1.

H thng nhn tin

H thng tin nhn l mt trong nhng cch cnh bo khng dy c nhn v h

thng tin nhn. N bt u t nhng nm 1960. Ngi nhn l mt my nhn
tin vi mt s in thoi chuyn dng nhn tin nhn. Tin nhn ch yu l s
in thoi ca ngi gi. Trong h thng nhn tin ting, mt tin nhn thoi c
th c truyn sau ting beep. My nhn tin c th nhn c c ch v s,
trong c m mn hnh kh ln hin th chui vn bn. N c gii thiu
vo cui nhng nm 1970 v c a chung vo gia nhng nm 1990. Bng
thng ca knh tin nhn l 25kHz. Mi mt knh tin nhn c th phc v 50000
my. Mi thp tin nhn c th cao 100m v c th bao ph vng din tch bn
knh 16 km. Do , h thng tin nhn l h thng quang ph hiu qu nht. Tn
s nhn tin hot ng trong khong 35MHz, 150MHz, 450MHz v 900MHz.
Trong di tn s thp , s tn hao truyn song la nh so vi s iu khin h
thng vi tn s trn 1GHz. C mt vi loi h thng tin nhn da trn b mt
khng kh ca h. British Post Office bt u nh dng mt tn hiu c gi
l Post Office Code Standardization Advisory Group (POCSAG) trong nhng
nm 1970. u nhng nm 1990, mt giao thc tc cao c gi l
European Radio Message System (ERMES) c chp thun bi ETSI.
Motorola pht trin FLEX, v Philips Telecom pht trin Advanced
Paging Operations Code (APOC). Do kiu my nhn tin khc nhau nhn
nh dng tn hiu khc nhau.
nh dng m ha POCSAG c th c lm vic 2400 bps v c th ph
hp vi 2 triu my. nh dng m ha FLEX c th lm vic 2400bps.
ERMES c th c tc truyn ti hiu dng l 3750 bps.
Trong nm 1990, h thng nhn tin rt c a chung, c bit trong khu
vc Chu . Nhiu ngi mang my nhn tin v tr tin phc v thp. My
nhn tin cng c kch thc nh v nh hn so vi in thoi cm tay. Trong
nhng nm 2000, kich thc, trng lng v tin dch v ca in thoi cm
tay gim mt cch mnh m, v yu cu mt h thng nhn tin l khng cn.
H thng nhn tin bin mt.

1.5
1.5.1

Cc khi tiu chun

Khi tiu chun quc t

Lin minh vin thng quc t (ITU), trc y c bit nh y ban t vn

in thoi, in chnh quc t (CCITT), pht trin tiu chun cho modem

qua cc dng thoi. Cc tiu chun lin quan ca Vin in v K s in t

(IEEE-SA) v t chc tiu chun quc t (ISO), hai trong cc t chc tiu
chun pht trin mng cc b (LAN).

1.5.2

1.6
1.7

Cc khi tiu chun trong cc khu vc khc nhau

Phn b ph
Nghin cu hiu sut ph