (), triumphant;
triumphal (); ~ Triumphal Arch.
134

saffron.
poison; venom (); ~ poison; ~ take poison.
poisonous, venomous; poisoned;
toxic (); ~ toxics.
: ~ bore; bother; pester; ~
hate, have a strong aversion (to);
. Everyone
is sick of him.
1. . bore; 2. . tiresome; boring;
weary.
1) toil, labour (); 2) ()
pains; ~ trouble, bother, give
trouble (to); ~ take trouble, be at
pains; ~ take trouble
in vain; ~ toiler, labourer;~
wages (); salary;
if it won't be much trouble for
you; Will you be so kind as ...
! Don't bother.
worker, toiler; ~ the
working people.
() troublesome, painstaking.
hard-working, industrious.
() painless; easy, light.
weak; thin.
become feeble, become thin.
weakness; feebleness.
quickness of mind; intelligence; perspicacity; wit, intellect; ~ a man of
great intellect.
intelligent, clever.
earthquake.
leech; ~ apply a leech.
the present time; age; ~
the children of to-day;~ according to the time; in the spirit of the age;
~ of our time.
guarantee, bail (); ~
guarantee, certify.
basket.
ginger.
Negro.
chain.
chain.
chained.
bell; ~ doorbell; ~ telephone call; ~ () ring up,
call up; phone; make a call;
. Give me a call.


rich, wealthy; ~ reachness, wealth.
opinion; surmise; supposition, conjecture; ~, ~ to my mind;
~ think, suppose; ,
... I suppose ...; ... It is supposed that ...
I 1) ( ) gilding, gilt; 2) ()
gold; . Pearls
are ill-valued by hungry swine.
II dice ( ); ~ throw
dice.
1) blow; stroke; kick (); punch
(); stab (); . kick;
~ strike a blow; ~ a
stab in the back ; ~ with one stroke;
~ in danger.
damage, injury; loss; harm; ~
cause harm / loss; ~ suffer harm;
~ sell at a loss; ~ ! it
doesn't matter! never mind; ~ harmful;
~ harmless; safe, innocuous ().
I envelope, cover.
II . adverb.
adverbial modifier; ~
adverbial clause; ~ the adverbial
modifier of time.
1) elegant; 2) tender; fine, delicate;
~ elegance; delicacy ().
jeweller; ~ jeweller's; ~
jewelry.
particle, grain; ~ not in the least.
necessity, need.
necessary.
snivel.
sweepings, dust garbage; dirt; litter,
rubbish; ~ , ~ dust-bin, litterbasket, litter container; ~ (
) rubbish chute; ~ litter,
pollute; ~ littery, polluted.
1. . contrary (to), contradicting; ~
contradicting, opposing; ~ unlawful, illegal; 2. . against, contrary (to);
~ act against; contradict,
oppose; ~ against, contrary to.
contradiction, contrast.
() stare (at).
dungeon; jail; ~ throw into
prison / dungeon.
ornament, decoration; adornment; ~
ornamented; embelished.

whine.
whine, whimper.
1) quick, swift; 2) agile, adroit, nimble;
~ 1) quickness; 2) promptness, swiftness; 3) agility.
summit; peak; ~ summit
meeting.
clothes-line.
feast, banquet; dinner-party; ~ give a feast.
intellectual, educated man.
loss; damage; ~ suffer loss /
damage; suffer prejudice; ~ pay
damages; ~ no matter, never mind;
.. ~ pests.
visit; pilgrimage; ~ pay a visit;
perform a pilgrimage; ~, combine a visit with business.
cornelian cherry; ~ cornelian
cherry-tree.
stripe; ~ striped.
zoo, zoological garden.
1) force, vigour; violence; 2) difficulty;
~ by force; with difficulty; ~-
by great efforts, after great trouble; ~ use force; ~ using force.
violence.
veneral; ~ veneral disease.
cold (in the head); ~ have a
cold (in the head).
1) sense of taste, flavour; appreciation
(of a thing); 2) enjoyment; pleasure; ~ enjoy oneself; ammuse oneself; ~
have taste (for); ~ give
pleasure, delight; ~ according
to one's taste; ~ tastefully;
~ take pleasure in.
having taste; ~ a man of
taste.
tasteless; ugly; in bad taste; ~
bad taste.
wrong; oppression; cruelty; tyranny; ~
do wrong to; treat unjustly / cruelly;
~ by force, forcibly; ~
live under tyranny; ~ suffer.
oppressive; tyranical; cruel.
darkness; dark.
emerald; ~ emerald green;
~ Pheonix.
giraffe.
135


a






W






,

,






,



,










,
Bb







136

()










-

Cc

,



,









,
,


,

- -,

w
137











-


()
,

w, w

-



,






138

-
w


,


- w

,





w

--












-

--

-
- .
w










- -





,

()


139


-
,

W

-

Ww

W

140

,
,

Aa
[e9]

Bb
[bi:]

Cc
[si:]

Dd
[di:]

Ee
[i:]

Ff
[ef]

Gg
[d=i:]

Hh
[e9t3]

Ii
[a9]

Jj
[d=e9]

Kk
[ke9]

Ll
[el]

Mm
[em]

Nn
[en]

Oo
[ou]

Pp
[pi:]

Qq
[kju:]

Rr
[a:]

Ss
[es]

Tt
[ti:]

Uu
[ju:]

Vv
[vi:]

Ww
[`d0blju:]

Xx
[eks]

Yy
[wa9]

Zz
[zed]

accelerator

Aa
a [e9] . 1) - ; 2) .
aback [7`b5k]: be taken ~ , .
abandon [7`b5nd7n] 1) ; 2)
; ( ); ~ed , ;
c. , .
abase [7`be9s] ; ~ment .
abash [7`b53] , .
abate [7`be9t] 1) ; 2)
(); 3) (,
.); 4) . ; ~ment ,
.
abbot [`5b7t] , .
abbreviate [7`br9:v9e9t] ,
.
abbreviation [7br9:v9`e93n] , .
ABC [`e9`bi:`si:] 1) ; ~ book
; 2) ; the ~ of chemistry .
abhor [7b`h6:] ; ~rence .
abide [7`ba9d] (abode; abode) 1)
; 2) .
ability [7`b9l9t9] , .
able [`e9bl] , ; be ~ to
( ), .
abnormal [5b`n6:m7l] .
aboard [7`b6:d] , ; all ~ !
! go ~ a ship .
abode [7`boud] , .
abolish [7`b6l93] 1) ; ; 2) ( .).
abolition [5b7`l93n] ,
(, .).
abominable [7`b6m9n7bl] , .
abound [7`baund] .
about [7`baut] 1. adv 1) -; 2) ; 2. prep ; - ;
be ~ to +inf /
; 3) , . The lecture
lasted ~ two hours.
2 . He went ~ four. ,
4 . I had no money ~ me.
.
above [7`b0v] 1) ; ; 2) ; ~ all .

abridge [7`br9d=] 1) ; 2) ; ~ment 1) , ;

2) .
abroad [7`br6:d] 1) , ;
2) / ; be all ~ ; ; - .
abrogate [`5brou`geit] ();
().
abrupt [7`br0pt] 1) , ;
2) ; 3) ; ~ion ,
.
abscess [`5bs9s] . , .
absence [`5bsens] 1) ; ;
2) ; ~ of mind ,
.
absent [`5bs7nt] ; be ~
.
absent-minded [`5bs7nt-`ma9nd9d] :
; .
absolute [`5bs7lu:t] 1) ; 2) , ;
3) ; -.
absolutely [`5bs7lu:tl9] 1) ; 2) .
absorb [7b`s6:b] 1) , ; 2) , .
abstain [7b`ste9n] 1) ; 2) , ; ~ from force
.
abstract [`5bstr5kt] 1. a ; 2. n
, ; 3. v [5b`str5kt]
1) , (-);
2) .
absurd [7b`s7:d] , , ;
~ity [-9t9] ; .
abundance [7`b0nd7ns] , .
abundant [7`b0nd7nt] , .
abuse [7`bju:z] 1. v 1) - ;
2) , e; ~ powers - e; 2. n [7`bju:s]
1) -; 2) , .
academic [5k7`dem9k] a ,
.
academician [7k5de`m93n] n
( ).
Academy [7`k5dem9] .
accelerate [5k`sel7re9t] ,
.
accelerator [5k`sel7re9t7]
.
143

accent
accent [`5ks7nt] 1) ; 2) , ,
.
accept [7k`sept] 1) ;
; ; ~able ,
; ~ance 1) , 2) .
access [`5kses] , , ; ~ible
[5k`ses7bl] 1) ; 2) ,
; ; 3) .
accident [`5ks9dent] 1) ,
; 2) ; by ~ ; ~al
[5ks9`dent7l] .
accommodation [7k6m7`de93n] 1)
; 2) . , .
accompany [7`k0mp7n9] .
accomplice [7`k6mpl9s] /.
accord [7`k6:d] 1. n ; ; 2. v
; ; ~ance ; in ~ance with /; ~ing to - .
account [7`kaunt] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
3) ; on no ~ , ; on ~ of
; 2. v : ~ for 1) , 2) , 3) .
accountant [7`kaunt7nt] .
accumulat||e [7`kju:mjule9t] , ; ~ion ; ~or .
accurate [`5kjur9t] , .
accusation [5kju`ze937n] ; .
accuse [7`kju:z] ,
.
accustom [7`k0st7m] ; be ~ed
to .
acetate [`5s9t9t] 1. n ; 2. a (-,-).
ache [e9k] 1. n ; 2. v a; tooth~
; head~ .
achieve [7`t3i:v] , ;
~ ment .
acid [`5s9d] 1. a ; 2. n .
acknowledge [7k`n6l9d=] 1) ,
; 2) ; ~ment ;
.
acorn [`e9k6:n] . .
acquaint [7`kwe9nt] ; ;
~ance ; be ~ed with ; .
acquire [7`kwa97] , .
acquit [7`kw9t] .
acre [`e9k7] (0,46 ).
144

admiral
across [7`kr6s] 1) , ; 2) , ; come ~ , ; .
act [5kt] 1. n 1) , , ;
2) ( );
2. v 1) , ; 2)
().
acting [`5kt92] 1. a
; 2. n ().
action [`5k3n] 1) ; ; 2) .
, ; 3) .
active [`5kt9v] , ; ~ voice .
.
activity [7k`t9v9t9] , .
actor [`5kt7] .
actress [`5ktr9s] , .
actual [`5ktju7l] 1) , ; 2) .
acute [7`kju:t] 1) ; 2) ();
~ satisfaction .
A.D., Anno Domini [`5nou`d6m9na9]
, .
adapt [7`d5pt] 1) ; 2) ; ~ation 1) , ;
2) ; (
, ).
add [5d] ; . .
addition 1) ; 2) . ; ~al
.
address [7`dres] 1. v 1) ;
2) ; 2. n
1) ; 2) , .
adequa||cy [`5d9kw7s9] ; ; ~te ; .
adherent [7d`h97r7nt] ; .
adjacent [7`d=e9s7nt] , , .
adjective [`5d=9kt9v] . .
adjourn [7`d=7:n] 1) ();
2) ; .
adjust [7`d=0st] 1) ();
2) , .
administ||er [7d`m9n9st7] 1) ,
; 2) ; ~rator
; .
administration [7dm9n9s`tre93n] 1)
; 2) , ; 3) ; US Administration .
admirable [`5dm7r7bl] ,
.
admiral [`5dm7r7l] .

admiralty
admiralty [`5dm7r7lt9]
().
admiration [5dm7`re93n] , .
admire [7d`ma97] ,
.
admission [7d`m93n] 1) ; no ~
; 2) , ;
.
admit [7d`m9t] 1) ;
; 2) ; ~ting that this
is the case , .
adolesent [5dou`lesnt] 1. a , aa ; 2. n , .
adopt [7`d6pt] 1) ;
2) , ; ~ion ; .
adore [7`d6:] ; ;
.
adorn [7`d6:n] .
adult [`5d0lt] , .
advance [7d`va:ns] 1. v ;
; 2. n 1) , ; 2) ,
, .
advantage [7d`va:nt9d=] 1) , ;
2) ; take ~ of ,
.
adventure [7d`vent37] , .
adventurer [7d`vent37r7] 1) ;
2) .
adventurous [7d`vent37r7s] 1) ; 2) , ; 3) ,
.
adverb [`5dv7:b] . .
adversary [`5dv7:s7r9] , ;
.
adversity [7d`v7:s9t9] , , .
advertisment [7d`v7:t9sm7nt] , .
advice [7d`va9s] .
advise [7d`va9z] 1) ; 2) , .
advocate [`5dv7ke9t] 1. v ,
; 2. n [`5dv7k9t] ;
.
aerial [`87r97l] 1. a (-, -); 2. n .
aerodrome [`87r7droum] ,
.
aeronautics [`87r7`n6:t9ks] .

agile
aeroplane [`87r7ple9n] .
affair [7`f87] , ; .
affect [7`fekt] 1) ; 2) ;
3) , ().
affectation [5fek`te93n] , , , .
affection [7`fek3n] , ; ~ate
; , .
affirm [7`f7:m] ; .
afford [7`f6:d] 1) ;
2) ; I can't ~ a car.
.
affront [7`fr0nt] 1. n ; 2. v
.
Afghan [`5fg5n] 1. a ( ); 2. n
.
afoot [7`fut] , .
afore [7`f6:] : ~ said .
afraid [7`fre9d]: be ~ of .
afresh [7`fre3] , .
African [`5fr9k7n] 1. n ; 2. a
(-, -).
after [`a:ft7] prep, conj 1) , ;
(); ~ dinner ;
2) ; ; ~ the latest fashion
; She takes ~ her mother.
; ~ all ; day
~ day .
afternoon [`a:ft7`nu:n] ,
; Good ~ ! !
!
afterwards [`a:ft7w7dz] , .
again [7`ge9n] , , ; now
and ~ , .
against [7`ge9nst] , .
agate [`5g7t] ( ).
age [e9d=] 1. n 1) ; 2) , ; under~
- ; for ~s ;
2. v , .
aged [`e9d=9d] , .
agency [`e9d=7ns9] ; .
agenda [7`d=end7] ( .).
agent [`e9d=7nt] 1) ; 2) , .
aggravate [`5gr7ve9t] 1) , ; 2) . () .
aggression [7`gre3n] , .
agile [`5d=a9l] , .
145

agitate
agitate I [`5d=9te9t] 1) ;
; 2) .
agitate II [`5d=9te9t] .
agitator [`5d=9te9t7] .
ago [7`gou] , ; long ~ ; not
long ~ .
agony [`5g7n9] 1) , ;
2) , .
agree [7`gr9:] 1) ,
; ; ~ with a;
2) ; ~ment ; .
agriculture [`5gr9k0lt37] .
ahead [7`hed] , ; .
aid [e9d] 1. n ; ; 2. v
.
aim [e9m] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v
1) ; 2) .
air I [87] 1. n, a ; in the open ~
a; 2. v 1) a ; 2)
.
air II [87] ; ; He had an ~ of
importance. ,
. He spoke with an ~ of
importance. , .
aircraft [`87kra:ft] .
airfield [`87f9:ld] .
airforce [`87f6:s] .
airmail [`87me9l] .
airplane [`87ple9n] .
airport [`87p6:t] .
air raid [`87re9d] .
airship [`8739p] , .
jar [7`d=a:] , .
akin [7`k9n] , ; .
alarm [7`la:m] 1. n 1) ,
; 2) , ; ~ clock
; 2. v 1) ; 2) , .
alas [7`la:s] , .
Albania [5l`be9nj7] ; ~ n .
album [`5lb7m] .
alcohol [`5lk7h6l] , ; ~ic 1. n
, ; 2. a .
ale [e9l] ( ).
alert [7`l7:t] 1) , ; be on the ~
; 2) , .
algebra [`5ld=9br7] .
Algeria [5l`d=97r97] .
alien [`e9lj7n] 1) ; 2) , .
146

along
alight [7`la9t] 1) (
.); 2) (); 3)
( .).
alike [7`la9k] 1. a 1) ; They are very
much ~. - ;
2. adv. ; They dress ~.
.
alive [7`la9v] 1) ; 2) ; When the
priest came he was still ~.
; ~ with . ; The
lake is ~ with fish.
().
all [6:l] 1. a ; ; ; ; once
for ~ ; 2. pron , ;
at ~ , ; not at ~
( ); after ~ ; ~ right
, ; ~ of us ; ~ the
better ; ~ over .
allege [7`led=] 1) ; 2)
; ( ); 3)
.
allegiance [7`l9:d=7ns] ; ,
.
alley [`5l9] ; ;
; blind ~ .
alliance [7`la97ns] 1) , ; 2) , .
allied [7`la9d] 1) ; 2) , .
allot [7`l6t] 1) ; 2) ; ~ment , .
allow [7`lau] 1) ,
; 2) , .
allowance [7`lau7ns] 1) , , ; 2) ,
.
alloy [`5l69] . , , .
allude [7`lu:d] (to) 1) ; 2) .
allusion [7`lu:=n] 1) , ; 2)
.
ally [`5la9] 1. n ; 2. v .
almond [`a:m7nd] .
almost [`6:lmoust] ; , .
alms [a:mz] .
alone [7`loun] , ; ; let
smb. ~ ; .
along [7`l62] , ; come ~ !
.

alongside
alongside [7`l62`sa9d] -; .
aloof [7`lu:f] , ; hold ~ .
.
aloud [7`laud] , .
alphabet [`5lf7b9t] .
Alpine [`5lpa9n] (-, -).
alpinist [`5lp9n9st] .
already [6:l`red9] ; He has ~ come.
.
also [`6:lsou] ; , ; .
alter [`6:lt7] ; .
alteration [6:lt7`re93n] , ;
make ~s .
alternate [6:l`t7:n9t] 1. a 1) ;
2) ; 2. v 1) ; 2) .
alternative [6:l`t7:n7t9v] 1) ; 2)
; There is no ~.
.
although [6:l`1ou] .
altitude [`5lt9tju:d] .
altogether [6:lt7`ge17] , ; ;
; I don't agree with him ~.
.
always [`6:lw7z] , , .
a.m. [`e9`em] (ante meridiem)
; at 5 a. m. 5-.
amalgamate [7`m5lg7me9t]
(, .).
amateur [`5m7t7:] ; .
amaz||e [7`me9z] , ; ~ing .
ambassador [7m`b5s7d7] ; British
~ to France ;
Extraordinary and plenipotentiary ~ .
amber [`5mb7] .
ambiguous [5m`b9gju7s] , .
ambition [5m`b937n] 1) , ;
2) ; 3) .
ambulance [`5mbjul7ns] 1)
; ~ station ;
2) .
ambush [`5mbu3] .
amend [7`mend] , ; .
amends [7`mendz] 1) ; 2) ; make
~ (for) ; .
.

ankle
American [7`mer9k7n] 1. a (-, -);
2. n .
amiable [`e9mj7bl] , , ; .
amicable [`5m9k7bl] , (-, -).
amid(st) [7`m9d(st)] , .
amity [`5m9t9] , ;
.
ammonia [7`mounj7] ; liquid
~ .
amnesty [`5mnest9] , .
among(st) [7`m02(st)] , ,
.
amount [7`maunt] 1. n 1) , ;
2) ; , ; 2. v ( ).
ample [`5mpl] 1) ; 2) , .
amputate [`5mpjute9t] . , .
amuse [7`mju:z] , ;
~ ment .
amusing [7`mju:z92] , .
an [5n7n] 1) . - ;
2) .
anaesthetic [5n9s`4et9k] , .
analogical [5n7`l6d=9k7l] ; ,
.
analyse [`5n7la9z] ; .
analysis [7`n5l9s9z] 1) ; 2) .
anarchy [`5n7k9] ; .
anatomy [7`n5t7m9] .
ancestor [`5ns9st7] -, , .
ancor [`52k7] 1. n ; 2. v .
ancient [`e9n37nt] ; .
and [5nd] 1) ; 2) ; .
anecdote [`5n9kdout] .
anew [7`nju:] , .
angel [`e9nd=7l] .
anger [`52g7] , .
angle [`52gl] . .
angry [`52gr9] , ; be ~ .
anguish [`52gw93] , , .
niml [`5n9m7l] 1. n ; 2. .
animate [`5n9me9t] ,
.
animosity [5n9`m6s9t9] , .
ankle [`52kl] .
147

annex
annex [7`neks] 1. v ; ;
2. n , ; ~ation .
annihilate [7`na9h7le9t] ,
.
annihilation [7na9h7`le937n] ,
.
anniversary [5n9`v7:s7r9] , .
announce [7`nauns] , ,
; ~ment , ; ~r
.
annoy [7`n69] ; ;
; ~ing , .
annual [`5nju7l] .
annul [7`n0l] , .
anther [7`n017] , , o .
answer [`a:ns7] 1. n ; 2. v ; ~ for , ;
~ the bell .
ant [5nt] .
antagonis||m [5n`t5g7n9z7m] , , ; ~t , ; .
Antarctic [5nt`a:kt9k] 1. n ; 2. a
.
antecedent [5nt9`s9:d7nt] ;
(); ().
antelope [`5nt9loup] . , .
anthem [`5n47m] ; national ~
.
anthropology [5n4r7`p6l7d=9] ,
.
anti-aircraft [`5nt9`87kra:ft]
; .
anticipate [5n`t9s9pe9t] ;
.
anticipation [5nt9s9`pe937n]
, .
antidote [`5nt9dout] ;
~ against (for, to) snake bite ; . , .
anti-fascist [`5nt9`f539st] .
antipathy [5n`t9p749] , .
antique [5n`t9:k] 1. a , ; 2. n
, .
antiquity [5n`t9kw9t9] ; in
remote ~ .
anvil [`5nv9l] ().
148

applicant
anxiety [52`za97t9] 1) , ,
; 2) ( .).
anxious [`52k37s] 1) h, ;
; be ~ about ; . I am very ~ about my son's
health. . 2) be ~ to ,
.
any [`en9] , , , , ;
( ); ~body ,
; in ~ case ,
; ~ how ; at ~ rate
; ~thing ; ~ way
; ~where , .
apart [7`pa:t] , ; ~ from -
; joking ~ .
apartment [7`pa:tm7nt] ; .
ape [e9p] ().
apiece [7`p9:s] ; -; .
apologize [7`p6l7d=a9z] .
apology [7`p6l7d=9] , ;
make an ~ .
appal [7`p6:l] , .
apparatus [5p7`re9t7s] , ; .
apparent [7`p5r7nt] , ; .
appeal [7`p9:l] 1. n 1) ; ;
2) ; 3) ; 2. v 1)
; ( , );
2) .
appear [7`p97] 1) ,
, ; 2) .
appearance [7`p97r7ns] 1) ();
2) .
appease [7`p9:z] , ,
.
appendix [7`pend9ks] 1) ; 2) .
.
appetite [`5p9ta9t] .
applaud [7`pl6:d] 1) ; 2)
; .
applause [7`pl6:z] 1) ; 2) ;
.
apple [`5pl] ; ~ tree ; ~ of the
eye ; . -.
appliance [7`pla97ns] , .
applicant [`5pl9k7nt] 1) ; 2) ,
(); 3) .

application
application [5pl9`ke93n] 1) ; 2)
; 3) , ( .).
applied [7`pla9d] ; ~ arts i
sntlr.
apply [7`pla9] (to, for) 1) ;
2) ; 3) .
appoint [7`p69nt] ; ~ment 1) ; 2) , ; 3) () .
appraise [7`pre9z] , .
appreciate [7`pr9:39e9t] 1) ; 2) .
apprentice [7`prent9s] ( ).
approach [7`prout3] 1. v 1) n;
; 2) ; 2. n 1) , ; 2) .
approbation [5pr7`be93n] ,
.
appropriate [7`proupr99t] 1. a , ; 2. v .
approval [7`pru:v7l] ; .
approve [7`pru:v] , .
approximate [7`pr6ks9m9t] , ;
.
apricot [`e9pr9k7t] 1) , ; 2)
.
April [`e9pr9l] .
apron [`e9pr7n] .
apt [5pt] 1) , ; 2) , ; ; 3) :
~ to take offence .
Arab [`5r7b] ( ): ~ian : ~ customs ; the ~ian nights
; ~ic : 1. a ~ numerals
(0, 1, 2, 3 .); 2. n
.
arable [`5r7bl] , .
arbitrary [`a:b9tr7r9] , .
arbour [`a:b7] , .
arc [a:k] . .
arch [a:t3] 1) , ; 2) , .
archaic [a:`ke99k] , .
archbishop [`a:t3`b937p] .
archipelago [a:k9`pel9gou] ,
(- ).
architect [`a:k9tekt] ; ~ure .
archives [`a:ka9vz] pl. .
Arctic [`a:kt9k] (-, -).

arsenic
ardent [`a:d7nt] 1) , ; ;
2) .
ardour [`a:d7] 1) ; 2) ; .
arduous [`a:dju7s] 1) ; 2) ;
3) , .
are [a:] be i .
area [`87r97] 1) , ; 2) , ; .
Argentin||a [a:d=en`t9n7] ; ~e
[a:d=en`ta9n] .
argue [`a:gju:] 1) ; 2)
, (into).
argument [`a:gjum7nt] 1) ; 2) ;
.
arise [7`ra9z] (arose, arisen) ;
.
aristocra||cy [5r9s`t6kr7s9] ;
; ~t ; ~tic , .
arithmetic [7`r94m7t9k] , .
arm I [a:m] .
arm II [a:m] 1. n ; 2. v .
armament [`a:m7m7nt] 1) ;
2) , .
armchair [`a:mt387] , .
Armenia [a:`m9:nj7] ; ~n 1) ; 2) .
armful [`a:mful] ; .
armistice [`a:m9st9s] / .
armour [`a:m7] ; ~ed .
armoury [`a:m7r9] 1) ; ,
; 2) . .
army [`a:m9] .
around [7`raund] , ; ; -.
arouse [7`rauz] ; .
arrange [7`re9nd=] 1) , , 2) ; ;
~ment 1) , ,
; 2) .
arrest [7`rest] 1. v , ; 2. n
, , .
arrival [7`ra9v7l] , .
arrive [7`ra9v] , .
arrogance [`5r7g7ns] , .
arrogant [`5r7g7nt] , .
arrow [`5rou] .
arsenic [`a:sn9k] . .
149

art
art [a:t] 1) ; 2) , ; 3) , ; fine ~s tsviri .
article [`a:t9kl] 1) ; leading ~
; 2) ; 3) . .
artificial [a:t9`f937l] , ; ~ teeth
; ~ limb (, ).
artillery [a:`t9l7r9] ; .
artist [`a:t9st] 1) ; 2) ; .
artistic [a:`t9st9k] .
as [5z] 1. adv, cnj ; as tall as you are
; 2. conj 1) ; As a
child he lived in Moscov. o,
; 2) ; We went
withut him as was not ready.
, o ; ~ if,
~ though , ; ~ for me
; ~ soon ~ ; as son as
he comes , o ; ~ well .
ascend [7`send] , ; ~ancy
, .
ascent [7`sent] , ;
.
ascertain [5s7`te9n] ,
, .
ash I [53] 1) ; ~ tray ; 2) pl ,
.
ash II [53] . , ().
ashamed [7`3e9md] : be ~ .
ashore [7`36:] , ; , .
Asia [`e937] ; ~ Minor ;
~tic .
aside [7`sa9d] 1) , ; 2)
, .
ask [a:sk] 1) ; 2) ,
; ~ after , .
asleep [7`sl9:p] : be ~ ; fall ~
.
asp [5sp] . ().
asparagus [7s`p5r7g7s] . .
aspect [`5spekt] 1) ; 2) , , .
asphalt [`5sf5lt] .
aspiration [5sp7`re93n] 1) ; ,
; 2) .
aspire [7s`pa97] ; .
ass [5s] .
assassin [7`s5s9n] ; ~ate
(); ~ation , .
150

atrocius
assault [7`s6:lt] 1. n ; ; 2. v
, .
assemble [7`sembl] 1) , ;
2) . , .
assent [7`sent] 1. n ; 2. v
.
assert [7`s7:t] , ; ~ion
, ; ~ oneself .
assign [7`sa9n] 1. v 1) ; 2)
; ~ment 2. n 1) ; 2) ; .
assimilate [7`s9m9le9t] 1) ;
2) .
assist [7`s9st] ; ~ance ,
; ~ant , .
associate [7`sou39e9t] 1. v 1) ; ; 2) ; 2. n ,
.
association [7sous9`e937n] , ,
.
assortment [7`s6:tm7nt] , .
assume [7`sju:m] 1) ; 2)
.
assure [7`3u7] (); .
astonish [7s`t6n93] , ; be ~ed , ; ~ment , .
astray [7`stre9] , ; go ~ ; lead ~ .
astrologer [7s`tr6l7d=7] .
astronomer [7s`tr6n7m7] .
astronomy [7s`tr6n7m9] .
asylum [7`sa9l7m] 1) ; 2) .
lunatic ~ ; .
at [5t] , ; - ; ~ five o'clock
5-; ~ home ; ~ the age of ... .
ate [et] eat .
atheism [`e9499z7m] , .
Athens [`549nz] .
athlete [`54l9:t] 1) ; 2) .
Atlantic [7t`l5nt9k] : the ~ Ocean
.
atmospher||e [`5tm7sf97] ; .
; ~ ic(al) , .
atom [`5t7m] ; ~ic bomb ; ~ic energy .
atrocius [7`trou37s] , .

atrocity
atrocity [7`tr6s9t9] .
attach [7`t5t3] 1) ; 2) -
, ; 3) ;
~ment , .
attack [7`t5k] 1. v ; 2. n 1) ; 2) (); heart ~ .
attain [7`te9n] 1) , ;
2) ~ to .
attempt [7`tempt] 1. n 1) , ;
2) ; 2. v 1) ; 2)
.
attend [7`tend] 1) ,
; I wasn't ~ing, sorry. , ; 2) ,
: I`ll ~ to luggage.
/ ; 3) ,
(, .).
attendance [7`tend7ns] , .
attendant [7`tend7nt] , .
attention [7`ten3n] ; pay ~
; ~! ! !
attentive [7`tent9v] ; ; ~ly
.
attic [`5t9k] .
attitude [`5t9tju:d] 1) ; ;
2) , .
atterney [7`t7:n9] , ; power
of ~ ; ~ general .
attract [7`tr5kt] , ;
~ion 1) ; 2) ;
~ive , .
attribute [`5tr9bju:t] 1. n 1) , ,
; 2) . ; 2. v [7`tr9bjut]
.
auction [`6:k37n] , ; sell by
~ .
audacious [6:`de937s] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
audacity [6:`d5s9t9] 1) ; 2) ,
.
audible [`6:d7bl] , .
audience [`6:dj7ns] 1) , ; 2) ().
auditorium [6:d9`t6:r97m] 1) ;
2) .
August [`6:g7st] .
aunt [a:nt] ; .
Aurora [6:`r6:r7] 1) ; 2) . .

aware
austere [6s`t97] , .
Australia [6:s`tre9lj7] , ~n ; .
authentic [6:`4ent9k] , .
author [`6:47] ; .
authoritative [6:`46r9t7t9v] ;
, .
authority [6:`46r9t9] 1) ; 2) pl , ; 3) , .
authorize [`6:47ra9z] ,
.
authorship [`6:4739p] .
autobiography [6:touba9`6gr7f9] .
autocracy [6:`t6kr7s9] , .
automatic [6:t7`m5t9k] ; ~ rifle
.
automobile [`6:t7m7b9:l] .
autonomous [6:`t6n7m7s] .
autumn [`6:t7m] .
auxiliary [6:g`z9lj7r9] , .
available [7`ve9l7bl] ;
, , ; Are any
tickets ~? ?
avalanche [`5vela:n3] ; . .
avarice [`5v7r9s] , .
avenge [7`vend=] .
avenue [`5v9nju:] , .
average [`5v7r9d=] 1. n : on an ~ ; 2. a ; ~ temperature in this
town in August
.
averse [7`v7:s] : be ~ to .
aversion [7`v7:3n] .
avert [7`v7:t] 1) , ;
2) .
aviation [e9v9`e937n] , .
avoid [7`v69d] ,
( ).
await [7`we9t] .
awake [7`we9k] 1. v (w, awoken) ; 2. a : be ~ ;
.
awaken [7`we9k7n] t ( .).
award [7`w6:d] ;
(, .).
aware [7`w87] ; be ~ of ,
; I am ~ .
151

away

bar I

away [7`we9] ; ; ; ...

; is ~. . He
is ~ from the lesson. ,
. ~ from home ; go
~ .
awe [6:] , ( .
); , .
awful [`6:ful] , ; ~ly 1) ; ; 2) . , :
I am ~ly sorry. . I am
~ly helpless. .
awkward [`6:kw7d] 1) ; ;
; 2) , .
awoke [7`wouk] awake
.
axe [5ks] .
axis [`5ks9s] (pl. axes) , .
azure [`5=7] ; . .

Bb
bab||y [`be9b9] ; ; ~ish .
bachelor I [`b5t37l7] .
bachelor II [`b5t37l7] ;
.
back [b5k] 1. n , ; ; 2. a ,
; 3. adv ; 4. v 1) ;
2) , .
backbone [`b5kboun] ; .
, .
background [`b5kgraund] ; ;
keep in the ~ . ;
.
backward [`b5kw7d] 1. adv ,
; ; 2. a 1)
; 2) ().
bacon [`be9k7n] ,
; .
bacteriology [b5k`t97r9`6l7d=9] .
bad [b5d] , , , ; go
~ (, .); feel
~ .
badge [b5d=] ; .
bag [b5g] , , , .
baggage [`b5g9d=] .
152

bail [be9l] .
bait [be9t] .
bake [be9k] (); ~r , .
bakery [`be9k7r9] 1) ; 2) .
balance [`b5l7ns] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 2. v 1) ;
2) .
balcony [`b5lk7n9] , .
bald [b6:ld] 1) , ; 2) .
bale I [be9l] , , .
bale II [be9l] : ~ out .
ball I [b6:l] 1) ; 2) (sap).
ball II [b6:l] , ; .
ballet [`b5le9] .
balloon [b7`lu:n] , .
ballot [`b5l7t] 1) ; 2)
; ~ box .
balm [ba:m] 1) ; 2) ; . .
Baltic Sea [`b6:lt9k`s9:] .
bamboo [b5m`bu:] (
).
ban [b5n] 1. n ; ; 2. v
, .
banana [b7`na:n7] .
band I [b5nd] 1) , ; 2) .
band II [b5nd] ( ), .
band III [b5nd] .
bandage [`b5nd9d=] 1. n , ; 2. v , (yaran).
bang [b52] (),
.
banish [`b5n93] ; .
banisters [`b5n9st7z] pl. , .
bank I [b52k] 1) , / ;
2) , ().
bank II [b52k] ; ~er ,
.
bank-note [`b52knout] (kaz pul).
bankrupt [`b52kr7pt] ; ;
go ~ , - .
bankruptcy [`b52kr7ps9] .
banner [`b5n7]
banquet [`b52kw9t] , .
bar I [ba:] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) ; ;
3) , ; 2. v 1) , -

bar II
; ; 2) () .
bar II [ba:] , .
bar III [ba:]: the Bar .
barbarian [ba:`b87r97n] , .
barbed [ba:bd] ; ~ wire .
barber [`ba:b7] , .
bare [b87] , ; .
barefooted [`b87`fut9d] .
bare-headed [`b87`hed9d] .
bargain [`ba:g9n] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ; 2. v
, .
barge [ba:d=] .
bark I [ba:k] .
bark II [ba:k] 1. n , ; 2. v ; ~ ing .
barley [`ba:l9] .
barn [ba:n] ; .
barrack [`b5r7k] 1) ; 2) pl. .
barrage [`b5ra:=] ; .
barrel [`b5r7l] 1) , ; 2) l
vahidi (neft).
barren [`b5r7n] 1) ; ; 2) , .
barrier [`b5r97] 1) , ; 2) ,
, .
barrister [`b5r9st7] h. .
base I [be9s] 1. n , ; ; 2. v , .
base II [`be9s] , , .
baseball [`be9sb6:l] (
).
basement [`be9sm7nt] ;
, fundament.
basic [`be9s9k] , .
basin [`be9sn] 1) ; ; 2) . .
basis [`be9s9s] 1) , ; ; 2) .
basket [`ba:sk9t] , .
basket-ball [`ba:sk9tb6:l] .
bass [be9s] . 1) ( /
); 2) .
bat I [b5t] , .
bat II [b5t] .
bath [ba:4] , ; have a ~ ; swimming- ~ .
bathe [be91] () .
bath-robe [`ba:4roub] .

bee
bath-room [`ba:4rum] .
battalion [b7`t5lj7n] .
battery [`b5t7r9] (
); .
.
battle [`b5tl] , ; ~ship
.
bay [be9] .
bayonet [`be97n9t] .
be [b9:] (was, were; been) : there is,
there are .
beach [b9:t3] ; .
beacon [`b9:k7n] ; ;
.
bead [b9:d] 1) ; 2) pl. ; count
/ tell one's ~s .
beak [b9:k] .
beam [b9:m] 1. n ; 2. v 1) ;
2) .
bean [b9:n] ; ; kidney
~ .
bear I [b87] (bore, borne) 1) , ; 2) ; ~ fruit ,
; 3) .
bear II [b87] .
beard [b97d] ; ~ed .
bearer [`b87r7] 1) , ;
2) ( .).
beast [b9:st] ; .
beat [b9:t] (beat, beaten) 1) ; 2) , (, ); 3)
( ).
beautiful [`bju:t7ful] , .
beauty [`bju:t9] 1) ; 2) .
because [b9`k6z] ; ; ~ of , , .
beckon [`bek7n] ,
.
become [b9`k0m] (became; become) 1) ; What has become of him?
? ? 2) ,
( .).
becoming [b9`k0m92] ; It is a very
~ hat. .
bed [bed] 1) , ; go to ~
; 2) ; 3) (, );
~ clothes .
bedroom [`bedrum] .
bee [b9:] , .
153

beech
beech [b9:t3] .
beef [b9:f] ; horse ~ ; ~ -steak
( ).
beehive [`b9:ha9v] .
beer [b97] .
beet [b9:t] .
beetle [`b9:tl] .
beetroot [`b9:tru:t] .
before [b9`f6:] 1. prep - , ;
2. adv 1) ; 2) ; 3) ~ long
, ; long ~
.
beforehand [b9`f6:h5nd] , ; .
beg [beg] , ; ; I beg your pardon. .
beggar [`beg7] .
begin [b9`g9n] (began, begun) ; to
~ with ; ~ner ;
; ~ning .
begrudge [b9`gr0d=] 1) ,
; No one ~d him his good
fortune. ; 2) ( .);
3) ; ~ the cost of a school
(,
).
beguile [b9`ga9l] , .
behalf [b9`ha:f] : on ~ of ; in ~ of
, , ... .
behave [b9`he9v] , ; ; ~ oneself
.
behaviour [b9`he9vj7] , .
behind [b9`ha9nd] ; .
behold [b9`hould] (beheld; beheld) ;
.
being [`b9:92] , ; ;
human ~s .
belch [belt3] 1) ; 2) .
Belgi||an [`beld=7n] ; ~ um .
belie [b9`la9] 1) ; ;
2) .
belief [b9`l9:f] , ; .
believe [b9`l9:v] ; ; ~ in
God Allaha inanmaq; ~r ; .
bell [bel] , ; ~ -flower
.
belligerent [b9`l9d=7r7nt] ,
; .
154

bid
bellow [`belou] , .
belly [`bel9] .
belong [b9`l62] , ;
~ings ; -.
beloved [b9`l0vd] 1. n ; 2. a ,
.
below [b9`lou] , ; ~ zero .
belt [belt] 1) , ; 2) . .
bench [bent3] 1) ; 2) .
bend [bend] 1. v (bent, bent) ; ,
; 2. n 1) , ; 2) .
beneath [b9`n9:4] ; , .
beneficial [ben9`f937l] , , .
benefit [`ben9f9t] , .
benevolence [b9`nev7l7ns] 1) ;
2) .
berry [`ber9] .
berth [b7:4] (, ).
beside [b9`sa9d] , .
besides [b9`sa9dz] ,
.
besiege [b9`s9:d=] , .
best [best] ; to the ~ of my knowledge ; to do one's
~ .
bet [bet] 1. n 1) ; 2)
(); 2. v (bet, betted) , .
betray [b9`tre9] ; ~al ; ~er .
better [`bet7] ; ; be ~, get
~ ; get the ~ of ,
; You had ~ go
, .
between [b9`tw9:n] , , .
beware [b9`w87] (of) ,
.
bewilder [b9`w9ld7] , ;
~ ment , ; .
beynd [b9`j6nd] 1) o ; ; 2) , ; 3) ; ~ doubt
.
bicycle [`ba9s9kl] .
bicyclist [`ba9s9kl9st] .
bid [b9d] 1. n ( ); 2. v
(, ) 1) ; 2)
(); ~ farewell .

big
big [b9g] ; ~ness .
bilateral [ba9`l5t7r7l] ; ~ talks .
bile [ba9l] . .
bilingual [ba9`l92gw7l] .
bill I [b9l] 1) ; 2) -;
3) , ; 4) ; ; 5) ,
(, ).
bill II [b9l] .
billiards [`b9lj7dz] .
billion [`b9lj7n] ; . .
billow [`b9lou] 1. n ; 2. v ; ~y .
bin [b9n] , , .
bind [ba9nd] (bound, bound) 1) ,
, ; 2) (); ~ing .
biograph||er [ba9`6gr7f7] ; ~y -.
biology [ba9`6l7d=9] .
birch [b7:t3] 1) ; 2) , .
bird [b7:d] ; a ~ in the bush -
; a ~ in the hand ; ~s of a
feather .
birth [b7:4] 1) ; 2) ;
3) , ; ~ rate [`b7:4re9t]
; ~ day ;
~ place .
biscuit [`b9sk9t] , .
bishop [`b937p] .
bit I [b9t] , , .
bit II [b9t] .
bitch [b9t3] .
bite [ba9t] (bit; bitten) 1. v ; 2. n
1) ; 2) ; 3) ; have a ~ .
bitter [`b9t7] , ; ; ~ly: it's ~ly
cold ; speak ~ly -
; ~ness ; .
blab [bl5b] ,
.
black [bl5k] .
blackberry [`bl5kb7r9] .
black-board [`bl5kb6:d] .
blacken [`bl5k7n] ; . .
blacking [`bl5k92] .
blacksmith [`bl5ksm94] ; .
blade [ble9d] 1) ; ; 2) .
; .

blotting-paper
blame [ble9m] 1. v ;
; 2. n , ; .
blank [bl52k] 1) , ; 2) .
blanket [`bl5nk9t] , .
blast [bla:st] 1. n 1) ;
2) ; 3) ; 2. v ; .
blast-furnase [`bla:st`f7:n9s] .
blaze [ble9z] 1. 1) ; ; 2) ,
; 2. v ; .
bleach [bl9:t3] ( .).
bleak [bl9:k] ; ().
bleat [bl9:t] .
bleed [bl9:d] (bled, bled) ;
; .
blend [blend] ; .
bless [bles] - ; ~ing , .
blind [bla9nd] 1. a ; 2. n ; 3. v
1) ; . ; 2)
.
blink [bl92k] 1) , ;
2) ; ~ the facts
.
bliss [bl9s] , .
blister [`bl9st7] , , .
blizzard [`bl9z7d] , .
bloc [bl6k] . (,
).
block I [bl6k] 1. n 1) ; 2) , ;
2. n , .
block II [bl6k] , .
blockade [bl6`ke9d] .
blocks [bl6ks] (
).
blond [bl6nd] .
blood [bl0d] ; ~shed ; ~ poisoning ; ~ pressure
; ~y .
bloom [blu:m] 1. n ; ;
. ; 2. v , .
blossom [`bl6s7m] 1. n (); 2. v .
blot [bl6t] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
3) ( );
4) , ; 2. v 1) ;
2) .
blotting-paper [`bl6t92pe9p7] ,
.
155

blouse
blouse [blauz] ( ).
blow I [blou] ; at one ~ .
blow II [blou] (blew, blown) 1)
(); 2) ; ~ one's nose
; ~ out , ; ~ up , .
blue [blu:] .
blunder [`bl0nd7] 1. n ,
; 2. v 1) ; 2) .
blunt [bl0nt] 1) ; 2) , .
blush [bl03] 1. v ; 2. n
.
board [b6:d] 1. n 1) , , ;
2) ; ~ and lodging (); 3) , ; 4)
(); notice ~ ; on ~
; 2. v .
boarding-house [`b6:d92haus] .
boarding-school [`b6:d92sku:l]
.
boast [boust] , .
boat [bout] ; ; ~ man .
body [`b6d9] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ,
, ; in a ~ ; 4) ;
5) .
bog [b6g] , .
bogus [`boug7s] , .
boil [b69l] ; ; ~er .
boisterous [`b69st7r7s] , .
bold [bould] , ; ~ness .
bolt [b6lt] 1. n ; ; like a ~ from the
blue ; 2. v
().
bomb [b6m] 1. n ; 2. v .
bomber [`b6m7] .
bond [b6nd] ; , .
bondage [`b6nd9d=] 1) , ; 2) .
bone [boun] 1) ; 2) .
bonfire [`b6nfa97] , .
bonnet [`b6n9t] (
).
bonus [`boun7s] ; (

).
book [buk] 1. n ; 2. v
.
156

bouquet
bookcase [`bukke9s] .
booking-office [`buk92`6f9s] .
book-keeper [`bukk9:p7] .
bookshelf [`buk3elf] .
bookshop [`buk36p] , .
boom [bu:m] 1. v 1) , ;
2) - ; 3) ; 4) ; 2. n 1) ;
2) ().
boon [bu:n] 1. n , ; 2. ,
.
boot [bu:t] 1) , ; 2) pl . ( ).
booth [bu:1] , ; .
booty [bu:t9] , .
booz||e [bu:z] , ;
~ y .
border [`b6:d7] 1. n ; ; ;
2. v , .
bore I [b6:] 1. v , ;
2. n .
bore II [b6:] 1. v ,
; 2. n .
born [b6:n] ; be ~ .
borrow [`b6rou] 1) ; 2) , , .
bosh [b63] . , .
bosom [`buz7m] 1) ; , ; 2) ,
; ~ friend , .
boss [b6s] , .
botany [`b6t7n9] .
both [bou4] , ; ~ you and
me , .
bother [`b617] 1. v ,
; Don't bother! ;
2. n ; What a ~! !
bottle [`b6tl] , ; ~ -neck
.
bottom [`b6t7m] 1) ; 2) ; 3) , ;
~less , ; ~ up .
bough [bau] .
bought [b6:t] buy .
bound I [baund] bind
.
bound II [baund] : be ~ for
( ).
boundary [`baund7r9] , .
boundless [`baundl9s] , .
bouquet [`buke9] , .

bourgeoisie
bourgeoisie [bu7=wa:`z9:] .
bow I [bau] 1. n , ; ;
2. v , , .
bow II [bau] ().
bow III [bau] 1) , ; 2) ; 3)
.
bowels [`bau7lz] . .
bowl [boul] 1) , ; ; ~ fire
.
box I [b6ks] 1) ; 2) ().
box II [b6ks] 1. v ; 2. n ;
~ er .
box-office [`b6ks7f9s] .
boy [b69] .
boy-friend [`b69frend] (qzn).
boyhood [`b69hud] .
boycott [`b69k7t] 1. n ; 2. v
.
braces [`bre9s9z] ().
bracket [`br5k9t] 1) ; 2) ,
; higher ~s
.
brag [br5g] 1. v ; ;
2. n .
braid [bre9d] 1. n (); 2. v .
brain [`bre9n] ; . . He hasn't
got the ~s for it. .
brake [bre9k] 1. n ; 2. v ; .
branch [bra:nt3] 1) ; ; 2) ;
; 3) ().
brand [`br5nd] 1. n 1) ; ;
2) ; 3) . ; 2. v , .
brandy [`br5nd9] .
brass [bra:s] , .
brave [bre9v] , ; ~ry , .
brawl [br6:l] , ;
-.
bray [bre9] .
Brazil [br7`z9l] .
breach [br9:t3] 1) , ; 2) ()
; 3) ; ~ of
promise .
bread [bred] ; make one`s ~
.
breadth [bred4] , .
break [bre9k] 1. v (broke, broken) 1) , ; , ,

bring
; 2) () ; 3)
, ; day`s ~ing ;
~ up ( .); 2. n ,
.
break-down [`bre9kdaun] 1) , ; 2) , .
breakfast [`brekf7st] ; have
~ .
breakthrough [`bre9k`4ru:] 1) .
; 2) (, ).
breast [brest] , ; make a clean ~ of
it .
breath [bre4] ; be out of ~
, .
breathe [br9:1] 1) ; 2)
.
breathing [`br9:192] 1) ; 2) .
breathless [`bre4l9s] , .
bred [bred] breed .
breeches [`br9t39z] ( ),
.
breed [br9:d] (bred, bred) 1. v 1) , ; 2) ; 3) ()
; 2. n 1) ; 2) ; ~ing;
cattle ~ ; ship ~ .
bribe [bra9b] 1. n ; ~ry ;
2. v .
brick [br9k] 1. n 1) ; 2) .
; 2. a (); ~layer
.
bride [bra9d] ; ~groom .
bridge I [br9d=] .
bridge II [br9d=] ( ).
bridle [`bra9dl] 1. n , ; 2. v .
brief [br9:f] 1) , ; 2) ; ~ case , ; in ~ ,
.
brigade [br9`ge9d] , ; fire ~ .
bright [bra9t] 1) , ; 2) ,
; ~ ness 1) , ; 2) ,
.
brilliant [`br9lj7nt] 1. a , ; 2. n
.
brim [br9m] (), .
bring [br92] (brought, brought) 1) ;
2) , ; ~ up
157

brink
, ; ~ along , ; ~ forth
, ; ~ to an
end .
brink [`br92k] ().
brisk [br9sk] , ; .
bristle [`br9sl] 1. n , ; 2. v
/ .
Britain [`br9t7n] ; Great ~
.
British [`br9t93] , .
Briton [`br9tn] , .
brittle [`br9tl] , / .
broach [brout3] dl .
broad [br6:d] ; .
broadcast [`br6:dka:st] 1. n ;
2. v (broadcast, broadcast) ; ~ ing station .
broke [brouk] break .
broken [`brouk7n] , ;
(); ~ -hearted
().
broker [`brouk7] , .
bronchitis [br62`ka9t9s] tib. .
brooch [brout3] ( ).
brood [bru:d] 1. v / ;
; 2. n
; ~ hen, ~ y .
brook [bruk] , .
broom [bru:m] .
broth [br64] , .
brother [`br017] ; ~hood ;
~ -in-law ; ; .
brought [br6:t] bring .
brow [brau] ; .
brown [braun] 1) ; ; 2) , ().
brush [br03] 1. n , ; 2. v
, , .
brutal [`bru:tl] , .
brute [bru:t] 1) ; 2) .
, ( ).
bubble [`b0bl] 1. v , ; 2. n .
bucket [`b0k9t] .
buckle [`b0kl] .
buckwheat [`b0kw9:t] . .
bud [b0d] 1. n , ; 2. v , .
158

bush
budget [`b0d=9t] .
buffalo [`b0f7lou] . .
bug [b0g] 1) ; , ; 2) .
bugle [`bju:gl] , .
build [b9ld] (built; built) ();
; ~er , ; ~ing
, .
bulb [b0lb] 1) ; 2) .
Bulgarian [b0l`g89r97n] .
bulg||e [b0ld=] 1. n 1) ; 2)
, ; 2. v qabarmaq, qabaa maq;
~ing eyes dombalan gz.
bulk [b0lk] 1) ; ; 2) ;
; ~y , .
bull [bul] , .
bullet [`bul9t] ; ~ -proof .
bulletin [`bul9t9n] 1) ; 2) .
bully [`bul9] 1. n , ; 2. v
, ; - .
bump [b0mp] 1. n ; ; 2. v
, .
bunch [b0nt3] ; .
bundle [`b0ndl] ; ; ,
.
bungalow [`b0ng7lou] ,
.
buoy [b69] ; (
).
burden [`b7:dn] 1. n , ; 2. v ; ; ; ~some .
bureau [bju7`rou] 1) ; 2) , .
burglar [`b7:gl7] , ; ~y
, luq.
burial [`ber97l] , .
burn [b7:n] (burnt, burnt)1. v 1) ;
2) ; ~ with fever
; 2. n .
burst [b7:st] (burst, burst) 1. v 1) ;
; ~ out laughing ; ~ into tears ;
2. n ; ~ of applause
.
bury [`b7:r9] , .
bus [b0s] .
bush [bu3] , ; ~y (,
); .

business

cancel

business [`b9zn9s] 1) ; ~man ;

2) ; ; (); ~like
, ; .
bust [b0st] ; ().
bustle [`b0sl] 1. v , ;
2. n ; .
busy [`b9z9] 1) ; be ~ ;
2) , .
but [b0t] , , ; , ; ~ for ... ; all ~ one ; the last ~ one .
butcher [`but37] 1) ; 2) . ,
.
butter [`b0t7] 1. n ; 2. v ; .
butterfly [`b0t7fla9] .
button [`b0tn] 1. n ; ; 2. v ; ~hole , .
buy [ba9] (bought; bought) ,
; ~er .
buzz [b0z] 1. n ; 2. v .
by [ba9] 1) , ; 2) ...
( .); ~ two ;
3) ; ~ air (train, sea)
(, ); ~ rail ;
4) ; ~ and ~ ,
; day ~ day ; ~ day ; ~ God! ! ~ itself -;
~ street . ~ no means ,
; ~ the way ,
, .
by-election [`ba99lek37n] .
bygone [`ba9g6n] , .
Byzantium [b9`z5nt97m] .

Cc
cab [k5b] ; .
cabbage [`k5b9d=] .
cabin [`k5b9n] 1) ; ; 2)
( ).
cabinet [`k5b9n9t] 1) , ; 2) ; ; 3) .
cable [`ke9bl] 1. n 1) , ; 2)
; 3) . ; 2. v . .

cackle [`k5kl] 1) (); 2) .

cactus [`k5kt7s] . .
cafe [`k5fe9] .
cage [ke9d=] 1. n ; 2. v .
Cairo [`ka97rou] .
cake [keik] 1) , ; , ; 2) ; ; ~ of soap
.
calamity [k7`l5m9t9] ().
calculate [`k5lkjule9t] 1) ; 2) .
calculating-mashine [k5lkjule9t92m7`39:n]
.
calendar [`k5l9nd7] .
calf I [ka:f] , .
calf II [ka:f] .
call [k6:l] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) (); ~ up . 2. v 1) ,
, ; 2) ;
3) ; ~ on ; ~ up
().
callous [`k5l7s] mc. , ,
.
calm [ka:m] 1. a 1) , ; 2. n ; 3. v , ;
~ down ; ~ly -,
.
calumny [`k5l7mn9] .
came [ke9m] come .
camel [`k5m7l] .
camera [`k5m7r7] ; ~man , .
camouflage [`k5mufla:=] , .
camp [k5mp] 1. n ; ; 2. v
.
campaign [k5m`pe9n] 1) ; 2) ().
camphor [`k5mf7] .
can I [k5n] (could) 1) ; 2)
: It can`t be true. .
~ it be true? ?
can II [k5n] 1. n 1) ( );
2) ; ; 3) ; 2. v .
canal [k7`n5l] .
cancel [`k5ns7l] .
159

cancer
cancer [`k5ns7] . ().
candid [`k5nd9d] , .
candidate [`k5nd9de9t] .
candle [`k5ndl] ; ~stick .
cane [ke9n] 1) , ; 2) .
canned [k5nd] .
cannibal [`k5n9b7l] , .
cannon [`k5n7n] (); ~-ball
.
cannot [`k5n6t] : I ~. ,
.
canoe [k7`nu] ; .
canteen [k5n`t9:n] ().
canvas [`k5nv7s] ,
( ).
cap [k5p] 1) ; ; ; 2) , .
capable [`ke9p7bl] 1) ; ;
2) .
capacious [k7`pe937s] , ;
.
capacity [k7`p5s9t9] 1) , ; The
hall has a seating ~ of 500. 500
. 2) .
cape I [ke9p] (
); ; .
cape II [ke9p] . .
capital I [`k5p9t7l] 1. n , ;
2. a 1) ; 2) ; ~ letter ; 3) .
~ punishment .
capital II [`k5p9t7l] ; ~ism ; ~ist .
capitulate [k7`p9tjule9t] .
captain [`k5pt9n] .
capture [`k5pt37] 1. n ; ;
; 2. v 1) , ,
; 2) ().
car [ka:] 1) ; 2) .
carbon [`ka:b7n] ; ~ paper
.
card [ka:d] 1) ( ); 2)
(); 3) (); invitation ~ .
cardboard [`ka:db6:d] .
cardinal [`ka:d9nl] 1. a 1) a, ; 2) ;
~ number ; 2. n .
care [k87] 1. n 1) , ; You should
give more ~ to your work.
. Have a ~!
160

cashier
! ! 2) ; The
library is under the ~ of Ministry of
Culture.
; 2. v 1) , ; I dn't ~ for him.
. Would you ~ for a walk?
? He doesn't
much ~ for television.
o . 2)
, ; (for, of, about) Who will
~ for the children? ? 3) ; ; I don't care.
; .
career [k7`r97] , , .
careful [`k87ful] 1) , ; be
~ ! 2) ; 3) .
caress [k7`res] 1. n , , ; 2. v , , .
cargo [`ka:gou] ().
caricature [k5r9k7`tju7] .
carnation [ka:`ne937n] .
carpenter [`ka:p9nt7] .
carpet [`ka:p9t] .
carriage [`k5r9d=] 1) ; 2) ; 3)
; 4) .
carrier [`k5r97] , .
carrier-rocket [`k5r97`r6k9t] .
carrot [`k5r7t] .
carry [`k5r9] ; ~ on ; ~ out , .
cart [ka:t] ; ; put
the ~ before the horse .
cartoon [ka:`tu:n] 1) ; 2) multiplikasiya filmi.
cartridge [`ka:tr9d=] ; .
carve [ka:v] 1) ( );
(); 2) ( ); ~r , ; .
case I [ke9s] 1) ; 2) .
case II [ke9s] 1) , ; 2) (); 3) . ; in that ~
, ; in ~ of ... ,
; in any ~ .
cash [k53] 1. n ; ~ register ;
2. v ~ a cheque ; ~ on
delivery ; ~ payment
.
cashier [k5`397] .

cask
cask [ka:sk] .
cast [ka:st] 1. v (cast; cast) 1) , ; 2) tex. , ();
3) (); 2. n 1) ; 2) ,
; 3) (,
).
cast-iron [`ka:sta97n] .
castle [`ka:sl] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ().
casual [`k5=ju7l] ; ~ty ; pl.
, ().
cat [k5t] .
catalogue [`k5t5l6g] .
cataract ]`k5t7r5kt] 1) (,
); 2) . ( ).
catastrophie [k7`t5str7f9] , .
catch [k5t3] 1. v (caught ; caught) ;
; ~ cold ; ~ fire
; 2. n 1) ; ; 2) ,
.
caterpillar [`k5t7p9l7] 1) . ; 2) .
.
cathedral [k7`49:dr7l] ,
.
cathol||ic [`k547l9k] ; ~ism .
cattle [`k5tl] ; -.
caught [k6:t] catch .
Caucasus [`k6:k7s7s] .
cauldron [`k6:ldr7n] .
cauliflower [`k6l9flau7] .
cause [k6:z] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 3) ;
~ of peace . 2. v 1) ;
2) .
cautious [`k6:37s] ; .
cavalry [`k5v7lr9] ; .
cave [ke9v] .
caviar(e) [`k5v9a:] .
cavity [`k5v9t9] o; .
caw [k6:] .
cease [s9:s] , , ; ~less ; , .
cedar [`s9d7] .
ceiling [`s9:l92] .
celebrate [`sel9bre9t] 1) ,
; 2) , .
celebrated [`sel9bre9t9d] ; .
celebrity [s9`lebr9t9] ,
.

chamber
celestial [s9`lestj7l] 1) ; 2) . .
cell [sel] 1) ; 2) ;
3) . .
cellar [`sel7] 1) , ; 2)
.
cement [s9`ment] .
cemetry [`sem9tr9] .
censorship [`sens739p] .
censure [`sen37] 1. v 1) ,
; ; 2) ;
2. n 1) , ; 2) .
census [`sens7s] .
cent [sent] ( ); per~
; ten per~ .
centennial [sen`tenj7l] , .
central [`sentr7l] 1) ; 2) , ;
~ization ; ~ize .
centre [`sent7] 1. n ; 2. v , ; .
century [`sent3ur9] , .
cereals [`s97r97lz] . , .
ceremonial [ser7`mounj7l] 1) ; 2) .
ceremony [`ser9m7n9] .
certain [`s7:tn] 1) , ; 2) ;
; be ~ ; for ~ ; a
~ person , .
certainly [`s7:tnl9] .
certainty [`s7:tnt9] .
certificate [s7`t9f9k9t] , , .
certify [`s7:t9fa9] ().
certitude [`s7:t9tju:d] , .
cessation [se`se93n] 1) , ;
2) .
Ceylon [s9`l6n] .
chain [t3e9n] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v .
chair [t387] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; ~man .
chalk [t36:k] .
challenge [`t35l9nd=] 1. n ;
(, ); 2. v ; (, ).
chamber [`t3e9mb7] 1) (); 2) ; ; ~maid ().
161

champion
champion [`t35mpj7n] 1) , ; ~ of peace ;
2) ; ~ship 1) , 2) .
chance [t3a:ns] 1) ; , ; 2) ; by ~ .
chancellor [`t3a:ns7l7] .
change [t3e9nd=] 1. v 1) , ; ~ one`s mind ;
2) ;
2. n 1) ; 2) ; .
channel [`t35nl] 1) ; 2) , ;
3) .
chap [t35p] . , ; old ~
.
chapel [`t35p7l] .
chapter [`t35pt7] , ().
character [`k5r9kt7] 1) , ;
2) ; 3) ; ~istic ,
; ~ize ,
.
charge [t3a:d=] 1. n 1) , ;
2) , ; be in ~ of
(); ; 2) . ; 3) ;
free of ~ ; 2. v 1)
(); ; 2) .
; 3) (
. ); 4) .
charitable [`t35r9t7bl] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
charity [`t35r9t9] 1) ilik; 2) ;
, .
charm [t3a:m] 1. n , ; 2. v
, ; ~ing
, .
chart [t3a:t] 1) . ; 2) ,
.
charter [`t3a:t7] . 1) ; 2) ,
.
charwoman [`t3a:wum7n] .
chase [t3e9s] 1. n 1) ; 2) , . 2. v
1) ; 2) , ; 3) . .
chat [t35t] 1. n , ; 2. v
, .
chatter [`t35t7] 1. v , -
; 2. n ; ; ~box
, , .
162

chip
chauffeur [`3ouf7] ,
.
cheap [t39:p] .
cheat [t39:t] 1. v 1) ; ;
2) xyant etmk; 2. n , .
check [t3ek] 1. n 1) , ; 2) .
; 3) ; 4) . ; 2. v
1) , ; 2)
.
cheek [t39:k] .
cheer [t397] 1. n / , ; give
a ~ ; three ~ s for ...
, ! 2. v 1) ;
2) , - ;
~ ful , .
cheese [t39:z] .
chemical [`kem9k7l] .
chemise [39`m9:z] .
chemist [`kem9st] 1) ; 2) ; ~ry
.
cheque [t3ek] .
cherish [`t3er9s] 1) (), 2) (); 3) .
cherry [`t3er9] , .
chess [t3es] ; ~-men .
chest [t3est] 1) , ; ~ of drawers
, ; 2) , ;
.
chestnut [`t3esn0t] 1. n ; 2. a
.
chew [t3ju:] ; ~ing-gum .
chicken [`t39k9n] ; ~-pox .
chief [t39:f] 1. n , ; ; 2. a
; ; ~ly , .
child [t3a9ld] , ; ~hood
; ~ish ; ~ren .
chill [t39l] ; You'll get a ~.
.
chilly [`t39l9] 1) , ; 2) , ; 3) .
chimney [`t39mn9] .
chin [t39n] .
china I [`t3a9n7] 1) (-, -); 2) .
China II [`t3a9n7] .
Chinese [`t3a9n9:z] 1. a (dili); 2. n .
chip [t39p] 1. n , ; 2. v ,
().

chirp
chirp [t37:p] 1. n -, ; 2. v , - .
chivalrous [`39v7lr7s] , .
choice [t369s] ; ; make one's
~ .
choir [`kwa97] .
choke [t3ouk] 1) ; 2) .
cholera [`k6l7r7] . , ().
choose [t3u:z] (chose; chosen) .
chop [t36p] 1. v 1) ; 2)
(); 2. n .
chord I [k6:d] 1) , ; 2) . ,
; spinal ~ ; vocal ~s
.
chord II [k6:d] .
chorus [`k6:r7s] .
chose [t3ouz] choose .
christen [`kr9sn] 1) ,
; 2) .
Christian [`kr9stj7n] 1. a ; ~ name
; 2. n , .
Christmas [`kr9sm7s] .
chromatic [kr7`m5t9k] 1) ; 2) .
.
chrome [kroum] ; .
chronic [`kr6n9k] 1) , ;
2) .
chronicle [`kr6n9kl] 1. n , ; 2. v
.
church [t37:t3] ; ~yard .
churl [t37:l] 1) ; 2) ; ~ish
, .
cider [`sa9d7] .
cigarette [s9g7`ret] , .
cinder [`s9nd7] 1) . , ; 2) pl. .
cinema [`s9n9m7] .
cipher [`sa9f7] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 3) ;
2. v , .
circle [`s7:kl] 1. n , ; 2. v , .
circuit [`s7:k9t] 1) ; 2) ; 3) . ; short ~ ,
.
circular [`s7:kjul7] 1. a ; 2. n (, s.)
circulate [`s7:kjule9t] 1) ; 2) (); 3) , .

clean
circulation [s7:kju`le93n] 1) ;
2) , .
circumference [s7`k0mf7r7ns] 1) ;
2) .
circumstance [`s7:k7mst7ns] , ; under the ~s , .
circus [`s7:k7s] .
cistern [`s9st7n] 1) ; ; 2) .
citadel [`s9t7dl] 1) , ; ; 2) .
citizen [`s9t9zn] 1) ; 2) ; ~ship
.
city [`s9t9] () .
civil [`s9vl] 1) , ; 2) .
civilian [s9`v9lj7n] .
civility [s9`v9l9t9] ; ; .
civilization [s9v9la9`ze93n] , .
claim [kle9m] 1. v 1) , 2)
; 3) ; 2. n , .
clamour [`kl5m7] -, , .
clan [kl5n] , .
clandestine [kl5n`dest9n] , .
clap [kl5p] 1. v 1) , ;
2) ; 2. n ; .
clarify [`kl5r9fa9] 1) ; 2) .
clash [kl53] 1. n 1) , ;
2) ; 2. v .
clasp [kl5sp] 1. v ; to ~ smb's
hands ; 2. n 1) ; 2) .
clss I [kla:s] 1. n . , ; working ~ ; 2. a .
class II [kla:s] 1) (); ~- room
; 2) , , .
class-conciousness [`kla:`sk6n37sn9s]
.
classify [`kl5s9fa9] ,
.
clatter [`kl5t7] 1. n ; 2. v , .
clause [kl6:z] 1) , ; 2) .
.
claw [kl6:] 1) ; 2) .
clay [kle9] , .
clean [kl9:n] 1. n , ; 2. v .
163

clear
clear [kl97] 1. a 1) , ; 2) ,
; ~ conscience ; ~ sky
; 2. v ; ~ up 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
cleft [kleft] , .
clemency [`klem7ns9] , .
clench [klent3] (, ).
clergy [`kl7:d=9] ; ~man .
clerk [kla:k] , , .
clever [`klev7] 1) , ; 2) ; ; ~ness , .
client [`kla97nt] , .
cliff [kl9f] ; .
climate [`kla9m9t] .
climax [`kla9m5ks] ,
.
climb [kla9m] 1) ; ();
2) (); ~er 1) ;
2) .
cling [kl92] 1) ; 2) .
clinic [`kl9n9k] .
clip I [kl9p] 1) ; 2) .
clip II [kl9p] , .
cloak [klouk] , , ;
~-room 1) ; 2) ( ).
clock [kl6k] , .
clod [kl6d] , .
clog [kl6g] 1. n , ; 2. v
, .
clos||e [klouz] 1. v , ;
2. n , ; ~ed ; ~ing time
( s.)
close [klous] yaxn (dost, qohum); ~ly yaxndan.
closet [`kl6z9t] , ; water- ~ ,
.
cloth [kl64] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ;
lay the ~ .
clothes [klou1z] pl , .
cloud [klaud] 1. n ; 2. v ,
, ().
clove [klouv] .
clover [`klouv7] .
clown [klaun] ; ; .
club I [kl0b] , .
club II [kl0b] .
164

cogni||tion
clue [klu:] 1) aar; 2) , (
); . ; 3) ,
.
clumsy [`kl0mz9] .
cluster [`kl0st7] 1. n ; 2. v 1) , ( ); 2) .
coach I [kout3] 1) ; 2) .
coach II [`kout3] 1. n , ;
; 2. v , ().
coal [koul] (); ~-pit ; ~man .
coalition [kou7`l937n] , .
coarse [k6:s] , ; .
coast [koust] 1. n ; 2. v
; ~er ; ~-guard
.
coat [kout] 1. n 1) ; 2) , ;
3) (); 4) ( .); 2. v
, .
cobbler [`k6bl7] ; .
cobble-stone [`k6blstoun] .
cobweb [`k6bweb] .
cock I [k6k] .
cock II [k6k] 1) ; ();
2) .
cockroach [`k6krout3] .
cocktail [`k6kte9l] .
cocoa [`koukou] .
coco-nut [`kouk7n0t] .
cocoon [k7`ku:n] .
C.O.D. [`s9:`ou`d9:] (cash on delivery) , .
cod [k6d] . (); ~-liver oil
.
code [koud] 1. n 1) ; 2) ,
; 2. v , .
coexistence [`kou9g`z9st7ns]
, - .
coffee [`k6f9] ; ~ beans pl.
; ~-pot .
coffin [`k6f9n] .
cogitate [`k6d=9te9t] 1) ; -
; 2) .
cogni||tion [k6g`n937n] 1) ; 2)
; ~zance , ; have
~zance of smth.
.

coil
coil [k69l] 1. v ( ); 2. n
1) ; ; 2)
.
coin [k69n] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v
(, ).
coincidence [kou`9ns9d7ns] 1) ; 2) , .
coke [kouk] .
cold [kould] 1. a ; I`m ~ . He`s ~ . 2. n , ; catch ~ ,
; ~-blooded .
collaboration [k7l5b7`re937n] 1) ; 2) .
collaborator [k7l5b7`re9t7] 1) ;
; 2) .
collapse [k7`l5ps] 1. n 1) , ;
2) ; 2. v 1) , ;
2) ; 3) .
collapsible [k7`l5ps7bl] -
( .).
collar [`k6l7] , ; ~-bone anat.
.
colleague [`k6l9:g] .
collect [k7`lekt] ; ; ~ion
1) ; ; 2) .
collective [k7`lekt9v] , .
college [`k6l9d=] .
collier [`k6l97] (), .
collision [k7`l9=n] , .
colloquial [k7`loukw97l] .
collusion [k7`lu:=n] .
colon [`koulen] ( ).
colonel [`k7:nl] .
colonial [k7`lounj7l] (-; -).
colonize [`k6l7na9z] 1) ,
; 2) .
colony [`k6l7n9] .
colour [`k0l7] 1. n , ; 2. v ; . ; ~ed
; ( );
~s .
column [`k6l7m] 1) , ; 2)
.
comb [koum] 1. n ; 2. v .
combat [`k6mb7t] 1. n , ; ; 2. v , .

communicate
combination [k7mb9`ne937n] 1) ; ; 2) .
combine [k7m`ba9n] 1. v 1) ,
; 2) ; 2. n
[`k6mba9n] . . .
combustion [k7m`b0st3n] .
come [k0m] (came, come) ; ~ across
; ~ by , ;
~ in , ; ~ up with , ; ~ come up to yaxnlamaq.
comedian [k7`m9:dj7n] .
comedy [`k6m9d9] .
comfort [`k0mf7t] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
pl. ; 2. v , ; ~able [`k0mf7t7bl] .
comic [`k6m9k] , ; .
coming [`k0m92] , .
comma [`k6m7] .
command [k7`ma:nd] 1. v 1) ;
2) ; 3) ;
2. n 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; ~er ; ~er in chief
.
commemorate [k7`mem7re9t] 1) , ; 2) .
commend [k7`mend] ;
.
comment [k7`ment] 1. n ; ; 2. v
.
commerce [`k6m7:s] .
commercial [k7`m7:37l] (-, -).
commission [k7`m937n] 1. n 1) ;
2) ; 3) ; 2. v 1) ; 2) ()
.
commit [k7`m9t] (); ~ suicide .
committee [k7`m9t9] 1) ; 2) .
commodity [k7`m6d9t9] , .
common [`k6m7n] 1) ; ;
2) ; 3) ; in ~ ; have nothing in ~ .
commonplace [`k6m7nple9s] 1. n 1) adi ey;
2) ; ; 2. a , , .
commotion [k7`mou37n] 1) , ; 2) ().
commune [`k6mju:n] .
communicate [k7`mju:n9ke9t] 1) ,
; 2) .
165

communication
communication [k7mju:n9`ke937n] ;
.
communism [`k6mjun9zm] .
communist [`k6mjun9st] .
community [k7`mju:n9t9] 1) ; 2) ;
3) .
compact [k7m`p5kt] ; , .
companion [k7m`p5nj7n] 1) ; 2) ;
3) .
company [`k0mp7n9] 1) ; 2) , 3) ; 4) .
comparative [k7m`p5r7t9v] 1. a 1) ; 2) ; 2. n . ; ~ly .
compare [k7m`p87] .
comparsion [k7m`p5r9z7n] ; in ~
with .
compartment [k7m`pa:tm7nt] 1) ;
2) ().
compass [`k0mp7s] 1) ; 2) ;
3) pl .
compassion [k7m`p537n] ,
, ; ~ate ,
.
compatriot [k7m`p5tr97t] ; , , .
compel [k7m`pel] ,
.
compensate [`k6mpense9t] ,
.
compensation [k6mpen`se93n] 1) ;
2) ; 3) ; 4) .
compete [k7m`pi:t] 1) ; 2)
.
competence [`k6mp9t7ns] 1) ; 2) .
competent [`k6mp9t7nt] 1) , ;
2) , .
competition [k7mp9`t937n] 1) ; ; 2) .
competitor [k7m`pet9t7] 1) ; 2) .
compile [k7m`pa9l] , .
complacent [k7m`ple9s7nt] ,
.
complain [k7m`ple9n] .
complaint [k7m`ple9nt] ; .
complement [`k6mpl9m7nt] 1. n 1) , ; 2) . ; 2. v
[`k6mpl9ment] , .
166

conceit
complete [k7m`pl9:t] 1. a ; 2. v , ; ~ly .
complex [`k6mpleks] ; .
complexion [k7m`plek37n] ; of
dark ~ .
compliance [k7m`pla97ns] : in ~ with
; ... .
complicate [`k6mpl9ke9t] ,
; ; ~d
, .
compliment [`k6mpl9m7nt] 1. n ,
; 2. v [`k6mpl9ment]
; .
comply [k7m`pla9] 1) , ; 2) ().
compose [k7m`pouz] 1) (,
); ; 2) ;
~ oneself , .
composer [k7m`pouz7] .
composition [k6mp7`z937n] 1) ; ; 2) ; 3) ();
4) .
compound [k7m`paund] 1. n , ;
2. a 1) ; 2) . .
comprehension [k6mpr9`hen37n] ,
; .
comprehensive [k6mpr9`hens9v] ,
, .
compress 1. v [k6m`pres] ; ;
2. [`k6mpr7s] n . .
comprise [k7m`pra9z] ha ,
.
compromise [`k6mpr7ma9z] 1. n , , ; 2. v 1) ; 2) ,
.
compuls||ion [k7m`p0l37n] ;
~ory , .
computer [k7m`pju:t7]
, .
comrade [`k6mr9d] .
concave [`k6n`ke9v] , ;
().
conceal [k7n`s9:l] , .
concede [k7n`s9:d] 1) ;
2) .
conceit [k7n`s9:t] ; ~ed ,
; .

concentrate
concentrate [`k6nsentre9t] 1) ; 2) /.
concentration [k6nsen`tre937n] 1) ; 2) , (
); ~ camp .
conception [k7n`sep37n] 1) , ,
; 2) , .
concern [k7n`s7:n] 1. v 1) ,
; Does it ~ me? ?
He is said to have been ~ed in the crime.
. 2) , ; ~ oneself with
(in, about) , ;
~ about: Please don`t be ~ ed about me.
. 2. n
1) , , ; It is no ~ of
me. . 2) ;
3) ; ~ed 1) ; 2)
(, ) ; ~ing , .
concert [`k6ns7t] 1) ; 2) ; in
~ with , .
concession [k7n`se37n] 1) ; 2) .
.
conciliate [k7n`s9l9e9t] 1) ; ; 2) , .
concise [k7n`sa9s] , .
conclude [k7n`klu:d] 1) ; ;
2) ; 3) ; 4)
; ~ a treaty .
conclusion [k7n`klu:=n] 1) ; ; at
the ~ of his speech ;
come to the ~ ; 2) ().
conclusive [k7n`klu:z9v] , , .
concrete [`k6nkr9:t] 1. a 1) ; 2) ;
2. n .
concur [k7n`k7:] 1) ; 2)
, .
concussion [k7n`k037n] ().
condemn [k7n`dem] 1) ,
; 2) ;
~ation .
condensed [k7n`denst] , .
condescend [k7nd9`send] ,
; ~ing , .
condition [k6n`d937n] 1) , ,
2) ; 3) pl. ; ~al .

confusion
conduct [k7n`d0kt] 1) , ; ; 3)
.
conductor [k7n`d0kt7] 1) ( .); 2) .
cone [koun] 1) . ; 2) ( ).
confectioner [k7n`fek3n7] ; ~y .
confedera||cy [k7n`fed7r7s9] , ;
; ~tion , .
confederate [k7n`federe9t] 1. v
; 2. a (-, -); ;
3. n .
confer [k7n`f7:] , .
conference [`k6nf7r7ns] 1) ; 2) .
confess [k7n`fes] ,
; ~ion [k7n`fe3n] 1) ;
2) .
confide [k7n`fa9d] 1) , ;
2) ; 3)
.
confidence [`k6nf9d7ns] 1) ; 2) .
confident [`k6nf9d7nt] 1) , ;
2) .
confidential [k6nf9`den37l] 1) ; 2) .
confine [k7n`fa9n] 1) ;
2) ; ~ment , .
confirm [k7n`f7:m] ; ~ation
; .
confiscat||e [`k6nf9skeit] ;
~ion .
conflict 1. n [`k6nf9kt] , , . 2. v [k7n`fl9kt] , .
conform [k7n`f6:m] 1) ,
; 2) ; ~ity ;
in ~ity with .
confound [k7n`faund] 1) ; 2) .
confront [k7n`fr0nt] 1) - ; 2) .
confuse [k7n`fju:z] 1) , , ; 2) , .
confusion [k7n`fju:=n] 1) , ; 2) , .
167

congenial
congenial [k7n`d=9:nj7l] 1) , ; 2) .
congratulate [k7n`gr5tjule9t] .
congress [`k6ngres] , .
conjecture [k7n`d=ekt37] 1. n ,
, ; 2. v .
conjugate [`k6nd=ug9t] . .
conjugation [k6nd=u`ge937n] . ,
.
conjunction [k7n`d=02k37n] 1) ;
2) . .
conjure [`k0nd=7] ; ~r
.
connect [k7`nekt] , , .
connection [k7`nek3n] .
conquer [`k62k7] , ;
~or , ; .
conquest [`k62kwest] 1) , ; 2) .
conscience [`k6n37ns] .
conscientious [k6n39`en37s] 1) ;
; 2) , .
conscious [`k6n37s] ; ;
; be ~ of , ; ~ness
1) ; 2) ; lose ~ness ; recover ~ness , .
consecutive [k7n`sekjut9v] , .
consent [k7n`sent] 1. n ; 2. v .
consequence [`k6ns9kw7ns] 1) ;
; 2) ; it`s of no ~
. In ~ of .
consequently [`k6ns9kw7ntl9] ;
, .
conservation [k6ns7:`ve937n]
, .
conservative [k7n`s7:v7t9v] 1. a ; at a ~ estimate ; 2. n
;
.
conservatoire [k7n`s7:v7twa:] .
conserve [k7n`s7:v] , .
consider [k7n`s9d7] 1) , ;
2) , ; 3) ,
; ~ing ...
considerable [k7n`s9d7r7bl] 1) ,
; 2) , ; .
168

construction
considerate [k7n`s9d7r9t] , ,
( ).
consideration [k7ns9d7`re937n] 1) ;
2) , ; take into ~
; have ~ for others
.
consignment [k7n`sa9nment] 1)
; 2) ( ).
consist [k7n`s9st] .
consistent [k7n`s9st7nt] 1) ; 2) .
consolation [k6ns7`le937n] .
console [k7n`soul] , .
consolidate [`k7n`s6l9de9t] ().
consolidation [k7ns6l9`de937n] ;
lik.
consonant [`k6ns7n7nt] ().
conspicuous [k7n`sp9kju7s] ,
, .
conspiracy [k7n`sp9r7s9] 1) , ,
2) .
conspirator [k7n`sp9r7t7] -.
conspire [k7n`spa97] - ,
; .
constable [`k0nst7bl] (),
.
constancy [`k6nst7ns9] , ,
.
constant [`k6nst7nt] , .
constellation [k6nst7`le937n] .
( ).
constituency [k7n`st9tju7ns9] .
constituent [k7n`st9tju7nt] 1. a 1) (-,
-); 2) ; 2. n 1) ,
; 2) .
constitute [`k6nst9tju:t] 1) ,
; 2) , .
constitution [k6nst9`tju:37n] 1) ;
2) ; ~al ;
(-, -).
construct [k7n`str0kt] , ,
.
constructive [k7n`str0kt9v] 1) ; 2) , .
construction [k7n`str0kt37n] 1) ;
2) .

consult
consult [k7n`s0lt] 1) ; 2) , (, ).
consult||ation [k6ns7l`te937n] ,
(); . ;
~ing hours ; ~ing
room .
consume [k7n`sju:m] 1) ;
2) , .
consumer [k7n`sju:m7] ; ; ~ goods .
consumption I [k7n`s0mp37n] ,
, .
consumption II [k7n`s0mp37n] a
.
contact [`k6nt5kt] 1) , ;
2) .
contagious [k7n`te9d=7s] ; .
contain [k7n`te9n] 1) , ; 2) ( ).
container [k7n`te9n7] 1) ; 2) ,
.
contaminate [k7n`t5m9ne9t] 1) , ; 2) .
contemplate [`k6ntemple9t] 1) ;
2) ; .
contemporary [k7n`temp7r7r9] 1. a ;
2. n , .
contempt [k7n`tempt] ; ~ible
, .
contend [k7n`tend] 1) ;
2) ; 3) .
content [k7n`tent] 1. a , ; 2. v
.
contents [`k6ntents] pl 1) ; 2) ; .
contest 1. n [`k6ntest] , ,
; . 2. v [k7n`test] .
continent [`k6nt9n7nt] ; ~al ,
, (-, -), kontinental.
contingency [k7n`t9nd=7ns9] , .
continual [k7n`t9nju7l] 1)
; 2) ; ~ly .
continuation [k7nt9nju`e937n] 1) ;
2) .
continue [k7n`t9nju:] ;
.
continuous [k7n`t9nju7s] ,
.

convex
contraband [`k6ntr7b5nd] ,
.
contract [`k6ntr5kt] , .
contraction [k7n`tr5k37n] 1) , ; 2) , .
contradict [k6ntr7`d9kt] 1) ; 2) , ;
3) , ; ~ion 1) ;
2) .
contrary [`k6ntr7r9] 1. n ; on
the ~ ( ); 2. a (); 3. adv
, , ; act ~ to
.
contrast 1. n [`k6ntr5st] , ; ; 2. v [k7n`tr5st] - ; .
contribute [k7n`tr9bju:t] 1) ;
2) ( .); 3)
(, ).
contribution [k6ntr9`bju:37n] 1) ;
; 2) ; ~ to science ; 3) .
contrivance [k7n`tra9v7ns] 1) ; 2) ,
.
control [k7n`troul] 1. n 1) ; have
~ over one`s feelings ;
2) ; ; 2. v 1) ;
~ oneself ; 2) ;
.
controvercy [`k6ntr7v7:s9] , .
convalescence [k6nv7`lesns] , .
convene [k7n`v9:n] : ~ a conference .
convenience [k7n`v9:nj7ns] .
convenient [k7n`v9:nj7nt] 1) , ; 2) .
convention [k7n`ven37n] 1) (,
); 2) , ; 3) ;
~al 1) , ; 2) ; ~al
arms .
conversation [k6nv7`se937n] , .
conversion [k7n`v7:37n] , ; .
convert [k7n`v7:t] 1) ( );
... ; 2) ().
convex [`k6n`veks] .
169

convey
convey [k7n`ve9] 1) ();
2) (); 3) .
convict 1. v [k7n`v9kt]
; ; 2. n [`k6nv9kt]
1) ; 2) , .
conviction [k7n`v9k37n] 1) ; ;
2) . , ; 3) . .
convinc||e [k7n`v9ns] ; ~ing
.
cook [kuk] 1. v / ; 2. n
.
cool [ku:l] 1. a 1) , ; 2) ; 2. v 1) ; 2)
().
co-operate [kou`6p7re9t] ,
.
co-ordinate [kou`6:d9ne9t] ,
; .
cope [koup] ().
copper [`k6p7] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
copy [`k6p9] 1. n , , ; 2. v
1) ; ;
2) ; ~-book .
copyright [`k6p9ra9t] .
coquettish [kou`ket93] , , ,
.
coral [`k6r7l] .
cord [k6:d] 1. n , ; 2. v ,
.
cordial [`k6:d97l] , .
cork [k6:k] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v
; ~-screw ,
.
corn I [k6:n] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
.
corn II [k6:n] , .
corner [`k6:n7] 1) ; ; 2) .
corn-flower [`k6:nflau7] . .
corps [k6:] . (
).
corpse [k6:ps] , .
correct [k7`rekt] 1. a , , ;
2. v 1) ; 2) ;
~ion, , .
correspond [k6r9s`p6nd] 1) ;
2) ; ~ing ;
~ing member .
170

courage
correspondent [k6r9s`p6nd7nt] .
corridor [`k6r9d6:] , .
corroborate [k7`r6b7re9t] ,
.
corrupt [k7`r0pt] 1. v 1) , ; 2) , ;
3) (); 2. a 1) ;
2) ; 3) ; ~ion 1) ;
2) ; 3) (,
.) 4) , ; korrupsiya.
cosmic [`k6zm9k] , .
cosmodrome [`k6zm7droum] .
cosmos [`k6zm7s] , .
cost [k6st] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ,
; at all ~s, at any ~
-; 2. v (cost, cost) , ,
; The house ~ him 5000 s.
.
costume [`k6stju:m] .
cosy [`kouz9] .
cotton [`k6tn] 1) ; 2) ; ~-wool
.
couch [kaut3] , .
cough [k6f] 1. n ; 2. v .
could [kud] can .
council [`kaunsl] 1) , ();
2) .
counsel [`kauns7l] 1. n 1) , ; 2) , ; 2. v ,
; ~lor .
count [kaunt] 1. v 1) , ;
2) ; ~ on (); ~able ; 2. n , .
countenance [`kaunt9n7ns] 1) , , ;
2) .
counter [`kaunt7] .
counteract [kaunt7`r5kt] 1) ; 2) , .
countermand [kaunt7`ma:nd]
(, ).
country [`k0ntr9] 1) , , ; 2) ;
~man , , .
county [`kaunt9] .
couple [`k0pl] 1. n 1) , ; 2) -;
2. v , .
courage [`k0r9d=] , ; ~ous
[k7`re9d=7s] , , .

course
course [k6:s] 1) ; , ; the
~ of events ; 2) ,
; in the ~ of discussion
; 3) , ; He took the evil ~.
. 4)
(, , .); the main
~ (, .); of
~ .
court [k6:t] 1. n 1) (, );
2) ; 2. v
().
courteous [`k7:tj7s] 1) ; 2) .
courtesy [`k7:t9s9] 1) ; ; 2) ; visit of ~ .
courtyard [`k6:t`ja:d] .
cousin [k0zn] (, , ) .
cover [`k0v7] 1. v 1) , ;
2) ; 3) ; 2. n
1) , ; 2) .
covet [`k0v9t] , ;
~ous , , .
cow [kau] .
coward [`kau7d] , , ;
~ice ; ~ly .
crab [kr5b] , , .
crack [kr5k] 1. v 1) , ;
2) ; 2. v 1) , ;
2) .
cracker [`kr5k7] 1) ; 2) .
crackle [`kr5kl] 1) ; 2) .
cradle [`kre9dl] .
craft [kra:ft] 1) , ; 2) pe;
3) ; 4) , .
craftsman [`kra:ftsm7n] , .
cram [kr5m] 1) , ; 2) .
crane [kre9n] 1) ; 2) .
crank I [kr52k] , ( .);
, .
crank II [kr52k] .
crah [kr53] 1. n , ; 2) ,
; 3) ; 2. v 1) , ; 2) (,
s.); 3) / .
crave [kre9v] 1) , 2) .
crawl [kr6:l] , .
crazy [`kre9z9] 1) , 2) , .

criticism
creak [kr9:k] 1. n , ; 2. v , .
cream [kr9:m] 1. n ; ; 2. a
.
crease [kr9:s] , ; ; .
create [kr9:`e9t] , , .
creation [kr9:`e937n] 1) , ;
2) (, ).
creative [kr9:`e9t9v] .
creator [kr9:`e9t7] , .
creature [`kr9:t37] .
credentials [kr9`den37lz] pl 1) ;
2) .
credit [`kred9t] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
credulity [kr9`dju:l9t9] , ; .
credulous [`kredjul7s] , ;
.
creed [kr9:d] 1) , ; 2) ,
.
creep [kr9:p] (crept; crept) 1) ;
2) ; 3) - ; ~er
(); ~y 1) ; 2) .
cremate [kr9`me9t] ().
crept [krept] creep .
cresent [`kresnt] , .
crest [krest] 1) . ; 2) , ;
; ; 3) . , , .
crevice [`krev9s] , .
crew I [kru:] 1) (); 2) .
crew II [kru:] crow .
cricket I [`kr9k9t] . .
cricket II [`kr9k9t] . ( ).
crime [kra9m] .
Crimea [kra9`m97] .
criminal [`kr9m9nl] 1. a (-, -),
; ~ action ;
2. n , .
crimson [`kr9ms7n] , .
cringe [kr9nd=] , .
cripple [`kr9pl] 1. n , ; 2. v
.
crisis [`kra9s9s] 1) ; 2) ( ).
crisp [kr9sp] , ; .
critical [`kr9t9k7l] 1) ; 2) .
criticism [`kr9t9s9zm] .
171

criticize
criticize [`kr9t9sa9z] ;
.
crocodile [`kr6k7da9l] .
crook [kruk] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
, ; ~ed 1) ; 2) ,
.
crop [kr6p] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) ; 2. v (); 2) ();
( ).
cross I [kr6s] 1. n ; 2. v 1) ;
(, ); 2)
(); ~ out , ().
cross II [kr6s] .
crossing [`kr6s92] .
cross-road [`kr6sroud] ,
.
crouch [kraut3] ,
.
crow I [krou] (crowed, crew; crowed)

crow II [krou] .
crowd [kraud] 1. n ; ; 2. v 1) , ; 2) ;
~ed , .
crown [kraun] 1. n 1) ; 2) ();
3) (); 4) ; 2. v 1) ;
2) , 3) .
crucial [`kru:397l] .
crude [kru:d] 1) , , 2) .
cruel [kru7l] , , ; ~ty
; .
cruise [kru:z] 1. n ; 2. v
/.
cruiser [`kru:z7] (
).
crumb [kr0m] .
crumble [`kr0mbl] - ;
.
crumple [`kr0mpl] , ;
.
crush [kr03] 1. v , ; 2. n
, .
crust [kr0st] 1) ( .); 2) .
.
crutch [kr0t3] .
cry [kra9] 1. v 1) ; ; 2) ; 2. n , .
cub [k0b] . ().
172

cushion
cube [kju:b] .
cubic [`kju:b9k] ; ~ root . .
cuckoo [`kuku:] .
cucumber [`kju:k7mb7] .
cuff [k0f] 1) , ; 2) ,
.
culminat||e [k0lm9`ne9t] ;
~ion .
culprit [`k0lpr9t] 1) ; 2) .
cultivate [`k0lt9ve9t] 1) . ; ; 2) ().
culture [`k0lt37] ; ~d .
cumber [`k0mb7] , .
cunning [`k0n92] 1. n , ;
2. a , .
cup [k0p] 1) ; ; ; 2) .
cupboard [`k0b7d] - , .
cupidity [kju:`p9d9t9] .
curb [k7:b] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
2. v 1) , ; 2) .
.
curdle [`k7:dl] ( ).
curds [k7:dz] pl .
cure [kju7] 1. v 1) ; 2) , ; 2. n 1)
; ; ; 2) .
curious [`kju7r97s] 1) ,
; 2) ; 3) , .
curiousity [`kju7r9`6s9t9] ,
.
curl [k7:l] 1. v ; ; 2. n
; , ().
currant [`k0r7nt] 1) ; 2) .
currency [`k0r7ns9] 1) ; 2) ; 3) , .
current [`k0r7nt] 1. a 1) , ;
2) - (, ); 2. n
1) , 2) ().
curse [k7:s] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ;
2. v 1) ; 2) .
cursory [`k7:s7r9] : ~ reading .
curt [k7:t] , ( .).
curtail [k7:`te9l] , .
curtain [`k7:tn] .
curve [k7:v] 1. n , ; 2. v 1) ; ; 2) , .
cushion [`ku37n] , .

custody

dead

custody [`k0st7d9] 1) ; 2) , ; in ~ .
custom [`k0st7m] 1) ; ; 2) pl ; ~-house .
customary [`k0st7m7r9] , .
customer [`k0st7m7] 1) , ; 2) .
cut [k0t] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ;
3) ; ; 2. v 1) ; 2) ( .); 3) ;
~ off 1) ; 2)
(, .); 3) (-
); ~ short 1) ; 2) ; Cut your coat according to
your cloth. .
The child is ~ting his teeth. .
cutlet [`k0tl9t] .
cutthroat [`k0t4rout] , ; .
cutting [`k0t92] 1. n
; 2. a , ; ; ().
cybernetics [sa9b7:`net9ks] .
cycle [`sa9kl] 1) , , ; 2) .
cyclist [`sa9kl9st] .
cyclone [`sa9kloun] .
cynical [`s9n9k7l] , ; .
cypress [`sa9pr9s] .
Czeck [t3ek] .
Czechia [`t3ek97] .

Dd
dad, daddy [d5d, `d5d9] . , .
daffodil [`d5f7d9l] . .
dagger [`d5g7] , .
daily [`de9l9] 1. a 1) ; 2) ;
i; 2. adv .
dainty [`de9nt9] ; .
dairy [`d87r9] ; ~ farm .
daisy [`de9z9] . .
dam [d5m] 1. n ; ; 2. v
; ().
damage [`d5m9d=] 1. n , ; 2. v 1)
, ; 2) .
Damascus [d7`ma:sk7s] .

damn [d5mn] , ;
~able ; ~ed .
damp [d5mp] ; ; ~ness ; .
dance [da:ns] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; ; 2. v ; ~r , .
dandelion [`d5nd9la97n] . .
Dane [de9n] .
danger [`de9nd=7] ; ~ous .
dangle [`d52gl] ; .
Danish [`de9n93] ( ).
dare [d87] . I ~ say...
..; .
daring [`d87r92] 1. n , ; 2. a
, .
dark [da:k] 1) , 2) ; 3) ; ~ness , .
darling [`da:l92] 1. n , ; 2. a , .
darn [da:n] , .
dash [d53] 1. v ; ,
; 2. n .
data [`de9t7] 1) ; ; 2) .
date I [de9t] 1. n 1) (), ; 2) ; make a ~ ; out of
~ , ; up to ~
, ; 2. v ;
~ from ( , ).
date II [de9t] .
daughter [`d6:t7] (); ~ -in -law
.
daunt [d6:nt] ,
; ~less , .
daw [d6:] . , ().
dawn [d6:n] 1. n , ;
; at ~ , ; 2. v , , .
day [de9] , ; the other ~ ; ~ by ~ , -;
~light ; ~ time ; ~ off
; the ~ before yesterday
; the ~ after tomorrow
; ~break .
daze [de9z] ; ; ~d
.
dazzle [`d5zl] .
dead [ded] 1) , ; 2) ; 3) , ; ~ tired ; ~ -end
173

deaf
; ~ lock , ;
~ly , ; be ~ .
deaf [def] ; ~ in one ear ;
~-mute -; ~en ; ~ness
.
deal [d9:l] (dealt; dealt) 1. v ();
~ in ; ~ out , ; ~ with ( ), ; 2. n 1) ; a great ~ of
; 2) -, ; ~ings
, .
dean [d9:n] .
dear [d97] 1) , ; 2) .
death [de4] ; put to ~ ;
~ rate .
debase [d9`be9s] , .
debate [d9`be9t] 1. v 1) ;
2) ; 2. n 1) ;
2) .
debt [det] ; ~or ; be in ~
.
decade [`deke9d] .
decay [d9`ke9] 1. n 1) , ;
2) , ; 2. v 1) ;
2) .
deceased [d9`s9:st] (the) , ; .
deciet [d9`s9:t] 1) ; 2) ; ~ful 1) ; 2) .
decieve [d9`s9:v] , .
December [d9`semb7] .
decency [`d9:sns9] 1) , ; 2) ,
.
decent [`d9:snt] 1) , ;
2) .
deception [d9`sep37n] , .
deceptive [d9`sept9v] .
decide [d9`sa9d] , .
decimal [`des9m7l] 1. a ; 2. n
.
decipher [d9`sa9f7] .
decision [d9`s9:=n] 1) ; come to a ~ ; 2) ; 3) ; a man
of ~ .
decisive [d9`sa9s9v] 1) , ; 2) .
deck [dek] .
174

definite
declaration [dekl7`re937n] 1) ;
; 2) ( .)
declare [d9`kl87] 1) ; 2)
.
decline [d9`kla9n] 1. v 1) ,
; 2) . ; 2. n
1) , , ; 2) ; .
decompose [d9:k7m`pouz] 1) ;
2) .
decomposition [d9:k6mp7`z937n] 1) ;
2) , .
decorate [`dek7re9t] 1) ; 2) ; .
decoration [dek7`re937n] 1) ; 2)
( .).
decoy [d9`k69] 1. n , ; 2. v
.
decrease 1. v [d9:`kr9:s] , ;
2. n [`d9:kr9:s] .
decree [di`kr9:] 1. n , ; 2. v .
decrepit [d9`krep9t] 1) , ,
; 2) , .
dedicate [`ded9ke9t] , .
deduct [d9`d0kt] 1. v , (); 2. n ; ().
deed [d9:d] 1) , ; ; 2) . ,
.
deep [d9:p] ; ~en ;
~ness .
deer [d97] .
defeat [d9`f9:t] 1. v ; 2. n .
defect [d9`fekt] , , ; ~ive
, , , .
defence [d9`fens] ; ~less ,
.
defend [d9`fend] ; .
defensive [d9`fens9v] 1. n ; 2. a (-, -)
deference [`def7r7ns] , .
defiant [d9`fa97nt] .
deficiency [d9`f937ns9] , ; .
define [d9`fa9n] ,
.
definite [`def9n9t] 1) ; 2) ;
.

definition
definition [def9`n937n] , .
deform [d9`f6:m] 1) ; ; 2) ; ~ed
.
defraud [d9`fraud] ; .
deft [deft] , .
defy [d9`fa9] 1) / ;
2) - , .
degenerate [d9`d=en7re9t] 1. v ; 2. a ; 3. n
( ).
degrade [d9`gre9d] 1) ,
; ~d , ;
2) ; 3) .
degree [d9`gr9:] 1) , ; by ~s
; to a certain ~ ; 2) ; honorary
~ .
deity [`d9:9t9] 1) ; 2) ,
.
dejected [d9`d=ekt9d] ; ,
.
delay [d9`le9] 1. v 1) ; ; 2) ; 2. n 1) ;
2) .
deligate 1. v [`del9ge9t] ; 2. n [`del9g9t] .
deliberate [d9`l9b7r9t] ,
.
delicacy [`del9k7s9] 1) , ; 2) , ; 3) , .
delicate [`del9k9t] 1) ; 2) ;
3) .
delicious [d9`l937s] 1) ; 2) .
delight [d9`la9t] 1. n , ; ;
2. v , ; ; ~ful , ; .
delirious [d9`l9r97s] .
deliver [d9`l9v7] 1) ; ;
; 2) ; ();
3) ; ~ a lecture ; ~ a speech ; ~ance
; .
delivery [d9`l9v7r9] 1) , (,
); 2) .
delude [d9`lu:d] .

depict
delusion [d9`lu:=n] .
demand [d9`ma:nd] 1. v 1) ;
2) ; 2. n ; , ; in
great ~ .
demobilize [d9:`moub9la9z] .
democracy [d9`m6kr7s9] .
democratic [dem7`kr5t9k] .
demolish [d9`m6l93] , .
demon [`d9:m7n] , .
demonstrate [dem7nstre9t] 1) ,
; 2) .
demonstration [dem7ns`tre937n] 1) ; ; 2) .
demoralize [d9`m6r7la9z] 1) ; 2) , -
; ~d , .
den [den] 1) ; 2) ,
( .)
deniable [d9`na97bl] .
denial [d9`na97l] 1) ,
; 2) .
Denmark [`denma:k] .
denomination [d9n6m9`ne937n] 1) ; 2) .
denote [d9`nout] 1) ; ;
2) , .
denounce [d9`nauns] ;
.
dense [dens] , .
density [`dens9t9] 1) , ; 2) , .
dent [dent] , .
dentist [`dent9st] .
deny [`d9na9] 1) , ;
2) .
depart [d9`pa:t] , .
department [d9`pa:tm7nt] 1) ; ;
2) , ; 3) . ;
~ store .
departure [d9`pa:t37] 1) , ;
2) , .
depend [d9`pend] (on) 1) ; 2) ( ); It ~s on you.
.
dependant [d9`pend7nt] ,
.
dependence [d9`pend7ns] .
dependent [d9`pend7nt] .
depict [d9`p9kt] .
175

deplor||able
deplor||able [d9`pl6:r7bl] ; ~ / .
deposit [d9`p6z9t] 1. v 1) (
); 2) ; 2. n
1) ; 2) ; 3) , , .
depot [`depou] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
.
depraved [d9`pre9vd] 1) ;
2) .
depreciate [d9`pr9:39e9t] ; .
depreciation [d9,pr9:39`e937n] ,
.
depress [d9`pres] 1) , ; 2) , 3) ; ~ed ; ; ~ion , ;
, .
deprive [d9`pra9v] .
depth [dep4] .
deputy [`depjut9] 1) , ;
2) .
derail [d9`re9l] ,
(, ).
derange [d9`re9nd=] 1) ;
2) ().
derisive [d9`ra9s9v] 1) ; 2) .
derivation [der9`ve937n] , , .
descend [d9`send] 1) ; 2) ;
3) ; ... ; be ~ed
from ... ; ~ant .
descent [d9`sent] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ,
.
describe [d9s`kra9b] 1) ; 2) .
description [d9s`kr9p37n] .
desert [d9`z7:t] 1. v 1) ;
(); 2) ; 2. n
[`dez7t] ; 3. a , ;
~ed ; ; ~er .
deserts [d9`z7:ts] pl ; according
to one's ~ .
deserve [d9`z7:v] 1) ; 2) .
design [d9`za9n] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
3) ; 2. v 1) , ;
2) .
designate [`dez9gne9t] ,
.
desirable [d9`za97r7bl] xo, .
176

develop
desire [d9`za97] 1. n , ; 2. v .
desirous [d9`za97r7s]: be ~ .
desk [desk] , .
desolat||e [`dez7l9t] , ; ~ion ; .
despair [d9s`p87] 1. n ; 2. v .
desperat||e [`desp7r9t] , ; ~ion
.
despise [d9s`pa9z] ;
.
despite [d9s`pa9t] .
despot [`desp7t] 1) , ; 2) ; ~ic .
dessert [d9`z7:t] , .
destination [dest9`ne937n] 1) , ;
2) ; 3) ; .
destiny [`dest9n9] , , .
destitute [`destitju:t] 1) (of); 2) ; .
destroy [d9s`tr69] ,
, .
destruction [d9s`tr0k37n] , ,
; .
destructive [d9s`tr0kt9v] , .
detach [d9`t5t3] 1) ; 2) .
.
detachment [d9`t5t3m7nt] 1) ,
; 2) ().
detail [`d9:te9l] 1) , ; 2) ,
; in ~ .
detain [d9`te9n] 1) , ; 2) .
detect [d9`tekt] , .
detective [d9`tekt9v] .
deteriorate [d9`ter97re9t] , .
determination [d9t7:m9`ne937n] 1)
; 2) , , .
determine [d9`t7:m9n] 1) ;
2) , .
detest [d9`test] .
devaluation [d9:v5lju`e937n]
.
devastate [`dev7ste9t] , .
develop [d9`vel7p] 1) ();
2) ; ~ment 1) ;
2) , .

deviation
deviation [d9:v9`e937n] 1) ;
2) ; ; 3) . .
device [d9`va9s] 1) , , ;
2) , ; 3) .
devil [`dev9l] , .
devise [d9`va9z] .
devoid [d9`v69d] (of) .
devote [d9`vout] (); ~d
, .
devotion [d9`vou37n] ; ; .
devour [d9`vau7] ; .
.
devout [d9`vaut] 1) , ; 2) .
dew [dju:] .
dexterity [deks`ter9t9] , .
diagram [`da97gr5m] , .
dial [`da97l] 1. n (
); 2. v
.
dialect [`da97lekt] , , .
dialogue [`da97l7g] ( );
.
diamond [`da97m7nd] , .
diaper [`da97p7] , .
diary [`da97r9] .
dice [da9s] pl. .
dictate [d9k`te9t] 1) ; 2) , ; 3) .
dictation [d9k`te937n] .
dictatorship [d9k`te9t739p] .
dictionary [`d9k37n7r9] ; .
did [d9d] do .
die [da9] ; ~ for ; ~ out
().
diet [`da97t] , .
differ [`d9f7] 1) , ;
2) .
difference [`d9f7r7ns] 1) ; 2) ,
.
different [`d9f7r7nt] 1) , , ;
2) .
difficult [`d9f9k7lt] ; ~y ,
.
diffidence [`d9f9d7ns] ,
.
diffident [`d9f9d7nt] ,
.
dig [d9g] (dug; dug) (); ~ out
.

disappear
digest I [d9`d=est] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; ~ion ,
.
digest II [`da9d=9st] .
dignified [`d9gn9fa9d] , .
dignity [`d9gn9t9] 1) ; ;
2) , .
digress [`da9gres] (from) ().
dilapidated [d9`l5p9de9t9d] ;
.
dilemma [d9`lem7] ,
.
diligence [`d9l9d=7ns] , .
diligent [`d9l9d=7nt] , .
dill [d9l] . .
dilute [da9`lju:t] ; .
dim [d9m] 1) , ; 2) ;
3) ().
dimension [d9`men37n] .
diminish [d9`m9n93] 1) ; 2) .
dimple [`d9mpl] .
dine [da9n] .
dining-car [`da9n92ka:] - .
dining-room [`da9n92rum] .
dinner [`d9n7] ; have ~ ;
~ party .
dip [d9p] 1. v , (); ~ the
flag ; 2. n : have a
~ .
diplomacy [d9`ploum7s9] .
diplomat [`d9pl7m5t] ; ~ic .
direct [d9`rekt] 1. a 1) , ; 2) .
; 2. v 1) ; 2)
; 3) ; ~ion 1) ;
2) ; ; 3) ; ~ly ;
; ~or 1) , ; board of
~ors ; 2) () .
dirt [d7:t] 1. n , ; ; ~y 1) ,
; 2) .
disabled [d9s`e9bld] 1) ; 2) ; .
disadvantage [d9s7d`va:nt9d=] , ;
; ~ous .
disagree [d9s7`gr9:] ,
( s.).
disagreeable [d9s7`gr97bl] .
disappear [d9s7`p97] 1) ; 2) ; ~ance ; .
177

disappoint
disappoint [d9s7`p69nt] , .
disappointment [d9s7`p69ntment] .
disapproval [d9s7`pru:v7l] ,
.
disapprove [d9s7`pru:v] k,
.
disarm [d9s`a:m] ; ~ament
.
disast||er [d9`za:st7] , ; ~rous
; .
disband [d9s`b5nd] ,
().
disc [d9sk] , .
discern [d9`s7:n] , .
discharge [d9s`t3a:d=] 1. v 1)
(); 2) ; 3)
(); 4) ; 2. n 1) ;
2) .
disciple [d9`sa9pl] , .
discipline [`d9s9pl9n] -.
disclose [d9s`klous] 1) ; 2)
.
discomfort [d9s`k0mf7t] , .
disconnect [`d9sk7`nekt] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
discontent [`d9sk7n`tent] ; ~ed .
discord [`d9sk6:d] 1) ; ; 2) .
.
discount [d9s`kaunt] 1)
; 2) ; ~enance
1) , 2) .
discourage [d9s`k0r9d=] 1) ; ; 2) .
discourse [d9s`k6:s] 1) ;
2) .
discover [d9s`k0v7] ; .
discovery [d9s`k0v7r9] 1) , ; 2) .
discredit [d9s`kred9t] ,
.
discrepancy [d9s`krep7ns9] 1) ; ; ; 2) .
discretion [d9s`kre37n] , ; .
At your ~ .
discriminate [d9s`kr9m9ne9t] 1) -
, ; 2) .
discrimination [d9s,kr9m9`ne937n] 1) ; 2) .
178

disorder
discuss [d9s`k0s] .
discussion [d9s`k037n] .
disdain [d9s`de9n] 1. v 1) ,
; 2) ; 2. n
1) , ; 2) .
disease [d9`z9:z] .
disfigure [d9s`f9g7] ;
, .
disgrace [d9s`gre9s] 1. v 1) ;
2) ; ; 2. n
; , .
disguise [d9s`ga9z] 1. v 1) , ; 2) ;
2. n , ; . .
disgust [d9s`g0st] 1. n ; 2. v
; ; ~ing .
dish [d93] 1) , ; 2) ; 3) pl
-.
dishevelled [d9`37v7ld] ; .
dishonest [d9s`6n9st] 1) , ;
2) .
dishonour [d9s`6n7] 1. n , , ; ~able , ;
2. v 1) ; 2) , .
disillusion [d9s9`lu:=n] 1. v ,
; 2. n 1) , ; 2) .
disinherit [d9s9n`her9t]
.
disinterested [d9s`9ntr9st9d] 1)
, ; 2) .
.
dislike [d9s`la9k] 1. n ,
; 2. v , .
dismal [`d9zm7l] 1) , ;
; 2) .
dismantle [d9s`m5ntl] ().
dismay [d9s`me9] 1. n , ; 2. v
, ; .
dismiss [d9s`m9s] 1) ; 2) (, ).
dismount [d9s`maunt] 1) / ; 2) ( .).
disobey [`d9s7`be9] , .
disorder [d9s`6:d7] 1) , ; 2) pl. , .

dispatch
dispatch [d9s`p5t3] 1. v ,
; 2. n ; , .
dispense [d9s`pens] ; ~ with
.
disperse [d9s`p7:s] ; ,
.
displace [d9s`ple9s] , ; ~d person
.
display [d9s`ple9] 1. n 1) ;
2) ; 2. v 1) , ; 2) ; .
displease [d9s`pl9:z] ,
; ~d ; be ~d .
displeasure [d9s`ple=7] 1) ; 2) ; .
disposal [d9s`pouz7l] : at my ~ .
dispose [d9s`pouz] ,
.
disposition [d9sp7`z937n] ,
().
dispossess [`d9sp7`zes] (
).
dispute [d9s`pju:t] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v 1) ; 2)
.
disregard [`d9sr9`ga:d] 1. v ,
; 2. n , .
dissemble [d9`sembl] 1) ; 2) .
dissension [d9`sen3n] 1) ; 2) .
dissertation [d9s7:`te937n] .
dissimilar [`d9`s9m9l7] , ,
.
dissolve [d9`z6lv] 1) , ;
; 2) ; 3) ; ().
distan||ce [`d9st7ns] , ; ~t
1) .
distinct [`d9st92kt] , ; ~ion 1) ; ; 2) .
distinguish [d9s`t92gw93] , , ; ~ed 1) ;
2) .
distract [d9s`tr5kt]
(, ); ; ~ed , ; ~ion .

dock II
distress [d9s`tres] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
3) ; 2. v 1) ; 2)
.
distribute [d9s`tr9bju:t] 1) ;
; 2) .
distribution [d9str9`bju:37n] 1) ;
; 2) .
district [`d9str9kt] 1) , ; 2) .
; 3) .
distrust [d9s`tr0st] 1. n , ;
2. v .
disturb [d9s`t7:b] 1) , ; 2) .
dive [da9v] 1. v 1) ; 2) ; 2. n .
diver [`da9v7] .
diverse [da9`v7:s] 1) ; 2) ,
.
diversion [da9`v7:37n] 1) ;
2) ; 3) . .
diversity [da9`v7:s9t9] 1) ; 2) .
divert [da9`v7:t] 1) ;
2) .
divide [d9`va9d] 1) ; ; 2) , .
division [d9`v9=7n] 1) , ; 2) ,
; 3) . .
divorce [d9`v6:s] 1. n , ;
2. v ; .
dizz||iness ; ~y ; I am ~y .
do [du:] (did; done) 1) , ;
; ~ one`s bed /
; ~ a room ;
~ one`s hair ; 2)
:
Do you know English? ? Didn`t you go there? ? I don`t speak German.
. 3) ; ~ come to our place. . I ~ believe. . ~ without ;
That will ~! , , !
How ~ you ~! !
dock I [d6k] .
dock II [d6k] . (
); ; ~er .
179

doctor
doctor [`d6kt7] , ; ~ate .
document [`d6kjum7nt] , ,
.
documentary [d6kju`ment7r9] 1. a ; ; 2. n .
dog [d6g] ; go to the ~s ;
~ days pl. ; ~ged ,
; hot ~ . .
dogma [`d6gm7] , ; ~tic ,
he .
dole [doul] 1) ; 2) ; ; ~ful
, .
doll [d6l] , ().
dome [doum] , .
domestic [d6`mest9k] 1) ; 2) ;
3) ; 4) ; ~ animals .
dominant [`d6m9n7nt] .
dominate [`d6m9ne9t] 1) ,
; 2) ,
.
donkey [`d62k9] .
doom [du:m] 1. n , , ; 2. v
.
door [d6:] ; next ~ ;
; ~keeper ; ~way .
dot [d6t] 1. n ; 2. v .
double [`d0bl] 1. n ; ; ~-faced ; 2. v , .
doubt [daut] 1. n ; beyond ~, no
~ ; make ~ ; 2. v
; ~ful 1) ; 2) ; ~less .
down I [daun] 1) ; 2) ; up side
~ -; ~-hearted ; ~hill
; ~stairs aa ;
~ward .
down II [daun] 1) ; 2) ();
~y .
douche [du:3] .
dough [dou] .
dove [d0v] . .
doze [douz] .
dozen [d0zn] ( ).
drag [dr5g] ; .
dragon [`dr5g7n] .
drain [dre9n] 1. v 1) , ;
2) (); 3) (
.); 2. n pl .
180

droop
drake [dre9k] . ; .
drama [`dra:m7] ; ~tic ;
.
drank [dr5nk] drink .
drapery [`dre9p7r9] 1) , ;
2) ; 3) .
drastic [`dr5st9k] , ; ~ measures
; ~ remedy .
draught [dra:ft] 1) , ;
2) .
draughts [dra:fts] .
draw [dr6:] 1. v (drew, drawn) 1) ;
; ~ near ; 2)
; 3) ; 2. n ;T match ended in a ~.
- .
drawer [dr6:] ().
drawers [dr6:z] pl. .
drawing [dr6:92] ; ~-room .
dread [dred] 1. v ; 2. n ,
; ~ful ; , .
dream [dri:m] 1. n 1) ; 2) , ;
2. v (dreamt; dreamt) 1)
(about); 2) (of).
dreary [`dr97r9] , ; .
dress [dres] 1. n , ; 2. v 1) ; 2) ().
dressing-gown [`dres92gaun] .
dressing-table [`dres92te9bl] .
dress-maker [`dresme9k7] .
drew [dru:] draw .
dried [dra9d] , .
drift [dr9ft] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 3)
; 2. v ; .
drill [dr9l] 1. n 1) ; ; 2. v ( ); 2) (.)
drink [`dr92k] 1. v (drank; drunk) ;
2. n ; have a ~ ; ~able ;
~ing water .
drip [dr9p] , ; .
drive [dra9v] 1. v (drove; dr9ven) 1)
(); 2) ; 3) ;
( .); ~ mad, ~ crazy
; ~ in () ; 2. n
(, ); ~r ; .
driving [dra9v92] ; ; ~ing
license ; ~ing school .
droop [dru:p] 1) , (
.) : 2) ; 3) .

drop
drop [dr6p] 1. n 1) , ; by ~s
-; 2) , (,
.); 2. v 1) ; ; 2) ; 3) ,
; 4) ; ~ in
; .
drought [draut] 1) ; 2) .
drown [draun] (); be ~ed
.
drug [dr0g] 1) ; ; 2)
; ~gist 1) ; 2) ;
; ~ store . .
drum [dr0m] 1. n ; 2. v .
drunk [dr02k] 1. v drink
; 2. a , .
drunkard [`dr02k7d] a.
drunkenness [`dr02k7n9s] , .
dry [dra9] 1. a ; ; ~ cleaning ; 2. v 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
dubious [`dju:b97s] .
duchess [`d0t39s] (
).
duck [d0k] ; ~ling .
due [dju:] 1) ; 2)
; 3) ; ~ to - ; in ~ time
, .
dues [dju:z] pl 1) ; 2) .
dug [d0g] dig .
dull [d0l] 1) ; ; 2) ; 3) ; 3) ,
(); 5) ().
dumb [d0m] 1) ; 2) -.
dung [d02] 1. n ; ; 2. v .
dungeon [`d0nd=7n] ();
.
dupe [dju:p] 1. n 1) ; 2) ,
; 2. v , .
duplicate 1. n [`dju:pl9k9t] , ; 2. v
[`dju:pl9ke9t] .
durable [`dju7r7bl] , .
duration [dju7`re937n] .
during [`dju7r92] , .
dusk [d0sk] , ,
.

east
dust [d0st] 1. n ; 2. v ,
; ~er ; ~y .
Dutch [d0t3] 1. a (-, -); 2. n
the ~ ; ~man ();
~woman holland ().
duty [`dju:t9] 1) , ; on ~ ,
; 2) , ; pay
~ ; ~ free ; .
dwarf [dw6:f] 1) ; 2) . .
dwell [dwel] (dwelt; dwelt) 1) ,
( ); 2) ( ); ~ing , .
dye [da9] 1. n , ; 2. v ; ~r
; ~ -works .
dynasty [`d9n7st9] , .
dysentery [`d9sntr9] . , .

Ee
each [9:t3] , ; ~ other -,
-.
eager [`i:g7] : be ~ to , ; ~ness , ; .
eagle [`9:gl] ; .
ear I [97] ; ~-ring .
ear II [97] .
early [`7:l9] 1) , ; 2) ;
~ man ; ~ in the morning
; as ~ as 1200 1200-i
; ~ days .
earn [7:n] 1) ; 2) .
earnest [`7:n7st] 1) ; 2) , ;
; in ~ , .
earnings [`7:n92z] pl. , .
earth [7:4] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ;
What on ~ is the matter?
? ~ly .
earthquake [`7:4kwe9k] .
earthworm [`7:4w6:m] .
ease [i:z] 1) , 2) ; at ~ ; feel ill at ~ .
easily [`9:z9l9] , ; .
east [i:st] ; the Near East .
Easter [`9:st7] .
181

eastern
eastern [`9:st7n] ; (-, -).
easy [`9:z9] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ;
Take it ~! . . ~chair ; ~-going ,
; ~coat ; ~ conscience
; ~ money ; ~ path ;~terms .
eat [9:t] (ate; eaten) ; ~ up ; ~able ; poor ~r ,
.
ebb [eb] 1. n ; 2. v , .
echo [`ekou] 1. n 1)-, 2) ;
2. v ; .
eclipes [`9kl9ps] 1. n ,
; 2. v ;
.
economic [9:k7`n6m9k] ; ~ crisis ; ~al .
economics [9:k7`n6m9ks] ;
.
economy [9:`k6n7m9] 1) ; 2)
; political ~ .
edge [ed=] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
edible [`ed9bl] , .
edit [`ed9t] ; ;
~ion , ; ~or ; ~orial
.
educate [`edju:ke9t] ;
, ; ~d , .
education [edju:`ke937n] , .
eel [9:l] . .
effect [9`fekt] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v
; ~ive .
effects [9`fekts] pl. , .
efficacious [ef9`ke937s] 1) ; 2) ,
, .
efficiency[9`f937ns9] 1);;2).
efficient [9`f937nt] 1) ; 2) .
effort [`ef7t] , , ; make an
~ .
egg [eg] ; hard boiled ~ ; ~ shell .
ego||ism [`egou9z7m] , ;
~ist , .
Egyptian [9`d=9p37n] 1. a (-, -); 2. n
.
182

emancipat||e
eight [e9t] .
eighteen [e9`t9:n] ; ~th [-4] .
eighth [e9t4] .
eightieth [`e9t94] .
eighty [`e9t9] .
either [`a917] 1) ; 2) ;
~ ... or ... ...
elaborate [9`l5b7r9t] ;
; ~ explanation .
elapse [9`l5ps] , ( ).
elastic [9`l5st9k] 1. a ; 2. n
().
elbow [`elbou] 1. n ; 2. v .
elder [`eld7] () ; my
~ son ; ~ly ().
eldest [`eld7st] , (
).
elect [9`lekt] ; ~ion ; general ~ion ; ~or .
electric(al) [`9`lektr9k] ; ~ light ; ~ engineering .
electricity [9lek`tr9s9t9] n .
electrification [9lektr9f9`ke937n] ().
electrify [9`lektr9fa9] .
electrocution [9lektr7`kju:37n] .
elegant [`el9g7nt] ; .
element [`el9m7nt] 1) e, ; 2) ~s
( .).
elementary [el9`ment7r9] 1) , , ; 2) ; ~ school .
elephant [`el9f7nt] .
elevate [`el9ve9t] 1) ; ;
; 2) .
eleven [9`levn] ; ~th .
eliminate [9`l9m9ne9t] , , .
elk [elk] . .
elm [elm] . .
eloquen||ce [`el7kw7ns] ,
, ; ~t 1) ; 2) , .
else [els] ; ; ; What ~?
? Who ~? ? somebody ~
; ~where .
emancipat||e [9`m5ns9pe9t] ;
~ion 1) , ; 2) .

embankment
embankment [9m`b52km7nt] 1) ,
(); 2) .
embargo [em`ba:gou] (
); empose ~ .
embark [9m`ba:k] ; ~ upon / .
embarrass [9m`b5r7s] ; .
embarrassment [9m`b5r7sm7nt] 1) ;
2) .
embassy [`emb7s9] .
embezzle [9m`bezl] ; , ( ).
embezzlement [9m`bezlm7nt] ,
.
emblem [`embl7m] , ; .
embody [9m`b6d9] ; .
embodiment [9m`b6d9m7nt] .
embrace [9m`bre9s] 1. v 1) ;
2) ; 2. n , .
embroider [9m`br69d7] 1) ;
2) ; ~y , .
embryo [`embr9ou] . , .
emend [9:`mend] , ( .).
emerald [`em7r7ld] .
emerge [9`m7:d=] , , ; (, ); ~nce / ;
.
emergency [9`m7:d=7ns9] ; ; in case of ~
; introduce the state of ~
; ~ exit / ; ~ landing (); ~ ambulance .
emigrant [`em9gr7nt] 1) , ;
2) .
emigrate [`em9gre9t] 1) ; 2) .
emigration [em9`gre937n] ; .
eminence [`em9n7ns] 1) , 2) .
eminent [`em9n7nt] 1) ; 2) .
emotion [9`mou37n] , .
emperor [`emp7r7] .
emphasis [`emf7s9s] 1) ; 2) .

enforce
emphasize [`emf7sa9z] 1) ;
; 2)
.
emphatic [9m`f5t9k] 1) ;
; 2) .
empire [`empa97] .
employ [9m`pl69] 1) , ;
2) ; .
employee [empl6`9:] , .
employer [9m`pl697] , ,
.
employment [9m`pl69m7nt] , ; .
empower [9m`pau7] .
empty [`empt9] 1. a 1) ; 2) ; 2. v
.
emulation [emju`le937n] 1) ; 2) .
enable [9`ne9bl] ( ); .
enamel [9`n5m7l] 1. n ; ; 2. v , .
encamp [9n`k5mp] .
encircle [9n`s7:kl] ; .
enclose [9n`klouz] 1) , ; 2) .
encounter [9n`kaunt7] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v 1) ; 2) ;
.
encourage [9n`k0r9d=] 1) ;
2) .
end [end] 1. n , ; 2. v ,
, ; in the ~ , .
endanger [9n`de9nd=7] .
endeavour [9n`dev7] 1. v , , ; 2. n , , .
ending [`end92] 1) ; 2) . .
endless [`endl9s] , .
endow [9n`dau] .
endurance [9n`dju7r7ns] 1) ;
2) .
enemy [`enem9] , .
energetic [`en7`d=et9k] , .
energy [`en7d=9] 1) ; 2) ; .
enfeeble [9n`f9:bl] .
enforce [9n`f6:s] 1) ;
2) , ; ; 2) .
183

engage
engage [9n`ge9d=] 1) ; 2) (, ); 3) ;
~ seats at the theatre ;
~ in politics ; be
~d 1) ; 2) ; the
line is ~d ;
; ~ment 1) , 2) ;
( ). 3) ; ~ment ring .
engine [`end=9n] 1) , , 2) ; ~ driver .
engineer [end=9`n97] 1) ; ;
2) . .
engineering [end=9`n97r92g] 1) ;
2) .
England [`92gl5nd] .
English [`92gl93] 1. a ; 2. n 1) the ~ ; 2) , .
Englishman [`92gl93m7n] ().
Englishwoman [`92gl93 `wum7n]
().
engrave [9n`gre9v] , ;
; ~r , .
enjoy [9n`d=69] 1) , ,
, 2) (,
); ~ equal rights
; ~ment 1) , ,
; 2) (, ).
enlarge [9n`la:d=] 1) ; 2) , ().
enlighten [9n`la9tn] ; ~ed
, .
enlist [9n`l9st] 1) ,
; 2) .
enmity [`enm9t9] .
enormous [9`n6:m7s] ; .
enough [9`n0f] ; ;
Have you ~ money? ? Is that
~? ? ? Have you had ~ to
eat? ? That's ~! !
enrage [9n`re9d=] .
enrich [9n`r9t3] .
enrol [9n`roul] 1) ; 2) .
ensign [`ensa9n] 1) , ; 2) , .
enslave [9n`sle9v] ,
; .
ensure [9n`3u7] ( );
.
184

equip
entangle [9n`t52gl] , .
enter [`ent7] 1) , ; 2)
(, ); ~ into
( .).
enterprise [`ent7pra9z] 1) ; 2) , .
enterprising [`ent7pra9z92] , .
entertain [ent7`te9n] ;
; ~ment 1) ; 2) .
enthrone [9n`4roun] .
enthusiasm [9n`4ju:z97zm] , ; , .
enthusiastic [in4ju:z9`5st9k] , ; .
entice [9n`ta9s] ; .
entire [9n`ta97] , ; ~ly ,
.
entitle [9n`ta9tl] 1) ; 2)
; be ~d (to) .
entrance [`entr7ns] .
entreat [9n`tr9:t] ,
; ~y ; .
entry [`entr9] 1) ; 2) ( .); 3) (); 4) , .
enumerate [9`nju:m7re9t] - ;
.
envelop [9n`vel7p] , ;
.
envelope [`env9loup] .
envious [`env97s] .
environment [9n`va97r7nm7nt] , .
envy [`env9] 1. n , ; ; 2. v
, .
epic [`ep9k] .
epidemic [ep9`dem9k] 1. a ; 2. n
.
epilepsy [`ep9leps9] tib. , ().
episode [`ep9soud] , .
epoch [`9:p6k] , ; ~-making
.
equal [`9:kw7l] 1. a ; 2. v be ~ ; ~ity [9:`kw6l9t9] ;
~ize .
equator [9`kwe9t7] . .
equip [9`kw9p] ; ~ment 1) , ; 2) ().

equitable
equitable [`ekw9t9bl] ; ;
, .
equivalent [9`kw9v7l7nt] , , ; be ~ to
.
era [`97r7] , .
eradicate [9`r5d9ke9t] .
erase [9`re9z] (); ~r .
erect [9`rekt] 1. v , , ; (); 2. a , .
erotic [9`r6t9k] , .
err [7:] , ; to ~ is human
.
errand [`er7nd] ; .
erronous [9`rounj7s] , , .
error [`er7] , .
erupt [9`r0pt] ; .
eruption [9`r0p37n] ; .
escape [9s`ke9p] 1. v 1) ;
; 2) ; 2. n ;
.
escort 1. n [`esk6:t] , ;
2. v [9s`k6:t] .
especially [9s`pe37l9] .
essay [`ese9] , .
essence [`esns] 1) ; ; ;
2) , .
essential [9`sen37l] ; ;
~ly .
establish [9s`t5bl93] , ,
; ~ment ; .
estate [9s`te9t] 1) ; 2) ; real
~ .
esteem [9s`t9:m] 1. v , ;
2. n .
estimate 1. v [`est9me9t] ,
; 2. n [`est9m9t] .
etc [9t`setr7] (et cetera) , .
eternal [9:`t7:n7l] .
eternity [9:`t7:n9t9] .
ether [`9:47] .
ethical [`e49k7l] , .
Ethiopia [i:49`oupj7] ; ;
~n , .
Europe [`ju7r7p] ; ~an ;
(-, -).
evacuate [9`v5kjue9t] ,
, .
evaluate [9`v5ljue9t] .

excel
evaporat||e [9`v5p7re9t] ; ; ~ion ;
.
eve [9:v] ; on the ~ .
even I [`9:v7n] 1) ; ; 2) ();
~ number .
even II [`9:v7n] , ; ; ~ if,
~ though , ; .
evening [`9:vn92] ; ~ party ;
Good ~! !
event [9`vent] ; at all ~s ;
~ful , .
eventually [9`ventju7l9] ; .
ever [`ev7] , ; for ~ , ; ~ since - ; ~lasting
, .
every [`evr9] , ; ~ now and then
-; ~ other day ; ~body
; ~day ; ~thing ; ~where
, .
evidence [`ev9d7ns] 1) , ; 2) .
.
evidently [`ev9d7ntl9] ; .
evil [`ev9l] 1. a , ; 2. n , , .
evoke [9`vouk] (, .).
exact [9g`z5kt] , ; ~ly , ,
.
exaggerat||e [9g`z5d=7re9t] ;
~ion , .
exalt [9g`z6:lt] , ; ~ation ; .
examination [9gz5m9`ne937n] 1) ;
2) ; .
examine [9g`z5m9n] 1) ;
2) , ; 3)
.
example [9g`za:mpl] , ; for
~ .
exasperation [9g`za:sp7`re937n] ; .
excavate [`eksk7ve9t] , .
excavator [`eksk7ve9t7] .
exceed [9k`s9:d] 1) , ( ); 2) , .
exceedingly [9k`s9:d92gl9] , .
excel [9k`sel] 1) ; 2) .
185

excellent
excellent [`eks7l7nt] , ,
.
except [9k`sept] ; ~ him
; ~ing ; ~ion ;
~ional , .
excess [9k`ses] , ; ~ive ,
.
exchange [9ks`t3e9nd=] 1. n 1) ,
; 2) stock ~ ; 2. v ; .
excite [9k`sa9t] ,
; ~ment , .
exclaim [9ks`kle9m] , .
exclamation [ekskl7`me937n] .
exclude [9ks`klu:d] 1) ,
; 2) ; .
exclusive [9ks`klu:s9v] ; ~ privilege
.
excursion [9ks`k7:37n] , .
excuse 1. n [9ks`kju:s] 1) ; 2)
; 2. v [9ks`kjuz] ,
; ~ me .
execute [`eks9kju:t] 1) ;
; 2) .
execution [eks9`kju:37n] 1) ,
; 2) .
executive [9g`zekjut9v] ; Executive
Committee .
exercise [`eks7sa9z] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
take ~s, get ~ ,
; 2. v ,
.
exert [9g`z7:t] ;
~ oneself ; ~ pressure on
smb. ; ~ion ; ~ion of authority .
exhaust [9g`z6:st] ; ; ; ~ one's patience
; ~ oneself by hard work
( ); ~ a subject ;
~ion , ; ;
~ed , .
exhibit [9g`z9b9t] 1. v 1) ;
2) ; 2. n ; ~ion
.
exhort [9g`z6:t] , ; ; ~ation , .
186

expose
exile [9g`za9l] 1. n ; be sent into
~ ; 2. v ,
.
exist [9g`z9st] , ; ; ~ence , ; .
exit [`eks9t] , .
expand [9ks`p5nd] 1) ; ; 2) , ; 3)
().
expansion [9ks`p5n37n] 1) ; 2) .
.
expatriate [eks`p5tr9e9t] ,
.
expect [9ks`pekt] , ;
~ation .
expedition [eksp9`d937n] .
expel [9ks`pel] , .
expenditure [9ks`pend9t37] ,
, .
expense [9ks`pens] , ; at smb's
~s .
expensive [9ks`pens9v] .
experience [9ks`p97r97ns] 1. n 1) ;
2) ; 2. v , ( ); ~d ;
.
experiment 1. n [9ks`per9m7nt] ,
; 2. v [9ks`per9ment] ; .
expert [`eksp7:t] 1. a , ; 2. n
, , .
expire [9ks`pa97] , ().
explain [9ks`ple9n] ; .
explanation [ekspl7`ne937n] , .
explicit [9ks`pl9s9t] , ; ;
.
explode [9ks`ploud] ; .
exploit I [9ks`pl69t] 1) ;
2) .
exploit II [`ekspl69t] 1) ,
; 2) .
explore [9ks`pl6:] ;
; ~r .
explosion [9ks`plou=n] .
explosive [9ks`plous9v] 1. a ; 2. n
.
export 1. v [eks`p6:t] ; 2. n
[`eksp6:t] , .
expose [9ks`pouz] 1) ;
2) ; 3) .

express I
express I [9ks`pres] 1. v ; 2. a
.
express II [9ks`pres] 1) tcili; 2) srtli;
~ train srt qatar.
expression [9ks`pre37n] 1) ; 2)
; .
expressive [9ks`pres9v] 1) ,
; 2) , .
expropriat||e [eks`proupr9e9t] ,
; ~ion .
extend [9ks`tend] 1) , ; 2) , ().
extensive [9ks`tens9v] , .
extent [9ks`tent] ; to a certain ~
.
extention [9ks`ten37n] 1) ; ; 2) .
extenuating [eks`tenjue9t92] : ~ circumstances () .
exterior [eks`t97r97] 1. a , ; 2. n
(), .
external [eks`t7:nl] , .
extinct [9ks`t92kt] 1) ();
2) , .
extinguish [9ks`t92gw93] .
extort [9ks`t6:t] 1) ; 2) ;
(, ); ~ion
().
extra [`ekstr7] 1) ; 2) ;
3) ; ~ordinary -.
extract 1. v [9ks`tr5kt] ; ;
2. n [`ekstr5ct] 1) ; ;
2) , ().
extraordinary [9ks`tr6:dnr9] 1) ;
2) -.
extravagant [9ks`tr5v9g7nt] 1) ;
2) ; 3) -, .
extreme [9ks`tr9:m] 1. a ; ;
2. n ; .
extremity [9ks`trem9t9] 1) ; 2)
; 3) pl. (, ).
exult [9g`z0lt] (at) ; ~ation , , .
eye [a9] 1. n ; ~brow ; ~lash ;
~lid ; ~sight ;
~-witness , ;
2. v ().

fallen

Ff
fable [`fe9bl] .
fabric [`f5br9k] , .
fabricate [`f5br9ke9t] 1) , ; 2) .
fabrication [`f5br9`ke937n] .
fabulous [`f5bjul7s] , .
face [fe9s] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ; 2. v
1) (); 2) ; the problem that ~s us
.
facetious [f7`s9:37s] 1) ; 2) ,
, .
facility [f7`s9l9t9] 1) , ; 2) pl.
, .
fact [f5kt] , ; in ~ ;
.
faction [`f5k37n] .
factory [`f5kt7r9] , .
faculty [`f5k7lt9] 1) , ;
2) .
fade [fe9d] , .
fail [fe9l] 1) ;
(); 2) ();
3) (); 4) .
failure [`fe9lj7] 1) ,
; 2) ; 3) .
faint [fe9nt] 1. a ; 2. v .
fair I [f87] , .
fair II [f87] 1. a 1) (); 2) ; , ; 3) , ;
~-haired ; ; ~ complextion
; 2. adv , ; ~ly well
; ~ness , .
fairy-tale [`f87r9te9l] () .
faith [fe94] , ; ; ~ful ,
; ~less 1) , ; 2) .
falcon [`f6:lk7n] .
fall [f6:l] 1. v (fell; fallen) 1) ; ; 2) ; 3) (,
); 4) (); 5)
(); ~ asleep ;
~ in love , .
fallacious [f7`le937s] .
fallen [`f6:l7n] fall
.
187

false
false [f6:ls] 1) ; 2) ; ;
~ teeth ; ~hood ; .
falsify [`f6:ls9fa9] ; .
falter [`f6:lt7] 1) ; 2) .
fame [fe9m] ; .
familiar [f7`m9l97] 1) ; 2) ; ~ity , .
family [`f5m9l9] 1) ; ; 2) .
famine [`f5m9n] , , .
famous [`fe9m7s] , .
fan I [f5n] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
2. v .
fan II [f5n] . 1) (); 2) ( ).
fancy [`f5ns9] 1. n 1) ; ; ; ~ful ; 2) ; take
a ~ to , ; 2. a
1) ; ~ dress ;
3. v 1) , ; 2) ; ~ her saying that
! Just ~ ! ! !
fantastic [f7n`t5st9k] 1) ; ; ; 2) .
far [fa:] , ; as ~ as ;
so ~ ; ~ off .
fare [f87] ,
(, ).
farewell [`f87`wel] 1. n ; 2. int
; ; ~ party
.
farm [fa:m] 1. n 1) (); 2)
; 2. v
; ~er .
far-sighted [`fa:sa9t9d] ;
.
farther [`fa:17] ; ~ on .
fasinate [`f5s9ne9t] ,
.
fashion [`f537n] 1) ; ; 2) ,
; ~able , ;
old ~ed ; .
fast I [fa:st] 1. n ; ; 2. v
, .
fast II [fa:st] 1) , , ; be ~ (); 2) , ;
~ asleep .
fasten [fa:sn] , ;
, .
fat [f5t] 1. n , ; 2. a ().
188

female
fatal [`fe9tl] 1) , ; 2) ;
; ~ism (,
); ~ist (
).
fate [fe9t] , ; .
father [`fa:17] ; ~-in-law ; ~land
.
fatigue [f7`t9:g] 1. n ; 2. v ,
; , .
fault [f6:lt] 1) , , , ;
2) ; ; find ~ with
; ; ~less , ; ~y 1) , ; 2) .
favour [`fe9v7] 1) ; , ;
2) ; in ~ of , ; ~able
1) ; 2) ; ~ite
, .
fear [f97] 1. n ; 2. v ; ~less
.
feast [f9:st] 1. n , ; 2. v
-.
feather [`fe17] 1. n ; 2. v 1) ; 2) .
feature [`f9:t37] 1. n 1) ; ;
2) pl ; 2. v ;
; ~ film .
February [`febru7r9] .
federa||l [`fed7r7l] , ; ~tion
, .
fee [f9:] (, .
).
feeble [`f9:bl] .
feed [f9:d] (fed; fed) 1) ; ; 2) ; .
feel [f9:l] (felt; felt) 1) , ;
2) ( ); ~ fine/ bad
/ ; ~ing 1) ;
2) , .
feet [f9:t] .
feign [fe9n] , .
felicity [f9`l9s9t9] , .
fell I [fel] , ().
fell II [fel] fall .
fellow [`felou] 1) , ; 2) ,
; poor ~ ; ; ~ship ; ~-traveller .
felt I [felt] .
felt II [felt] feel .
female [`f9:me9l] 1. a ; 2. n
.

feminine
feminine [`fem9n9n] . .
fence [fens] 1. n , ; 2. v
, .
ferment [`f7:m7nt] 1. n , ;
; 2. v (, ).
ferocious [f7`rou37s] , .
ferry [`fer9] 1. n ; 2. v
( ).
fertile [`f7:ta9l] , , .
fertility [f7:`t9l9t9] .
fertilize [`f7:t9la9z] /
; ; ~r .
fervent [`f7:v7nt] ; ; .
festival [`fest7v7l] 1) ; 2) ;
3) .
fetch [fet3] 1) ; 2)
.
fetter [`fet7] 1. n , ; 2. v , .
feudal [`fju:d7l] ; ~ism .
fever [`f9:v7] . , ; ~ish
, .
few [fju:] ; a ~ .
fiance [f9`a:nse9] ().
fiancee [f9`a:nse9] ().
fibre [`fa9b7] , .
fibrous [`fa9br7s] .
fiction [`f9k37n] ; ; .
fictitious [f9k`t937s] 1) , ;
2) .
fidelity [f9`del9t9] , ; .
fidget [`f9d=9t] .
field [f9:ld] 1) , ; 2) ; 3) ().
fierce [f97s] 1) , ; 2) .
fiery [`fa97r9] 1) , ; 2) , .
fifteen [`f9f`t9:n] ; ~th .
fifth [f9f4] .
fifty [`f9ft9] .
fig [f9g] .
figurative [`f9gjur7t9v] .
figure [`f9g7] 1. n 1) , , ; 2) ; public ~
; 3) ( ona ); Are
you good at ~s? ? 2. v
, ;
~ out , .
file I [fa9l] 1. n , ; 2. v ; .

fist
file II [fa9l] , ; march in ~
- .
file III [fa9l] 1. n , ; 2. v ().
fill [fil] 1) , ; Tears ~ed
her eyes. ; ~ in ( .); 3) ().
film [f9lm] 1. n 1) ; 2) (, );
2. v .
filter [`f9lt7] 1. n , ; 2. v ,
.
final [`fa9n7l] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
2. a , , ; ~ly ,
; ~s .
finance [fa9`n5ns] , .
find [fa9nd] (found; found) 1) ; 2)
; 3) ; 4) ;
~ out , ; .
fine I [fa9n] , , ; .
fine II [fa9n] 1. n ; 2. v
.
finger [`f92g7] (); ~-nail ; ~ -print .
finish [`f9n93] 1. v , , ; 2. n 1) , ; 2) .
.
Fin||land [`f9nl7nd] ; ~nish 1)
; 2) .
fir [f7:] . ; ~cone .
fire [`fa97] 1. n 1) , ; set on ~, set ~ to
; ~ place ; ; 2) ; ~man ; 2. v
; ~-arm .
firm I [f7:m] .
firm II [f7:m] 1) ; ; ;
2) ; ~ness .
first [f7:st] 1. a ; 2. adv , ,
; at ~ ; ~-aid ; ~class, ~-rate ; ; .
fish [f93] 1. n ; odd ~ ; 2. v
.
fishing [`f9392] ; ~-rod ; ; go ~
.
fishmonger [`f93`m02g7] .
fishy [`f939] .
fissure [`f937] ; .
fist [f9st] .
189

fit
fit [fit] 1. a 1) ; ; 2) ; 2.
v 1) , ; 2) ; 3) ; T coat ~s
well. .
fitter [`f9t7] -.
five [fa9v] .
fix [fiks] 1) ; ; 2) () , () ; 3) (, ); ~ed 1) ,
; 2) .
flag [fl5g] bayraq.
flake [fle9k] (), (); snow
~s , .
flame [fle9m] 1. n ; 2. v ,
.
flap [fl5p] 1. n 1) ; 2)
(); 2. v 1) ;
2) ( .).
flare [fl87] 1) ; 2) . ,
.
flash [fl53] 1) ; ; 2) ;
3) .
flask [fl5sk] ; .
flat I [fl5t] , .
flat II [fl5t] .
flatter [`fl5t7] 1) , ;
2) ; 3) ; ~er
; ~y .
flavour [`fle9v7] 1. n , ; ; 2. v
, ; .
flaw [fl6:] 1) , (); 2) , .
flax [fl5ks] . .
flay [fle9] 1) ; 2) .
.
flee [fl9:] (fled; fled) 1) ; 2)
.
fleet [fl9:t] .
flesh [fle3] 1) ; 2) ; ; ~y , .
flew [flu:] fly .
flex [fleks] , ; ~ible
, ; .
flicker [`fl9k7] ();
; .
flier [`fla97] .
flight [fla9t] 1) ; 2) .
fling [fl92] (flung; flung) , .
190

follow
flint [fl9nt] .
float [flout] 1. v - (
); ; 2. n
.
flock [fl6k] 1. n ; ; 2. v
; .
flog [fl6g] .
flood [fl0d] 1. n ; ; 2. v ,
.
floor [fl6:] 1) , 2) , ;
ground ~ ; first ~
; take the ~ ().
flour [`flau7] .
flourish [`fl0r93] 1. v 1) , , ; 2) - ;
2. n , .
flow [flou] 1. v 1) ; 2) ,
; 2. n 1) , , ,
2) .
flower [`flau7] , ; ~-pot .
flu [flu:] . .
fluent [`flu:7nt] , (); ~ly , .
fluid [`flu:9d] .
flung [fl02] fling .
flute [flu:t] .
flutter [`fl0t7] 1) , ; 2) ; .
fly I [fla9] 1. v (flew; flown) ; 2. n .
fly II [fla9] .
flyer [`fla97] : flier
foal [foul] .
foam [foum] .
fodder [`f6d7] .
foe [fou] ; .
fog [f6g] ; ~gy .
fold [fould] 1. v 1) ; ;
2) (); 2. n ; ~er
1) ( ); 2) . ; ~ing -.
foliage [`foul99d=] .
folk [fouk] 1) , ; 2) pl. . .
folk-lore [`foukl6:] , .
folk-song [`fouks62] .
follow [`f6lou] 1) , ;
2) ; 3) , ; ~er 1) ; 2) ; ~ing
; as ~s .

folly
folly [`f6l9] , .
fond [f6nd] : be ~ of 1) , ; 2) .
food [fu:d] ; ; ~ stuff pl. ,
.
fool [fu:l] 1. n ; play the ~, make a
~ of oneself ;
2. v 1) ; 2) ;
; ~ about .
foolish [`fu:l93] , .
foot [fut] ; on ~ ; ~ball ;
; ~-note (); ~step
, .
for [f6:] 1. prep. 1) ; ~ you ;
2) ; 3) ; ~ the past ten
days ; 4) ;
Are you ~ the proposal?
? 5) , , ;
What is this tool ~? ? Why did you do that ~?
? 2. conj. , ; ~ example, ~ instance .
forbade [f7`be9d] forbid
.
forbid [f7`b9d] (forbade; forbidden) ; God ~! !
force [f6:s] 1. n , ; armed ~s
; 2. v 1) ;
2) .
forced [f6:st] ; .
forcible [`f6:s7bl] , .
ford [f6:d] 1. n , ; 2. v
( ).
forefinger [`f6:f92g7] .
fore-ground [`f6:graund] .
forehead [`f6r9d] .
foreign [`f6r9n] ; Foreign Office
(); ~er
.
foreman [`f6:m7n] 1) , ; 2) .
foremost [`f6:moust] 1) ; 2) .
foresaw [f6:`s6:] forsee .
foresee [f6:`s9:] (forsaw, forseen)
.
forest [`f6r9st] .
foretell [f6:`tell] (foretold; foretold) .

found I
foreword [`f6:w7:d] , .
forgave [f7`ge9v] forgive
.
forge [f6:d=] 1. n ; 2. v 1) (); 2) ; ; ~ry 1) ; 2)
(, .).
forget [f7`get] (fotgot; forgotten) ,
; ~ful , .
forget-me-not [f7`getm9n6t] . ( ).
forgive [f7`g9v] (forgave; forgiven) (, ), .
forgot [f7`g6t] forget
.
fork [f6:k] 1. n 1) ; 2) , ; 2. v
.
form [f6:m] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ,
; 3) (); 2. v 1)
; 2) ; ; 3)
( ).
formal [`f6:m7l] , .
formation [f6:`me937n] 1) ; 2) , .
former [`f6:m7] 1) ; 2) , ; ~ly , .
formula [`f6:mjul7] 1) ; 2) .
formulate [`f6:mjule9t] .
fort [f6:t] .
forth [f6:4] ; ~coming .
fortieth [`f6:t994] .
fortification [f6:t9f9`ke937n] .
fortify [`f6:t9fa9] 1) ; 2) .
fortitude [`f6:t9tju:d] , .
fortnight [`f6:tna9t] .
fortunate [`f6:t3n9t] , ;
~ly .
fortune [`f6:t37n] 1) ; , 3) ;
~-teller .
forty [`f6:t9] .
forward [`f6:w7d] 1. adv 1) ,
; 2) , ; 2. v 1) , ; 2) ; 3. n
. .
fossil [`f6sl] , .
foul [faul] 1) , , ; 2) ;
~ play .
found I [faund] find .
191

found II
found II [faund] 1. v , , ; ~ation ,
, , .
founder I [`faund7] ;
, .
founder II [`faund7] (
).
fountain [`faunt9n] , ; ;
~-pen , .
four [f6:] ; ~th .
fourteen[`f6:`t9:n] ;~th .
fowl [faul] .
fox [f6ks] .
fraction [`fr5k3n] 1) . ; 2) ,
; .
fracture [`fr5kt37] 1. n ; 2. v ;
.
fragil||e [`fr5d=a9l] , , ;
~ity .
fragment [`fr5gm7nt] 1) (),
; 2) ().
fragrance [`fre9gr7ns] , .
frail [fre9l] 1) ; 2) , .
frame [fre9m] 1. v 1) ;
2) ; 2. n 1) ; ~ of mind -; ~work
( , , );
~work of society .
France [fra:ns] .
frank [fr52k] , .
fratern||al [fr7`t7:nl] (-, -); ~ity
.
fraud [fr6:d] 1) , ; 2) ,
.
fraught [fr6:t] (with) ,
; ; an expedition ~ with
danger ; .
free [fr9:] 1. a 1) ; ; 2) ; Are
you ~? ? 3) , ; 2. v
.
freedom [`fr9:d7m] .
freez||e [fr9:z] (froze; frozen) 1) ;
2) ; ~ing point .
freight [fre9t] ; ~ train . .
French [frent3] 1) ; 2) ;
~man (); ~woman
().
frequency [`fr9:kw7ns9] ; .
192

fun
frequent 1. a [`fr9:kw7nt] -; 2. v
[fr9`kwent] - ( ); ~ly
-.
fresh [fre3] 1) , ; ~ water /
(); ~ butter .
friction [`fr9k37n] 1) ; 2) , .
Friday [`fra9d9] .
friend [frend] , ; ~less ;
~ly ; ~ly match .
.
friendship [`frend39p] .
fright [fra9t] ; ~en , ; ~ful , .
fringe [fr9nd=] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
3) ; 4) , ; 2. v , .
fro [frou] : to and ~ -, -.
frock [fr6k] , .
frog [fr6g] .
from [fr6m] -; -; - ; -
.
front [fr0nt] 1) ; ; in ~ of
, , ; 2) .
frontier [`fr0ntj7] ; ~ guard .
frost [fr6st] , ; ~-bitten , ; ~y , .
froth [fr64] 1. n ; 2. v .
frown [fraun] 1. v - ;
2. n .
froze [frouz] freeze .
fruit [fru:t] 1) ; 2) , ;
bear ~ .
fruitful [`fru:tful] 1) ; 2) .
fruitless[`fru:tl9s] 1) , ;
2) .
frustrate [fr0s`tre9t] (); .
fry [fra9] ; ; ~ingpan .
fuel [fju7l] .
fugitive [`fju:d=9t9v] 1. n , ; 2. a
.
fulfil [ful`f9l] , ,
; ~ment ; .
full [ful] 1) ; ; 2) , ; ~stop
. .
fully [`ful9] , .
fun [f0n] ; ; ; for ~ ; make ~ of .

function

gear

function [`f02k3n] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v , ; ~ary ;

.
fund [f0nd] 1) ; 2) , .
fundamental [f0nd7`mentl] ,
; , .
funeral [`fju:n7r7l] ;
.
funnel [`f0n7l] 1) ( );
2) .
funny [`f0n9] 1) , ; 2) .
fur [f7:] : ; ~ -coat ; ~ry
, .
furious [`fju7r97s] 1) , ;
be ~ , ; 2) .
furnace [`f7:n9s] 1) , ; 2) ( ).
furnish [`f7:n93] 1) ; 2) , (); .
furniture [`f7:n9t37] , .
furrow [`f0rou] (
).
further [`f7:17] 1. adv , ; 2. a
1) ; 2) ; 3. v , ; ~ more .
furtive [`f7:t9v] , , .
fury [`fju7r9] , .
fuse [fju:z] 1) (); 2) ; (); 3) ; the
bulb is ~d .
futile [`fju:ta9l] , , .
future [`fju:t37] ; in ~ .
. ~ tense .

Gg
gad-fly [`g5dfla9] . , .
gaily [`ge9l9] , ; -.
gain [ge9n] 1. v 1) ; 2)
; 3) (); 4) ;
2. n , .
gait [ge9t] .
gallant [`g5l7nt] ; , .
gallery [`g5l7r9] 1) ; 2)
.

gallon [`g5l7n] (4,54 ).

gallows [`g5louz] pl. .
galoshes [g7`l639z] pl. .
gamble [`g5mbl] ; ~r .
game I [ge9m] ().
game II [ge9m] 1) ; 2) , .
gang I [g52] , , ; .
gang II [g52] , ;
~ster , .
gap [g5p] 1) ; , ; 2) ,
; 3) , ; generation ~ ; atom
~ .
gape [ge9p] ;
.
garage [`g5ra:=] 1. n ; 2. v ().
garbage [`ga:b9d=] , .
garden [`ga:dn] , ; ~er ; ~ing
.
garland [`ga:l7nd] ; .
garlic [`ga:l9k] .
garment [`ga:m7nt] , ; .
garnet [`ga:n9t] ().
garni||sh [`ga:n93] 1. n ; ; 2. v
; ~ture , ; ,
.
garret [`g5r7t] (
); .
garrison [`g5r9sn] . .
garter [`ga:t7] ; .
gas [g5s] 1) (); 2) . ,
.
gasoline [`g5s7l9:n] 1) ; 2) .
.
gasp [g5sp] ; .
gate [ge9t] , .
gather [`g517] , ;
.
gay [ge9] 1) ; 2) ().
gaze [ge9z] 1. v ;
; 2. n .
gazelle [g7`zel] .
gazette [g7`zet] .
gear [g97] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
2) . ; 2. v ();
~ out ().
193

geese
geese [g9:s] goose .
gem [d=em] .
gender [`d=end7] 1) . ; 2) .
general [`d=en7r7l] 1. a 1) ; in ~ ; 2) ; 3) ; ~ Assembly
; 2. n .
generally [`d=en7r7l9] ; .
generation [d=en7`re937n] ; rising
~ .
generosity [d=en7`r6s9t9] 1) ;
2) .
generous [`d=en7r7s] 1) ; 2) ,
.
Geneve [d=9`n9:v7] .
genial [`d=9:nj7l] , , .
genetive [`d=en9t9v] . ().
genius [`d=i:nj7s] (pl. genii) ; good ~
; evil ~ ; , .
Genoa [`d=enou7] .
gentle [`d=entl] 1) , (); 2) .
gentleman [`d=entlm7n] 1) (, ); 2) .
gently [`d=entl9] 1) , ;
2) , .
genuine [`d=enju9n] 1) , ; 2) .
geography [d=9`6gr7f9] .
geometry [d=9`6m9tr9] .
Georgia [`d=6:d=j7] .
germ [d=7:m] 1) . , ; 2) .
German [`d=7:m7n] ; ~y ;
~ic (-, -); .
gesture [`d=est37] , .
get [get] (got; got) 1) , ;
2) ; ~ better ; ~ warm
, ; ~ in ;
~ out , ; ~ up
, ; have

: have you got a pencil? ? I've got one. ; ~ on:
How are you getting on? ?
ghost [g6st] 1) , ; 2) ;
.
giant [`d=a97nt] 1) ; 2) , .
giddy [`g9d9] ; I am ~
.
gift [g9ft] 1) , ; 2) ;
~ed .
194

glow
gigantic [d=a9`g5nt9k] , .
gild [g9ld] 1) ; 2) , .
gilt [g9lt] , .
ginger [`d=9nd=7] .
gingerly [`d=9nd=7l9] , -.
gipsy [`d=9ps9] .
giraffe [d=9`ra:f] .
girdle [`g7:dl] , .
girl [g7:l] ; ~hood , .
girl-friend [`g7:lfrend] ().
give [g9v] (gave; given) ; ~ in
; ; ~ up ,
().
glacier [`gl5sj7] .
glad [gl5d] , ; be ~ ,
.
glamour [`gl5m7] , ; ~ous
, .
glance [gla:ns] 1. n , ; 2. v
( ), .
gland [gl5nd] . .
glass [gla:s] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ;
4) ; 5) pl. , .
gleam [gl9:m] 1. n ; ; ~ of hope
; ; 2. v .
glide [gla9d] 1) ; 2) ; (); ~r .
.
glimmer [`gl9m7] ;
; .
glimpse [gl9mps] 1. v 1) ; 2) ; 2. n .
glitter [`gl9t7] 1. v ; ;
2. n , .
globe [gloub] 1) ; ; 2) .
gloom [glu:m] 1) ; ; 2) ; ; ~y 1) ;
; 2) .
glorify [`gl6r9fa9] , , .
glorious [`gl6r97s] 1) ; ; 2) , .
glossary [`gl6s7r9] ; .
glossy [`gl6s9] , , ;
glove [gl0v] .
glow [glou] 1. v , ;
; 2. n 1) , ;
2) ; ().

glue
glue [glu:] 1. n ; 2. v .
gnat [n5t] 1) , ; 2) .
gnaw [n6:] ; .
go [gou] (went; gone) 1) ; 2)
; ~ in ; ~ out
, ; ~ by
; ~ in for ,
(, .); ~ mad
; ~ on .
goal [goul] 1) ; 2) (); ~keeper ().
goat [gout] ; ~skin .
god [g6d] , ; Thank God!
! ~ forbid ; ~dess
.
goggle [`g6gl] (); ~-eyed
.
gold [gould] .
golden [`gould7n] 1) ;
2) ().
good [gud] 1. a (better, best) 1) , ; 2) ; a ~ deal of, a ~ many
, ; ~ afternoon! , !
~ evening! ! ~morning!
! ~ night!
! 3) ; ~- for-nothing
, ; ~ will ,
; 4) ; How ~ of you!
; 2. n , .
good-bye [gud`ba9] .
good-looking [`gud`luk9ng] ;
, .
good-natured [`gud`ne9t37d] .
goodness [`gudn9s] .
goods [gudz] , ; consumer ~s
.
goose [gu:s] (pl. geese).
gooseberry [`guzb7r9] .
gorgeous [`g6:d=7s] , .
gospel [`g6sp7l] .
gossip [`g6s9p] 1. n 1) -; ;
; 2) , ; 2. v
; .
govern [`g0v7n] ;
; ~ment ; ~or ,
.
gown [gaun] , .
grace [gre9s] , ; ~ful , .

Greek
grade [gre9d] 1. n 1) ; ;
2) (); 3) ; ; 2. v
/ .
gradual [`gr5dju7l] .
graduate 1. v [`gr5djue9t] ; , 2. n [`gr5dju9t] .
grain [gre9n] ; ; .
grammar [`gr5m7] .
gramme [gr5m] .
granary [`gr5n7r9] .
grand [gr5nd] 1) , ; 2) .
; .
grandchild [`gr5nt3a9ld] .
grand-daughter [`gr5nd6:t7] ().
grandeur [`gr5nd=7] .
grand-father [`gr5nfa:17] .
grand-mother [`gr5nm017] .
grand-son [`gr5ns0n] ().
granite [`gr5n9t] .
grant [gra:nt] 1) ();
2) ; .
grape [gre9p] ; ~-sugar .
graphic [`gr5f9k] 1) ; 2) , ;
~ arts .
grasp [gra:sp] 1) , ; 2) , .
grass [gra:s] , ; ~hopper .
grate I [gre9t] , .
grate II [gre9t] 1) ; 2) ,
; .
greedy [`gr9:d9] , .
grateful [`gre9tful] .
grater [`gre9t7] , .
gratitude [`gr5t9tju:d] .
grave I [gre9v] .
grave II [gre9v] ; .
gravel [`gr5v7l] .
gravity [`gr5v9t9] 1) ; 2) .
.
gray [gre9] . grey .
graze [gre9z] 1) ; 2) .
greas||e [gr9:s] , ; ~y a, .
great [gre9t] ; ; ; Great
Britain ; a ~ deal of
; ~ grandfather ; ~ly
; ~ness , .
Greece [gr9:s] .
Greek [gr9:k] 1) ; ; 2) .
195

green
green [gr9:n] 1) ; 2) ; ~grocer .
greet [gr9:t] , ; ~ing
.
grenade [gr9`ne9d] . .
grief [gr9:f] , ; .
grievance [`gr9:v7ns] 1) ; 2) .
grieve [gr9:v] , .
grim [gr9m] 1) ; ; 3) , .
grind [gra9nd] (ground; ground) 1) ; 2) ; ~ one`s teeth
; ~stone .
grip [gr9p] 1. n 1) ; , ;
2) ; 2. v 1) ; 2) .
groan [groun] 1. n , ; 2. v .
grocer [`grous7] ; ~y . grocer`s
; .
groove [gru:v] , .
gross [grous] 1) , , 2) ; .
ground [graund] 1) ; ; 2) ,
; 3) ; ~ floor ;
~less , .
group [gru:p] 1. n ; 2. v
.
grow [grou] (grew; grown) 1) ;
; 2) , ; ~ old
, ; .
growl [graul] 1. v 1) , ;
2) ; ; 2. n 1) , ; 2) .
grown [groun] grow
, ~ -up , ().
growth [grou4] 1) , ; 2) ,
; 3) .
grudge [gr0d=] 1. n , ; 2. v : 1) bear
(have) a ~ against smb. ;
2) (, ); 3) ,
.
grumble [`gr0mbl] , ;
.
grunt [gr0nt] ; .
guarantee [g5r7n`t9:] 1. n 1) ,
; 2) ; ; 2. v
, .
196

hail II
guard [ga:d] 1. n 1) ; 2) pl.
; 3) ; 4) ;
2. v , .
guardian [`ga:dj7n] ; , .
guerilla [g7`r9l7] ; ~ war
.
guess [ges] 1. v 1) , ; 2)
; 2. n , , .
guest [gest] .
guide [ga9d] 1. n , ; 2. v , .
guilt [g9lt] , ; .
guilty [`g9lt9] .
guinea [`g9n9] (21 ).
guitar [`g9ta:] .
gulf [g0lf] 1) ; 2) .
gull [g0l] . .
gum [g0m] 1. n , ; chewing
~ ; 2. v .
gums [g0mz] pl. .
gun [g0n] 1) ; ; 2) ;
3) . ; ~ner ; ;
~ powder .
gust [g0st] ; ~y -
.
guts [g0ts] .
gutter [`g0t7] , ; .
gymnas||ium [d=9m`ne9zj7m] . gym
; ~tics pl. , .
gypsy [`d=9ps9] . gipsy .

Hh
haberdashery [`h5b7d537r9] ,
.
habit [`h5b9t] ; ; be in the ~ of
.
habitual [h7`b9tju7l] 1) ; 2) ,
; ~ly .
had [h5d] have .
haggard [`h5g7d] , .
Hague [he9g] (the) .
hail I [he9l] 1. n (); 2. v
.
hail II [he9l] 1) , ; 2) , .

hair
hair [h87] , ; ~-dresser ;
~-pin .
hairy [`h87r9] .
half [ha:f] , ; ~ raw ; ~ as
much .
half-heartedly [`ha:f`ha:t9dl9] (
).
halfpenny [`he9pn9] .
half-time [`ha:f`ta9m] 1) ;
2) . .
hall [h6:l] 1) , ; 2) ,
.
halt [h6:lt] 1. n ; 2. v ,
; ~! !
ham [h5m] ,
.
hammer [`h5m7] 1. n ; 2. v ; .
hammock [`h5m7k] ( ).
hand [h5nd] 1. n 1) ; 2) ();
3) ; 2. v ; (in); at
~ ; ; on the other ~
; on the right ~ ;
shake ~s ; ~ over .
handbag [`h5ndb5g] ;
.
handbook [`h5ndbuk] .
handful [`h5ndful] .
handicraft [`h5nd9kr7ft] ; .
handkerchief [`h52k7t39f] ;
.
handle [`h5ndl] 1. n , 2. v 1) ,
; 2) .
handsome [`h5ns7m] , (
).
handy [`h5nd9] , (
).
hang [h52] (hung; hung) ; ;
~ about .
hangar [`h527] ( ).
hang-over [`h52ouv7] 1) .
; 2) . .
happen [`h5p7n] 1) ,
(); 2) ().
happiness [`h5p9n9s] , .
happy [`h5p9] , .
harass [`h5r7s] , .

hay
harbour [`ha:b7] 1. n ; 2. v
(, ).
hard [ha:d] 1. a 1) ; 2) ; 3) ,
; 2. adv 1) , ; 2) ,
; 3) .
harden [`ha:dn] ; ;
.
hardly [`ha:dl9] 1) ... ; ; 2) ,
; 3) .
hardship [`ha:d39p] , ; It is no
~. .
hare [h87] .
harm [ha:m] 1. , ; 2. v
, ; ~less ;
~ful ; .
harmonious [ha:`mounj7s] , .
harmony [`ha:m7n9] , ,
.
harness [`ha:n9s] 1. n 1) ( );
2) ; 2. v ().
harrow [`h5rou] , .
harsh [ha:3] 1) , ; 2) ;
~ness , .
harvest [`ha:v9st] 1) , ;
2) , ; ~er 1) ; 2)
.
haste [he9st] ; make ~ ;
~n ; .
hastily [`he9st9l9] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
hasty [`he9st9] ; ,
.
hat [h5t] ; ~-stand .
hatch [h5t3] 1) ;
; 2)
.
hatchet [`h5t39t] .
hate [he9t] , ; ~ful
, .
hatred [`he9tr9d] , .
haughty [`h6:t9] , .
have [h5v] (had; had) ,
; ~ to + inf ; I ~ to
go. .
haven [`he9vn] 1) ; 2) .
hawk [h6:k] .
hay [he9] , ; ~stack .
197

hazard
hazard [`h5z7d] , ; ~ous .
hazel [`he9zl] 1. n ; ; 2. a
; ~nut .
he [h9:] 1) ( ); 2) : ~ -goat
.
head [hed] 1. n 1) ; ; ; 2) ,
; ~ -master ;
~ of the delegation
; 2. v .
headache [`hede9k] .
heading [`hed92] , .
headlight [`hedla9t] , (, ).
headlong [`hedl62] (); , .
headquarters [`hed`kw6:t7z] 1) ;
2) ; .
heal [h9:l] , ; .
health [hel4] , ; ~ -resort
; public ~ .
healthy [`hel49] .
heap [h9:p] 1. n , , ; 2. v ; - .
hear [h97] (heard; heard) ; ,
; ~er .
heart [ha:t] , , ; at ~ ;
by ~ ; ~ache .
hearth [ha:4] .
hearty [`ha:t9] .
heat [h9:t] 1. n , ; 2. v ; .
heather [`he17] . .
heating [`h9:t92] 1) ; 2) .
heaven [`hevn] , ; ; for ~'s
sake! ! by ~s! Allah .
heavy [`hev9] 1) ; 2) .
hectare [`hekta:] .
hedge [hed=] (, ).
hedgehog [`hed=h6g] .
heedless [`h9:dl9s] , .
heel [h9:l] ; 2) ; 3) .
height [ha9t] , .
heir [87] (); ~ess ().
held [held] hold .
hell [hel] .
helm [helm] .
198

him
helmet [`helm9t] , .
help [help] 1. v ,
; 2. n 1) , ; 2) .
; ~er , ;
~ful ; ~less , ;
~ yourself ( ).
hem [hem] 1. n , ; 2. v
.
hemisphere [`hem9sf97] .
hemp [hemp] .
hen [hen] .
hence [hens] , (
); ~ forward .
her [h7:] 1) ; 2) ; ( );
~s ; ~self ; ; .
herald [`her7ld] 1. n , ;
2. v , .
herb [h7:b] , ( ).
herd [h7:d] .
here [h97] , ; ~ after
, , ~ you are , ; ~by , .
hereditary [h9`red9t7r9] .
herein [`h97r`9n] .
heretic [`her7t9k] .
herewith [`h97`w91] ,
.
heritage [`her9t9d=] 1) ; 2) .
hermit [`h7:m9t] .
hero [`h97rou] ; ~ic ; ~ine ; ~ism .
herring [`her92] .
hesitate [`hez9te9t] .
hide I [ha9d] (hid; hidden) ; , .
hide II [ha9d] ; ~bound .
hideous [`h9d97s] , , .
high [ha9] 1) , ; ~ school
; 2) ; ~ quality ; ~ spirits
-.
highway [`ha9we9] , ,
.
hill [h9l] ; ~y ; -,
-.
him [h9m] , ( ); ~self
.

hinder
hinder [`h9nd7] , .
hinderance [`h9ndr7ns] , .
Hindu [`h9n`du:] 1) ; 2) .
hinge [h9nd=] 1. n , ; 2. v 1) (), ; 2) .
.
hint [h9nt] 1. n , ; ; 2. v
, .
hip [h9p] 1) ; 2) .
hire [`ha97] ; for ~ ,
.
his [h9z] ( ).
hiss [h9s] 1. n ; , ; 2. v ; .
historian [h9s`t6:r97n] .
historic(al) [h9s`t6r9k7l] .
history [`h9st7r9] .
hitherto [`h917`tu:] , .
hive [ha9v] , .
hoard [h6:d] 1. n , ; 2. v , ; .
hoarfrost [`h6:`fr6st] .
hoarse [h6:s] , (); .
hobby [`h6b9] , , .
hockey [`h6k9] ; field ~ ; ice ~ .
hoe [hou] , .
hog [h6g] ;
.
hoist [h69st] , .
hold I [hould] (held; held) ; ; ~ out ; ~ up
; .
hold II [hould] ().
hold-up [`hould0p] . ; .
hole [houl] 1) , ; 2) .
holiday [`h6l7d9] 1) pl. ; 2) ;
3) .
hollow [`h6lou] 1. a , ; 2. v
; 3. n , .
holy [`houl9] .
homage [`h6m9d=] : do (pay) ~ .
home [houm] 1) , , ; 2) ,
; at ~ ; Home Office
; ~less , ; ~sick
, ; see smb.
~ .
honest [`6n9st] ; , , .

hour
honesty [`6n9st9] , , .
honey [`h0n9] ; ~comb ; ~moon
, .
honour [`6n7] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) , ; 2. v ;
; ~able ; .
hood [hud] 1) (
); 2) . .
hoof [hu:f] ().
hook [huk] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ;
2. v 1) ; ;
().
hoop [hu:p] , .
hop I [h6p] . ; .
hop II [h6p] 1. v ; 2. n , .
hope [houp] 1. n ; 2. v ;
~ful 1) , ; 2) ;
~less .
horizon [h7`ra9zn] .
horizontal [h6r9`z6ntl] .
horn [h6:n] 1) ; 2) , ;
3) .
horrible [`h6r7bl] , .
horror [`h6r7] 1) ; ; 2) .
horse [h6:s] ; ~back: on ~back , ; ~man ; ~-power
; ~shoe .
hose [houz] .
hosiery [`hou=7r9] , .
hospitable [`h6sp9t7bl] .
host I [h6st] .
host II [h6st] , .
hostage [`h6st9d=] 1) ; 2) .
hostess [`h6st9s] .
hostile [`h6sta9l] , (-, -); .
hostility [h6s`t9l9t9] 1) ; 2) pl.
.
hot [h6t] , , ; ~ dog
; ~ line
/ .
hotel [hou`tel] .
hothouse [`h6thaus] , ,
.
hour [`au7] 1) (60 ); 2)
: dinner ~ .
199

house
house [haus] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; House of
Commons ; House of
Lords ; 2. v [hauz] , ( ).
household [`haushould] 1) ; 2)
; ~er , .
housekeeper [`hausk9:p7]
( ).
housemaid [`hausme9d] .
housewife [`hauswa9f] .
hover [`h6v7] (), ; .
how [hau] 1) , ; ~ever
, ; 2) ~ old is he?
? 3) ~ many, ~ much
, ; ~ long ( ); ~ far
; ~ often ; ~ do you
do? . ~ are you? ?
howl [haul] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v
1) ; 2) .
hue [hju:] , .
hug [h0g] 1. n 1) ; 2)
(); 2. v - .
huge [hju:d=] , , .
hum [h0m] 1. n ; ; 2. v ; .
human [`hju:m7n] , ;
~ beings .
humane [hju:`me9n] 1) , ;
2) .
humanity [hju`:m5n9t9] , .
humble [`h0mbl] 1. a 1) ; ;
2) ; 3) ; 2. v ;
.
humbug [`h0mb0g] ; .
humiliate [hju:`m9l9e9t] .
humor||ous [`hju:m7r7s] ; , ; ~ist ; .
humour [`hju:m7] 1) ; 2) ; out of ~ ; in good ~
; in bad ~ .
hump [h0mp] , (); ~back
.
hunchback [`h0nt3b5k] ,
().
hundred [`h0ndr7d] ; ~th .
200

ideal
Hungar||ian [h0n`g87r97n] a, n ;
; ~y .
hunger [`h0ng7] ; ~ -strike
.
hungry [`h02gr9] .
hunt [h0nt] 1. n ; ~ing ; 2. v , ; ~ for .
hunter [`h0nt7] .
hurl [h7:l] , ,
.
hurricane [`h0r9k7n] .
hurry [`h0r9] 1. v ; ;
~ up ! ! 2. n , ;
in a ~ ; I am in a ~ .
hurt [h7:t] (hurt, hurt) 1) ; 2) , ; 3) ,
.
husband [`h0zb7nd] .
hush [h03] 1) , ; 2) ~ ! ! !
husk [h0sk] 1. n ; 2. v .
hut [h0t] , .
hydrogen [`ha9dr9d=7n] ; ~ bomb,
H-bomb .
hydrophobia [`ha9dr7`foub9a] .
hygienic [ha9`d=9:n9k] ; ;
.
hymn [h9mn] ; ().
hyphen [`ha9f7n] .
hypocrisy [h9`p6kr7s9] , .
hypocrite [`h9p6kr9t] , .
hysterical [h9s`ter9k7l] , .

Ii
I [a9] .
ice [a9s] 1) ; ~berg , ; ~cream .
Icelander [`a9sl7nd7] .
Icelandic [a9s`l5nd9k] (-, -).
icicle [`a9s9kl] , .
icy [`a9s9] 1) ; 2) .
idea [a9`d97] 1) , ; 2) ,
.
ideal [a9`d97l] 1) ; 2) ; ;
~ist .

identical
identical [a9`dent9k7l] ; .
identify [a9`dent9fa9] 1) ;
; 2) , .
ideology [a9d9`6l7d=9] .
idiot [`9d97t] ( ), .
idle [`a9dl] 1. a 1) , ; 2) , ; 2. v ,
; .
i.e. [`a9`9:] (that is) , .
if [9f] ; ~ nly I knew ;
I don't know if he knows English.
o, , ; as
~ , .
ignoble [9g`noubl] ; .
ignorance [`9gn7r7ns] 1) ; ;
2) .
ignorant [`9gn7r7nt] 1) , ; 2) , .
ignore [9g`n6:] , ; .
ill [9l] 1) ; 2) , ; be ~
; fall ~ .
ill-bred [`9l`bred] , ;
.
illegal [9`l9:g7l] -, -.
illiterate [9`l9t7r9t] .
illness [`9ln9s] .
illuminate [9`lju:m9ne9t] ;
.
illusion [9`lu:=7n] , ; ;
~ist .
illustrat||e [`9l7stre9t] ; ,
; ~ion 1) , ;
2) ; 3) .
image [`9m9d=] 1) , ; 2) .
imagination [9m5d=9`ne937n] ,
; .
imagine [9`m5d=9n] ,
.
imitate [`9m9te9t] , ;
.
imitation [9m9`te937n] 1) , ;
2) .
immediately [9`m9:dj7tl9] .
immense [9`mens] , ; .
immigra||nt [`9m9gr7nt] , ;
~tion ; .

impossible
imminent [`9m9n7nt] ;
();
().
immoral [9`m6r7l] ; ; ~ity
.
immortal [9`m6:tl] ; .
immunity [9`mju:n9t9] 1) ;
2) ( ).
impartial [9m`pa:37l] , ,
.
impatience [9m`pe937ns] .
impatient [9m`pe937nt] ; be ~
.
impediment [9m`ped9m7nt] , .
impel [9m`pel] 1) , ; 2) .
impenetrable [9m`pen9tr7bl] 1) , (, .); 2) .
imperative [9m`per7t9v] 1) ; 2) ;
3) . .
imperfect [9m`p7:f9kt] , ; , .
imperialism [9m`p97r97l9zm] .
imperialistic [9m`p97r97`l9st9k] .
impersonal [9m`p7:s7n7l] .
impersonate [9m`p7:s7n9t] 1) ;
2) .
impertinence [9m`p7:t9n7ns] ;
, ; .
implement [`9mpl9m7nt] .
implicte [`9mpl9ke9t] 1) ; 2) ( ), ; be ~d in crime
.
implore [9m`pl6:] .
imply [9m`pla9] 1) ; ,
; 2) .
impolite [9mp7`la9t] .
import 1. n [`9mp6:t] , ; 2. v
[9m`p6:t] ; .
importance [9m`p6:t7ns]
important [9m`p6:t7nt] , .
importunity [9mp6:`tju:n9t9] ,
, .
impose [9m`pouz] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ().
impossible [9m`p6s7bl] ,
, -.
201

impostor
impostor [9m`p6st7] .
impoverish [9m`p6v7r93] ,
.
impress [9m`pres] 1) ;
; 2) .
impression [9m`pre3n] ; .
imprison [9m`pr9zn] .
improbable [9m`pr6b7bl] ; .
improve [9m`pru:v] (), (); ~ment , .
impudence [`9mpjud7ns] , .
impulse [`9mp0ls] 1) , ; 2) ;
; .
impunity [9m`pju:n9t9] ; with
~ .
in [9n] 1) -; ; , ; 2) ,
; is he ~ ? , ?
inability [9n7`b9l9t9] 1) ; ; 2) .
inaccessible [9n5k`ses7bl] 1) ;
2) .
inadequate [9n`5d9kw9t] , .
inasmuch [9n7z`m0t3]: ~ as ; ...
.
inattentive [9n7`tent9v] .
inauguration [9n6:gju`re93n] ; .
incapable [9n`ke9p7bl] , .
incendiary [9n`sendj7r9] 1. a ; ; 2. n , .
incentive [9n`sent9v] , , ;
, .
incessant [9n`sesnt] ; .
inch [9nt3] (2,5 ); by ~es
-.
incident [`9ns9d7nt] ; ; ~ally
.
incite [9n`sa9t] , .
inclination [9nkl9`ne937n] , .
inclined [9n`kla9nd] 1) , ;
2) .
include [9n`klu:d] 1) ; 2)
; .
including [9n`klu:d92] ; o
cmldn.
202

indirect
income [`9nk7m] ; ~ tax .
incomplete [9nk7m`pl9:t] 1) ;
; 2) .
incomprehensible [9nk6mpr9`hens7bl] ; , .
inconsiderate [9nk7n`s9d7r9t] 1) ;
; 2) ,
.
inconsistent [9nk7n`s9st7nt] ; ,
.
inconveniet [9nk7n`v9:nj7nt] .
incorrect [9nk7`rekt] 1) , ; 2) .
increase 1. n [`9nkr9:s] ; ;
; 2. v [9n`kr9:s] , ,
.
incredible [9n`kred7bl] 1) ; ; 2) .
incur [9n`k7:] ; .
incurable [9n`kju7r7bl] ,
.
incurious [9n`kju7r97s] ,
.
incursion [9n`k7:3n] , ,
.
indebted [9n`det9d] : be ~ .
indecency [9n`d9:s7ns9] .
indecent [9n`d9:s7nt] , .
indeed [9n`d9:d] 1) , ;
2) ?
indefinite [9n`def9n9t] -.
independence [9nd9`pend7ns] .
independent [9nd9`pend7nt] .
index [`9ndeks] ; ; ~ finger
.
India [`9ndj7] ; ~ n 1) ; ;
2) .
indicate [`9nd9ke9t] ; .
indicative [9n`d9k7t9v] . .
indict [9n`da9t] ,
indifference [9n`d9fr7ns] , .
indignant [9n`d9gn7nt] , , ; .
indignation [9nd9g`ne937n] , ,
.
indirect [9nd9`rekt] 1) . ; 2) ; 3) .

indiscree
indiscreet [9nd9s`kr9:t] 1) ; 2) .
indispensable [9nd9s`pens7bl] , ;
.
individual [9nd9`v9dju7l] 1. n , ;
2. a 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; .
indivisible [9nd9`v9z7bl] , , .
indoor [`9nd6:] , ;
~ aerial ; swimming ~ ; ~s ; to
stay ~s .
induce [9n`dju:s] 1) ; 2)
, .
indulge [9n`d0ld=] 1) ;
( ); 2) .
industrial [9n`d0str97l] (-, -);
(-, -).
industrious [9n`d0str97s] ; .
industry [`9nd0str9] .
inefficient [9n9`f937nt] , ,
; .
inequality [9n9:`kw6l9t9] ;
.
inert [9`n7:t] 1) , , ;
2) .
inevitable [9n`ev9t7bl] .
inexorable [9n`eks7r7bl] .
inexplicable [9n`ekspl9k7bl] ,
.
infamous [`9nf7m7s] 1) ;
2) , , .
infant [`9nf7nt] , .
infantry [`9nf7ntr9] . .
infect [9n`fekt] ; ~ious .
infer [9n`f7:] , .
inferior [9n`f97r97] ();
(); .
infinite [`9nf9n9t] , , .
infinitive [9n`f9n9t9v] . .
inflammation [9nfl7`me937n] .
inflate [9n`fle9t] 1) ; 2) .
inflict [9n`fl9kt] 1) () ; 2) ; 3) (, ).
influence [`9nflu7ns] 1. n ; 2. v
.
influenza [9nflu`enz7] . .

insecure
inform [9n`f6:m] ,
.
informal [9n`f6:m7l] -.
information [9nf7`me937n] .
ingenious [9n`d=9:nj7s] 1) , ;
2) ; .
ingenuous [9n`d=enju7s] 1) ; 2) .
ingratitude [9n`gr5t9tjud] , .
ingredient [9n`gr9:dj7nt] .
inhabit [9n`h5b9t] ; ;
~ant .
inhale [9n`he9l] .
inherit [9n`her9t] ; ~ance ;
.
inhuman [9n`hju:m7n] ;
, .
initial [9`n937l] 1) ; 2) pl. ;
.
initiative [9`n9397t9v] ; .
injure [`9nd=7] 1) ; ;
2) , .
injury [`9nd=7r9] 1) ; ; ; 2) ; .
injustice [9n`d=0st9s] , .
ink [9nk] ; ~-pot; ~stand .
inland [`9nl5nd] (), .
inn [9n] () , .
inner [`9n7] , ; ~ meaning .
innocence [`9n7sns] 1) . ;
2) ; .
innocent [`9n7snt] 1) . ; 2) ; .
innovation [9nou`ve93n] ; .
innumerable [9`nju:m7r7bl] -,
.
inoculation [9n6kju`le937n] ; .
inquire [9n`kwa97] , .
inquiry [9n`kwa97r9] , ; ~ office
.
inquisitive [9n`kw9z9t9v] , .
insane [9n`se9n] , , - ( ).
insect [`9nsekt] . , .
insecure [9ns9`kju7] ; ,
.
203

inseparable
inseparable [9n`sep7r7bl] , .
insert [9n`s7:t] 1) , ,
; ; 2)
().
inside [`9n`sa9d] , ; ;
; turn ~ out ;
~ information .
insignificant [9ns9g`n9f9k7nt] 1) ; ; 2) , .
insincere [9ns9n`s97] , -.
insipid [9n`s9p9d] 1) ; 2) , ; 3) .
insist [9n`s9st] 1) ; 2) ; ; ~ent .
insolent [`9ns7l7nt] 1) , , ; 2) .
inspect [9n`spekt] 1) ; 2) .
; ~ion , ; ~or
; .
inspiration [9nsp9`re937n] ; draw ~ .
inspire [9ns`pa97] 1) ; 2) , ; 3) .
install [9n`st6:l] 1) , ; 2)
().
instalment [9n`st6:lm7nt] ;
by ~s ().
instance [`9nst7ns] ; for ~ .
instant [`9nst7nt] , ; ~ly ,
.
instead [9n`sted] , ; ~ of
; .
instinct [`9nst92kt] .
institution [9nst9`tju:37n] 1) ; 2) .
instruct [9n`str0kt] ; ; ~ion ; ~or .
instrument [`9nstrum7nt] 1) ; 2) ,
.
insult 1. n [`9ns0lt] ; 2. v [9n`s0lt] .
insurance [9n`3u7r7ns] .
insure [9n`3u7] 1) ;
; 2) .
intellect [`9nt9lekt] ; ; ~ul 1. a
; ; 2. n .
intelligence [9n`tel9d=7ns] 1) ; ,
; 2) ; ~ service .
204

intervention
intelligent [9n`tel9d=7nt] 1) , ;
2) .
intend [9n`tend] ,
; ; ~ed
; ;
.
intense [9n`tens] , ; .
intensify [9n`tens9fa9] , ; .
intention [9n`ten3n] ; ; ;
~al , -.
intercept [9nt7:`sept] 1) ;
2) .
interchange [`9nt7:`t3e9nd=] 1. v ; - ; 2. n
; -.
interest [`9ntr9st] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
2. v ; be ~ed in .
interesting [`9ntr9st92] .
interfere [9nt7`f97] 1) ( );
; 2) ; ~nce
1) , ; 2) .
interior [9n`t97r97] , ; .
interjection [9nt7:`d=ek37n] . .
intermediary [9nt7:`m9:d97r9] 1. n ;
2. a ; (-, -).
international [9nt7`n53n7l] ;
; ~ism .
interpret [9n`t7:pr9t] 1) , ; 2) ;
~ation 1) ; ; 2) ;
~er , ().
interrogate [9n`ter7ge9t] - ;
.
interrogation [9nter7`ge937n] 1) -;
2) .
interrogative [9nte`r6g7t9v] ; ~ pronoun .
interrupt [9nt7`r0pt] 1) , ; 2) ; ~ion 1)
; 2) ; .
interval [`9nt7v7l] 1) ; ; ;
2) ; at ~s , .
intervene [9nt7:`v9:n] ; .
intervention [9nt7:`ven37n] 1) ;
2) ; .

interview
interview [`9nt7vju:] 1. n , ;
; 2. v ; .
intestine [9n`test9n] . .
intimacy [`9nt9m7s9] , .
intimate [`9nt9m9t] , ; .
into [`9ntu] -; -; .
intolerable [9n`t6l7r7bl] .
intolerant [9n`t6l7r7nt] ;
.
intonation [9ntou`ne937n] ,
.
intoxicate [9n`t6ks9ke9t] ;
.
intransitive [9n`tr5ns9t9v] . ().
intrepid [9n`trep9d] , .
intricate [`9ntr9k9t] , .
intrigue [9n`tr9:g] 1. n , , ;
2. v 1) ; ;
2) .
introduce [9ntr7`dju:s] 1) ( .); 2) ;
.
introduction [9ntr7`d0k37n] ,
.
intrude [9n`tru:d] 1) ; 2) ; ( ).
invade [9n`ve9d] 1) ;
; 2) (, ).
invader [9n`ve9d7] , .
invalid I [`9nv7l9:d] , .
invalid II [9n`v5l9d] . ; .
invaluable [9n`v5lju7bl] .
invasion [9n`ve9=7n] , .
invent [9n`vent] 1) ; 2) ;
~ion 1) ; 2) ; ~or .
inventory [`9nv7ntr9] (,
).
invest [9n`vest] ( ); ( ).
investigate [9n`vest9ge9t] ,
.
investment [9n`vestm7nt] .
invincible [9n`v9ns7bl] , .
inviolable [9n`va97l7bl] 1) ; ; 2) .
invisible [9n`v9z7bl] .

isthmus
invitation [9nv9`te937n] ; ~ card .
invite [9n`va9t] .
invocation [9nvou`ke937n] ; ,
.
involuntary [9n`v6l7nt7r9] ; .
involve [9n`v6lv] 1) ; 2)
; 3) ; be ~d in
; .
inward [`9nw7d] , ; ;
.
Ireland [`a97l7nd] .
iris [`a97r9s] . (
).
Irish [`a97r93] ; (-, -).
iron [`a97n] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v ; ~clad .
ironic(al) [a9`r6n9k(7l)] .
irony [`a97r7n9] , .
irrational [9`r537nl] .
irregular [9`regjul7] 1) ; 2) ; 3) . ().
irrelevant [9`rel9v7nt] , ;
That's ~. .
irresistible [9r9`z9st7bl] ,
; .
irresolute [9`rez7lu:t] , ;
.
irresponsible [9r9s`p6ns7bl] .
irrigate [`9r9ge9t] , .
irrigation [9r9`ge937n] .
irritate [`9r9te9t] , , .
is [9z] be
.
Islam [`9zla:m] ; ~ic
; (-, -).
island [`a9l7nd] ; British ~s
.
isle [a9l] , .
isolat||e [`a9s7le9t] , ;
~ion , ; .
Israel [`9zre97l] .
issue [`9sju:] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) ;
2. v , (,
.).
isthmus [`9sm7s] . , .
205

it

juvenile

it [9t] 1) o, , ( );
2) .
Ital||ian [9`t5lj7n] 1. n ; 2. a ; ; ~y .
italics [9`t5l9ks] pl. ( ).
itch [9t3] 1. n ; 2. v .
item [`a9t7m] 1) , ; 2)
().
its [9ts] , (
).
itself [9t`self] ( ); by ~ -.
ivory [`a9v7r9] .
ivy [`a9v9] .

Jj
jabber [`d=5b7] - ; .
jack [d=5k] . .
jackal [`d=5k6:l] .
jackdaw [`d=5kd6:] . , ().
jacket [`d=5k9t] 1) ; 2) ;
().
jail [d=e9l] ; ~er .
jam I [d=5m] 1. n ; ; ( ); 2. v
1) , ; 2) .
jam II [d=5m] , .
janitor [`d=5n9t7] 1) (, ); 2) .
January [`d=5nju7r9] .
Japanese [d=5p7`n9:z] 1. n ; 2. a
; .
jar [d=a:] , .
jaw [d=6:] .
jealous [`d=el7s] ; be ~ ;
~y ; .
jeer [d=97] , .
jelly [`d=el9] .
jeopardize [`d=ep7da9z]
; .
jerk [d=7:k] 1. n , , ;
; 2. v ; .
jest [d=est] 1. n ; 2. v ,
; ~er .
206

jet [d=et] 1) , (, , );
2) .
Jew [d=u:] .
jewel [`d=u:7l] ; ~ler ;
~ry -, .
job [d=6b] ; , ; out of ~, ~less
.
join [d=69n] 1) ; ;
2) .
joiner [`d=69n7] , .
joke [d=ouk] 1. n ; play a ~ (on)
; 2. v .
jolly [`d=6l9] , .
journal [`d=7:n7l] , ; ~ist
.
journey [`d=7:n9] 1. n , ; take a
~ ; 2. v .
joy [d=69] , , ; ~ful
n; ~ous , .
jubilee [`d=u:b9l9:] .
judge [d=0d=] 1. n ; 2. v
; ; ~ment .
jug [d=0g] , .
juice [d=u:s] .
juicy [`d=u:s9] , .
July [d=u`la9] .
jump [d=0mp] 1. v 1) , ;
2) ; 2. n , .
jumper [`d=0mp7] , .
junction [`d=02k37n] 1) ; 2) .
June [d=u:n] .
jungle [`d=02gl] ().
junior [`d=u:nj7] ;
( ) .
juridical [d=u7`r9d9k7l] , .
jurisprudence [`d=u7r9spru:d7ns]
, .
jury [`d=u7r9] 1) ; 2) .
just I [d=0st] , ; .
just II [d=0st] adv ; ,
.
justice [`d=0st9s] .
justify [`d=0st9fa9] .
jute [d=u:t] ( ).
juvenile [`d=u:v9na9l] , .

keen

lamb

Kk
keen [k9:n] 1) ; 2) , ;
3) ; 4) .
keep [k9:p] (kept; kept) 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; ~er 1) ; 2) , .
kennel [`kenl] .
kerchief [`k7:t39f] , .
kept [kept] keep .
kernel [`k7:n7l] ; (, );
. .
kettle [`ketl] .
key [k9:] ; ~hole .
kick [k9k] 1. n ; give smb. a ~
; get a ~ out of smth.
; 2. v ;
.
kid [k9d] 1) , , ; 2) .
; ~ gloves pl .
kidnap [`k9dn5p] .
kidney [`k9dn9] anat. .
kill [k9l] 1) ; 2) (,
).
kind I [ka9nd] , , .
kind II [ka9nd] 1) ; 2) , ; what
~ of .
kindergarten [`k9nd7ga:tn] .
kindness [`ka9ndn9s] ; , .
king [k92] ; ~dom .
kiss [k9s] 1. n ; 2. v ; .
kitchen [`k9t39n] ; ~-garden ,
, .
knave [ne9v] 1) ; 2) (
).
knee [n9:] ; bring person to his ~s
.
kneel [n9:l] (knelt; knelt) .
knew [nju:] know .
knife [na9f] ; ~ edge .
knight [na9t] 1) ; 2) . .
knit [n9t] , ; ~ one's brows
.
knock [n6k] 1. n ; 2. v ;
( .).
knot [n6t] 1. n ; 2. v .

know [nou] (knew; known) 1) ; ; ; 2) .

knowledge [`n6l9d=] 1) ; have a good
~ of ; 2) ;
.

Ll
label [`le9bl] 1. n ; (
); 2. v
/ .
laboratory [l7`b6r7t7r9] ; ~ findings .
labour [`le9b7] 1. n , ; ; ; ~ code ; ~ hours
; Labour Party ; ~ Union ; 2. v 1) , , ; 2)
.
lace [le9s] 1. n 1) , ; ; 2) ; 3) ; gold / silver ~ /
; 2. v
; ~ up one's shoes .
lack [l5k] 1. n , ; ; for ~ of ,
; 2. v ; ,
.
lad [l5d] , , .
ladder [`l5d7] ; ().
ladle [`l5dl] 1. n ; ; soup
~ ; 2. v ( );
.
lady [`le9d9] 1) ; fine ~ ;
young ~ ; 2) ( , ).
ladybird [`le9d9b7:d] .
lag [l5g] : ~ behind .
laid [le9d] lay .
lain [le9n] lie II
.
lake [le9k] .
lamb [l5m] ; ; like a ~
, ; -; ~ skin
.
207

lame
lame [le9m] 1) ; be ~ of (in) one leg
; 2) , ; ~ excuse /
; ~ness .
lamp [l5mp] , ; ~ chimney
; ~ light .
land [l5nd] 1. n 1) ; ; ; on
~ ; travel by ~
; 2) ; native ~ ; 3) ;
fat ~ ; ~lady (,
); ~lord (, ); ~owner ; 2. v
1) (); 2)
( ).
landscape [`l5nske9p] . (
); ~ gardening
; ~ painter
.
lane [le9n] ; ; .
language [`l52gw9d=] (); bad ~ ;
finger ~ - ; spoken ~ .
lantern [`l5nt7n] .
lap I [l5p] 1) (); 2) ; T
boy sat on his mother's ~
; in the ~ of luxury
- ; in nature's ~
.
lap II [l5p] ( ).
lard [la:d] .
large [la:d=] 1. a , , ; ~-hearted ; on a ~ scale ; ~ness ; 2. n : at ~ .
lark [la:k] ; rise with the ~
.
lash [l53] 1. n , ; 2. v 1) ; (, ); 2)
.
lass [l5s] , .
last I [la:st] 1. a 1) , ; 2)
; When did you see him ~?
? 3) ,
; ~ time ; ~ year ;
2. n : at ~ ; to the ~ .
last II [la:st] 1) , ,
( ); How long will
it ~? ? 2) ; That'll ~ me for a week.
.
208

lay
lasting [`la:st92] ; , ; ~ peace .
latch [l5t3] , , ; ;
~-key .
late [le9t] 1) ; ; It is ~ ;
He is ~ . 2) ; of ~ years
; 3) ; ~ly ,
; ~r , ; ~st
; the ~st news .
latitude [`l5t9tju:d] . .
latter [`l5t7] 1) ( );
2) ; in these ~ days
.
lattice [`l5t9s] ; ~ frame ; ~ window .
laugh [la:f] 1. n ; ~able , ; ~ter ; roar with ~ter ; 2. v ; burst out ~ing
; ; ~ at
/ .
launch [l6:nt3] 1) ,
( .); 2) ; ~ an
attack .
laundry [`l6:ndr9] 1) ;
; 2) -; do
the ~ .
laureate [`l6:r99t] ; Nobel Prize
Laureate .
laurel [`l6r7l] 1) ; 2) ; . .
lava [`la:v7] .
lavatory [`l5v7t7r9] .
law [l6:] 1) ; go beyond the ~ ; keep within the ~ ; 2) ;
international ~, ~ of nations
; ~ and order -; practice ~ ; go to ~
; ~-breaker
; ~-court ; ~ful .
lawn I [l6:n] , ( ); ~ hockey
.
lawn II [l6:n] ( ).
lawyer [`l6:j7] ; .
lay [le9] 1) ; ; ~ the
foundation ; 2) ,
; ~ the table ; ~ eggs
; ~er .

laziness
laziness [`le9z9n9s] .
lazy [`le9z9] ; ~-bones .
lead I [l9:d] ; as heavy as ~
, .
lead II [l9:d] (led; led) 1) (); ~ a child by the hand
; the path
~s to the house ; 2) .
leader [`l9:d7] 1) , , ;
2) ; 3) (); ~ship
, .
leading [`l9:d92] , (); ; ~ writer .
leaf [l9:f] (pl. leaves) 1) ; ~ fall ; ; 2) ; turn
over the leaves ;
leaves without figs .
leaflet [`l9:fl9t] (
).
league [l9:g] , .
leak [l9:k] 1. n , ; , (
); 2. v , .
lean I [l9:n] , , .
lean II [l9:n] (leaned; leant] 1) (forward, over , ); 2) (on, against); ~ off the table!
.
leap [l9:p] 1. v (leapt; leaped) 1) ,
, ; ~ a fence
; 2) - ();
2. n , .
leap-day [`l9:pde9] 29-.
leap-year [`l9:pj7:] (
366 ).
learn [l7:n] (learnt, learned; learnt, learned)
1) ; ~ by heart ;
2) , .
learned [`l7:n9d] , .
lease [l9:s] 1. n 1) ; ; take on
~ ; 2) ;
2. v / ;
/; ~holder .
least [l9:st] , ; at ~ ;
not in the ~ , .
leather [`le17] .
leave I [l9:v] (left, left) 1) ,
, ; 2) ,
; My sister has left for Moscow.

lentil
. When does the
train ~ ? ? ~ smth.
in the air ; ~ smb.
to himself .
leave II [l9:v] 1) , ; by your ~ ; 2) ; on ~ ; on sick ~ ; take ~ (of) .
Lebanese [leb7`n9:z] .
Lebanon [`leb7n7n] .
lecture [`lekt37] 1. n ; deliver a
~ ; read smb. a ~ ; 2. v ;
~ on history
; ~r ; ().
leech [l9:t3] 1. n ; stick like a ~
; 2. v .
left [left] 1. a ; 2. n ; 3. adv ,
.
left-hand [`lefth5nd] ; ~ side ;
~ blow ; ~er
.
leg [leg] ; strech one's ~s ;
stand on one's own ~s ;
set smb. on his ~s
; .
legacy [`leg7s9] ; .
legal [`l9:g7l] ; , .
legend [`led=7nd] 1) ; 2) ; ~ary
.
legible [`led=7bl] , ;
().
legislation [led=9s`le937n] .
legislature [`led=9sle9t37] .
legitimate [l9`d=9t9m9t] .
leisure [`le=7] , ; at ~
.
lemon [`lem7n] ; ~ade ;
~ squash .
lend [lend] (lent; lent) ; ~ a hand,
~ help to , .
length [le24] ; at ~ ; at
full/great ~ ; ~ways
.
lengthen [`le24en] ; .
lens [lenz] 1) ; ; 2) .
lentil [`lent9l] . .
209

leopard
leopard [`lep7d] . ; ~ess ;
can the ~ change his spots?
.
less [les] 1. a , (); of
~ importance ; 2. adv ,
; ~- known ; ~en , , .
lesson [`lesn] ; ; give ~s in
English ; take
~s , .
let [let] (let; let) 1) ; ( ); ; ~ him
speak ; ~ go ,
; ~ slip the chance
; ~'s go ; 2)
; ~ in ; ~ out
; ~ smb. know ;
~ alone , .
letter [`let7] 1) ; 2) ; ~-box
; 3) pl. ; man of ~s .
lettuce [`let9s] .
level [`levl] 1. n ; sea ~
; on a ~ with ; 2. a
, , .
lexical [`leks9k7l] ; (-, -).
liable [`la97bl] 1) ; ;
~ fr military service ;
2) ; He is ~ to come.
, o .
liar [`la97] .
libel [`la9b7l] 1. n , ();
2. v / ;
.
liberal [`l9b7r7l] 1. a 1) ; ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ; ~ arts
; ~ education
; 5) . ; ; 2. n
; .
liberate [`l9b7re9t] ,
.
liberation [l9b7`re937n] ,
.
liberty [`l9b7t9] ; ~ for the press ; at ~ ; ; set at
~ .
library [`la9br7r9] .
licence [`la9s7ns] ; ; ; driving ~ .
lick [l9k] .
210

like I
lid [l9d] 1) ; 2) . eye~ .
lie I [la9] 1. n ; tell a ~ ;
2. v .
lie II [la9] (lay; lain) 1) ; ~ still
; 2) (-, -); Life
~s in front of you.
.T blame ~s at your door.
.
lieutenant [lef`ten7nt] ; ~-colonel
; ~-general .
life [la9f] (pl lives) 1) , ; for
~ ; come to ~ ,
; bring to ~ ;
2) ; lead a quiet ~
; upon my ~ !
! ~ and death struggle -
.
lifeless [`la9fl9s] , ; .
lifetime [`la9fta9m] .
lift [l9ft] 1. n 1) ; give smb. a ~ (
) ; ;
2) , ; 2. v ;
~ one's hand against smb.
; ~ up one's head ; .
light I [la9t] 1. n 1) , ; see the
~ ; 2) ,
(, .); strike a ~ ; 2. a ; ;
~ brown ; 3. v (lit, lighted;
lit, lighted) ; ; , .
light II [la9t] 1) (); as ~ as a
feather ; 2) , ;
~ meal ; 3) ; ~ work
; ~ fingered , ;
. ; ~-headed , ,
; ~ -hearted , .
lighthouse [`la9thaus] .
lightning [`la9tn92] ; ~ arrester .
light-tight [`la9t`ta9t] .
like I [`la9k] 1. a ; ; ;
as ~ as two peas ,
; look ~ , ; It
looks ~ snow. ;

like II
2. prep , ; Do not talk ~ that.
!
like II [la9k] , , ; I ~ flowers.
. I would ~ ; Do as you ~.
, .
likely [`la9kl9] ; .
likeness [`la9kn9s] , .
liking [`la9k92] 1) (for); 2) ; to
one's ~ , .
lilac [`la9l7k] 1. n ; 2. a
.
lily [`l9l9] ; ~ of the valley ;
~-white , .
limbs [l9ms] ().
lime I [la9m] 1. n ; burnt ~
, ; slack ~ ;
2. v (); ~stone .
lime II (-tree) [`la9m(tr9:)] .
limit [`l9m9t] 1. n ; superior ~
; ; inferior ~ ,
; set the ~ ,
; go beyond t ~ ;
That's the ~! ! 2. v
, ; ~ation .
limp [l9mp] 1. n ; ; walk
with a ~ ; 2. v , .
line I [la9n] 1. n 1) , , ; ;
draw the ~ ; just on the
~ ; below the ~
; 2) ; long-distance ~ ; Hold the ~ !
! 3) ; 4) ; 5) (the
Line) ; 2. v ; ~ up
/ .
line II [la9n] ().
linen [`l9n9n] 1. n , ; ; 2. a
.
liner [`la9n7] ( ;
).
linger [`l92g7] , ; (); ().
lining [`la9n92] ().
link [l92k] 1. n 1) , ; (); 2) pl ; ~s of brotherhood
; 3) . , ;
2. v , (together, to).

lobster
lion [`la97n] ; ~ 's share /
; ~-hearted , .
lip [l9p] .
lipstick [`l9pst9k] ,
.
liquid [`l9kw9d] 1. a ; ;
2. n , .
liquidate [`l9kw9de9t] ;
, .
list [l9st] ; make a ~ ;
duty ~ .
listen [`l9s7n] , ; ~er
.
literal [`l9t7r7l] ; ~ error .
literary [`l9t7r7r9] .
literature [`l9t7r9t37] .
litre [`l9:t7] .
litter [`l9t7] 1) ; 2) -
; 3) .
little [`l9tl] 1. a , ; ~ finger
(); ~ toe (); ~ ones , ;
2. adv ; a ~ , ; 3. n : ~ by
~ , -; after a ~ ;
for a ~ .
live [l9v] , .
lively [`la9vl9] 1) ; 2) .
liver [`l9v7] . .
living [`l9v9ng] 1. n ;
make one's ~ ;
2. a ; ; ~-room .
lizard [`l9z7d] .
load [loud] 1. n ; ; 2. v 1) (, ); 2) ,
, ; 3) (, ).
loaf I [louf] , (); sugar
~ .
loaf II [louf] ; ~er .
loan [loun] 1. n 1) ; state ~
; 2) ; on ~ ; 2. v
( ).
lobby [`l6b9] 1) , ;
2) . (

).
lobster [`l6bst7] ( );
~-eyed .
211

local
local [`louk7l] ; ~ colour ;
~ committee ; ~ity ; ,
.
localize [`louk7la9z] ,
().
lock I [l6k] 1. n 1) , ; ; 2) (); 3) ; 2. v ,
.
lock II [l6k] , ; ().
locksmith [`l6ksm94] .
locust [`louk7st] .
lodger [`l6d=7] , .
lodgings [`l6d=92z] ; .
loft [l6ft] 1) ; 2).
lofty [`l6ft9] 1) , ; 2) ().
log [l6g] , ; ~-head , .
logic [`l6d=9k] ; ~al .
lonely [`lounl9] , ; feel ~
.
long I [l62] 1. a ; ~ mesures
; 2. adv: as ~ as ; all
day ~ ; ~ ago ; ~ before
; ~ after ; so ~ ; Long live ... ! ...!
long II [l62] 1) ; (for);
2) ; .
long-distance [`l62`d9st7ns] ,
; ~ call /
; ~ telephone service / .
longing [`l6292] , ; .
longitude [`l6nd=9tju:d] . .
long-range [`l62`re9nd=] ; ~ rocket .
long-term [`l62`t7:m] .
longways, longwise [`l62we9z`l62wa9z] .
look [luk] 1. v 1) ; ~ ahead!
! 2) ; ~ well ;
~ like ; It looks ~ raining. ; 3) ,
(, , . ); My
room ~s south.
; ~ about ; ~ after
, ; ~ for
; 2. n 1) , ; have a
~ , ( ); cast a
~ ; 2) , .
looking-glass [`luk92gla:s] .
loom [lu:m] .
212

lower
loop [lu:p] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) . (); 2. v .
loose [lu:s] 1. a1) , ; 2)
( ); 2. v ; (, ); ().
loosen [`lu:sn] , ; ~ discipline - .
lord [l6:d] 1) ( );
my ~, () milord (,
, ); the
Lord .
lorry [`l6r9] .
lose [lu:z] (lost; lost) 1) ,
; 2) ; ~ one's train
.
loss [l6s] 1) ; 2) , ; 3) pl. ; ~ of life ; be at a ~ , .
lost [l6st] 1) lose ;
2) , ; , ; be ~ .
lot [l6t] 1) ; cast (draw) ~s
/ ; The ~ fell upon me.
; 2) ; ; 3) ;
4) . ~s of, a ~ of , .
lottery [`l6t7r9] .
loud [laud] 1) , , (); 2) , ; ~ speaker ;
().
loudly [`laudl9] , , .
loupe [lu:p] , .
louse [laus] .
love [l0v] 1. n 1) (of, for, to,
towards); be in ~ ; fall in ~
, ; 2) (); my ~ ; for the ~ of
, ; 2. v , .
lovely [`l0vl9] , .
lover [`l0v7] 1) , ; 2) , .
low [lou] 1. a 1) ( );
2) (, .); ~ pulse ;
~ spirits -; 3) ( ); 2. adv 1) ; bow
~ ; 2) ; -;
; speak ~ ; burn
~ .
lower [`lou7] 1) , (, .); ().

lowland
lowland [`loul7nd] . , .
low-paid [`lou`pe9d] .
loyal [`l697l] , ; ~ty .
luck [l0k] 1) , ; bad (ill) ~ , ; good ~ , ; try one's ~ ;
2) , ; a great
piece of ~ ; I am in
(out of) ~ ().
Good ~! !
luckily [`l0k9l9] .
lucky [`l0k9] 1) , ;
2) ; I am ~
.
luggage [`l0g9d=] , ; ~-van ; ~-office (
).
lull [l0l] 1. v 1) - ;
2) , (, -,
.); 2. n , ().
lullaby [`l0l7ba9] -; . ,
.
lumber [`l0mb7] .
lump [l0mp] ; ; a ~ of sugar
.
lunatic [`lun7t9k] , ; ~ asylum
[7`sa9l7m] .
lunch(eon) [`l0nt3(7n)] 1. n ,
, ; have a ~ ; 2. v .
lung [l02] . ; the ~s ;
~ fever ; .
lure [`lju7] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) ; 2.v 1) , , ;
2) .
lustre [`l0st7] 1) ; , ; 2) ,
; 3) .
luxurious [l0g`zju7r97s] , , -, .
luxury [`l0k37r9] 1) , -; ; 2) .
lynch [l9nt3] . ,
.
lynx [l9nks] . .
lyric [`l9r9k] 1. n ; 2. a ; ~al ;
~s .

maintain

Mm
machine [m7`39:n] 1) ; ; 2) ; state ~ ; ~ works
; ~-shop
/ ; ~-tool .
machine-gun [m7`39:ng0n] ; ~ner
.
machinery [m7`39:n7r9] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
mad [m5d] 1) , ; ; drive
smb. ~ ; ; be
~ about (for) ; get
~ , ; 2)
(); ~ house ; ~ness 1) ; 2) .
madam [`m5d7m] , ( ).
madden [`m5dn] 1) ; 2) ; . ; .
made [me9d] make .
magazine [m5g7`z9:n] .
magic [`m5d=9k] 1. n , ;
, , ; 2. a 1) , ;
2) , , ; ~ian
, , .
magnet [`m5gn9t] ; ~ic
; ~ic needle .
magnificient [m5g`n9f9snt] 1) , , , ; 2) .
magnif||y [`m5gn9fa9] 1) ; 2) ; ~ier .
magpie [`m5gpa9] ; mc. , .
maid [me9d] 1) , ; 2)
().
mail [me9l] 1. n ; 2. v ; ~-box ; ~-car ; ~ train .
main [me9n] ; ; in the ~ ;
the ~ point ; ~ly .
mainland [`me9nl7nd] .
maintain [men`te9n] 1) ;
2) ; 3) ;
4) .
213

maize
maize [me9z] .
majestic [m7`d=est9k] , ,
.
major I [`me9d=7] 1) , , ;
~ forces ; 2) ; ,
.
major II [`me9d=7] .
majority [m7`d=6r9t9] 1) ;
gain/carry the ~ ; 2) - (21 ); attain
one's ~ - .
make [me9k] (made; made) 1) ; ; ~ fire ; ~ friends
, ; ~ money
; 2) , ;
~ him repeat ; ~ haste
; ~ fun ; ; ~ a pause , ;
~ up one's mind .
make-up [`me9k0p] 1) ; 2) ;
~ room .
male [me9l] , .
malice [`m5l9s] , ; ; ; bear
~ .
malicious [m7`l937s] 1) , , ;
2) ; .
malignant [m7`l9gn7nt] 1) , ,
; 2) .
mammal [`m5ml] . ();
~ia ; .
mammy [`m5m9] ().
man [m5n] 1) (pl. men) ; ~ of law , ; ~ of letters , ;
2) .
manage [`m5n9d=] 1) , , ; ~ment
; 2) , ;
~r .
mane [me9n] ( .).
mangle [`m52gl] 1) , , - ; 2) ,
.
manhood [`m5nhud] 1) ,
; 2) .
maniac [`me9n95k] 1) ; 2) ,
.
manicure [`m5n9kju7] .
manifest [`m5n9fest] 1. a , ; ;
2. v , ,
214

marionette
; 3. n , ; ~ation
.
manifesto [m5n9`festou] .
manipulate [m7`n9pjule9t]
; () .
mankind [m5n`ka9nd] ;
.
manner [`m5n7] 1) , , ; ; in
this ~ ; 2) pl. ;
-; he has n ~s o
.
mannerly [`m5n7l9] , ,
-; .
manpower [`m5npau7] .
mantel [`m5ntl] . ~piece .
manual [`m5nju7l] 1. n 1) ;
; 2) ; 2. a
(-, -), ; ~ labour ;
~ alphabet - .
manufacture [m5nju`f5kt37] ;
steel ~ .
manufactured goods [m5nju`f5kt37d`gudz]
.
manure [m7`nju7] 1. n , ; 2. v
.
manuscript [`m5njuskr9pt] ; .
mny [`men9] 1. a , ; w ~
? as ~ as ; 2. n ; ;
a great ~ , ; ~-sided .
map [m5p] 1) ; 2) .
maple [`me9pl] .
marble [`ma:bl] .
March [ma:t3] .
march [ma:t3] 1. n ;
; 2. v , .
mare [m87] .
margin [`ma:d=9n] 1) , ; 2) ; 3)
(, .).
marinade [m5r9`ne9d] 1. n ; 2. v
/ .
marine [m7`r9:n] 1. a , ; 2. n
1) ; mercantile ~ ; 2) pl ; ~r .
marionette [m5r97`net] 1) (
);
; ; 2) .
.

mark
mark [ma:k] 1. n 1) , ; 2) , ; 3) ; ~ of interrogation ; 4) ; hit/miss the
~ /; 5) ;
; above the ~ ; up to the ~
; 6) ; 7) , ; 2. v
; .
market [`ma:k9t] 1) ; 2) .
marketing [`ma:k9t92] 1) ; 2)
.
marriage [`m5r9d=] , , ; contract a ~ ; ~ lines
.
married [`m5r9d] (), ();
get ~ ; be ~ olmaq.
marrow [`m5rou] ; .
marry [`m5r9] ; .
Mars [ma:z] .
marsh [ma:3] .
marshal [`ma:37l] . .
martial [`ma:37l] 1) ; ; ~ law
; court ~ ; 2) , ; ~ spirit
.
martyr [`ma:t7] ,
; ; ~dom ;
.
marvellous [`ma:v9l7s] , ; .
masculine [`ma:skjul9n] ; . .
mash [m53] 1. n (
); ~ed potatoes
; 2. v .
mask [ma:sk] .
mason [`me9sn] ; .
masquerade [m5sk7`re9d] 1. n ;
2. v 1) , ;
2) ; .
mss [m5s] 1. n 1) (); 2) ; 3) pl ; 2. a ; a
~ meeting .
massacre [`m5s7k7] , .
massage [`m5sa:=] 1. n , ;
2. v , .
massive [`m5s9v] 1) , ; 2) , ; .
mast [ma:st] ().

mean I
master [`ma:st7] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ;
; 3) (); 2. v ; ~ship 1) , ; 2) .
masterpiece [`ma:st7p9:s] .
mat [m5t] , , .
match I [m5t3] .
match II [m5t3] 1. n 1) ; he has not his
~ - ; 2) ;
make a ~ ; 2. v - ; , ().
match III| [m5t3] , .
mate I [me9t] . .
mate II [me9t] 1) ; 2)
().
material [m7`t97r97l] 1. a 1) ; 2) ;
; 2. n 1) , ; 2) , ; raw ~s .
materialism [m7`t97r97l9z7m] .
materialistic [m7t97r97`l9st9k] .
maternal [m7`t7:nl] . (-, -); ~ care
.
maternity [m7`t7:n9t9] ; ~ hospital
; ~ leave
.
mathematician [m549m7`t937n] .
mathematics [m549`m5t9ks] .
matter [`m5t7] 1. n 1) ; 2) . ; 3) , ; what's the ~?
? as a ~ of fact ; 2. v
, ; it doesn't ~
.
mattress [`m5tr9s] .
mature [m7`tju7] 1. . ; ;
; 2. v ; .
May [me9] ; ~ bug .
may [me9] (might) 1) ;
; he ~ arrive tmorrow o,
; 2) : ~ I come in? ?
~ it be so! ! ~ be .
mayor [m87] ; .
me [m9] ; .
meadow [`medou] ; .
meal [m9:l] , .
mean I [m9:n] (meant; meant) 1)
, ; w do you ~ ? ? 2) ;
; it ~ s .
215

mean II
mean II [m9:n] 1) ; ; 2) ; ~ness
.
mean III [m9:n] 1) ; 2) ; .
meaning [`m9:n92] ; ~less .
means [m9:nz] 1) ; by ~ of
; ; by all ~ ; by no ~ , , ;
~ of communication ;
2) ; a man of ~ .
meantime [`m9:n`ta9m] : in the ~ ,
.
meanwhile [`m9:n`wa9l] .
measles [`m9:zlz] . .
measurable [`me=7r7bl] , .
measure [`me=7] 1. n 1) ; ;
beyond ~, out of ~ ; 2) ;
made to ~ ; take smb's ~s
; 3) ;
~ of value ; 4) pl.
(); ; take ~s ; ; 2. v ; .
meat [m9:t] ; roast ~ .
mechanic [m9`k5n9k] ; ~al ; ~s .
mechanism [`mek7n9zm] , .
meddle [`medl] (with, in) ( ).
medical [`med9k7l] ; ~ service
, .
medicine [`meds9n] 1) ; 2) ;
take ~ .
meditate [`med9te9t] ,
, - .
Mediterranean (Sea) [med9t7`re9nj7n`(s9:)]
.
medium [`m9:dj7m] 1. n 1) ; through
the ~ of ; 2) ;
3) ; 2. a , ; ~ wave .
.
meek [m9:k] , , ;
~ness , .
meet [m9:t] (met; met) 1) ; 2) ; ; we seldom ~ ; 3) ; Please
~ Mr. X. , . - .
meeting [`m9:t92] 1) ; 2) , ; .
melancholic [mel7n`k6l9k] ,
.
melancholy [`mel7nk7l9] ; .
216

mere
mellow [`melou] 1) ; , ;
2) , (); 3)
().
melodious [m9`loudj7s] , .
melody [`mel7d9] .
melon [`mel7n] ; water ~ .
melt [melt] ; . .
member [`memb7] ; a ~ of Parliament
(M.P.) ; ~ of sentence
. .
membership [`memb739p] ; ~ card
; ~ fee .
memorable [`mem7r7bl] ,
.
memorial [m9`m6:r97l] 1) ; ;
2) pl. ; .
memorize [`mem7ra9z] 1) ; 2) , .
memory [`mem7r9] 1) ; 2) ; in
~ of smb. ( ); 3) pl. .
men [men] man .
menace [`men7s] 1. n ; ; 2. v
().
mend [mend] 1) , ;
2) , .
mental [`mentl] 1) ; 2) ; ~ affection
; ~ patient ; 3) ; ~ calculations
.
mention [`men3n] 1. v , ; don't ~ it ;
2. n , ; .
menu [`menju:] ( ).
mercantile [`m7:k7nta9l] 1) ; ~ law
; 2)
; ; (-, -).
mercenary [`m7:s9n7r9] 1) ;
; (); 2)
().
merciful [`m7:s9ful] , .
merciless [`m7:s9l9s] , ; .
mercury [`m7:kjur9] ; .
mercy [`m7:s9] 1) , ; 2)
; ; beg for ~ ; have ~ on smb.
; .
mere [m97] ; a ~ child could do it
; it was a ~ chance
.

merely
merely [`m97l9] , .
meridian [m7`r9d97n] . .
merit [`mer9t] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
2. v , .
merry [`mer9] 1) , ; 2) .
merry-go-round [`mer9gouraund] ,
.
mess [mes] , ; ; make a ~ of things ; get into a ~ .
message [`mes9d=] 1) , ; ; 2) .
messenger [`mes9nd=7] ()
, () ;
().
metal [`met7l] .
metallurgy [me`t5l7d=9] .
meteor [`m9:tj7] .
meter [`m9:t7] ; .
method [`me47d] 1) , ; 2) .
metre [`m9:t7] 1) ; 2) ().
metrology [m9`tr6l7d=9] (
).
mew [mju:] 1. v ; 2. n .
mice [ma9s] mouse .
microbe [`ma9kroub] .
microscope [`ma9kr7skoup] .
microscopical [ma9kr7`sk6p9k7l] , .
mid [m9d] ; ~-January
.
midday [`m9dde9] .
middle [`m9dl] 1. n , ; in the ~ of
, ; 2. a , ;
~ classes ;
~-aged .
midland [`m9dl7nd] .
midnight [`m9dna9t] .
midst [m9dst] , ; in the ~ of ,
; in the ~ of us .
midsummer [`m9ds0m7] .
midway [`m9d`we9] ; .
midwife [`m9d`wa9f] , .
might I [ma9t] may
.
might II [ma9t] , ; ~y ,
.
migrate [ma9`gre9t] 1) ( );
2) ( ).

minister
migration [ma9`gre937n] 1) ; 2) ( ).
mild [ma9ld] , (,
.); (); ().
mile [ma9l] ( ); English
~ (1609 ); sea ~
(1853 ).
military [`m9l9t7r9] ; ~ age
; ~ service .
militia [m9`l937] ; ~man ,
.
milk [m9lk] 1. n ; 2. v ; ~er
1) ; 2) ; ~maid 1) (); 2) (); ~man
, ().
mill [m9l] 1) , ; 2) ;
~er .
millenary [m9`len7r9] ().
millet [`m9l9t] , .
million [`m9lj7n] .
millionaire [m9lj7`n87] .
mince [m9ns] 1. v ; / (); 2. n .
mincing-machine [`m9ns92m7`39:n]
.
mind [ma9nd] 1. n 1) , ; the great
~s of the world ;
2) , ; have/bear/ keep in
~ ; ; call
to ~ ; change one's ~
; to my ~ ;
out of sight, out of mind ,
; make up one's ~
; 2. v 1) , ; ~ my words ;
2) , ;
~ your own business ;
3) ; ~ the step! ,
; 4) ; do you
~ ; never ~ .
mine I [ma9n] , ; this is ~
; a friend of ~ .
mine II [ma9n] 1. n 1) , ; 2) .
; 2. v 1) () ; 2) .
miner [`ma9n7] , .
mineral [`m9n7r7l] , .
minister [`m9n9st7] 1) ; 2)
; 3) ; .
217

ministry
ministry [`m9n9str9] .
minor [`ma9n7] 1. a 1) ; 2)
(); 3) . ; 2. n ,
- .
minority [`ma9`n6r9t9] .
mint I [m9nt] . .
mint II [m9nt] , .
minus [`ma9n7s] , ; ten ~ four
.
minute I [`m9n9t] 1) ; ~ hand
.
minute II [ma9`nju:t] 1) , ;
2) , ; 3) pl. .
miracle [`m9r7kl] ; ;
.
miraculous [m9`r5kjul7s] ; .
mirage [`m9ra:=] ; . .
mirror [`m9r7] .
mirth [m7:4] , .
misadventure [`m9s7d`vent37] ,
.
miscellaneous [m9s9`le9nj7s] 1) ,
; 2) .
mischance [m9s`t3a:ns] ;
; by ~ .
mischief [`m9st39f] 1) , ; 2) ,
; make ~ ; ;
3) , .
mischievous [`m9st39v7s] 1) , ;
2) , , .
miser [`ma9z7] , ().
miserable [`m9z7r7bl] 1) , ;
; ; 2) ; .
misery [`m9z7r9] 1) , ; 2) , .
misfortune [m9s`f6:t3n] , .
mislead [m9s`l9:d] (misled; misled) , ;
.
miss I [m9s] 1. v 1) ,
; 2) ; ;
~ the train ; 3) .
miss II [m9s] (
).
missing [`m9s92] 1) ; ;
; 2) ; the ~s
.
mission [`m93n] 1) ; ;
2) , ; 3) , .
218

mment
mist [m9st] , ; ~y .
mistake [m9s`te9k] 1. v (mistook; mistaken)
(), ;
be ~n ; ; 2. n
, ; by ~ ; make a
~ .
mister [`m9st7] (Mr) , (
).
mistress [`m9str9s] 1) , ; 2) (Mrs.)
, ( ); 3) ; 4) .
mistrust [m9s`tr0st] 1. n ; ;
2. v ; .
misty [`m9st9] 1) , ; 2) .
misunderstand [`m9s0nd7`st5nd] (misunderstood; misunderstood) ; ~ing .
mitten [`m9tn] .
mix [m9ks] 1. v 1) , ;
2) ; -; ~ up
, - ; 2. n 1) ; 2) , ; ~ture .
mixed [m9kst] ; .
moan [moun] 1. n , ; ; 2. v
, .
mob [m6b] , .
mobile [`mouba9l] 1) ; 2) ,
, ; 3) mobil.
mobilization [moub9la9`ze937n] .
mock [m6k] , , ; ; ~ery ;
, .
mode [moud] , ; ~ of life .
model [`m6dl] 1) , ; ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ().
moderate [`m6d7r9t] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
modern [`m6d7n] , .
modest [`m6d9st] , ; ~y , .
moist [m69st] , ; ; ~en
; ~ure , .
mole I [moul] .
mole II [moul] , .
mment [`moum7nt] , , ;
at the ~ o () ; this ~ ; to
the very ~ .

momentary
momentary [`moum7nt7r9] , .
monarch [`m6n7k] , , , ; ~y , ; ~ist , .
Monday [`m0nd9] .
money [`m0n9] ; ~-box .
Mongol [`m62g6l] .
monitor [`m6n9t7] 1)
(); 2) (); .
monk [m02k] .
monkey [`m02k9] .
monopoly [m7`n6p7l9] , .
monotonous [m7`n6tn7s] , .
monster [`m6nst7] 1) , ; 2) .
, .
month [m0n4] ( ); ~ly ;
.
monument [`m6njum7nt] ; ~al ; ; , .
mood I [mu:d] -, , ;
be in no ~ .
mood II [mu:d] . i .
moon [mu:n] ( ); ~-faced ; ~light ; ~lit
.
mop [m6p] .
moral [`m6r7l] 1. a 1) ; 2) ;
2. n 1) , ; 2) ,
; draw the ~ ; 3) pl.
, .
more [m6:] , ; ~ powerful ; ~ or less -;
once ~ , ; never ~ .
morning [`m6:n92] ; good ~
, ; ~ star ;
.
morose [m7`rous] , ,
; .
morse [m6:s] . ( ).
morsel [`m6:s7l] , .
mortal [`m6:tl] 1) , ;
2) ; ; ~ity 1) ;
2) ; ; ~ly
.

movies
Moslem [`m6zlem] .
mosque [m6sk] .
mosquito [m7s`k9:tou] , .
moss [m6s] .
most [moust] , ; ; ~ beautiful ; ~ people ;
for the ~ , ; ~ly .
motel [mou`tel] (

).
moth [m64] 1) ; 2) .
mother [`m017] ; ~hood .
mother-in-law [`m017r9nl6:] .
motherland [`m017l5nd] , .
mother of pearl [`m017r7v`p7:l] .
motion [`mou37n] 1) , ; set in
~ ; ~less ; ~ picture
; 2) ().
motive [`mout9v] ; driving ~
.
motor [`mout7] , ; ~ boat
; ~-car ; ~-cycle
.
mould [mould] 1. n , ; 2. v
.
mound [maund] , ,
.
mount [maunt] 1) , ;
2) / (); 3) .
mountain [`maunt9n] 1) ; ~ous
().
mourn [m6:n] ; ;
~ful , ; ~ing , .
mouse [maus] (pl mice) ; ~trap
.
moustache [m7s`ta:3] .
mouth [mau4] 1) ( );
2) ( ).
move [mu:v] 1. v 1) ; 2) ; ;
3) ; 4) , , ; ~ smb. to tears
(); 2. n ();
.
movement [`mu:vm7nt] 1) , ; 2) (); peace ~
.
movies [`mu:v9z] . .
219

moving
moving [`mu:v92] , .
mow [mou] (mowed; mown) (
.).
much [m0t3] , -; hw ~? ?
as ~ as o ; ~ more ;
~ better .
mud [m0d] 1) , ; 2) , ; ~dy
, .
mule [mju:l] .
multiplication [m0lt9pl9`ke937n] . ;
~ table .
multiply [`m0lt9pla9] 1) , ;
2) . (by).
multi-stage [`m0lt9ste9d=] 1) ;
2) .
multitude [`m0lt9tju:d] 1) ,
; 2) ().
mumble [`m0mbl] 1. v ; ; 2. n ;
.
munitions [mju:`n93nz] ;
.
murder [`m7:d7] 1. n , ;
; 2. v ; ~er , .
murmur [`m7:m7] 1. n1) ; (); 2) ; ; 2. v 1) ; ; 2) , (at, against).
muscle [`m0sl] ; . ; a man
of ~ , .
museum [mju:`z97m] ; ~ piece
, .
mushroom [`m03rum] .
music [`mju:z9k] 1) ; 2) ; 3)
; ~al (); ~ian [mju(:)`z937n]
; ; ~ hall .
must [m0st] - (-); I ~ go .
mustard [`m0st7d] ; ~ plaster
; ~-pot .
mute [mju:t] 1) ; 2) , .
mutilate [`mju:t9le9t] 1) ;
2) .
mutiny [`mju:t9n9] 1. n ; 2. v
.
mutter [`m0t7] ,
(against).
mutton [`m0tn] .
220

nation
mutual [`mju:tju7l] ; ~ help .
muzzle [`m0zl] 1) ; 2) , ; 3) (, ).
my [ma9] .
myself [ma9`self] , ; ; I've
hurt ~ ; I saw it ~
.
mysterious [m9s`t97r97s] , ;
.
mystery [`m9st7r9] ; ~ novel
.
myth [m94] , , ; ~ical .
mythology[m9`46l7d=9] .

Nn
nail [ne9l] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ,
; 2. v ; ~ smb. to the
wall ;
.
naked [`ne9k9d] ; with ~ eye
.
name [ne9m] 1. n ; ; first ~ ;
family ~ ; make a good/bad ~ for
oneself / ; ~ly .
nap [n5p] 1. n ; take/have a ~ ; ; 2. v , .
nape [ne9p] : ~ of the neck ,
.
napkin [`n5pk9n] 1) , ;
2) , .
narrate [n5`re9t] ; .
narrative [`n5r7t9v] , .
narrow [`n5rou] , ; within ~ bounds
; have a ~ escape
; ~-minded
.
nasty [`na:st9] 1) , , ; 2) , ; ~ remark
; ~ weather , .
nation [`ne937n] , ; ; peaceloving ~s ; ~wide .

national
national [`n537nl] ; (-, -); ~
economy ; ~ anthem
; ~ forces
; ~ism ; ~ist ;
~ity ; , .
native [`ne9t9v] 1. a 1) ; ~ land
, ; 2) ; ~ customs
; 2. n (adam); -
.
natural [`n5t37r7l] ; ~ resources
; ~ phenomenon ; ~ly ; .
nature [`ne9t37] 1) ; 2) ,
; by ~ , .
naughty [`n6:t9] , ; .
naval [`ne9v7l] -; ~ forces ; ~ officer .
navigable [`n5v9g7bl] .
navigation [n5v9`ge937n] ; , , .
navy [`ne9v9] - ; ~ blue
.
near [n97] ; , ; ~ at
hand , ; far and ~
; ~by ; ~-sighted
.
nearly [`n97l9] 1) ; 2) .
neat [n9:t] 1) , ; 2) , ;
3) ( ), ~ly
; -.
necessary [`nes9s7r9] 1) , ;
2) , , .
necessity [n9`ses9t9] 1) , ,
; 2) .
neck [nek] 1) ; 2) ();
3) .
necklace [`nekl9s] .
need [n9:d] 1. n 1) , ; be in
~ of ; 2), , ; 2. v ,
, .
needle [`n9:dl] 1) ; ( );
~'s eye ; thread the ~
; 2) ( .).
negative [`neg7t9v] 1. a ; the ~ sign
; 2. n ().
neglect [n9`glekt] 1. v ,
, , ; 2. n , .

newspaper
negligence [`negl9d=7ns] 1) , ; 2) .
negotiate [n9`gou39e9t] ;
.
negotiation [n9gou39`e937n] .
Negro [`n9:grou] ; ().
neigh [ne9] 1. v ; 2. n .
neighbour [`ne9b7] 1. n ; 2. a ,
; ~ing ,
.
neighbourhood [`ne9b7hud] 1) ,
; in the ~ , ;
2) .
neither [`na917] 1) ();
; ~ statement is true
; ~ ... nor ..., ..., ...;
~ here, nor there , ;
2) if you don't go, ~ shall I , .
nephew [`nevju:] , .
nerve [n7:v] ; ; pl. ;
get on smb.'s ~s .
nervous [`n7:v7s] ; ; I'm ~
about him ; get /
be ~ .
nest [nest] 1. n ; 2. v .
net I [net] .
net II [net] (), .
nettle [`netl] ; be on ~s .
network [`netw7:k] 1) , ; 2) ; ; .
neuter [`nju:t7] . .
neutral [`nju:tr7l] , ; ~ity
, .
never [`nev7] ; ;
~ before ; ~ more
; ~ mind , ; ~ceasing .
nevertheless [nev717`les] ;
.
new [nju:] , ; ~ly .
new-born [`nju:`b6:n] .
new-comer [`nju:`k0m7] .
news [nju:z] , .
news-boy [`nju:zb69] .
news-department [`nju:zd9pa:tm7nt] .
newspaper [`nju:zpe9p7] .
221

news-reel
news-reel [`nju:zr9:l] , .
news-stand [`nju:sst5nd] .
next [nekst] 1. a , () ;
; ~ door ; ~ time ;
~ year ; 2. adv ;
; 3. prep , .
nib [n9b] .
nice [na9s] 1) , , , , ; 2) .
nickel [`n9kl] 1) ; 2) . 5
.
nickname [`n9kne9m] .
niece [n9:s] , .
nigger [`n9g7] . ; ().
night [na9t] , ; all ~ long
; ~ by ~ ; at ~ ; ~ fell
; have a good /bad ~
/ ; last ~ ;
good ~! .
night-gown [`na9tgaun] .
nightingale [`na9t92ge9l] .
nightmare [`na9tm87] , ;
.
night-school [`na9tsku:l] ,
.
nine [na9n] ; ~ fold ,
; ~tieth .
nineteen [na9n`t9n] ; ~th .
ninety [`na9nt9] .
ninth [na9n4] .
nip [n9p] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v
1) ; 2) ;
3) ( ).
nipper [`n9p7] .
nitrogen [`na9tr9d=7n] .
no [nou] 1) , ; ; no, I cannot come , ; 2) ; ~ bread ; 3) ;
has ~ reason ;
4) ... ; I've no more to say
;
~ doubt ; ~ matter ;
~ wonder ; ~ smoking!
; in ~ time
; .
noble [`noubl] 1) , ; ;
3) (); ~ man .
noble-minded [`noubl`ma9nd9d] ,
.
222

nothing
nobody [`noub7d9] .
nod [n6d] 1. v ;
; ;
2. n , ; ,
. .
noise [n69z] -, -; ~less .
noisy [`n69z9] -.
nom de plume [`n6:md7`plu:m] .
nominate [`n6m9ne9t] 1) ; 2) .
nomination [n6m9`ne937n] 1) (); 2) .
nominative [`n6m9n7t9v] . .
none [n0n] ; ; ().
non-party [`n6npa:t9] ,
.
non-productive [n6npr7`d0kt9v] .
non-resistent [n6nr9`z9st7nt]
.
nonsense [`n6ns7ns] ; ,
; talk ~ - ,
.
non-standart [n6n`st5nd7d]
.
noon [nu:n] .
nor [n6:] : neither ... ~ ... ... ..., ...
; neither hot ~ cold ,
; neitr he ~ me was there o,
.
normal [`n6:m7l] , ; ~ize
.
north [n6:4] ; ; ~-east
-; ~-west -; ~ern (-, -).
Norwegian [n6:`v9:d=n] (-, -);
.
nose [nouz] ; blow one's ~
.
nostril [`n6str9l] .
note [nout] 1. n 1) , ; make a
~ , ;
2) . ; 2. v , ;
; ~ -book .
nothing [`n0492] ; ~ but ; ;
~ of the kind ; for ~
, ; smth. for ~
; I have ~ to do with it
.

notice
notice [`nout9s] 1. n 1) ,
, ; give ~
, ;
2) ; take ~ ;
bring to smb.'s ~ ;
3) , ; 2. v ,
; ().
notify [`nout9fa9] , .
notion [`nou37n] 1) , ; I've
no ~ of it ; 2) , -.
notorious [nou`t6:r97s] 1) ; 2) ,
, ().
notwithstanding [n6tw91`st5nd92] ; ; ; .
noun [naun] . .
nourish [`n0r93] 1) , ;
2) (); ~ing ; ~ment
; ; ().
novel [`n6vl] ; .
novelty [`n6v7lt9] 1) , ; 2)
() ; .
November [nou`vemb7] .
now [nau] ; -; ~ and then
; just ~ , ; till ~, up
to ~ .
nowadays [`nau7de9z] , .
nowhere [`nouw87] , .
nuclear [`nju:kl97] ; ~ energy
; ~ test -
; ~ weapons
.
nucleus [`nju:kl97s] ().
nude [nju:d] ( ).
nuisance [`nju:sns] 1) , ;
2) ; ; 3)
(); public~ .
numb [n0m] 1) , ;
2) , , .
number [`n0mb7] 1. n 1) , ; in
~ ; a ~ of , ; 2) ;
2. v 1) ; 2) ; 3) ...
; the population ~s 5000
5000 .
numeral [`nju:m7r7l] 1) . ; 2) .
numerous [`nju:m7r7s] , ; ~ly .

observe
nurse [n7:s] 1. n 1) ; 2)
(); 3) ; 2. v 1)
; 2) .
nursery [`n7:s7r9] ();
~ garden , ; ~ school (2 5 ).
nut [n0t] ; ~ -shell .
nutritious [nju:`tr937s] .

Oo
oak [ouk] ; ~-tree .
oar [6:] 1. n ; 2. v .
oath [ou4] ; ; take an ~
( ).
obedience [7`b9:dj7ns] , ;
.
obedient [7`b9:dj7nt] ; ,
.
obey [7`be9] 1) , ;
2) ; 3) .
object I [`6bd=9kt] 1) , ; 2)
( ); 3) ; 4) .
.
object II [7b`d=ekt] ; ~ion
.
objective [6b`d=ekt9v] 1. n 1) ;
2) . (
); 2. a .
obligation [6bl9`ge93(7)n] 1) , ; repay an ~ / ; undertake an ~
; 2) , .
oblige [7`bla9d=] 1) ;
; 2) , ; be ~d 1)
; 2) .
obscure [7b`skju7] 1) -, ; 2) , , .
observance [7b`z7:v(7)ns] ,
().
observatory [7b`z7:v7tr9] .
observe [7b`z7:v] 1) , ; 2) ,
(- .); 3)
( ); ~r , .
223

obsolete
obsolete [`6bs7l9:t] ,
.
obstacle [`6bst7kl] , ; throw ~s
in smb.'s way ;
/ .
obstinacy [`6bst9n7s9] , .
obstinate [`6bst9n9t] , .
obstruct [7b`str0kt] ;
; ~ion (); .
obtain [7b`te9n] 1) ; ~ a prize
/ ; 2) .
obvious [`6bv97s] -; .
occasion [7`ke9=7n] 1) , ;
profit by the ~ ;
on the ~ of ; 2) ;
; 3) ; ~al ; ~ally
; .
occidental [6ks9`dentl] ; (-, -);
.
occupation [6kju`pe937n] 1) ;
; 2) .
occupy [`6kjupa9] 1) , ( ); 2) (,
); 3) .
occur [7`k7:r] 1) (
); 2) ; 3)
; it ~red to me .
occurrence [7`k7:r7ns] .
ocean [`ou37n] ; ~ bed .
o'clock [7`kl6k] (); at three ~
; it is five ~ .
October [6k`toub7] .
oculist [`6kjul9st] , .
odd [6d] 1) (); ~ and even
; ~ months 31 ; ~ houses
; 2) , -; 3) ; ~ job
; 4) pl. , -;
make ~s even .
odour [`oud7] .
of [6v7v] 1)
(
); member ~ Congress ; 2) : a girl
~ ten ; a dress ~ silk ; he died ~ pneumonia o,
; south ~ Baku . all
~ a sudden ; ~ course .
224

old
off [6(:)f] 1) : I
must be ~ ; ~ with you!
! ! run ~ ;
2) : a long way ~
, ; five miles ~
; 3) , : break ~ the negotiation ; 4) :
switch ~ the light ;
5) : take ~ your coat
; hats ~!
.
offence [7`fens] 1) , , ;
; cause ~ , ;
2) , ( );
3) ; .
offend [7`fend] 1) , ;
; 2) (); ~er
1) , (); 2)
; .
offensive [7`fens9v] 1. a 1) ; 2)
, , ; 3) ;
2. n .
offer [`6f7] 1. n ; 2. v ;
~ one's hand 1) ;
2) .
office [`6f9s] 1) , ; hold ~
; 2) , ; editorial ~ ; public ~ ; ; inquiry
~ ; 3) ; Foreign
~ ().
officer [`6f9s7] 1) ; 2) ,
, .
official [7`f937l] 1. a 1) ; ~ duties
; 2) ; 2. n
, .
off side [`6:f`sa9d] . ,
.
often [`6(:)fn] -, .
oil [69l] 1. n 1) (); sweet ~
; 2) ; ~ derrick ;
~ field ; ~ well ;
3) pl. ; 2. v .
ointment [`69ntm7nt] , ; .
O.K.[`ou`ke9] amer. ! ! everything is O.K. .
old [ould] 1) ; ~ age ; 2) ,
; 3) ; ten years ~ on ;

olive
How old is he? ? the ~
.
olive [`6l9v] 1. n ; 2. a .
Olympic [ou`l9mp9k] ; ~ games
.
ominous [`6m9n7s] , ; .
omit [ou`m9t] , .
on [6n] 1) , ; ,
; -a, -; 2)
: ~ Monday
(Teusday .) (
.); ~ my way home ; ~ business ; ~ duty
; ~ sale ; be ~ strike
; the light is ~ ; what had
he ~? ? go ~
; turn ~ (, ); ().
once [w0ns] 1) ; ~ more, ~ again
; ~ a week ; at
~ , o ; 2) ; ;
~ upon a time , ;
.
ne [w0n] 1. num , ; ~ hundred ;
2. pron 1) ~ another -; 2) , o ; give me the other ~ o
; 3. n ; he is the ~ who
can do it. , ;
the little ~s ().
oneself [w0n`self] ; ; .
onion [`0nj7n] ; ~ skin .
onlooker [`6nluk7] ; .
only [`ounl9] 1. a ; the ~ son
; 2. adv , .
onward [`6nw7d] 1. a ; 2. adv
.
open [`oup7n] 1. a ; in the ~ air
; 2. v , ; ~ fire
; ~ly ().
opening [`oupn92] 1. n 1) ; ;
2) ; 3) (, );
2. a (); ().
opera [`6p7r7] ; ~-glasses ;
~ house .
operate [`6p7re9t] 1) ,
; 2) ; 3) .
; ~d: remotely ~ed
.
operation [6p7`re937n] (
).

original
opinion [7`p9nj7n] , ; public ~ ; in my ~ .
opponent [7`poun7nt] 1) (
); 2) .
opportunity [6p7`tju:n9t9] ,
; take the ~ of
.
oppose [7`pouz] 1) ,
; 2) .
opposite [`6p7z9t] 1. a 1) , ;
; 2) , ; 2. n ;
quite the ~ .
opposition [6p7`z937n] 1) , ;
2) ; -; 3)
().
oppress [7`pres] , .
oppression [7`pre37n] , , .
oppressive [7`pres9v] ; .
oppressor [7`pres7] , ; .
optimis||m [`6pt9m9zm] ; ~t
, .
or [6:] , ; ~ else ,
; either ... ~ ... ... ... .
oral [`6:r7l] ; ~ly .
orange [`6r9nd=] 1. n ; 2. a
.
orchard [`6:t37d] .
orchestra [`6:k9str7] .
order [`6:d7] 1. n 1) , ; get out
of ~ ; call to ~ -
; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ; in
~ to ... ; 2. v 1) ,
; 2) .
ordinal [`6:d9nl] . ~ number .
ordinary [`6:dnr9] , .
ore [6:] , .
organ [`6:g7n] 1) ( );
2) ( ).
organization [6:g7na9`ze937n] ,
.
organize [`6:g7na9z] ; ~r , .
oriental [6:r9`entl] ; .
origin [`6r9d=9n] , ; ~ate
; - (-) .
original [7`r9d=7nl] 1. . 1) ; 2) ; 3) , (); 2. n , ;
.
225

ornament
ornament [`6:n7ment] 1. n , ; 2. v , ; ~al
, .
orphan [`6:f7n] .
osier [`ou=7] ; .
ostrich [`6str9t3] .
other [`017] 1) , o ; every ~ day
; the ~ day ;
2) ; the ~s , ;
~wise 1) ; 2) .
ought [6:t] : you ~ to know that
...; I ~ to go there
.
our, ours [`au7 `au7z] , .
ourself, ourselves [au7`self au7`selvz] ; ; .
ut [aut] -, -; , ; he is
~ o , ; he lives ~ of
town o, ; ~ of
fashion ; ~ of use
; be ~ of money
; ; ~ of work .
outbreak [`autbre9k] 1) ; 2) ()
; (, .).
outcome [`autk0m] .
outer [`aut7] , , ; (); the ~ world ; ~ wear
.
outfit [`autf9t] 1) ; ; 2) .
outline [`autla9n] 1. n 1) , ;
2) , ; 2. v
, .
outlook [`autluk] , , ; world ~ .
out-of-date [`aut7vde9t] ,
.
output [`autput] 1) , ; 2) , ; ().
outrageous [aut`re9d=es] 1) , ;
2) , .
outside [`aut`sa9d] 1. n ;
; 2. a , .
outskirts [`autsk7:ts] pl. 1) ;
2) .
outstanding [aut`st5nd92] , .
outward [`autw7d] , ; ~ things
.
226

overturn
ovl [`ouv7l] 1. n ; 2. a .
oven [`0vn] .
ver [`ouv7] 1. prep 1) , ; , ; 2) , ; ~ the river o ; ~ the
road o ; think ~ ( ); 2. adv ; ;
~ and ~ again ; he is ~ fifty
; all ~ the country ; be ~ ; it is all
~ (); 3) (
) ; ~eat
; ; ~sleep
.
overburden [ouv7`b7:dn]
.
overcoat [`ouv7kout] .
overcome [ouv7`k0m] (overcame; overcome) 1) ; ;
; 2) .
overflow [`ouv7flou] 1) (); 2) .
overfulfil [`ouv7ful`f9l] .
vergrow [`ouv7grou] .
overhead [`ouv7hed] 1. a , ,
; ; ~ road ; ~ costs
/expenses ; 2. adv ,
.
overhear [ouv7`h97] (overheard; overheard)
1) ; 2)
.
overlook [ouv7`luk] 1) , ; 2) ,
.
versea(s) [`ouv7`s9:(z)] 1. adv o ;
; 2. a o , ; ;
~ trade .
overshoe [`ouv73u:] , ( ).
overtake [ouv7`te9k] (overtook; overtaken)
1) ; , ; 2) ().
overthrow [`ouv74rou] (overthrew; overthrown) 1. v 1) ; 2) ; 2. n
, ; ~n .
overtime [`ouv7ta9m] .
overturn [`ouv7t7:n] 1) , ;
2) , .

overwhelm

pardon

overwhelm [ouv7`welm] 1)
( .); 2) .
overwork [`ouv7w7:k]
; .
owe [ou] .
owing [`ou92] : ~ to ; .
owl [aul] .
own [oun] 1. v 1) ; 2)
; ; ~ one's faults
; 2. a 1) ,
( ); 2) ;
my ~ father .
owner [`oun7] , ;
(); ~ship ; , .
[6ks] ; ~en .
oxide [`6ksa9d] . .
oxygen [`6ks9d=7n] .
oyster [`69st7] ( ).
ozone [`ouzoun] . ().

Pp
pace [pe9s] 1. n ; keep ~ with
, ; 2. v ; .
pacific [p7`s9f9k] 1) ; 2) (-, -);
; the Pacific Ocean .
pack [p5k] 1. n , ; , ; a ~ of
cigarettes ; 2. v , .
package [`p5k9d=] ; .
packet [`p5k9t] , , .
pact [p5kt] , , ; ~ of mutual assistance
; Pact of Peace .
pad [p5d] , .
paddle I [`p5dl] 1. n ; 2. v
.
paddle II [`p5dl] 1) ;
2) - .
padlock [`p5dl6k] .
page [pe9d=] 1. n ; 2. v ;
.
pail [pe9l] ; , .

pain [pe9n] 1. n ; ; ; take

~s , ; 2. v 1) ; 2) , ;
~ful 1) , ; 2)
( .).
paint [pe9nt] 1. n ; 2. v 1) ;
2) () ; ~er 1) ;
2) ; ~ing 1) ; 2) .
pair [p87] 1) ; a ~ of socks / shoes / gloves
/ / ; 2) -.
pal [p5l] . , .
palace [`p5l9s] .
palate [`p5l9t] . .
pale [pe9l] 1. a 1) ; 2) ,
(, .); 2. v ,
(, ).
palm I [pa:m] ; ~ful .
palm II [pa:m] .
pamphlet [`p5mfl9t] 1) ; 2) ,
.
pancake [`p5nke9k] , .
pane [pe9n] .
pang [p52] ; ~s .
panic [`p5n9k] ; , .
pansy [`p5nz9] .
pant [p5nt] 1. v 1) ; 2) ; 2. n .
panther [`p5n47] . , .
pants [p5nts] . .
paper [`pe9p7] 1. n ; wall ~
2. a : ~ money ; 3. v
; ~ a room
.
parachute [`p5r73u:t] .
parade [p7`re9d] 1. n , -;
2. v .
paradise [`p5r7da9s] ; . .
paragraph [`p5r7gra:f] 1) , ;
2) ; .
parallel [`p5r7lel] ; in ~ ,
; draw a ~ between
.
paralyse [`p5r7la9z] ;
.
paralysis [p7`r5l9s9s] , .
parcel [`pa:sl] ; .
pardon [`pa:dn] 1. n ; ; I
beg your ~ ! 2. v ;
227

parents
; ; ~ me!
; .
parents [`p87r7nts] pl. .
park [pa:k] 1. n ; 2. v
.
parliament [`pa:l7m7nt] .
parlour [`pa:l7] .
parrot [`p5r7t] .
parsley [`pa:sl9] . .
part [pa:t] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) ; take
~ in ; 3) (); play a
~ ; 2. v 1), ;
2) .
partial [`pa:37l] ; .
participant [pa:`t9s9p7nt] .
participate [pa:`t9s9pe9t] .
participle [`pa:ts9pl] . ;
.
particle [`pa:t9kl] 1) , ,
; 2) . .
particular [p7`t9kjul7] 1. a 1) , ;
; 2) , ;
3) ; 2. n : in ~ ; ; ~ly .
parting [`pa:t92] ; .
partisan [pa:t9`z5n] 1) ; ~s of peace
; 2) .
partition [pa:`t937n] 1) ,
; 2) ; 3) .
partly [`pa:tl9] , .
partner [`pa:tn7] , ; .
partridge [`pa:tr9d=] . .
party I [`pa:t9] ; ~ dues
; ~ man .
party II [`pa:t9] 1) , ; 2) . ;
3) ; give a ~ ;
.
pass [pa:s] 1. v 1) ();
; 2) ; 3) ;
2. n 1) ; ; 2) ;
3) , ().
passage [`p5s9d=] 1) ; 2) ,
; 3) ().
passenger [`p5s9nd=7] .
passer-by [`pa:s7`ba9] .
passion [`p537n] 1) ; ,
; 2) , ; 3) ,
; fall into ~ ; ;
~ate , .
228

peace
passive [`p5s9v] 1) ; ;
2) . ().
passport [`pa:sp6:t] .
past [pa:st] 1.a.1) ; ; 2) .
; 2. v ; ; 3. adv
; walked ~ ,
; 4. prep : ten minutes ~ four
5- 10 .
paste [pe9st] 1. n 1) ; 2) ,
; 2. v .
pastime [`pa:sta9m] ;
.
pasture [`pa:st37] .
patch [p5t3] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v .
ptent [`pe9t7nt] 1. n 1) (
);
2)
; 2. a. 1) , ; 2) .
paternal [p7`t7:nl] ; (-, -).
path [pa:4] , .
pathetic [p7`4et9k] , ,
.
patience [`pe937ns] , , .
patient [`pe937nt] 1. n , ( ); 2. a , .
patriot [`pe9tr97t] ; ~ic ; the Great Patriotic War
, ~ism .
patron [`pe9tr7n] 1) , ; 2) , ; ~ize
.
pattern [`p5t7n] 1) , ; 2) ,
; 3) ().
pause [p6:z] 1. n , ; 2. v , .
pave [pe9v] (); ~ the way
; ~ment .
pavilion [p7`v9lj7n] 1) ; 2) .
paw [p6:] .
pawn I [p6:n] . .
pawn II [p6:n] .
pay [pe9] 1. v (paid; paid) ,
; 2. n , ; ; ~ment
, .
pea [pi:] ; as like as two ~s
, .
peace [p9:s] 1) ; ~ treaty ; make ~ ;

peach
2) , ; ~loving ; ~ful
, .
peach [p9:t3] .
peacock [`p9:k6k] .
peak [p9:k] .
peanut [`p9:n0t] , .
pear [p87] .
pearl [p7:l] 1) ; 2) .
peasant [`pez7nt] .
pebble [`pebl] ; .
peck [pek] .
peculiar [p9`kju:lj7] 1) -, ;
2) , ; ~ to ; .
pedal [`pedl] .
pedestrian [p9`destr97n] .
peel [p9:l] 1. n ; 2. v 1) ();
2) .
peep [p9:p] 1) , ;
(); 2) ; 3) ;
.
peer I [p97] , .
peer II [p97] 1) ; 2) , .
peg [peg] 1) ; 2) ; .
pen [pen] ; ; ~-friend ; ~-name
.
penalty [`penlt9] ; ; ~ kick .
.
pencil [`pensl] ; in ~
().
penetrate [`pen9tre9t] ; .
peninsula [p9`n9nsjul7] .
penknife [`penna9f] .
penny [`pen9] (pl. pence) ( ,
1/12)
pension [`pen37n] , .
people [`p9:pl] 1) , ; 2) ;
; young ~ ; 3) ; my
~ .
pepper [`pep7] ; ~-box, ~-pot .
perceive [p7`si:v] 1) , ; ; 2) , .
per cent [p7`sent] .
perception [p7`sep37n] , .
perfect [`p7:f9kt] 1. a 1) , ;
; 2) , ; 2. . ;

petrol
(); 3. v 1) ,
; 2) ; ~ly .
perform [p7`f6:m] 1) ; 2)
; ().
performance [p7`f6:m7ns] .
perfume [`p7:fju:m] 1. n ; 2. v .
perhaps [p7`h5ps] , .
peril [`per9l] , ; ~ous .
period [`p97r97d] , .
perish [`per93] .
permanent [`p7:m7n7nt] 1) ; 2)
.
permission [p7`m937n] .
permit [p7`m9t] 1. v ; 2. n
.
perpendicular [p7:p7n`d9kjul7] .
perpetual [p7`petju7l] , .
perplex [p7`pleks] , ; .
persecute [`p7:s9kju:t] .
persecution [p7:s9`kju:37n] ; .
perseverance [p7:s9`v97r7ns] ;
; .
Persian [`p7:37n] ; (-, -)
persist [p7`s9st] (in) , ;
~ent .
person [`p7:sn] , ; ~al ; ~ality
; ~ally .
perspiration [p7:sp7`re937n] 1) ;
2) .
perspire [p7`spa97] .
persuade [p7`swe9d] 1) ; 2)
, .
pertain [p7:`te9n] ; ;
.
perverse [p7`v7:s] 1) ; ,
; 2) , ; 3) .
pest [pest] 1) , ; 2) .
.
pet [pet] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v , ;
.
petal [`petl] . ().
petition [p9`t937n] (, ).
petrol [`petr7l] ; draw ~ ().
229

petroleum
petroleum [p9`troul97m] ; .
petty [`pet9] 1) ; ; 2) .
pharmacy [`fa:m7s9] .
phase [fe9z] 1) ; 2) , .
philologist [f9`l6l7d=9st] .
philology [f9`l6l7d=9] .
philosopher [f9`l6s7f7] .
philosophy [f9`l6s7f9] .
phone [foun] 1. n ; on the ~ ;
by the ~ ; 2. v .
photograph [`fout7gra:f] 1. n ; 2. v
; ~er .
phrase [fre9z] , ; .
physical [`f9z9k7l] fiziki; maddi, cismany.
physician [f9`z937n] , .
physicist [`f9z9s9st] .
physics [`f9z9ks] .
piano [`pj5nou] ; grand ~ .
pick [p9k] 1) , (, );
2) ; 3) ; ~ out -
; ~ up (), .
pickle [`p9kl] 1. n ; 2. v /
; ~d / .
picture [`p9kt37] 1. n 1) , ;
2) ; 3) the ~s ; 2. v .
picturesque [p9kt37`resk] 1) ;
; 2) ().
pie [pa9] ; to have a finger in the
~ .
piece [p9:s] 1) , ; a ~ of paper
; 2) , ; a ~ of art ; a ~ of poetry .
pier [p97] 1) , ; 2) ;
3) , .
pierce [p97s] 1) , ;
2) .
pig [p9g] .
pigeon [`p9d=7n] .
pike [pa9k] .
pile [pa9l] 1. n , , ; 2. v , - ; ~d , .
pill [p9l] .
pillar [`p9l7] ; ~-box .
pillow [`p9lou] , ; ~-case .
pilot [`pa9l7t] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ( ); 2. v (, ).
pin [p9n] 1. n ; 2. v ;
.
230

plstic
pincers [`p9ns7z] 1) ; 2) ... ;
3) .
pinch [p9nt3] 1. v ; ;
2. n .
pine I [pa9n] ; ~-cone .
pine II [pa9n] 1) (for);
; 2) ().
pineapple [`pa9n5pl] .
pink [p92k] 1. a ; 2. n bot. .
pioneer [pa97`n97] .
pious [`pa97s] , .
pipe [pa9p] 1) ; 2) ( ); 3) .
pistol [`p9stl] , .
pit [p9t] 1) , ; 2) , , ; 3) . .
pitch [p9t3] .
pitch-dark [`p9t3`da:k] ; .
piteous [`p9t97s] , ; .
pitiless [`p9t9l9s] , , .
pity [`p9t9] 1. n 1) , ; have a
~ , ; 2) ;
what a ~ ! 2. v ; ( ).
pivot [`p9v7t] 1) ; 2) , ; , ().
place [ple9s] 1. n ; take ~ ;
; 2. v , .
plain [ple9n] 1. a 1) ; ; 2) ; ~ly
-; ~ness 1) ; 2) ;
2. n .
plaintive [`ple9nt9v] , .
plait [ple9t] 1. n 1) ; 2) ();
2. v ().
plan [pl5n] 1. n 1) ; ; ;
2) , ; 2. v ;
.
plane I [ple9n] 1) ; 2) ; .
plane II [ple9n] 1. n ; 2. v ,
.
planet [`pl5n9t] .
plank [pl52k] , .
plant I [pla:nt] 1. n ; 2. v .
plant II [pla:nt] , .
plantation [pl5n`te937n] .
plaster [`pla:st7] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; ;
2. v .
plstic [`pl5st9k] 1. a ; ~ clay , ;
2. n , .

plate
plate [ple9t] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
, .
play [ple9] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) ; ; 2. v 1) ; 2) ().
playhouse [`ple9haus] .
playwright [`ple9ra9t] .
plead [pl9:d] 1) (); 2) (); 3)
, (for).
pleasant [`pleznt] ; ; .
please [pl9:z] 1) ; ;
2) ; be ~d 1) ;
2) ; ~ ! ,
; .
pleasure [`ple=7] , , ; take ~ in
, ; with ~ .
pleat [pl9:t] , ().
plenty [`plent9] , ; ~ of ,
.
plot [pl6t] 1. n 1) ; 2) , ,
; 3) ; 2. v 1) , ; 2) .
plough [plau] 1. n ; 2. v .
pluck I [pl0k] 1) ; 2)
().
pluck II [pl0k] , .
plum [pl0m] .
plump [pl0mp] , .
plunder [`pl0nd7] 1. n ; ; 2. v , .
plunge [pl0nd=] 1. v , ; ; 2. n .
plural [`plu:r7l] . .
plus [pl0s] 1) . , ;
; 2) .
plywood [`pla9wud] .
p.m. [`p9:`em] (post meridiem)
.
pneumonia [nju:`mounj7] ,
.
pocket [`p6k9t] 1. n ; 2. v ,
; .
poem [`pou9m] ; .
poet [`pou9t] ; ~ry ; .
point [p69nt] 1. n 1) ; 2) , ;
the ~ is ; 3) ; 2. v
1) (); ;

port
~ out ; ~ed 1) ;
2) -.
poison [`p69zn] 1. n ; 2. v ;
~ous .
polar [`poul7] (-, -); ~ bear .
Pole [poul] , ; the ~s .
pole I [poul] ; .
pole II [poul] .
police [p7`l9:s] ; ~man ; ~ station .
policy [`p6l9s9] ; peace ~ ; for reasons of ~ .
polish [`p6l93] 1. v , ,
; 2. n 1) , ;
2) , .
polite [p7`la9t] , ; ,
; ~ly , ; ~ness , .
political [p7`l9t9k7l] .
politician [p6l9`t937n] , .
politics [`p6l9t9ks] .
poll [poul] 1. n 1) (); 2) , ; 3)
; 2. v .
pomp [p6mp] , -, ;
~ous , -.
pond [p6nd] , ; .
pony [`poun9] ( ).
pool [pu:l] , .
poor [pu7] 1) , ; 2) , ; 3) , ; ~ health
; the ~ .
pope [poup] ( ).
poplar [`p6pl7] . .
poppy [`p6p9] . .
popular [`p6pjul7] 1) (-, -); 2) , , ;
; ~ity ,
.
population [p6pju`le937n] , .
porcelain [`p6:sl9n] 1) , ; 2) .
porch [p6:t3] 1) (
, ); ; 2) . , .
pore [p6:] ; .
pork [p6:k] .
porridge [`p6r9d=] .
port [p6:t] , .
231

porter
porter [`p6:t7] 1) ; 2) .
portion [`p6:37n] , .
portait [`p6:tr9t] ; ~ist .
Portuguese [p6:tju`g9:z] 1) ;
2) (-, -); 3) .
pose [pouz] , , .
position [p7`z937n] 1) ; 2) , ; 3) .
positive [`p6z9t9v] 1) ; 2) ; ; 3) , .
possess [p7`zes] 1) ; 2)
; ; ~ion 1) ;
2) , ; ~ive: ~ case
. .
possibility [p7s9`b9l9t9] 1) , ; 2) , .
possible [`p6s9bl] .
post I [poust] 1. n ; 2. v .
post II [poust] 1) ( ); 2) , .
post III [poust] 1. n
(, ,
.); 2. v ; ~card
, .
posterity [p6s`ter9t9] ; .
postman [`poustm7n] .
post-office [`poust6f9s] .
postpone [poust`poun] ,
.
pot [p6t] 1) , , ; 2) ;
3) ; tea~ .
potato [p7`te9tou] .
poultry [`poultr9] ; ~ farm , ~-house .
pound I [paund] 1) ();
, ; 2) .
pound II [paund] 1) ( ,
453,6 ); ; 2) ( ).
pour [p6:] ( ); It's
~ing .
poverty [`p6v7t9] .
powder [`paud7] 1. n 1) ();
2) , ; 3) ; 2. v 1)
; ; 2) ;
~y .
power [`pau7] 1) , , ; 2) ; 3) ; the Great Powers
232

premise
; ~ful ; ;
~less , .
practical [`pr5kt9k7l] 1) , ,
; 2) , ; ~ly
, .
practice [`pr5kt9s] 1) ; put into
~ ; 2) . .
praise [pre9z] 1. v ; 2. v .
pray [pre9] 1) ; 2) ; ~er
1) ; 2) , ; 3)
.
preach [pr9:t3] 1) ; ;
2) , .
precarious [pr9`k87r97s] 1) ; 2) ; .
precaution [pr9`k6:37n] , ; take ~s (against) .
precede [pr9:`s9:d] 1) ,
; 2) ().
preceding [pr9:`s9:d92] ;
.
precipice [`pres9p9s] .
precise [pr9`sa9s] ; ,
.
precision [pr9`s9=7n] ; .
predecessor [`pr9:d9ses7] 1) ; 2)
, .
predicate [`pred9k9t] . .
predict [pr9`d9kt]
; ; ~ion
;
.
preface [`pref9s] ; .
prefer [pr9`f7:] , ; ~ence 1) ; 2) .
prefix [`pr9:f9ks] . .
pregnant [`pregn7nt] 1) ; 2)
, , .
prejudice [`pred=ud9s] 1. n 1)
; 2) , ; 3) ; 2. v 1) , ,
( ); 2) .
preliminary [pr9`l9m9n7r9] , , .
premise [`prem9s] , ; .

preparation
preparation [prep7`re937n] ; ; make ~s .
prepare [pr9`p87] ; .
preposition [prep7`z937n] . .
prescription [pr9s`kr9p37n] 1) ;
; 2) . , .
presence [`prezns] 1) ; 2) ; in
his ~ .
present I [`preznt] 1. n ; at
~ -; for the ~ ; 2. a 1) , ; ~ tense . ;
2) ; ; be ~ ;
().
present II 1. n [`preznt] ; 2. v [pr9`zent]
1) ; 2) ;
.
presentiment [pr9`zent9m7nt]
, , .
presently [`prezntl9] 1) , ;
2) .
preservation [prez7:`ve937n] 1)
; 2) ; ;
; 3) .
preserve [pr9`z7:v] 1) ;
; ; 2) ; ~ed .
preside [pr9`za9d] .
president [`prez9d7nt] 1) ; 2) .
press I [pres] 1. v 1) , ;
2) ; 3) ; 2. . ,
; ~ing 1) ; 2) , .
press II [pres] (, ).
pressure [`pre37] 1) ; 2) .
presumptuous [pr9`z0mptju7s]
, ; .
pretend [pr9`tend] 1) ... , ; 2) .
pretext [`pr9:tekst] ; on the ~ of ...
.
pretty [`pr9t9] 1. a , ; 2. adv
, ; It's ~ hot here
.
prevail [pr9`ve9l] 1) ,
, ; 2) , .
prevalent [`prev7l7nt] 1) ;
2) , ,
.

problem
prevent [pr9`vent] 1) ; 2) (
) (from); ;
~ion ; ~ion of accidents
.
previous [`pr9:vj7s] , ,
; ~ly .
pre-war [`pr9:`w6:] .
prey [pre9] 1) ; 2) . ; beast
of ~ ; fall a ~ to
.
price [pra9s] ; at any ~ ; of great ~ .
priceless [pra9sl9s] , .
prick [pr9k] 1) , (,
.); 2) ; ~y .
prickle [`pr9kl] , ( ).
pride [pra9d] ; ; ;
take ~ in .
priest [pr9:st] 1) ; 2) .
primary [`pra9m7r9] 1) , ; 2) ,
; ~ school .
prime [pra9m] 1) , ; ; Prime
Minister ; 2) ; ~ crop
.
primitive [`pr9m9t9v] 1) , ;
2) .
prince [pr9ns] ; ; ~ss
.
principal [`pr9ns7p7l] 1. n 1) , ;
2) ; 2. a , , ; . ~ clause .
priniciple [`pr9ns7pl] , ; ;
-; in ~ ; on
~ .
print [pr9nt] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ;
3) ; 2.v .
printing-house [`pr9nt92haus] .
priority [pra9`6r9t9] .
prison [`pr9zn] ; ~er ;
().
privte [`pra9v9t] 1. a ; 2. n ().
privilege [`pr9v9l9d=] ; ; ~d
.
prize [pra9z] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) ;
; 2. v ; .
probability [pr6b7`b9l9t9] .
probably [`pr6b7bl9] ; .
problem [`pr6bl7m] , .
233

proceed
proceed [pr7`s9:d] 1) (, .); 2) ; ~ing
1) , ; 2) ; 3) pl , .
process [`prouses] 1) (
); ; 2) . .
procession [pr7`se37n] ;
; .
proclaim [pr7`kle9m] 1) , , ; 2) .
proclamation [pr6kl7`me937n] , , .
procure [pr7`kju7] ,
; .
produce 1. v [pr7`dju:s] 1) ;
2) , ; 2. n [`pr6dju:s]
1) , ; 2) .
producer [pr7`dju:s7] 1) ;
2) .
product [`pr6d7kt] , ; .
production [pr6`d7k37n] 1) ;
2) ; .
profession [pr7`fe37n] , ; .
professionl [pr7`fe37nl] 1. n ;
2. a (- -); .
professor [pr7`fes7] .
profit [`pr6f9t] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ;
net ~ ; 2. v 1) ;
2) ; ~able , ; .
profound [pr7`faund] ; .
program(me) [`prougr7m] 1) ;
2) ; 3) .
programming [`prougr7m92] .
progress 1. n [`prougres] , ,
; 2. v [pr7`gres] (), : ~ive 1) , ; 2) - .
prohibit [pr7`h9b9t] ; ~ion
[prouh9`b937n] .
project 1. n [`pr6d=ekt] , ; 2. v
[pr7`d=ekt] .
proletarian [proule`t87r97n] 1. n ;
2. a (-, -).
proletariate [proule`t87r97t] .
prolong [pr7`l62] ; ~ed
; .
234

prosecute
prominent [`pr6m9n7nt] 1) ; ; 2) , .
promise [`pr6m9s] 1. n ; 2. v 1)
, ; 2) .
promote [pr7`mout] 1) (); 2) ; 3)
().
promotion [pr7`mou37n] 1)
(); 2) , .
prompt I [pr6mpt] 1) , ; 2) ;
; ~ly , .
prompt II [pr6mpt] 1) ;
; 2) ( ); ~er
. .
pronoun [`prounaun] . .
pronounce [pr7`nauns] 1) .
; 2) , ; ~ a
sentence . .
pronunciation [pr7n0ns9`e937n] 1) .
; 2) .
proof [pru:f] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ;
3) .
prop [pr6p] 1. n , ; 2. v
; .
propaganda [pr6p7`g5nd7] .
proper [`pr6p7] 1), ; 2)
, ; ; 3) ; ~ name,
~ noun . : ~ly ,
-.
property [`pr6p7t9] 1) ;
; man of ~ ;
2) .
prophesy [`pr6f9sa9] .
prophet [`pr6f9t] .
proportion [pr7`p6:37n] 1) , ;
2) ; ~al , .
proposal [pr7`pouz7l] .
propose [pr7`pouz] 1) ,
; 2) .
proposition [pr6p7`z937n] 1) ; 2) ,
.
proprietor [pr7`pra97t7] ; .
prose [prouz] , .
prosecute [`pr6s9kju:t] 1) (),
; 2)
.

prosecution
prosecution [pr6s9`kju:37n] 1)
( ); 2) . .
prospect 1. n [`pr6spekt] 1) ;
2) ; 2. v [pr7s`pekt]
( ).
prosper [`pr6sp7] .
prosperity [pr6s`p7r9t9] 1) ;
2) .
prosperous [`pr6sp7r7s] 1) , ; 2) .
protect [pr7`tekt] 1) ; 2) .
protection [pr7`tek37n] 1) ; 2) , .
protector [pr7`tekt7] 1) ;
2) ; .
protest 1. v [pr7`test] 1) ; 2. n
[`proutest] , .
proud [praud] ; be ~ of .
prove [pru:v] 1) ; 2)
; .
proverb [`pr6v7b] , -.
provide [pr7`va9d] 1) ;
; 2) ();
~d .
providence [`pr6v9d7ns] , , .
province [`pr6v9ns] 1) , ;
2) .
provision [pr7`v9=7n] 1) , ;
2) pl , ; 3) ().
provocation [pr6v7`ke937n] ;
, .
provocative [pr7`v6k7t9v] 1) ; 2) .
provoke [pr7`vouk] 1) ; 2) ; .
prudent [`pru:d7nt] , ,
.
public [`p0bl9k] 1. a 1) ; ; 2) ; ; ~ lecture ;
~ library ; ~ man ; ~ office ;
2. n the ~ , .
publication [p0bl9`ke937n] , ;
.
publicity [p0b`l9s9t9] 1) ; 2) .

push
publish [`p0bl93] ; ;
~er ; ~ing house .
pudding [`pud92] .
puff [p0f] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
2. v 1) (); 2) .
pull [pul] 1. v 1) ; 2) ();
~ about o - ; ~ down
(); ~ out () , ; 2. n , .
pulp [p0lp] 1) . ( ); 2) ,
.
pulse [p0ls] 1. n ; feel the ~ ; 2. v ( ).
pump [p0mp] 1. n ; 2. v
(); ~ out ().
pumpkin [`pumpk9n] .
punch I [p0nt3] , .
punch II [p0nt3] 1. v ,
; 2. n .
punch III [p0nt3] ( ).
punctual [`p02ktju7l] .
punctuation [p02ktju`e937n]: ~ marks
.
punish [`p0n93] ; ~ment .
pupil I [`pju:pl] .
pupil II [`pju:pl] .
puppy [`p0p9] .
purchase [`p7:t37s] 1. v , ;
2. n , .
pure [pju7] 1) , , ; 2) , ; 3) , .
purge [p7:d=] . .
purity [`pju7r9t9] , .
purple [`p7:pl] 1) , ;
2) .
purpose [`p7:p7s] , ; on ~ ; ; on ~ to ; to no
~ .
purr [p7:] 1. n ( );
; 2. v , .
purse [p7:s] ; . .
pursue [p7`sju:] 1) , ;
2) (); 3) ; ~ the
policy of peace .
pursuit [p7`sju:t] 1) ; ;
; 2) .
push [pu3] 1. v 1) , ;
2) , ; 2. n 1) , ; ; 2) .
235

pussy-cat

radiation

pussy-cat [`pus9k5t] , ;
.
put [put] (put; put) , ;
~ down , ; ~ off
, ; ~ out (, , .)
puzzle [`p0zl] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
2. v ; , ; ~ over ; .
pyramid [`p9r7m9d] 1) . ; 2) .

Qq
quadrangle [`kw6dr52gl] .
quadrate [`kw6dr9t] .
qualification [kw6l9f9`ke937n] 1) ;
2) , .
qualify [`kw6l9fa9] ;
.
quality [`kw6l9t9] 1) , ;
, ; 2) .
quantity [`kw6nt9t9] , .
quarrel [`kw6r7l] 1. n ; ,
; 2. v , .
quarry [`kw6r9] , .
quarter [`kw6:t7] 1. n 1) , ,
; divide into ~s ;
2) 15 ; it's a ~ past one
15 ; a ~ to ... 15 ;
3) , ; 4) pl ; .
; 2. v ().
quartet(te) [kw6:`tet] . ;
.
quash [kw63] .
quay [k9:] , (
).
queen [kw9:n] 1) ; ; 2) .
, .
queer [kw97] 1) , , -;
2) feel ~ .
quell [kwel] , .
quench [kwent3] 1) ();
2) ; 3) .
quest [kwest] .
question [`kwest37n] 1. n 1) : put a ~
; 2) , ; the ~ is 236

; beyond all ~s ;
2. v 1) , ; 2) , ; 3) .
questionnaire [kwest37`n87] ; .
queue [kju:] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v (up)
; 2) .
quick [kw9k] , ; be ~ ! ! !
~ly , .
quicksilver [`kw9ks9lv7] .
quiet [`kwa97t] 1. n ; 2. a ; ;
keep ~ ; in a ~ corner
; 3. v , ;
~ down .
quilt [kw9lt] 1. n (); 2. v ().
quince [kw9ns] . .
quit [kw9t] , .
quite [kwa9t] , ; .
quiver [`kw9v7] 1. v , ; 2. n
, .
quatation [kwou`te937n] ; ~ marks .
quote [kwout] ; .

Rr
rabbit [`r5b9t] .
race I [re9s] 1) , ; 2) ;
3) pl , ; ;
arms ~ .
race II [re9s] .
racial [`re937l] ; ~ discrimination
-.
racism [`re9s9z7m] .
racket I [`r5k9t] , ( .), ; ~eer , -
. .
racket II [`r5k9t] ( ).
radiant [`re9dj7nt] , , ;
.
radiate [`re9d9e9t] / ; .
radiation [re9d9`e937n] 1) ; ; 2) .

radiator
radiator [re9d9`e9t7] .
radical [`r5d9k7l] 1. a , ; ; 2. n 1) . (
); 2) . , .
radio [`re9d9ou] ; ~-set -.
radish [`r5d93] .
radius [`re9dj7s] .
rag [r5g] 1) ; 2) -.
rage [re9d=] 1. n , ; fly into a
~ ; 2. v 1) (), ; 2) (, .)
ragged [`r5g9d] 1) , ; 2) - .
raid [re9d] , ; ~er ,
.
rail [re9l] 1) , ; 2)
; 3) ; go by ~ .
railing [`re9l92] ; .
railroad [`re9lroud] . .
railway [`re9lwe9] .
rain [re9n] 1. n ; be caught in the
~ ; 2. v : it ~s, it's ~ing
; it ~s hard
;
rainy [`re9n9] .
rainbow [`re9nbou] .
rain-coat [`re9nkout] , .
raise [re9z] 1. v 1) ; 2) ,
; 3) ; 4)
(); 2. n , ( .).
raisin [`re9zn] , .
rake [re9k] 1. n , ; ;
2. v. ; .
rally [`r5l9] 1. n , , ; 2. v
; .
ram [r5m] ().
ranch [ra:nt3] , .
random [`r5nd7m]: at ~ , .
range [re9nd=] 1. n 1) ; 2) ,
, ; ; 3) ;
2. v 1) ; 2) ().
rank [r52k] 1) , ; 2) ; ;
hold ~ ; .
rankle [`r52kl] 1) ; 2) .
ransack [`r5ns5k] (,
); .

reaction
ransom [`r5ns7m] 1. n
; 2. v ,
.
rapid [`r5p9d] , ;
rapture [`r5pt37] , .
rare [r87] 1) , -; 2) .
rarely [`r87l9] , -.
rareness [`r87n9s] 1) ; 2)
.
rarity [`r87r9t9] , ; .
rascal [`ra:sk7l] .
rash I [r53] , .
rash II [r53] . .
raspberry [`ra:zb7r9] .
rat [r5t] .
rate [re9t] 1. n 1) , ; ;
2) ; ; 3) ,
; 4) ; at any ~ ;
at this ~ , ; 2. v.
1) , ;
2) .
rather [`ra:17] 1) ox, , , 2) , .
ratification [r5t9f9`ke937n] ; ( .
).
ratify [`r5t9fa9] . (, .).
ration [`r537n] , , .
rational [`r537nl] , ; .
rattle [`r5tl] 1. v , ,
; 2. n 1) , ;
2) -, ( ).
raven [`re9vn] .
raw [r6:] 1) , ; 2) ; ; ~ material .
ray [re9] .
razor [`re9z7] .
re [r9:] . ...; ~ your letter
.
re- [r9:-] : ~read ;
~new .
reach [r9:t3] 1. v 1) , ; 2)
, ; (for);
3) , (
); 2. n within ~ ,
; out of ~ .
reaction [r9:`5k37n] 1) ; 2) , ; 3) .
; ~ary . .
237

read
read [r9:d] (read, read); (); ~er
; ~ing , .
ready [`red9] ; ~ money .
ready-made [`red9`me9d] ().
real [r97l] , ; ~ property, ~ estate
-.
realistic [r97`l9st9k] 1) ; 2) .
reality [r9:`5l9t9] 1) , ; ;
2) ; 3) .
realize [`r97la9z] 1) (
.); 2) , .
really [`r97l9] ; , .
reap [r9:p] 1) ; 2) ;
~er 1) ; 2) .
rear I [r97] 1. a (-, -); 2. n ,
; in the ~ (.).
rear II [r97] 1) (, .);
2) , ; 3) .
reason [`r9:zn] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ,
, ; 2. v , ; ~able 1) ; 2) ().
reassure [r9:7`3u7] ; .
rebel 1. n [`rebl] , ; 2. v [r9`bel]
; ; ~lion
; , ; ~lious .
recall [r9`k6:l] 1. v 1) (, .); 2) ; 3)
; 2. n .
receipt [r9`s9:t] 1) , ; 2) .
receive [r9`s9:v] 1) ; 2)
().
receiver [r9`s9:v7] 1) (); 2) . ; 3) , .
recent [`r9:snt] , ;
~ly , .
reception [r9`sep37n] 1) ; ;
2) (); 3) , .
recite [r9`sa9t] ,
( ); .
reckless [`rekl9s] 1) ; 2) ,
.
reckon [`rek7n] 1) ; 2) , ; 3) ~ (on) , ( ).
recognition [rek7g`n937n] 1) ();
2) ; 3) , ; win ~ (from)
/ .
238

refer
recognize [`rek7gna9z] .
recollect [rek7`lekt] .
recommend [rek7`mend] 1) ; 2) ; ~ation ,
; .
recompense [`rek7mpens] 1. v , ; 2. n ; ;
; .
reconcile [`rek7nsa9l] ; ~ment
.
reconnaissance [r9`k6n9s7ns] .
reconstruct [r9:k7ns`tr0kt] ,
; ~ion , .
record 1. v [r9`k6:d] 1) , ; ;
2) (); 2. n
[`rek6:d] 1) , ; ; 2) ; ; 3) ( ); beat (break) the ~ .
; bad ~ ad; off the
~ , -.
recover [r9`k0v7] 1) ;
; ; 2) ,
; ~ oneself, ~ consciousness
; ~y , ,
.
recruit [r9`kru:t] 1. n
; 2. v , (
).
recur [r9`k7:] 1) ( );
; 2) ; ~rent
(-).
red [red] .
redeem [r9`d9:m] 1)
; 2) ( .);
3) ( .).
reduce [r9`dju:s] 1) , ;
~ prices ; 2) (to); .
reduction [r9`d0k37n] 1) , ;
; 2) (, ).
reed [r9:d] , .
reef [r9:f] . ( ).
reel I [r9:l] 1) , ; 2) . .
reel II [r9:l] 1) ; ;
; 2) , .
refer [r9`f7:] 1) , ;
2) (to); 3) ;

refine
4) ; ; ~rence 1) ; ; 2) ; with ~rence
to... , .
refine [r9`fa9n] 1) , ;
2) ; ~d 1) ,
; 2) , ; ~ment 1) , ; 2) ; 3) , .
reflect [r9`flekt] 1) ; ; 2) , - ;
~ion 1) , ; 2) ;
.
reform [r9`f6:m] 1. v 1) ; 2) , ; ; 2. n ; .
refrain I [r9`fre9n] (
).
refrain II [r9`fre9n] .
refresh [r9`fre3] 1) ; ;
2) .
refreshment [r9`fre3m7nt] 1) ; (, );
2) ; 3) pl ; ~ -room .
refrigerator [r9`fr9d=7re9t7] , .
refuge [`refju:d=] , ;
take ~ ; ; give
~ .
refugee [refju:`d=9:] 1) ; 2) .
refusal [r9`fju:z7l] ; .
refuse [r9`fju:z] 1) ; 2)
; ; 3) .
refute [r9`fju:t] , .
regain [r9`ge9n] ;
; ~ consciousness , ; ~ one's health .
regard [r9`ga:d] 1. v 1) ; 2) ; 3) ( ); 4) ;
as ~s ; 2. n 1) ; 2) ;
; 3) ; ~less (of) ,
.
regenerate [r9`d=en7r9t] 1) , ; 2) ; ;
.
regeneration [r9d=en7`re937n] ,
( ).
regiment [`red=9m7nt] . , .

relax
region [`r9:d=7n] 1) , ; 2)
(); 3) , ; in the ~ of
1) ; 2) ; the abdominal ~ .
register [`red=9st7] 1. n (
); 2. v ; ; ~ed letter
.
regress [r9`gres] , ;
~ion , .
regret [r9`gret] 1. v 1) ; 2) ; I ~ to say ; 2. n 1) ; 2) .
regular [`regjul7] 1) ; 2) .
regulate [`regjule9t] 1) ; ; 2) .
regulation [regju`le937n] 1) ,
; 2) pl .
rehabilitate [r9:7`b9l9te9t] , .
rehabilitation [`r9:7b9l9`te937n] , ; ; .
rehearsal [r9`h7:s7l] , .
rehearse [r9`h7:s] .
reign [re9n] 1. n (,
.); 2. v , .
rein [re9n] ; keep a tight ~ on smb.
; the
~ of government , .
reindeer [`re9nd97] .
reinforce [r9:9n`f6:s] ; , .
reject [r9`d=ekt] 1) , ; 2) ; ~ion 1) ;
; 2) .
rejoice [r9`d=69s] 1) ; ;
2) .
relate [r9`le9t] 1) , ;
2) ; .
relation [r9`le937n] 1) , , ; 2) ; in ~ to ; ~ship
1) ; 2) , .
reltive [`rel7t9v] 1. a ; ;
2. n ; a remote ~ .
relax [r9`l5ks] 1) , (); 2) ; .
239

relaxation
relaxation [r9:l5k`se937n] 1) , ; 2) ().
release [r9`l9:s] 1. v 1) (); 2) (, );
3) (); 2. n .
relent [r9`lent] ; ;
~less , .
reliable [r9`la97bl] , .
reliance [r9`la97ns] , .
relief [r9`l9:f] 1) ; 2) , , .
relieve [r9`l9:v] 1) (
.); (); 2) ; 3) ; 4) ().
religion [r9`l9d=7n] .
religious [r9`l9d=7s] 1) ; 2) .
reluctant [r9`l0kt7nt] ,
, ; be ~ , ; ~ly ,
.
rely [r9`la9] (upon) , ;
; ~ upon it! !
remain [r9`me9n] 1. v ; 2. n pl. 1) ; 2) ; ~der .
remark [r9`ma:k] 1. v 1) , ; 2) ; 2. n ,
; ; ~able 1) , ; 2) .
remedy [`rem7d9] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
2. v 1) ; 2) .
remember [r9`memb7] ;
; ~ me (to)... ... .
remembrance [r9`membr7ns] 1) ,
; 2) , .
remind [r9`ma9nd] , .
reminiscence [rem9`n9sns] .
remnant [`remn7nt] .
remorse [r9`m6:s] ; ;
without ~ , ;
.
remote [r9`mout] 1) , ;
2) , .
removal [r9`mu:v7l] 1) ,
( ); 2) ; .
remove [r9`mu:v] 1) ( );
2) , ; ~r .
240

reprimand
renew [r9`nju:] ; .
renounce [r9`nauns] 1) (
, .); 2)
(); 3)
().
rent [rent] 1. n ; ; for
~ , ; 2. v 1) , ; 2) ; .
repair [r9`p87] 1. n ; 2. v ;
.
repay [r9`pe9] (repaid; repaid) 1)
(); 2) ,
.
repeal [r9`p9:l] 1. v ();
2. n ; .
repeat [r9`p9:t] .
repel [r9`pel] 1) ;
2) , .
repent [r9`pent] ; .
repentance [r9`pent7ns] .
repentant [r9`pent7nt] .
repetition [rep9`t937n] .
replace [r9`ple9s] 1) ;
; 2) .
reply [r9`pla9] 1. v ; 2. n ;
in ~ ; in ~ to your letter .
report [r9`p6:t] 1. n 1) , ; 2) , ; 2. v , ; ~er 1) ;
2) , .
repose [r9`pouz] 1. v 1) ; 2) ( ); 2. n 1) ,
; 2) ().
represent [repr9`z7nt] 1) ;
2) ; ();
3) , ; ~ation
1) ; ; ;
2) (); 3) .
representative [repr9`zent7t9v] 1. n ; 2. a 1) (-, -);
2) .
repress [r9`pres] 1) ( .);
2) ().
repression [r9`pre37n] 1) ; 2) ( .).
reprimand [`repr9ma:nd] 1. n ; 2. v
.

reproach
reproach [r9`prout3] 1. n , ; 2. v , .
reproduce [r9:pr7`dju:s] , .
reproduction [r9:pr7`d0k37n] 1)
; ; 2)
, , ;
3) , , .
reproof [r9`pru:f] , ; .
reprove [r9`pru:v] , ; .
reptile [`repta9l] . .
republic [r9`p0bl9k] .
repulse [r9`p0ls] 1. v 1) ();
2) , ;
; 2. n 1) ; 2) ; , .
repulsive [r9`p0ls9v] , ,
.
reputation [repju`te937n] (), ,
; a man of ~
, .
request [r9`kwest] 1. n 1) ; at smb's
~ ; 2) , ; 2. v
1) ; 2) .
require [r9`kwa97] 1) ; 2) .
rescue [`reskju:] 1. v ; 2. n
, .
research [r9`s7:t3] , ; be
engaged in ~ .
resemblance [r9`zembl7ns] .
resemble [r9`zembl] 1) ,
; 2) ( ).
resent [r9`zent] 1) ; 2) ; ; ~ment , .
reservation [rez7`ve937n] 1) -;
without ~ ; 2) ;
3) ( ).
reserve [r9`z7:v] 1. v ,
; 2. n ( ), .
reside [r9`za9d] ( );
~nce [`rez9d7ns] , ;
~nt .
resign [r9`za9n] ; ~ oneself
(to) , ; ~ation
[rez9g`ne93n] 1) ; 2) ,
.

result
resigned [r9`za9nd] ; ,
.
resist [r9`z9st] , ~ance
.
resolute [`rez7lu:t] 1) ; 2) ;
.
resolution [rez7`lu:37n] 1) , ;
2) .
resolve [r9`z6lv] ,
.
resort [r9`z6:t] 1. v ,
; ~ to force ;
2. n ; ; summer ~s .
resound [r9`zaund] 1) ;
; ; 2) ,
.
respect [r9s`pekt] 1. n 1) , ;
2. v ; ~able ; ; ; ~ful ; ~ive
, .
respite [`respa9t] 1) , ; 2) .
respond [r9s`p6nd] .
response [r9s`p6ns] ; .
responsibility [r9sp6ns9`b9l9t9] 1) ; take the ~
; 2) , .
responsible [r9s`p6ns9bl] , ;
be ~ for .
responsive [r9s`p6ns9v] 1) , ;
2) (-, -).
rest I [rest] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ; ; 2. v 1) ,
; 2) ; ~ day .
rest II [rest] : the ~ 1) ; ;
2) .
restaurant [`rest7r6:2] .
restless [`restl9s] , .
restoration [rest7`re937n] ,
.
restore [r9s`t6:] 1) ; 2) ().
restrain [r9s`tre9n] ( );
; ; .
restriction [r9s`tr9k37n] .
result [r9`z0lt] 1. n ; as a ~ of ; 2. v ~(in) , .
241

resume
resume [r9`zju:m] ; .
retail 1. n [`r9:te9l] ; 2. v
[r9:`te9l] 1) - ;
; 2) , ().
retain [r9`te9n] .
retire [r9`ta97] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; ~ment 1) ;
2) .
retreat [r9`tr9:t] 1. v . ;
2. n 1) ; 2) .
return [r9`t7:n] 1. v 1) ; 2) , ; 3) ,
; 2. n 1) ; 2) ; in ~ for ; in ~ ;
3) .
reveal [r9`v9:l] 1) , ;
2) ; ~ a secret ,
.
revel [`revl] 1) ; 2) .
revelation [rev9`le937n] ,
.
revenge [r9`vend=] 1. n ; take one's
~ on ; 2. v ; ~ an insult
.
revenue [`rev9nju:] ().
reverence [`rev7r7ns] , ; .
reverse [r9`v7:s] 1. a , ; ;
2. v 1) , ; 2) (); 3. n
1) , ; quite the ~
; 2) .
review [r9`vju:] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ; 3) ; 2. v 1) , ; 2) .
revise [r9`va9z] , ;
.
revive [r9`va9v] 1) , ;
2) , ; 3) ; .
revolt [r9`v6lt] 1. v ; 2. n ,
; rise in ~ .
revolution I [rev7`lu:37n] .
revolution II [rev7`lu:37n] ,
; .
revolutionary [rev7`lu:3n7r9] 1. a ;
2. n .
242

rival
revolve [r9`v6lv] , .
reward [r9`w6:d] 1. n ; 2. v .
rhinoceros [ra9`n6s7r7s] .
rhyme [ra9m] 1. n ; 2. v 1) ; 2) .
rib [r9b] 1) ; 2) . .
ribbon [`r9b7n] , .
rice [ra9s] .
rich [r9t3] 1) ; 2) ; 3)
(); ~es 1) -, ; 2) ; the ~ .
rid [r9d] (rid, ridded) , , ( );
get ~ of , .
riddle [`r9dl] .
ride [ra9d] 1. v (rode; ridden) 1) ;
2) ; 2. n 1) ;
2) (, atda).
rider [`ra9d7] ().
ridge [r9d=] .
ridiculous [r9`d9kjul7s] ; .
rifle [`ra9fl] .
rift [r9ft] 1) , ; 2) .
right [ra9t] 1. a 1) , ; you are ~
; ~ you are! ! 2) ;
~ hand ; 3) ; ~ angle ;
2. n 1) ; 2) ; to the ~ ;
3. adv 1) ; all ~ ; 2) .
rigid [`r9d=9d] 1) , ; ; 2) , .
rim [r9m] ; .
rind [ra9nd] .
ring I [r92] 1) ; 2) ; 3) (
).
ring II [r92] 1. v (rang, rung) 1) ; 2) ; ~ up
; 2. n , .
rinse [r9ns] ().
riot [`ra97t] 1) ; 2) -, .
ripe [ra9p] ; ~n .
rise [ra9z] 1. v (rose, risen) 1) , ; 2) (); 3) ;
4) ; 2. n 1) , ;
2) ; 3) , ();
4) ( ).
risk [r9sk] 1.n ; 2. v .
rival [`ra9v7l] .

river
river [`r9v7] . .
road [roud] .
roam [roum] 1) , ;
2) .
roar [r6:] 1. v , ; 2. n
1) , ; 2) .
rost [roust] 1. v , ; 2. a
; 3. n .
rob [r6b] , , .
robber [`r6b7] ; , .
robberry [`r6b7r9] ; .
rock I [r6k] 1) ; 2) . ; ~y , .
rock II [r6k] 1) ; ; 2) ().
rocket [`r6k9t] ; ~ plane .
rod [r6d] 1) ; 2) .
rogue [roug] 1) ; 2) .
role [roul] .
roll [r6l] 1. v 1) , ;
2) , ; 3)
(); 2. n 1) ; 2) ; 3) ,
; 4) .
Romn [`roum7n] a, n , .
romance [r7`m5ns] 1) ; 2) .
romantic [r7`m5nt9k] .
roof [ru:f] .
rook I [ruk] 1) . ; 2) .
rook II [ruk] 1) . .
room [rum] 1) ; 2) .
root [ru:t] 1. n (); take ~
; 2. v ~ out ,
.
rope [roup] , , .
rose [rouz] . .
rosy [`rouz9] 1) ; 2) . ,
.
rot [r6t] 1. v ; 2. n 1) ;
2) .
rotation [rou`te937n] 1) , ;
2) - ; 3) ().
rotten [`r6tn] 1) ; 2) .
rough [r0f] 1) ; 2) ; 3)
(); 4) (); 5) ();
~ copy ; ~ly ; ~ness
1) ; 2) .

rye
Roumania [ru:`me9nj7] ; ~n .
round [raund] 1. a ; 2. n 1) ;
2) , ; 3. adv , .
rouse [rauz] 1) ; 2) ,
.
route [ru:t] .
rove [rouv] -; .
rw I [rou] , ; in ~s -.
row II [rou] .
royal [`r697l] (-, -); .
rub [r0b] , ; .
rubber [`r0b7] 1) , ; 2) ;
3) . .
rubbish [`r0b93] 1) ; 2) ,
.
rudder [`r0d7] .
rude [ru:d] ; , .
ruffle [`r0fl] 1) ();
2) ().
rug [r0g] 1) ; 2) (
).
ruin [ru9n] 1. n 1) , ;
2) pl ; 2. v , .
rule [ru:l] 1. n 1) ; as a ~
; 2) ; 2. v 1) ,
; 2) ,
.
ruler [`ru:l7] 1) , ; 2) .
rumour [`ru:m7] , .
rumple [`r0mpl] , .
run [r0n] 1. v (ran; run) 1) ; 2) (, .); 3) ();
4) (); 5) ; ~ over
(); 2. n 1) ; 2)
(); in the long ~ .
rural [`ru7r7l] (-, -).
rush [r03] 1) ; ; 2) (); 3) .
Russia [`r037] ; ~n 1) ; 2) .
rust [r0st] 1. n ; 2. v , ; ~y , .
rust-free [`r0stfr9:] , .
rustle [`r0sl] 1. n ; 2. v .
ruthless [`ru:4l9s] , .
rye [ra9] .
243

sable

scald

Ss
sable [`se9bl] . ; .
sabotage [`s5b7ta:=] 1. n ,
; 2. v .
sabre [`se9b7] .
sack [s5k] 1) , ; 2) . ; 2. v ; give smb.
the ~ ; get the ~ for being
lazy .
sacred [`se9kr9d] 1) ; 2) .
sacrifice [`s5kr9fa9s] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v .
sacrilege [`s5kr9l9d=]
; .
sad [s5d] , .
saddle [`s5dl] 1. n ; 2. v .
safe [se9f] 1. a 1) , ; ~ and sound 1) ; 2) ; (); 2. n .
safe-guard [`se9fga:d] () ; .
safety [`se9ft9] ; ; in
~ .
saffron [`s5fr7n] .
sagacious [s7`ge937s] , ;
.
sail [se9l] 1. n ; 2. v
(); ~ing-ship ..
sailor [`se9l7] ; , .
saint [se9nt] , .
sake [se9k] : for the ~ of - ; ...
; for your ~ .
salad [`s5l7d] (
).
salary [`s5l7r9] , .
sale [se9l] ; for ~ , ;
~sman ; ~swoman .
salmon [`s5m7n] . .
saloon [s7`lu:n] ; .
salt [s6:lt] 1. n ; ~-cellar ; 2. v
; ~y .
salute [s7`lu:t] 1. v ; 2. n 1) ; 2) ; .
salvage [`s5lv9d=] 1. n ,
(); 2. v ().
244

salvation [s5l`ve937n] , .
same [se9m] , ; it's all the ~ t me
; all the ~
; just the ~ o .
sample [`sa:mpl] .
sanatorium [s5n7`t6:r97m] .
sanction [`s52k3n] 1. n 1) , ;
2) ; 2. v 1) ; 2) .
sand [s5nd] .
sandwich [`s5nw9d=] , ;
~-man
.
sane [se9n] , .
sanitary [`s5n9t7r9] (-, -);
;
.
Santa Claus [`s5nt7`kl6:z] ;
.
sap I [s5p] ().
sap II [s5p] ; .
sarcasm [`sa:k5z7m] , .
satan [`se9t7n]
satellite [`s5t7la9t] .
satin [`s5t9n] a, n .
satir||e [`s5ta97] , ; ~ical .
satisfaction [s5t9s`f5k37n] ;
.
satisfactory [s5t9s`f5kt7r9] ,
.
satisfy [`s5t9sfa9] ; ;
.
Saturday [`s5t7d9] .
sauce [s6:s] ; ~pan .
saucer [`s6:s7] .
saucy [`s6:s9] .
sausage [`s6s9d=] , .
savage [`s5v9d=] , .
save I [se9v] 1) ; 2) ;
; ~ up .
save II [se9v] , - .
savings [`se9v92z] ( ) .
savings-bank [`se9v92zb52k] .
saw [s6:] 1. n ; 2. v (sawed, sawn) .
say [se9] (said; said) , ; that
is to ~ ; ~ing , .
scald [sk6:ld] 1. v ;
2. n ( ).

scale I
scale I [ske9l] .
scale II [ske9l] 1) ; 2) pl. .
scale III [ske9l] 1) ; ; 2) .
.
scandal [`sk5ndl] 1) ; ;
2) -, ; ~ous 1) ;
2) , ; .
Scandinavia [sk5nd9`ne9vj7] ; ~n ; (-, -).
scanty [`sk5nt9] 1) , ; 2) .
scar [ska:] , .
scarce [sk87s] , , , ;
~ly .
scare [sk87] 1. n ; ; 2. v ; ; be ~d , ; ~crow , .
scarf [ska:f] 1) ; 2) .
scarlet [`ska:l9t] ; ~ fever .
scatter [`sk5t7] 1) , ;
2) , .
scene [s9:n] 1) (); ;
; 3) ; make a ~ ,
. ; ~ry , .
scent [sent] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ;
2. v 1) / ; 2) .
sceptic [`skept9k] , ,
; ~al , .
schedule [`3edju:l] 1. n . , ;
; 2. v , .
scheme [sk9:m] 1. n 1) , ; 2) pl.
; ; 2. v ,
.
scholar [`sk6l7] , ; ~ship 1) ( ); 2) (
).
school [sku:l] ; ~boy ;
~girl ; ~fellow ; ~master ; ~-mate
; ~ mistress
.
science [`sa97ns] .
scientific [sa97n`t9f9k] .
scientist [`sa97nt9st] , .
scissors [`s9z7z] pl. .
scold [skould] , ; .

seam
scoop [sku:p] 1. n , ; 2. v
; .
scooter [`sku:t7] ,
.
scope [skoup] , ,
; It is beyond my ~
.
scorch [sk6:t3] 1) ();
2) ; 3) , .
score [sk6:] 1. n 1) ; wat is the ~ ?
? (); 2) (
); 2. v 1) ; 2) .
scorn [sk6:n] 1. n , ; 2. v
, ; ~ful ,
.
scorpion [`sk6:pj7n] . .
Scotch [sk6t3] 1. a ; 2. n the
~ ; ~man .
scoundrel [`skaundr7l] , ,
.
scout [skaut] .
scramble [`skr5mbl] 1) ; 2) ; ~d eggs .
scratch [skr5t3] 1. v 1) , ;
2) ; 3) ; 2. n ;
; .
scream [skr9:m] 1. n ; ; 2. v
, .
screen [skr9:n] 1. n , ; 2. v ; - .
screw [skru:] 1. n ; ; 2. v
.
scrupulous [`skru:pjul7s] 1) , ;
2) .
scrutinize [`skru:t9na9z] 1) ; 2) , .
scrutiny [`skru:t9n9] .
scuffle [`sk0fl] .
scull [sk0l] .
sculptor [`sk0lpt7] .
sculpture [`sk0lpt37] .
scythe [sa91] .
sea [s9:] ; ; at ~ , .
sea-gull [`s9:g0l] .
seal I [s9:l] .
seal II [s9:l] 1. n ; 2. v 1) ; 2) ().
seam [s9:m] ().
245

seaman
seaman [`s9:m7n] , .
search [s7:t3] 1. v ; ; ; ; 2. n
; ; ~light .
seasick [`s9:s9k] : be ~
( ); ~ness
.
seaside [`s9:sa9d] .
season I [`s9:z7n] 1) (); 2) ,
, ; in ~ ,
; ~able ; .
season II [`s9:z7n] , .
().
set [s9:t] 1. n 1) , ; 2) , ; to have a ~ ;
take a ~! ! 3) . ; 2. v , .
seaweed [`s9:w9:d] .
secede [s9`s9:d] (, ).
secession [s9`se37n] , .
second I [`sek7nd] 1. a ; 2. v
.
second II [`sek7nd] ; .
secondary [`sek7nd7r9] ;
~ school .
second-hand [`sek7nd`h5nd] 1) ;
2) ; ~ shop -
; ~ bookshop .
second-rate [`sek7nd`re9t] ;
.
secret [`s9:kr9t] 1. n ; ; 2. a ,
.
secretary [`sekr7tr9] 1) ; ; 2) ;
Secretary of State ();
(-).
section [`sek3n] ; ; .
secure [s9`kju7] 1. a 1) , ; ; 2) ; 2. v 1) ; ;
2) .
security [s9`kju7r9t9] .
sediment [`sed9m7nt] , , .
see [s9:] (saw; seen) 1) ; 2) ;
3) ; 4) ; ~ off
(, ); ~ out
( ); ~ to ,
.
246

sensible
seed [s9:d] .
seek [s9:k] (sought, sought) 1) ;
2) , .
seem [s9:m] , : he ~s t be
a good man o ; it
~s to me .
segment [`segm7nt] , ; . .
segregation [segr9`ge937n] ,
.
seismic [`sa9zm9k] .
seize [s9:z] 1) , ; 2) ; 3) ( ).
seldom [`seld7m] -, .
select [s9`lekt] 1. v ; 2. a ;
~ion .
self [self] , -; ; .
self-acting [`self`5kt92] , .
self-command [`selfk7`ma:nd] ;
.
self-conceit [`selfk7n`s9:t] .
self-concious [`self`k6n37s] .
self-control [`selfk7n`troul] ;
.
selfish [`self93] , .
self-reliant [`selfr9`la97nt] ,
.
self-support [`selfs7`p6:t] ,
.
sell [sel] (sold; sold) , ; ~er
; best ~er () .
semblance [`sembl7ns] 1) ; 2) .
semicircle [`sem9s7:kl] .
semicolon [`sem9`koul7n] .
Semitic [s9`m9t9k] (-, -).
senate [`sen9t] .
senator [`sen7t7] .
send [send] (sent; sent) ; ~ for
, .
senior [`s9:nj7] ; .
sensation [sen`se937n] 1) , ;
; 2) .
sense [sens] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ;
3) ; 4) ; common ~
; 2. v , ; ~less
1) ; 2) , .
sensible [`sens7bl] ; be ~ of
; .

sensitive
sensitive [`sens9t9v] ; .
sensual [`sensju7l] , ; , .
sentence [`sent7ns] 1) . ; 2) ;
to pass a ~ .
sentiment [`sent9m7nt] ; ~al ; .
sentry [`sentr9] , .
separate 1. a [`sepr9t] ; ;
2. v [`sep7re9t] ; .
separation [sep7`re937n] 1) , ;
2) .
September [s7p`temb7] .
septic [sept9k] . , .
sequence [`s9:kw7ns] ; ;
~ of events ; ~ of tenses
. .
serf [s7:f] 1) ; 2) ; ~dom
; abolish ~dom .
sergeant [`sa:d=7nt] ; .
seri||al [`s97r97l]
/ ; ~es ,
; .
serious [`s97r97s] ; .
sermon [`s7:m7n] , .
serpent [`s7:p7nt] .
servant [`s7:v7nt] ; , .
serve [s7:v] 1) ; 2) ( , ); 3)
.
service [`s7:v9s] 1) , ; to take into
~ ; 2) ,
; ; I am at your ~
; 3) (- ).
servile [`s7:va9l] ; .
session [`se37n] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
set [set] 1. v (set; set) 1) , ; ~ the table ; 2) (); 3) ,
; ~ in motion
, ; 4) ();
5) ( ); ~ free
, ; ~ off
; ~ to w ; 2. n
1) , ; 2) ; ; (); 3) , .
settle [`setl] 1) , ;
2) , u ; 3)

shark
; ; ~ quarrel / ; ~ment 1) ;
2) , ; ~r
.
seven [`sevn] ; ~teen ; ~teenth
; ~th ; ~tieth ; ~ty .
sever [`sev7] , .
several [`sevr7l] ; .
sever||e [s9`v97] , ; ; ~ity ; .
sew [sou] (sewed [soud]; sewed; sewn) (); ~er ; .
sewing [`sou92] ; ~-machine .
sex [seks] . , ; ~ual .
shabby [`35b9] 1) (); ;
2) , ; ; 3) ().
shade [3e9d] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) ;
lamp- ~ ; 2. v 1) ;
2) .
shadow [`35dou] 1. n ; 2. v ;
.
shady [`3e9d9] 1) ; 2) .
shaggy [`35g9] 1) , ; 2) .
shake [3e9k] 1. v (shook; shaken) 1) ; ; 2) ; ;
~ hands ; 2. n 1) ; 2) ; .
shall [35l]
: I ~ go .
shallow [`35lou] 1. a 1) ; 2) ,
; 2. n , .
sham [35m] 1) ; ; 2)
; 3) .
shame [3e9m] 1. n ; ; for ~!
! 2. v ; ~ful , ; ~less , .
shampoo [35m`pu:] .
shank [352k] . .
shape [3e9p] 1. n , , ; 2. v
; ~less , ; ~ly .
share [387] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ; 2. v
1) , ; 2) ,
; ( ,
); ~holder , .
shark [3a:k] .
247

sharp
sharp [3a:p] 1. a 1) ; 2) , ; ~en
; ; ~ness , .
shatter [`35t7] 1) , ; 2) , ; 3) ().
shave [`3e9v] (shaved; shaved, shaven) .
shawl [36:l] ; .
she [39:] ( , );
~-goat .
shear [397] ().
sheath [39:4] 1) ; 2) , .
shed I [3ed] (shed; shed) 1) (,
); 2) ( , ).
shed II [3ed] , .
sheep [39:p] ; ~ish .
sheer [397] , , ; .
sheet [39:t] 1) ; 2) ; 3)
( .).
shelf [3elf] (pl. shelves) .
shell [3el] 1. n 1) ; 2) (); 3) ; 2. v 1)
(); 2)
.
shelter [`3elt7] 1. n ; ;
; 2. v 1) ; 2) , .
shepherd [`3ep7d] .
sherbet [`37:b7t] .
sheriff [`3er9f] , .
shield [39:ld] 1. n , ; 2. v , .
shift [39ft] 1. n 1) ; ;
2) ; 2. v
, ; ~ smth. on smb.
; ~ the
blame .
shilling [`39l92] ( 1/20-).
shimmer [`39m7] 1. n ; ; 2. v
; .
shine [3a9n] (shone; shone) 1) ,
; 2) ().
shingle [`392gl] , .
shiny [`3a9n9] 1) ; 2) .
ship [39p] 1. n ; ~ment 1)
; 2) (); ~wreck
; ~wright
; ~yard ; 2. v
/ .
248

show
shipping [`39p92] 1) ; 2) .
shirt [37:t] .
shiver [`39v7] 1. v ; 2. n ,
.
shock [36k] 1. n 1) ; ,
(); 2) ; ;
; 2. v ; ~ing 1) ; 2)
, .
shoe [3u:] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ;
~maker ; ~-lace, ~-string ; 2. v .
shoot [3u:t] 1. v (shot; shot) 1) ();
( ); ; 2)
; 2. n ; ; ~ing 1) ;
2) .
shop [36p] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ; 2. v , -
; ~-assistant ; ~keeper , ; ~-window .
shopping [`36p92] ; -; do the
~ ; go ~ .
shore [36:] (, ).
short [36:t] 1) ; ; 2) (
); in ~ , ;
; be ~ of ; .
shortage [`36:t9d=] , .
short circuit [`36:t`s7:k9t] . ,
.
shortcoming [`36:t`k0m92] , , .
shorten [`36:tn] .
shorthand [`36:th5nd] .
shorts [36:ts] pl. .
short-sighted [`36:t`sa9t9d] 1) ; 2) . , .
shot [36t] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ;
like a ~ ().
shoulder [`3ould7] 1. n ; 2. v ; - .
shout [3aut] 1. n ; 2. v ; .
shove [30v] 1. v 1) , ;
2) ; 2. n , ; .
shovel [`30vl] , .
show [3ou] 1. v (showed; showed, shown)
1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 2. n 1) ; 2) ; 3)
, .

shower
shower [`3au7] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
; 2. v ; ~ questions
.
shrewd [3ru:d] 1) , ; ;
; 2) ().
shriek [3r9:k] 1. v ( ); ; ; 2. n
( ); .
shrill [3r9l] (); .
shrink [3r92k] (shrank, shrunk; shrunk)
1) ; ; 2)
(); ().
shrug [3r0g] : ~ one's shoulders
.
shudder [`30d7] 1. n , ;
; 2. v .
shut [30t] (shut, shut) , ;
~ in ; ~ up! !
!
shuttle [`30tl] 1) ; 2) - ;
~ diplomacy - .
shy [3a9] , ; be ~ ,
.
sick [s9k] ; be ~ of ,
; be ~ ; feel
~ .
sickle [`s9kl] .
sickly [`s9kl9] , , , .
sickness [`s9kn9s] 1) ; 2) .
side [sa9d] , , ; ~ by ~ ,
-; ~board (); ~walk
amer. ; ~ways .
siege [s9:d=] .
sieve [s9:v] , .
sift [s9ft] 1) , ; 2) .
sigh [sa9] 1. n , ; 2. v
, .
sight [sa9t] 1) ; ; ~seeing
; 2) ;
; at first ~ ; know
by ~ ().
sign [sa9n] 1. n , , ; ; 2. v
1) ; 2) .
signal [`s9gn7l] 1. n , ; 2. v
, .
signature [`s9gn9t37] .
signboard [`sa9nb6:d] , .

sit
significance [s9g`n9f9k7ns] ; ; .
significant [s9g`n9f9k7nt] ; ; .
signify [`s9gn9fa9] 1) ; 2)
.
signpost [`sa9npoust] ;
.
silence [`sa9l7ns] 1. n , ; 2. v
.
silent [`sa9l7nt] ; be ~ .
silk [s9lk] ; ~en .
sill [s9l] ; .
silly [`s9l9] , ; .
silver [`s9lv7] ; table ~ ; ~y , .
similar [`s9m9l7] , ; ; ~ity
, .
simple [`s9mpl] ; , .
simplicity [`s9m`pl9s9t9] ; .
simplify [`s9mpl9fa9] ; .
simply [`s9mpl9] , .
simultaneous [s9m7l`te9nj7s]
.
sin [s9n] 1. n ; 2. v ; ~ner
.
since [s9ns] 1) - ; I have not seen
her ~ last year
; 2) , ; sit
down ~ you are here , ,
; 3) ; I have nt seen
her ~ o .
sincere [s9n`s97] , .
sincerity [s9n`ser9t9] .
sing [s92] (sang; sung) 1) ;
2) ; ~er ,
.
single [`s92gl] 1. a 1) , , ; ; 2) ; , ; 2. v ,
; ~-handed .
singular [`s92gjul7] . .
sink I [s92k] (sank, sunk) 1) ; 2) , (); 3) ().
sink II [s92k] , .
sir [s7:] , .
sister [`s9st7] ; ~-in-law .
sit [s9t] (sat; sat) 1) ; 2) ; ~ down ; ~ up .
249

sitting
sitting [`s9t92] ; ~-room .
situated [`s9tjue9t9d] ; be ~ , .
situation [s9tju`e937n] 1) ; ; 2) ;
3) , ().
six [s9ks] ; ~th .
sixteen [s9ks`t9:n] ; ~th .
sixty [`s9kst9] .
size [sa9z] ; , , .
skate [ske9t] 1. n ; 2. v ;
.
skeleton [`skel9tn] .
sketch [sket3] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
2. v 1) (, );
2) ( .).
skewer [skju7] .
ski [sk9:] 1. n ; 2. v (skid; skid)
.
skilful [`sk9lful] , .
skill [sk9l] , ; ; ~ed
, .
skim [sk9m] 1) ; 2)
(); ~-milk .
skin [sk9n] 1. n ; ; 2. v
.
skirt [sk7:t] , .
skull [sk0l] .
sky [ska9] , ; ~ blue ; ~scraper .
slab [sl5b] , ; .
slack [sl5k] , .
slam [sl5m] ();
.
slander [`sla:nd7] 1. n ; ;
; 2. v ; ;
~er , .
slang [sl52] .
slant [sla:nt] 1. n , ; 2. v ; ~ing , .
slap [sl5p] 1. n , ; 2. v ,
.
slash [sl53] 1. n /; 2. v
/ .
slate [sle9t] 1) (- );
2) ; 3) .
slaughter [`sl6:t7] 1. n 1) ; 2) ,
(); 2. v 1) , ; 2) .
250

small
Slav [sla:v] .
slave [sle9v] ; ~ry .
slay [sle9] .
sled(ge) [sled=] , .
sleek [sl9:k] 1. n , ; ;
2. v .
sleep [sl9:p] 1. n ; go to ~
, , 2. v , ;
~er .
sleeping-car [`sl9:p92ka:] .
sleeping-draught [`sl9:p92`dra:ft]
.
sleeping-sickness [`sl9:p92s9kn7s]
.
sleepless [`sl9:pl9s] .
sleepy [`sl9:p9] .
sleet [sl9:t] .
sleeve [sl9:v] .
slender [`slend7] , .
sleuth [slu:4] .
slice [sla9s] , .
slide [sla9d] 1. v (slid; slid) ; 2. n
1) ; 2) ; ~ fastener .
slight [sla9t] , , ; ~ly .
slim [sl9m] , .
slime [sla9m] 1) ; 2) ; .
slip [sl9p] 1. v 1) ; 2) ,
; 3) ; 2. n 1) ; 2) ; 3)
.
slipper [`sl9p7] - ( ).
slippery [`sl9p7r9] .
slogan [`sloug7n] .
slope [sloup] 1. n , ; 2. v
, .
slot [sl6t] , , (
).
sloth [slou4] ; ; ~ful
, .
slow [slou] 1. a 1) ; ; 2) (
); 2. v : ~ down ,

slowly [`sloul9] -.
slum [sl0m] 1) ; 2) ,
; .
slumber [`sl0mb7] 1. n ; ; 2. v
, .
small [sm6:l] , ; ; ~ness ; ~pox .

smart
smart [sma:t] 1. a 1) ; ;
2) ; 3) ; 4) ,
(); 2. v .
smash [sm53] 1. n 1) ; ;
2) ; 2. v - / ; .
smear [sm87] 1. n ; 2. v 1) ; 2) .
smell [smel] 1. n , ; 2. v 1) ;
; `2) .
smelt [smelt] ().
smile [sma9l] 1. n , :
2. v .
smith [sm94] , .
smok||e [smouk] 1. n ; ; 2. v
1) ; 2) ; 3)
; ~y 1) , ; 2) .
smooth [smu:1] 1. a 1) , ; 2) ;
2. v ; ~ away
.
smoulder [`smould7] .
smudg||e [sm0d=] , ; ~y .
smuggle [`sm0gl] , ; ~r , .
snack [sn5k] , .
snake [sne9k] .
snap [sn5p] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v
1) , , ();
2) ; 3) .
snare [sn87] 1. n ; 2. v ;
.
snarl [sna:l] 1. v 1) , ;
2) ; 2. n ;
.
snatch [sn5t3] , ;
( ).
sneak [sn9:k] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ; 5) .
sneer [sn97] 1. n ; ; 2. v
, .
sneeze [sn9:z] 1. n ; 2. v .
sniff [sn9f] ; ~ at .
snivel [`sn9vl] 1) ;
2) - .
snore [sn6:] 1. v ; 2. n .
snow [snou] 1. n ; 2. v : it ~s, it is ~ing
; ~ball .
snowy [`snou9] .

solitude
snub-nosed [`sn0bnouzd] ; .
snug [`sn0g] .
snuggle [`sn0gl] 1) , ; 2) .
s [sou] , o ; o ;
.
soak [souk] 1) ; ; 2) , ().
soap [soup] 1. n ; 2. v .
soar [s6:] ; .
sob [s6b] 1. n ; ; 2. v
; .
sober [`soub7] 1) ; 2) .
so-called [`sou`k6:ld] .
soccer [`s6k7] (amer.).
sociable [`sou37bl] , .
social [`sou37l] , .
socialism [`sou37l9zm] .
socialist [`sou37l9st] .
society [s7`sa97t9] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
sociology [sous9`6l7d=9] .
sock [s6k] .
socket [`s6k9t] 1) ; ; 2)
( ); 3) .
soda [`soud7] .
sofa [`souf7] .
soft [s6ft] , ().
soften [`s6fn] ().
softness [`s6ftn9s] .
soil I [s69l] , .
soil II [s69l] , .
solace [`s6l7s] 1. n ; 2. v ; .
solar [`soul7] (-, -).
soldier [`sould=7] ; ; ~y .
sole I [soul] , , .
sole II [soul] 1. n (); 2. v
().
solid [`s6l9d] 1. a 1) ; 2) ;
3) ; 4) ; 2. n . .
solidarity [s6l9`d5r9t9] .
solidity [s7`l9d9t9] .
solitary [`s6l9t7r9] , ; .
solitude [`s6l9tju:d] 1) , ;
2) .
251

solution
solution [s7`lu:37n] 1) , (); 2) ; 3) ().
solve [s6lv] ( .).
some [s0m] ; , ; ~body
(); ; ~how ; ~one ,
; ~thing ; ~times ,
; ~what , ; ~where ; , .
son [s0n] ; ~-in-law .
song [s62] , .
soon [su:n] ; , ; ; as ~ as -, .
soot [sut] , .
soothe [su:1] 1) ;
; 2) ().
sophism [`s6f9z7m] , .
sorcer||er [`s6:s7r7] ; ~y .
sordid [`s6:d9d] ; .
sore [s6:] 1. a ; , ; ;
~ throat ; ~ eye ;
~ finger ; 2. n .
sorrow [`s6rou] , ; ; feel ~
; ~ful , .
sorry [`s6r9] : be ~ 1) ; 2) ; ; I am ~ , .
sort [s6:t] 1. n , , ; ; 2. v
, ,
.
soul [soul] , ; .
sound I [saund] 1. n ; 2. v .
sound II [saund] salam, gcl; safe and
~ sa-salamat.
sound III [saund] .
soup [su:p] ; ~-plate .
sour [`sau7] ; ~ cream ; turn ~ .
source [s6:s] , ; .
south [sau4] 1. n (the) ; 2. a (-, -)
southern [`s017n] , .
southwords [`sau4w7dz] .
souvenir [`su:v7n97] ; ; .
sovereign [`s6vr9n] 1) , ; ~ty
[`s6vr7nt9] ; 2) (1
).
sow [sou] (sowed; sown, sowed)
(); ().
soya, soy-been [`s697 `s69b9:n] ().
252

sphere
space [spe9s] 1) ; 2) , ;
3) .
spaceman [`spe9sm7n] .
spaceship [`spe9s39p] .
spacious [`spe937s] , ; .
spade [spe9d] , .
Spain [spe9n] .
Spaniard [`sp5nj7d] , .
Spanish [`sp5n93] .
spre [sp87] 1. v 1) ; ; 2) (, .);
3) , ; 2. a , ;
; ~ room ; ~ time
; ~ tyre .
spark [spa:k] 1) ; ; 2) .
sparkle [`spa:kl] ; .
sparrow [`sp5rou] .
speak [sp9:k] (spoke; spoken) ;
; generally ~ing ; so to ~ .
speaker [`sp9:k7] 1) ; 2) (
).
spear [sp97] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) ;
2. v .
special [`spe37l] , ; ~ist ; ~ize in, on ,
.
species [`sp9:39:z] , .
spesific [sp9`s9f9k] , .
specify [`spes9fa9] ,
.
specimen [`spes9m9n] .
spectacle [`spekt7kl] .
spectacles [`spekt7klz] pl. .
spectator [spek`te9t7] .
speculate [`spekjule9t] 1) ;
2) .
speech [`sp9:t3] ; ; ~less .
speed [`sp9:d] 1. n ; at full ~
; at great ~ ; ~ limit
; ~ometer ,
; 2. v (sped; sped) ,
.
spell [spel] (spelt; spelt)
; ~ing ; .
spend [spend] (spent; spent) 1) ,
; 2) ().
sphere [sf97] 1) , ; 2) ,
.

spider
spider [`spa9d7] ; ~'s web .
spill [sp9l] (spilt; spilt) 1) ();
; 2) (), .
spin [sp9n] (sp5n; spun) 1) ,
( ); 2) , .
spinach [`sp9n9d=] .
spine [spa9n] . , .
spinster [`sp9nst7] ;
.
spirit I [`sp9r9t] 1) ; 2) ; ; 3) ; ; high ~s , ; low ~s , ;
be in high ~s .
spirit II [`sp9r9t] , .
spirited [`sp9r9t9d] ; ; .
spiritual [`sp9r9tju7l] , .
spit [sp9t] (; spat) 1) ; 2) .
spite [spa9t] , ; in ~ of ... ; ~ful ; .
splash [spl53] ;
().
spleen [spl9:n] . .
splendid [`splend9d] 1) , ; 2) ; .
splendour [`splend7] , -.
split [spl9t] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ; 2. v (split; split) 1) ; , 2) .
spoil [sp69l] 1. v (spoilt, spoiled; spoilt,
spoiled) ; 2. n ; ~t
, ().
spoke [spouk] ().
sponge [sp0nd=] 1. n 1) . ; 2) ; 2. v 1) ; 2) .
sponsor [`sp6ns7] 1. n 1) , ;
sponsor; 2) ; 2. v 1) ; 2) ; 3)
( .).
spontaneous [sp6n`te9nj7s] 1) -,
, 2) .
spoon [spu:n] ; ~ful ;
.
sport [sp6:t] 1) , ; 2) ; 3) .
sportsman [`sp6:tsm7n] 1) ; 2) ,
.

stable II
spot [sp6t] 1) , ; 2) ; on the
~ , ; ~less .
spout [spaut] 1. n 1) ();
2) .
sprawl [spr6:l] , .
spread [spred] 1. v (spread; spread) 1) , ; 2) (); 3) (, .); ; 4)
(); 2. n 1) , ; 2) .
sprightly [`spra9tl9] , .
spring I [spr92] 1. v (sprang; sprung) , ; 2. n 1) ; 2) ;
3) .
spring II [spr92] .
sprinkle [`spr92kl] , ; ~r
, .
sprint [spr9nt] . ; ~er
, .
spry [spra9] 1) ; 2) .
spume [spju:m] , .
spur [sp7:] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v
1) ; 2) .
spurn [sp7:n] 1) ; 2) .
spy [spa9] 1. n , ; 2. v
; .
squabble [`skw6bl] 1. n , ;
2. v , .
squadron [`skw6dr7n] .
squalid [`skw6l9d] , .
squander [`skw6nd7] , .
square [skw87] 1) ; 2) , .
squash [skw53] 1. n 1) ; ;
2) ; 2. v 1) ; 2)
; .
squeak [skw9:k] 1. n 1) , ;
2) ; 2. v 1) ; 2) .
squeeze [skw9:z] 1. n 1) , ;
2) , ; 2. v 1) ; ;
2) ; - .
squint [skw9nt] 1. n , 2. v , ; ~ -eyed .
squirrel [`skw9r7l] . .
stab [st5b] 1. n ; 2. v .
stability [st7`b9l9t9] ; .
stable I [`ste9bl] 1) ; 2) .
stable II [`ste9bl] ( ).
253

stack
stack [st5k] 1. n ; , ; 2. v
.
stadium [`ste9dj7m] .
staff [sta:f] 1) ; ; ; 2) .
.
stage I [ste9d=] 1. n ; 2. v , .
stage II [ste9d=] , .
stagger [`st5g7] , .
stagna||nt [`st5gn7nt] ; ~tion .
stain [ste9n] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v 1) ; 2) .
stainless [`ste9nl9s] ; ;
~ steel .
stair [st87] ; ~case .
stake [ste9k] 1) ; 2)
; be at ~ ;
3) . .
stalemate [`ste9l`me9t] . .
stalk [st6:k] . ; ().
stall [st6:l] 1) .. ; 2) ,
; 3) . .
stallion [`st5lj7n] .
stammer [`st5m7] 1. n ;
; 2. v ; .
stamp [st5mp] 1. n 1) , ;
2) ; 2. v 1) ; 2) .
stanch [sta:nt3] , ( .).
stand [st5nd] 1. n , ;
; 2. v (stood; stood) 1) ;
2) , ; ~ for
; ~ in ; ~ up
.
standard [`st5nd7d] 1) ; 2) ;
3) , ; ; 4) ;
~ of living ; ~ize , .
standpoint [`st5ndp69nt] , .
standstill [`st5ndst9l] , ; come to a ~
.
star [sta:] 1. n ; film ~ ;
2. v . .
starch [sta:t3] 1. n ; 2. v .
254

stench
stare [st87] , ; ; .
starling [`sta:l92] .
start [sta:t] 1. v 1) ; 2)
; 3) ; 4)
( .); 5) ; 2. n 1) .
; 2) ; 3) ;
.
startle [`sta:tl] 1) , ; 2) ; 3) .
starvation [sta:`ve937n] .
starve [`sta:v] 1) ; 2)
; 3) (for).
state I [ste9t] 1) ; 2) .
state II [ste9t] 1. n , ; 2. v
, ; .
stately [`ste9tl9] ; .
statement [`ste9tm7nt] ; to make a
~ .
statesman [`ste9tsm7n] .
station [`ste937n] 1. n 1) , ;
2) ; 2. v .
stationary [`ste93n7r9] , ;
~ troops .
stationery [`ste93n7r9] .
statistics [st7`t9st9ks] .
statue [`st5tju:] , .
stature [`st5t37] -; of high ~
; grow in ~ .
statute [`st5tju:t] 1) , ; 2) .
stay [ste9] 1. v 1) / ; 2) ; 2. n ; ;
.
steady [`sted9] 1. a 1) , ;
2) ; ; 2. v ;
.
steak [ste9k] , .
steal [st9:l] (stole; stolen) 1) ;
2) - .
steam [st9:m] 1. n ; 2. v / ; ~er, ~ship , .
steel [st9:l] .
steep [st9:p] , , .
steer [st97] 1) , ();
2) ; ~ing wheel , .
stem [stem] ; ; ().
stench [stent3] , .

stenography
stenography [ste`n6gr7f9] .
step [step] 1. n ; ; ~ by
~ -; keep ~ with . 2. v 1) ; 2)
/ .
stepdaughter [`stepd6:t7] .
stepfather [`stepfa:17] .
stepmother [`stepm017] .
stepson [`steps0n] .
sterling [`st7:l92] ( ,
)
stern I [st7:n] , .
stern II [st7:n] . .
steward [stju7d] ; ~ess
(, ).
stick [st9k] 1. n , ; ;
~ of chocolate ; 2. v
1) ; 2) ,
(); ~y .
stiff [st9f] ; ,
.
stiffen [`st9fn] ; , .
still I [st9l] 1. a , ; ~-born
; keep ~ ; stand ~
; 2. v .
still II [st9l] adv , .
still life [`st9lla9f] .
stimulate [`st9mjule9t] 1) ;
2) ().
sting [st92] 1. n , ; 2. v ;
; . .
stipulate [`st9pjule9t] .
stir [st7:] 1. n 1) , ; 2) , ; 2. v 1) ;
2) ; ;
3) ; ; ~ up
; ().
stock [st6k] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) , , ; ~holder , ; 5) word ~ , ; 6) (,
); out of ~ ; lay in ~
; 2. v 1) ; 2)
.
stocking [st6k92] () .
stoke [stouk] ,
, ; .
stoker [`stouk7] .

strap
stolid [`st6l9d] ; , .
stomach [`st0m7k] , ; ~-ache
.
stone [stoun] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v
1) ; 2) ; 3)
(); ~ cutter ;
~ fence .
stool [stu:l] , ; piano ~
.
stop [st6p] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; full
~ ; 2. v 1) ; 2) ;
3) ; 4) ; 5) ;
6) ().
storage [`st6:r9d=] 1) ;
; 2) .
store [st6:] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) pl. ; 2. v , ; ~house ; ~-keeper
; .
storey [`st6:r9] ; ~ed ;
one-~ed .
stork [st6:k] , .
storm [st6:m] 1. n 1) ; ~ of applause
; 2) . ; 2. v
; ~y 1) ; 2) ;
.
story [`st6:r9] ; ; short ~
; ; ~-teller ,
.
stout [staut] 1) ; 2) ,
; ~ness 1) ; 2) .
stove [stouv] ; ~ -pipe ().
stow [stou] 1) , ;
2) (); ~away
; .
straight [stre9t] 1) ; ; 2) , ; ~ talk ; ~forward ,
, .
strain [stre9n] 1. v 1) ;
2) , ; 3) ;
4) ; ; ~er ; 2. n
; ; .
strait [stre9t] 1. a , ; 2. n 1) .
; 2) .
strange [stre9nd=] 1) , ; ~r ,
.
strangle [`str52gl] 1) ; 2) ,
.
strap [str5p] 1. n ; 2. v .
255

strate||gic
strate||gic [str7`t9:d=9k] ; ~gy .
straw [str6:] , ; catch at
a ~ .
strawberry [`str6:ber9] .
stray [stre9] 1. a ; ; 2. v
1) , ; 2)
(, ).
streak [str9:k] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v
, - ; ;
~ed , -.
stream [str9:m] 1. n , , ; 2. v ;
(); ~er 1) , ;
2) .
street [str9:t] ; ~car . .
strength [stre24] 1) , ; 2) ; ~en (); ().
strenuous [`strenju7s] ; ; .
stress [stres] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
3) . ; 2. v 1) ; 2) .
stretch [stret3] 1. n ; , ;
2. v , (, .);
.
strew [stru:] 1) , ; 2) , .
strict [str9kt] , ; ; ~ness , .
stride [stra9d] 1. n , ;
2. v .
strike I [stra9k] (struck; struck)1) ,
; ~ a blow ;
2) (); 3) ~ a match
.
strike II [stra9k] 1. n ; be on ~
; go on ~ ; 2. v
; ~r .
striking [`stra9k92] 1) , ; ; 2) . ~ force .
string [str92] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) , ;
3) . ; 4) (); ~s
; pull the ~s .
; 2. v 1) ; 2) ; ~ band .
strip [str9p] 1. v 1) ; ; 2) ; 2. n 1) , ;
2) .
stripe [stra9p] 1) , ; 2) , ;
~d , .
256

subdue
strive [stra9v] (strove; striven) ,
; .
stroke [strouk] 1. n 1) ();
2) ; ~ of luck ; 2. v .
stroll [stroul] 1. v , ; 2. n .
strong [str62] , ; ;
~hold ; . ; ~-willed ; , .
structure [`str0kt37] 1) , ;
2) , .
stub [st0b] 1. n ; 2. v ().
stubborn [`st0b7n] 1) ; 2) ; ~ness
, .
stud [st0d] ( ).
student [`stju:d7nt] 1) ; 2) .
studio [`stju:d9ou] 1) (-, -,
-); 2) ().
study [`st0d9] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) ; 3) ; 2. v 1) ,
; 2) , .
stuff [st0f] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
; 3) ; 2. v 1) ( .); 2)
( .); ~y .
stumble [`st0mbl] 1. v 1) ();
2) (); ; ~ against
; 2. n 1) ;
2) ; 3) , .
stump [st0mp] 1. n ; 2. v 1) ,
(); 2) .
stun [st0n] 1) ; ; 2)
; .
stupefaction [stju:p9`f5k37n] .
stupendous [stju:`pend7s] 1)
; 2) ; .
stupid [`stju:p9d] ; .
sturdy [`st7:d9] ; ; .
stutter [`st0t7] 1. n ; 2. v .
sty [sta9] 1) / ; 2) . ().
styl||e [sta9l] 1) , , ; 2) ;
~ish .
subdivide [`s0bd9va9d] .
subdue [s7b`dju:] , .

subject
subject 1. n [`s0bd=9kt] 1) , ;
2) ; 3) ; 4) . ; 2. v
[s7b`d=ekt] 1) ;
2) .
subjugate [`s0bd=uge9t] .
sublime [s7`bla9m] , .
submachine gun [`s0bm7`39:ng0n]
().
submarine [`s0bm7r9:n] 1. a ; 2. n
.
submerge [s7b`m7:d=] 1) ;
(); 2) .
submission [s7b`m937n] ; .
submit [s7b`m9t] 1) ; ;
2) ();
().
subordinate [s7`b6:dn9t] 1. a 1) ; 2) ; 2) .
; 2. v .
subscribe [s7b`skra9b] 1) ;
2) ; ~r .
subscription [s7b`skr9p37n] 1) ; 2) ;
.
subsequent [`s0bs9kw7nt] ; ~ly
, .
subside [s7b`sa9d] 1) ();
2) / ().
subsidiary [s7b`s9dj7r9] ;
.
subsidy [`s0bs9d9] ; ;
.
subsist [s7b`s9st] , ;
.
subsistence [s7b`s9st7ns] ,
; .
substance [`s0bst7ns] 1) ; 2) ,
; 3) .
substantial [s7b`st5n37l] 1) ; 2) ,
; 3) .
substitute [`s0bst9tju:t] 1. n 1) ;
; 2) ; 2. v 1) ;
2) .
substitution [s0bst9`tju:37n] ; .
subtle [`s0tl] , ; .
subtract [s7b`tr5kt] . ; ~ion .
.
suburb [`s0b7:b] , .
subvention [s7b`ven37n] ( ); .

suffer
subversive [s7b`v7:s9v] , ; ~ activities .
subway [`s0bwe9] 1) , ;
2) . , .
succeed [s7k`s9:d] 1) ,
; 2) ; 3) .
success [s7k`ses] 1) ; be a
great ~ ; score
a ~ ; wish
smb. ~ ; 2) ;
have great ~ in life .
successful [s7k`sesful] , .
successfully [s7k`sesful9] ;
deal ~ with the task .
succession [s7k`se37n] 1) ; 2) ; in ~ ;
3) ; he had no fit ~
.
successor [s7k`ses7] ;
.
succulent [`s0kjul7nt] , .
succumb [s7`k0m] 1) ,
; 2) , ;
~ to cancer .
such [s0t3] , , , ;
in ~ cases ; in ~ a way ; do no ~ thing! !
suck [s0k] 1. n ; give a child ~
; 2. v .
Sudanese [su:d7`n9:z] 1) (-; -);
2) .
Sudani [su:`da:n9] .
sudden [`s0dn] 1. a , , ;
2. n all of a ~ , .
suddenly [`s0dnl9] -, .
sue [sju:] 1)
(); ~ for divorse
; 2) ; ~ an enemy for mercy
; ~ for peace
.
suet [sju9t] .
suffer [`s0f7] ; ~ pain
; ~ from headaches (from
rheumatism) /
; ~ losses , ;
257

suffice
your reputation will ~ / ; 3) ; he could
not ~ criticism o .
suffice [s7`fa9s] ; ,
; $100 will ~ for me 100
; your word will ~ .
sufficient [s7`f937nt] , ,
; this sum is ~ for the journey
;
isn't my word ~? ?
suffix [`s0f9ks] . .
suffocat||e [`s0f7ke9t] 1) ; 2) ; ~ion .
suffrage [`s0fr9d=] / ;
universal~/ .
sugr [`3ug7] , ; ~-basin ; ~-beet ; ~-loaf
; refined / white ~ ;
granulated ~ ; a lump of ~
; ~y 1) ; ; 2) .
suggest [s7`d=est] 1) ,
; 2) ; ~ion .
suicide [`sju9sa9d] 1) , ;
commit ~ ; 2)
, .
suit I [sju:t] 1. n ( ); 2. v
, , ;
.
suit II [sju:t] 1) ; 2) . , .
suitable [`sju:t7bl] , .
suitcase [`sju:tke9s] .
suite [sw9:t] 1) , (
); 2) , , ; a ~ of furniture
; ~ of rooms
; 3) . .
suitor [`sju:t7] 1) ; 2) ;
.
sulk [s0lk] ,
; (); is in
the ~s .
sullen [`s0l7n] 1) -, ;
; 2) ().
sulphate [`s0lfe9t] . .
sulphur [`s0lf7] . .
sultry [`s0ltr9] 1) , (); 2) .
sum [s0m] 1. n 1) ; , ;
pay a great ~ for smth.
258

superfluous
; 2) . ; do
~s ; 2. v ,
; ~ up .
sumac, sumach [`su:m5k] . .
summary [`s0m7r9] .
summer [`s0m7] ().
summit [`s0m9t] , ;
~ meeting / conference / talk //; climb
to the ~ .
summon [`s0m7n] (
.); ~ a witness . ;
~ Parliament ;
~s ( ).
sumptuous [`s0mptju7s] ; .
sun [s0n] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; sit
/ bask in the ~ ; 2. v
1) ; 2) .
sunbeam [`s0nb9:m] 1) ; 2) .
.
sunburn [`s0nb7:n] ; ~t ().
Sunday [`s0nd9] .
sunflower [`s0nflau7] . .
sunken [`s0nk7n] 1) (), ;
2) ; ~ cheeks ; ~ eyes .
sunlight [`s0nla9t] .
sunny [`s0n9] 1) , ; 2) , , ; look on the ~ side of
things .
sunrise [`s0nra9z] ,
.
sunset [`s0nset] , .
sunshine [`s0n3a9n] 1) ; 2)
.
sunstroke [`s0nstrouk] . .
sup [s0p] , .
superannuation [sju:p7r5nju`e937n] ;
.
superb [sju:`p7:b] 1) , ; 2) .
superficial [sju:p7`f937l] , , ; ~ wound ; a man of
~ understanding .
superfine [`sjup7`fa9n] ; ;
.
superfluous [sju:`p7:flu7s] 1) ,
; 2) .

superintend
superintend [sju:pr9n`tend] 1)
, ; 2) ,
.
superintendent [sju:pr9n`tend7nt] ,
, .
superior [sju:`p97r97] , ;
().
superiority [sju:p97r9`6r9t9] .
superlative [sju:`p7:l7t9v] 1) ; ; 2) . .
superman [`sju:p7m5n] , .
supermarket [`sju:p7ma:k9t] , .
supersede [sju:p7`s9:d] , (); ();
~ a system .
superstition [sju:p7`st937n] ,
.
superstitious [sju:p7`st937s] .
superstructure [`sju:p7str0kt37]
1) ; 2)
( );
3) . .
supervise [`sju:p7va9z] 1) ;
2) , .
supervisor [`sju:p7va9z7] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ( ).
supper [`s0p7] a ; have ~ a
; sing for one's ~
.
supplant [s7`pla:nt] 1)
(, ); 2) ; the buses are ~ing trams

.
supple [`s0pl] 1) ; 2) ; 3)
; ~ leather ; ~ mind
1) ; 2) , .
supplement [`s0pl9m7nt] 1. n (,
, ); 2. v ,
; ~ a menu with cheese
.
supplementary [s0pl9`ment7r9] ;
~ fertilizer .. .
supply [s7`pla9] 1. v ,
; ~ smb. with food
; 2. n 1) pl. ; inexhaustible
~ ; 2) pl. ;

survive
arrange for a ~ .
support [s7`p6:t] 1. n , , ;
moral ~ ; I hope to have
your ~ , ; 2. v ; ,
.
suppose [s7`pouz] , .
supremacy [sju`prem7s9] 1) , ; 2) .
supreme [sju:`pr9:m] ; .
supress [s7`pres] 1) , ,
( .); 2) : ~ anger / tears
/ laughter , (
, , ); 3)
(); (); 4) ().
supression [s7`pre37n] 1) , ,
(); 2) . ~ of civic rights
.
sure [3u7] 1. a 1) , ; 2) ; be ~ ; 2. abv ,
; you are ~ to like it
; ~ly ; .
surface [`s7:f9s] ; ; .
surgeon [`s7:d=7n] .
surgery [`s7:d=7r9] 1) ; ;
2) .
surgical [`s7:d=9k7l] ; (-, -)
surmount [s7:`maunt] , .
surname [`s7:ne9m] , .
surpass [s7:`pa:s] , .
surplus [`s7:pl7s] , , ; ~ value
.
surpris||e [s7`pra9z] 1. v ;
; ; be ~ed
; 2. n 1) , ;
2) ; ~ing ; .
surrender [s7`rend7] 1. n ; 2. v
1) ; 2) .
surround [s7`raund] ; ~ings
, .
survey 1. n [`s7:ve9] 1) , , ; 2) ; 2. v
[s7:`ve9] 1) , ;
; 2) ().
survive [s7`va9v] ox ();
/ .
259

survivor
survivor [s7`va9v7] , .
suspect 1. n [`s7spekt]
; 2. v [s7s`pekt] .
suspend [s7s`pend] 1) ; 2) ; .
suspenders [s7s`pend7z] , .
suspicion [s7s`p937n] .
suspicious [s7s`p937s] ; .
swallow I [`sw6lou] 1. v ; 2. n .
swallow II [`sw6lou] .
swamp [sw6mp] .
swan [sw6n] .
swarm [sw6:m] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ;
2. v 1) ; 2) .
sway [swe9] 1) , ; 2)
.
swear [sw87] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) ;
2. v (swore; sworn) 1) ; 2)
.
sweat [swet] 1. n ; 2. v .
sweater [`swet7] ( ).
Swede [sw9:d] ; ~n .
Swedish [`sw9:d93] ; (-, -).
sweep [sw9:p] 1. v (swept; swept) 1) ; 2) ; 3)
; 4) (wy, off) ;
.
sweet [sw9:t] 1. a 1) ; ; 2) ,
, ; 2. n pl. , .
sweeten [`sw9:tn] / , .
sweetheart [`sw9:tha:t] 1) ; 2)
( ).
swell [swel] (swelled; swollen) 1) ,
; 2) , .
swelling [`swel92] 1) , ; 2) .
swerve [sw7:v] 1) , ;
2) ; ~ from the straight path
; he never ~s from
his duty .
swift [sw9ft] , ; ~ness ; .
swim [sw9m] (swam; swum) ;
.
swimmer [`sw9m7] .
swindle [`sw9ndl] 1. n , ; 2. v
, ; ;
~r .
260

take
swine [swa9n] .
swing [sw92] (swung; swung) 1. v 1) , ; 2) ; ;
3) ~ open ; 4) ~ shut (); 2. n , .
Swiss [sw9s] 1. a ;
(-, -); 2. n .
switch [sw9t3] 1. n ; 2. v
; ~ off /
(); (, );
~ on (, .);
().
Switzerland [`sw9ts7l7nd] .
sword [s6:d] .
syllable [`s9l7bl] ; . ; not a ~
.
symbol [`s9mb7l] , ; ~ic ,
; ~ise .
sympathetic [s9mp7`4et9k] 1) ;
2) ; .
sympathize [`s9mp74a9z] 1) -
; 2) ,
.
symphony [`s9mf7n9] .
symptom [`s9mpt7m] , .
syndicate [`s9nd9k9t] ; ; .
syntax [`s9nt5ks] .
syringe [`s9r9nd=] ; ~ for single use
.
system [`s9st9m] , .

Tt
table [`te9bl] , ; time-~ ; ~spoon ; ~-cloth .
tablet [`t5bl9t] . .
tact [t5kt] ; ; ~less , .
tail [te9l] .
tailor [`te9l7] ().
taint [te9nt] 1. n 1) , ; 2)
; 2. v 1) , ;
2) .
take [te9k] (took; taken) ; ; ~ advantage of ,

tale
; ~ after smb. ;
~ care of ; ~ hold of
; ; ~ off
( .); ~ part (in) ;
~ place , (); ~ a
seat .
tale [`te9l] , ; tell ~s uydurmaq.
talent [`t5l7nt] , , ;
~ed , .
talk [t6:k] 1. n , ; 2. v , .
talkative [`t6:k7t9v] .
tall [t6:l] , ; .
tame [te9m] 1. a ; 2. v , .
tan [t5n] .
tangerine [t5nd=7`r9:n] , .
tangle [`t52gl] 1. n ; 2. v (); .
tank [t52k] .
tanker [`t52k7] .
tap I [t5p] 1. n ; 2. v ;
.
tap II [t5p] (, . ).
tape [te9p] 1) ; 2) (,
); red ~ .
taperecorder [`te9pr9k6:d7] .
tar [ta:] 1. n ; 2. v ; ~ry
.
target [`ta:d=9t] , .
task [ta:sk] , .
taste [te9st] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ; 2. v
1) , ; 2) .
tasteful [`te9stful] yax ;
.
tasteless [`te9stl9s] 1) ; 2) .
tasty [`te9st9] .
tax [t5ks] 1. n , ; ;
2. v .
taxi [`t5ks9] .
tea [t9:] ().
teach [t9:t3] (taught; taught) ,
, ; ~er ; ~ing
, .
team [t9:m] . , ; football
~ .
teapot [`t9:p6t] .
tear I [t97] ; to break into ~s .

temptation
tear II [t87] 1. v (torn, torn) , ;
2. n , .
tease [t9:z] 1. v , ,
; 2. n , ; .
tea-spoon [`t9:spu:n] .
technical [`tekn9k7l] .
technician [tek`n937n] .
technique [tek`n9:k] .
tedious [`t9:dj7s] ; .
teem [t9:m] ; -.
teenager [`t9:ne9d=7]
; .
teens [t9:nz]
.
teeth [t9:4] ( tooth) .
telegram [`tel9gr5m] .
telegraph [`tel9gra:f] 1. n ; 2. v .
telephone [`tel9foun] 1. n ; 2. v ; ().
telescope [`tel9skoup] .
television [`tel9v9=7n] ; ~-set
.
tell [tel] (told; told) , ; ; ~ a lie ; ~ the truth
; ~ the difference
; ~ smb. by sbm's voice
.
teller [`tel7] bankda kassir.
temper [`temp7] 1) , 2) , ; lose one's ~ , .
temperament [`temp7r7m7nt] (), .
temperature [`tempr9t37] ;
, .
tempest [`temp9st] .
temple I [`templ] .
temple II [`templ] .
temporal [`temp7r7l] ; ,
.
temporary [`temp7r7r9] , .
temporize [`temp7ra9z] .
tempt [tempt] ;
, ; .
temptation [temp`te937n] 1) /
; ; 2) , , .
261

tenacious
tenacious [t9`ne937s] , .
tenacity [t9`n5s9t9] , .
tend [tend] 1) ; ; 2) .
tendency [`tend7ns9] 1) , ;
2) .
tender [`tend7] 1) , , ; 2) ;
~ness , ; ~ -hearted , .
tennis [`ten9s] ; ~ -court .
tense I [tens] ; .
tense II [tens] . .
tension [`ten37n] ; high ~
; blood ~ qan tzyiqi.
tent [tent] .
tenth [ten4] .
term [t7:m] 1) ; 2) , ;
3) pl ; 4) pl ; on good
~s .
terminate [`t7:m9ne9t] , .
termination [t7:m9`ne937n] 1) ; 2) .
terrace [`ter7s] ; ; .
terrible [`ter9bl] , .
terrific [te`r9f9k] , .
terrify [`ter9fa9] , .
territorial [ter9`t6:r97l] ;
.
territory [`ter9t7r9] , , , .
terror [`ter7] 1) , ; 2) ; ~ist
.
test [test] 1. n ; , ; nuclear
wepons ~s ; 2. v , ;
.
testament [`test7m7nt] .
testify [`test9fa9] ; .
testimony [`test9m7n9] , (); .
text [tekst] , ; ~-book .
textile [`teksta9l] 1. a (-, -); 2. n
, .
than [15n] ( ) (-); is strnger ~ you o
.
thank [452k] 1. v ; ~you!
, ; 2. n pl , ; ~s to .
262

thrash
thankful [`452kful] .
that [15t] 1. prn. o ( ); 2. conj. .
thaw [46:] 1. n 1) ; 2. v .
theatre [`497t7] ; ~ -goer .
theft [4eft] .
their, theirs [187 187z] , .
them [1em] , .
theme [49:m] , .
themselves [1em`selvz] .
then [1en] 1. prn 1) ; 2) ;
; 2. conj. , ; ~ I'll
go ; since ~ o
; every now and ~ ,
.
theory [`497r9] , .
there [187] , , ; ~ is, ~ are ,
, : ~ by ; ~fore
, .
these [19:z] .
they [1e9] .
thick [49k] 1) ; ; 2) ; ~ hair
.
thief [49:f] (pl. thieves) .
thigh [4a9] , .
thimble [`49mbl] , .
thin [49n] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ; ~ hair .
thing [492] 1) , ; 2) , ; 3) ~s
; w are ~s? ?
think [492k] (thought; thought) ,
; ~ over .
third [47:d] .
thirst [47:st] ; .
thirsty [`47:st9] : be ~ , .
thirteen [`47:`t9:n] ; ~th .
thirtieth [`47:t994] .
thirty [`47:t9] .
this [19s] .
thorn [46:n] ; ~y .
thorough [`40r7] , ; .
those [1ouz] ( ).
though [1ou] 1. conj ;
; as ~ ; 2. adv .
thought [46:t] , ; ~ful 1) ,
; 2) ; ~less 1) ;
2) .
thousand [`4auz7nd] .
thrash [4r53] 1) (); 2) .

thread
thread [4red] 1.n , ; 2. v .
threat [4ret] , -; ~en , .
three [4r9:] .
threshhold [`4re3hould] .
thrice [4ra9s] .
thrift [4r9ft] ; ~y , .
thrill [4r9l] 1. n , ; ; ; 2. v 1) , ; 2) ; ~er
( .), .
throat [4rout] ; I have a sore ~ .
throb [4r6b] 1. n ; ();
2. v , - (
).
throne [4roun] .
through [4ru:] 1) , ;
o ; 2) -; ~ the
night .
throughout [4ru:`aut] , -;
~ the country .
throw [4rou] (threw, thrown) ,
.
thrust [4r0st] 1. v (thrust; thrust) 1) ; 2) ; , (
); 2. n 1) ; 2) .
thumb [40m] ().
thunder [`40nd7] ; ~bolt ; ~ storm .
Thursday [`47:zd9] .
thus [10s] , .
ticket [`t9k9t] ; ~- window .
tickle [`t9kl] .
tide [ta9d] ( ).
tidings [`ta9d92z] ; Have you heard
the glad ~? ?
tidy [`ta9d9] 1. a ; 2. v ; - .
tie [ta9] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ; 2. v
, .
tiger [`ta9g7] .
tight [ta9t] 1) , ; 2) ; ~en
; .
tile [ta9l] ; , .
till [t9l] 1. prep , ; I shall wait ~ 7
o'clock 7- ; 2. conj. ; she won't go
away ~ you promise to help her.

tolerable
, , .
timber [`t9mb7] -.
time [ta9m] 1) , ; 2) pl , ;
What's the ~? ? from ~ to
~ ; in ~ ; ~- table .
timid [t9m9d] , .
tin [t9n] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
3) ; 2. v .
tiny [`ta9n9] , .
tip I [t9p] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 3) ()
; 2. v 1) ; 2)
().
tip II [t9p] 1) , ; 2) .
tiptoe [`t9ptou] : on ~
.
tire I [`ta97] . tyre ().
tire II [`ta97] ; ; ~d
; be ~d of ; ; I
am ~ of this .
tiresome [`ta97s7m] , .
tiring [`ta97r92] .
titan [`ta9t7n] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
title [`ta9tl] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
to [tu:] 1) ; ~ come
; 2) :
~ me ; ~ him ; 3) : ~ school ; walk
~ and fro - .
toad [toud] . .
toast I [toust] 1. n ; 2. v
.
toast II [toust] 1. n , ; 2. v .
tobacco [t7`b5kou] ; ~nist .
today [t7`de9] .
toe [tou] ; from top to ~ .
together [t7`ge17] , ; get
~ ; join ~ .
toil [t69l] 1. n , ; 2. v .
toilet [`t69l9t] , ; ~-soap -
.
token [`touk7n] 1) , ; 2) , ; in ~ of ;
; in ~ of our friendship .
tolerable [`t6l7r7bl] 1) ,
; 2) .
263

tolerant
tolerant [`t6l7r7nt] .
tomato [t7`ma:tou] .
tomb [tu:m] ; ; ~stone .
tomorrow [t7`m6rou] .
ton [t0n] .
tone [toun] 1) ; 2) . , ; 3) .
( ).
tongs [t02z] pl.; .
tongue [t02] 1) . ; 2) (); mother ~ .
tonight [t7`na9t] , .
tonsil [`t6nsl] . , ; ~litis
, .
too [tu:] 1) ; ..., ... ; 2) ,
.
tool [tu:l] , .
tooth [tu:4] (pl teeth) ; ~ache ;
~ brush ; ~ paste ; ~
powder .
tp [t6p] 1. n , , ,
; be on the ~ /
: she is at the ~ of the class o
; 2. a (); .
topic [`t6p9k] ; ~al .
topography [t7`p6gr7f9] .
topsy-turvy [`t6ps9`t7:v9] -; .
torch [t6:t3] ; .
torment [`t6:m7nt] 1. n , , ;
2. v , .
torrent [`t6r7nt] , .
torrid [`t6r9d] .
tortoise [`t6:t7s] .
torture [`t6:t37] 1. n , , ;
2. v / .
Tory [`t6:r9] .
; .
toss [t6s] 1) , -; 2) , .
total [`toutl] 1. a , , ; ; 2. n , .
totalitarian [tout5l9`t87r97n] . .
touch [t0t3] 1. n , ; get in
~ with ; in ~ with ...
; 2. v 1) , ;
2) .
touching [`t0t39] .
264

train II
touchy [`t0t39] .
tough [t0f] 1) , ; 2) ; 3) ,
.
tour [tu7] 1. n ( ); 2. v
, ; .
tourist [`tu7r9st] ; ~ agency
.
tournament [`tu7n7m7nt] , .
tow [tou] 1. n ; ; take in
~ ; 2. v
( .).
toward(s) [t7`w6:d(z)] ( ) / .
towel [`tau7l] , .
tower [`tau7] 1. n , ; 2. v (above,
over), , ().
town [taun] ; ~ hall ;
~sman ; ~sfolk, ~s people
.
toxicology [t6ks9`k6l7d=9] .
toy [t69] 1. n ; ; 2. v , ; ~book .
trac||e [tre9s] 1. n , ; 2. v 1)
; 2) ( ); ~ing
.
track [tr5k] 1. n 1) ; 2) , ; 3)
; 2. v , ,
.
tractor [`tr5kt7] .
trade [tre9d] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. n
; ~ mark ; ~ price ; ~ union
.
trader [`tre9d7] , .
tradesman [`tre9dsm7n] 1) , ;
2) .
tradition [tr7`d937n] ; ~al .
traffic [`tr5f9k] / ;
~ jam / /
.
tragedy [`tr5d=7d9] , .
tragic [`tr5d=9k] .
trail [tre9l] 1. v 1) , ;
2) ; 2. n ; ; ~er .
(, ).
train I [tre9n] 1) ; go by ~ ; 2) ( ).
train II [tre9n] ; ; ; Teachers' Training University
universitet.

trait
trait [tre9t] (); .
traitor [`tre9t7] , .
tram [tr5m] .
tramp [tr5mp] 1. n 1) , ; 2)
; 2. v 1) ; 2)
.
trample [`tr5mpl] ; .
tranquil [`tr52kw9l] , , ; ~ity
, .
transact [tr5n`z5kt] , .
transaction [tr5n`z5k37n] , ;
~s ( ); .
transcribe [tr5ns`kra9b] 1)
; ; 2) .
transfer [tr5ns`f7:] 1) ; 2) , .
transfiguration [tr5nsfigju`re937n]
; .
transform [tr5ns`f6:m] ; .
transformation [tr5nsf7`me937n] ;
.
transformer [tr5ns`f6:m7] .
transgression [tr5ns`gre37n] (
.); .
transitive [`tr5nz9t9v] . .
translate [tr5ns`le9t] , .
translation [tr5ns`le937n] .
translator [tr5ns`le9t7] .
transmit [tr5nz`m9t] , .
transmitter [tr5nz`m9t7] /
.
transparent [tr5ns`p87r7nt] 1) ;
; 2) .
transplant [tr5ns`pla:nt] 1)
; 2)
().
transportation [tr5nsp6:`te937n] ;
.
transverse [`tr5nzv7:s] .
trap [tr5p] 1. n ; 2. v 1) ,
; 2) .
trash [tr53] 1) / ; ; 2) , ;
~y , ; .

triumphant
travel [`tr5vl] 1. n ; 2. v
, ; ~ler ,
.
traverse [`tr5v7:s] ; /
.
tray [tre9] ; , .
treacherous [`tret37r7s] , .
treachery [`tret37r9] , .
tread [tred] 1. v (trod; trod) ;
~ down ; 2. n 1) ; ;
2) .
treadle [`tredl] .
treason [`tr9:zn] ; high ~ .
treasure [`tre=7] 1. n ; ; 2. v
; ; ~r .
treat [tr9:t] 1. n 1) , ; 2)
( ); 2. v 1) ;
2) ; 3) .
treatment [`tr9:tm7nt] 1) ; 2) .
treaty [`tr9:t9] , .
treble [`trebl] .
tree [tr9:] 1) ; 2) ; 3)
.
tremble [`trembl] 1. n , ; 2. v
, .
tremendous [tr9`mend7s] , .
trend [trend] , ; .
trial [`tra97l] 1) , , ;
2) ; ; on ~ .
triangle [`tra952gl] . .
tribe [`tra9b] ; .
trick [tr9k] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ,
; 2. v , ; ~y
; .
trickle [`tr9kl] - , .
trifle [`tra9fl] ; ; a
~ , , .
trill [tr9l] ; -, .
trim [tr9m] 1. v 1) ; ; 2) ; 3) ; 2. a .
trip [tr9p] , .
triumph [`tra97mf] 1. n , , ; 2. v .
triumphant [tra9`0mf7nt] , .
265

trolley
trolley [`tr6l9] ; ~bus .
troop [tru:p] , ; ~s .
tropic [`tr6p9k] ; the ~s ;
~al , .
trouble [`tr0bl] 1. n ; ; 2. v
1) ; 2) ;
~some , .
trousers [`trauz7z] .
trout [traut] . .
truck [tr0k] ;
; . .
true [tru:] , ; ; ; come
~ , ; ~ to
nature .
truly [`tru:l9] , ,
; Yours ~ ... (
).
trumpet [`tr0mp9t] . , .
trunk [tr02k] 1) (); 2) ;
3) , ; ~ -call ; ~ line
.
trust [tr0st] 1. n , , ;
2. v , ; ~ee ,
; ~ful , ; ~worthy .
truth [tru:4] ; tell the ~
; ~ful , , .
try [tra9] 1. n ; 2. v 1) ,
; 2) ; 3) ;
~ smth. on ,
(, .); ~ one's hand at
smth. .
tub [t0b] , .
tube [tju:b] 1) ; 2) ; ~ of tooth
paste ; 3) the ~
().
tuberculosis [tju:b7:kju`lous9s] ,
.
Tuesday [`tju:zd9] .
tuition [tju:`937n] 1) , ; 2)
; I have private ~
() .
tulip [`tju:l9p] . .
tumble [`t0mbl] 1) ; 2) ; ~r 1) ; 2) .
tumour [`tju:m7] , .
tun [t0n] .
266

twink
tune [tju:n] 1. n , , ,
, ; ; in ~ ();
out of ~ (); 2. v .
.
tunnel [`t0nl] 1. n ; 2. v .
turban [`t7:b7n] .
turbid [`t7:b9d] 1) (); 2) .
, .
turf [t7:f] 1) ; 2) .
Turk [t7:k] ().
Turkey I [`t7:k9] .
turkey II [`t7:k9] .
Turkish [`t7:k93] , ; ~ delight .
turmoil [`t7:m69l] -, ; .
turn [t7:n] 1. n 1) , ; 2) ;
2. v 1) , , , ; ; do smb. bad
~ ; ~ down ; ~
off (); (,
); ~ on (, , );
~ out to + ,
.
turnip [`t7:n9p] .
turnkey [`t7:nk9:] ;
.
turpentine [`t7:p7nta9n] .
turquoise [`t7:kwa:z] 1. n ; 2. a
.
turtle [`t7:tl] . .
tutor [`tju:t7] 1. n ; ; 2. v ,
.
twelfth [twelf4] .
twelve [twelv] .
twentieth [`twent994] .
twenty [`twent9] .
twice [twa9s] ; ~ a year
.
twig [tw9g] ; .
twilight [`twa9la9t] .
twine [twa9n] 1. n , , ; 2. v
1) , ; 2) ; .
twinge [tw9nd=] 1. n ; 2. v
().
twink [tw92k] 1. n g ; ; in a
~ g . 2. v g .

twinkle

undergraduate

twinkle [`tw92kl] 1. n 1) ; ;
2) ; 3) g ; 2. v 1) ;
; 2) g ; in a ~ g
.
twins [tw9nz] 1) ; 2) ; .
twist [tw9st] 1. n 1) ; ;
2) ; ; 3) ; 2. v
1) , ; 2) ( ).
twitter [`tw9t7] 1. n ; ; 2. v
, .
two [tu:] ; in ~ ; ~-storied
; ~-way .
type [ta9p] 1. n 1) ; ; ;
2) ; 2. v
; ~writer .
typhoid [`ta9f69d] .
typhoon [ta9`fu:n] .
typhus [`ta9f7s] .
typical [`t9p9k7l] ; .
typist [`ta9p9st] .
tyranny [`t9r7n9] , .
tyrant [`ta97r7nt] 1) ; 2) ,
.
tyre [`ta97] . tire.

Uu
ugly [`0gl9] , ; .
ultimate [`0lt9m9t] , ; ~ result
.
ultimatum [0lt9`me9t7m] .
umbrella [0m`brel7] .
umpire [0m`pa97] , hakim (idmanda).
unabashed [`0n7`b53t] ; .
unable [0n`e9bl] 1) ; ; 2) , ; I am ~ to do it.
.
unacceptable [`0n7k`sept7bl] 1) ; ; 2) .
unaffected [0n7`fekt9d] 1) ;
2) .
unalterable [0n`6:lt7r7bl] ; ; .
unamiable [0n`e9mj7bl] -, .

unanimity [ju:n7`n9m9t9] , .
unanimous [ju:`n5n9m7s] , ;
.
unapproachable [0n7`prout37bl] 1) ; 2) .
unarmed [`0n`a:md] .
unasked [`0n`a:skt] .
unauthorised [`0n`6:47ra9zd] .
unavailable [`0n7`ve9l7bl] ,
.
unavoidable [`0n7`v69d7bl] .
unbearable [0n`b87r7bl] .
unbelievable [0nb9`l9:v7bl] ;
.
unburden [0n`b7:dn] ,
.
unbutton [`0n`b0tn] .
unceasing [0n`s9:s92] , .
uncertainty [0n`s7:tnt9] 1) -;
2) .
uncle [`02kl] , ; .
unclean [`0n`kl9:n] , , .
uncomfortable [0n`k0mf7t7bl] .
uncommon [0n`k6m7n] 1) -; 2) ,
.
unconscious [0n`k6n37s] 1) ;
2) ; 3) u ; ; be ~ of .
uncover [0n`k0v7] 1) (
); 2) .
undeniable [0nd9`na97bl] .
under [`0nd7] 1) ; 2) ; 3) -
, ; ~ no circumstances
; he is ~ fifty
; work ~ smb.
.
underclothes [`0nd7klou1z] .
underestimate [`0nd7r`est9m9t] , .
undergo [0nd7`gou] (underwent; undergone)
1) ; ; 2) , .
undergraduate [0nd7`gr5dju9t] .
267

underground
underground [`0nd7graund] 1. adv ; 2. a ; ; 3. n the ~ .
underline [`0nd7la9n] 1)
; 2) .
undermine [0nd7`ma9n] ;
.
undermost [`0nd7moust] , .
underneath [0nd7`n9:4] , .
underpay [`0nd7`pe9]
.
undersigned [0nd7`sa9nd]
.
understand [0nd7`st5nd] (understood,
understood) , .
understanding [0nd7`st5nd92] 1) ;
2) ; mutual ~ .
undertake [0nd7`te9k] (undertook; undertaken) 1) ; 2)
.
undertaking [0nd7`te9k92] 1) ,
2) .
underwear [`0nd7w87] .
undesirable [`0nd9`za97r7bl] .
undeveloped [`0nd9`vel7pt] ,
.
undo [`0n`du:] (undid; undone) (, , ).
undouted [0n`daut9d] ; .
undress [`0n`dres] ,
.
uneasiness [0n`9:z9n9s] 1) , , 2) .
uneducated [`0n`edjuke9t9d] ; (), .
unemployed [`0n9m`pl69d] ; the ~ .
unemployment [`0n9m`pl69m7nt] .
unequal [`0n`9:kw7l] 1) -;
2) ; ~ed , .
uneven [`0n`9:v7n] 1) , ; -; 2) . ().
unexpected [`0n9ks`pekt9d] ;
.
unexplored [`0n9ks`pl6:d] .
unfair [`0n`f87] 1) , , ;
2) .
unfamiliar [`0nf7`m9lj7] ; .
268

unlimited
unfavourable [`0n`fe9v7r7bl] ; , .
unfinished [`0n`f9n93t] , .
unfit [`0n`f9t] , ,
.
unfold [`0n`fould] ; .
unforgettable [`0nf7`get7bl] .
unfortunate [0n`f6:t3n9t] 1) ; 2)
.
unfortunately [0n`f6:t3n9tl9] 1) ,
; 2) .
unfriendly [`0n`frendl9] (-, -);
-, .
ungrateful [0n`gre9tful] , ;
.
unhappy [0n`h5p9] ; .
unhealthy [0n`hel49] ; ;
.
uniform [`ju:n9f6:m] 1. n ;
; 2. a , .
unimportant [`0n9m`p6:t7nt] ,
.
union [`ju:nj7n] 1) ; ; 2) ;
Union Jack
.
unique [ju:`n9:k] 1) , ; 2) ,
unikal.
unit [`ju:n9t] 1) ; 2) , .
unite [ju:`na9t] , ; the
United Kingdom ; the
United States .
unity [`ju:n9t9] 1) , ; 2) . .
universal [ju:n9`v7:s7l] 1) ; ; 2) .
universe [`ju:n9v7:s] ; .
university [ju:n9`v7:s9t9] .
unjust [`0n`d=0st] , , .
unkind [0n`ka9nd] 1) -; 2) ,
; .
unknown [`0n`noun] ; , .
unless [7n`les] -; -; ; I
won't go ~ the weather is fine.
.
unlike [`0n`la9k] 1. a , ,
; 2. adv .
unlimited [0n`l9m9t9d] ; .

unload
unload [`0n`loud] ().
unlock [`0n`l6k] ().
unlucky [0n`l0k9] ; ; .
unmanageable [0n`m5n9d=7bl] .
unmask [`0n`ma:sk] / ; . .
unmerciful [0n`m7:s9ful] ,
.
unmoved [`0n`mu:vd] 1) ; 2) , .
unnatural [0n`n5t3r7l] -, .
unnecessary [0n`nes9s7r9] , .
unnoticed [0n`nout9st] 1) ,
; 2) , .
unoccupied [0n`6kjupa9d] 1) (),
; 2) ().
unpleasant [0n`pleznt] , .
unprecedented [0n`pres9dent9d] ; / .
unprofitable [0n`pr6f9t7bl] ,
; .
unreasonable [0n`r9:z7n7bl] , .
unreal [`0n`r97l] 1) -; 2) ,
.
unrest [0n`rest] , .
unsafe [0n`se9f] , .
unsatisfactory [`0ns5t9s`f5kt7r9] -.
unscrupulous [0n`skru:pjul7s] ;
.
unselfish [`0n`self93] 1) ; 2) , .
unshaven [`0n`3e9vn] ,
.
unskilled [`0n`sk9ld] ;
.
unsound [`0n`saund] ; .
unspolied [`0n`sp69lt] .
unstable [`0n`ste9bl] ; ,
.
unsteady [`0n`sted9] , .
until [0n`t9l] ; ; .
untouched [`0n`t0t3t] .
untrue [0n`tru:] 1) ; 2) .
unusual [0n`ju:=u7l] -, .
unveil [0n`ve9l] .

used
unwanted [`0n`w6nt9d] 1) ; 2) , ; .
unwilling [`0n`w9l92] , ; I am ~ to refuse him
.
unwillingly [`0n`w9l92l9] , .
unwise [`0n`wa9z] , .
unworthy [0n`w7:19] .
up [0p] ; ; ups and downs
-, up and down -
(otaqda); come ~ (to) .
upbringing [`0pbr9292] ,
.
upheaval [0p`h9:v7l] ;
.
upon [7`p6n] , , .
upper [`0p7] , , .
upright [`0pra9t] 1) , ; 2) ;
.
uproar [`0pr6:] -, , .
uproot [0p`ru:t] ; .
.
upset [0p`set] (upset, upset) 1) ,
- ; 2) ,
.
upside-down [`0psa9d`daun] -, .
upstairs [`0p`st87z] 1. adv (); go ~ qalxmaq; 2. n .
up-to-date [`0pt7`de9t] 1) ,
; 2) .
upward(s) [`0pw7dz] ,
.
urban [`7:b7n] ; ~ population .
urge [7:d=] ;
.
urgent [`7:d=7nt] , .
urine [`ju7r9n] .
us [0s] , .
usage [`ju:z9d=] 1) ; ; 2) ;
3) .
use 1. n [ju:s] 1) ; 2) , ;
2. v [ju:z] , ; ~ up
, .
used [ju:st] , ; He is ~
; He ~ to come to us. o, - .
269

useful

velvet

useful [`ju:sful] , .
useless [`ju:sl9s] , , .
usher [`037] ; ;
.
usual [`ju:=u7l] ; ; as ~ ; .
usually [`ju:=u7l9] , .
usurp [ju:`z7:p] , .
utensil [ju:`tens9l] ; -; .
utility [ju:`t9l9t9] 1) ; ;
; 2) pl. , .
utilize [`ju:t9la9z] , .
utmost [`0tmoust] ; ; do
one's ~ .
utter I [`0t7] , ; .
utter II [`0t7] , ;
; ~ance , ; ,
.
utterly [`0t7l9] , .

Vv
vacancy [`ve9k7ns9] 1) ; ;
2) .
vacant [`ve9k7nt] 1) , ;
2) .
vacation [v7`ke937n] 1) (
); 2) . .
vacuum [`v5kju7m] , ; ~cleaner .
vagabond [`v5g7b7nd] , .
vague [ve9g] , , ; .
vain [ve9n] 1) , ; in ~ ,
; 2) .
valerian [v7`l97r97n] ;
().
valiant [v5lj7nt] 1) , ; 2) .
, .
valid [`v5l9d] 1) . ;
; 2) , .
valley [`v5l9] .
valuable [`v5lju7bl] , .
270

value [`v5lju:] 1. n 1) ; 2) . ;
3) . , ; 2. v .
valve [`v5lv] 1) ; ; 2) , ;
3) .
van I [v5n] 1) ; 2)
.
van II [v5n] : vanguard.
vanguard [`v5nga:d] ,
.
vanish [`v5n93] , .
vanity [`v5n9t9] ; ~-bag, ~box, ~-case / ,
( ).
vanquish [`v52kw93] ,
.
vaporize [`ve9p7ra9z] .
vapour [`ve9p7] 1. n , ; 2. v
.
variable [`v87r97bl] , .
variation [v87r9`e937n] 1) ,
; 2) , .
varicoloured [`v87r9k0l7d]
, .
variety [v7`ra97t9] ; ~ show
/ .
various [`v87r97s] , ;
.
varnish [`va:n93] 1. n 1) ; 2) , ;
2. v , .
vary [`v87r9] 1) ; ;
2) , .
vase [va:zve9z] .
vast [va:st] , , ; ~ness
, .
veal [v9:l] .
vegetable [`ved=9t7bl] 1. a (-, -);
(-, -); ~ oil ; 2. n
, .
vehement [`v9:9m7nt] , ; ,
.
vehicle [`v9:9kl] (,
.).
veil [ve9l] 1. n ; ; 2. v
; .
vein [ve9n] 1) ; 2) .
velvet [`velv9t] .

vengeance
vengeance [`vend=7ns] ;
.
Venice [`ven9s] .
ventilate [`vent9le9t] ,
.
venture [`vent37] 1. n 1) ,
; 2) . (); joint ~
; 2. v 1)
; 2) .
verb [v7:b] . .
verbal [`v7:bl] 1) . ; 2) .
xssiz formas; 3); 4) .
verdict [`v7:d9kt] . .
verge [v7:d=] 1. n ; ; . ;
2. v : ~ on .
verify [`ver9fa9] 1) ; 2)
; 3) .
versatile [`v7:s7ta9l] .
verse [v7:s] i; .
very [`ver9] 1. adv ; ~ much ; 2. a
, ; the ~ , ; this ~
day ; ~ well .
vessel [`vesl] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
.
vest [vest] 1) ; 2) .
veteran [`vet7r7n] 1) ; 2) ()
.
veto [`v9:tou] 1. n ; ; put a ~ on
, .
vex [veks] .
vibrate [va9`bre9t] ,
.
vice [va9s] , , .
vice- [va9s] ; ~consul
; ~president -.
vicinity [v9`s9n9t9] ; , .
vicious [`v937s] 1) , , ;
2) .
victim [`v9kt9m] ; fall a ~ to
( ) .
victorious [v9k`t6:r97s] , .
victory [`v9kt7r9] ; gain (win) a ~
, .
victuals [`v9tlz] pl. , .
view [vju:] 1. n 1) , ;
2) ; ; ; point of ~, ~point
-; have in ~ ;

volcano
2. v 1) ; ; 2) .
vigorous [`v9g7r7s] , .
vile [va9l] 1) , , ; 2) ,
.
village [`v9l9d=] ; ~r .
villain [`v9l7n] ; .
vindicate [`v9nd9ke9t] 1)
; 2) ( .);
3) .
vine [va9n] , .
vinegar [`v9n9g7] .
vineyard [`v9nj7d] .
violate [`va97le9t] 1) ();
2) .
violence [`va97l7ns] 1) ; 2) ,
.
violent [`va97l7nt] 1) ; ;
2) , , .
violet [`va97l9t] 1. n ; 2. a .
violin [va97`l9n] ; ~ist .
viper [`va9p7] zool. .
virtue [`v7:tju:] 1) , ;
2) , .
visible [`v9z7bl] ; .
vision [`v9=7n] 1) ; ; 2) ,
, .
visit [`v9z9t] 1. v 1) ;
; 2) ; 2. n ;
; ; ~or , .
visual [`v9zju7l] ; ~ aids .
vital [`va9tl] 1) ; ; 2)
; ~s tib. orqanlar.
vitamin [`va9t7m9n] vitamin; ~ deficiency
vitamin mazl; avitaminoz.
vivid [`v9v9d] , .
vocabulary [v7`k5bjul7r9] 1) ;
; 2) .
vocal [`vouk7l] 1) ; 2) (-, -);
~ cords . .
vocation [vou`ke937n] , ;
.
voice [v69s] 1) ; 2) . .
void [v69d] 1) ; 2) .
, ; null and ~ ;
.
volcano [v6l`ke9nou] .
271

volume

wave

volume [`v6ljum] 1) ; 2) .
voluntary [`v6l7nt7r9] .
volunteer [v6l7n`t97] 1. n ; 2. v
;
.
vote [vout] 1. n 1) (); 2) ; 2. v ; ~r .
vow [vau] 1. n -; ; 2. v
; - .
vowel [`vau7l] . ().
voyage [`v69d=] (); ~r .
vulgar [`v0lg7] 1) , ; 2) ,
.

Ww
wage I [we9d=] : ~ war on -
.
wage II [we9d=] pl ().
wagon [`w5g7n] 1) , ;
2) .
wail [we9l] 1. n ; , ; 2. v
, , .
waist [we9st] (); ~coat .
wait [we9t] (for); ~er ;
~ress .
wake [we9k] (woke; waken) 1) ;
; 2) ( .).
walk [w6:k] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; go for
a ~, take a ~ , ;
2. v , ; .
wall [w6:l] .
wallet [`w6l9t] 1) ; 2) ; .
wallpaper [`w6:lpe9p7] .
walnut [`w6:ln7t] .
walrus [`w6:lr7s] (
).
waltz [w6:ls] ( ).
wander [`w6nd7] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; ~er ;
.
want [w6nt] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; be in ~ ; pl
272

; 2. v 1) , ; 2) .
war [w6:] 1. n , ; cold ~ soyuq
mharib; be at ~ (with) mharib vziyytind ; ~ prisoner sir;
~ peril mharib ; 2. a .
wardrobe [`w6:droub] ; .
ware(s) [w87(z)] , ; .
warehouse [`w87haus] .
warfare [`w6:f87] ; .
warm [w6:m] 1. a ; . ; get
~ ; 2. v 1) ; 2) .
war-monger [`w6:m02g7] .
warmth [w6:m4] 1) , ; 2) .
warn [w6:n] , ; ~ing .
warrant [`w6r7nt] 1. n 1) ; 2) , ; 2. v 1) ;
2) .
warrior [`w6r97] , .
warship [`w6:39p] .
wash [w63] 1. v ; ; ~ up
(-); 2. n 1) ;
2) .
wash-stand [`w63st5nd] .
wasp [w6sp] , .
waste I [we9st] ; .
waste II [we9st] 1. n 1) ; 2) , -; 2. v () ;
; ~ time .
watch I [w6t3] 1. v 1) ;
2) , ; 3) ; 2. n 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; ~ful ; ~man .
watch II [w6t3] ; qol saat; ~-maker
.
water [`w6:t7] 1. n ; 2. v ; ~-closet , ; ~-colour ,
; ~fall .
watering-pot [`w6:t7r92p6t] .
water-melon [`w6:t7mel7n] .
water-proof [`w6:t7pru:f] .
wave [we9v] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
, ; 2. v 1) ; ; 2) ; ().

wax
wax [w5ks] .
way [we9] 1) ; 2) h; ; 3) ;
4) , ; 5) ; by the ~
; by ~ of ; on the
~ to -a , ... ; get one's
own ~ ; in this ~
; this ~ please. .
we [w9:] ( ).
weak [w9:k] , ; ~-sighted
; ~-willed adli.
weaken [`w9:k7n] ; .
weakness [`w9:kn9s] , .
wealth [wel4] ; , ; ~y
, .
weapon [`wep7n] .
wear [w87] (wore, worn) ; ~ glasses taxmaq; ~ a moustache
saxlamaq.
weariness [`w97r9n9s] .
weary [`w97r9] 1. a 1) ; 2) ;
2. v .
weather [`we17] ; ~ beaten face
; ;
~ forecast .
weave [w9:v] (wove; woven) ,
; ~r .
web [web] .
wed [wed] ; .
wedding [`wed92] ; , ; ~ring .
wedge [wed=] 1. n , ; 2. v 1)
; 2) .
Wednesday [`wenzd9] .
weed [w9:d] 1. n ; ; 2. v
, .
week [w9:k] ; ~day ; ~-end
; ~ly , .
weep [w9:p] (wept; wept) .
weigh [we9] 1) (); 2) (); 3) - (,
); -scale ; ~-scales
.
weight [we9t] n , ; put on ~ ; lose ~ ; ~y ; ;
.
welcome [`welk7m] 1. n ; ; warm ~ ; 2. a
; 3. v ; -

whiskers
; ~! ! you are ~!
( ).
welfare [`welf87] .
well I [wel] 1) ; 2) .
well II [wel] 1. adv ; ~ off ;
- ; 2. a be ~
; 3. inter ; .
well-known [`wel`noun] .
well-read [`wel`red] ox , .
well-to-do [`welt7`du:] .
west [west] 1. n ; 2. a ;
(-, -); 3. adv .
western [`west7n] 1) ; 2)
( ).
wet [wet] 1. a , , ; 2. v
.
whale [we9l] zool. .
what [w6t] ; ; ~ever , ;
~ for ; ~ a pity! ! ~ if
; so ~? ?
wheat [w9:t] .
wheel [w9:l] 1. n1) ; ; 2) ;
2. v , ;
; ~ barrow .
when [wen] , .
whenever [wen`ev7] ,
-.
where [w87] , .
whereas [w87r`5z] ; .
wherever [w87r`ev7] , h ;
~ you go .
whether [`we17] ; I dn't know ~ he is
here o a ; ~ or no
.
which [w9t3] ; ~ of you ; ~ever .
while [wa9l] 1. conj ; - , ; 2. n , ; for a ~
; .
whim [w9m] ; .
whine [wa9n] 1. n ; 2. v ,
, .
whip [w9p] 1. n , ; 2. v 1) ; ; 2) , ().
whirl [w7:l] 1) ; 2) .
whirlwind [`w7:lw9nd] .
whiskers [`w9sk7z] 1) ; 2)
().
273

whisper
whisper [`w9sp7] 1. v ; 2. n ;
in a ~ .
whistle [`w9sl] 1. n 1) ; 2) ; 2. v
1) , ; 2) .
white [wa9t] a; ; White House
; ~hall .
whitewash [`wa9tw63] 1. n 1)
(); 2) ; 2. v , .
who [hu:] , o , ; ~ever
-.
whole [houl] 1) , ; 2) ; on
the ~ 1) ; 2) .
wholesale [`houlse9l] .
wholesome [`houls7m] , .
whom [hu:m] , .
whore [h6:] .
whose [hu:z] .
why [wa9] , .
wicked [`w9k9d] 1) (); 2) .
wide [wa9d] 1) , ; 2) ; ~- awake
; ~-open ;
taybatay .
widen [`wa9dn] ; ,
.
widow [`w9dou] ; ~er .
wide-spread [`wa9d`spred] .
width [w9d4] 1) ; 2) .
wife [wa9f] , .
wig [w9g] , .
wild [wa9ld] 1) ; ~ flower ;
2) ; .
wilderness [`w9ld7n9s] ; , .
wilful [`w9lful] , .
will I [w9l] 1) , ; 2) ; 3) irad.
will II [w9l] (
i) -, -.
willing [`w9l92] ; ; is ~
( ); ~ly ,
.
willow [`w9lou] .
win [w9n] (won; won) 1) , ;
2) ; ~ a victory ; ~ a prize priz ;~ing .
wind I [w9nd] , ; ~y ; ~ falls
/ rises / ; the ~ (mus.)
.
274

woman
wind II [wa9nd] (wound, wound) 1) , ; 2) (); 3) ; 4) ().
windmill [`w9nm9l] .
window [`w9ndou] ; ~-case ;
~ frame ; ~-pane .
wing [w92] 1. n , ; 2. v , .
wink [w92k] 1. v 1) , ; 2) ; 2. n 1) , ; 2) ; in a
~ .
winner [`w9n7] ().
winter [`w9nt7] 1. n ; 2. v .
wipe [wa9p] , ; ~ out
; .
wire [`wa97] 1. n , ; 2. v
.
wireless [`wa97l9s] 1. a ; 2. n .
wisdom [`w9zd7m] ; ; .
wise [wa9z] , .
wish [w93] 1. v , ; 2. n ,
.
wit [w9t] 1) ; ; 2) ; 3) , .
witch [w9t3] 1. n ; 2. v .
with [w91] , -, -.
withdraw [w91`dr6:] (withdrew; withdrawn)
1) (); ; 2)
; 3) ; 4) uzaqladrmaq.
wither [`w917] , .
within [w9`19n] 1) ; ;
~ four walls ; 2) ; ~ a year .
without [w9`1aut] -; -; -; -;
~ knocking ; ~ delay
yubanmadan;~ money pulsuz.
witness [`w9tn9s] 1. n ; bear ~ to ; 2. v 1) ;
; 2) (, ).
witty [`w9t9] .
woe [wou] , , .
wolf [wulf] (pl wolves) , ; ~ish
, .
woman [`wum7n] (pl. women) ; ~hood
; ~like .

wonder
wonder [`w0nd7] 1. n , ; it is
a ~ ; no ~ ; 2. v
, ; I ~ ; ; .
wonderful [`w0ud7ful] ; .
wood [wud] 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
wooden [`wudn] / .
woodpecker [`wudpek7] .
wool [wul] .
woollen [`wuln] , (-, -).
word [w7:d] ; in a ~ ; upon my
~ .
work [w7:k] 1. n 1) ; ; 2) ; 2. v
1) , ; ;
2) ; ; ~able
, , ; ~day
; ~ing classes ; ~ shop ;
.
worker [`w7:k7] , .
works [w7:ks] .
world [w7:ld] ; ; ; ~ly , ; all over the ~ btn dnyada.
worn [w6:n] ; ~ out
, .
worry [`w0r9] 1. v 1) ;
; 2) ; ;
2. n , .
worse [w7:s] , .
worship [`w7:39p] 1. n 1) ; 2) ;
2. v 1) ; 2) ;
~per 1) ; 2) .
worst [w7:st] .
worth [w7:4] 1. n , ; 2. a ;
it is ~ seeing ; ~less , ; ~while , .
worthy [`w7:19] , .
wound [wund] 1. n ; 2. v ;
the ~ded lar.
wrap [r5p] 1. v ; ; ~ oneself
up ; ~ed in flames alova brnm; 2. n 1) , 2) ; .
wrath [r6:4] , .
wreath [r9:1] 1. n ; 2. v
().
wreck [rek] 1. n , ; 2. v 1) , ; 2) ,
(, ).

yawn
wrestle [`resl] 1. n ; 2. v ; ~r
, .
wrestling [`resl92] ; arm-~ armresling;
qolbasma; free-style ~ ;
Greco-Roman ~ Yunan-Roma .
wretch [ret3] 1) , ; 2) ,
; poor ~ , ; ~ed ,
.
wring [r92] (wrung; wrung) 1) (paltar); 2) ().
wrinkle [`r92kl] 1. n ; 2. v ;
.
wrist [r9st] ; ~-watch .
write [ra9t] (wrote, written) .
writer [`ra9t7] .
writing [ra9t92] ; in ~ .
wrong [r62] 1. a 1) ; ; 2) ,
; Something is ~ with my pen.
; 2. v
; 3. n ,
; be ~ , ; What
is ~ with you? Sn ? You are ~ .
Sn .
wry [ra9] , , .

Xx
Xmas [`kr9sm7s] (Christmas) .
X-ray [`eks`re9] 1. v
; ; 2. n pl.
; ~ picture ogram;
~ therapy .
xylophone [`za9l7foun] .

Yy
yacht [j6t] ; ~sman m.
Yankee [`j52k9] , ; imal tatlarndan birinin sakini.
yard I [ja:d] yard (91 ).
yard II [ja:d] .
yawn [j6:n] 1. n ; ; 2. v .
275

year
year [j7:] il; ~ly ; ~ly book .
yearn [j7:n] (for) ,
.
yeast [j9:st] .
yell [jel] 1. n ;
; 2. v , .
yellow [`jelou] 1) ; 2) . , ;
3) . .
yes [jes] , .
yesterday [`jest7d9] ; the day before
~ .
yet [jet] 1. adv , , ; 2. conj.
, ; as ~ ;
and ~ .
yield [j9:ld] 1. v 1) , ;
2) ; 2. n 1) ;
.
yoke [jouk] ; .
yolk [jouk] .
yonder [`j6nd7] , ; , o;
,.
you [ju:] 1) , ; 2) , ; 2) ; .
young [j02] , ; ~ster , .
your [j6:] , ; ~s , ;
~self ; ~selves .

276

zoology
youth [ju:4] 1) ; 2) ; 3) ,
; ~ful .
Yugoslav [`ju:gou`sla:v] ; ~ia
; ~ian .

Zz
zeal [z9:l] ; ; ~ous , .
zebra [`z9:br7] . .
zenith [`zen94] . .
zephyr [`zef7] .
zero [`z97rou] .
zest [zest] 1) , ; 2) .
zigzag [`z9gz5g] -; - .
zink [z92k] 1. n ; 2. v .
Zionis||m [`za97n9z7m] ; ~t .
zip [z9p] 1. n ; ; 2. v ;
~-fastner, ~per , .
zone [zoun] ; , .
zoo [zu:] , .
zoology [zou`6l7d=9] .

GEOGRAPHCAL NAMES
Aa

Bb

Abkxaziya [7b`ke9=7]
Absheron [`5b37r6n]
Adana [a:da:`na:]
Addis Ababa [`5d9s`5b7b7]
Adriatic Sea [`e9dr9`5t9k`si:]
Adzharia [7`d=a:r97]
Afghanistan [5f``g5n9st5n]
Africa [`5fr9k7]
Alabama [`5l7`b5m7]
Alaska [7`l5sk7]
Albania [5l`be9nj7]
Aleppo [7`lepou]
Algeria [7l`d=97r97]
Alps, the [5lps]
Amazon, the [`5m7z7n]
America [7`mer9k7]
Amman [5m`m5n]
Amsterdam [`5mst7d5m]
Amu Darya [a:`mu:da:r`ja:]
Amur [a: `mu7]
Andes, the [`5ndi:z]
Andorra [5n`d6r7]
Angola [52`goul7]
Ankara [`52k7r7]
Antarctica [5nt`a:kt9k7]
Antwerp [`5ntw7:p]
Apennines, the [`5p7na9nz]
Arab Republic of Egypt
[`5r7br9`p0bl9k7v`i:d=9pt]

Aral Lake [`le9k0`ra:l]

Arctic Ocean [`a:kt9k`ou37n]

Argentina [a:d=7n`ti:n7]
Arizona [ 5r9`zoun7]
Ashkhabad [a:3ha:`ba:d]
Asia [`e937]
Asia Minor [`e937`ma9n7]
Athens [`547nz]
Atlanta [7t`l5nt7]
Atlantic Ocean [7t`l5nt9k`ou37n]

Australia [6:s`tre9lj7]
Austria [`6:str97]
Azerbaijan [a:z7rba9`d=a:n]
Azov Sea [0`z6:fs`9:]

Baghdad [`b5gd5d]
Bahama slands [b7`ha:m7`a9l7ndz]

Bahrein [b7`re9n]
Baikal Lake [`le9kba9`ka:l]
Baku [b0`ku:]
Balkan Peninsula [`b6:lk7np9`n9nsjul7]

Baltic Sea [`b6:lt9k`si:]
Bangkok [b52`k6k]
Barcelona [ba:s7`loun7]
Barents Sea [`b5rents`si:] e
Batumi [ba:`tum9]
Bavaria [b7`w87r7]
Beirut [be9`ru:t]
Belfast [`belfa:st]
Belgium [`beld=7m]
Belgrade [`belgre9d]
Bengal, Bay of [`be97v`be2g7l]

Berlin [b7`li:n] r
Bermuda slands [be`mju:d7`a9l7ndz] e
Bern (e) [b7:n]
Birmingham [`b7:m9ng7m]
Black Sea [`bl5k`si:]
Bogota [bougo(u)`ta:]
Bolivia [b7`l9v97]
Bombay [b6m`be9]
Bonn [b6n]
Bosnia and Herzeqovina [`b6:zn975nd
h7:ts7go(u)`vi:n7]
Bosporus [`b6spo(u)r7s] ()
Boston [`b6st7n]
Brasilia [br7`z9lj7]
Bratislava [`bra:t9`sla:v7]
Brazil [br7`zi:l] ()
Brazzaville [`br5z7v9l]
British sles [`br9t93`a9lz]
Brunei [bru:`ne9]
Brussels [`br0s7lz]
Bucharest [`bu:k7rest]
Budapest [`bu:d7pest]
Buenos Aires [`bwe9n7s`87r9z]
277

Bukhara [bu:`ka:r7]
Bulgaria [b0l`g87r97]
Burma [`b7:m7]
Cc

Delhi [`del9]
Denmark [`denma:k]
Detroit [d9`tr69t]
Djakarta [d=7`ka:t7]
Dnepr [`dnjepr]
Dominican Republic [do(u)`m9n9k7n
r9`p0bl9k]
Don, the [d6n]
Donbass [d0n`ba:s]
Dresden [`drezd7n]
Dublin [`d0bl9n]

Cairo [`ka97rou]
California [k5l9`founj7]
Cambodia [k5m`boudi7]
Cambridge [`ke9mbr9d=]
Cameroun [ka:m`ru:n]
Canada [`k5n7d7]
Canberra [`k5nb7r7]
Cannes [k5n]
Capetown [`ke9p`taun]
Caracas [k7`r5k7s]
Cardiff [`ka:d9f]
Caribbean Sea [k5r9`b97n`si:]
Casablanca [k5s7`bl52k7]
Caspian Sea [`k5sp97n`si:]
Caucasus, the [`k6:k7s7s]
Ceylon [s9`l6n]
Chechenistan [t39`t3en9sta:n]
Chicago [39`ka:gou]
Chili [`t39l9]
China [`t3a9n7]
Cleveland [`kli:vl7nd]
Colombia [k7`l0mb97] ()
Colorado [k6l7`ra:dou]
Columbia [ko(u)`l0mb97]
(- )
Congo [`k62gou]
Copenhagen [koup(7)n`he9g7n]
Corsica [`k6:s9k7]
Costa Rica [`k6st7`ri:k7]
Crimea, the [kra9`m97]
Croatia [krou`e9397]
Cuba [`kju:b7]
Cyprus [`sa9pr7s]
Czechia [`t3ek97]

Falkland slands [`f6:kl7nd`a9l7ndz]

Fes [fes]
Fiji [`fi:d=9]
Finland [`f9nl7nd]
Florence [`fl6r7ns]
Florida [`fl6r9d7]
France [fra:ns]
Frankfurt [`fra:nkfu:t]
Fujiyama [`fu:d=9`ja:m7]

Dd

Gg

Dagestan [d7ge`sta:n]
Dakar [da:`ka:]
Dallas [`d5l7s]
Damascus [d7`m5sk7s]
Dardanelles [da:d7`nelz]
Dead Sea [`ded`si:]
278

Ee
Ecuador [`ekw7d6:]
Edinburgh [`ed9nb7r7]
Egypt [`i:d=9pt]
Elbrus [`elbru:z]
England [`92gl7nd]
English Channel [`92gl93`t35n7l]

Erzurum [erz7`ru:m]
Estonia [es`tounj7]
Ethiopia [i:49`oupj7]
Eurasia [ju7r`e937] s
Europe [`ju7r7p]
Everest [`ev7rest]
Ff

Gabon [ga:`b6:n]
Ganja [g5n`d=5]
Garabagh [ga:r7`ba:g]
Geneva [d=9`ni:v7]
Genoa [`d=eno(u)7]
Georgia [`d=6:d=97]

Georgia [`d=6:d=97] (- )
Germany [`d=7:m7n9]
Ghana [`ga:n7]
Glasgow [`gla:zgou]
Great Britain [`gre9t`br9t7n]
Greece [gri:s]
Greenland [`gri:nl7nd]
Grozny [`gr6zn9]
Guiana [g9`a:n7]
Guinea [`g9n9]
Hh
Hague, the [he9g]
Haiti [`he9t9]
Hamburg [`h5mb7:g]
Hanoi [ha:`n69]
Hanover [`h5n7v7]
Havana [h7`va:n7]
Hawaii [h7`va99]
Helsinki [`hels92k9]
Himalayas, the [h9m7`le97z]
Hiroshima [h9`r6:39m7]
Holland [`h6l7nd]
Hollywood [`h6l9wud]
Honduras [h6n`dju7r7s]
Hong-Kong [`h62`k62] -
Houston [`hju:st7n]
Hudson [`h0dsn]
Hungary [`h02g7r9]
Hyderabad [`ha9d7r7b5d]
Ii
celand [`a9sl7nd]
ndia [9ndj7]
ndiana [9nd9`5n7]
ndochina [`9ndo(u)`t3a9n7]
ndonesia [9ndo(u)`ni:=7]
rak / raq [9`ra:k]
ran [9`ra:n]
reland [`a97l7nd]
sfahan [`9sf7ha:n]
slamabad [9s`la:m7ba:d]
srael [`9zre9(7)l]
stanbul [9st5m`bu:l]
taly [`9t7l9]
zmir [9z`m9r]

Jj
Jakarta [d=7`ka:t7]
Japan [d=7`p5n]
Java [`d=a:v7]
Jerusalem [d=7`ru:s7l7m]
Kk
Kabul [`ka:bul]
Kamchatka [k0m`t3a:tk7]
Kansas City [`k5nz7s`s9t9]
Karachi [k7`ra:t39]
Karaganda [ka:ra:ga:n`da:]
Kara Kum [`ka:ra:`ku:m]
Kashmir [`k53m97]
Kazakhstan [ka:za:(h)`sta:n]
Kazan [k0`za:nj]
Kazbek [k0z`bjek]
Kentucky [k7n`t0k9]
Kenya [`ki:nj7]
Key West [`ki:`west]
Khorasan [`kour7s7n]
Kiev [`ki:jef]
Kirgizistan [`k7:g7:z`sta:n]
Korea [ko(u)`r97] r
Kura, the [ku`ra:]
Kurdistan [ku7d9`sta:n]
Kutaisi [ku`ta:9s9]
Kuwait [ku`we9t]
Ll
La Manche [la:`ma:n3]
Laos [`le97s]
Las Vegas [la:s`ve9g7s]
Latin America [`l5t9n7`mer9k7]
Latvia [`l5tv97]
Lebanon [`leb7n7n]
Leipzig [`la9ps9g]
Liberia [la9`b97r97]
Libya [`l9b97]
Liechtenstein [`l9ht7n3ta9n]
Lisbon [`l9zb7n]
Lithuania [l94ju(:)`e9nj7]
Liverpool [`l9v7pu:l]
London [`l0nd7n]
Los Angelos [l6s`5nd=7l7s]
279

Louisiana [lu9z9`5n7]
Luxembourg [`l0ks7mb7:g]
Lyons [li:`6:2 `la97nz]
Mm
Macedonia [m5s9`dounj7]
Madagascar [m5d7`g5sk7]
Madras [m7`dra:s]
Madrid [m7`dr9d]
Magellan, Strait of [`stre9t7vm7`gel7n]

Makhachkala [ma:ha:t3ka:`la:]
Malaysia [m7`le9=7]
Mali [`ma:l9]
Malta [`m6:lt7]
Manchester [`m5nt39st7]
Marmara, Sea of [`si:7v`ma:m7r7]
Mecca [`mek7]
Medina [m7`di:n7]
Mediterranean Sea [med9t7`re9nj7n`si:]

Melbourne [`melb7n]
Mesopotamia [meso(u)po(u)`te9m97]
Mexico [`meks9kou]
Miami [ma9`5m9]
Michigan [`m939g7n]
Milan [m9`l5n]
Minnesota [m9n7`sout7]
Minsk [m9nsk]
Mississippi, the [m9s9`s9p9]
Missouri, the [m9`zu7r9]
Moldova [m7l`douv7]
Monaco [`m6n7k7]
Mongolia [m62`goulj7]
Mont Blanc [m6:2`bla:2]
Monte Carlo [m6nt9`ka:lou]
Montenegro [m6nt9`ni:grou]
Montreal [m6ntr9`6:l]
Morocco [mo(u)`r6kou]
Moscow [`m6skou]
Mozambique [mouz7m`bi:k]
Munich [`mju:n9k]
Nn
Nagasaki [na:g7`sa:k9]
Nairobi [na9`roub9]
280

Nakhichevan [na:h9t39`va:n]
Naples [`ne9plz]
Nepal [n9`p6:l]
Netherlands [`ne17l7ndz]
Neva, the [`njev7]
Newcastle [`nju:ka:sl]
New Guinea [`nju:`g9n9]
New York [`nju:`j6:k]
New Zealand [`nju:`zi:l7nd]
Niagara Falls [na9`5g7r7`f6:lz]

Nicaragua [n9k7`ra:gw7]
Nigeria [na9`d=97r97]
Nile, the [na9l]
North America [`n6:47`mer9k7]

Northern reland [`n6:1(7)n`a97l7nd]

North Pole [`n6:4`poul]

North Sea [`n6:4`si:]
Norway [`n6:we9]
Oo
Ob, the [6:pj]
Oceania [ou39`5n97]
Odessa [o(u)`des7]
Ohio [o(u)`ha9o(u)]
Oklahoma [oukl7`houm7]
Ontario [6n`t87r9ou]
Oslo [`6slou]
Ottawa [`6t7v7]
Oxford [`6ksf7d]
Pp
Pacific Ocean [p7`s9f9k`ou3(7)n]
Pakistan [p5k9s`t5n]
Palestine [`p5l9sta9n]
Pamirs, the [p7`m97z]
Panama [`p5n7ma:]
Panama Canal [`p5n7ma:k7`na:l]

Paraguay [`p5r7gwa9]
Paris [`p5r9s]
Pas de Calais [`pa:dka:`le]
Peking [`pi:`k92]
Persian Gulf [`p7:3(7)n`g0lf]
Peru [p7`ru:]

Philadelphia [f9l7`delf97]
Philippines [`f9l9pi:nz]
Poland [`poul7nd]
Portugal [`p6:tjug(7)l]
Prague [pra:g pre9g]
Puerto Rico [`pw6:t7`ri:kou]
Punjab [p0n`d=a:b]
Pyongyang [`pj6:2`ja:2]
Pyrenees, the [`p97r9ni:z]
Qq
Qaradagh [ka:ra:`da:]
Qatar [k6`t6:]
Quebec [kw9`bek]
Rr
Rabat [r7`ba:t]
Red Sea [`red`si:]
Reykjavik [`re9kja:vi:k]
Rhine [ra9n]
Riga [`ri:g7]
Rio de Janeiro [`ri:oud7d=7`ne9rou]

Rome [roum]
Romania [ru:`me9nj7]
Rwanda [ru:`a:nd7]
Russia [`r037]
Russian Federation [`r03(7)nfed7`re93n]

Ss
Sahara [s7`ha:r7]
Saigon [sa9`g6n]
Salt Lake City [`s6:lt`le9k`s9t9]
Samarkand [`s5m7k5nd]
San Francisco [s5nfr7n`s9skou]

San Marino [sa:nma:`ri:no(u)]

San Salvador [s5n`s5lv7d6:]
Santiago [s5nt9`a:gou]
Sao Paolo [sau2m`paulu:]
Saudi Arabia [sa:`u:d97`re9b97]

Scandinavia [sk5nd9`ne9vj7]
Scotland [`sk6tl7nd]
Seattle [s9`5tl]

Senegal [sen9`ga:l]
Seoul [se9`u:l]
Serbia [`s7:b97]
Shanghai [`352`ha9]
Siberia [sa9`b97r97]
Sicily [`s9s9l9]
Singapore [s92g7`p6:]
Slovakia [slo(u)`va:k97]
Slovenia [slo(u)`vi:nj7]
Sofia [`souf97]
Somali [so(u)`ma:l97]
South African Republic [`sau4`5fr9k7n
r9`p0bl9k]
South America [`sau47`mer9k7]

South Pole [`sau4`poul]

Spain [spe9n]
Stockholm [`st6khoum]
Strasbourg [`str5sb7:g]
Sudan [su:`d5n]
Suez Canal [`su9zk7`n5l]
Sumatra [su`ma:tr7]
Sweden [`swi:dn]
Switzerland [`sw9ts7l7nd]
Sydney [`s9dn9]
Syria [`s9r97]
Tt
Tabriz [t7`bri:z]
Tajikistan [ta:`d=9k9`stan]
Tahiti [t7`hi:t9]
Taiwan [ta9`wa:n]
Tallin(n) [`ta:l9n]
Tanzania [t5n`za:n97]
Tashkent [ta:3`kent]
Tatarstan [ta:t7r`sta:n]
Tbilisi [tb9`l9s9]
Tehran [te`hra:n]
Tel Aviv [`tel7`vi:v]
Tennessee [ten7`si:]
Texas [`teks7s]
Thailand [`ta9l5nd]
Thames, the [temz]
Tibet [t9`bet]
Tien Shan [t9`en`3a:n]
Tokyo [`touk9ou]
Toronto [t7`r6ntou]
Trabzon [tra:b`z6:n]
281

Tunis [`tju:n9s] ()
Tunisia [tju:`n9=97] ()
Turkey [`t7:k9]
Turkmenistan [t7:kmen9`sta:n]
Uu
Ukraine [ju:`kre9n]
United Arab Republic (U.A.R.) [ju:`na9t9d
`5r7br9`p0bl9k] (...)
United Kingdom (U.K.) [ju:`na9t9d`k92d7m]

United States of America (USA) [ju:`na9t9d
`ste9ts7v7`mer9k7]
()
Urals, the [`ju7r(7)lz]
Uruguay [`ju:7rgwa9]
Uzbekistan [uzbek9`sta:n]
Vv
Valencia [v7`lens97]
Valetta [v7`let7]
Vancouver [v5n`ku:v7]
Vatican (City) [`v5t9k7n(`s9t9)]
Venezuela [ven7`zwi:l7]
Venice [`ven9s]
Versailles [v87`sa9]

282

Vienna [v9`en7]
Vietnam [`vjet`na:m]
Vilnius, Vilnyus [`v9ln97s]
Virginia [v7`d=9nj7]
Vladivostok [vl7dj9v0`st6:k]
Volga, the [`v6:lg7]
Volgograd [v6:lg7`gra:d]
Ww
Wales [we9lz]
Warsaw [`w6:s6:]
Washington [`w6392t7n]
Westminster [`wes(t)m9nst7]
White Sea [`wa9t`si:]
Yy
Yakutsk [j7`kutsk]
Yalta [`ja:lt7]
Yellow Sea [`jelou`si:]
Yemen [`jem7n]
Yugoslavia [ju:go(u)`sla:vj7]
Zz
Zair [z7`i:r]
Zambezi [z5m`bi:z9]
Zambia [`z5mb97]
Zurits [`zu7r9k]


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
-
Aa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Bb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Cc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Dd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Ee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Ff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
Gg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Hh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Jj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Kk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
Ll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Nn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Oo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Pp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
Rr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
Ss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109
Tt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
Uu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
Vv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125
Yy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136
283

-
Aa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143
Bb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152
Cc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159
Dd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173
Ee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181
Ff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187
Gg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .193
Hh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .196
Ii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .200
Jj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .206
Kk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207
Ll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207
Mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .213
Nn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .220
Oo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223
Pp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227
Qq . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236
Rr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236
Ss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .244
Tt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .260
Uu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .267
Vv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .270
Ww . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272
Xx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .275
Yy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .275
Zz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276
Geographical names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .277

284

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14.03.2006. 23.05.2006.
6090 1/16. 18. .
25000. 179.
5773-90, 4.482-87

- .
, , 3.