BO GIAO DUC VA DAO

TAO't

UOI TOAN HOC VIET NAM

1(rsq)

rAp csi na sAxc rHANc

,4

't

\_

'I

Xu*

ulr {#;

TAP CHI TOAN HQC VA TUOI TRE

C{-ir*

wh'Y"*

q^&r't- il4^'w

Tdng biAn tAP

N(,trYl N t

.iNtl

Phd tdng hiAn

I( ),\N

tip

N(r() I).\l lt'

II() \N(; ('llt N(i

nOr

o0ttc

elEN tAP

Nguytn Canh Todn, Hodng

Chung, Ngd DAt Ti. Ld Khac
Bao, NguyAn Huy Doan, Nguy6n

Viet Hei, Dinh Quang Hao,

Nguyt;n XuAn Huy, Phan Huy
Khei, V0 Thanh Kltidt, LA Hei
Kh6i, Nguy\n Van Mdu, Hodng

LA Minh, Nguy:n Khdc

Tru sd toa soort

Minh,
TrAn Vdn Nhung, Nguyi:n Dang

Noi, DT :260786
231 Nguy6n Varl Cu, TT' HCM, DT : 3561 11

Phdt, Phan Thanh Quang, Ta

Hbng Quang, DAng Hing Thang,

Bin tdp uit tri srt :

vi bio 1 ud ninh hgo .'

Trung, Dang Quan Vi6n

8l Trdn Htrng

Dao,

Hi

v0 Kl M

THUY

DOAN HoNG

In tai Xudng in Nhi xu5t bAn Gid:o duc

In xong vn grli lrru chidu thang 1. 1994

Vu Duong Thuy, Trdn Thdnh Trai,

LO Bd Khdnh Tirnh, Ngd Viet

Tro.ng qu:i trinh tim kidm ldi giai nhi6u bDi

todn hlnh hgc, sE rdt cci loi ndu &ring ta xem
x6t phdn tir bi6n, phdn ttt gidi h4n nao dd, trlc
ln phdn tir mi tai dr; m6i-dai luong hinh'hoc
cci thd n-han Cui tr! l6n nhdt ho6c gia tri ntrO
nhdt, ching han nhtr canh l6n nirdt] canh nh6

nhdt cta m6t tam gSdc; g6c ldn nhdt ho6c gcic
nh6 nhdt cria m6t da giric v.v...
Nhfingtinh chdt cta phdn tir bi6n, phdn ttr
gidi han nhi6u khi girip chring ta tim drroc ldi
giAi thu ggn crla bdi todn.
. -.Phttong phrip tidp cAn nhrr v6y t6i ldi giei
bdi torin drroc goi ld nguy6n tdc crrc han.

ABC cci ba gcic nhon n6n cdc didm A,,

doqo BC.CA va
u C_, ludng ring nim tiong-.-APC,
AB-Ndi PAJB, PCJa c6
+ C,pB +
BPA, + A,PC + CPB, + B,PA'= gOdo.
- ^Su_y ra gbc l6n nhdt trong 8 gic nny kh6ng
glac

thd nh6 hdn 600.

-Ktr6rq lim mdt tinh chdt tdng qurit ta cd
thd gie st ring g6c APC. ld l6n nfrat, ttrg thi

APCl >

600.

X6t tam giric vu6ng APC t, ta c6

PCt
Ap =

^
cosAPC,

<

"o"60" = i.

Danh cho cdc ban phd thOng c0 sd

r--l-ai

L:,

*1

NGUYBN vAN

*Gi

Vi dq

loc tang

viNH

tt 0o d6n 90o thi

jo"

.
"?"
"o*in
M6t nu6c cri B0 sAn bay mi kho&ng c6ch d<i gi6m).
giua hai s1n-bay nio cring khrtc nhau. Mdi may
Til dd ta c6 Ap > zpc1.
bay cdt qinh tt m6-t san bay vi bay ddn san
qich ldn nhdt
Ndu
thay pA
bav ndo gdn nhdt. c\{lg minh ring tren bdt t"";;;;^['hoang beng khoang
p
crich
tr]
ddn
cdc dinh vi
ki sdn bay nio c0ng kh6ngthd cci q-ra S *ay
tha1ipct bing khoAng c6ch ngdn nh6t trong

-hoc(?9-tli
1992

chon hoc sinh gi6i torin l6p 9

BAngA).
r*i',ftT:#i:l'i, XydiH'";ff
-

1993.

khoAng crich MN-la l6n nhdJ-ttorrs

crla tanr

gtrac

MON, do dcj IzION

ndm

ll%it
",i"
OOo.".rrh
Gia

1! ran_g- cd.c nr6y bay pay .tt cdc san bay Mr,
M2, ...Mu tdi san bay o [hi m6t trong cdc gdc
MioMikh6ng ldn hon
,t, t,n = t,2, ..,...
80) wi tdng cric gcic da cho bing 8600. V6y

360p

,
n
'"Vi

600, hay

n < 6.

Z
-1qm
ba
gdc nhon, Idy
trot aiOm p Ua"t

thrlc cang"drroc th6a m6n.

Vi au"S
6i ABCD c<i hai dtrdng chdo AC va
_
BD citt nhau d E. Chrlng minh rang ndu eic
brin kinh cria b6n dudng trbn noi tidp cac tam
gtr6c EAB, EBC, ECD vd EDA ma bang nhau
ll,i t,t g]icABCD la hinh thoi.
sinh gi6i to6n l6p g ndm

'ir.;ei

nn"qfi#,_"ffir1*
-'A;;-

Kh6ngldrn_mdttinh chdt tdngqurit, c<j the

ringAE >- CE vd'DE > BE. GoiB, vi.
C^1 txarrs r't1S le qic didm d6i xfng cira B vA
C qua tdm E, ta cci tam gSac CrEB, nim trong
tam g15,c AED.
GiA st doan
-"
AD
''N
tr
vdi doan DF,.
Khi dd drrbng /,' '',. ,.,' \
giA sft

au

.. Tr^o1rg
giric ABd cd

i\t
// \'.i
'\

i\ \"iar
,11
lil:#+i:'ii[
oi"fi fOn--"fra? ;r\-'.- \
I

kho,s;;l;

* ;n'

-- ' '
cdc /
ll --."
uroa""g cach"Li /
t$n ? noi tidi
,l
; {\
l
didm F ddn c6'c I ::1 '**-i
tam gidc cPr;t
,,
l.---=
i-,-_
II ./"/.r,/--*
thn tary
A E'-."
,r nam bcn trons
" :-,j,
gracf
gya
J
I
-'
drrdng trbn noi
.: - ' - \i ... \i
H,o"s
I
"hO'hd"
qhi chon hoc sinh gi6i torin ldfg nam dang phdi cAnh 4
l.)
-hocqe
1992 - 1993. Beng B)
v6i drrdng trbn

trong

t,

""Sl1o"?E?r",!,i"u331o?#:ifi *H

ilY'#

tdm ddng d'4ns E, ho s6 ddng dang

Nhu v4y ,4ro rcrEB, = rcEB (rnuo lit

'
b6n kinh drrdng tron nQi tidp tam $ c AED).
Vo ll vi tr6i v6i gie thdt rtcn = r-,o. Di6u v6
ll chrlng t6 ring"A : c, C{"D : fr'suy ra trl
$6c ABCD ln hinh bin[ hanh.
Trong hinh blnh hnnh ABCD ta cci : pr.r =
SAEB
=
= SBEC -- pz. r vdi pr, p2 ttldng fng
li ntra chu vi c6c tam g76c AEB vd BEC.
Suy ra : pt = p2, do dd.43 = BC hay ABCD

li

hlnh thoi.

li

b6n c4nh crla mQt

di

viaqa

Chrlng minh

ring

bdn hinh trdn drrdng kinh

trl gi6c ldi phrl kin

fi

$6c

cho.

Gi6i : GiA sit M ld mQt didm tirf,y nirylQr

troggltl g16cl6iABCD. Ta c<i : AMB + BMC
+ CMD+ DMA -- 3600, do dd g<ic ldn nhdt
trons b6n gtic niy kh6ng nh6 hon 90". GiA sfi
AMB> 90o. Khi dd M nim bn trong dtrdng
trdn drrdng kinh A.B.

viaqs

Tr6n mit ph&ngcho 1993 didm, kho&ng cSch

giita cric didm nAy d6i mQt kh6c nhau. N6i m6i
didm trong s6 i993 didm niy vdi didm gdn
nhdt. Vdi cach ndi dri cti thd nh4n drrgc mQt
drrdng gdp khric kh6p kin hay kh6ng ?
Gi6i : GiA srl nhdn
drrgc mQt dudng gdp khiic
kh6p kin, Goi A-B li mit
l6n nhdt crla dttdng gdp A
khtic ndy vi. AC vd BD li
hai m6t k6 v6i AB. Ta c6
AC <AB n6n B kh6ng
phAi ld didm gdn nhdt cria
A, cbn BD < AB thi A kh6ng phAi ln didm gdn
nhdt crla B, nhr.I v6y c6c didrn A vi B kh6ng
thd dugc ndi vdi nhau. Di6u niy chrlng t6 kh6ng
thd nh{n drrgc m6t dudng gdp khric kh6p kin.
Dtt6i d6y ld mOt sd bdi torin thdm dd cic
ban trt luyQn.
Bdi 1 : Giir srlE li giao didm hai <trtong.cheo/CviBD cria
giSc ldi ABCD. Cling minh ring ndu chu vi ci4c tam gi6c
EAB, EBC, ECD vd EDA blng nhau thi ABCD
hinh thoi.

t0

Bdi 2 : Cho 1994 <lrtdng thing phin bit, trong d6 ba dudng

bdt ki trong sd chring d6ng quy. Ching minh ring 1994 tludng
thing de cho ddng quy t4i mQt di6m.

Bdr 3 : Cho Min <tiiim phan bit

B, C, D tong il6 khdng
c6 ba didm nAo nim trn cLng nrQt dUdng thing. Ch(ng minh ring
cd it nhdt li mQt trong sti c6c tam gi6c t4o thanh bdi ba trong bdn
<Iiiim A" B, C, D kh6ng phii li km gi6c c6 ba goc ddu nhgn.

,-A

rtri

GIOI THIEU CUOC THI QUOC TE

.,PHAT HIEN TAI NANG

T'AN

Hqc"

LE HAr KHoi
Th6ng 1l n5m 1992 trong cuSc g{p v6i lAnh dao Doi
tuydn thi Todn qudc td c0a Singapore mdy ndm gdn dAy,
c6c gi6o srl Koh K.M vA Chen C.C. c0ng nhr,t v& 6ng Yong
W.giAm ddc Nhd xudt ban Khoa hec - Vdn h6a - C6ng
ngh6, m$t trong nh0ng ndi thr.tdng in cAc tAi liQu vd bdi
dL/6ng hac sinh gi6i To6n - Li - Tin hec, chring t6i drl9c
bidt hiCn nay dang c6 cuQc thi qu& td Phat hien tai
ndng to6n hqc". Md thdng tin vd cuOc thi nAy ddu do
NhA xudt bAn cOa 6ng Yong dAm nhiOm.

DAy lA cuoc thi khe f th4 trjdng dd githg c6c kl thi

do 86o TH vA TT c0a nu6c ta td chrlc. Do vfy, chtug
t6i mudn gi6i thi0u v6i ban dec c0a bAo vd cuOc thi ndy.
Mvc dich cia cuOc thi vA khuydn t<hicn c5c hoc sinh
phd fr6ng tron toen thd gi6i tham gia giAi c6c d6 thi do
Ban Td ch*c Ua chen vA c6ng b5. CuOc thi di6n ra quanh
nlm, m5i nlm 3 - 4 vdng, mdi vdng 5 bAi toAn. m6i oAi
to6n 5 di!m. Sau m& vdng sE c6 giAi thr.tdng cho nh0ng
bai tdt nhdt. Tuy nhi6n, cfri frqc sinh nAo tham gia 4 vdng
[6n tidp m6i du6c x6t trao giai. Rdt khuydn khich vA c6
giAi thddng dic biQt cho cAc hec sinh tham gia 10 vdng
[6n tidp trong thAi gian 2-3 ntrm hec phd th&rg cOa m]rh.
Cho ddn nay di c6 hdn mOt nghin hqc sinh d gdn
hai mtJdi nr.t6c tham gia, d6ng nhdt le 6 Hoa K!,, Dic,
Bungari, Latvia,

orr6i aay
V1.

-.

E dd thi vdng l.

V6i mdi sd nguy6n dudng rl ta tdp sd

d6 s(a) lA tdng c6e ch0 sd c0a sd

Hdy x6c dinh gi6 tri nh6 nhdt c,ia
hop sau

ff

fr

trong hQ thfip

,ro,'.tn
phAn.

trong trtng tnrdng

(iii)10A0<n <9999
< r <99
lii) 100 < n < 999 (iv) 10000 < n < 99999
2/1 Ti'm tdt cA cAc cip s6 nguy6n r vd 2 < k < n,
(i) 10

(rt) (;) (, U
,*' ((*) = o=rel
sao cho

rap tnann cdp sri cons

3/1 Dat n qu6n d6min6 vAo bAng 8 x 8, m6i qu6n ph0

hai 6 kd nhau, sao cho kh6ng thd dAt thOm quAn nAo vAo
cdc 6 trdrg cdn lqi. HAy x6c dinh giA tri nh6 nhdt c6 thd
c6 c0a n,

Bdi 4 :'frn m{t phing cho 1994 didm sao cho ba diim
bdt ki trong sd d6 li thSng hing. Chitng minh ring 1994 diiim
<f5 cho thlng hing.

4/1 Chting t6 rlng bXng c6c doan thEng c6 thd chia

Odt Xi tam gi6c nhgn ndo thAnh 3 phdn, theo 3 c6ch kh6c

Bdi 5.'Trn m{t phlng cho 1994 didm kh6ng cDng nim
tren mQt dudng thEng. Ch(tng minh ring tdn tai mQt ihldng
trbn qua 3 ditim sao cho n6 kh6ng ch(a bdt ki ditim nio trong
s6 1991 di6m cdn lai.

5/1. Chting t6 rlng bing cAc m{t ph&ng c6 thd chia

mOt tri diQn bdt ki thenh 6 phdn sao cho m6i phdn ddu

nhau,

c6

sao cho m6i phdn ddu c6 trqc ddi xing.

mit dd xing.

Bei T1/195 : Chg ba s^5 x, y, z nguyAn duong

thu. mdn hQ thtlc f + t' * zz = 1992. Hdi sd
A = Bh + g2i a 1ggg2z ci thd la s6 chini piuong
kh6ng, tqi sao ?
Ldi giii : Xdt sd A = Bk + 32Y + 1ggg2z
ta thdy :

8h = (9-I)b = I
34 :0 (mod 3).

(mod3).

1g%4 = (rc92 * 922 : I (mod 3).

A: 2 (mod 3).(1)
Mqt kh6c ta thdy mQt s6 nguy6n duong z
bao gid etng bidu di6n dtroc du6i dang : hodc
n -= 3k ho6c n = 3k +
Nhtt viy ta cci hodc
^1.
n2 = o (mod 3) hoec n2 = r (mod g) (2)
Tt (1) vd (2) ta thdy A kh6ng thd lh sd
Yay

chinh phrrong.
Nhin x6t : 1. Rdt nhi6u ban cri ldi giAi nhu
tr6n.
2. Mdt s6 b4n chrlng t6 ring A = 2 (mod
4)-vd nh6n x6t ring": m6t sd chinh phrrong bao
gid c0ng cci hodc nz = 0 (mod 4) hac nz : 7
(mod 4). Tt dd rtit ra A kh6ng thd la sd chlnh
phrrong.

g. MOt s6 ban dga vdo di6u ki6n x2 + f +

+ z2 = 1992 ciitng t6 ring
;t tar, "trrg
ctta A li 8 vi di ddn k6t luin"ht
A kh6ng thd
la
sd chinh phrrong.
4. Cde ban sau dAy cri ldi giei t6t : Nguydn
!4ng, -B}{; Trdn Minh Anh, Nguyn Bd Hil,ng,
Nguydn Hodng Duong, 9H, Trtrng Vrrong ;
Dodn TM Dttng, 6M, Nguydn Ngqc Tdn, 9M ;
Marie Crie ; Trd.n Phuong, 7A,, GiAng v6 2 ;
Duong,Minh Dtc, 9An Trung'Nhi ; Nguydn
"pA"e
P_hrt Binh, 9A, Bd Van Dan; Ha N9i.
Huy,
Trdn
Phti Son, Luorug Dtc Vinh,
Q1lang
BT, Vit Thu Hudng, Hit. Thu Thdo, Luortg Ld
Qryang, Ddo Xudn Duong, Triln Pham Ngiy1n,
9T, Nangkhidu, Hf,i Hung. Pham.ThimhHi.p,
Vfr Van Hoan, Phgm Tudn Anlr., Nguydn Cdih
Hiro, 9T. Phan Bdi Chdu ; Trh,n Thi Tharuh,
9T, PTCS Qu6n Hinh, Nghe An ; Ngo Vu Thu
Hdng, 749 NK Ti6n Son ; Nguydn Dinh Qud,n ;
8Au chuyOn tstn Y6n ; Nguydn Hbng Minh ;
9T, NK Thuin Thinh ; Nguydn Quang Ninh,
9A" Nang khi6u, Hd Bic. Vuong Minh Thu,
88, chuy6n Vi6t Tri, HtL Anh Tudn ; Phq.nt
Trdn Thg, 9T, Chuy6n Phti Tho, Vinh phri.
Phqm. Viruh Hba, 9E chuy6n Bim Son;?rlzrh
Hftu Trung ; Ngl Xudn Anh, 9T, Lam Son,
Thanh H6a. Phgm ViQt Thd.ng ; Trd.n Nguyan
U-So" , 9Il PTTH L6 Lgi, Hd D6ng, Hd ?ay.
Nguydn Thi Thanh, 9A,, Hdng Bang, Hai
Ehbng. Trd.n Cdng Cuitng 9T, Pham Huy
Quang D6ng Httng, ThAi Binh. ?rdz Dft
Quy6n, 9T, Trdn Dang_Ninh, Nam D!nh, Nam
A?, k_Phudc Danh,9r, Nguydn Tri Phtrong,
ThtaThi6n Hud Nguydn Minh Qu6c,9, PTTII
Hodi An, Einh Dinh. Phqm BdHd, 9T, Chuy6n
Nguy6n Binh Khi6m, Vinh Long.'
Td NGUYEN

Bei T2l195 z Cho n s6 duong ay a2t ... an

a!

a)
a_

(dt + a2)@1+ a3) @z+ a3)@3+

+ '+

-L

aZ)

a!
r:
(q;qq-;$'4,1,o'

Ldi giei :

rdt nhi6u b4n)

Goi vd tr6i cria bdt d&ng thrlc ld Q vd
a!
(cria

al

(a.t+a)(a?+aZ)
a!

+... +

(a2+a3)@3+a3)

thiQ-P=(at-

(a,t+a)(4+a?)
- r) + (ar- a) *...1 (an* a) = 0 + Q = P
Do dri

o = jre+P)=
(Ki hi6u a,r*

*,i,C*#*A

, = ar).

Nhrrng : 2@| + o?*)

> (a, * a,*r)z

+ 2(a! + ala) > @i + a,*ry2ta! + ol*)

(1)

Mat kh6c :
a@f + o.? * t)2 > 2@? + o! * 1)2 (2)
Tt (l) vn (2) ta c6 :
a@! + o!*)2 > (ai+ai+)z(& +"!*r)

a! + a!*,
1a,+a,n)@! +

a!*)

2-41

(a,

* an).

1i

.n
+ a!,.
a1
ttfl
Vi rQy: Q = qZr
2
r?r@,+a,*r)(af +"fu,)

>

! "

1l

;" i >= I (oi*oi*) = i2

= t: ",
r

(dpcm)

Ddu ding thrlc x6y tz en sd bing nhau.

Nh$n x6t : Hdu hdt cdc ban grli ldi giai
v6 d6u giAi drlng. Nhrtng bqn c<i liri giei t6t la
: Pham In Hiutg (9A - Trung Nhi = Ha NOi),
Nguydn Ngw Hd,i (8T - Chuy6n QuAng Ngail,
Trinh Hilu Trung (9T - Lam Son - Thanh
H6a), Dinh Tidn Hoirng ( I To6n -.Ti6n HAi
- Thdi Binh), v.v..
Bqn Phgm Ngqc l,an (9 Chuy6n To6n Vi6t Td - Vinh Phri) xudt ph6t tt :

a!

11

> , oi- 4
1a,*a;*r)(a7 +a?i*)

hidn nhi6n c6 (2). GiA sr} da c6 (2) vdi n. = k,

h>1. I<hi dd bk+r = b/,-Jbt = @{-t{o-')' -

ai+r

dd suy ra di6u phAi chtlng minh. (Khri d6c d6o !)

C6c b4n : Phqm Huy Quang (9 DOng
Hrrng - Thrii Binh, Dod.n Thd DrTng (I\4ari Quyr.i

- He NQi) d6 cd ging tdng qurit hda bii torin

vdi ldi giAi hodn todn nhrr bdi torin tr6n. (Cric
ban khric thtr tdng qur{t bii torin ?)
r.E lrrriruc rulrA'r
Bni T3/f95. Cho tant gia.c dbu ABC. nt lit
mdt didm tryp tam g!!.c. Chtl:glninh rd.ng :

600< MAB+MBC+MCA< 12OO

Ldi giei : Do $
trong A A-BC n6n
^ + AA= 81 * Bz
"a*
: Ct* Cr : 600
e,
vi Cl < 600(1). KhOng
ldnl^mdt t{nh tdng qurit, gi&
i,.
st l, < Br. Nhtt vay
:

-A

Ar+ Br <

B2+ Br(2)
Kdt^hgp {2) vdi (1), ta

cci

'
Chring minh trrong tr-I, ta ' .
cring cd :^
,i*
42 * 82 * C2 < l2Ao
v6i (1), ta cd :
^K6*qp.14)
At+ Btn Ct 1B0p - (Ar+ tsz+c)

'
.-

(4),

> 6V.
Bdi to6n dd duoc giAi xong.
Nhfln x6t Cri 109 ban tham gia giAi trong
dd mOt s6 ban ld hoc sinh ldp 10 PTTH, hoc
sinh 10 chuy6n tin, chuy6n hrja. C6c ban d6u
giAi ddng. Cric ban sau ddy cd ldi giAi t6t Plwnt
Trd.n Thp (gCT, Phri Thq - Vinh Phf), Phant
Van Thitnh (8.r\ DOngSon - Thanh Hda),Trdn
Phu Son (8 Toan P?NKHei Hung), D6 Thantt
Tudn (l0Achuy6n hria DHTH^HA Nqi), blguydn
Minh Qudc (9 - PTCS HoAi An - Binh Dinh),
VO llbng Minh (9T Ngrry6h Binh Khi6m - Vinh
Long) Phan Tudn Anlz (Trudng chuyOn cdp II
- III La lfti6t - QuAng Ngai).
DANG VIEN

Bai T4l195 : Cho ddy sd {a,,} xdn dinh theo

at = 2 , att+L - o1, Sal, - 3. fint

quy luQt sau :

sd hang tdng qud,t a,r.

Ini gai : (cia nhin bS.n) : DAt bn = a,, * 7

n>

til

d6y {a*} ta cri diy {br,} drloc xric

dinhb6i :b, = 3, bn+t = bl, * SbuVn > !.
V

1,

- Sx * 7 = 0(1).D6
thdy (1) cci hai nghiOrn ph6n bi6t
Xdtphrrongtrinhr?

,x2uitxr*xr-3,x1 .x2=7. Ta sd chr.lng

minh, lirrg quy n?p theo n, ring
bn = fr"-' + Fr"-ttz\vn > 1. Thet vdy, vdi n=1

xl

-B(r?* ' +r)'-\ =4*

Fro

+s1*,*S:r-t.

(r?*-'*rj*-') - B(r?* '+rl*-\ :

= 4 + C" (vi xtx2 : l), nghia lA ta cung
c6 (2) vdin : k + .1. VAy (2) dringV n > I.
* *')"-' - l.Dethdy(l)
Trld<i: an = fl-'
,

cd hai nghiem xt,2

liE

uu,

,3 -{9 , 3"-t+\,3 *{5. r"-l

u,,=(
z )
z ) -t'

NhQn x6t: MOt sd ban hoc sinh PTCS tham

gia giAi bii nhung cho ldi giAi sai vi chtta hidu
rliing thd ndo li s6 hang tdng qurit cria rnOt
d6y sd. Cric han cri ldi gini t6t : Trdn Quang
IIuy, Nguydru Anh Tudn, Kibu Hrtu Dting,
Nguydn l{6ng Tdnt (PTTH HungVuong - Vinh
Phri) ; Nguydn Viet Anh (CT DHSPI He NQi) ;
D6 T'ri Dtrng, Nguydn Hoimg Anh {CT DHTH

He NEi) ; Hoirng Thi Tuj,[s, In Anh Cxdng,

Nguydn LG Minh, Hit. Thanh Hdi, Chu Tidn
Dirng, Pham Ld Soru, Nguydn Vidt Todn, L
NguyAn Chdt (PTTH Lam Son - Thanh Hcia) ;
HodngVit,ru Long, Chu NguyAn Binh (CT DHSP
Vinh) ; Tang Nant Lorug (PTTH Phan B6i Chdu
- NShQ An) vi Dd.o Thi Thian Huong (PTTH
DOng HA - QuAng Tri).
NCiUYDN KHAC }IIN}I
Bai T5/195 : Gidi phuong trinh :

r)+x*I - *.n"-'*(*'

- 1)u'

(1)

Ldi giei : (cia nhibu ban) : Ta cci

*' r) : o
(1) e-+(r2 - lXu' - l) +r(eYr
iz).
:

oX6t"t*0;+1.Khidri:
eY-lnt'-l-1
x
xJ-1

:0{3).

\Z)*-

g5
r ;c 0, x6t /(t) : !-:J
t
+Vdi, <0 thi d - 1 < 0 (vte > 1) = f(t) > O
+ V6ir > 0 thi e,- 7 > 0 + f(t) > 0 Nhrl

Voi

vqy

f(t) >o V,

o.

Tt

uo

,+

Vr+ 0"e:,
"i-, -_i1 =f(x2-l)
x,--1

fix) > o

> AVx

+1.

Suy ra phttong trinh (3) vO nghi6m, vi do dri

(1) v0 nghiQm trong R\{0 ; 1 ; -1 }.
cX6tr : 1 ; t 1. Thay ldn luot cric giri tri
niy vAo (1) ta thdy chring ddu th6a (1).
VAy phuong trinh dd cho cd tdt cd 3 nghiOrn

ld.:x=0;x=-1;x:7.

vi

Nhfln x6t : 1. C6 rdt nhi6u b4n gui ldi giai

da s6 cci ldi giAi dring. Cric b4n cri ldi giAi

tdt hon cA.: Nguydn Phuong Lan, Trb,n Quang

Huy, Kibu II{tu Durtg, Nguydn Van IIQi, Hod,tzg
Vinh HQi (Tnrdng chuyOn Htng Vrrong - Vinh
Phf) ; Btti Thd Long (PTTH Chu Vdn An, Hd
NQi), Nguydn Thd.i Hd) (10M Mori Quiri, Hi
NQi) ; Trd.n Dang Hba, Trd.n Tn Uyen (CT
DHTH, He NQi) ; Nguydn Thanh Ciang (ll
CL DHTH, Ha NOi) ;Vu Thi Bich Hir (PTTH
chuy6n - Th6i Binh) ; Nguydn COng HiQu (l1A
PTTH Nguy6n Du - Thanh Oai - Hn Tdy) ;
Nguydn Minh Phuong (12A PTTH Nguy6n
Hu6, Hi Tey) ; Vu Minh Phuong (128 PTTH
Ba Dinh - Nga Son - Thanh Hda) ; Trd.n Trung
Tinh, L Thi Hd, Phgm La Son, La Nguyan
Chd.t, Hod.ng Anh Titng, L Anh Cuitng, Hod.ng
Thi Tuydt (Lam Son - Thanh H<ja) : La Thi
Nggc Hoa, Chu Nguyn Binh., Hod.ng Van Long
(CT DHSP Vinh) ; Phi^rng Son Ld.nt, Td.ng Nant
Long (PTTH Phan BOi ChAu - NghQ An) ;
Nguydn Thanh rldi (PTTH Ddo Duy Tt QuAng Binh) ; VO Hbng Son (10T PTTH DOng
Hi - QuAng Tri) ; Phimg Qudc Dinh, Ngd Minh
Nghi.a (Trudng chuy6n Lc Khidt - QuAng
Ngei) ; Giang KiQt Qudc (PTTH Nguy6n
Thtrgng Hi6n - TP Hd Chi Minh) ; Nguydn
Khdc Anh (PTTH Li TU Treng - Cdn Thd) ;
Nguydru Hoitng Hd.i GTTH Nguy6n Dinh Chidu
- Ti6n Giang) ; L Td.n Dsl (PTTH Nguy6n
Th6ng - Vinh Long) ; Ph.an Hoirng VieL I{b
Trgng Long (Qudc hqc Qui Nhon - Binh Dinh) ;
Truorlg COng LQe (PTTH Ngd Quy6n - Ddng
Nai) vAldzg L1.nr Huy Hoozg (PTTU B4c Li6u
- Minh HAi) ; v.v... DEc biQt, cric b4n hoc sinh
PTCS ctng tham gia giAi bii vi c6c bpn sau
cd ldi giAi dring : Ngufin Ngec Hd.i (9A PTCS
Thirng Ddu - Hn B6e) ; Bil.i Quang Minh vit
Yyo"S Vu Tlwng (gAt PTCS GiAng Vo II - Ha
Noi).

2. Cdc ban Phan Hod.ng Vit vir L Van

ui nh{n x6t dring, rang kdt quA cria bii

ThOng

todn vdn kh6ng thay ddi ndu thay e bdi m6t s6

drrong o kh6c 1 bdt ki. Hon thd, c5c b4n Giang
KiQt Qu6c vi Ng6 Minh Nghin dd dtra ra kh&ng

dinh dfngsau : " Ya > 0, a + 1 ta c6 :

f (x).as@+g1x1.al@=11x)+s@)ef (x).g(x)--T".
NGUYEN KHiC MINII
Bni T6/195 z Tint tdt cd cdc hdnt sd lian
tuc f : [0, 1] ---> R th6a man f(x) > 2xf(x2)

Yxe[0,1].

Ini
ta

gtrei

: Tt giA thidt, thay

r = 0 vi r = 1

cd

(1)
0.
f(0) > 0,
^1)<
v6i 0 < x < * thi bing
phrrong ph6p quy nqp,
z
1

ra : f(x) > 2xf(x2) > (2*)".r2"

Yn>L(2)
suy

vi0<2r<1n6n

*n - I
1x2"7

lint [(2x)tt . r2o -rr- t . 11x2'1] = 0

n+ *o
Do vdy, tr) (1), (2) sc cti f(x) > 0

(x)

Vrc t0,;).(3)
Metkh6c,v6i0<r<1thi

f('{,

> z{if@) '-*/(r) <

I

r6[i\ f@i)
*'#<---;J=
2n.x.

(4)

2n

Vt
71

lim
+*o

ftxtl

= 0 n6n tt

(4) suy ra

I -=-

2tr

2ilx

Vr(0, 1)
(3) vn (5) k6o theo f(x) : 0 V r SO ,
f(r)<0

Vdi m6i x
.n1

*2"

.;

(5)
1r)
;

l) tdn tai n N dd

e t,

(chsnn > to7z

(^rP )l t': (2)tac6:

2

- 111x2"7 = 0
Yqyf(x)>O Vr. r*,rt
f(x) >

2rtr2n

Kdt hop v6i (5) ta drtoc

vr e lr,q
f(x) =
Yqy f(x) = 0 Vr e [0, 1).
Vi f(x) li6n tuc tr6n [0, 1] n6n f(x) :

Vr [0,

1].

Nhin x6t : 1. C<i rdt nhi6u b4n gui ldi giei

theo crich tr6n, nhung ldi giei chrra chinh xdc,
vi tt (2) d6u tim c6ch suy ra trdc ti6p f(x) > 0
V r (0, 1) trong khi dd ding thtld (*) chua
thidt lAp m6t c6ch ch+t che cho moi r (0, 1),
2. MOt s6 ban da bi6t srl dqng nguy6n him
d6'

giei (tap thd hgc sinh d Lam Son, Hing

Vuong, Phan Bdi ChAu,...)

Goi F(x) ld nguyOn him ctra f(x) : F'(x) = f(x)
vd d6t 8@) = F(x) - F(x2) thl g(0) = 8(1) = 0
vi, g'(x) = F'(x) - 2x F'(x) : f(x) - Zx1{x2) > 0

Suy ra g(x) ld hdm khOig gi6m trong [0, 1].

= 0 Vr [0, 1] (dog(1) = S:(0)).
V{y Fk) = F(x2) =... = F(l')
Vdi 0 < r < 1 thi lirri F(l') = F(0) (do F(x)

Ydy g(x)

tt'

+@

ld hdm li6n tuc). VQy f'(r) = f(0) Vr e (0, 1)

n1n f(x) = O V r (0, 1). Da f(x) li6n tuc
trong [0, 1] n6n fk) : 0 V r c [0, 1].
ncuv8N vAN uAu

BAi T7l195. Tam gid.c ABC c6 BC = a,

cA=buita2 + b, = tsir2tgA + b244D.0)

Long (Qti Nhon) cbn md rQng bdi todn cho

di6u ki6n z ttl nhi6n

90o.

(L)+

(, - u}uo)

a2

u,

(t t$ua)
*

*a2 "o"fiore
C
cos
5 . cosA
CC
cosTosB - sinVinB

=o

sin$sinA

+b2

cos

,+

-0

a2

,c * 62 ,c
(2)
-cos \Z*B) = 0
\Z*A)
-^.cos
vi o = 2RsinA, b = ZHsinB vit
,C

n6n

,C
*
+B) = 18e
(z
\z*A)

,C
(2)+ 4R2sin2A
.cos(
cos.d
Z*A)
4R2sinzB , C

cos(7*A)-0
"*B
,C
cos ( ; +A)
* -#(sin2AcosB - sin2BcosA) = o
,C *A
+ -cos(i
) f(l - cos2AlcosB -

- (1 -

cos2B)cosAl

,C
,*A)(cosB-osA)(1*cosAcosB) = 0(3)
vi0o< 4B,C < 1800n6n1*cosAcosB>0

=+ cos

+
,C

V4y (3)

2*A)=0*l;*o=eU*
["r"(
LcosB-cosA
LB
CC

=0

=A

*B*B=A
2
lz+A=
LB
=A

V$y A ABC cdn tgi C.

Nh$n x6t. Tda so4n nhQn duoc gdn 200
bai giAi. D4i da s6 c.ic ban giAi theo crich trlnh
biy tr6n. Nhi6u bqn da m6c sai ldm trong vi6c
gi6n u6c hai v6crta (2) cho

NcuyEN vAN uAu

Bei T8/195 : Trong hinh trbn cho 1956 didm

hh6ng c6 3 didm ndo th&ng hd.ng. Chtng minh
rdng c6 thd chia hinh trdn d6 bdng 2 duanlg
thd.ng thitnh ba phdn sao cho trong'nt6i phd.n
tuotlg tlng c6 2, 9, 1945 didm..

Ldi

cosB

*t (g *

O) . Ngoni

ra con cri mQt s6 cdch gidi kh6c bing hinh hoc

vi chuydn '116 canh. Tu! nhi6n, cac &ehdd dai
ddng hon vd trrong ddi phrlc t+p. B+n ItO Trgng

ail +bn = teg@'tsd+bntgB)

Chilng minh rd.ng tam gid.c ABC cdn.

Ldi gi6i. Tt giA thidt suy ra A + 90o,

B*

tiy y

giii

Giua 2 didm bdt ki trong 1956 didm dE cho

ta n6i bing m6t dudng thing, D6 thdy s6 drrdng
thing niy ld htu han..Nhu vAy tr6n dtrdng
trbn tdn t4i didm A sao cho kh6ng thu6c c6c
dudng thing tr6n. K6 tia Ax tidp xric vdi drrdng
trbn. Cho tia Ax quay xung quanh A.
M6i dudng thing de ndi tr6n chi chrla dring
2 didm trong cric didm da cho (vi khong cri 3
didm nAo thing hnng). Do A kh6ng thuQc c.ic
dttdng d<j n6n tia Ax s6 ldn luot di qua ttng
didm mOt c{ra c5c didm dang x6t. Ta drinh sd
cric didm niy theo thl tU g4p Ax, tt 1 ddn
1956. Hai vi tri khi gap didm thrl 2 vi thf 3
c&a ,4r sE tpo thinh 1 gdc dinh A. K6 phAn
gi6c cria g<ic niy ta duoc dudng thrl nhdt cdn
tim. Trrong tU kd phen gi6c ctia g<ic t4o bdi hai
tia qua didm thtl 11 vn 12 ta dugc dudng thrl
hai. R6 ring hai dtrdng nAy chia hinh trdn thdnh
ba phdn md trong m6i phdn tudng itng c6 2,
9, 1945 didm.

NhOn x6t
1.

Da sd cdc ban giei bAng cech so sanh cac khoAng

crich tt c6c didm d6 cho ddn mQt drrdng th&ng

kh6ng song song v6i c.ic drrdng th&ng qdi tr6n.

2. CAc ban d6 giei tdt bdi todn : Nguydn

Hbng Td.m, Hr)ng vudng, Vinh Phrl ; Nguydn
Trung KiAn, HaNOi - Amsterdam,Trinh Dang
Giang, Marie Curie, He NQi, Gia Cd.tV6 Hilng,
10A1 LO Hdng Phong, Nam Hd, Phan Anh Tudn
PTTH Nguy6n Hu, Hd Tdy, Mai Tud.n Anh
PTTH chuy6n Th6i Binh, Hoirng Th{ Tuydt,
Nguydn Vi6t Tod.n, Phqm. li Son, Phqnt. Van
Hanh, Lam Sdn, Thanh H6a, Dir.o Thi Thien
Huong, chuy6n DOng Hd, QuAng T4, Nguydn
Thi HAiYdn, Qu6c hgc Hud, Nguydn Thu Tinh,
chuy6n LO Khidt, QuAng Ngei.
VU KIM THUY
tri6c mQt qud. bi'a hinh
Sil dung com-pa, thttdc hd, hay d4ng

BeIi T9/195 : Cho

cd.u.

mQt doq.n th&.ng c6 dQ

bi-a d6.
Ldi giai

diti bdng

bd.n

kinh

qud.

: (d\ta viro ldi giei cria b4n La Minh

Hidu vdln Anh Cuirng - Lam Son-Thanh H<ja).

Md khdu d0 com-pa sao cho eA2 ddu com-pa

cham dtroc viro m{t qui bi-a, Dgng do4n thing

bing kho6ng crich 2 mrii com-pa d

tr6n mQt td gi-dy. Chia d6i doan thing ndy dd
drrgc do?n thang r.Ldy mOt di61m bdt klA tr6n
m{t quA bi-a iim t6m vE dudng trbn (S,). Tr6n
ts,l *lai khdu dQ com-pa ld r ldy 3 didm B, C,
cd dQ dni

,A

D'sao cho cci thd dnng com-pa do drrgc d0 dai

c6c canh cta tam g;\ec BCD. Tr6n mQt td gidy
ta dyng tam gitic B'C'D'sao cho B'C' = BC ;
C'D" = CD ; D'B' = DB vit dttdng trtn (Sr) ngoai
(Sz).
tidp tam guic nay. VE drrdng kinh MN
"t
mQt
nhau
cidr
voi
2
ddu
I.dy Hrdu dQ com-pa
khoAne il,{ f, dAt 1 ddu vio B vn quay mQt cung
t"rcn dt (Sr) t?r E tlfi, BE ld dtrong kinh cfia (S1).
Do dd : 4 B, E thudc dudng trbn ldn ctia
bi-a. Tr6n grdy dltng tam gi6c MNP sao cho
MN = AB, NP = BE vitMP = AE thi dudng
trbn ngo4i ti6p tam gq6cMNP cd b6n kinh dfng
ld b6n kinh qu& bi-a. ViQc x6c dlnh tdm-O cria
dudng trdn ngoai tiSp tarn g76c MNP ln d6 ddng,
ttr dci d6an thing cdn dgng chinh ln OM.
Nh{n x6t : Cac@n Nguydn Qu6c Thhi (12S Amsterdam - Ha NOi), Nguydn Xudn Thd.ng
(10T - D6ng Ha - QuAng Tri) drtng tam
giSc vu6ng )(YZ c6

){Y = AB ; XZ

=Y

t, Qt, Rt, S1 uit' P2, Q2, R2, S,

bd.ng nhau

(htong dd.ng)

Ldi giei. Theo d6 ra, ta c6 cilc !{ giag

PIQtR;St , PzQzBrS, trong adc hinh 1
vd2.Illc6c hinh vfingAB'CD', BC'DA'0nnh

Htnh

3).

Do BD llB'D' (vl cirng r AC)

non hai

uU

= gf , titX k6 dudng thing vu6ng gdc

v6i )(Y cat YZ k6o ddi tai u thi )Itl chinh ld

ffi

drrdng kinh quA bi-a, chia d6i y1l ta cd do4n

thing v6i dQ dni li b6n kinh quA bi-a. C6c ban
Phitng Son. LO.m. (12 - Phan BQi Chnu - Nghe
An), Kibu Hitu Ditng (12A - Hirng Vrrong Phri Thq VP) thiSt l6p trl dilnABCD c<i 5 cqnh
bing nhau dd tinh b6n klnh cria bi-a ngo4i tidp
ABCD qua dQ dii hai canh kh6c nhau, sau dr5
chi ra cach dltng li6n tidp oic do4n thing dd
di t6i dugc y6u cdu bii torin. (Khri phfc tap !)
Nhi6u ban mic phAi sai ldm : dtrng thtr6c
vi com-pa dgng drrdng thing vu6ng g6c vdi
m{t phing, d[t quA bi-a l6n m4t bin vi chdm
ddnh ddu tidp didm, dltng hai dudng trbn tidp
xric nhau tr6n mqt qu6 bi*a v.v...
MQt sd bqn 6 l6p 11 To6n 6 rnQt trudng
chuy6n Qu&ng Ngai giai sai ctrng mQt kidu
N<ii chung : tuy bii to6n kh6ng khd, nhung
cd chrit vfln dgng thltc t6ldm cho mQt sd bpn

Iltnh

hinh vu6ng ndy lI 6nh vi t4o Anh trong m6t

phdp vi tU.Vfly AA', BB't CC', DD'ddng quY
iai tam vi tU (gqi la b). Ggi A" Iit. giao
didm cfia DF vit BK (hinh 4)''a c6 : AAFD =
= MBK (c.g.c) hay AFD = ABK , suY rabdn
nim hn mQt duhg hirr, do &f
ddm A,F,B,A"
I I 1_
/--\
BryL= BAF = 90P. Nhu v$y,BA"D = 90o =
= BAD vi trl gi6c BA"DA' nQi tidp, do dd
(1). Hon
2", = ffiA, = 4so
=
rarta, BAF - 94= BA"FndntttgtrilcBA"AF
nQi tiSp vi tad A"3 = .ABF = 45o (2). Kdt hqp
(2) vdi (1) suy raArA",A'th6ng hdng. Kdt
hgp v6i (1), ta c6 AA'ld ph6n gtr6c g6c BA'D.

- ffi' i,,

kh6 lfng tfng.

lE rufiNc

NHAr

Bad Tf0/195 ChD hl g[ar ABCD c6 AC BD.

ru. phia ngodi il giac b6n hinh uuong ABEF,

Dtlng

BCGH, CDIJ, DAKL. Xi hteu P1, Qt, Rl,51

ld.n luot lit. cdt giao didm crtab6n duimg th&ng
CL, DF, AH, BJ uit. P, Q2, R2, Sr ldn luqt
lit. giao di6m crtab6ru duimg th&ng AI, BK, CE,
DG. Chtng minh rlng hai tt 8i6c

Hlnh 3

nim trn AA' n6n nci cach d6u cric dtrdng

thang DF, BK. Ta cd phdp quay R (0, -J0):
. $0t cacn tubng [1r, ta cring cci
2l -- B^K:AIIE(0,r90p)
- EC;BJ ----GD; CL ---IA ;
Do O

- Pz(= BK x IA) ;
Qr.* Q2 ; R, - Rz; Sr - Sz.
Viy Pl Q r,R, S, - Pz Qz8, S, vi ta cri dpcm.
NhQn x6t. Cric ban d6u giAi dring. Crtc ban
sau dAy cci ldi giei tdt : Phgnt LA Soru (IOT.
Lam Son, TH) ; Nguydn Xudn Thd.ng QAT.
D6ng Hn - QuAng Trl .; Nguydn Tudn Hdi
(11M - Marie Curie - He NOi)
Pr(= DF

CL)

DANG VIEN
I

BAi L1i195 MQt qu6 cdu bdn kinh R Ian

tr6n mat bin nim ngang v6i vdn t6e h,h6ng
ddi u (uQn t6c cia tdm.). Thi nghiQnt cho thiy
khi di hdt bitn, tdi didm O, qud, ciiu c6 thd riti

hh6i b.itn theo phuong nd.nt ngang, nhung cfi.ng

c6 thd riti khdi mQt bdn theo nt6t phuon[ chdcit.

ydng, nhu bi dinh d O. Tint. aibu ki4n gita

R, u u?t g (gia tdc roi ttl do) d.d qud cdi riti
h,hdi bdn theo phuong nd.m, ngang.

Ldi giei. Da sd cric bii grri ddn t6a soan

d6u cci drip s6 dring, Du6i dAy lA ldi giAi tcim
t6t dua vdo bdi gi&i cria em Nguy6n Hdng Thdng
(tp Hd Chi Minh) :
Ndu trong luc dt l6n dd gAy ra gia t6c

!].ai {u.ng1 Nery6" Treng Nghia 11Ar PTTH

Vi6t Tri, Vinh

Phr1.

MT
BAd L2l195. MQt cuQn ddy c6 d0 tu cdnt bang
L, dien bd thuiln r, khtng dd.ng kd ud. nfit din
ffi R m.dr sang song uda mQt ngubn diQn mQt
chibu c6 sudt dien dQng t ud mQt didn tro trcng
r. Lic dd.u hhia K md uit. trcng nmch kh6ng cd
dbng di.n. H6i sau hhi d6ng hhba K thi dien
luong ch4y qua R bdng bao nhiu ?
Ldi giAi. Sau khi ddng kh<ia K mQt thdi
gian ng6n At thi dbng di6n trong mach dat ddn
gi6 tri kh6ng ddi. Khi dy cu6n dAy chi cd vai
trb nhrr m6t di6n trd thudn, mi di6n trd ndy,
theo ddu bai, l?i bing kh6ng. VQy sau At thi
cddng d0 ddng di6n qua R bing kh6ng, c_d-p
cudng d6 dbng di6n qua cu6n ddy ld I, : +.

Nhu v4y dbng di6n chi chay qua B trong khoAng

thdi gian At khi md crrdng dd ddng di6n qua
cudn ddy I. cbn dang tdng. Trong khoAng thdi
gan dy cu6n dAy ddng vai trb nhtr m6t ngudn
cei

sudt di6n ddng trt c6m bing

LIr
. : L n,,

Vi cudn ddy m6c song song vdi di6n trd R n6n

AI,

tac6u*-Er=L

L;(irr=61

l--_-_-__l
,
l(' ,

T-r
EIi
/E

--yfurrrvr,T.

)o

\T+
L-lI

IZ

{t
hrrdng tdm, tdm (kh6i tAm)

L__j

ctaquA cdu s6
chuydn dQng tr6n (ttlc thdi) xung quanh O.
Do dd quA cdu s6 rdi kh6i bAn theo phuong
chdch xudng khi

u2.u)
nlg>ntEhayg>
Ng,rq" lqi khi mg

4iI Ii

*.

l"

-j__lE
rU

Crrdng dQ dbng di6n trung binh qua.R trong

thdi gian ngSn At drroc tinh bing c6ng thrlc

LLIt
_
In
= E = R A, .TtddtasuYradi6n

luong chay qua R

< *{

u2 > gR
^^, theo cung
trgng ltrc $dng dri srlc girr quA cdu
trdn tdm O, vd khi dd quA cdu s6 rdi kh6i ben
theo phrrong nim ngang.
Nh$n x6t . Cd 12 em da gui bdi giAi, trong
dd cd cric em Nguydn llbng Tnans 12CA, BiI
Th! Xudn tp Hd Chi Minh ; Trini Cni Chinn
Lq.Hdrg Phong Nam Dinh, Nam Hd ;
Jlq
Vrt Thi Bich Hd.lf C PTTH ehuyOn Thrii Binh ;
lhilng Minh Hodng 12L1 P?TH Ha Noi Quang Dung t}C
4gftg_"{C* Ha NOi ; DAng phon[
DHTH He Noi ; Ng6 Xudi
1tL PTNK

=*Lrr=f,L,-q =#

Lq = rno,

LT

ag = gr

'

Nh$n x6t. Cri 7 em grli bai giai, trong dd

c<i ldi giAi dfng : Nguydn ltbng Thang
!."*Biti
Thi Xui.n tp Hd Chi Minh, Vfi rhi
ryC\

qq

Bich Hit.1lC PTTH chuy6n Thrii Binh ; Nguydn

Thaih Binh lZG PTTH chuyon fhdi ginh ;

Phnng Minh Hodng LZLL PTTH Ha Noi Amsterdam, Ha NOi ; It1ng Linh l2F PTTH
Lam Son, Thanh Hcia.
OK

cuOc rHr cIAI ToAN oAc nt0r

. a:

.. : ..r-:.,

CHAO MUNG 30 NAM

TAP ChI[ TOAN I.IOC
Gidi ddp bdi

DA

vA
CTt{I

TIONG

Qud trinh udng bia vd "ddi v6 chai ldy bia"

.-'-|
tI

tt

d'.rgc mO tA nhrl sau

1) Mua 20 chai + u6ng 20 chai

2) Ddi 18 v6 chai dugc 3 chai -*udng 3 chai.
3) Ddi 5 v6 chai * 1 v6 chai (di mtlgn)
duoc 1 chai *udng 1 chai
4) TrA v6 chai mugn. VQy l6p 12A u6ng cA

thtY 24

ru6l rhE

cha.

BiNH PHuoNG

LTi SIh{H NHAT

nnEo

nOnpu0x

MQt sd chri mbo tr6n thd gidi dugc cr} vd

NhAt BAn drt l0 sinh nhflt chri mdo mdy
D6rOmOn. Quanh bdn trdn ddm drroc 666 vi
kh6ch, da sd cQc dudi. Ta goi 2 mbo ngdi c4nh
2 b6n mQt vi khrlch ld ld.ng gibng c&a vi khrich
d6 ; 2 m6o ng6i crich mOt theo 2 phia ld cric
ld.ng gibng thi hai cta 6ng ta v.v...
D6rdm6n nhAn thdy : ru5i meo c6c du6i cci
dung m6t v! Ling gi6ng thrl hai vd m6t vi lSng
gi6ng thf trt cing c6c du6i. H6i cd bao nhi6u
vi khrich c6c du6i dU LE SINH NHAT.
NcuvF-N oiNs rUNc

al)
a:,Gi

ffi

Nhdn ki niQm 30 ndm ngay ra so

b6o Toin hgc vi tudi tr6 dhu tiOn,
Tap chi THVTT td chuc cuQc thi gi6i
to6n dac bict.

Db thi

sO c0ng

b6 trdn 2 s6 b6o

M6i s6 se c6 10 bai :
5 bai dirnh cho PTCS va 5 bai danh
cho PTTH.
211994 vit 311994.

Tdt ci hoc sinh dang hoc trl litp 6

ddn 16p 12 dEu dugc tham gia. Hoc
sinh PTCS c6 thd gi6i bai cira PTTH
cdn hoc sinh PTTH khong dttgc giAi
bhi cira PTCS.

M6i bai gini vi6t riOng trn 1

td

gidy. Sd cua biri ra ghi 6 g6c trn bn

trdi, ho tOn vir dia chi (16p, tntitng,
9uQn (huy0n), thanh ph6 (tinh)) ghi it
g6c tr0n ben phAi. Ngoai phong bi ghi
ro : Thi gidi tocin dctc bit. Chi gtti vb
mQt dia chi TC THVTT 81 Trhn Hung

Dao, Ha NQi.

Gi6i thuitng se dugc cdng b6 trOn

tap chi vir sd trao vao nghy l ki niOm
30 nam TAP CHi TOAN HOC VA
rudr rRE.
Mong c6c ban tich cgc huong ung
cuoc thi.
TOAI\I I-{oC VA TUdI TRE

RA Ki xAy

cAc

x+.Ynr=2,

-/ BAi T2l199 :

PTCS
Tim cric chft s6 a, b, c,

F(x,y,z)=

Bai T8/199 : GiA sii H, Ao, Bo, Co ldrt

ludt lil trtlc t6m, trung didm c6c do4nBC, AC,

TRAN DUY }{INH

Cho c6c da thrlc P(r) vd Q@)

AB cria tarn giric khdng cdn ABC. Cec dudng

thing lain lrrot qua A, B, C vd vu6ng g6c v6i
HAo, HBo, HCo 6t Acdudng t}rhng BC, AC,
AB ldn ldgt tai A1, 81, Cr. Chitng minh ring
At, Bt, C, th&ng hdng.

feq)

TRAN XUAN DANG

Bei T3/199 : Cho AA-BC. X6t didm M nim

trong tam giric. Ndi AM, BM, CM c6t eic canh
ddi di6n tqt At, Bt , Ct. Tim giri tri nh6 nhdt
cria bidu thrlc
AM

M,\

TA HbNG OUANC

Bid T9/199 : Cho MBC c<i sd do oic canh li

al , a2, a, vd diQn tich ld S. Chring minh ring :

fBM *\ fcM

\ *r,

Pt

*c,

Pz*Ps

cAc T,6p PTTH

trong tdm

cAc nb vAt t i
n6i vdi mQt bom

Vi =

hft khi (bom tay). Dung tich

= *U

H6i phAi bdm hft t5i thidu bao nhi6u ldn dd

6p sudt d trong binh thdp hon 5 mm Hg. Cho
5p sudt ban ddu cria binh li 760 mm Hg
"iog
vd nhi6t dQ kh0ng thay ddi trong qu6 trinh bom

LAI THE HIfiN

Bhi L2l199:
Cho mach diQn

nhrt hinh

1.

Trong dri ampe

k6 A chi 0,1 A,
vdn kd V chi
lzv. Ndu ddi
ch6 v6n k6 vd
ampe kd thi khi
dci ampe kd ehi
0,02A. Tinli Si5
tri cria di6n trd ft. Bidt Uru kh6ng ddi
BUI VAN PHUC

r, {- 1,* 1}

n. Cho ph6p thgc hi6n i,irep to6n sau :

nim d-ft vi til khdc n-hau. ctia b6 s6
(it , *z i ... , x,,) r6i thay mdi sd Mi s6 ddi cua nci.
Cho hai bQ sd cd thrl ttl :
A = (al , a2, ... , arr) vdi a, {-1, + 1}
ldv

MQt binh c<j thd tich V duoc

tdi da m6i ldn bom ld ,n

Bai T6/199 : Cho sd nguy6n duong ld ft vd

n th6a m6n,i < n. GiA stt ccj
xn) r,6i

LArBrCr.

Bai L1l199 :

NGUYEN MINII DUC

c:&'a

NGUYEN MINH HA

rntt ,=d,vrII *Blx

|
,l
trt+l = ax, * Fbr, Vn = 0, 1r2,..,
Tim di6u ki6n cdn vn dt ddi vdi a, B dd ta
c6 xn
- *a ud. ln + *a khi n -*o v6i
...

zs{s

dtrdng th&ng qua M song song vdi GA, GB, GC

theo thrl tu c6t c6rc mQit (GBC) ; (GCA) ; (GAB)
t4i A1, 81, Ct. Chring minh ring GM di qua

tu nhi6n z ld sd cd tinh
chdt P ndu khi nld alc e,f.a dt - I v6i s6 nguyen
drrong o ndo dci thi n2 crlng ld ddc cita att - 7.
a) Chrlng minh ring moi sd nguy6n t6 d6u
cd tfnh chdt P.
b) Chi ra ring t6n tai v6 han hop sd n cci
tinh chdt P.
(O0 arr tuydn thi to6n qudc td n6m 1993)
Bai T5l199 : V6i c6c s6 thgc duong
xo,!o, a , f
ta x6t hai aay s6
{*n} n ,- oud {h} n > 0 dtqcx6c dinh nhu sau :

, x, ,

*he,.;+a2,>

Bei T10/199 : Gqi G lA trgng t6m cria trl

di6n SABC. M ld mOt didm thuOc LABC. Cac

BAd T4lf 99 : Ta nrii s6

sd nguy6n duong
b6 sd cci thf tU (x,

"l

HA HUY VT'I

NcuYEN ruANH NcuvEN

mgirr,lo)0

o + U +

" UAU
NGUYEN VAN

th6a m6n P(x) = Q&) + Q(1 -x) Vr .B

Bidt ring cac hQ sd cria P(x) la nhtng s6
nguy6n kh6ng dm vi P(0) - 0,. tinh

p-

JL

Tim gi6 tri ldn nhdt cta bidu thrlc

sinx sinv sinz

l6p

d Sbo
Bid T1/199 :
td nhi6n n ta c6 ;
aa * a^-6f..-^cc --g+ 1 = pd -.:.::A + 43
--r- ---rr
ns6a ns6D nsti c
-ns6d

cho vdi mqi sd

I

BAri T71199 : Cho o, b, c ld. do dei 3 c4nh

cta mQt tam gi6c eho trt16c. X6t oic sd x, y, z
th6a m6n :

s6.

B = (bt,b2,...,b,r)vOibl e{-1,+ l) Yi = T,fr,

Chrlng minh rang nhd vi6c thUc hi6n li6n

tido m6t s6 htu han ldn nh6o thav s6 ncii trn

ddi' vdi'b6 sd A ta'cd thd nh'4n_drioc bQ sd B.

- --

M6i bii eiAi vidt nene trn mOt minh ei6v.

Chi s6 c-ria bni ,1 goitren bn tr6i, ho.-th
dia chi d g6c tren bdn phii.
Chri v :

NGUY6,N KHAC TVIINH

10

va

dE---./

PROBLEMS.OF THIS ISSUE

FOR LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOLS
T1./tgg" Find all digits a d c, d such that for any natural number rt, the following equality holds

a D5.:6-cc-r +

aa=._

ndiSita

t = (m1.3

--...TZll99. Polynomials P(x)

and Q(x.) satis$ the

1\3

n.i

conditions

i)P(x)-Q@)+ QQ-OvxeR

Coefficients ot P(x)are non-negalive in tegers and P(o)

Determine P(P(3))

ii)

TRAN DUY HINH

g.

TRAN XUAN DANG

T3ll99.lrt

M be inside the tnangleABC.AM, BM and CN intersect opposite sides of /BC atAr, B, and. Cr,respectively.

w.

Determine the mininum value of

NGUYEN KHANH NGUYEN

FOR UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLS

T4llgg. A naturat number n is said to

necessarily divides

an

have the property

P if whenever

divides ao

- /

-I

for some integer

a, n2 also

a) Show that every prime number r. has property P

b) Shov that there are infinitely many oompcite numbers z that pGsess property P

IND.5 (rMO lee3)

T5/199. For 4 positive real numbers ro , ! o, d ,B, construct the sequences { ,o
+L

x,a=dv
nf I

lr*l

*,

"

o ura tY"

",

as foilows

Jn

;rt = 0, 1,2,...

Findanecessaryand sufficient condition'f:ra, psuch thatxn

+*o

andlo

*fowhennj+e

Vxo, !, > O
NGUYEN MINH DUC

/< be odd integer and a he a positive integer that k < ,r

For weryorderedz-tuples (Xr, X2,..., Xn) witnX, e t-f, l) V, = 1,2,...,n; the fotlowing operations are caried out
For /c numbers from i< arbitrary different places we change them by other their sign (it goes from I to - I or from -1 to 1).
Given two arbitrary ordered n - tuples :

"161199. [-et

A--.(at,-a?'__''i");B=(br,bz,"'bo)
:: a., b. {-1, l} ; i : 1.2,...,n:

Prove that after a finite number of the above operations we can obtain B from

let a,4 c be the lengths of the sides of

Jt
condrtron:x+y+z=z
T7t1Lgg z

'

Determine the maxinum value of F(x , y , z1

l.

a certain given triangle. Consider

NGUYEN KHAC MINH

all real numbelrs x, y, z satis$ing

s! sZ
+
+
= l'uo'b'c

NGUYEN VAN MAU

TSllgg: kt 1/ be orthocenter of non-isosceles trianglelBC an d letA o , B o , C ,be rnidpoints of BC, AC andA-B respectively.
ThelinesarepbrpendiculartoHAo, HBo, HCrfromA,B,C intersect"BC )C:ai|Z,gatAr, Brand C, respectively.
Prove that

A, , Br, C, are .oiin"u..

TA HONC OUANG

T9rllgg:

lrt

a,

, a2,

a3be the lengths of sides of LABC and.$ be its area.

Frove that for all positive numberspl ,

o] o?* ,,

Pz*Pt '

pz, pt

the folloning inequality holds

Pl a?>z,lj.s
ol*Pr*Pz
t

Pt*Pt '

HA

T10/199 r l-et G be a center of gravity of tetrahedron sABC, andM be.a poinr in

The lines through

M aud parallel to GA,

LABC.

GB, GC in tersect the faces (GBC), (GCA), (GAB) ar

that GM through the center of gravity of L A

rB rC

r.

A, , B, ,

vul

rfespectively. Frove

NGUYEN

1l

'HuY

MIN

H HA

\---MQt s6 loai hQ phtrong trinh thudng gap

trong edc ki thi vio Dai hoc vA Cao ding chrra
duoc trinh bdy chinh thrlc d s6ch gi6o khoa.
MQt trong nhirng loai dy la he ddi xrlng hai dn
kidu II.
Dinh nghia : H6 phrrong trinh hai dn goi
li he ddi xrlng kidu II ndu : ddi vi tri hai dn
tronghQ thi phrrong trinh niy trd thinh phrrong
trinh kia.
Dac didnt I ; Ndu h6 cci nghiOm (xo , !o)
thi hC crlng cci nghiGm (!n , xn1. Do dri ndu hQ
cri nghiQm duy nhdt thi nghiQm cri dang
(xo , xo)'

v6 nghi6m, hO ban ddu cd nghi6m duy nhdt

:J:0.

ea

>

_ Thidu2:Timnrddhe
tro
cci nghi6m.
-i
^
lzy+\x,-l=nL
' (D6 34 - 86 d6 thi Torin Bo GD - DT)
Gid.i:Ddtu'-ldx-1> 0thi x=12 *l
u: rly - 1> Qthi y =u2 + 7
lqu!+2*u:nt
H6 tr6 thdnh : ]''
l2u2+2*u=nt
t

vd

Trim lai : HQ cd nghiQm duy nhdt

2514.

lo* t| ,l^,
l-l - tt l-&
{
.

Danh cho cdc ban chuhn bi thi vio dai hoc

Ht ncit xrrxc

HAr Ax

rrhu tr
^-THONG NHAT
LE

Do u, u ) 0 n6n di6u kiun cdn dd hQ cd

nr >- 2. Ydi nt >- 2 x6t hQ tr6n ta cci
(u - u)(2u * 2u - 1) = O. (nhdtriltrlngvd
cira hai phrrong trinh). H6 trrong drrong vdi
tuydn mi trong dd cri h6

DQc didnt 2; Ndu trrf ttng vdcta hai phrrong

trinh trong he thi ta duoc phrrong trinh th6a
m6n khi giri tri hai dn bing nhau. Tr) dd ddn
tdi viQc cci thd drra phuong trinh ndy v6 dqng

nghiOm ld

tich.

Dga vio qic dac didm tr6n, odc ban

x6t drroc nhirng hO loqi niy.

cci

Ilu-u=0
l2uz+2*u=nt

thd

Thidul:Timaddh6:
l^.2--s-s*2t^
= - nf, *
)'-, -,
| "a nghi6m duy nhdt,
lx-=y-4y-+ay
' (DO 133 - B0 dd thi To6n BQ GD-DT)

Dou=un6n: 2u2 + u * 2 - m, = A.Ta

c 2-nt
ccjP= = ; (0n6nphrtongtrinhludn

a2

2 0. Suy ra h6 ban ddu cci nghi6m.

Trjm lai : HQ c<i nghiOm oit. > 2. (d ldi

cd nghiQm u

Gid.i : TrrI tr)ng vd cria hai phrrong trinh ta

cci

gif,i tr6n ta khOng cdn x6t

(x-y)tx2*xy*y2 -3(r+y) *al =

He de cho tttong driong vdi tuydn

[-

ThidqS:Gieihe:]

zt
t

'r*t-^,2

= tsu vdy = tsu v6i u, u e ( -

!, : !1 "a",

D * + 4 H6 trd thinh !"u

'.s2^' *
ltgu = tgzu
fu:2u-lkt
tL-.

0. HC (I) lu6n cri nghiQm

x, -- y : O. Ndu phrrong trinh 12 - 5x I a : 0
c<i nghi6. m thi hO sE cd qu6 m6t nghi6rn, v{y phrtong

Ilu:Zu+nil
:t*

+ k)

25

Tt

*3) + y2 - 3y * a = 0 cd
A, = -3(y - 42 + D - 4a 6m non hC (II)

x2 +x1y

vdi k, n

e Z. Suy ra: u

vd u = -(2h +

-(2n

Nnung u, u e

") f.
/ ?V llr
(-; ,g) nen k-r ru = 0 vd k, n a (-312,
312). Do d6 (k, n) : {(0, 0), (1, -1),(-1, 1)}

ff.

7 xdt he (II) : phtiong trinh

x2 + xy * y2 - 3(x + y) * a = 0

tuong dtrong v6i

lai cria tuy6n.

lY= t- -,' ,
I
Gidi : Ta cri x * +1 viy * +LD4tr :

x(x2 - 5x * a) =

V6i o >

hQ cbn

Vi sao ?)

lx-v=0
(I)
l, " . .)
lx':t'-4y'*ay'
t"
xy.+ y-,- 3(* +y) + o:0
)r'^*
\II)
l*"=t'-4yJlay
X6t(I):dor=yn6n
x2 = f - 4x2 * atc==>

trinh nhy cdn v6 nghiQm, trtc lit a >

(r)

t-

hay (u, u) = {(0, 0), (- nl1, nll), (n13, -rl3).

dd h6 cci ba r,ghi6m ; (x, y) - {(0, 0),

-{s , '[5; , (rl5-, -r/s).

Chn

i;

HQ

tr6n cti thd gi6i trltc ti6p khdng

cdn lrrgng giric hria.

t2

Thi du 4 : Chrlng t6 ring :

vdi

(t

lz*' = "v +L
t, cci nghiom
hC .l
lzr; = x +L
x

t"

(Dd 106
Gid.i

ne:i
"='

vd ly. Vny

0 thi

duy nhdt.

DT).

0. KhiI m6u, ta

Do x,

Ndur >y > 0 thiy/r < 1 .+ ylx *siny < 2

kh6ng th6a rn6n. Trrong trl n6u y > 3c > 0
cung khdng th6a m6n, vdy x : y. Thay vdo
h6 vA giAi h6 v6i r, y thu6c (0,2n) ta cd nghi6m
duy nhdt x =.t: f t-ng l},?n). Do dcj e = 2
z
th6a nrdn. Tcim lai : a : 0 hodc a : 2.
Cric b4n hay thri ren luy6n qua c6c bni tAp
dd nghi drrdi dny :

y > 0 n6n Zxy* x+ y > 0. HO tr6n

'[x-J=o
_
_
lr; i a) = o
X6t f(x) = 2f - x2 - a2 c5 f'(x)
= 6x2 - 2x n1n bf,ng bi6n thi6n f(r) la

tudns duong

*siny:B

lrr,r = x2 + a2

*r * t):
-1rr"-Y2+o2

3n

c<i

fz*'y=y2+a2

..*Jf, ^-y)(2!y

vdo h6 ta cd : 1 * sinr =

x = !.Thay

.-, = ;, h6 cd nghiOm duy nhdt trong

3n
(0,?n) ld x : J :
?. S", ra a = 0 th6a mdn.
*sinx=2
-

B0 d6 thi Torin B0 GD

: Thdy ngay x, !

"u,

1) Gi6i ho

[^,

u)ll"-=Y*; "l
l2v! =

-n

t"

+x

. [r r/l-:-F :

o)

:
frV-l- -;

2) Tim

nr.

114

1t4

dd hQ cci nghim

.[r+,[y-3:nr
=nL
[Y*lx-J
..
{sin2x * nttsy = nt.
b){

\h a * O ndnf(O) - - a2 < 0. Suy ra phuong

ttlnh f(x) = 0 chi cri m6t nghidm x > UB t:dLc
hC de cho cci nghiQm duy nhdt.

'

ltgzy

ntsinx

f!*r,or=o
lv

3) Chfng rninh hO :

l-+sLnY:a
0 < x < Zn,

.t-

duy nhdt mQt nghi6m th6a nrhn

0<y<2n,

t.) -y1*v2
. " ., cci d[ng

a -L

I *x-

ba nghi6m.

Gid.i : * Di6u ki6n cdn : GiA st hO cri nghi6m

(xo , !) thi h0 cong cri nghiQm (y, , ro;. Ndu
h6 cti nghiOrn duy nhdt trong (0,221 thi nghi6m
d<i li r: = y = r, (0, ?n1. Thay di6u dri vio
hO ta cd sin^x,, = a - 7. Do xo ld duy nhdt
trong (0, %r.) n1n a - | = + 1, tfc Ia a = 0
hodc a : 2.
* Oidu kiQn dri :

4) Bang c6ch dua v6 hQ ddi xrlng kidu II

y : 11Sx - 2 ), h6y giAi phrrong trinh :

(dat

xr*2=31/3r-2.
^?

[!+rin*=o
Xdta=0tacdh6

nt

'-

Thi dq 5 : Tirn o dd hc lJ'

cci

lY

lI*siny=o
Ir
Ndur > y > 0 thir/y > 1 +r/y *sinr > 0,
vO ly. T\ronghl: ndu 0 < r < ytbtylx *siny > Q
l3

To6n hga

vi dtri sOng

roAN rrec TRoNG vdN oii

riNu roAN tr,ty n0l
oANc HUNG tnfuqc
Trong phdn l6n cdc hoat d6ng cria minh eon
ngudi thudngphAi ddi m6t v6i nhitngtinh hudng
kh6ng thd du dodn tru6c mOt cdch chinh x5c.

Nhung nhdn t6 ngSu nhi6n may rrii da grip

phdn kh6ng nh6 tao ra ni6m hanh phuc vi n6i
bdt hanh ctia cu6c ddi, Khi ph6.i hdnh dQng,
phAi ra quydt dlnh trong nhitng tinh hudng
kh6ng chic ch6n dd, ngrrdi th6ng minh cdn phAi
bi6t tinh todn xem phdn may, phdn rui ld-bao
nhi6u phdn thSng phdn thua li bao nhi6u. Cd
mQt b0 m6n to6n hqc girip ta tinh todn cdc
phdn may rui dd, mQt cSgh khoa hoc, 86 m6n
dci c<i t6n ggi ld LI THIIYET XAC SUAT.. Ngny
nay li thuydt x6c sudt d6 trd thdnh mQt linh
Wc quan trong drtoc.rlng dung trong hdu hdt
c6c ngdnh khoa hgc. O da sd c6c ntl6c tr6n thd
gi6i hoc sinh phd th6ng dd drroc ldm quen vdi
nhtng phdn don giAn cria bO m6n todn hoc ndy.
Dd cci mQt y niQm v6 vi6c tinh todn rnay
rrii, ch'.ing ta hd'y ctng nhau ddn rnoi didm "Vui
choi cri thrldng", t4i dti dang cci mOt trd choi
nhtl sau. Ngudi chri tri det 3 b6nh xe quay
gidng h9t nhau rnSi brinh xe drtoc chia ldm 6
phdn bing nhau ddnh s6 trl 1 ddn 6.
0 tam b6nh xe ccf gdn m6t mrii t6n (xem
hinh vo)
Ngudi choi
det ti6n cudc vao '

m6t trong 6

s5.

M6i kdt quA quay 3 brinh xe ld m6t bO 3 sd

(a, b, c), trong dri a, b, c ld sd md mrli t6n
cria brinh xe thtl nhdt, nhi, ba chi. CA thAy
cci 63 = 216 kdt quA cti thd. Ta chia chfng l5m
ba nhcirn
Nhdm 1 gdm cric kdt quA (o, b, c) trong
d6 a, b, c kh6c nhau d6i m6t. Nh6m niy cri
6.5.4 = 120 phdn tit.
Nhdm hai gdm cac kdt quh (a,6, c) trong
d6 a = b = c. Nh<im ndy cci 6 phdn tfi. Nhdm
ba ld c6c kdt quA cbn lai tllc li cac kdt quA
trong dd cci dring hai sd gidng nhau. Nhdm ndy
gdm 216 - 120 - 6 = 90 phdn tr}.
GiA stt ngudi choi d4t cgc r ddng vao sd 1.
Ydi cde kdt quA thudc nhdm 1 ngudi chir trb
s6 mdt r d6ng trong 60 trudng hop (D<i ld klii
kdt quA le (1, b, c), (a, 7, c), (a, b, 1)) vd dtroc
r d6ng trong 60 tnrdng hgp cbn lai. Nhrr vdy
thu hoach c*a ngudi chtr trd bi.ng 0.
Ydi cdc kdt quA thudc nhcim 2, ngudi chri
trb s6 drroc r d6ng trong 5 tnrdng hop vd mdt
3x ddng trong moi trrrdng hop duy nhdt ld (1,

1, 1). Vay trung binh ngudi chir trd

5x

-Sx

V6i cric kdt quA thu6c nhcim 3, ng"udi chri

trd sG mdi 2x ddng trong 15 tnrdng hgp dang
(1, 1, o), (I, a, l), (1, 1, o) mdt x ddng trong
15 trrrbng hop dang (1. a, a). (a, l, a). (a,
o, 1) vd duoc r ddng trong 60 tntdng hop
cbn lai. VAy trung binh ngrrdi cht trb thu
drroc

60x-15x-15"2x:6x
g0
Vi nhdm 1, nhrim 2 vi nhdm 3 tuong fng
cd 120,6 vi. 90 phdn tir n6n thu hoach trung
binh trong mQt vrin cria ngudi chri trb sO ld

xx
0.L201=.6*=.90

Sau dri 3 b6nh xe

bdt ddu quay khi

drlng l?i, ndu i
brinh xe (1 < i <
3) crj mui t6n chi
vdo sd dttoc chgn

drroc

x.

216

:-

x
210

0,079x

Nhrr vQy trung binh m6i v6n ngudi chri

trb thu vd khoAng \Vo s6 ti6n rnh ngudi choi
dat crJQc.
Nhrr vAy ndu mQt ngiy crf 100 ludt ngudi
choi mQt th6ng 3000 lrrot ngudi choi vdi m6i
vdn d{t cugc 1 nghin thi ngUdi chri trd s6
kidrn dugc khoAng 240.000d trong thring d<i.
Ndu ngrrdi ndo m6u me cd bac choi 3000 vrin
trong 1 th6ng thi trung binh anh ta rndt
240.000d trong thang.

thi ngudi choi dtroc

nh6n I ldn s6 ti6n d6t ddng thdi drroc hoAn trA
lai sd ti6n dat. Trong trudng hgp nguoc lqi,
ngudi choi m6t sd ti6n dat.
Trb choi hdp d5n nhi6u ngudi vi xem ra
crj v6 d6 5n, Nhrrng thltc ra, cfng nhrt mgi
trd choi cd bqc kh6c, ngrrdi chrl trd bao gid
cring cci loi. Ta hey thil tinh xem trong trd
choi ndy trung binh m6t v6n ngrrdi chri trb
thu duoc bao nhi6u.
14

- V6.y thi em chua Mc vQi. Hay thay 8 ldn

30 vi6n bing 4 ldn 60 vi6n r6i l4r thay bing 2
ldn 120 vi6n hay I ldn 240 vi6n. DAy c{u a ! Cu

TruyQn Cu Khoai

NHAN NHANH

Khoai v&a n<ii vta Mc 240 vi6n s6i cho vdo h6p.

xuAN

ngh6 ctra Cu Khoai. N<i chi b6c dring 2 ldn, ldn

ddu 15 vi6n, ldn thrl hai 240 vi6n li ra ngay

TRUNG

Cu Khoai hoc c6ng tril nhanh l6m. T6i day

trong m6t ngay li nd cri thd c6ng nhdm hdng
trang sd liQu. HOm nay tdi phAi day Khoai lim
tinh nhdn. T6i b&o nd
- BAy gid chting ta hoc mQt ph6p to6n ly
thti nfla ld ph6p nh6n.

kdt quA 17

- Em bi6t rdi. D6 l6m - nd ng6t ldi toi

- ThiI nhAn chin v6i...
- Mudi trim. Cu Khoai Iai crr6p ldi.
- Nhtrng Khoai phAi nhAn chin v6i ba kia
md - Tdi gi&i thich.
- Nhdn chin vdi mdy mi chA ra mridi trim
Vay nhAn mudi trim vdi...

t7

15

rOng

16
a

15

15

30

4
a

60
120

240

End ;
Nhdn
End ;

15+240

C\

Khoai

240

255.

hjc l5 viCn cho vio

h6p

Cu Khoai tr6c 240 vi6n ctro vao h6p

,-

hop

\^

l[ rrnnanr

Sau nhi6u ngiy kidm tra chrlng minh dinh

li Fermat cria A. Wiles, cdc trung tAm todn hgc
tai Hoa Ki vd Ph6p ph6t hiQn ra mQt chd hdng
ldn ! Tuy vQy, edng trinh cta A.Wiles vin ld
mQt ddng g<fp ldn vdo To6n hoc hiQn dai. Con

- VAng, em bdc 15 vi6n vio h6p. Thd

drroc mQt ldn, cdn phAi bdc 16 ldn nfra
?

TN M6r vE orrun

dudng chrlng minh cria A.Wiles kh6ng cci gi sai,

mA sai'ldm xudt hi6n do vi6c str dung mdt kdt
qu& v6 Ddng Di6u crla Kolyvaghin. Nhtr vdy,

T6i

d6ng vi6n

lai ld phAi "chita" c6ng trinh cta

Kolyvaghin !
Dinh li ldn Fermat vdn tiSp tr,rc li mQt thrich
thfc ddi'v6i To6n hqc.
HA HUY KHOAI
viQc cdn

N6u em mudn ldm nhanh thi chi cdn bdc

B ldn rn6i ldn 30 vi6n

vi

H0p

if odd (r) {r 16}

then H6p : = HOp +y ; {bdc s6i}
x i = x shr 1 ; {x<ia chit sd hing
don eria r)
y : = yshl 1 ; ttfrcm 0 choy)

tr/dng tuqng li em phAi bdc s6i vdo c.ii hQp nny

L7 ldn, m6i ldn 15 vi6n s6i.

Dring ! Kh6 l6m, em bdc tidp di

15

Begin

- Nhfrn sd x vdi s6 y ttlc Id cdng x ldn y.

Thi dq, n6u em phAi nhAn 17 vdi 15 thi hay

tii

HQp::0;{LausachhQpi
Whiler>0do

Hria ra cu Khoai ngay tr) khi lqt ldng dA

bidt nhdn d6i vi chia ddi. Vi cric cht sd rni n<i
ghi nh{n trong ddu minh chi li 1 vi 0 rlng vdi
c6e tr4ng th:ni dring vi ng6t mach di6n. Trong
hQ th4p phdn nhrr chring tdi dang hoc d nhi
tnrimg thi nhAn vdi 10 sE th6m s6 0 vdo b6n
phAi, cdn chia nguy6n cho 10 thi bdt di chfr sd
hdng don vi. He ddrn cria cu Khoai ln hO nhi
ph&n do d<i n<j nhAn d6i, chia ddi circ kj.nhanh.
T6i ph6i tim c6ch giAng giAi cho nri bidt ph6p
nhan ln gi.

chrl gi

15

kinh hodng vi

Begin

Ba rnr.loi s6u... NhAn thi them s6 kh6ng

b6n phAi, chia thi bdt chit sd b6n phii.

li

vi

TOi vidt ngay thuAt to6n do chinh cu Khoai

nghi ra rdi giao cho cu Khoai ghi nh6 dd chudn
b! cho dqt c6ng di6n c'0ia cdc hoc trd mriy vio dip
xudn Girip Tudt ndy. ThuAt to6n dd nhrJ sau
Function Nhin (r, y : integer) : integer ;
var HQp : integer ;

hA c6u.

T6i nhin vio hdp

- H.y l6m. T6i dE dorin ra cS.iv6nnhAnd6i

chia d6i crla cu Khoai.

l5

tilffiNE

N
cAr cAcH DAY

VA

truc xv cia AD . Goi F h

pnep 6al xrJng truc.ry, ra

coF:A-I);B-C

hay P? = fi. Ap dung

phAn h) dinh li tr6n, la co
F li m6t phdp rinh ridn (l).

Hgc roAN

Nhuns ta cfins co F

TRINH nhy ruHt, VAY

tai I) ndn dp dung

c6 rsoA DANc crrANG ?

Trong.SCK HI

- l0- t990 (ddng rr{c gii Nguy6n

ti:

khcrng phAi

m6t_phdp
vcii

Sau dAy lA m6t g0i 1i vd c:ich trinh biy khAc: "Dinh li :

Cho hai di6m hdr ki A vi A
a) V6i mqi cIp didm M, M'nuA, M-theo rh( ru le enh
cia A, M trong m6r ph6p tinh ridn thi Af,l" = ,{fu
b) Dio lai, php bi6n hinh F-bi6n di6m,4 thanh didm A'
vi m6i di6m M thirnh mQt didm M' rudng t.rng sao cho
A'M' = AM li mdt phdp rinh ridn.
Chitng minh : a) (ban cloc tu ridn hAnh)
. b) Vi cap ditim 21, ,4' da c!g. inh z1' cta ,4 trong ph6p
hidn hinh li.duy nhir nCn vecrd.4,4' lA m6t vecrd xic dinh. Hon

Cia Cdc -

li hai di6m da cho n6n x6c dinh. Nr,r'r rav,-Jd ifra. ,ii, OiC,i
kin 46u _trong phAn b) chi qin chon hai di6m l, M' niro tlo la
co th0,kCt luAn F lA
fQr p!..p rinh ridn_. D0 hdc bo di6u nAy. ra
xet phdn vi du sau diy. "Cho hinh chil nhAt ABCD. X6c 6inh
M

ntta. moi diCnL4/

lrengAr phiry rldu co inh M'

rtrctng irng sro

cltou(, '' AA'(doA'['l'-:,4(). negtheo dinh nghia phdp

trnh {ren. ra co /. = 1r.vdi y = AA'(dpcm),,

q$p t,_d*.. hinh hidn.y' rhinh 1). hi6n B rtrinh C hay

D(- = AB". Goi giao di6m cia AC, BD li I eua / k6 trun!

nr6t didm y S nio dci nim trn dudns thans

/ sG nh6 hon khoAns
khoAne c:ich ti P 6i
tdi l. Didu dci #
dan tdi mAu thudn do ta chon didm P vd dubnE
thing
thipg
malg lI cci
ui khoAng
co
k-hoang cach
crich dung
dung
dune Mne
bang r). Do A G
d-S
sS
va do
ag eiA
didm ctia t6n
t4p
eia thi6t reh I cd it nhAt IAB didm.cug
xa
S,
Sr.n6n.ta
n6n-ta suy
ra ring ffin
hn dubns
d.tqng thine
thing I y6
v6 mtjt
m$t
Fgy-ra
phia nio dcitria di6"fi A so c<j itia h fdidm ctia
t6p S nim tr6n dd.
dci. Ta ki hi6u
hiQu 2 trons s6 cac
r:ic didm
dvli X vi Y (xem hinh ve) vd nsD5i ra ta s6 ki
hiQuXIl
hiau
X Ie didm edn
A hon so v6i didin Y. Kd dudns
ednA
thane di qua 2 didm P vdY. Dr5 dane chrlns minfi
gr"h tt didm X t6idtrdnf thing
{Ug"..4"S.idlng
{Ugg.4".g.knoqtg cach
Pf
li be-hon klroAne eich til didm p t6i-dudnE
th6ng.l. Vn di6u.dci 6ung se mAu thudn va <z,cfr
chon-didm P \,a dubng th?ng l.
Do dd tr6n
dttdng thing / chi
ui dung 2 die'm
cua tqp hop S md
'o
thOi. Bei torin di

BAI TOAN J.XILVEXTH

HOANG OUC tATrT
thd ki 19, nh) todn hoc Anh ndi tidng
-li J.Xilvextr
-C_gij
dA dat ra bei todn sau ddy.
"Gi6 stt S li mdt tAp hop hiru han didm tr6n
p1a.t nhing sao clio t'dt ci'cac didin ctia tap S
kh6ng nam tr6n cirng 1 drrdne thine. Vdn d6
ra li.li6u cri t6lr tai m6t ifrrdng Thing ma
{+t
dttdng thing dy chi di qua
dring I didm" cria
tQp hgp S hay kh6ng ?"
Hon 40 n5m tr6i qua md bdi todn cfra
J.Xilvextr v6n chtta duqi giei quydt, vd sau gdn
nrla thd ki bai torin niy-vdn'dloc coi li irrot
bii torin rdt kh<j. Nhtrni... d6t nhicn bSne xudt
hiQn mQt .phuong phrip"rdt d6c drio giAiluydt
bdi torin d-d. Phu?ng ffrap ar;'nhu sa"u.
hay k tdt cA gri-c dtrdng thing cci thd
- t+
co,
ctl qua tung cap didm m6t cta tAo hoo S
(Le tdt-nhiOn trorie cric dudne thins Le Oiroc
c<i thd cci m6t s6 iludng. thiq-"g md Eren ttlS
dttdng thins'd.y s6 cc! fihidu n-on 2 dio'm cua
tap hgp S). Ta x6t tdt cd cac khoAns cdch cri
th6' cri cria r46t didm bdt ki (cta ta; S) ddn
c6c dudng thine mi. ta wa [e'arroc'Bir6;. R6

duoc giai xong.

Ldi grai bei

torin J.Xilvextr d
tr6n thit 16 ring
s6ng sria vd hoin
toAn so cdo. Tuv

t
i

,}

rY

AX

nhi6n bdi' todi

tY trong
lYqng
Knong glan sau
dAy, thi li6u cci thd Aiei duoc m6t cdch "don

htu han, n6n sd c6c iltrdns thins

kd dttoc cring hiru han'vi do vAy s6 c6c T<hoanE
do t6p S

c6ch cci thd cd cring phAi le hiru han. GiA sir 7

ld khoAng cd,ch ngf,n'nhrit trong sd'cdc khodns
cdch ccj thc" cci dcj (r > 0). Ta cd thd chon duol
P.ln di6'm cta S yd / ld mOt dudng thing trong
d^trdng thing 4rd ia da kE d tr6n, sao
"f "4q
cho
khoAng -cach tfi P ddn / drins bAne r. Ta
s chrlng minh rang tr6n drrong thine f chi crj
dung 2 ilidm cria tdp hop S.
Gia qt ring trOn dtrdns thine Z cd it nhdt

giAn" nhu tr6n hay khong ?'

Bii torin J.Xilvextr trong kh6ns eian : "Gi6
srl S ld mpt tqp liqp hqu^hai didm-tfrng kh6ng
gran sao cho t6t cbiAc didm cria tQp hqp S t<trOn[
nim tr6n cung nrOt nrat phing. t ieuix; tdn taj
4tQt

nla! ph6ng mA rrrAt phing dy chi di

qua

dring 3 didrn cri-a t{p hq'p S hay-kh"6ng ?,

Ban doc thAn mdn !
Ldi giai cira=bai todn md r6ng vrla phrit bidu,
t9q 9o4n b5o To;in hgc vd Tudi trd-dang chd

didm p ra ha
dyd.nqyuo.n g Sgc P'A .t' I (A la"g\1n drrong.vu6ng
grfc). R6 rdng ld A kh6ne phai la mOt di6m cua

ln 3 didm cria tAp hOp ,9

Ii

tinh tin, mAu thuan

(r) (!)

Ndu ,4', A' 4 trglr tA a{r crja trai didnr A. M tron1

- a).
phep tinh tidn nti AM : A'l9l'
mnt
, b) Dio lai, phdp bGn hinhlidn hai didm,4, M thAnh hai
di,m A', M'sao cho AM : A'M' In mQr ph6p tinh tidn,,.
C6ch dien dAt nhu tren lA chua ranh mach-.ThAt v6y. vi A,

ring

phAn

a) dinh li rren, ta co F

DANG KY PHoNG
Trinlr Th6 Vinh) treng 49 co nu dinh
"Cho hai diem hdr ki A vd M

4,' b;C -? nhuns

AC * DB 1vi
cit nha[

Tt

tAp S (bdi vi, eia sfi A E S khi dd 16 rans lA

khoAng c6ch trIA toi dudng thang di qua p"v]r

doi d qic ban.

16

oUANG CAO
a^?

D6n dsc VAN I{OC VA TLIOI

TRE,

ban thAn thidt cua.hoc pinh vd nhd giSo cing d6ng ddro ban
-vdn trong
^NgLIdi
y6u
va ngoAi nhA iruong.
-TAp.MOt, ra vao th5ng I na1n 1994, .ddy 6.a.tranB, vgi nhidu bAi hdp
dan cua cac nha van, nha grao... va noc stnn vtet ve:
o CAc 6ng vin hay
o Cac nhA vdn trong cAm nghi cua
o Chuy6n n6n oidt - S6ch cdn dQc
o TtJ li6u moi vd van hQc...
Gie 22o0dfi bAn.

mgi

ngLldi

_)

Tim mua tai c5c C6ng ti S6ch ve Thidt bi trutong hoc, c6c dqi li

var

br-tu di6n.

GICX THIEU SACH. .

(Tidp theo bia 4)
Thttc hanh ki thudt hcia ndng (1.250d), Thuc
hdnh bii tdp hda hfiu co (10.800d), Gizio trinh
hcia sinh hqc (7.700d), Thtrc hdnh hcja hitu co
(D+i hoc srr pham) (3. 100d), Co sd Ii thuydt
hrja T1, T2 (4.000d, 8 000d), Gi6o trinh co sd
li thuydt h6a T2 (4.000d), Truy6n kd c6c nhd
b6c hoc xudt s5c (3.400d), Sd tay Torin Li Hda
(3.000d), Sinh thrii dai crlong (3.000d), Di truydn
dai crtong T2 (1.280d). Bdi tap di tmy6n
(1,988d), Girio trinh sinh li cAy trdng (14.000d),
b5o d6ng m6i sinh (3.000d), Truy6n k6' cric nhi
b6c hoc Sinh hoc xudt sac (3.400d).

II-

Sdch

ki thuat Trung hgc chuy6n

Vo

ki thudt co khi

nghiQp vh d4y nghd

(Trung hoc

chuy6n

nghiQp) (7.500d), Ki thuAt di6n (Trung hsc

chuy6n nghiQp) (9.500d), Ki thuAt di6n tit
(1.500d), Co ki thudt, T1 tTrung hoc Chuy6n
nghi6p) (7.500d) Cdu tao sita chlta di6n 6t6
(10.000d) Ki thuAt c6t may (15.CC0d, C6ch
stt dung sila ch{ta tir lanh. Di6n ttl th6ng dung
T1, T2 (3.50d), (4.00d), Sd tay Tho sira chiia
co khi (10.000d), Ki thudt rbn (5.800d). Hrt6ng
din day nghd ngudi (2.000d), Cac bai thuc hanh
v6 ngh6 n6 (3.500d), Hdi d6p v6 ngh6 m6c
(4.000d), Ttt hoc d6nh m6y chtt (6.500d), Sd
tay hudng din v6 kI thudt (3.300d) VO tuydn
di6n ttl hi6n dai (2.300d)

III. S:ich ngo4i ngU - Tir didn

BBC Beginner's English (Li thuydt) T1 dung
cho sinh vi6n, hs (15.000d), BBC Beginner's
English (Li thuydt) T2 dirng cho sinh vi6n, hs
(15.000d), BBC beginer's (Bdi tap) T1 dungcho
sinh vi6n, hs (6.500d), BBC Beginner's English
(6.500ciu, Pra"ctice Tests T1 (15.000d),,Practice
Tests T2 (17.000d), Tidng Anh - cric l0i thudng
g4p (20.000d), Hr.t6ng din thtic hdnh giao tiSp
Vi6t (9.000d), TruyQn cd tich Anh (song ngrr)
(4.000d), Sd tay ngudi dich tiSng Anh (17.000d),
Ceic loai hinh thi vi kidm tra tidng Anh
(15.000d), Ngrt ph6p tidng Ph6p, T3, TiSng Anh
- kiSn thiic cdp 2, T2 (3.350d), Tuydn tAp cdc
bdi Test ti6ng Phdp (3.000d), Luydn tiSng Phap,
T1 (1.620d), Gidi trJ tidng Anh (4.000d), C6c
bdi Test tidng Anh (1.800d), TiI didn b6ch
khoa - hcia hoc tr6 (4.000d), Tit didn thuAt ngu
Van hoc (bia ctlng) (12.000d), Tit didn girio khoa
tieng Vi6t (9.300d), Tt didn giao khoa tidng
Vi6t (bia cfng) (11.900d), Trl didn thuAt ngtt
tin hoc Anh - Vi6t (30.000d), Thudt ngtt Anh Vi6t (gi6o duc) (3.600d), Tt didn Anh-Vi6t
hi6n dai (40.000d), Tit di6'n M, - Vi6t (2.000d).
Tt didn H6n-Vi6t hi6n dai (50000d), Tir clidn
Vi6t-Hrin (55.000d), Tt didn Nga-Vi6t
(3.000d), Tt didn \lhat - Anh - Vi6t ngoai
thuong (40.000d), Til didn Anh - Vi6t (khd
nh6) (12.000d), Tt dien Ph6p-Vi6t (30.000d).

OUANG CAO

TRIJOI\TG MARIE, CIJRIE,

Hil IYOi

Dia chi: Khrrong Dinh - Thanh fri - ftar NOi. DiCn thoai : 584844
o Thdnh lAp ndm 1992 dttdi str bAo tro cria HQi Vat li Vi6t Nam.
oHi6n c<i^tr6n 800 HS trl^ldp 6 df.n ldp 12 dang hgc tAp theo cdc hudng CHUYEN TOAIV,
CHIIYEN.TIN, CHIIYEN NGU (Anh - ViQt), trong dcj cci 30 hoc sinh dat giii Qu6c gia
tt nhi6u tinh, thdnh v6 hoc.
r Nhtrns hoc sinh ti6u bidu vd m6n Todn :
ciAI'NHAT QUdC GIA : Nguy6n Th6i Hd (Vinh Phri), Mai Thanh Binh (Ha Hoi), Vn
Thi Brich Khoa (Th6i Binh), Nguy6n Van Cudng (He B6c).
ctA NHAT THI GIAI TOAN tr6n TgP CHi "To6n Hoc vi Tudi tr6" : Nguy6n Tudn
HAi (Nam Hi), Trinh Dang Giang (Thanh Hria).
o Nhi6u thA'y girio, c0 Cr6o gi6i cria c6c trudng DHTII He NOi, DHSP IId N6i I, Vi6n To6n Hoc,
Vi6n Tin IIoc, Vi6n Khoa hoc Girio duc vd. cic trudng chuyOn 6 Hd N6i tham gia giAng day.
o Co sd vdt chdt : MOt nhi 4 tdng gdm 20 phdng hoc vd uic phbng ldm vi6c. M6t nha 5 tdng
gdm ?0 phbng d cria hoc sinhlMot phdng miy Vi tinh. Mot ntra an 2'tdng'phuc vu gdi
1000 hoc sinh vd girio vi6n. Di6n,'nrtdc sinh hoat ti6n loi. Nhi6u hinh thrlc sinh hoat, rdn
luyQn, .r.ui choi phi hgp sd thiih'crla tudi tr6. Hoc iintr N6i thinh Ha Noi cci 5 tuy6n xe
Buyt ri6ng drra ddn hirng ngdy.
o Hgc sinh cri thd chon m6t trong ba hinh thfc : n6i tni, brin trf vi ngoai tni.
o Hgc sinh gi6i Qudc gia drioc tuydn th&ng vdo trudng vd hudng hoc bdng d 3 mfc : 300.000d,
500.000d, 1.000.000d/nam.

oTrudng tuydn hoc sinh vdo th6ng 6 hdng nnm. M5i nam hoc gdm 11 th6ng, tit ddu thring
7 ndm nDry ddn cu6i thring 5 nim sau.
Chric ban doc Tap chi To5n hoc vA Tudi tr6 nhi6u may min, mdi cdc ban ddn vdi trudng
Marie Curie - Ha NOi.
,
,Hieu trudng
, NGIIYEN XUAN KHANG

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NHUNG SACH NHA XUAT BAN GIAO DUC

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ISSN : 0866

I - S:ich cl4i hoc -

Cao ding

Todn cao cdp tAp I, tdp II, mp III. Bai t{p Todn cao cdp tap 1, T4p 2 (5000d,
6000d), To6n cao cdp t{p 3 (Su pham) (2000d), Hdm sd bi6n phrlc (980d), Phrrong
trinh Vi phdn 5570d, To6n cao cdp Tai chrlc, tqp 2 (2OOOd), Phrrong phap tinh
(3000d), Phrrong phrip day m6n todn (4000d), Srl li Tin hiOu (6500d), Bdi tdp
hinh hoc hoa hinh, tep 1 (7000d), Hinh hoc hoa hinh, t6p 1 (10.000d), tAp 2
(12.500d), Bdi tap lap trinh ngdn ngir Pascal (20.000d), cric phrrong ph6p giei
torin d Tin hgc, Tap 1 (3.800d), Dd 6n luyQn m6n Todn 12 phd th6ng Trung hoc
(4.800d), C6c dd thi v6 dich Torin q5c nrldc (19 nudc) Tap 1, T2 (8500d, 12.500d),
Hinh hgc vecto T1, T2 (6.500d), Vat I dai crrong T2 (9800d), Bdi tdp VAt li dai
cudng Tl, T2 (4600d, 10.300d), V6t li phan tfr (6.b00d), Bai tQp Vat f li thuydt
Tl,T2 (1500d, 1950)d, Vdt li nguyon tit hat nh6n (1500d), Vat I chdt r6n (6.300d),
Quang hoc (dai hgc stt pham) (6.200d), DiQn hoc (Dai hqc su pham) (6.300d) Co
hgc T1, T2, TB (7500d, 6000d, 3500d), Bni tAp cd hoc Tl, "12, Tg (10.000d,
9.800d,4000d), Srlc.b6n VAt li6u T1, T2 (6.000d, 4.200d), Cc hoc COngtrinh T1,
T2 (5. 600d, 7.700d), Co ki thuat (9.000d), Bni tdp co ki thuat (7.000d), Hria
phdn tich dinh tinh, Hria ki thudt dai cudng T1 (1.520d), ...
(Xent tidp bia 3)

8035

Chi sd:

12884

Gid.:

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